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Meža Susura (Dryomys Nitedula Pallas 1779) Sugas Aizsardzības Plāns

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Meža Susura (Dryomys Nitedula Pallas 1779) Sugas Aizsardzības Plāns LATVIJAS VIDES AIZSARDZĪBAS FONDA FINANSĒTAIS PROJEKTS „MEŽA SUSURA DRYOMYS NITEDULA SUGAS AIZSARDZĪBAS PLĀNA IZSTRĀDE” (NR. 1-20/61) Apstiprināts ar vides aizsardzības un reģionālās attīstības ministra ______ . gada _______________ rīkojumu Nr. ___________ MEŽA SUSURA (DRYOMYS NITEDULA PALLAS 1779) SUGAS AIZSARDZĪBAS PLĀNS plāns izstrādāts laikposmam no 2016. gada līdz 2021. gadam Izstrādātājs: Daugavpils Universitātes Dabas izpētes un vides izglītības centrs Autori: Digna Pilāte, Valdis Pilāts, Aivars Ornicāns, Māris Nitcis, Inese Jahundoviča, Lelde Krūmiņa Vāka fotogrāfijas autors: Māris Pilāts Ieteicamais citēšanas paraugs: Pilāte D., Pilāts V., Ornicāns A., Nitcis M., Jahundoviča I., Krūmiņa L.2015. Meža susura (Dryomys nitedula Pallas 1779) sugas aizsardzības plāns. DU DIVIC, Ilgas: 1-62. ILGAS, 2015 LATVIJAS VIDES AIZSARDZĪBAS FONDA FINANSĒTAIS PROJEKTS „MEŽA SUSURA DRYOMYS NITEDULA SUGAS AIZSARDZĪBAS PLĀNA IZSTRĀDE” (NR. 1-20/61) SATURS Kopasavilkums ................................................................................................................................ 5 Summary ......................................................................................................................................... 6 Ievads ............................................................................................................................................... 7 1. Sugas raksturojums .................................................................................................................... 8 1.1. Sugas klasifikācija un morfoloģija ............................................................................................ 8 1.2. Meža susura ekoloģija ............................................................................................................. 10 1.2.1. Dzīvotnes .............................................................................................................................. 10 1.2.2. Dzīves iecirknis .................................................................................................................... 11 1.2.3. Ekoloģiskā niša, vieta sugu sabiedrībā un dzīvesveids ........................................................ 11 1.2.4. Meža susura barība ............................................................................................................... 13 1.2.5. Vairošanās un dzīves ilgums ................................................................................................ 14 1.2.6. Dabiskie ienaidnieki ............................................................................................................. 15 1.3. Sugas izplatība un populācijas lielums .................................................................................... 15 1.3.1. Sugas vispārējais areāls un izplatība .................................................................................... 15 1.3.2. Sugas areāls un izplatība Latvijā .......................................................................................... 15 1.3.3. Populācijas lielums Latvijā, tās pašreizējie, vēsturiskie un vēlamie parametri, tendences un prognozes ................................................................................................................................... 16 1.3.4. Migrācija, izolētība, ekoloģiskie koridori un citi no sugas aizsardzības viedokļa svarīgi aspekti ............................................................................................................................................. 17 1.4. Sugas apdraudētība .................................................................................................................. 18 1.5. Sugas līdzšinējā izpēte ............................................................................................................. 19 2. Sugas un tās dzīvotnes izmaiņu cēloņi .................................................................................... 20 2.1. Populāciju ietekmējošie faktori ............................................................................................... 20 2.2. Sugas dzīvotnes ietekmējošie faktori ...................................................................................... 21 3. Sugas līdzšinējā aizsardzība un pasākumu efektivitāte ........................................................ 23 3.1. Tiesiskā aizsardzība ................................................................................................................. 23 3.2. Īpaši aizsargājamo dabas teritoriju un mikroliegumu loma sugas aizsardzībā ........................ 24 3.3. Līdzšinējās rīcības un pasākumi sugas aizsardzībā ................................................................. 24 4. Sugas aizsardzības vajadzību un iespēju izvērtējums ........................................................... 25 4.1. Dzīvotņu aizsardzība ............................................................................................................... 25 4.1.1. Normatīvo aktu izmaiņas ...................................................................................................... 25 4.1.2. Mikroliegumu veidošana ...................................................................................................... 25 4.1.3. Dabas parka “Silene” robežu izmaiņa .................................................................................. 25 4.1.4. Dabas parka “Silene” dabas aizsardzības plāna izstrāde ...................................................... 25 4.1.5. Sadarbība ar zemes īpašniekiem ........................................................................................... 26 4.1.6. Vides ietilpības palielināšana ............................................................................................... 26 4.2. Sugas areāla apzināšana .......................................................................................................... 27 4.2.1. Zināmās populācijas areāla precizēšana ............................................................................... 27 4.2.2. Citu iespējamo populāciju pastāvēšanas pārbaude ............................................................... 27 4.3. Populācijas palielināšana ......................................................................................................... 27 4.4. Nebrīves jeb rezerves populācijas izveidošana........................................................................ 28 5. Sugas aizsardzības mērķi un uzdevumi .................................................................................. 29 6. Ieteikumi sugas aizsardzībai .................................................................................................... 30 6.1. Likumdošana un dabas aizsardzības plānošana ....................................................................... 30 6.1.1. Prioritāte II – normatīvo aktu par koku ciršanu meža zemēs un dabas aizsardzības noteikumiem mežu apsaimniekošanā pilnveidošana ...................................................................... 30 6.1.2. Prioritāte I – dabas parka “Silene” dabas aizsardzības plāna izstrāde .................................. 30 6.1.3. Prioritāte I – dabas parka “Silene” individuālo aizsardzības un izmantošanas noteikumu izstrāde ............................................................................................................................................ 31 6.2. Īpaši aizsargājamo dabas teritoriju un/vai mikroliegumu izveidošana .................................... 31 2 LATVIJAS VIDES AIZSARDZĪBAS FONDA FINANSĒTAIS PROJEKTS „MEŽA SUSURA DRYOMYS NITEDULA SUGAS AIZSARDZĪBAS PLĀNA IZSTRĀDE” (NR. 1-20/61) 6.2.1. Prioritāte I – dabas parka “Silene” robežu maiņa ................................................................. 31 6.2.2. Prioritāte I – mikroliegumu izveidošana ārpus dabas parka “Silene” .................................. 31 6.3. Sugas populācijas atjaunošanas pasākumi ............................................................................... 32 6.4. Sugas dzīvotņu apsaimniekošanas pasākumi .......................................................................... 32 6.4.1. Prioritāte II – dzīvotņu un ekoloģisko koridoru atjaunošana ................................................ 32 6.4.2. Prioritāte I – mākslīgo mītņu/būrīšu izlikšana. ..................................................................... 33 6.5. Izpēte un datu apkopošana ....................................................................................................... 33 6.5.1. Prioritāte I – pētījums par mežsaimnieciskās darbības ietekmi uz populāciju ..................... 33 6.5.2. Prioritāte I – populācijas areāla noskaidrošana. ................................................................... 34 6.5.3. Prioritāte I – citu iespējamo populāciju pastāvēšanas pārbaude ........................................... 35 6.5.4. Prioritāte I – populācijas ģenētikās daudzveidības izvērtējums populācijas dzīvotspējas kontekstā (ja netiek veikts sugas monitorings, kas ietver populācijas ģenētikas monitoringu)...... 35 6.5.5. Prioritāte I – sugas monitoringa metodikas izstrāde un monitorings, ietverot populācijas ģenētisko monitoringu .................................................................................................................... 36 6.6. Informēšana, izglītošana un profesionālās kvalifikācijas celšana ........................................... 36 6.6.1. Prioritāte III - susurdraugu grupas izveide ........................................................................... 36 6.6.2. Prioritāte I – informatīvi izglītojošu pasākumu organizēšana
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