Emotions: What We Feel, Why We Feel, and How to Change Our Feelings Presented by June Gruber, Ph.D. Assistant Professor at University of Colorado Boulder Departments of Psychology and Neuroscience and Director of the Positive Emotion and Psychopathology Laboratory Disclosure Dr. June Gruber, the presenting speakers, nor the activity planners of this program are aware of any actual, potential or perceived conflict of interest Sponsored by Institute for Brain Potential PO Box 2238 Los Banos, CA 93635 COURSE OBJECTIVES Participants completing the new program should be able to: 1. Distinguish between emotions, moods, and thoughts. 2. Describe ways that emotions benefit psychological health, well-being and survival. 3. Compare and contrast beneficial and adverse forms of mood regulation. 4. List different ways emotions can be regulated and what are their consequences for our psychological health and clinical disorders. Policies and Procedures 1. Questions are encouraged. 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Post webcast materials are available for each participant at the following URLs: Live Webcast Evaluation: http://www.ibpceu.com/content/pdf/emotions-s18-eval.pdf On-Demand Webcast Evaluation: http://www.ibpceu.com/content/pdf/emotions-s18-dl-eval.pdf All licensed health professionals are required to complete all pages. Please transmit by Saturday, August 4, 2018. 7. IMPORTANT: Your certificate of completion will be available by email, mail or fax following receipt of your fully completed evaluation form. If you request the certificate by mail, it will be mailed within 2 business days upon receipt of your fully completed evaluation form. In the unlikely event that you lose your certificate, please send your request in writing and a check for $20 payable to IBP at PO Box 2238, Los Banos, CA 93635, email [email protected], or call 866 -652-7414. IBP is a nonprofit scientific and educational organization dedicated to promoting advances in behavioral medicine. IBP is entirely supported by the tuition it charges for its seminars and the sale of educational materials. Neither IBP, its planning committee, nor any of its instructors has a material or financial interest with any entity, product, or service mentioned in the seminar unless such relationship is disclosed at the beginning of the program. The information presented is of a general nature. For specific advice, please consult a specialist in your area. Emotions What we feel, why we feel, and how to change our feelings Dr. June Gruber Positive Emotion & Psychopathology Laboratory University of Colorado Boulder Current Lab Interests 1. Risk for emotion disturbance in emerging adults 2. Emotion difficulties — behavior, brain activity (EEG, fMRI) , physiology, and hormones — in mood disorders. 3. Psychosocial interventions to treat mood disorders What about positive emotions? Can emotion go awry? Roadmap Workshop Overview Part 1: Understanding Emotions Part 2: Emotion Regulation Part 3: Positive Emotions Part 4: Emotions and Mental Illness Roadmap Tentative Schedule 9:00-11:30 Part 1: Understanding Emotions Morning Break Part 2: Emotion Regulation 11:30-12:30 Lunch Break 12:30-4:00 Part 3: Positive Emotions Afternoon Break Part 4: Emotions and Mental Illness Check-In In your opinion, which of the following “themes” best describes mania (i.e., bipolar disorder)? a) Extreme b) Absence c) Disjunction d) Other Experts In Emotion Available Freely: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8PHMR-U9R-g&list=PLh9mgdi4rNew731mjIZn43G_Y5otqKzJA Experts in Emotion John Allen James Coan Jutta Joormann Lisa Parr Jo-Anne Bachorowski Leda Cosmides Jerome Kagan Steven Pinker Michael Bailey Ronald Dahl Dacher Keltner David Pizarro John Bargh Richard Davidson Brian Knutson David Rand Lisa Feldman Barrett David DeSteno Hedy Kober Jonathan Rottenberg Roy Baumeister Nancy Eisenberg Ann Kring Laurie Santos Arturo Bejar Naomi Eisenberger Marianne LaFrance Greg Siegle Kent Berridge Paul Ekman Jennifer Lerner Leah Somerville Wendy Berry Mendes Barbara Fredrickson Robert Levenson Maya Tamir George Bonanno Daniel Gilbert Iris Mauss June Tangney John Cacioppo Ian Gotlib Pranjal Mehta John Tooby Joseph Campos James Gross Douglas Mennin Jeanne Tsai Laura Carstensen Jonathan Haidt Judith Moskowitz Jessica Tracy Yulia Chentsova Dutton Matthew Hertenstein Michael Norton Tor Wager Margaret Clark Derek Isaacowitz Kevin Ochsner David Watson Gerald Clore Sheri Johnson Jaak Panksepp Jamil Zaki Experts In Emotion Dr. Ian Gotlib Professor of Psychology Stanford University Depression and Emotion: Adolescents Experts In Emotion Dr. Sheri Johnson Professor of Psychology University of California, Berkeley Emotion and Bipolar Disorder Experts In Emotion Dr. Daniel Gilbert Professor of Psychology Harvard University Happiness “The most beautiful thing we can experience is the mysterious. It is the fundamental emotion that stands at the cradle of true art and true science.” - Albert Einstein Learning Objectives 1. Distinguish between emotions, moods, and thoughts, 2. Describe ways that emotions benefit psychological health, well-being and survival. Roadmap Part 1: Understanding Emotions What is an emotion? What is its function? Take-Away Questions Valence: Positive, Eliciting or Negative, intentional or Neutral object Emotion Enables Multi- pursuit of Component important Response goals Ekman: 6 criteria 1. Brief 2. Unbidden 3. Cross-Species 4. Coherent 5. Fast 6. Automatic appraisal/evaluation Paul Ekman UCSF Ekman: 6 criteria Is this a sufficient explanation? Brief Unbidden Cross-species Coherent Fast Automatic appraisal/evaluation Paul Ekman UCSF Features Components Criteria Function Emotions evolutionarily evolved, serve survival purpose 1st Scientific Treatment of Emotion Includes survey data Observations of healthy and mentally ill individuals Personal anecdotes (e.g., grief expressions in Darwin’s own family after death) Fear Recurrent Evolutionary Hearing cues associated with predator Fear Situation This is unsafe This is dangerous Appraisal Don’t attack! Behavior FLIGHT-or-fight reaction Increased blood flow to Physiology periphery, Increased oxygen volume Function Escape predator, Safety, Defend FEAR SADNESS DISGUST ANGER HAPPY SURPRISE Recurrent Loss of something valued Evolutionary (person/object/place) Sadnes Situation s I need comfort Appraisal I miss that Motor slowing and retardation Behavior Withdrawal Increased heart rate, breathing Physiology Lacrimal glands (tears) Motivated to avoid future loss and change Function circumstances Elicits social support Recurrent Encounter potential poison or contaminant. Evolutionary Universal elicitors (feces, urine, blood, Disgust Situation vomit, flesh) This is unhealthy Appraisal This is unsafe Repel and distance oneself from disgust Behavior stimuli Characteristic facial expression Physiology Vagus nerve stimulation (digestion) Function Repel substance away from body Recurrent Evolutionary Attempt to attain a goal thwarted or stymied Anger Situation You (or it) are in the way of what I want Appraisal I’m going to attack You are doing something wrong Behavior Flight-or-FIGHT reaction Increased blood flow to Physiology periphery, Increased oxygen volume Confront and eliminate person/thing in way Function of goal or committing wrongdoing Recurrent Potential rewards and opportunities are Evolutionary available (e.g., food, mate, resource) Happy Situation I like that/I want that Appraisal I’m friendly Incentive-seeking behavior Behavior Affiliative orientation Increased physiological arousal and/or Physiology Increased vagal tone Motivate energy to acquire and attain Function potential reward, or establish relationship Recurrent Evolutionary Something unexpected arises Surprise Situation What is that? Appraisal Look over there! Behavior Energy mobilization, attentional focus Increased blood flow to Physiology periphery, Increased oxygen volume Evaluate change in environment,