5G Emf Measurement Aspects

5G EMF MEASUREMENT ASPECTS

ITU Regional Forum for Europe: 5G Strategies, Policies and Implementation, 22/23 October 2020 EMF FOR 5G - WHO

*https://www.who.int/westernpacific/news/q-a-detail/5g-mobile-networks-and-health

2 Rohde & Schwarz 5G EMF measurements aspects - ITU Regional Forum for Europe, 22/23 October 2020 EMF STANDARDIZATION

l Influence of ElectroMagnetic Fields (EMF) on humans

l Depends on

l Frequency

l Field strength / power density

l Exposition time

l Colocated and other ambient radio sources

l International recommendations

l Regional limits and measurement procedures differ between the countries Challenge: the physics is fact, but no standardized test procedures and no standardized limits. Depending on national guidelines and may differ between countries

3 Rohde & Schwarz 5G EMF measurements aspects - ITU Regional Forum for Europe, 22/23 October 2020 EMF STANDARDIZATION (FOR 5G) International: l „ICNIRP Guidelines For Limiting Exposure To Time-Varying Electric, Magnetic, And Electromagnetic Fields (Up To 300 GHz)„ l IEC 62232: Determination of RF field strength and SAR in the vicinity of radio- communication base stations for the purpose of evaluating human exposure l ITU-R SM.2452 Electromagnetic field measurements to assess human exposure l ITU-T K.100 Measurement of radio frequency electromagnetic fields to determine compliance with human exposure limits when a base station is put into service

Europe (examples): l 1999/519/EC: COUNCIL RECOMMENDATION on the limitation of exposure of the general public to electromagnetic fields (0 Hz to 300 GHz) l 2013/35/EC: Directive on the minimum health and safety requirements regarding the exposure of workers to the risks arising from physical agents (electromagnetic fields) l ECC Recommendation (02)04: Measuring Non-Ionizing Electromagnetic Radiation (9 kHz – 300 GHz) l EN 50413: Basic standard on measurement and calculation procedures for human exposure to electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields (0 Hz – 300 GHz) l EN 50400: Basic standard for wireless telecommunication networks when put into service l EN 50492: Basic standard for the in-situ measurement of electromagnetic field strength related to human exposure in the vicinity of base stations l In addition different national standards apply, which are partially more strict

4 Rohde & Schwarz 5G EMF measurements aspects - ITU Regional Forum for Europe, 22/23 October 2020 SCOPE OF EMF MEASUREMENTS

There are Short- and Longterm various Outdoor measurement methods and Indoor aspects of Conformance EMF measurement Applications with regulations in general and more complex Comparison of Data for with 5G due to different transmitters its flexible public information Statistical data nature

5 Rohde & Schwarz 5G EMF measurements aspects - ITU Regional Forum for Europe, 22/23 October 2020 DIFFERENCES 4G / 5G Feature 4G 5G

Antenna pattern Fixed, equal for signalling and all data Beam forming Typ. beam pattern Azimut: 60° or 360° Depending on type of signal and antenna Elevation: ≈ 10° Frequency range 400 MHz to 6 GHz FR1: 400 MHz to 7 GHz, FR2: 28 GHz, 38 GHz, (43, 47, beyond) RF bandwidth ≤ 20 MHz ≤ 100 MHz (FR1), ≤ 400 MHz (FR2) Signalling In mid of frequency band, always on, At fixed frequencies, not necessarily in same pattern as data same band, beam constant or scanning Reference Cell specific, always tranmitted, Flexible and configurable reference symbols distributed over the bandwidth signal concept. Only SSB is “always on“

6 Rohde & Schwarz 5G EMF measurements aspects - ITU Regional Forum for Europe, 22/23 October 2020 IS 5G NR MORE CHALLENGING REGARDING EMF EXPOSURE?

EMF test strategy: • A priori information about the site, e.g. beam configuration? • Which beams are visible? • What is the worst case condition? E.g. peak beam direction and max power? • Obtain information from data sheet, e.g. radiation pattern and max TX power Example: Technical Report Measurement Method for 5G

NR Base Stations, Federal Institute of Metrology, Switzerland

https://www.metas.ch/dam/metas/de/data/dokumentation/rechtliches/nisv/Nr_measure ment_methods_2_1_en.pdf.download.pdf/Nr_measurement_methods_2_1_en.pdf

7 Rohde & Schwarz 5G EMF measurements aspects - ITU Regional Forum for Europe, 22/23 October 2020 THANK YOU

8 Rohde & Schwarz Mar 2020 5G EMF measurements aspects