Marine Isopods from the Lesser Antilles and Colombia (Crustacea: Peracarida)

4 October 1994 PROC. BIOL. Soc. WASH. 107(3),1994, pp. 482-510 MARINE ISOPODS FROM THE LESSER ANTILLES AND COLOMBIA (CRUSTACEA: PERACARIDA)

Abstract. -Records of shallow-water marine isopods from Colombia, To- bago, and Dominica are listed. These are derived from recent collections as well as from published records. Several new species are described: Joeropsis tobagoensis, Munna caprinsula, Anopsilana sinu, Paraimene charlesae (the sec- ond known species in the genus), Pseudocerceis latistylis (the first record of the genus in the Atlantic), Sphaeromopsis heardi, and Astacilla marna.

While records of marine isopods from the or new records, but no attempt has been overall Caribbean are relatively plentiful, made to indicate these in Table 1. the south-eastern region including the Less- er Antilles, Trinidad and Tobago, and Ven- Systematics ezuela, is poorly represented (see Kensley & Suborder Asellota Schotte 1989). The work of H.-G. Muller Family Joeropsidae in Colombia (see Table 1) has revealed the Joeropsis tobagoensis, new species rich isopod fauna of the south-western Ca- Fig. 1 ribbean. With reference to marine isopods, the faunal ties with the shallow-water north- Material. - Holotype, USNM 25276 I, 5 ern Brazilian region are slender, being about tl 1.9 mm, Allotype, USNM 252762, ~ tl 3% of the Caribbean fauna (Kensley & 1.8 mm, Paratypes, USNM 252763, 5 "5,2 Schotte 1989:262), but this figure almost ovig. ~, 11 ~, sta 5, Sandy Bay, Tobago, sand certainly will change with increased col- and rock washings, intertidal to 1.5 m, colI. lecting. This paper attempts to fill some of RH, 7 Apr 1992.- USNM 252764, 1 5, Pi- the gaps in the knowledge of the shallow- geon Point, Tobago, colI. RH, 7 Apr 1992.- water isopod diversity of the southeastern USNM 252765, 2 5, 2 ~, sta 8, east side of Caribbean. Material was collected by both Man 0' War Bay, Tobago, rocky intertidal, authors (BK & MS) on two separate occa- colI. RH, 6 Apr 1992.- USNM 252766, 1 sions around the island of Dominica, and 5, Goat Island, Tobago, sediment, 4-5 m, by the second author (MS) on a single field- colI. RH, 14 Jan 1993. trip to Tobago. Material from the latter is- Diagnosis. - Free m,;ugin of rostrum land was also made available by Dr. R. W. broadly convex. Lateral margins of cepha- Heard (RH), the result of two collecting trips Ion entire. Lateral margins of pleotelson sponsored by J. David Hardy, for a faunal having 3 teeth. Dorsal cephal on with retic- survey requested by the Tobago House of ulated pigmentation. Assembly. Material from two collecting trips Description. - Male: Body 3 times longer to Colombia was made available by Dr. R. than wide. Cephalon width 1.4 times length. Lemaitre (RL) and Dr. Darryl Felder (DF). Rostrum evenly convex with fringe of trans- Much of the material from Dominica and parent teeth, flanked by rounded lobes. Pig- Tobago represents either range extensions ment reticulated, on cephal on only. An- VOLUME 107, NUMBER 3 483

Table I.-Records of marine isopods from Colombia, Dominica, and Tobago, compiled from the collections mentioned in the Introduction, plus the published Colombian records of Muller (l988a, 1988b, 1989, 1990a, 1990b, 1990c, 1990d, 1991, 1992, 1993a, 1993b, 1993c).

Species Colombia Dominica Tobago

Anthuridea Family Anthuridae A makusanthura para magnifica + Amakusanthura signata + + Amakusanthura tengo + Amakusanthura vermiformis + Apanthura cracenta + Apanthuroides millae + Chalixanthura sp. + Cortezura confixa + Licranthura amyle + Mesanthura cf brasiliensis + Mesanthura fasciata + Mesanthura hopkinsi + Mesanthura paucidens + + Mesanthura pulchra + + Mesanthura punctillata + + Minyanthura corallicola + + Pendanthura hendleri + Family Hyssuridae Chalixanthura colombiana + Eisothistos tayronae + Kupellonura sp. + Stellanthura caribbica + Xenanthura conchae + Family Paranthuridae Accalathura crenulata + Colanthura tenuis + Paranthura infundibulata + + + Asellota Family Gnathostenetroididae Neostenetroides sp. + Family Janiridae Carpias algicola + + Carpias brachydactylus + Carpias parvus + Carpias punctatus + + Carpias serricaudus + + + Carpias triton + Janira gracilis + Family Joeropsidae Joeropsis paradubia + Joeropsis personata + Joeropsis rathbunae + + Joeropsis tayrona + Joeropsis tobagoensis + Colombia Dominica Tobago

Family Munnidae Munna caprinsula + Uromunna sp. A + Uromunna sp. B + Uromunna sp. C + Family Paramunnidae Munnogonium wilsoni + Family Pleurocopidae Pleurocope jloridensis + Family Santiidae Halacarsantia sp. + Santia milleri + + Family Stenetriidae Stenetrium minocule + + Stenetrium patulipalma + Stenetrium stebbingi + + + Family Incertae Sedis Mexicope kensleyi + Flabellifera Family Aegidae Rocinela signata Family Cirolanidae Anopsilana sinu Calyptolana hancocki Orolana kiliani Cirolana parva Colopisthus parvus Eurydice personata Excirolana brasiliensis Excirolana mayana Metacirolana agaricicola Metacirolana agujae Metacirolana halia Metacirolana sphaeromijormis Neocirolana tayronae Family Corallanidae Alcirona krebsii Excorallana delaneyi Excorallana sexticornis Excorallana tricornis tricornis Excorallana warmingii Family Cymothoidae Cymothoa excisa Family Limnoriidae Limnoria indica Limnoria pfefferi VOLUME 107, NUMBER 3 485

Table I. -Continued.

Species Colombia Dominica Tobago Limnoria platycauda + + + Paralimnoria andrewsi + Phycolimnoria clarkae + Family Serolidae Serolis mgrayi + Family Sphaeromatidae Ancinus brazi/iensis + Cassidinidea ovalis + + Dynamenella perforata + Exosphaeroma diminutum + Geocerceis barbarae + Paracerceis caudata + + + Paradella plicatura + Paraimene charlesae + + Paraleptosphaeroma glynni + Pseudocerceis latistylis + Sphaeromopsis heardi + + Gnathiidea Family Gnathiidae Gnathia beethoveni + + Gnathia gonzalezi + Gnathia magdalenensis + Gnathia samariensis + Gnathia vellosa + Gnathia virginalis + Oniscidea Family Ligiidae Ligia baudiniana + Family Philosciidae Littorophiloscia culebrae + Family Tylidae Tylos niveus + + Tylos wegeneri + Valvifera Family Astacillidae Arcturella spinata + Astacilla cymodocea + Astacilla mama + Astacilla tayronae + Astacilla sp. + Edwinjoycea horologium + Family Idoteidae Cleantioides occidentalis + Cleantioides planicauda + Edotia samariensis + Erichsonella fili/ormis + + + Jdotea metallica + terolateral angles of cephalon acute; eyes terior margin, differs from that of J. coralic- well-pigmented. Body nearly glabrous with ola which has a slightly indented anterior fewscattered setae on margins of pereonites. margin. Pleotelson width 1.3 times length, lateral Etymology. - The specificepithet derives margins with 3 teeth and several setae, apex from the type locality, Tobago. narrowly rounded. Antennule, basal article longest and wid- Family Munnidae est with transparent dentate flange on outer Munna caprinsula, new species distal angle; articles 2-4 with few setae; ter- Figs. 2, 3 minal article with 2 aesthetascs and four simple setae. Antennal article 4 largest; Material. -Holotype, USNM 252767, 5 transparent fringe on outer margins of ar- tl 1.0 mm, Allotype, USNM 252768, 2 tl ticles 4 and 5; flagellum of 8 setose articles. 1.2 mm, Paratypes, USNM 252769, 7 2, Mandibular palp of 3 articles, article 2 hav- Goat Island, Tobago, tube sponge, 4-5 m, ing 3 distal fringed spines, article 3 with 5 colI. RH, 14 Jan 1993.-Paratypes, USNM distal fringed spines; spine row of 9 spines 252770, 2 5, 2 ovig. 2, 2 2, sta 8, east side on both mandibles, blunt projection be- of Man 0' War Bay, Tobago, rocky inter- tween 7th and 8th spines on left mandible tidal, colI. RH, 6 Apr 1992. only; molar slender, tapering. Maxilla 1, in- Diagnosis. - Pleotelson longer than wide. ner ramus with 3 slender terminal setae and Pereopod 1 in male carpochelate, carpus several fine setules; outer ramus with 12 broad, with bidentate process at postero- stout dentate spines. Maxilla 2, inner ramus distal angle. Pleopod 1in male, mesial lobes with 3 simple setate and several setules dis- of rami having very obtuse angle. tally; both lobes of outer ramus bearing one Description. - Male: Body almost 3 times simple and 3 fringed setae. Maxillipedal en- longer than wide, pereonite 1wider and lon- dite broad, bearing 3 coupling hooks, dis- ger than all other pereonites. Several setae tolateral margin weakly serrate, mediodis- on dorsum and lateral margins. Head with tally emarginate with 2 widely separated straight anterior margin bearing 6 setae; eyes flattened spines; palp of 5 articles, penulti- on short stalks, with few ommatidia. Pleon mate article longest. Pereopods typical for of one short segment and globose pleotel- genus, except pereopod 7 having antero- son, longer than wide, dorsally sparsely se- distal margin of merus strongly serrate. tose, posteriorly rounded. Pleopods 1 and 2 as figured. Uropod with Antennule of 7 articles, single aesthetasc mediodistal angle curved and acute; inner on distal 2 articles; article 2 with single se- ramus bearing 2 plumose and several simple tose spine distally. Antenna missing in all setae; outer ramus shorter with long and specimens. Mandibular palp 3-segmented, short setae. terminal article with 3 distal spines and two Female: Operculum, proximal half with medial rows of combed spines; molar pro- broadly convex margins, distal half tapering cess distally truncate, nor serrate; spine row to apex bearing 4 setae. of 4 spines; lacinia mobilis with 4 cusps, Remarks. -Joeropsis tobagoensis resem- incisor of 4 cusps. Maxillae typical of genus. bles the Caribbean species J. coralicola Maxilliped, article 2 of palp largest, all ar- Schultz & McCloskey, 1967, and J. rath- ticles bearing setae; endite with 3 retinacu- bunae Richardson, 1902. Both of these are lae and several setae; distal margin truncate much more setose than J. tobagoensis, have with 5 fringed spines, 3-4 submarginal serrated margins of the pleotelson, and re- feather setae, and 3 simple spines. Pereopod ticulated pigment over the entire body. The 1 carpochelate, length of propodus, carpus rostrum, which has an evenly convex an- and merus combined somewhat less than 1/2 Fig. I. Joeropsis tobagoensis. A, male in dorsal view; B, antenna; C, antennule; D, uropod; E, pereopod 7; F, maxilla I; G, right mandible; H, left mandible; I, male pleopod 2; J, pleotelson; K, rostrum; L, female operculum; M, male pleopod I; N, maxilla 2; 0, maxilliped. length of body; merus widening distally; about 3.5 times as long as wide, barely carpus widening distally into bidentate pro- reachingdistal margin of carpus, unguis long cess, single spines at anterodistal angle; and slender. Pereopods 2-7 slender with propodus nearly as wide as long; dactylus sensory spines on margins of carpi and Gii Fig. 2. Munna caprinsu/a. A, male in dorsal view; B, mandible; C, maxilla I; D, maxilla 2; E, maxilliped; F, pereopod I 2; G, uropod; H, antennule; I, pereopod I <3. propodi; dactyli biunguiculate with single Pleopod 3, outer ramus with about 5 setae seta between slender ungui. Pleopod 1,rami on surface, inner ramus much shorter and fused for about 213 oflength, inner distal lobe bearing 3 distal plumose setae. Pleopod 4, bearing about 6 setae, outer lobe acute, tri- outer ramus broadly triangular, inner ramus angular. Pleopod 2, outer ramus with about slender with 2 distal plumose setae. Uro- 12 simple setae on surface and fine fringe pod, longer ramus parallel-sided with on outer margin; inner ramus tapering, ex- rounded apex bearing about 5 setae; smaller tending just beyond apex of outer ramus. ramus much shorter with one seta. Fig. 3. Munna caprinsula. A, pereopod 2; B, pereopod 7; C, pleopod I; D, pleopod 2; E, pleopod 4; F, operculum; G, pleopod 3.

Female: Body ovate, widest at pereonite near anterodistal angle; propodus with sin- 4; pereonite I not enlarged as in male. Pe- gle sensory spine at posterodistal angle; dac- reopod I shorter than other legs; carpus ex- tylus biunguiculate, anterior unguis longer tended distally with 3 sensory spines at or than posterior. Operculum wider than long, almost oval, dorsal surface setose with two gins of pereonites and pleonites. Length of pairs of stout, setose spines near proximal largest specimen 7.9 mm. Body length more margin. than 3 times width. Anterior margin of Color. -Pigment somewhat variable; cephalon produced into small rostrum sep- several specimens with large, brown pig- arating bases of antennae 1, and ventrally, ment spots at anterior margin of pereonite appearing to insert into anterior edge of 2; smaller patches on distolateral pleotelson frontal lamina. Latter rectangular, length near uropods; some specimens with pig- about 1.7 times width. Cylpeus as deep as ment only on pleotelson, some with no col- width of frontal lamina. Pereonite 1longest, oration. pereonites 2-6 gradually increasing in length, Remarks. -Munna caprinsula most pereonite 7 somewhat shorter than 6. Pos- closely resembles another Caribbean coge- terior edges of coxae 2-3 rounded, 4-7 acute; ner, M. petronastes Kensley, 1984, from Be- coxa of pereonite 7 reaching beyond pleo- lize, but differs in pigment pattern and in nite 1; all coxae with oblique carinae. Pleo- the morphology of the first pereopod of the nites 1-4 subequal in length, 5 longest; pleo- male. All other munnids from the western nite 1 partly overlapped by pereonite 7; Atlantic are in the genus Uromunna, which pleonite 5 overlapped laterally by pleonite lacks mandibular palps and has a single 4; epimera of pleonites 1-3 pointed, of aesthetasc on the antennule. pleonite 4, rounded. Pleotelson triangular, Etymology. - The specific epithet is de- slightly longer than wide, rounded apically, rived from the Latin, capri, goat, and insula, armed with 10 spines and many interspers- island, and refers to the type locality. ing setae. Antennule reaching to midpoint of pereo- nite 1,flagellumwith 11articles and 8 aesth- Suborder Flabellifera etascs in male. Antenna nearly reaching per- Family Cirolanidae eonite 4, flagellumwith 19articles. Mandible Anopsilana sinu, new species Figs. 4-6 as figured, tricuspid. Exopod of maxilla 1 with 12 spines, 2 with accessory spinules, Material.-Holotype, USNM 252771, 1 endopod with 3 plumose spines. Maxilla 2 ovig. 2 tl6.0 mm, Allotype, USNM 252772, with 5 and 8 setae on palp and exopod re- 1 5 tl 7.9 mm, Paratypes, USNM 252773, spectively; endopod with 11 setae, some 79 5, 19 ovig. 2, 100+ non-ovigerous 2 & plumose. Maxilliped with one coupling juv., from mussel-covered mangrove roots hook. Pereopods as figured, with 1 plumose in drainage canal of Rio Sinu between Cie- seta each on ischium and basis. Pereopod 7 naga Soledad and Bahia de Cisputan, about as figured. Pleopod 1 with 4 hooks and 2 2 miles from seacoast, < 1m depth in brack- setae on protopod, stout simple seta on ish water of 10-25 ppm, colI. RL & DF, 25 proximolateral margin of exopod; proto pod Oct 1992. of pieopod 2 bearing 3 hooks and 3 plumose Diagnosis. - Body length more than 3 setae, copulatory stylet tapering to rounded times greatest width. Frontal lamina rect- apex, nearly twice length of endopod. Pleo- angular, 1.7 times longer than wide. Uro- pod 3 with 3 hooks, 3 plumose setae and 3 podal exopod having 7 spines on lateral simple setae on protopod. Pleopod 4 having margin; uropodal endopod having 2 spines 3 hooks and 2 setae on protopod; pleopod on lateral margin, 5 spines on mesial mar- 5 as figured. Uropods reaching beyond apex gin. Pleotelsonic apex having 10 spines. of pleotelson; exopod with 7 spines on lat- Description. -Scattered pigment, fre- eral margin, 3 on mesial margin. Endopod quently dense, on all somites and uropods, longer than exopod, with 5 mesial and 2 most concentrated toward posterior mar- lateral spines. .~~,>.~:,'-~,:~::~~~.~~~..'~;;"

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Fig. 4. Anopsilana sinu. A, male in dorsal view; B, antennule; C, antenna; D, male in lateral view; E, uropod; F, apex of pleotelson; G, mandible; H, maxilla 2; I, maxilliped; J, maxilla 1. Fig. 5. Anopsilana sinu. A, pereopod I; B, pereopod 2; C, pereopod 7; D, pleopod 3; E, pleopod 2 5; F, coupling hooks and setae of pleopod 1 protopod enlarged; G, pleopod 4; H, pleopod 5; I, pleopod I. Fig. 6. A, Anopsilana sinu, frontal lamina and clypeus; B, Anopsilana oaxaca, frontal lamina and clypeus; C, Anopsilana browni, frontal lamina and clypeus; D, Anopsilana browni, frontal lamina and clypeus from more ventral position than in C; E, Anopsilana jonesi, frontal lamina and clypeus; F, Anopsilana browni, lateral view of anterior cephalon. Remarks. -Of the 14 known species of ovig.~, tl 3.1 mm, 2juv., sta K-DOM-19, Anopsi!ana, six are blind and are found in Grand Bay, Dominica, algal turf including caves, wells, or springs. The present new branching corallines and Dictyota, on boul- species can be separated from the remaining ders, 0.5 m, colI. BK&MS, 18Nov 1992.- non-anchialine Atlantic and eastern Pacific USNM 252776, 1 juv., sta K-DOM-I, cogeners (except A. oaxaca Carvacho & Portsmouth, Dominica, encrusting algae on Haasmann, 1984),by the morphology of the intertidal concrete blocks, colI. BK, 22 Mar frontal lamina. In A. jonesi Kensley, 1987 1989.-USNM 252777, ovig. ~ tl 3.0 mm, (from Belize), the frontal lamina is pentag- sta K-DOM-4, Calabishie, Dominica, in- onal, while the projecting, rounded frontal tertidal/shallow infratidal algal turf on lamina ofA. browni (Van Name, 1936)(from beachrock platform, colI. BK, 22 Mar Cuba, Belize, and Pacific Costa Rica) clearly 1989.-USNM 252778, 4 ~ tl 3.1 mm, sta identifies that species. The new species from K-DOM-15, Scots Head, Dominica, algal the Caribbean is obviously very closely re- turf on subtidal boulders, colI. BK & MS, lated to A. oaxaca from the Pacific coast of 17Nov 1992.-USNM 252779,7 juv., Man Mexico. The frontal laminae are similar 0' War Bay, Tobago, 1m plankton tow, colI. when viewed with a light microscope. Scan- R. Heard, 6 Apr 1992. ning electron microscopy, however, reveals Diagnosis. - Pleotelson of male basally that the frontal lamina ofA. oaxaca is nearly inflated with one pair of small, and 2 pairs square, with a length/width ratio of 1.2 in- large rounded tubercles. Pleotelson of fe- stead of 1.7, and is slightly widened distally. male having only 2 pairs of rounded tuber- Anopsi!ana oaxaca is stouter in shape, with cles; apex narrower than in male. Accessory the body length 2.5 times the maximum dactylar spine of pereopods bilobed. Cop- width. Differences between the two species ulatory stylet of pleopod 2 in male slender, can be seen in spination of the uropods, the reaching by half its length beyond apex of number of articles of the antennal and an- endopod. Uropodal endopod offemale with tennular flagellae (fewer in the new species short mesiodistal lobe. in all cases), in the number of setae on max- Description. - Mature male: Body length illa 2, the shape of the apex of the pleotelson about 1.9 times greatest width; dorsal in- (more narrowly rounded in A. oaxaca) and tegumental surface smooth, with few scat- in the general pigmentation pattern. The tered short setae. Cephalon roughly semi- copulatory stylet is proportionately longer circular, domed, lacking ridges, tiny rostral in A. sinu: 25-35% longer than the endopod point not visible dorsally; epistome ante- in A. oaxaca and nearly twice the endopodal riorly broadly rounded, with short diverging length in the new species. Given these subtle arms embracing labrum; eyes large, dorso- yet consistent differences, Anopsilana oaxa- lateral. Pereonal tergites unornamented; ca and A. sinu may represent geminate spe- pereonite 6 with posteriorly projecting tri- cies on either side of the Central American lobed narrow ridge; pereonite 7 unorna- isthmus. mented, much shorter than, and overlapped Etymology. - The specificepithet is taken laterally by 6. Pleon consisting of single short from the type locality, the Rio Sinu, Colom- free pleonite plus pleotelson, latter anteri- bia. orly bulbous, bearing one small and 2 large tubercles on each side; posterior half taper- ing rapidly to narrowly rounded apex. Family Sphaeromatidae Antennule with broad basal article sub- Paraimene charlesae, new species equal in length to articles 2 and 3; flagellum Figs. 7, 8 of 7 articles, equal in length to 2 distal pe- Material. -Ho10type, USNM 252774, <3 duncle articles, second flagellar article with tl 3.1 mm, Paratypes, USNM 252775, 2 2 aesthetascs, articles 3-5 each with single c

Fig. 7. Paraimene char/esae. A, male in dorsal view; B, female pleon in dorsal view; C, antennule; D, antenna; E, maxilla I; F, maxilla 2; G, left mandible; H, right mandible; I, mandibular palp; J, maxilliped. Fig. 8. Paraimene char/esae. A, pereopod I; B, pereopod 2; C, pereopod 3; D, pereopod 4; E, pereopod 5; F, pereopod 6; G, pereopod 7; H, pereopodal dactylar unguis and accessory spine; I, pleopod I; J, pleopod 3; K, pleopod 4; L, pleopod 5; M, pleopod 2. aesthetasc. Antenna subequal in length to verse suture and 3 spinulose bosses. Uro- antennule, peduncular articles relatively podal rami subequal, distally rounded, slender, increasing in length distally; flagel- reaching well beyond pleotelsonic apex. lum of 9 setose articles. Mandible with Ovigerous female: Differing from male in sclerotized incisor of 3 cusps; sclerotized la- lacking trilobed ridge on tergite ofpereonite cinia mobilis of 2 cusps; spine row of 4 ser- 6; bulbous anterior region of pIeotelson with rate to fringed spines; molar broad, trun- 2 rather than 3 tubercles on each side; pleo- cate, with marginal teeth; palp of 3 articles, telsonic apex more narrowly acute than in article with 3 distolateral fringed setae; ar- male; uropodal endopod distomesially ticle 3 with distolateral row of 5 fringed se- slightly lobed and upturned against pleo- tae. Maxilla 1, inner ramus with 4 stout telson. fringed setae; outer ramus bearing about 9 Color. - Dorsally with mottled or retic- blunt nondentate spines. Maxilla 2, inner ulate grey-brown pigment, pleotelson often ramus with 6 fringed setae on distomesial solidly pigmented. margin and 2 simple setae distolaterally; Remarks. - The present material agrees both lobes of outer ramus bearing 4 curved in several features with the diagnosis of Pa- fringed spines. Maxillipedal endite broad, raimene Javed & Ahmed, 1988, and with with singlecoupling hook on mesial margin, its single species P. tuberculata recorded distal margin bearing 9 stout fringed setae; from the coast of Pakistan. This agreement palp of 5 articles, articles 2-4 each with well is seen in the mouthparts structure, the coxa developed distomesial setose lobe. Pereo- of pereopod 6 almost completely overlap- pods increasing in length posteriorly, hav- ping that of 7, the bifid accessory dactylar ing short setulose pile on posterior surfaces spine of the pereopods, the structure of the of ischium, merus, carpus, and propodus. penes, the pleotelsonic structure, the pleo- Pereopod 1 with merus, short carpus, and pods (including the structure of the copu- propodus each with 2 squat setae postero- latory stylet, the transverse suture of the distally; squat, broadly bilobed accessory exopod of pleopod 3, and the acute apex of spine at base of dactylus. Pereopod 2 mark- the exopod of pIeopod 4), and the uropods. edly more slend

Fig. 12. Sphaeromopsis heardi. A, male in dorsal view; B, antennule; C, antenna; D, mandible; E, maxilla I; F, maxilla 2; G, maxilliped; H, frontal lamina and clypeus; I, penes; J, pleopod I; K, pleopod 2; L, pleopod 3; M, pleopod 4; N, pieopod 5; 0, left uropod. Fig. 13. Sphaeromopsis heardi. A, pereopod 1; B, pereopod 2; C, pereopod 3; D, pereopod 4; E, pereopod 6; F, pereopod 5; G, pereopod 7. rounded, pitted. Pereonal tergites each with several anterodistal and posterodistal stout transverse rounded and pitted ridge near fringed setae. Penile rami on sternite 7 ba- posterior margin. Pleon with single free sally fused, rami tapering to narrow apices. pleonite having 2 short suture lines reaching Pleopod 1, basis short, with 3 distomesial posterior margin, bearing two transverse coupling hooks; endopod narrowly trian- pitted ridges. Pleotelson broadly triangular, gular, exopod roughly rectangular, with stout apexbroadly rounded; dorsally with 2 broad, stiff seta proximally. Pleopod 2, endopod raised subrectangular areas bearing scat- triangular, with narrow tapering copulatory tered low pitted tubercles. stylet articulating basally, just reaching apex Antennule with broad basal article, prox- of ramus ; exopod roughly rectangular. Pleo- imally slightly flexed, subequal in length to pod 3, basis broadly rectangular, with 3 cou- articles 2 and 3 together; flagellum of 7 ar- pling hooks; endopod triangular; exopod ticles; articles 3-6 each bearing single aes- roughly ovate. Pleopod 4, both rami having thetasc. Antenna with peduncle articles 1 transverse pleats, basally broad, gently ta- and 2 short, subequal, together subequal to pering to rounded apices. Pleopod 5, both article 3; articles 3 and 4 subequal, slightly rami having transverse pleats, exopod lon- shorter than article 5; flagellum of 10 setose ger than endopod, with transverse suture articles. Mandible with sclerotized incisor distally, bearing 3 spinulose bosses. Uro- of 3 cusps, spine row of 5 fringed spines, podal rami subequal in length, endopod molar with numerous marginal teeth; palp narrower than endopod, both rami apically with 3 distal fringed setae on article 2, 5 rounded. fringed setae on article 3. Maxilla 1, inner Female: Cephalon, pereon, and pleon as ramus with 4 fringed setae; outer ramus in male. bearing 4 distally blunt spines plus several Remarks. - The genus Sphaeromopsis slender fringed spines. Maxilla 2, inner ra- Holdich & Jones, 1973, contains four spe- mus with 7 setae on distal margin; both lobes cies, only one of which is from the Atlantic, of outer ramus bearing 4 curved fringed viz. S. mourei (Loyola e Silva 1960) from spines. Maxillipedal endite broad, with sin- Brazil (see Holdich & Harrison 1981). While gle coupling hook on mesial margin, distal agreeing with the Brazilian species in almost margin bearing 7-9 stout fringed setae; palp all details of the frontal lamina, mouthparts, of 5 articles, articles 2-4 each with low and appendages, the present species, which rounded setose distomesial lobe; article 5 is about half the size of S. mourei, can im- short, setose. Pereopods increasing in length mediately be distinguished by the very dis- posteriorly, having short scattered setules tinctive ornamentation of the pleotelson, on anterior margins of basis and ischium; and by the pitted transverse ridges of the pereopods 2-7 having pile of fine relatively pereonal tergites. elongate setules on posterior margins of me- Etymology. - The species is named for Dr. rus, carpus and propodus. Pereopod 1, me- Richard Heard of the Gulf Coast Research rus, carpus, and propodus with acute scales Laboratory, Ocean Springs, Mississippi, re- on posterior surface; carpus triangular, with spected colleague and indefatigable collec- very short free anterior margin, single pos- tor. terodistal fringed seta; propodus with 2 pos- terodistal fringed setae; dactylus with short Suborder Valvifera blunt accessory spine at base of unguis. Pe- Family Astacillidae reopod 2 longer and more slender than pe- Astacilla marna, new species reopod 1; pereopods 2-7 similar, ischium Figs. 14, 15 with 1 or 2 elongate setae on anterior mar- gin; merus with 2-4 elongate setae on an- Material. -Holotype, USNM 252793, 5 terior margin. Pereopod 7, carpus having tl 3.5 mm, Paratypes, USNM 252794, 3 5 113.5 mm, 2 ovig. 'i' 114.4 mm, 'i' 114.0 mm, mus with about 8 sparsely toothed stout 3 juv., sta K-DOM-20, Grand Bay, Dom- spines, feathery setae on mesial margin. inica, algal turf with sponges on boulders, Maxilla 2, inner ramus with about 10 me- 3-5 m, colI. BK & MS, 18 Nov 1992.- siodistal fringed setae; inner lobe of outer Paratypes, USNM 252795, 0 damaged, ovig. ramus bearing 2 distal elongate setae, outer 'i' tl 4.9 mm, sta K-DOM-ll, Portsmouth, lobe with 3 elongate setae. Maxillipedal palp Dominica, algal turf on boulders, 3-5 m, of 5 articles, article 1 short, article 3 longest colI. BK & MS, 16 Nov 1992. and widest, articles 2-5 each bearing several Diagnosis. -Male and female having sin- fringed setae mesiodistally; endite distally gle strong medial tubercle on cephalon. Pe- rounded-truncate, with 4 short fringed se- reonite 4 in male elongate, unarmed; in fe- tae, mesial margin bearing single strong male having raised tuberculate area at about coupling hook, inner surface of mesial area midlength. Pleon lacking free anterior bearing 2 elongate setae. Pereopod 1 with pleonites. Antennal flagellum consisting of carpus bearing row of finely fringed setae on 3 spinose articles. posterior margin; propodus bearing 5 fringed Description. - Male: Body elongate-cylin- setae on posterior margin plus several groups drical, geniculate, between pereonites 4 and of setae on outer surface, single strongly 5. Integument sparsely setose. Cephalon with dentate seta distally; dactylus with single anterior margin concave, anterolateral lobes elongate finely fringed terminal seta. Pereo- well produced, rounded in lateral view; dor- pods 2-4 similar, lacking dactylus, with solateral eyes large, well pigmented, subcir- propodi, carpi, and meri bearing elongate cular; strong conical dorsal tubercle present setae on posterior margins. Pereopods 5-7 above eye. Pereonite 1fused with cephalon, stout, prehensile, dactylus strongly biun- line offusion marked by slit in ventral mar- guiculate. Pleopod 1, basis with 3 retinacu- gin. Pereonites 2 and 3 unornamented. Pe- lae; exopod subequal in length to endopod, reonite 4 cylindrical, about 4 times longer with strong notch in lateral margin having than wide, lacking ornamentation. Pereo- 2 elongate fringed setae; distal margins of nites 5-7 decreasing in length posteriorly, both rami bearing 5 or 6 elongate plumose irregularly rugose but lacking clearly defined setae. Pleopod 2, basis with 3 retinaculae; tubercles or spines. Pleotelson with 2 an- exopod shorter than endopod, with 7 plu- terior fused pleonites weakly indicated dor- mose setae on distal margin; endopod hav- sally; apex rounded. ing 4 plumose setae on distal margin; cop- Antennule of 4 articles, basal article lon- ulatory stylet stout, articulating near base of ger and broader than articles 2 and 3, with endopod, grooved for most of its length, blunt conical tubercle dorsally; flagellum distal third consisting of slender sinuous subequal in length to three basal articles, styliform structure. PIeopod 3, endopod bearing row of about 15 pairs of aesthetascs elliptical, lacking marginal setae; exopod along ventral surface. Antenna with 2 basal shorter than endopod, bearing 2 distal articles short, articles 3-5 elongate-cylin- fringed setae. Pleopods 4 and 5 similar, en- drical, unornamented; flagellum of 3 arti- dopod elliptical, lacking marginal setae; cles, each bearing row of flattened spines on exopod shorter than endopod, with single ventral surface, terminal article also bearing laterodistal fringed seta. Uropod with outer strong curved terminal spine. Mandibular ramus triangular, margins setulose; inner incisor of 4 cusps; lacinia mobilis dentate, ramus halflength and one-third basal width distally noticeably bifid; spine row having of outer, bearing single strong apical seta. 2 fringed spines; molar broadly truncate with Female: Integument relatively more tu- strong marginal teeth. Maxilla 1, inner ra- berculate than in male. Cephalon with strong mus bearing 4 distal fringed setae; outer ra- conical middorsal tubercle, submedian pair Fig. 14. Astacilla mama. A, male in lateral view; B, female in lateral view; C, female in dorsal view; D, antennule; E, flagellum of antenna; F, mandible; G, maxilla I; H, maxilla 2; I, maxilliped. of smaller tubercles between eyes; fused pe- width subequal to midlength, tapering pos- reonite I with submedian dorsal pair of small teriorly in dorsal view, anterolateral corners tubercles. Pereonites 2 and 3 with few small rounded, with triangular anteroventral tu- scattered tubercles. Pereonite 4, anterior bercle visible in dorsal view; raised area at Fig. 15. Astacilla mama. A, pereopod I; B, pereopod 2; C, pereopod 7; D, pleopod I; E, pleopod 2; F, pleopod 3; G, pleopod 4; H, apex of uropod.

about middle of dorsal surface formed by 4 creasing in length posteriorly, more tuber- tubercles arranged in square; several small culate than in male. Pleotelson as in male. scattered tubercles on irregular surface of Remarks. -Of the three species of Asta- tergum; row of small tubercles along pos- cilla known from the Caribbean area, A. terior margin. Pereonites 5-7 similar, de- marna most closely resembles A. spinata (Menzies & Kruczynski, 1983) (=A. regina Scarborough, Tobago. A draft ofthis paper Kens1ey, 1984, known from Belize, Barba- was read by R. W. Heard; we are grateful dos, and St. Lucia; see Muller 1993c). Many for his suggestions for improvements. differences separate these two species, most notably in size (A. spinata is roughly twice as large as A. marna), general body pro- Carvacho, A., & Y. Haasmann. 1984. Isopodos li- portions of the male and ovigerous female torales de Oaxaca, Pacifico Mexican.-Cahiers as well as in ornamentation. Differences in de Biologie Marine 25: 15-32. the appendages, e.g., the antennal flagellum Harrison, K., & J. P. Ellis. 1991. The genera of the (2 non-spinose articles in A. spinata, 3 spi- Sphaeromatidae (Crustacea: Isopoda): a key and distribution list.-Invertebrate Taxonomy 5: nose articles in A. marna), the setation of 915-952. the notch of the exopod of pieopod 1(3 long --, & D. M. Holdich. 1982. New eubranchiate setae in A. spinata, 2 in A. marna), copu- sphaeromatid isopods from Queensland wa- latory stylet of the male pleopod 2 (apically ters.-Memoirs of the Queensland Museum bifid in A. spinata, with a single stylet in A. 20(3):421-446. Holdich, D. M., & K. Harrison. 1981. The sphae- marna), uropodal setation (endopod with romatid isopod genus Sphaeromopsis Holdich two apical setae in A. spinata, one in A. & Jones in African, Australian and South Amer- marna), also easily differentiate these two ican waters.-Crustaceana 41(3):286-300. species. --, & D. A. Jones. 1973. The systematics and Arcturella sawayae Moreira, 1973, from ecology of a new genus of sand beach isopod the Sao Paulo region of Brazil and known (Sphaeromatidae) from Kenya.-Journal ofZo- ology, London 171:385-395. only from a single ovigerous female, has a Javed, W., & R. Ahmed. 1988. Paraimene tubercu- strong pair of tubercles on the cephalon, a lata, a new genus and species ofIsopoda (Sphae- single strong spinose tubercle on each of romatidae) from Karachi, Pakistan.-Hydro- pereonites 1-3, lacks middorsal tubercles on biologia 169:371-377. pereonite 4, and is over twice the length of Kensley, B. 1984. The Atlantic Barrier Reef Ecosys- tem at Carrie Bow Cay, Belize, III: new marine Astacilla marna. Isopoda.-Smithsonian Contributions to the Etymology. - The species is named for Marine Sciences 24: 1-81. Ms. Mama Disbrow of Vancouver, Canada, --. 1987. Further records of marine isopods from whose generosity made the second Dom- the Caribbean.-Proceedings of the Biological inica fieldtrip possible. Society of Washington 100:559-577. --, & M. Schotte. 1989. Guide to the marine isopod crustaceans of the Caribbean. Smithso- nian Institution Press, Washington D.C. and Acknowledgments London, 308 pp. We thank Dr. Darryl Felder, University Loyola e Silva, J. 1960. Sphaeromatidae do Litoral Brasileiro (lsopoda - Crustaceae). - Boletim da. of Southwestern Louisiana, Dr. Richard W. Universidade do Parana, Zoologia 4:1-182. Heard, Gulf Coast Research Laboratory, Menzies, R. J., & w. L. Kruczynski. 1983. Isopod Mississippi, and Dr. Rafael Lemaitre, Crustacea (exclusive of Epicaridae).-Memoirs Smithsonian Institution, for making mate- of the Hourglass Cruises 6:1-126. rial available for study. Ms. Mama Disbrow Moreira, P. S. 1973. Arcturella sawayae, a new spe- cies ofIsopod Crustacea from southern Brazil.- of Vancouver, Canada, made funds avail- Boletim do Zoologia e Biologia Marine, n.s. 30: able for a visit to Dominica, as did the Office 185-194. of the Director, National Museum of Nat- Miiller, H.-G. 1988a. The genus Gnathia Leach ural History, in support of its membership (Isopoda) from the Santa Marta area, northern in the consortium overseeing the Archbold Colombia, with a review of Gnat hiidea from the Caribbean Sea and Gulf of Mexico.-Bijdragen Tropical Research Center. We gratefully ac- tot de Dierkunde 58(1):88-104. knowledge logistical help from the Marine --. 1988b. Idoteidae aus N-Kolumbien mit Be- Fisheries Section of Tobago Fisheries in schreibung von Edotia samariensis n. sp. (Crus- tacea: Isopoda: Valvifera).- Senckenbergiana (Sphaeromatidae) in the Santa Marta area, Ca- Biologia 68(4/6):407-412. ribbean Sea of Colombia, with notes on its vari- --- 1989. JoeropsidaeausN-Kolumbien, mitzwei ation.-Zoologische Anzeiger 230(1/2):35-44. Neubeschreibungen (Crustacea: Isopoda: Asel- ---. 1993b. Cirolanidae of the genera Calypto- lota).-Senckenbergiana Biologia 69(4/6):389- lana, Cirolana. Neocirolana. Colopisthus and 396. Excirolana from the Santa Marta area, Carib- ---. 1990a. Janiridae from the Caribbean Sea of bean Sea of Colombia (Crustacea: Isopoda: Cy- N-Colombia (Crustacea: Isopoda: Asellota).- mothoidae).-Zoologischer Anzeiger 230(5/6): Senckenbergiana Biologia 70(1/3):203-207. 191-225. ---. 1990b. Stenetriidae from the Caribbean Sea ---. 1993c. Arcturidae (Isopoda) from the Santa of N-Colombia (Crustacea: Isopoda: Asello- Marta area, northern Colombia, with a review ta).-Senckenbergiana Biologia 70(4/6):397- of the shallow-water species from the Caribbean 404. Sea and Gulf of Mexico.-Mitteilungen aus der ---. I990c. Hyssuridae from the Caribbean coast Zoologisches Museum Berlin 69(2):317-337. of Colombia, with descriptions of four new spe- Richardson, H. 1902. The marine and terrestrial iso- cies (lsopoda: Anthuridea). - Bijdragen tot de pods of the Bermudas, with descriptions of new Dierkunde 60(2):65-78. genera and species.- Transactions of the Con- ---. 1990d. Paranthurid isopods from the Carib- necticut Academy of Sciences 11:277-310. bean Sea of Colombia (Crustacea).-Bulletin Schultz, G. A., & L. R. McCloskey. 1967. Isopod Zoologisch Museum, Universiteit van Amster- crustaceans from the coral Oculina arbuscula dam 12(13):181-195. Verrill.-Journal of the Elisha Mitchell Scien- ---. 1991. Description of Metacirolana agujae n. tific Society 83(2):103-113. sp. and redescription of M. agaricicola Kensley, Van Name, W. G. 1936. The American land and 1984, from the Caribbean Sea of Colombia freshwater isopod Crustacea. - Bulletin of the (Isopoda: Cirolanidae).-Bijdragen tot de Dier- American Museum of Natural History 71:i-vii, kunde 61(1):17-30. 1-535. ---. 1992. Anthuridae of the genera Amakusan- thura, Cortezura and Mesanthura from the Ca- Department ofInvertebrate Zoology, Na- ribbean Sea of Colombia (Crustacea: Isopo- da).-Revue Suisse Zoologie 99(1):31-79. tional Museum of Natural History, Smith- ---. 1993a. On the occurrence of the isopods Het- sonian Institution, Washington, D.C. 20560, eroserolis mgrayi (Menzies & Frankenberg, 1966) U.S.A.