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Fall 04 9-16.Idd CENTER FOR AUSTRIAN STUDIES AUSTRIAN STUDIES NEWSLETTER Vol. 16, No. 2 Fall 2004 Thomas Klestil at home and abroad by Anton Pelinka Thomas Klestil (1932-2004), the seventh federal president of Austria since 1945, died less than two days before his tenure as head of state would have ended. Klestil’s life and career reflect the success story of the Second Republic, but also some critical aspects of Austria. In America, where he spent many years as a diplomat, he did much to promote a positive Austrian image. As president, he tempered that judiciously with post-Waldheim honesty and won many friends for Austria in Central Europe. However, within his own country, he was a controversial man who was sometimes at odds with his party and lacked the necessary power to change policy. Klestil was the product of an atypical social and political environment: His family was strictly Catholic, but his father worked for the Vienna public transportation authority. As a streetcar conductor, his father was part of an overwhelmingly socialist milieu. But his Catholic background made him and his family a minority—a Catholic conservative exception, living in a typical blue-collar part of Vienna (Erdberg); a member of the Catholic conservative camp surrounded by members of the socialist camp. Thomas Klestil’s career was influenced by these roots. During his studies at the University of Economics in Vienna, he joined a Catholic fraternity—the “Cartell-Verband” (CV), which has always been strongly identified with the Christian Social Party, with the Dollfuß Regime and, beginning in 1945, with the Austrian People’s Party (ÖVP). The CV was (and still is) one of the important gatekeepers of Austrian politics, as it was in Klestil’s case. After joining Austria’s diplomatic service, Klestil became one of the secretaries in Chancellor Josef Klaus’s office. His main task was to advise Klaus in matters of foreign policy. This was excellent preparation for further challenges and duties. Klaus, chancellor from 1964 to 1970, was responsible for the end of Former Austrian President Thomas Klestil (1932-2004). the Second Republic’s first “grand coalition” between socialists and conservatives. As a conservative head of government, he had to deal with a socialist head of state: with Adolf Schärf (until 1965) and then In This Issue with Franz Jonas. This strategic situation would repeat itself decades later, when Klestil became president in 1992 and social democrats Letter from the Director 2 Franz Vranitzky and Viktor Klima headed another “grand coalition.” Minnesota Calendar 3 But once more it was a conservative chancellor, Wolfgang Schüssel, Austrian Government honors CAS veterans 3 who ended the alliance between SPÖ and ÖVP in 2000. When this New Minor in Austrian Studies 4 happened, Klestil did everything in his power to prevent Schüssel ASN Interview: Gabriele Mras 6 from forming a coalition with the Freedom Party (FPÖ). Music in Viennese Popular Comedy 10 By failing to do so, Klestil demonstrated the limits of his office. ASN Interview: Sieglinde Rosenberger 12 Austria is not a presidential republic. It is not the directly elected Publications: News and Reviews 14 president who decides about the government, it is the majority in the Hot off the Presses 17 National Council, the first chamber of the Austrian parliament. The News from the Field: Fulbright Opportunities 18 year 2000, when Klestil had to appoint, against his political wisdom, SAHH News 19 the Schüssel/Riess-Passer coalition cabinet, consisting of ÖVP and News from the North 20 FPÖ members, was the final turning point in Klestil’s career. He Habsburg Happenings 21 became alienated from his own party, which had nominated him in 2004 Salzburg Festival Review 22 1992. Interactive Art Exhibit Comes to Anderson Library 25 continued on page 24 Announcements 26 College of Liberal Arts: celebrating 135 years v AUSTRIAN STUDIES NEWSLETTER FALL 2004 Letter from the Director With this issue of the Newsletter, we welcome formally Ms. Linda regular international conferences, the books published by the Center, D. Andrean as the new administrative manager of the Center (see the annual Robert A. Kann Memorial Lecture, the book, dissertation story, p. 8), succeeding Barbara Krauss-Christensen, who retired in and article prizes, the travel scholarships for graduate and undergradu- June. Barbara is much missed by her colleagues at the University of ate students, and the smaller symposia and lectures we offer on the Minnesota and many friends of the Center, but I am pleased to report Twin Cities campus have found appreciative audiences that expect that Linda Andrean is already making important contributions to the those programs to continue. Accordingly, we have maintained these Center on a number of fronts. With some twenty years of experience core programs and made economies wherever we could. We have, for at the university, she knows the campus bureaucracy and financial example, reduced the frequency of our conferences to every second systems well and is helping all of us at the Center to navigate through year, cut temporarily the number of travel scholarships awarded each those sometimes difficult waters. year, and, for now, publish the Newsletter only twice a year—albeit in Directors of research programs, institutes, and academic depart- a larger format—instead of three times. ments in universities always face the dilemma of finding ways both How will the Center build on those existing programs? How will to continue successful programs and to launch initiatives to address it find the means to make new initiatives that address new concerns new areas of inquiry. The dilemma becomes particularly urgent when about the Austrian and Central European experience? At the Center we one has to face reduced financial resources and choose what activi- need advice and suggestions about new areas of inquiry and research ties must be sacrificed to permit others to continue or new programs approaches that cut across existing institutional and disciplinary lines. to be started. After a period of significant expansion in the1990s, We must also find new financial resources to support both existing universities and research institutions in much of the developed world and new programs in the face of rising costs. We can expect that the have faced serious budgetary problems in recent years. I need hardly Center’s endowment income will grow modestly in the next few years, remind American readers of this newsletter that the general economic but it is really up to friends of the Center on both sides of the Atlantic recession and fall in the stock market between 2000 and 2003 reduced to help us to determine what new initiatives we shall make and to sup- substantially the tax revenues upon which state universities in the port them financially and intellectually. The growth and development United States depend as well as the endowment income that sup- of the Center will not be possible otherwise. ports major programs in public as well as private universities. I have For financial assistance, we look to various foundations, other pro- reported previously in these columns that the Center for Austrian Stud- grams at the University of Minnesota with which we cooperate, vari- ies had to cut its budget between fiscal year 2003 and fiscal year 2004 ous Austrian and American government sources, and to individuals as by nearly 30 per cent because of diminished revenues. well. In addition to the Center’s main endowment fund, the Center has Thanks to the hard work of staff members and directors over twenty- established with the University of Minnesota Foundaton a scholarship seven years of history, the Center for Austrian Studies has developed a fund, the Robert A. Kann Memorial Lecture Fund, and the fund for range of successful programs that we are trying to maintain. From spe- the R. John Rath Article Prize. We are particularly interested at this cialists in Austrian and Central European studies across North Amer- time in raising revenue for the Kann Lecture Fund to establish it as ica and around the world, my colleagues and I at the Center know that an endowment, and in increasing the scholarship fund so that we can the Austrian History Yearbook, the Austrian Studies Newsletter, our make a larger number of grants to students. We hope that many among the Center’s friends will consider contributing to these funds. Please contact me or Linda Andrean, administrative manager of the Center, EDITOR’S NOTE by letter, telephone, or e-mail if you are interested in making a gift. Gary B. Cohen It was twenty years ago today, Sgt. Pepper . or rather, Carl Schorske came to the Center for Austrian Studies to deliver the very first Robert Kann Memorial Lecture. It wasn’t exactly today, AUSTRIAN STUDIES NEWSLETTER either; it was April 19, 1984. The occasion was the official dedi- Volume 16, No. 2 • Fall 2004 cation of the Kann Memorial Library, which had come to the Uni- Editor: Daniel Pinkerton versity of Minnesota largely through the efforts of R. John Rath. Editorial Assistants: Arnold Lelis, Nicole Phelps, Linda Andrean At this time, the Center decided to sponsor an annual lecture by an ASN is published twice annually (February and September) and distributed eminent public figure or Habsburg historian. Later, a fund to sup- free of charge to interested subscribers as a public service of the Center for port the Kann Lecture was started by his family. The series began Austrian Studies. Director: Gary B. Cohen with Schorske, then (and still) one of the world’s most respected Executive Secretary: Linda Andrean scholars, famous for his Fin-de-Siècle Vienna (Knopf, 1980). His Editor: Daniel Pinkerton lecture, “Grace and the Word: Austria’s Two Cultures and Their Subscription requests or contributions for publication should be sent to: Modern Fate,” was published in the Austrian History Yearbook Center for Austrian Studies (as nearly all Kann Lectures have been), and reprinted in his book Attn: Austrian Studies Newsletter 314 Social Sciences Building, 267 19th Avenue S.
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