Language Perceptions and Practices in Multilingual Universities
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New Banknote and Coin Series Themes and Motifs
REPORT FROM the General Council of the Riksbank’s Drafting Committee for the Design of Banknotes and Coins Ref. no. 2008-286-ADM New banknote and coin series Themes and motifs MARCH 2011 1 THEMES AND MOTIFS New banknote and coin series Themes and motifs Report from the General Council of the Riksbank’s Drafting Committee for the Design of Banknotes and Coins MARCH 2011 2 THEMES AND MOTIFS Contents 1. Background 5 3 THEMES AND MOTIFS 2. The banknote series 6 2.1 Starting points 6 2.2 Inventory 6 2.3 Themes 6 2.4 Motifs 7 2.4 Denominations 7 3. Coins series 8 4 THEMES AND MOTIFS Background The Riksbank has decided to renew the Swedish banknote and coin series. At the 5 same time a new denomination, 200 krona, will be introduced, and the 2-krona coin THEMES AND MOTIFS will be reintroduced. The coin series will consist of the denominations 1, 2, 5, 10 and 20 kronor and the banknote series of the denominations 50, 100, 200, 500 and 1,000 kronor. Decisions regarding the design of banknotes and coins are taken by the General Council of the Riksbank. The General Council has appointed a committee to prepare these questions, consisting of four members of the Council and four experts. The members are Peter Egardt, Anders Karlsson, Sonia Karlsson and Ebba Lindsö. The experts are Eva-Lena Bengtsson, curator at the Royal Swedish Academy of Fine Arts, Henrik Klackenberg, State Herald of Sweden, Magnus Olausson, Head of the Conservation Department at the National Museum of Fine Arts and Ian Wiséhn, Director of the Royal Coin Cabinet at the National Museum of Economy. -
America's Languages
AMERICA’S LANGUAGES Investing in Language Education for the 21st Century COMMISSION ON LANGUAGE LEARNING COMMISSION ON LANGUAGE LEARNING AMERICA’S LANGUAGES Investing in Language Education for the 21st Century american academy of arts & sciences Cambridge, Massachusetts © 2017 by the American Academy of Arts & Sciences All rights reserved. isbn: 0-87724-112-0 This publication is available online at https://www.amacad.org/language. The views expressed in this publication are those held by the contributors and are not necessarily those of the Officers and Members of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences. Please direct inquiries to: American Academy of Arts & Sciences 136 Irving Street Cambridge, ma 02138-1996 Telephone: 617-576-5002 Fax: 617-576-5050 Email: [email protected] Web: www.amacad.org Contents Acknowledgments v Preface vii Executive Summary viii Key Findings of this Report Key Recommendations of the Commission Introduction 1 Section 1: Building Educational Capacity 8 Section 2: Involving Local Communities, Businesses, and Philanthropies 20 Section 3: Developing Heritage Languages and Revitalizing Native American Languages 22 Section 4: Encouraging International Study and Cultural Immersion 27 Conclusion 30 Endnotes 32 Congressional Letters 39 Commissioner Biographies 43 Acknowledgments America’s Languages: Investing in Language Education for the 21st Century is the American Academy’s response to a bipartisan request from four members of the United States Senate and four members of the House of Representatives to examine the -
Open Letter to the Swedish Academy Committee for Nobel Prize in Literature
Open Letter to The Swedish Academy Committee for Nobel Prize in Literature New York City, October 13, 2019 Dear members of The Swedish Academy, I am a Bosnian born artist living in New York, whose work deals with genocide, collective memory and trauma. I’m writing in regard to your recent decision to grant Peter Handke The Nobel Prize in Literature for 2019, and the impact that has had on me, and other survivors, since the announcement on October 10th. After reading numerous articles about your decision in complete state of shock and disbelief, I was grateful and relieved to see that journalists, writers and public figures worldwide, had not forgotten Handke’s public denial of the Srebrenica genocide, nor his ardent support for Slobodan Milošević, Ratko Mladic, and Radovan Karadžić (the latter two convicted of war crimes, crimes against humanity, and genocide in Bosnia and Herzegovina during the 1990’s by ICTY.) The many published responses underline the very serious emotional, psychological and physical reactions that are the consequences of your astonishing celebration. What is missing from many of these articles is how your decision to grant Handke the Nobel prize actually feels for those of us who have survived genocide and mass persecution he’s denying in our home country. What follows is a brief explanation of just how painful and assaulting your choice is for my communities both in Bosnia, and its diaspora. It is simple to employ the cliche that an artist’s political or moral positions should be separated from their work, but I would argue that in today’s political climate this is an unreasonable and willfully ignorant expectation. -
Language Legislation and Identity in Finland Fennoswedes, the Saami and Signers in Finland’S Society
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Helsingin yliopiston digitaalinen arkisto UNIVERSITY OF HELSINKI Language Legislation and Identity in Finland Fennoswedes, the Saami and Signers in Finland’s Society Anna Hirvonen 24.4.2017 University of Helsinki Faculty of Law Public International Law Master’s Thesis Advisor: Sahib Singh April 2017 Tiedekunta/Osasto Fakultet/Sektion – Faculty Laitos/Institution– Department Oikeustieteellinen Helsingin yliopisto Tekijä/Författare – Author Anna Inkeri Hirvonen Työn nimi / Arbetets titel – Title Language Legislation and Identity in Finland: Fennoswedes, the Saami and Signers in Finland’s Society Oppiaine /Läroämne – Subject Public International Law Työn laji/Arbetets art – Level Aika/Datum – Month and year Sivumäärä/ Sidoantal – Number of pages Pro-Gradu Huhtikuu 2017 74 Tiivistelmä/Referat – Abstract Finland is known for its language legislation which deals with the right to use one’s own language in courts and with public officials. In order to examine just how well the right to use one’s own language actually manifests in Finnish society, I examined the developments of language related rights internationally and in Europe and how those developments manifested in Finland. I also went over Finland’s linguistic history, seeing the developments that have lead us to today when Finland has three separate language act to deal with three different language situations. I analyzed the relevant legislations and by examining the latest language barometer studies, I wanted to find out what the real situation of these language and their identities are. I was also interested in the overall linguistic situation in Finland, which is affected by rising xenophobia and the issues surrounding the ILO 169. -
Research and Research- Related Activities 2012
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH UPPSALA UNIVERSITY RESEARCH AND RESEARCH- RELATED ACTIVITIES 2012 Edited by Åke Eriksson UPPSALA UNIVERSITY Department of English P.O. Box 527 SE-751 20 UPPSALA Phone: +46 18 471 12 46 Fax: +46 18 471 12 29 E-mail: [email protected] Web-address: www.engelska.uu.se 2 PREFACE English Studies at Uppsala University English language and literature have been studied at Uppsala University since 1736, when Andreas Hesselius was appointed tutor in the subject. Today there are three chairs: the Chair in English Language was established in 1904, the Chair in English Literature in 1948, and the Chair in American Literature in 1968. The Department also includes a Celtic Section, which grew out of the Irish Institute that was set up in 1950. Between 1941 and 1948 there was a research professorship in Celtic Languages and Comparative Indo-European Linguistics. In 2003 The Swedish Institute for North American Studies (SINAS, established in 1985) became part of the Department of English. A more detailed account of the history of English at Uppsala University can be found in Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, Uppsala University 500 Years, 6 (1976) and in Kungl. Humanistiska Vetenskaps-Samfundet i Uppsala, Årsbok 2000. 3 CONTENTS PREFACE .................................................................................................................................... 3 CONTENTS ................................................................................................................................. 5 THE DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH -
Swedish-Speaking Population As an Ethnic Group in Finland
SWEDISH-SPEAKING POPULATION AS AN ETHNIC GROUP IN FINLAND Elli Karjalainen" POVZETEK ŠVEDSKO GOVOREČE PREBIVALSTVO KOT ETNIČNA SKUPNOST NA FINSKEM Prispevek obravnava švedsko govoreče prebivalstvo na Finskem, ki izkazuje kot manjši- na, sebi lastne zakonitosti v rasti, populacijski strukturi in geografski razporeditvi. Obra- vnava tudi učinke mešanih zakonov in vključuje tudi vedno aktualne razprave o uporabi finskega jezika na Finskem. Tako v absolutnem kot relativnem smislu upadata število in delež švedskega prebi- valstva na Finskem. Zadnji dostopni podatki govore o 296 840 prebivalcih oziroma 6% deležu Švedov v skupnem številu Finske narodnosti. Švedska poselitev je nadpovprečno zgoščena na jugu in zahodu države. Stalen upad števila članov švedske narodnostne skup- nosti gre pripisati emigraciji, internim migracijskim tokovom, mešanim zakonom in upadu fertilnosti prebivalstva. Tudi starostna struktura švedskega prebivalstva ne govori v prid lastni reprodukciji. Odločilnega pomena je tudi, da so pripadniki švedske narodnosti v povprečju bolj izobraženi kot Finci. Pred kratkim seje zastavilo vprašanje ali je potrebno v finskih šolah ohranjati švedščino kot obvezen učni predmet. Introduction Finland is a bilingual country, with Finnish and Swedish as the official languages of the republic. The Swedish-speaking population is defined as Finnish citizens who live in Finland and speak Swedish as their mother tongue, 'mothertongue' regarded as the language of which the person in question has the best command. Children still too young to speak are registered according to the native tongue of their parents, principally of the mother (Fougstedt 1981: 22). Finland's Swedish-speaking population is here discussed as a minority group: what kind of a population group they form, and how this group differs in population structure from the total population. -
Corporate Responsibility Report 2005 Kesko Corporate Responsibility Report for 2005 3
Corporate Responsibility Report 2005 Kesko Corporate Responsibility Report for 2005 3 Contents Contents of the report Contents of the report............................................3 Waste management and recycling ....................... 39 As in previous years, Kesko’s sixth Corpo- now very comprehensive. The implemen- Assurances for online and Review by the President and CEO ............................. 4 Product-related developments ........................... 41 rate Responsibility Report has been pre- tation of environmental systems in sub- printed reports Key facts about the Kesko Group ..............................5 K-environmental stores..................................... 43 pared on the basis of the ‘Sustainability sidiaries outside Finland is still under An electronic version of the printed Key indicators of corporate responsibility Environmental office work programmes ................44 Guidelines on Economic, Environmental way. However, we have obtained waste report containing some complementary for 2003-2005 .....................................................6 Stakeholder cooperation and communications ....... 45 and Social Performance’ drawn up by the management, transportation and energy information is available at Kesko’s Inter- Global Reporting Initiative (GRI). No es- consumption statistics from nearly all Vision of corporate responsibility .............................8 Environmental risks, damage, and incidents .......... 45 net site. Additional information has been sential changes have been made in the companies -
Family Language Policy in Bilingual Finnish and Swedish Families in Finland
FAMILY LANGUAGE POLICY IN BILINGUAL FINNISH AND SWEDISH FAMILIES IN FINLAND Austin Huhta Master’s Thesis Applied Linguistics Department of Language and Communication Studies University of Jyväskylä Fall 2020 UNIVERSITY OF JYVÄSKYLÄ Faculty Department Humanities and Social Sciences Department of Language and Communication Studies Author Austin Huhta Title Family Language Policy in Bilingual Finnish and Swedish Families in Finland Subject Level Applied Language Studies Master’s Thesis Month and year Number of pages December 2020 30 Abstract In Finland families are only allowed to choose one language for their child to be the child’s L1 even if the family is bilingual. With both Finnish and Swedish being national languages of Finland this thesis looked into which language a family chose, why they chose it, and how they helped their child maintain it. Looking at their perspective on this can allow us to get further insight into family language policy in Finland. The research method used here is a case study, with semi-structured interviews for the data collection and interpretive phenomenological analysis for the data analysis. This thesis interviewed a bilingual family with a Finn and a Swedish Swede and their one child. It found that while their initial language choice was Swedish, that their family language policy was dynamic. Over time the child was switched from Swedish medium education to Finnish medium education; however, at home multiple family language policies worked together to help maintain his Swedish language skills. The findings demonstrated that the right combination of family language policies and more formal educational settings can work together to help children grow up to be bilingual even if the minority language is mainly used at home. -
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Journal of Balkan and Black Sea Studies Year 4, Issue 6, June 2021, pp. 155-212. Bulgaria’s Secret Empire: An Ultimatum to North Macedonia Tomasz Kamusella Abstract: In the summer of 2019, 30 years after the end of communism in Europe, Bulgaria began to forward the way of Skopje numerous onerous demands as a salient precondition for opening European Union (EU) accession negotiation talks with North Macedonia. All of these demands are dictated by ethnolinguistic nationalism that underlies the Bulgarian national master narrative. On 9 October 2019, the Bulgarian government officially adopted these demands in the form of an ultimatum, bar the term. Sofia did not have to deploy this ultimatum to stop the talks, since earlier Paris temporarily blocked the pending accession negotiations with Albania and North Macedonia. It appears that in the face of economic and political problems at home, Bulgarian politicians tend to use nationalism (and populism) to divert citizens’ attention. The Bulgarian government seems to emulate the Kremlin’s policy of the “Russian World,” which on the basis of ethnolinguistic nationalism claims for Russia all the territories inhabited by Russian-speakers. After the fall of communism, a similar policy of “Bulgarian World” (Bılgarski sviat) has been pursued by Sofia from Moldova to North Macedonia and Albania, clamouring for recognizing all the Slavic-speakers in this wide area as members of Ph.D., Reader in Modern History, University of St Andrews, Scotland, ORCID ID: 0000-0003-3484-8352; e-mail: [email protected] Submitted: 21.12.2020, Accepted: 16.06.2021 TOMASZ KAMUSELLA the Bulgarian nation. -
THE SWEDISH LANGUAGE Sharingsweden.Se PHOTO: CECILIA LARSSON LANTZ/IMAGEBANK.SWEDEN.SE
FACTS ABOUT SWEDEN / THE SWEDISH LANGUAGE sharingsweden.se PHOTO: CECILIA LARSSON LANTZ/IMAGEBANK.SWEDEN.SE PHOTO: THE SWEDISH LANGUAGE Sweden is a multilingual country. However, Swedish is and has always been the majority language and the country’s main language. Here, Catharina Grünbaum paints a picture of the language from Viking times to the present day: its development, its peculiarities and its status. The national language of Sweden is Despite the dominant status of Swedish, Swedish and related languages Swedish. It is the mother tongue of Sweden is not a monolingual country. Swedish is a Nordic language, a Ger- approximately 8 million of the country’s The Sami in the north have always been manic branch of the Indo-European total population of almost 10 million. a domestic minority, and the country language tree. Danish and Norwegian Swedish is also spoken by around has had a Finnish-speaking population are its siblings, while the other Nordic 300,000 Finland Swedes, 25,000 of ever since the Middle Ages. Finnish languages, Icelandic and Faroese, are whom live on the Swedish-speaking and Meänkieli (a Finnish dialect spoken more like half-siblings that have pre- Åland islands. in the Torne river valley in northern served more of their original features. Swedish is one of the two national Sweden), spoken by a total of approxi- Using this approach, English and languages of Finland, along with Finnish, mately 250,000 people in Sweden, German are almost cousins. for historical reasons. Finland was part and Sami all have legal status as The relationship with other Indo- of Sweden until 1809. -
The Finnish Archipelago Coast from AD 500 to 1550 – a Zone of Interaction
The Finnish Archipelago Coast from AD 500 to 1550 – a Zone of Interaction Tapani Tuovinen [email protected], [email protected] Abstract New archaeological, historical, paleoecological and onomastic evidence indicates Iron Age settle- ment on the archipelago coast of Uusimaa, a region which traditionally has been perceived as deso- lated during the Iron Age. This view, which has pertained to large parts of the archipelago coast, can be traced back to the early period of field archaeology, when an initial conception of the archipelago as an unsettled and insignificant territory took form. Over time, the idea has been rendered possible by the unbalance between the archaeological evidence and the written sources, the predominant trend of archaeology towards the mainland (the terrestrical paradigm), and the history culture of wilderness. Wilderness was an important platform for the nationalistic constructions of early Finnishness. The thesis about the Iron Age archipelago as an untouched no-man’s land was a history politically convenient tacit agreement between the Finnish- and the Swedish-minded scholars. It can be seen as a part of the post-war demand for a common view of history. A geographical model of the present-day archaeological, historical and palaeoecological evi- dence of the archipelago coast is suggested. Keywords: Finland, Iron Age, Middle Ages, archipelago, settlement studies, nationalism, history, culture, wilderness, borderlands. 1. The coastal Uusimaa revisited er the country had inhabitants at all during the Bronze Age (Aspelin 1875: 58). This drastic The early Finnish settlement archaeologists of- interpretation developed into a long-term re- ten treated the question of whether the country search tradition that contains the idea of easily was settled at all during the prehistory: were perishable human communities and abandoned people in some sense active there, or was the regions. -
Transnational Finnish Mobilities: Proceedings of Finnforum XI
Johanna Leinonen and Auvo Kostiainen (Eds.) Johanna Leinonen and Auvo Kostiainen This volume is based on a selection of papers presented at Johanna Leinonen and Auvo Kostiainen (Eds.) the conference FinnForum XI: Transnational Finnish Mobili- ties, held in Turku, Finland, in 2016. The twelve chapters dis- cuss two key issues of our time, mobility and transnational- ism, from the perspective of Finnish migration. The volume is divided into four sections. Part I, Mobile Pasts, Finland and Beyond, brings forth how Finland’s past – often imagined TRANSNATIONAL as more sedentary than today’s mobile world – was molded by various short and long-distance mobilities that occurred FINNISH MOBILITIES: both voluntarily and involuntarily. In Part II, Transnational Influences across the Atlantic, the focus is on sociocultural PROCEEDINGS OF transnationalism of Finnish migrants in the early 20th cen- tury United States. Taken together, Parts I and II show how FINNFORUM XI mobility and transnationalism are not unique features of our FINNISH MOBILITIES TRANSNATIONAL time, as scholars tend to portray them. Even before modern communication technologies and modes of transportation, migrants moved back and forth and nurtured transnational ties in various ways. Part III, Making of Contemporary Finn- ish America, examines how Finnishness is understood and maintained in North America today, focusing on the con- cepts of symbolic ethnicity and virtual villages. Part IV, Con- temporary Finnish Mobilities, centers on Finns’ present-day emigration patterns, repatriation experiences, and citizen- ship practices, illustrating how, globally speaking, Finns are privileged in their ability to be mobile and exercise transna- tionalism. Not only is the ability to move spread very uneven- ly, so is the capability to upkeep transnational connections, be they sociocultural, economic, political, or purely symbol- ic.