Snake Awareness

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Snake Awareness The two most common venomous snakes of the Perth area are: Perth and Western Australia Western Tiger Snake Notechis scutatus Venomous snakes Solid looking reptile with a large chunky Almost anywhere in and round the city of head. Can reach 120cm in length. Perth, and across the whole state, you may Usually a dark brown or black coloured snake come across a snake. with some yellow or orange banding. In older built up suburbs with no large areas This snake is associated with fresh water and of undisturbed bushland, most species are can be found among paperbark trees locally extinct. However, they may be found alongside creeks, lakes and swamps. in any long protected parks, beaches, sand dunes or on golf courses and farm land. A dangerous venomous snake but not noted for aggressive behaviour. They are most often encountered in those areas where recent developments have taken place. As bushland is cleared snakes have little habitat left and are more likely to enter TIGER SNAKE parks and gardens in search of prey, mates, suitable egg laying sites or new territory. Snakes in Australia only bite when threatened or trodden on. Most feel the vibrations of your footsteps and move away before you even get close. Sluggish snakes and the slower Death Adders on colder days may be reluctant to move at all and should simply be walked around. Dugite or Spotted brown snake. DON’T PANIC. Just “say G’day and walk Pseudonaja affinis away”. In colouration this is a highly variable snake, dark or light grey to brown, yellow, green and Why not join us on a venomous snake course even black. Head often lighter or darker than - overcome a few fears by learning more body; may be spotted or flecked along length about these amazing creatures and also find of body. An active, agile and alert snake, out how to catch and remove them safely mainly diurnal but can also be seen at night with the help of our expert instructors. hunting. Can grow to over 2 metres. Most venomous snakes encountered in Perth are Dugites. Young Dugites having recently hatched are on the move from early February through to May looking for suitable habitats many end up as unwelcome visitors in suburban parks and gardens. A dangerous venomous snake but not noted for aggressive behaviour. Will however DUGITE bite rapidly and repeatedly when injured or threatened. Copyright David Manning’s Animal Ark http://www.animalark.com.au .

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Reptiles in and Around the House Identification and Distribution Reptiles Inhabit Every Environment in Australia
Reptiles in and around the house Identification and Distribution Reptiles inhabit every environment in Australia. Common reptiles found in Western Australian backyards include: Tiger snakes Notechis scutatus occur in southwest WA, and are often seen near water, including rivers, dams, drains and wetlands. Unlike most other Australian elapids, tiger snakes climb well. They can range from grey, olive, brown to black in colour and often have yellow and black cross-bands, but not all have this pattern. Venomous Dugite. Photo: R. Lloyd/Fauna Track Dugites Pseudonaja affinis occur in southwest WA and Gwarda Pseudonaja nuchalis occur from Perth northwards. They live in a wide variety of habitats including coastal dunes, heathlands, shrublands, woodlands and forests. They are long and slender, with relatively large scales that have a semi-glossy appearance. They can range from brown, olive to grey in colour, and can have irregular black/dark grey spotting, but patterning varies. Venomous Mulga snakes Pseudechis australis occur in a wide variety of habitats, northwards from Perth and Narrogin. They are quite robust, with a broad, deep head and bulbous cheeks. They can range from pale brown, dark olive to reddish-brown in colour, and darker snakes often have two-toned scales with a lighter colour that contrasts with the darker colour to produce a reticulated effect. The belly is cream to salmon-coloured. Venomous There are two subspecies of carpet pythons found in a large variety of habitats in WA: Morelia spilota imbricata occurs in the southwest and Morelia spilota variegata occurs in the Kimberley. They are 1-4m in length, tend to be pale to dark brown with black blotches that sometimes have a Carpet python.
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Venemous Snakes
WASAH WESTERN AUSTRALIAN SOCIETY of AMATEUR HERPETOLOGISTS (Inc) K E E P I N G A D V I C E S H E E T Venomous Snakes Southern Death Adder (Acanthophis Southern Death antarcticus) – Maximum length 100 cm. Adder Category 5. Desert Death Adder (Acanthophis pyrrhus) – Acanthophis antarcticus Maximum length 75 cm. Category 5. Pilbara Death Adder (Acanthophis wellsi) – Maximum length 70 cm. Category 5. Western Tiger Snake (Notechis scutatus) - Maximum length 160 cm. Category 5. Mulga Snake (Pseudechis australis) – Maximum length 300 cm. Category 5. Spotted Mulga Snake (Pseudechis butleri) – Maximum length 180 cm. Category 5. Dugite (Pseudonaja affinis affinis) – Maximum Desert Death Adder length 180 cm. Category 5. Acanthophis pyrrhus Gwardar (Pseudonaja nuchalis) – Maximum length 100 cm. Category 5. NOTE: All species listed here are dangerously venomous and are listed as Category 5. Only the experienced herpetoculturalist should consider keeping any of them. One must be over 18 years of age to hold a category 5 license. Maintaining a large elapid carries with 1 it a considerable responsibility. Unless you are Pilbara Death Adder confident that you can comply with all your obligations and licence requirements when Acanthophis wellsi keeping dangerous animals, then look to obtaining a non-venomous species instead. NATURAL HABITS: Venomous snakes occur in a wide variety of habitats and, apart from death adders, are highly mobile. All species are active day and night. HOUSING: In all species listed except death adders, one adult (to 150 cm total length) can be kept indoors in a lockable, top-ventilated, all glass or glass-fronted wooden vivarium of Western Tiger Snake at least 90 x 45 cm floor area.
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Does Urbanization Influence the Diet of a Large Snake?
Current Zoology, 2018, 64(3), 311–318 doi: 10.1093/cz/zox039 Advance Access Publication Date: 27 June 2017 Article Article Does urbanization influence the diet of a large snake? a, a b Ashleigh K. WOLFE *, Philip W. BATEMAN , and Patricia A. FLEMING aDepartment of Environment and Agriculture, Curtin University, Perth, Bentley, WA, 6102, Australia and bSchool of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia *Address correspondence to Ashleigh K. Wolfe. E-mail: [email protected] Received on 10 April 2017; accepted on 21 May 2017 Abstract Urbanization facilitates synanthropic species such as rodents, which benefit the diets of many preda- tors in cities. We investigated how urbanization affects the feeding ecology of dugites Pseudonaja affi- nis, a common elapid snake in south-west Western Australia. We predicted that urban snakes: 1) more frequently contain prey and eat larger meals, 2) eat proportionally more non-native prey, 3) eat a lower diversity of prey species, and 4) are relatively heavier, than non-urban dugites. We analyzed the diet of 453 specimens obtained from the Western Australian Museum and opportunistic road-kill collections. Correcting for size, sex, season, and temporal biases, we tested whether location influenced diet for our 4 predictions. Body size was a strong predictor of diet (larger snakes had larger prey present, a greater number of prey items, and a greater diversity of prey). We identified potential collection biases: urban dugites were relatively smaller (snout-vent length) than non-urban specimens, and females were relatively lighter than males. Accounting for these effects, urban snakes were less likely to have prey present in their stomachs and were relatively lighter than non-urban snakes.
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Taxonomy of the Genus Pseudonaja (Reptilia: Elapidae) in Australia
AUSTRALIAN BIODIVERSITY RECORD ________________________________________________________ 2002 (No 7) ISSN 1325-2992 March, 2002 ________________________________________________________ Taxonomy of the Genus Pseudonaja (Reptilia: Elapidae) in Australia. by Richard W. Wells “Shiralee”, Major West Road, Cowra, New South Wales, Australia The clear morphological differences that exist within the genus as previously considered strongly indicate that it is a polyphyletic assemblage. Accordingly, I have taken the step of formally proposing the fragmentation of Pseudonaja. In this work I have decided to restrict the genus Pseudonaja to the Pseudonaja nuchalis complex. Additionally, I herein formally resurrect from synonymy the generic name Euprepiosoma Fitzinger, 1860 for the textilis group of species, erect a new generic name (Placidaserpens gen. nov.) for the snakes previously regarded as Pseudonaja guttata, erect a new generic name (Notopseudonaja gen. nov.) for the group of species previously regarded as the Pseudonaja modesta complex, and erect a new generic name (Dugitophis gen. nov.) for snakes previously regarded as the Pseudonaja affinis complex. Genus Pseudonaja Gunther, 1858 The Pseudonaja nuchalis Complex It is usually reported that Pseudonaja nuchalis occurs across most of northern, central and western Australia, ranging from Cape York Peninsula, in the north-east, through western, southern and south-eastern Queensland, far western New South Wales, north-western Victoria, and most of South Australia, Northern Territory and Western Australia. However, this distribution pattern is now known to actually represents several different species all regarded by most authorities for convenience as the single highly variable species, 'Pseudonaja nuchalis'. As usually defined, this actually is a highly variable and therefore confusing group of species to identify and it is not all surprising that there has been difficulty in breaking up the group.
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Structure±Function Properties of Venom Components from Australian Elapids
PERGAMON Toxicon 37 (1999) 11±32 Review Structure±function properties of venom components from Australian elapids Bryan Grieg Fry * Peptide Laboratory, Centre for Drug Design and Development, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Qld, 4072, Australia Received 9 December 1997; accepted 4 March 1998 Abstract A comprehensive review of venom components isolated thus far from Australian elapids. Illustrated is that a tremendous structural homology exists among the components but this homology is not representative of the functional diversity. Further, the review illuminates the overlooked species and areas of research. # 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. 1. Introduction Australian elapids are well known to be the most toxic in the world, with all of the top ten and nineteen of the top 25 elapids with known LD50s residing exclusively on this continent (Broad et al., 1979). Thus far, three main types of venom components have been characterised from Australian elapids: prothrombin activating enzymes; lipases with a myriad of potent activities; and powerful peptidic neurotoxins. Many species have the prothrombin activating enzymes in their venoms, the vast majority contain phospholipase A2s and all Australian elapid venoms are suspected to contain peptidic neurotoxins. In addition to the profound neurological eects such as disorientation, ¯accid paralysis and respiratory failure, characteristic of bites by many species of Australian elapids is hemorrhaging and incoagulable blood. As a result, these elapids can be divided into two main classes: species with procoagulant venom (Table 1) and species with non-procoagulant venoms (Table 2) (Tan and * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. 0041-0101/98/$ - see front matter # 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd.
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Dugite Discovery SHY, SCALY PREDATOR Dugites Are Quite Common Around Perth and Are Most Likely to Be Seen During the Daytime in Warmer Months
ED!MAY 13, 2020 Dugite discovery SHY, SCALY PREDATOR Dugites are quite common around Perth and are most likely to be seen during the daytime in warmer months. They are one of the native species that have benefited from urbanisation, which has brought with it new food sources and places to shelter. Most snake bites that occur around Perth are from dugites. While they are generally shy, they will attack if they feel threatened. They are listed as the 13th most venomous snake in the world by the Australian Venom Research Unit. Turn to page 3 to find out more about this amazing reptile. EXPERIMENT WITH EGGS TO LEARN ABOUT TOOTH DECAY. P4 INE MAR t MEDIAs momen matter SCIENCE MIXED LAB BAG ure GET creat thy FEATURE heal ED! • 2 Maths & English Wednesday, May 13, 2020 MATHS IN minds NumbatFOCUS numbers EQUATIONS Race around the track to help the numbat find a feast of termites. Along the way, colourINE in all of the blocks that are equivalent to the magic numberMAR at the centre.t start MEDIA s mSTEMomen 1+4 4+4 2+1 3+0 everydaymatter Hint: There are 10 iny total, and they get harder the further you go. here ENGLISH pla Challenge yourself: q Try it without a calculator. q Set a time limit and try to beat it. q Try finishing quickly by estimating answers to see which are most 60÷10 15÷5 27-24 122-114 6+5 likely to be right. SCIENCE MIpXEDle & LAB peoBAGES FRACTIONPLAC ACTION Draw lines to match the fractions below to their equivalent values.
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Ontogenetic Shift in Diet of a Large Elapid Snake Is Facilitated by Allometric Change in Skull Morphology
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Everywhere and Nowhere
Landscapes: the Journal of the International Centre for Landscape and Language Volume 4 Issue 2 Sustainabilia Article 14 January 2011 Everywhere and Nowhere Liana Christensen Follow this and additional works at: https://ro.ecu.edu.au/landscapes Part of the Photography Commons Recommended Citation Christensen, L. (2011). Everywhere and Nowhere. Landscapes: the Journal of the International Centre for Landscape and Language, 4(2). Retrieved from https://ro.ecu.edu.au/landscapes/vol4/iss2/14 This Article (non-refereed) is posted at Research Online. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/landscapes/vol4/iss2/14 Christensen: Everywhere and Nowhere Edith Cowan University School of Communications and Arts Centre for Research in Entertainment, Arts, Technology, Education & Communications The International Centre for Landscape and Language Landscapes ISSN 1448-0778 EVERYWHERE AND NOWHERE Liana Christensen In 1788 Europeans arrived here to stay. Since then, between eighteen and twenty mammal species have been lost, depending on who‘s counting. Gone, too, are the Paradise Parrot and the Dwarf Emu. Alarmingly high numbers of animal (and plant) species hover just this side of oblivion. Not infrequently in Australia‘s natural history the first sighting of an animal by a colonial collector is followed fairly swiftly by a long disappearance. Very few come back. For the most part, expanding populations of exotic predators and feral competitors, combined with shrinking islands of natural habitats mean that the average Australian has few chances to experience firsthand even the commonest creatures of this continent. These days, the closest many people come to direct contact with an indigenous mammal is via the roo bars on their oversized four-wheel-drive vehicles.
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Highly Classified Years 11-12
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Fauna Assessment
Fauna Assessment South Capel May 2018 V4 On behalf of: Iluka Resources Limited 140 St Georges Terrace PERTH WA 6000 Prepared by: Greg Harewood Zoologist PO Box 755 BUNBURY WA 6231 M: 0402 141 197 E: [email protected] FAUNA ASSESSMENT – SOUTH CAPEL –– MAY 2018 – V4 TABLE OF CONTENTS SUMMARY 1. INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................... 1 2. SCOPE OF WORKS ................................................................................................ 1 3. METHODS ............................................................................................................... 2 3.1 POTENTIAL FAUNA INVENTORY - LITERATURE REVIEW ................................. 2 3.1.1 Database Searches ....................................................................................... 2 3.1.2 Previous Fauna Surveys in the Area ............................................................. 2 3.1.3 Fauna of Conservation Significance .............................................................. 4 3.1.4 Invertebrate Fauna of Conservation Significance .......................................... 5 3.1.5 Likelihood of Occurrence – Fauna of Conservation Significance .................. 5 3.1.6 Taxonomy and Nomenclature ........................................................................ 6 3.2 SITE SURVEYS ....................................................................................................... 7 3.2.1 Fauna Habitat Assessment ...........................................................................
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Snakes of the Perth Metropolitan Area by G
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