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Moving Integration Filter-Based Open-Switch Fault Diagnosis Method for Three-Phase Induction Motor Drive Systems

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Moving Integration Filter-Based Open-Switch Fault Diagnosis Method for Three-Phase Induction Motor Drive Systems > REPLACE THIS LINE WITH YOUR PAPER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (DOUBLE-CLICK HERE TO EDIT) < 1 Moving Integration Filter-Based Open-Switch Fault Diagnosis Method for Three-phase Induction Motor Drive Systems Shuqi Shi, Yao Sun, Member, IEEE, Xing Li, Hanbing Dan, Mei, Su, Member, IEEE fault is mostly based on the design of hardware circuit, which Abstract—Reliable fault diagnosis is essential to the induction has been summarized in [5]. The fast fuse can also be implanted motor drive systems in some special applications. In this paper, we in the inverter circuit, and the short-circuit fault of the power present a simple and robust fault diagnosis scheme for three-phase tube can be transformed into an open circuit. Then the open induction motor drive systems. As the proposed fault diagnosis circuit diagnosis method can be used to deal with it. method is based on the framework of model predictive control, many shared data can be fully utilized, the computation burden is Usually, AC drive systems are sensitive to semiconductor greatly reduced. To improve the robustness of fault detection, a device faults. Once the semiconductor device failures occur, moving integration filter-based residuals construction method is they must be handled in time. Otherwise, it may result in great proposed, which reduces both the false alarms rate and the rate of economic loss and safety accidents, especially in some missed detection. According to the order of the constructed applications with high-security requirements. Therefore, it is residuals and the sign of current errors, it is easy to accomplish the important to accurately detect and isolate the faults, which also task of fault isolation. Experimental results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed fault diagnosis lays a solid foundation for the implementation of fault-tolerant method. measures [6]-[8]. In recent years, the open-switch faults have received much Index Terms—Fault diagnosis, induction motor drive, model attention and lots of methods have been presented to detect and predictive control, moving integration filter. isolate these faults in the power converters. According to their characteristics, they could be mainly classified into two categories by the measured variables: current-based [9]-[17] I. INTRODUCTION and voltage-based methods [18]-[24]. HE AC induction motors have been widely used in industry, The current-based methods have been widely proposed, T agriculture, transportation and household users. In most which can be mainly classified into the average current methods, modern AC induction motors drive systems, related power the slope methods and the current observer-based methods. The converters have become important parts and played a crucial average current methods [9]-[10] detect the open-switch faults role in the reliability of the entire drive system [1]-[4]. from the mean value of output currents over one fundamental It has been reported that more than 30% ofthe electrical period. In [9], it uses the average motor currents Park’s vector faults in the AC drive systems are power circuit faults [3]. And in the stator frame to monitor switch faults, applying Clarke’s most of them are semiconductor device faults, such as open- transformation. However, it has a disadvantage of load switch and short-circuit faults. The diagnosis of short circuit dependence. To overcome this problem, the normalized average currents were suggested and refined in [11] and [12]. In [11], Manuscript received January 8, 2020; revised April 7, 2020; accepted May the robustness of the fault diagnosis method was enhanced, and 23, 2020. This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science the detection of multiple faults was achieved. A fault diagnosis Foundation of China under Grant 61622311, 61933011 and 61903382, in part method based on the calculation of the errors of the normalized by the Project of Innovation-driven Plan in Central South University under Grant 2019CX003, in part by the Major Project of Changzhutan Self-dependent currents’ average absolute values was proposed in [12], where Innovation Demonstration Area under Grant 2018XK2002. (Corresponding the independence of the mechanical operating conditions and author: Hanbing Dan.). immunity to false alarms were demonstrated by choosing the Shuqi Shi is with the School of Automation, Central South University, Park’s vector modulus as normalization quantity. As to the Changsha 410083, China， and also with the Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Girds Operation and Control on Multi-Power Sources Area, Shaoyang slope methods [13]-[14], the faults can be identified by the University, Shaoyang, 422000, China (e-mail: [email protected]). slope of the current vector trajectory, which is assumed to be Yao Sun, Hanbing Dan and Mei Su are with the School of Automation, constant for a quarter of current period. And to further locate Central South University, Changsha 410083, China (e-mail: the fault switches, the Schmitt Triggers are utilized to detect the [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]). Xing Li is with the College of Electrical and Information Engineering Hunan polarity of the currents during the faults. Compared with the University, Changsha 410082, China (e-mail: [email protected]). previous methods, the current observer-based method [15]-[17] > REPLACE THIS LINE WITH YOUR PAPER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (DOUBLE-CLICK HERE TO EDIT) < 2 can effectively reduce the time of fault detection. In [15], a The remainder of this paper is organized as follows: Section current residual vector-based approach is proposed. This II presents the mathematical model of the studied three-phase method uses the current residual between the measured and induction drive system. The proposed finite-set model estimated value to detect the fault. It eliminates the impact of predictive control scheme of the induction motor drive system the load variations and control strategy, reducing the detection is demonstrated in Section III. Section IV elaborates the time to one-quarter of the fundamental period. [16]-[17] proposed fault diagnosis strategy in detail. The experimental proposed a fast detection method based on the observed value results are shown in Section V. Finally, the conclusion is of the current deviation and an extra voltage test procedure. It presented in Section VI. only needs a few switching cycles to detect the open-switch faults, even in the case of transient operation. II. THREE-PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR DRIVE In general, the principle of voltage-based methods is that the SYSTEM fault is diagnosed by examining the deviation between normal The circuit topology of the three-phase induction drive and abnormal conditions. Many early voltage-based methods system is illustrated in Fig. 1, which is made up of a single- usually require additional voltage sensors, compared with the phase to three-phase inverter and an induction machine. In this current-based approaches. system, the single-phase rectifier provides a dc-link voltage and Four fault detection techniques based on voltage method are realizes power factor correction, and the three-phase inverter proposed in [18]. By analyzing the model of the converter, these feeds a three-phase induction motor. detection methods are achieved by comparing the key points’ voltages measurements with their corresponding references. But it requires multiple voltage sensors and the detection time is a fourth of the fundamental cycle. In [19], a fast fault T7 D7 T1 D1 T3 D3 T5 D5 diagnosis method based on the line-to-line voltage + C1 - measurement is proposed, which can detect the single and u multiple open-switch faults by two voltage sensors. To avoid g L s is a the additional voltage sensors, [20] proposes a fault diagnosis O b c T T D2 T4 D4 T6 D6 algorithm for the micro-grids inverters based on the waveform 8 D8 + 2 characteristics and composition analysis of the main fault C2 - component. But its detection time is long. In order to reduce the detection time, some fault detection methods [21]-[23] based on finite set model predictive control are proposed, which can i detect the open-switch fault with several switching cycles. In ia b ic [21], an error-voltage-based open-switch fault-diagnosis strategy with a finite set model predictive control method has IM been investigated. [22] proposes a fast fault detection and isolation approach to identify single open-circuit faults with model-predictive control. The fault detection approach is Fig. 1. Three-phase induction motor drive system. simply implemented by checking the voltage errors between the measured arm voltages and the estimated ones in the former For convenience, we define Si ( i=1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 ) as control cycle. Besides, the intelligent technology method [24] the switching state of the switch Ti in the converter. Then the is also introduced to detect the faults in the multilevel inverters. dynamic equations of the drive system are expressed as It can ignore the influence of the system non-linear factors. follows However, it requires complicated calculations that are not easy to implement in actual controllers. du In this paper, a simple and reliable open-switch fault Cc1 S i S i S i S i diagnosis technique based on moving integration filters is dt 7s 1 a 3 b 5 c proposed. And its advantages are summarized as follows: du c2 (1) 1) No extra sensors are required, which does not increase C S2 ia S 4 i b S 6 i c S 8 i s additional cost; dt 2) The computation cost of this fault diagnosis method is dis L us S7 u c 1 S 8 u c 2 small. Since the fault diagnosis method is based on the dt framework of model predictive control, many shared data could be fully utilized, the computation burden of this fault diagnosis where L is the inductance on the grid side, is and us are method is small; ac line current and grid voltage, respectively.
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