Emotions: What We Feel, Why We Feel, and How to Change Our Feelings
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Does Self-Reported Posttraumatic Growth Translate Into Friend Ratings of Improvement?
That’s Not What Your Friends Say: Does Self-reported Posttraumatic Growth Translate into Friend Ratings of Improvement? Laura Goorin Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Doctor of Philosophy degree Under the Executive Committee of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, Columbia University 2011 © 2011 Laura Goorin All Rights Reserved ABSTRACT That’s Not What Your Friends Say: Does Self-reported Posttraumatic Growth Translate into Friend Ratings of Improvement? Laura Goorin Posttraumatic growth (PTG) is a prolific construct under study within both trauma and positive psychology literature alike. Many of these studies rely predominantly on cross-sectional, retrospective self-report data. Recent studies have attempted to subject PTG to more rigorous scientific standards of measurement. In this study, we examined posttraumatic growth measured longitudinally among survivors of the September 11 th , 2001 terrorist attack, in order to explore whether participants’ reports of posttraumatic growth were associated with, supported or contradicted by friend ratings of improvement. In this context, participant-reported posttraumatic growth was consistently linked with friend ratings of deteriorating functioning, providing evidence that posttraumatic growth is undermined by friend ratings. These findings suggest that self-reported PTG may inadequately predict functioning as rated by alternative, more objective measures, and that PTG may reflect negative psychological adjustment. TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction…………………………………………………………………………. -
Don't Just Lead Your People Through Trauma. Help Them Grow
REPRINT H05USD PUBLISHED ON HBR.ORG SEPTEMBER 14, 2020 ARTICLE LEADERSHIP & MANAGING PEOPLE Don’t Just Lead Your People Through Trauma. Help Them Grow. by Jamil Zaki This article is licensed for your personal use. Further posting, copying, or distribution is not permitted. Copyright Harvard Business Publishing. All rights reserved. Please contact [email protected] or 800 988 0886 for additional copies. LEADERSHIP & MANAGING PEOPLE Don’t Just Lead Your People Through Trauma. Help Them Grow. by Jamil Zaki SEPTEMBER 14, 2020 IMAGE SOURCE/GETTY IMAGES The last several months have stacked painful experiences on top of each other: a global pandemic, economic collapse, and new reminders of perennial racial injustice and police violence. This July, rates of depression and anxiety in the U.S. were more than triple those of early 2019. The simple question, “How are you?” has turned into an emotional minefield. COPYRIGHT © 2020 HARVARD BUSINESS SCHOOL PUBLISHING CORPORATION. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 2 This article is licensed for your personal use. Further posting, copying, or distribution is not permitted. Copyright Harvard Business Publishing. All rights reserved. Please contact [email protected] or 800 988 0886 for additional copies. Workplaces are saturated with trauma, too, and leaders are agonizing over how to keep their teams healthy as everyone works remotely and juggles any number of stressors. The science of trauma offers some insight about this moment, and some surprising hope: Instead of asking how we will recover from these painful times, we should ask how we will be changed by them. In many cases, we have an opportunity to change for the better. -
HOW PEOPLE LEARN to BECOME RESILIENT by Maria Konnikova, FEBRUARY 11, 2016
MARIA KONNIKOVA HOW PEOPLE LEARN TO BECOME RESILIENT By Maria Konnikova, FEBRUARY 11, 2016 Perception is key to resilience: Do you conceptualize an event as traumatic, or as a chance to learn and grow? Norman Garmezy, a developmental psychologist and clinician at the University of Minnesota, met thousands of children in his four decades of research. But one boy in particular stuck with him. He was nine years old, with an alcoholic mother and an absent father. Each day, he would arrive at school with the exact same sandwich: two slices of bread with nothing in between. At home, there was no other food available, and no one to make any. Even so, Garmezy would later recall, the boy wanted to make sure that “no one would feel pity for him and no one would know the ineptitude of his mother.” Each day, without fail, he would walk in with a smile on his face and a “bread sandwich” tucked into his bag. The boy with the bread sandwich was part of a special group of children. He belonged to a cohort of kids—the first of many— whom Garmezy would go on to identify as succeeding, even excelling, despite incredibly difficult circumstances. These were the children who exhibited a trait Garmezy would later identify as “resilience.” (He is widely credited with being the first to study the concept in an experimental setting.) Over many years, Garmezy would visit schools across the country, focussing on those in economically depressed areas, and follow a standard protocol. He would set up meetings with the principal, along with a school social worker or nurse, and pose the same question: Were there any children whose backgrounds had initially raised red flags—kids who seemed likely to become problem kids—who had instead become, surprisingly, a source of pride? “What I was saying was, ‘Can you identify stressed children who are making it here in your school?’ “ Garmezy said, in a 1999 interview. -
Trajectories of Resilience and Dysfunction Following Potential Trauma: a T Review and Statistical Evaluation ⁎ Isaac R
Clinical Psychology Review 63 (2018) 41–55 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Clinical Psychology Review journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/clinpsychrev Review Trajectories of resilience and dysfunction following potential trauma: A T review and statistical evaluation ⁎ Isaac R. Galatzer-Levya, , Sandy H. Huangb, George A. Bonannob a NYU School of Medicine, United States b Columbia University, United States HIGHLIGHTS • A review of n = 54 studies demonstrates that resilience is the modal response to major life stressors and potential trauma. • Resilience, recovery, chronicity, and delayed onset were consistently identified adjustment outcome trajectories. • Pattern stability across contextual factors indicates that the trajectories are likely phenotypic human stress responses. • Trait and state factors associated with trajectory membership have implications for risk identification and interventions. • Trajectory models provide a robust methodology to study clinically relevant responses to stress and potential trauma. ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: Given the rapid proliferation of trajectory-based approaches to study clinical consequences to stress and po- Aversive event tentially traumatic events (PTEs), there is a need to evaluate emerging findings. This review examined con- Depression vergence/divergences across 54 studies in the nature and prevalence of response trajectories, and determined Heterogeneity potential sources of bias to improve future research. Of the 67 cases that emerged from the 54 studies, the most Latent growth mixture modeling consistently observed trajectories following PTEs were resilience (observed in: n = 63 cases), recovery (n = 49), PTSD chronic (n = 47), and delayed onset (n = 22). The resilience trajectory was the modal response across studies Stress Trajectory (average of 65.7% across populations, 95% CI [0.616, 0.698]), followed in prevalence by recovery (20.8% [0.162, 0.258]), chronicity (10.6%, [0.086, 0.127]), and delayed onset (8.9% [0.053, 0.133]). -
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder
SEIZING AN ALTERNATIVE Toward an Ecological Civilization June 4-7, 2015 Section IX: Reimagining and Reinventing Bodily-Spiritual Health Dimensions of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (Western Perspective) Bob Ireland, MD, DMin, MA, BS Dimensions of PTSD • Biological Memory Enhancement and Fear Conditioning: A Model of PTSD Specific environmental features (conditioned stimuli) may be linked to a traumatic event (unconditioned stimuli) such that re-exposure to a similar environment produces a recurrence of the symptoms of anxiety & fear. Dennis Charney, Psychobiological Mechanisms of Resilience and Vulnerability: Implications for Successful Adaptation to Extreme Stress, Am J Psychiatry 161:2, Feb 2004 Memory Modulation is Adaptive • Mammals can store memories with higher strength according to the importance of the experience Roger Pitman, Biol Psychiatry, 1989; 26:221-223 Memory Modulation is Adaptive Neuro-modulators enhance memory consolidation & reinforce extinction-resistant conditioned responses Roger Pitman, Biol Psychiatry, 1989; 26:221-223 Failure to consolidate memories may decrease intensity of conditioned responses Roger Pitman, Biol Psychiatry, 1989; 26:221-223 In response to stress & panic, Locus Coeruleus neurons release the neurotransmitter, norepinephrine (NE) to several parts of the brain. (quick response) In addition, the adrenal glands slowly release NE into the bloodstream (sustained response) Roger Pitman, Biol Psychiatry, 1989; 26:221-223 and David Nutt, J Clin Psych 2000;61(supl 5)24-29 Norepinephrine from the locus -
From Jungian Attitude-Types to a Comprehensive Model of Diseases
ISSN: 2577 - 8005 Review Article Medical & Clinical Research From Jungian Attitude-Types to a Comprehensive Model of Diseases Marco Balenci Psychoanalyst (AIPA-IAAP), Florence, Italy *Corresponding author Marco Balenci, Florence, Italy. [email protected] American Psychological Association (APA), Washington, D.C.; Italian Association of Analytical Psychology (AIPA), Rome; International Association for Analytical Psychology (IAAP), Zurich Submitted: 03 May 2020; Accepted: 09 May 2020; Published: 18 May 2020 Abstract This review discusses the pair of opposites named introversion and extraversion by Swiss psychiatrist Carl Gustav Jung in its biological foundation and psychosomatic implications. Jung’s typology was the reference for Elida Evans’ book on cancer in 1926, which would be the basis of American psycho-oncology and of a holistic approach to cancer patients. It is shown that introversion and extraversion have been widely used in psychology and psychiatry, even without any reference to Jung. Moreover, these concepts have been used for somatic illnesses. In 1990, independently of each other, George A. Bonanno and Jerome L. Singer of Yale University (USA) and Marco Balenci of Sapienza University of Rome (Italy) conceived two similar comprehensive models of diseases - both in their physical and psychic aspects - based on the psychophysical balance of opposite attitudes. Persistent dualism in Western medicine may explain the lack of development of these models. Actually, this kind of model derives from a holistic view, which was advocated by George L. Engel in the United States, giving relevance to biopsychosocial factors. Despite the increasing discoveries of psychoneuroimmunology and developmental psychobiology can provide a new scientific impetus to the individual-as-a-whole, this perspective still has greater convergence with Eastern medicine Keywords: Diseases Classification, Holistic Medicine, Personal- the schizophrenic is focused only on himself [4]. -
Disaster-Related Bereavement: a Study of Long-Term Mental Health Effects and Interventions
Disaster-related bereavement: A study of long-term mental health effects and interventions Pål Kristensen Norwegian Centre for Violence and Traumatic Stress Studies Thesis submitted for the Degree of Dr. philos., Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 2012 © Pål Kristensen, 2012 Series of dissertations submitted to the Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo No. 1371 ISBN 978-82-8264-362-7 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without permission. Cover: Inger Sandved Anfinsen. Printed in Norway: AIT Oslo AS. Produced in co-operation with Unipub. The thesis is produced by Unipub merely in connection with the thesis defence. Kindly direct all inquiries regarding the thesis to the copyright holder or the unit which grants the doctorate. CONTENTS Acknowledgments .................................................................................................................. 1 List of papers .......................................................................................................................... 3 Abbreviations ......................................................................................................................... 4 1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................ 5 1.1 Bereavement, grief, and mourning ................................................................................... 5 1.2 Why conduct research on bereavement and disasters? ................................................... -
Coping Flexibility and Complicated Grief: a Comparison of American and Chinese Samples
DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY 29: 16–22 (2012) Research Article COPING FLEXIBILITY AND COMPLICATED GRIEF: A COMPARISON OF AMERICAN AND CHINESE SAMPLES Ã Charles L. Burton, B.A.,1 Oscar H. Yan, M.A.,1 Ruth Pat-Horenczyk, Ph.D.,2 Ide S.F. Chan, Psy.D.,3 Samuel Ho, Ph.D.,4 and George A. Bonanno, Ph.D.1 Background: The ability to process a death and the ability to remain optimistic and look beyond the loss are both thought to be effective means of coping with loss and other aversive events. Recently, these seemingly contrary dimensions have been integrated into the idea of coping flexibility. Methods: In this study, we assessed the ability of married and bereaved individuals in the United States and Hong Kong to use both coping approaches as operationalized by the trauma- focused and forward-focused coping scales of a previously validated question- naire. We also calculated a single flexibility score. Results: Bereaved participants reported greater trauma-focused coping ability than did married participants. However, bereaved participants meeting criteria for complicated grief (CG) reported less forward-focused coping than both asymptomatic bereaved and married participants. The CG group also showed less overall coping flexibility than the asymptomatic bereaved and married groups. Country was not a factor. Conclusions: Findings suggest that deficits in coping flexibility are indicative of pathology in bereaved individuals, and that this relationship extends across cultures. Limitations of the study and directions for future research are discussed. Depression and Anxiety 29:16–22, 2012. r 2011 Wiley-Liss, Inc. Key words: coping skills; grief; cross-cultural comparison; social adjustment; life stress INTRODUCTION Even more recently, a third perspective has emerged that emphasizes both approaches[4] and integrates these Theories about how people cope with potentially themes in the idea of coping flexibility.[5–7] According traumatic life events (PTE) emphasize two seemingly to this perspective, focusing on the PTE or focusing contradictory approaches. -
PSYC 3131 – HUMAN EMOTION Professor June Gruber Fall 2019
PSYC 3131 – HUMAN EMOTION Professor June Gruber Fall 2019 *Syllabus subject to change. Check Canvas for up-to-date information* Course Information When: Tues 3:30-6:00pm Where: MUEN E431 Course Website: http://www.gruberpeplab.com/teaching/psych3131_fall2019/ Class Twitter: https://twitter.com/psych3131 (@psych3131) Instructor Information Professor June Gruber, Ph.D. Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Director, Positive Emotion and Psychopathology Laboratory Office Hrs: Tuesday 1:00-3:00pm (email 24 hrs in advance if planning to attend) Location: MUEN D321C E-mail: [email protected] Note: Please include “PSYC 3131” in subject line. You will receive an answer or acknowledgement within 24 hours (on normal business days). Course Description and Objectives Welcome! This course will introduce students to a diverse array of theoretical and empirical issues related to the study of human emotion. Some questions the course will address include: What are our emotions? What purpose do they serve? How do emotions relate to our thoughts, memories, and behaviors towards others? What happens when our emotional responses go awry? Although these questions date back to early philosophical texts, only recently have experimental psychologists begun to explore this vast and exciting domain of study. The course will begin by discussing the evolutionary origins of distinct emotions such as love, anger, fear, and disgust. We will ask how emotions might color our cognitive processes such as thinking and memory, emotion and the brain, development of emotions in childhood, and how emotions shape our social relationships. We will also consider how these methods can be applied to studying mental illness in both children and adults. -
Paul K. Piff 9/2017 1
Paul K. Piff 9/2017 1 PAUL K. PIFF Curriculum Vitae Department of Psychology and Social Behavior Office: 4324 SBSG 4324 Social and Behavioral Sciences Gateway Phone: (949) 824-9362 University of California, Irvine Fax: (949) 824-3002 Irvine, CA [email protected] 92697-7085 paulpiff.wix.com/paulpiff ACADEMIC POSITIONS HELD AND EDUCATION University of California, Irvine Assistant Professor of Psychology and Social Behavior (July 2014- current) University of California, Berkeley Post-doctoral scholar (June 2012-June 2014) University of California, Berkeley Ph.D. in Psychology (May 2012) Dissertation: On wealth and wrongdoing: How social class influences unethical behavior (Dacher Keltner, Chair) ***First Prize APA Social Issues Dissertation Award University of California, Berkeley M.A. in Psychology (May 2008) Reed College B.A. in Psychology (January 2004) EDITORIAL POSITIONS Editorial Review Boards Emotion (guest associate editor) (2016-current) Social Issues and Policy Review (2015-current) RESEARCH INTERESTS Social Hierarchy, Inequality, Emotion, Groups, Prosocial Behavior, Morality, Uncertainty HONORS AND AWARDS 2017 Fellow, Society of Experimental Social Psychology 2016 Rising Star, Association for Psychological Science Paul K. Piff 9/2017 2 2015 Emerging Leadership in Psychology, American Psychological Association (APA) Committee on Socioeconomic Status 2012 First Prize, Society for the Psychological Study of Social Issues (SPSSI) Dissertation Award, Division 9 of the American Psychological Association 2011 Outstanding Graduate Student Instructor, UC Berkeley 2010 Society for Personality and Social Psychology (SPSP) Student Travel Award 2008-2011 National Science Foundation (NSF) Graduate Research Fellowship 2008-2010 NSF IGERT Program in Politics, Economics, Psychology and Public Policy Fellowship 2007 Diebold Fellowship, UC Berkeley 2004 Phi Beta Kappa, Reed College 2001-2004 Commendations for Academic Excellence, Reed College 2001-2003 Henry W. -
Final Program
SAS Conference § 2015 § Oakland, CA, USA April 9-11, 2015 SOCIETY FOR AFFECTIVE SCIENCE Second Annual Conference § 2015 Final Program Thursday, April 9th Pre-Conference Workshops 4:30 p.m.-7:00 p.m. (separate registration required for Pre-Conference Workshops) East 1 Opening Session 8:00 a.m.-4:00 p.m. Welcome: Room OCC202 Lisa Feldman Barrett, SAS President Emotional and Health Consequences of Early Life Adversity 4:40 p.m.-5:40 p.m. Chair: Richard Lane East 1 Invited Address: 9:00 a.m.-4:00 p.m. Neural Circuits for the Regulation of Emotion and Stress Room OCC210 and Risk for Mental Illness Pattern Recognition in Affective Neuroscience Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg, University of Heidelberg Chair: Tor Wager Introduced by Joshua Buckholtz, Harvard University 9:00 a.m.-4:00 p.m. 5:45 pm-7:00 pm Room OCC208 East 1 Positive Emotions Panel Discussion: Chair: June Gruber Charles Carver, University of Miami Phoebe Ellsworth, University of Michigan 12:00 noon-7:00 p.m. Dacher Keltner, University of California Berkeley East Foyer Gerald Clore, University of Virginia Registration 7:00 p.m.-8:30 p.m. 4:00 p.m.-6:00 p.m. East 2 East Foyer Reception/Cash Bar and Poster Session A Exhibitor Check-In PAGE 1 SAS Conference § 2015 § Oakland, CA, USA April 9-11, 2015 Friday, April 10th 7:30 a.m.-6:00 p.m. 12:45 p.m.-2:00 p.m. East Foyer Area Restaurants (see your ticket for location) Registration Lunch Break–Methods Based Thematic Lunches Organizer: Greg Siegle, University of Pittsburgh 8:00 a.m.-4:00 p.m. -
RAO BULLETIN 15 October 2017
RAO BULLETIN 15 October 2017 PDF Edition THIS RETIREE ACTIVITIES OFFICE BULLETIN CONTAINS THE FOLLOWING ARTICLES Pg Article Subject . * DOD * . 05 == Misbehaving Generals ---- (New Emphasis On Senior Leaders Is Needed) 06 == Transgender Lawsuits [01] ---- (DoJ Asking for Dismissal) 07 == Operation Troop Treats ---- (Halloween Candy Exchange) 08 == Operation Gratitude ---- (Troop Support) 08 == Cold War Radiation Testing ---- (Scholar Alleges Unsuspecting People Tested) 09 == Camp Pendleton ---- (Significant Deficiencies Found In Water Supply) 10 == Guam [02] ---- (DoD Asked to Halt Military Construction) 10 == USS Cole Attack [01] ---- (Slow Pace of Trying Alleged Terrorist) 11 == Military Star Credit Card [01] ---- (Commissary Use Authorized) 12 == Military Star Credit Card [02] ---- (Card Use Facts) 13 == WWI Commemorative Coin ---- (100th Anniversary of the End of WWI) 13 == DoD Fraud, Waste, & Abuse ---- (Reported 01 thru 15 OCT 2017) 15 == POW/MIA Recoveries ---- (Reported 01 thru 15 OCT 2017 | Twenty-Two) 1 . * VA * . 17 == VA Rating Criteria ---- (Review & Update | Dental and Oral Conditions) 18 == VA Individual Unemployability [04] ---- (No Cuts in 2018) 18 == VA Secret Agreements ---- (Staff Mistake and Misdeed Concealment) 20 == VA Prosthetics [18] ---- (Possible $256.7 Million Overpayment by VHA) 21 == VA Home Loan [51] ---- (Appraiser Shortage Impacting Vets Adversely) 22 == GI Bill [240] ---- (Retail Ready Career Center Loses Eligibility) 23 == GI Bill [241] ---- (Ethics Law suspension Averted) 24 == GI Bill [242] ---- (Flight