DOCSLIB.ORG

Post Traumatic Stress Disorder

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder SEIZING AN ALTERNATIVE Toward an Ecological Civilization June 4-7, 2015 Section IX: Reimagining and Reinventing Bodily-Spiritual Health Dimensions of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (Western Perspective) Bob Ireland, MD, DMin, MA, BS Dimensions of PTSD • Biological Memory Enhancement and Fear Conditioning: A Model of PTSD Specific environmental features (conditioned stimuli) may be linked to a traumatic event (unconditioned stimuli) such that re-exposure to a similar environment produces a recurrence of the symptoms of anxiety & fear. Dennis Charney, Psychobiological Mechanisms of Resilience and Vulnerability: Implications for Successful Adaptation to Extreme Stress, Am J Psychiatry 161:2, Feb 2004 Memory Modulation is Adaptive • Mammals can store memories with higher strength according to the importance of the experience Roger Pitman, Biol Psychiatry, 1989; 26:221-223 Memory Modulation is Adaptive Neuro-modulators enhance memory consolidation & reinforce extinction-resistant conditioned responses Roger Pitman, Biol Psychiatry, 1989; 26:221-223 Failure to consolidate memories may decrease intensity of conditioned responses Roger Pitman, Biol Psychiatry, 1989; 26:221-223 In response to stress & panic, Locus Coeruleus neurons release the neurotransmitter, norepinephrine (NE) to several parts of the brain. (quick response) In addition, the adrenal glands slowly release NE into the bloodstream (sustained response) Roger Pitman, Biol Psychiatry, 1989; 26:221-223 and David Nutt, J Clin Psych 2000;61(supl 5)24-29 Norepinephrine from the locus coeruleus activates the amygdalae (rapid effect) as does Norepinephrine from adrenal medullae (sustained effect) Roger Pitman, Biol Psychiatry, 1989; 26:221-223 and David Nutt, J Clin Psych 2000;61(supl 5)24-29 Catacholamines (as NE) stimulate peripheral afferent vagal beta- receptors (80% of vagus nerve fibers are “Northbound”) Roger Pitman, Biol Psychiatry, 1989; 26:221-223 and David Nutt, J Clin Psych 2000;61(supl 5)24-29 Vagal afferents innervate the Nucleus Tractus Solitarius (NTS) Roger Pitman, Biol Psychiatry, 1989; 26:221-223 and David Nutt, J Clin Psych 2000;61(supl 5)24-29 NE NTS NE Vagus NTS fibers also innervate Amygdala via NE From www at: http://www.driesen.com/Copy_of_limbicsystempic.jpg on 13 Aug 05 Detecting and Encoding Memories David Nutt, J Clin Psych 2000;61(supl 5)24-29 Memory: Excitatory > Inhibitory Flow In most neurons, there is a balance between excitatory (glutamate) and inhibitory (GABA) transmission When excitatory transmission occurs, Ca enters the neuron triggering phosphorylation of protein kinases leading to long-term synaptic changes which induce memory and sensitization David Nutt, J Clin Psych 2000;61(supl 5)24-29 Examples of Enhanced Memories • Encounters with snakes • Witnessing trauma • Assaults • MVA Examples of Enhanced Memories Encountering bodies Motor Vehicle Accidents Early Childhood Sexual/Physical Abuse Lasting Changes in Stress Response ACTH Cortisol Heart Rate Christine Heim, JAMA, Aug 2, 2000, Vol 284, No 5 Influence of life stress on depression: moderation by a polymorphism in 5-HTT gene Caspi A, Sugden K, Moffitt TE, Taylor A, Craig IW, Harrington H, McClay J, Mill J, Martin J, Braithwaite A, Poulton R. Medical Research Council Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry Research Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, PO80 De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK. Science. 2003 Jul 18;301(5631):386-9 ABSTRACT In a prospective-longitudinal study of a representative birth cohort, we tested why stressful experiences lead to depression in some people but not in others. A functional polymorphism in the promoter region of the serotonin transporter (5-HT T) gene was found to moderate the influence of stressful life events on depression. Individuals with one or two copies of the short allele of the 5-HT T promoter polymorphism exhibited more depressive symptoms, diagnosable depression, and suicidality in relation to stressful life events than individuals homozygous for the long allele. This epidemiological study thus provides evidence of a gene-by-environment interaction, in which an individual's response to environmental insults is moderated by his or her genetic makeup. Dimensions of PTSD • Diagnostic Criteria Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5th Edition, American Psychiatric Association, 2013 DSM-5 Criteria for PTSD DSM-5 Criteria for PTSD DSM-5 Criteria for PTSD DSM-5 Criteria for PTSD DSM-5 Criteria for PTSD Problems w/DSM-5 Criteria • DSM-5 PTSD definition no longer requires people to feel “traumatized” at first exposure • Patients who report a severe trauma may receive this diagnosis whether or not symptoms are actually related to the event • It is unclear regarding the extent to which PTSD is a reaction to trauma, as opposed to uncovering of a temperamental vulnerability to stress…. It is well established that most people exposed to trauma, even severe trauma, never develop PTSD, and those who do usually have past symptomatology. The Intelligent Clinician’s Guide to DSM-5, Joel Paris Oxford University Press, 2013, pp. 125-128. PTSD Review Psychological Constructs PTSD and Spiritual Injury PTSD Spiritual Dimensions http://www.ptsd.va.gov/professional/provider-type/community/fs-spirituality.asp Primary Prevention of PTSD • Eliminate all injurious activities • Eliminate the practice of organized, armed conflict Jonathan Shay, MD, PhD Primary Prevention of PTSD • Eliminate/reduce domestic violence • Earthquake/storm-”proof” all buildings • Enhance safety of all mass transit • Take all violent criminals off streets • Et cetera Secondary Prevention of PTSD --After the Disaster-- Possible Protection From PTSD • Loss of consciousness (e.g. coma) • Those “knocked out” by the trauma may be protected from PTSD, especially if they recover in an area where trauma is not witnessed • Memories not encoded David Nutt, J Clin Psych 2000;61(supl 5)24-29 Possible Protection From PTSD • After spine trauma who is more likely to develop PTSD? A paraplegic or quadriplegic? Possible Protection From PTSD • PTSD researchers have noted those intoxicated during an MVA seldom develop PTSD • Catecholamine toxicity may not occur Roger Pitman et al, ISTSS Annual Meeting, Nov 2000, San Antonio, TX Possible Protection From PTSD • Alcohol has 2 protective actions – Potentiates GABA receptors (inhibition) – Blocks glutamate (excitatory) NMDA receptor • Traditional “choice” of combat troops and aviators post combat trauma David Nutt, J Clin Psych 2000;61(supl 5)24-29 Secondary Prevention of PTSD • NO acute intervention proven to reduce PTSD – CISD potentially harmful – Non-arousing “psychological 1st aid”? • Potential usefulness of drugs – Beta-blockers w/in 4 hrs post trauma – Prazosin to reduce nightmares – D-Cycloserine (improves ability to learn safety) • Tertiary prevention only Roger Pitman, Stress Hormones and the Amygdala in PTSD: Possible Implications for Secondary Prevention, Plenary Session of International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies, San Antonio, TX 19 Nov 2000 What about Tertiary Prevention of PTSD? David Nutt, J Clin Psych 2000;61(supl 5)24-29 Acute Interventions: “P.I.E.S.” • Proximal – Near forward operating area—stay in theater • Immediate – Before disintegration when functional decline • Expectant – Planned return to unit in 1 to 3 days – Non-patient status – Non-pathologizing • Simple – No uncovering techniques – “3 hots & a cot” Dr. Zahava Solomon Tel Aviv • 20 years later, PTSD trended directly related to # of “PIES” principles applied • Number of PIES Applied: PTSD rate – 0 48% – 1 38% – 2 33% – 3 25% Frontline Treatment of Combat Stress Reaction: A 20-Year Longitudinal Evaluation Study Zahava Solomon, Ph.D., Rami Shklar, Ph.D., and Mario Mikulincer, Ph.D. Am J Psychiatry, Dec 2005 Institute of Medicine Evidence for PTSD Efficacy is Inadequate for: • Alpha blocker • EMDR* • Anticonvulsants • 2nd g. antipsychotics • Cognitive Restructuring • Benzodiazepines • Coping Skills Training • MAOIs – Phenelzine • Therapy in group formats – Brofaramine • SSRIs* • Other Antidepressants • Other drugs *Recommended by VA/DoD PTSD CPG – Naltrexone – Cycloserine – Inositol Treatment of PTSD: An Assessment of the Evidence, IOM Oct 2007 Pre-publication Copy: Uncorrected Proofs Evidence is Sufficient to Determine Efficacy in the Treatment of PTSD for Only ONE Modality Exposure Therapies Treatment of PTSD: An Assessment of the Evidence Institute of Medicine, October 2007, S-6 PTSD as a Learning Disability Failure to Learn Safety in the face of one’s trauma cues Exposure Therapy in safe environment iPhone app for 1st Responders Psychological 1st Aid (PFA) • “PFA Mobile” (free) – https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/pfa- mobile/id551079424?mt=8 • Other online Psychological 1st aid resources: (free) – 6 hour interactive course at: • http://learn.nctsn.org/course/index.php?categor yid=11 PFA Key Actions: Promote Safety Calm & Comfort Connectedness Self-Empowerment http://www.ptsd.va.gov/professional/manuals/manual-pdf/pfa/PFA_2ndEditionwithappendices.pdf Psychological Resiliency The Bio-Resiliency Guru Charney, Psychobiological Mechanisms of Resilience and Vulnerability: Implications for Successful Adaptation to Extreme Stress, Am J Psychiatry 161:2, Feb 2004 Outlines Neural Mechanisms related to Resilience and Vulnerability to Extreme Stress and Proposes a Research Agenda to Analyze the Integration of Mechanisms Dennis Charney, Psychobiological Mechanisms of Resilience and Vulnerability: Implications for Successful Adaptation to Extreme
Load more
Loading...
Loading...
Loading...
Loading...
Loading...

74 pages remaining, click to load more.

Recommended publications
  • Does Self-Reported Posttraumatic Growth Translate Into Friend Ratings of Improvement?
    That’s Not What Your Friends Say: Does Self-reported Posttraumatic Growth Translate into Friend Ratings of Improvement? Laura Goorin Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Doctor of Philosophy degree Under the Executive Committee of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, Columbia University 2011 © 2011 Laura Goorin All Rights Reserved ABSTRACT That’s Not What Your Friends Say: Does Self-reported Posttraumatic Growth Translate into Friend Ratings of Improvement? Laura Goorin Posttraumatic growth (PTG) is a prolific construct under study within both trauma and positive psychology literature alike. Many of these studies rely predominantly on cross-sectional, retrospective self-report data. Recent studies have attempted to subject PTG to more rigorous scientific standards of measurement. In this study, we examined posttraumatic growth measured longitudinally among survivors of the September 11 th , 2001 terrorist attack, in order to explore whether participants’ reports of posttraumatic growth were associated with, supported or contradicted by friend ratings of improvement. In this context, participant-reported posttraumatic growth was consistently linked with friend ratings of deteriorating functioning, providing evidence that posttraumatic growth is undermined by friend ratings. These findings suggest that self-reported PTG may inadequately predict functioning as rated by alternative, more objective measures, and that PTG may reflect negative psychological adjustment. TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction………………………………………………………………………….
    [Show full text]
  • Don't Just Lead Your People Through Trauma. Help Them Grow
    REPRINT H05USD PUBLISHED ON HBR.ORG SEPTEMBER 14, 2020 ARTICLE LEADERSHIP & MANAGING PEOPLE Don’t Just Lead Your People Through Trauma. Help Them Grow. by Jamil Zaki This article is licensed for your personal use. Further posting, copying, or distribution is not permitted. Copyright Harvard Business Publishing. All rights reserved. Please contact customerservice@harvardbusiness.org or 800 988 0886 for additional copies. LEADERSHIP & MANAGING PEOPLE Don’t Just Lead Your People Through Trauma. Help Them Grow. by Jamil Zaki SEPTEMBER 14, 2020 IMAGE SOURCE/GETTY IMAGES The last several months have stacked painful experiences on top of each other: a global pandemic, economic collapse, and new reminders of perennial racial injustice and police violence. This July, rates of depression and anxiety in the U.S. were more than triple those of early 2019. The simple question, “How are you?” has turned into an emotional minefield. COPYRIGHT © 2020 HARVARD BUSINESS SCHOOL PUBLISHING CORPORATION. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 2 This article is licensed for your personal use. Further posting, copying, or distribution is not permitted. Copyright Harvard Business Publishing. All rights reserved. Please contact customerservice@harvardbusiness.org or 800 988 0886 for additional copies. Workplaces are saturated with trauma, too, and leaders are agonizing over how to keep their teams healthy as everyone works remotely and juggles any number of stressors. The science of trauma offers some insight about this moment, and some surprising hope: Instead of asking how we will recover from these painful times, we should ask how we will be changed by them. In many cases, we have an opportunity to change for the better.
    [Show full text]
  • HOW PEOPLE LEARN to BECOME RESILIENT by Maria Konnikova, FEBRUARY 11, 2016
    MARIA KONNIKOVA HOW PEOPLE LEARN TO BECOME RESILIENT By Maria Konnikova, FEBRUARY 11, 2016 Perception is key to resilience: Do you conceptualize an event as traumatic, or as a chance to learn and grow? Norman Garmezy, a developmental psychologist and clinician at the University of Minnesota, met thousands of children in his four decades of research. But one boy in particular stuck with him. He was nine years old, with an alcoholic mother and an absent father. Each day, he would arrive at school with the exact same sandwich: two slices of bread with nothing in between. At home, there was no other food available, and no one to make any. Even so, Garmezy would later recall, the boy wanted to make sure that “no one would feel pity for him and no one would know the ineptitude of his mother.” Each day, without fail, he would walk in with a smile on his face and a “bread sandwich” tucked into his bag. The boy with the bread sandwich was part of a special group of children. He belonged to a cohort of kids—the first of many— whom Garmezy would go on to identify as succeeding, even excelling, despite incredibly difficult circumstances. These were the children who exhibited a trait Garmezy would later identify as “resilience.” (He is widely credited with being the first to study the concept in an experimental setting.) Over many years, Garmezy would visit schools across the country, focussing on those in economically depressed areas, and follow a standard protocol. He would set up meetings with the principal, along with a school social worker or nurse, and pose the same question: Were there any children whose backgrounds had initially raised red flags—kids who seemed likely to become problem kids—who had instead become, surprisingly, a source of pride? “What I was saying was, ‘Can you identify stressed children who are making it here in your school?’ “ Garmezy said, in a 1999 interview.
    [Show full text]
  • Trajectories of Resilience and Dysfunction Following Potential Trauma: a T Review and Statistical Evaluation ⁎ Isaac R
    Clinical Psychology Review 63 (2018) 41–55 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Clinical Psychology Review journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/clinpsychrev Review Trajectories of resilience and dysfunction following potential trauma: A T review and statistical evaluation ⁎ Isaac R. Galatzer-Levya, , Sandy H. Huangb, George A. Bonannob a NYU School of Medicine, United States b Columbia University, United States HIGHLIGHTS • A review of n = 54 studies demonstrates that resilience is the modal response to major life stressors and potential trauma. • Resilience, recovery, chronicity, and delayed onset were consistently identified adjustment outcome trajectories. • Pattern stability across contextual factors indicates that the trajectories are likely phenotypic human stress responses. • Trait and state factors associated with trajectory membership have implications for risk identification and interventions. • Trajectory models provide a robust methodology to study clinically relevant responses to stress and potential trauma. ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: Given the rapid proliferation of trajectory-based approaches to study clinical consequences to stress and po- Aversive event tentially traumatic events (PTEs), there is a need to evaluate emerging findings. This review examined con- Depression vergence/divergences across 54 studies in the nature and prevalence of response trajectories, and determined Heterogeneity potential sources of bias to improve future research. Of the 67 cases that emerged from the 54 studies, the most Latent growth mixture modeling consistently observed trajectories following PTEs were resilience (observed in: n = 63 cases), recovery (n = 49), PTSD chronic (n = 47), and delayed onset (n = 22). The resilience trajectory was the modal response across studies Stress Trajectory (average of 65.7% across populations, 95% CI [0.616, 0.698]), followed in prevalence by recovery (20.8% [0.162, 0.258]), chronicity (10.6%, [0.086, 0.127]), and delayed onset (8.9% [0.053, 0.133]).
    [Show full text]
  • From Jungian Attitude-Types to a Comprehensive Model of Diseases
    ISSN: 2577 - 8005 Review Article Medical & Clinical Research From Jungian Attitude-Types to a Comprehensive Model of Diseases Marco Balenci Psychoanalyst (AIPA-IAAP), Florence, Italy *Corresponding author Marco Balenci, Florence, Italy. marco.balenci@gmail.com American Psychological Association (APA), Washington, D.C.; Italian Association of Analytical Psychology (AIPA), Rome; International Association for Analytical Psychology (IAAP), Zurich Submitted: 03 May 2020; Accepted: 09 May 2020; Published: 18 May 2020 Abstract This review discusses the pair of opposites named introversion and extraversion by Swiss psychiatrist Carl Gustav Jung in its biological foundation and psychosomatic implications. Jung’s typology was the reference for Elida Evans’ book on cancer in 1926, which would be the basis of American psycho-oncology and of a holistic approach to cancer patients. It is shown that introversion and extraversion have been widely used in psychology and psychiatry, even without any reference to Jung. Moreover, these concepts have been used for somatic illnesses. In 1990, independently of each other, George A. Bonanno and Jerome L. Singer of Yale University (USA) and Marco Balenci of Sapienza University of Rome (Italy) conceived two similar comprehensive models of diseases - both in their physical and psychic aspects - based on the psychophysical balance of opposite attitudes. Persistent dualism in Western medicine may explain the lack of development of these models. Actually, this kind of model derives from a holistic view, which was advocated by George L. Engel in the United States, giving relevance to biopsychosocial factors. Despite the increasing discoveries of psychoneuroimmunology and developmental psychobiology can provide a new scientific impetus to the individual-as-a-whole, this perspective still has greater convergence with Eastern medicine Keywords: Diseases Classification, Holistic Medicine, Personal- the schizophrenic is focused only on himself [4].
    [Show full text]
  • Disaster-Related Bereavement: a Study of Long-Term Mental Health Effects and Interventions
    Disaster-related bereavement: A study of long-term mental health effects and interventions Pål Kristensen Norwegian Centre for Violence and Traumatic Stress Studies Thesis submitted for the Degree of Dr. philos., Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 2012 © Pål Kristensen, 2012 Series of dissertations submitted to the Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo No. 1371 ISBN 978-82-8264-362-7 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without permission. Cover: Inger Sandved Anfinsen. Printed in Norway: AIT Oslo AS. Produced in co-operation with Unipub. The thesis is produced by Unipub merely in connection with the thesis defence. Kindly direct all inquiries regarding the thesis to the copyright holder or the unit which grants the doctorate. CONTENTS Acknowledgments .................................................................................................................. 1 List of papers .......................................................................................................................... 3 Abbreviations ......................................................................................................................... 4 1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................ 5 1.1 Bereavement, grief, and mourning ................................................................................... 5 1.2 Why conduct research on bereavement and disasters? ...................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Coping Flexibility and Complicated Grief: a Comparison of American and Chinese Samples
    DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY 29: 16–22 (2012) Research Article COPING FLEXIBILITY AND COMPLICATED GRIEF: A COMPARISON OF AMERICAN AND CHINESE SAMPLES Ã Charles L. Burton, B.A.,1 Oscar H. Yan, M.A.,1 Ruth Pat-Horenczyk, Ph.D.,2 Ide S.F. Chan, Psy.D.,3 Samuel Ho, Ph.D.,4 and George A. Bonanno, Ph.D.1 Background: The ability to process a death and the ability to remain optimistic and look beyond the loss are both thought to be effective means of coping with loss and other aversive events. Recently, these seemingly contrary dimensions have been integrated into the idea of coping flexibility. Methods: In this study, we assessed the ability of married and bereaved individuals in the United States and Hong Kong to use both coping approaches as operationalized by the trauma- focused and forward-focused coping scales of a previously validated question- naire. We also calculated a single flexibility score. Results: Bereaved participants reported greater trauma-focused coping ability than did married participants. However, bereaved participants meeting criteria for complicated grief (CG) reported less forward-focused coping than both asymptomatic bereaved and married participants. The CG group also showed less overall coping flexibility than the asymptomatic bereaved and married groups. Country was not a factor. Conclusions: Findings suggest that deficits in coping flexibility are indicative of pathology in bereaved individuals, and that this relationship extends across cultures. Limitations of the study and directions for future research are discussed. Depression and Anxiety 29:16–22, 2012. r 2011 Wiley-Liss, Inc. Key words: coping skills; grief; cross-cultural comparison; social adjustment; life stress INTRODUCTION Even more recently, a third perspective has emerged that emphasizes both approaches[4] and integrates these Theories about how people cope with potentially themes in the idea of coping flexibility.[5–7] According traumatic life events (PTE) emphasize two seemingly to this perspective, focusing on the PTE or focusing contradictory approaches.
    [Show full text]
  • RAO BULLETIN 15 October 2017
    RAO BULLETIN 15 October 2017 PDF Edition THIS RETIREE ACTIVITIES OFFICE BULLETIN CONTAINS THE FOLLOWING ARTICLES Pg Article Subject . * DOD * . 05 == Misbehaving Generals ---- (New Emphasis On Senior Leaders Is Needed) 06 == Transgender Lawsuits [01] ---- (DoJ Asking for Dismissal) 07 == Operation Troop Treats ---- (Halloween Candy Exchange) 08 == Operation Gratitude ---- (Troop Support) 08 == Cold War Radiation Testing ---- (Scholar Alleges Unsuspecting People Tested) 09 == Camp Pendleton ---- (Significant Deficiencies Found In Water Supply) 10 == Guam [02] ---- (DoD Asked to Halt Military Construction) 10 == USS Cole Attack [01] ---- (Slow Pace of Trying Alleged Terrorist) 11 == Military Star Credit Card [01] ---- (Commissary Use Authorized) 12 == Military Star Credit Card [02] ---- (Card Use Facts) 13 == WWI Commemorative Coin ---- (100th Anniversary of the End of WWI) 13 == DoD Fraud, Waste, & Abuse ---- (Reported 01 thru 15 OCT 2017) 15 == POW/MIA Recoveries ---- (Reported 01 thru 15 OCT 2017 | Twenty-Two) 1 . * VA * . 17 == VA Rating Criteria ---- (Review & Update | Dental and Oral Conditions) 18 == VA Individual Unemployability [04] ---- (No Cuts in 2018) 18 == VA Secret Agreements ---- (Staff Mistake and Misdeed Concealment) 20 == VA Prosthetics [18] ---- (Possible $256.7 Million Overpayment by VHA) 21 == VA Home Loan [51] ---- (Appraiser Shortage Impacting Vets Adversely) 22 == GI Bill [240] ---- (Retail Ready Career Center Loses Eligibility) 23 == GI Bill [241] ---- (Ethics Law suspension Averted) 24 == GI Bill [242] ---- (Flight
    [Show full text]
  • Tctoday Sp16 Low.Pdf
    SPRING/SUMMER 2016 TC Today THE MAGAZINE of TEACHERS COLLEGE, COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY USING THE ARTS TO EMPOWER AT-RISK KIDS: ANDREA KERZNER (M.A.’87) CELEBRATING TC’S MINORITY POSTDOCTORAL PROGRAM A GIFT BRINGS DANCE EDUCATION BACK TO TC The Art of the Possible Applying technology to creativity — and vice versa { spring + summer 2016} Table of Contents Features A Portrait of the Artist in Launching Careers and 10 the Digital Age 22 Widening the Discourse A new TC program grapples with the nature TC’s Minority Postdoctoral Program of creativity in the 21st century, attempting to encourages scholars who don’t check their find meaning amid technical innovation identities at the door and enhance artistic traditions developed throughout human history 30 Art = Power Through the arts, Andrea Kerzner . Technology Center From its Games Research Lab to its (M.A. ’87) is bringing hope to youth Gottesman Libraries, the College is a hub in South Africa, Uganda and the for digital innovation in education South Bronx Photographs: Deborah Feingold departments TC 3 PRESIDENT’S LETTER Celebrating TC’s creativity and diversity Today The magazine of Teachers College is produced by the Office of Development 5 NEWS @TC and External Affairs at Teachers On page Honors at AERA, New York’s Education College, Columbia University. Commissioner speaks at TC, celebrating Suzanne M. Murphy the Cowin Financial Literacy Program VICE PRESIDENT, DEVELOPMENT & EXTERNAL AFFAIRS (ED.M. ’99, M.A. ’96) James L. Gardner 34 UNCONVENTIONAL WISDOM ASSOCIATE VICE PRESIDENT, 10DIGITAL DETRITUS Paradigm-changing work on spatial EXTERNAL AFFAIRS TC’s new program thinking, evaluating colleges, navigating Sara Clough in Creative Technologies information overload, youth gun violence, SENIOR DIRECTOR, STRATEGIC marries the old and COMMUNICATIONS new.
    [Show full text]
  • Resilience: a Common Or Not-So-Common Phenomenon?
    I wrote the following article for my website (www.drrobertbrooks.com). Resilience: A Common or Not-So-Common Phenomenon? In my last article I discussed the emergence of “positive psychology” as an area of research and practice that focuses on human strengths and virtues rather than on weaknesses and pathology. This past week I read a thought-provoking article by Dr. George Bonanno of Columbia University Teachers College that appeared in the January, 2004 issue of the journal American Psychologist. The article, titled “Loss, Trauma, and Human Resilience: Have We Underestimated the Human Capacity to Thrive After Extremely Aversive Events?” raises important questions about commonly held views of pathology and resilience. It also supports a basic tenet of positive psychology, namely, that the potential for individuals to handle adversity may be far greater than has previously been recognized. At this beginning of his article, Bonanno makes an important distinction between the concepts of resilience and recovery. He notes that recovery is best understood as a process in which “normal functioning temporarily gives way to threshold or subthreshold psychopathology (e.g., symptoms of depression or posttraumatic stress disorder--PTSD), usually for a period of at least several months, and then gradually returns to pre-event levels. By contrast, resilience reflects the ability to maintain a stable equilibrium. Resilience to loss and trauma, as conceived in this article, pertains to the ability of adults in otherwise normal circumstances who are exposed
    [Show full text]
  • The 2020 Dubrovnik Summer School of Psychotraumatology!
    DUBROVNIK SUMMERSCHOOLOF PSYCHOTRAUMATOLOGY IntheshadowofPTSD: The heterogeinity of responses to psychological trauma in individuals, families and communities across cultures May25th-May28th 2020 George Bonanno . Jaswant Guzder. Zahava Solomon. Boris Drožđek. Rudolf Gregurek. CONTACTANDREGISTRATION:B.DROZDEK@HEMISFEER.NL Welcome to the 2020 Dubrovnik Summer School of Psychotraumatology! Dear colleagues, Although PTSD has been the focus of scientific research for many decades, at the same time the knowledge regarding posttraumatic impacts beyond PTSD has also broadened. This course will focus on the impacts of exposure to traumatic experiences “in the shadow of PTSD”. It aims at helping clinicians to understand the diversity and complexity of the consequences of trauma and tailor more adequate treatment strategies. First heterogeneous trajectories of long-term adjustment following potentially traumatic events will be elaborated upon. These include chronically elevated symptoms, delayed responses, improvement and the trajectory of stable psychological health or resilience. Then, influence of psychological trauma on family systems will be discussed in depth through processes related to parenthood, spousal relationships, household conflict and aggression. Simultaneously, cultural frameworks for child and family trauma and multi-modal treatment approaches for assisting children of migrating families to acculturate and adapt after adversity will be addressed. Finally, the psycho-political effects of war and terror on societies with regards to issues of safety, trust, moral judgment and attitudes towards the "other" group will be explored. The internationally acknowledged experts will present the state-of-the-art knowledge in the field, both from the clinical and the research perspectives. The program consists of the morning lectures and the afternoon workshops. ABOUTTHEPRESENTATIONS George Bonanno: Bad things happen.
    [Show full text]
  • Neimeyer, R. A. & Harris, D
    Provided for non-commercial research and educational use. Not for reproduction, distribution or commercial use. This article was originally published in the Encyclopedia of Mental Health 2e., published by Elsevier, and the attached copy is provided by Elsevier for the author’s benefit and for the benefit of the author’s institution, for non-commercial research and educational use including without limitation use in instruction at your institution, sending it to specific colleagues who you know, and providing a copy to your institution’s administrator. All other uses, reproduction and distribution, including without limitation commercial reprints, selling or licensing copies or access, or posting on open internet sites, your personal or institution’s website or repository, are prohibited. For exceptions, permission may be sought for such use through Elsevier’s permissions site at: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/permissionusematerial Neimeyer R.A., and Harris D., Bereavement and Grief. In: Howard S. Friedman (Editor in Chief), Encyclopedia of Mental Health, 2nd edition, Vol 1, Waltham, MA: Academic Press, 2016, pp. 163-169. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. unless otherwise stated. All rights reserved. Author's personal copy Bereavement and Grief RA Neimeyer, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA D Harris, Kings University College, London, ON, Canada r 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Glossary grief, and reorganizing his or her attachment to the Bereavement The condition of having lost a significant deceased. other or attachment figure. Meaning reconstruction The mourner’s attempt to Complicated grief Grieving that fails to move forward reaffirm or reconstruct a world of meaning that has been adaptively as the person integrates the loss, instead challenged by loss, by making sense of the death and his or remaining intense, preoccupying, prolonged, and life- her ongoing life in the wake of it, including reconstructing limiting (also referred to as prolonged grief disorder or the relationship with the deceased.
    [Show full text]