Download Magazine (PDF; 11

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Download Magazine (PDF; 11 Porsche Engineering MAGAZINE CUSTOMERS & MARKETS Future mobility concepts, digitization, and electric driving pleasure PORSCHE UP CLOSE Greater efficiency and performance with the new Porsche 911 Carrera ENGINEERING INSIGHTS An intelligent control unit for electric and hybrid vehicles ISSUE 2 / 2015 www.porsche-engineering.com FRESH WIND MAGAZINE FRESH WIND Aerodynamics Development of the Future Porsche Engineering Porsche Dear Readers, _____ Developments and changes in the automotive industry take place at a rapid pace – and that is truer than ever in this age of digitization. The interview “Electric. Efficient. Emotional.” lays out how we at Porsche Engineering view the current challenges in the field of mobility and deal with rapid changes in order to create the solutions of tomorrow for you, our customers. The founding of our new subsidiary in Cluj, Romania, is another important step in further readying ourselves for the future. This strengthens and expands our capabilities in the field of software development and offers you the opportunity to advance the digitization of vehicle develop- ment with us as a development partner even further. Dirk Lappe and Malte Radmann, Managing Directors of Porsche Engineering The focus theme for this issue takes a detailed look at aerodynamics development and shows how this field will play an even more important role in the future. Learn more Porsche recommends and about the potential of the early stages of development and About Porsche Engineering Porsche’s first-class testing facilities, which are also avail- able for you to use in your projects. Electrified. Creating forward-looking solutions was the standard set by Ferdinand Porsche when he started his design Last but not least, this issue once again provides “Engineering With battery technology by Porsche Engineering. office in 1931. In doing so, he laid the foundation for Insights” as well as everything there is to know about the today’s engineering services by Porsche. We renew new Porsche 911 Carrera. our commitment to that example with each new project that we carry out for our customers. Porsche wins the FIA World Endurance Championship 2015 We hope you find it interesting and enjoy the read! The scope of services provided by Porsche Engineering ranges from the design of individual components Sincerely, to the planning and execution of complete vehicle Malte Radmann and Dirk Lappe developments, and is also transferred to other sectors beyond the automotive industry. 911 MODELS (TYPE 991 II) Fuel consumption (combined): 9.0 – 7.4 l / 100 km; CO2 emissions (combined): 208 – 169 g / km; Efficiency class: F–D EDITORIAL Porsche Engineering MAGAZINE 3 10 20 22 Anti-roll stabilization Heated windshield etc. V V V 48 V 48 48 48 Battery BSG 48 V Belt-driven starter DC generator (BSG) 48 V DC Light Air conditioning Radiator fan etc. 12 V Converter V V V V 12 12 12 12 12 V Battery V V V V 12 12 12 12 Electric power Electric brake Electronic etc. steering (EPS) booster (EBB) stability control 32 38 (ESC), ABS AERODYNAMICS DEVELOPMENT CUSTOMERS & MARKETS ENGINEERING INSIGHTS 10 Early and Efficient 22 e-generation 38 Dynamic Vehicle Electrical Optimization potential in the Research project with System Simulation early phase of aerodynamics a positive balance The vehicle’s central development nervous system 28 Electric. Efficient. Emotional. 14 Essential and Challenging Interview with Dirk Lappe, 44 Intelligently Controlled Michael Pfadenhauer, Technical Director of Evolution of a powertrain Porsche AG, on the increasing Porsche Engineering manager for electric importance of aerodynamics and hybrid-electric vehicles 16 Precise and Flexible PORSCHE UP CLOSE The aeroacoustic wind tunnel at the Weissach development center 32 The New Porsche 911 Carrera 03 Editorial All the important details 06 News 20 Future-Oriented and Unique 49 Impressum Dr. Hauke Stumpf, Porsche AG, on the new wind tunnel CUSTOMERS & MARKETS ELECTRIC. EFFICIENT. EMOTIONAL. In an interview, Dirk Lappe, Technical Director of Porsche Engineering, explains his views on future mobility concepts, digitization, and the pleasure 911 CARRERA MODELS (TYPE 991 II) of electric driving. Fuel consumption (combined): 9.0 – 7.4 l / 100 km; CO2 emissions (combined): 208 – 169 g / km; 28 Efficiency class: F–D CONTENTS Porsche Engineering MAGAZINE 5 News News NEW SUBSIDIARY: A SPORTY YEAR ROUNDING THINGS OUT NEW WORLD RECORD PORSCHE ENGINEERING EMPLOYEES MASTER SPORTS MANY HIGHLIGHTS IN THE SUCCESSFUL SEASON FOR THE ROMANIA SRL CHALLENGES NARDÒ ANNIVERSARY YEAR STUTTGART GREENTEAM ___ Porsche Engineering is expanding its capabilities in the field of digitization. The subsidiary Porsche Engineering Romania SRL was founded for this reason in the university city of Cluj- Napoca. Romania, and the university city of Cluj-Napoca in particular, are among the most innovative regions in Europe for software develop- ment. A number of IT companies were founded here and the city is home to a lively start-up scene. This environment is fertile ground for Porsche Engineering as it is developing innovative solutions for the ___ Porsche Engineering employees are ___ Marked by many highlights, Nardò’s ___ The GreenTeam at the University of automotive sector. “Cluj will play a sig- not only fit in their job but also physi- anniversary year is coming to an end. Stuttgart, which has been supported by nificant role in helping us advance the digi- cally fit. That is what they demonstrated Just in time to mark the 40th anniversary Porsche Engineering since 2011, can be tization of vehicles,” says Malte Radmann, on numerous occasions in 2015: At the of its founding, the revised website of the more than pleased with last season’s re- Managing Director of Porsche Engineer- 6th Bietigheimer BZ Corporate Run, testing grounds went online with a new sults: After placing third in the “For- ing. “To do so, we need first-class software which took place in July, the Porsche Porsche design on July 1, 2015. The web- mula Student Germany” design compe- engineers, and we can find them in Cluj.” Engineering team took an impressive site presents a broad range of test tracks tition at the Hockenheimring in August The continuous exchange between en- third place in the team classification. A and testing services with a new structure of this year, a few weeks later the stu- gineers at the various locations in Ger- few weeks later, the Porsche crew took and appearance. At the Automotive Test- dents set a new world record in their many and abroad enables the company to on the challenge of the “Rad am Ring” ing Expo Europe 2015 in Stuttgart, in E0711-5 at the Jade-Race in Mariensiel, augment its complete-vehicle expertise in 24-hour bicycle race on the Nürburgring addition to record vehicles, the new Germany: The GreenTeam electric race ideal fashion. n in the mountain bike and road bike cate- Nardò image film was presented and car accelerated from 0 to 100 km/h in just gories alongside more than 5,000 other visitors had the opportunity to explore 1.779 seconds. The achievement earned cyclists. The Porsche Engineering staff the forward-looking testing grounds us- the formula race car, which has a carbon- team also participated in the Porsche ing an “augmented reality” application. fiber monocoque and aluminum and ti- Leipzig soccer tournament and the Later, regional and international journal- tanium chassis components and whose “Porsche 6-Hour Run.” The latter two ists received background information on control units and high-voltage batteries events were dedicated to charitable the ongoing enhancement measures tak- were developed by the students them- causes. n ing place at the grounds at an on-site selves, a place in the Guinness Book of press conference in Nardò. n World Records. n www.porsche-nardo.com NEWS Porsche Engineering MAGAZINE 7 911 TURBO CABRIOLET Fuel consumption city: 13.4 l/100 km highway: 7.8 l/100 km combined: 9.9 l/100 km CO2 emissions (combined): 231 g/km Efficiency class: G ____ Aerodynamics development is a classical discipline in automotive development that today influences the overall vehicle system more than ever before. In the following pages, find out about the optimization potential that the early stages of aerodynamics development bring to the overall product creation process, what challenges and requirements will most strongly shape FRESH WIND aerodynamics development in the future, and how the new aeroacoustic wind tunnel at the Weissach Development Center enables optimal and realistic testing. 8 Porsche Engineering MAGAZINE AERODYNAMICS DEVELOPMENT AERODYNAMICS DEVELOPMENT Porsche Engineering MAGAZINE 9 The project scopes range from consulting to measurement sup- These traditional disciplines have led to the development of port to taking on complete responsibility for aerodynamics new fields of activity in which aerodynamics have a direct EARLY development. influence on the development process (see the illustration on the next page). The close link between aerodynamics and thermodynamics is particularly noteworthy. All of the air Aerodynamics is more than just the CD value flows for the purposes of cooling and ventilation have a direct AND EFFICIENT effect on the overall aerodynamic performance of the vehicle. The drag is the central unit in modern automotive aerodynamics In most cases, these secondary flows are associated with losses. development and at speeds over 80 km / h represents the Thus the principle: as much as necessary, as little as possible. Optimization potential in the early phase dominant factor in overall driving resistance. As a dimension- less coefficient, the DC value is a means of quantifying the As the challenges of aerodynamics development have risen aerodynamic quality of the shape of a vehicle and enables continuously, the development tools have kept pace and can of aerodynamics development direct comparison of different vehicle sizes and classes. handle any task in modern aerodynamics development. Porsche, therefore, has remarkable aerodynamics testing fa- Another aerodynamic spec is the lift coefficient CL, which is cilities at its disposal.
Recommended publications
  • Sau1601 Automotive Aerodynamics
    SCHOOL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT OF AUTOMOBILE ENGINEERING SAU1601 AUTOMOTIVE AERODYNAMICS 1 UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO AUTOMOTIVE AERODYNAMICS 2 I. Introduction Automotive Aerodynamics is the study of air flows around and through the vehicle body. More generally, it can be labelled “Fluid Dynamics” because air is really just a very thin type of fluid. Above slow speeds, the air flow around and through a vehicle begins to have a more pronounced effect on the acceleration, top speed, fuel efficiency and handling. Influence of flow characteristics and improvement of flow past vehicle bodies Reduction of fuel consumption More favourable comfort characteristics (mud deposition on body, noise, ventilating and cooling of passenger compartment) Improvement of driving characteristics (stability, handling, traffic safety) Scope of Vehicle Aerodynamics The Flow processes to which a moving vehicle is subjected fall into 3 categories: 1. Flow of air around the vehicle 2. Flow of air through the vehicle’s body 3. Flow processes within the vehicle’s machinery. The flow of air through the engine compartment is directly dependent upon the flow field around the vehicle. Both fields must be considered together. On the other hand, the flow processes within the engine and transmission are not directly connected with the first two, and are not treated here. The external flow subjects the vehicle to forces and moments which greatly influence the vehicle's performance and directional stability. These two effects, and has only lately focused on the need to keep the windows and lights free of dirt and accumulated rain water, to reduce wind noise, to prevent windscreen wipers lifting, and to cool the engine oil sump and brakes, etc.
    [Show full text]
  • Design and Simulation of Aerodynamic Wings of Formula One Racing Car
    International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 07 Issue: 01 | Jan 2020 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 DESIGN AND SIMULATION OF AERODYNAMIC WINGS OF FORMULA ONE RACING CAR Pritam Pain1, Deep Dewan2, Arighna De3 1Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, University of Engineering & Management, Kolkata, West Bengal, India 2Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Kingston Polytechnic College, Barasat, West Bengal, India 3Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, University of Engineering & Management, Kolkata, West Bengal, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract: The aim of this report is to introduce the design and Fourth, a ground vehicle has fewer degrees of freedom than simulation of aerodynamic wings that is generally used in an aircraft, and its motion is less affected by aerodynamic formula one racing cars. In this paper, the basic concept of forces. aerodynamics, related terms are described. From the design of aerodynamic wings to the simulation of the wings using Fifth, passenger and commercial ground vehicles have very Solidworks 2016 well described in this paper. specific design constraints such as their intended purpose, high safety standards and certain regulations. Key Words: Aerodynamics, Wings, Solidworks, Simulation CONCEPT OF DRAG AND DOWNFORCE: INTRODUCTION: Motor sports are all about maximum performance, to be the Aerodynamics is the study of motion of air, fastest is the absolute. There is nothing else. particularly as interaction with a solid object, such as To be faster power is required, but there is a limit to how an airplane and automobile wing. It is a sub-field of fluid much power can be put on the ground. To increase this limit, dynamics and gas dynamics, and many aspects of force to ground must be applied on the wheels.
    [Show full text]
  • Aerodynamics of Road Vehicles
    10 Aerodynamics of Road Vehicles THOMAS MOREL I. INTRODUCTION Vehicle aerodynamics concerns the effects arising due to motion of the vehicle through, or relative to, the air. Its importance to road vehicles became apparent when they started to achieve higher speeds. The automobile as we know it came onto the scene in the last decade of the nineteenth century. Its beginnings roughly coincided with the advent of powered flight, and perhaps for this reason, it became of interest to aerodynamicists right from the start. One of the first attempts to apply aerodynamic principles to road vehicles was the streamlining given to the first holder of the land speed record, a car named Jantaud driven by Gaston Chaseloup-Laubat (Fig. 1). This vehicle held the record several times, culminating with 93 kmIhr (58 mph) achieved in 1899. The early interest in vehicle drag continued and an early paper published in 1922 by Klemperet1) (apparently the very first paper on the subject) already reported actual wind tunnel studies on several then current automobile shapes and also on one low-drag shape. The work was done in the wind tunnel of the Zeppelin Company which was involved in the development and construction of dirigibles. The influence of dirigibles showed in the shape of the low-drag model, which had a streamlined teardrop shape and no wheels. The drag coefficient of this model was 0.15, and it is interesting to note that this value is still among the lowest obtained for a vehicle-shaped body near the ground. The thrust of the original work during the first few decades of the twentieth century was toward the reduction of drag to increase the top speed of road vehicles.
    [Show full text]
  • Numerical and Experimental Investigations on the Aerodynamic Characteristic of Three Typical Passenger Vehicles
    Journal of Applied Fluid Mechanics, Vol. 7, No. 4, pp. 659-671, 2014. Available online at www.jafmonline.net, ISSN 1735-3572, EISSN 1735-3645. Numerical and Experimental Investigations on the Aerodynamic Characteristic of Three Typical Passenger Vehicles Y. Wang1, 2†, Y. Xin1, Zh. Gu3, Sh. Wang3, Y. Deng1 and X. Yang4 1Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology of Automotive Parts, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China 2State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, Changchun 130025, China 3State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body, Changsha 430082, China 4Wuhan Ordnance Noncommissioned officers School, Wuhan 430075, China † Corresponding Author Email: [email protected] (Received September 6, 2013; accepted November 11, 2013) ABSTRACT The numerical simulation and wind tunnel experiment were employed to investigate the aerodynamic characteristics of three typical rear shapes: fastback, notchback and squareback. The object was to investigate the sensibility of aerodynamic characteristic to the rear shape, and provide more comprehensive experimental data as a reference to validate the numerical simulation. In the wind tunnel experiments, the aerodynamic six components of the three models with the yaw angles range from -15 and 15 were measured. The realizable k-ε model was employed to compute the aerodynamic drag, lift and surface pressure distribution at a zero yaw angle. In order to improve the calculation efficiency and accuracy, a hybrid Tetrahedron-Hexahedron- Pentahedral-Prism mesh strategy was used to discretize the computational domain. The computational results showed a good agreement with the experimental data and the results revealed that different rear shapes would induce very different aerodynamic characteristic, and it was difficult to determine the best shape.
    [Show full text]
  • SAE World Congress & Exhibition
    SAE World Congress & Exhibition Technical Session Schedule As of 04/22/2007 07:40 pm Monday, April 16 Is the Light Duty Diesel Ready for Prime Time? Session Code: CONG70 Room FEV Powertrain Innovation Forum Session Time: 10:30 a.m. Beginning last year at the SAE World Congress, a large focus was given to diesel technology. Topics varied from where we are, how it can be implemented cost effectively, alternatives to aftertreatment, production capacity to economic relevance, just to name a few. One year later we're back to revisit light duty diesel technology and look at the successes and roadblocks readying the technology for commercialization. Will the market be ready for the estimated share increase predicted by many by the year 2015? Will the fuel infrastructure, the repair sector and the regulatory agencies be prepared for the large increase in usage? These and other challenges will be discussed by the panel of experts. Moderators - Walter S. McManus, Director-AA Division, OSAT, UMTRI Panelists - James J. Eberhardt, Chief Scientist, Office of FreedomCAR & Veh Tech, US DOE; Christopher Grundler, Deputy Dir, Off of Transp & Air Qty, US EPA; Robert Lee, VP, PowerTrain Product Engineering, DaimlerChrysler Corp.; Tony Molla, VP, Communications, National Inst. for Auto Serv Excellence; James E. Williams, Sr. Downstream Manager, American Petroleum Institute Monday, April 16 A Status Report From North America's Powertrain (NAIPC) Leadership Session Code: CONG71 Room FEV Powertrain Innovation Forum Session Time: 1:30 p.m. NAIPC is an invitation-only event where today's North American powertrain leaders come together and discuss relative topics that impact the automotive industry today and in the future.
    [Show full text]
  • Aerodynamic and Thermal Analysis of a Heat Source at the Underside of a Passenger Vehicle
    AERODYNAMIC AND THERMAL ANALYSIS OF A HEAT SOURCE AT THE UNDERSIDE OF A PASSENGER VEHICLE by Rocky Khasow A thesis submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Applied Science in The Faculty of Applied Sciences Mechanical Engineering University of Ontario Institute of Technology December 2014 © Rocky Khasow, 2014 Abstract and Keywords The first part of this thesis involves full experimental and numerical studies to understand the effects of cross-winds on the automotive underbody aero-thermal phenomena using a 2005 Chevrolet Aveo5 with a heat source affixed to it to create a baseline. The results show that irrespective of the yaw angle used, only temperatures in the vicinity of the heat source increased. The rear suspension also deflected the airflow preventing heat transfer. The second part of this thesis investigated using a diffuser to improve hybrid electric battery pack cooling. It was found that the diffuser led to more consistent temperatures on the diffuser surface, suggesting the same for the battery. Keywords: automotive aerodynamics, thermodynamics, aero-thermal, wind tunnel, computational fluid dynamics, CFD, underbody, cross-winds, battery pack, diffusers. ii Acknowledgements Financial support this research which was supported by NSERC through a Discovery and Engage grants is gratefully acknowledged. The support by Aiolos Engineering Corporation (the industry partner of this thesis) and its contact person and expert aerodynamicist (Scott Best) are greatly appreciated. The gracious support of the ACE’s executives in donating some climatic wind tunnel time for this thesis is acknowledged. The hard work and professionalism of staff members of ACE including John Komar, Gary Elfstrom, Pierre Hinse, Warren Karlson, Kevin Carlucci, Tyson Carvalho, Randy Burnet, Logan Robinson, Andrew Norman, Anthony Van De Wetering is appreciated and acknowledged.
    [Show full text]
  • Drag Reduction in an Automobile by Using Aerodynamic Shapes
    International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT) ISSN: 2278-0181 Vol. 4 Issue 10, October-2015 Drag Reduction in An Automobile by using Aerodynamic Shapes Arvindakarthik K S Mohan Kumar K K Department of Aeronautical Engineering Department of Aeronautical Engineering Sri Ramakrishna Engineering College Sri Ramakrishna Engineering College Coimbatore-641030, Tamil Nadu, INDIA Coimbatore-641030, Tamil Nadu, INDIA Gokul Sangar E Department of Aeronautical Engineering Sri Ramakrishna Engineering College Coimbatore-641030, Tamil Nadu, INDIA Abstract - This paper deals with the reduction of drag. The experimentation can produce sustainable results. maximum concerns of the automotive aerodynamics are Researchers [2] have also investigated the effects of reducing drag, reducing wind noise, minimizing noise utilizing various geometries for the components of the emission, and preventing undesired lift forces and other airfoils behind vans. Others [4] have investigated the causes of aerodynamic instability at high speeds. For some wing/body interaction in generic shapes of closed-wheel classes of racing vehicles, it may also be important to produce race-cars. There have also been investigations in the desirable downwards aerodynamic forces to improve traction patterns of airflow in case of convertible cars [5]. However, and thus cornering abilities. The characteristic shape of a there still great potential for research in this application of road vehicle is bluff, compared to an aircraft and it operates fluid dynamics. very close to the ground, rather than if free air. The operating speeds are lower. Finally, the ground vehicles has fewer A moving van experiences an increase in aerodynamic degree of freedom of motion is less affected by aerodynamic force with an increase in its velocity.
    [Show full text]
  • SAE Vehicle Dynamics Technology Collection : Technical Papers
    SAE Vehicle Dynamics Technology Collection : Technical Papers 11th Annual SAE Brake Colloquium and Engineering Display 933070 Title: RTV—A friction material designers view 933071 Title: Practical evaluation and FEM-modelling of a squealing disc brake 933072 Title: Geometric induced instability in drum brakes 14th Annual Brake Colloquium and Engineering Display 962128 Title: Experimental analysis of low-frequency brake squeal noise 962130 Title: Development of correlation between experimental and analytical modal analysis of brake pads 17th Annual Brake Colloquium and Engineering Display 1999-01-3400 Title: Disc brake corner system modeling and simulation Title: A proposal to predict the noise frequency of a disc brake based on the friction pair interface 1999-01-3403 geometry 1999-01-3405 Title: Global NVH matrix for brake noise—A Bosch proposal 1999-01-3407 Title: Prediction of damping treatment dynamics as bonded to a brake shoe and lining Title: An experimental investigation of disk brake creep-groan in vehicles and brake dynamometer 1999-01-3408 correlation 1999-01-3410 Title: Calculation of average coefficient of friction during braking 18th Annual Brake Colloquium and Engineering Display 2000-01-2753 Title: Dynamic modeling of brake friction coefficients 2000-01-2760 Title: Ultra Q™process 2000-01-2763 Title: Cost-effective Aluminium MMC brake discs 2000-01-2764 Title: Modal participation analysis for identifying brake squeal mechanism 2000-01-2765 Title: On the analysis of brake squeal propensity using finite element method 2000-01-2766
    [Show full text]
  • CFD Study of Optimal Under-Hood Flow for Thermal Management of Electric Vehicles
    CFD Study of Optimal Under-hood Flow for Thermal Management of Electric Vehicles Master’s thesis in Applied Mechanics JOHAN NORDIN Department of Applied Mechanics CHALMERS UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY Göteborg, Sweden 2017 Master’s thesis 2017:40 CFD Study of Optimal Under-hood Flow for Thermal Management of Electric Vehicles JOHAN NORDIN Department of Applied Mechanics Division of Vehicle Engineering and Autonomous Systems Chalmers University of Technology Göteborg, Sweden 2017 CFD Study of Optimal Under-hood Flow for Thermal Management of Electric Ve- hicles JOHAN NORDIN © JOHAN NORDIN, 2017. Master’s Thesis 2017:40 ISSN 1652-8557 Department of Applied Mechanics Division of Vehicle Engineering and Autonomous Systems Chalmers University of Technology SE-412 96 Göteborg Sweden Telephone: +46 (0)31 772 1000 Cover: Streamlines colored by velocity through the heat exchanger of configuration B.8. Chalmers Reproservice Göteborg, Sweden 2017 CFD Study of Optimal Under-hood Flow for Thermal Management of Electric Ve- hicles Master’s thesis in Applied Mechanics JOHAN NORDIN Department of Applied Mechanics Division of Vehicle Engineering and Autonomous Systems Chalmers University of Technology Abstract To improve fuel economy of conventional vehicles and the driving range of electric vehicles, reducing the aerodynamic drag is of particular interest. As electric vehi- cles typically have lower cooling power requirement, reducing the aerodynamic drag induced by cooling air is of utter importance. This study investigates alternative under-hood cooling flow solutions, with the tar- get of reducing cooling drag for battery electric vehicles (BEV). Two different ap- proaches of positioning the vehicle’s heat exchangers (in series and in parallel) with a number of different air inlet and outlet configurations have been evaluated us- ing CFD simulations.
    [Show full text]
  • Aerodynamics of Vehicles
    International Journal of Advanced Research in Engineering and Technology (IJARET) Volume 11, Issue 11, November 2020, pp.1996-2001, Article ID: IJARET_11_11_191 Available online at http://iaeme.com/Home/issue/IJARET?Volume=11&Issue=11 ISSN Print: 0976-6480 and ISSN Online: 0976-6499 DOI: 10.34218/IJARET.11.11.2020.191 © IAEME Publication Scopus Indexed AERODYNAMICS OF VEHICLES Shivam Agarwal Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sanskriti University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India. ABSTRACT Automobile performance depends upon engine, tires, suspension, road but most significant impact is by aerodynamics, nobody was thinking about aerodynamics when horse was replaced by thermal engine over 100 years ago. The goal was to shield the driver and passengers from wind, rain and dust as before. After the tremendous advancement flight engineering, the idea of applying aerodynamics to road cars appeared much later. Smooth and streamlined shapes were developed for both airships and aircraft that significantly lowered the drag and allowed higher cruising speeds at any (limited) engine power. This article will discuss about all the small components of aerodynamics, its importance in vehicle design. Broadly vehicles are divided into two segments one is racing vehicles and other is general vehicles though both type of vehicles require aerodynamic properties but in different objectives. Importance of aerodynamics in motorsports and in road vehicles will be discussed as well as the need of other aerodynamic components used in these vehicles. Key words: Aerodynamics, performance, flight, engineering, cruising speed, motorsports, road vehicles & streamlined. Cite this Article: Shivam Agarwal, Aerodynamics of Vehicles, International Journal of Advanced Research in Engineering and Technology, 11(11), 2020, pp.
    [Show full text]
  • A Review of Aerodynamic Fundamentals in Automobiles
    Imperial International Journal of Eco-friendly Technologies Vol.- 1, Issue-1(2016), pp.12-17 IIJET A Review of Aerodynamic Fundamentals in Automobiles *Kartikeya Akojwar *Mechanical Department, Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal *Email Id:- [email protected] Abstract I. Introduction Automotive engineering has rendered a lot of scope to a Automotive aerodynamics is the field of study of blend of branches of study. One of them is the aerodynamic aerodynamics of all road vehicles. This study gained study of vehicle dynamics and its importance in design popularization with the instigation of automotive racing considerations of various automobiles. The history of which relied a lot on improvement in the vehicle`s aerodynamics dates back to a couple of centuries. Seeing performance by reducing the aerodynamic drag force. birds fly, man had always wanted to explore the domain Aerodynamics is a study of fluid flow and drawing conclusions based on the aerodynamic forces generated as a which was only limited to the flying species. Having result of this flow. Hence it a part of fluid mechanics wherein developed a lot of concepts and models and the world study of only one fluid is done, which is air. In fluid witnessing a variety of aero-enthusiasts who were either mechanical terms, road vehicles are assumed to be bluffed chauffeurs or airmen, the success of aerodynamics was bodies in very close proximity to the ground. Their geometry enormously celebrated by the people. With the advent of in detail is extremely complex with the flow around the engines driven vehicles, aerodynamic parameters became an internal and external recesses and cavities and rotating important point of research.
    [Show full text]
  • Some Observations on Shape Factors Influencing Aerodynamic Lift On
    fluids Article Some Observations on Shape Factors Influencing Aerodynamic Lift on Passenger Cars Jeff Howell 1,*, Steve Windsor 2 and Martin Passmore 1 1 Aeronautical and Automotive Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK; [email protected] 2 Aerodynamics Department, Jaguar Land Rover, Gaydon CV35 0RR, UK; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: The car aerodynamicist developing passenger cars is primarily interested in reducing aerodynamic drag. Considerably less attention is paid to the lift characteristics except in the case of high-performance cars. Lift, however, can have an effect on both performance and stability, even at moderate speeds. In this paper, the basic shape features which affect lift and the lift distribution, as determined from the axle loads, are examined from wind tunnel tests on various small-scale bodies representing passenger cars. In most cases, the effects of yaw are also considered. The front-end shape is found to have very little effect on overall lift, although it can influence the lift distribution. The shape of the rear end of the car, however, is shown to be highly influential on the lift. The add-on components and other features can have a significant effect on the lift characteristics of real passenger cars and are briefly discussed. The increase in lift at yaw is, surprisingly, almost independent of shape, as shown for the simple bodies. This characteristic is less pronounced on real passenger cars but lift increase at yaw is shown to rise with vehicle length. Keywords: car aerodynamics; lift; lift distribution; wind tunnel; shape effects; yaw angle Citation: Howell, J.; Windsor, S.; Passmore, M.
    [Show full text]