Lex Saxonum CHARLEMAGNE SUBDUES the SAXONS - VIII CENTURY

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Lex Saxonum CHARLEMAGNE SUBDUES the SAXONS - VIII CENTURY LEX SAXONUM CHARLEMAGNE SUBDUES THE SAXONS - VIII CENTURY Lex Saxonum is a two player game that si- vements and/or combats (in order to simu- mulates the conquest of Saxony by Charle- late the difficulty for an army to cross the magne in the last quarter of the 8th centu- river) but the right bank cannot be pillaged ry. One player represents the Carolingians and has no fortifications. The Cologne units of Austrasia, Hesse, Thuringe and West are always deployed on the left bank (where Friesland. This player is called “the Caro- the town is). lingian”. The other player controls various The territory Aix-la-Chapelle (that repre- Saxon tribal federations and their Danish sents all of Charlemagne’s residences and Frisian allies. This player is called “the in Austrasia: Thionville, Attigny... Aix-la- Saxon”.. Chapelle) is linked to Cologne (city side), Koblenz (Coblence) and Büraburg. 1 - DeScription oF tHe GAMe Treva and Verden are adjacent. 1.1 - MAp Certain territories are grouped into larger The map approximates medieval Saxo- ensembles. (Austrasia, Hesse, Westphalia, ny and the surrounding regions. It is divi- Angria, Eastphalia). These ensembles have ded into territories corresponding to the no affect on the activation of units. Saxon, Slav and Frisian tribal zones, and to the Carolingian counties. Each territo- 1.2 - tiMe ScALe ry is identified by a name, a symbol, a re- Each game turn represents one year. source point value (RP) symbolised by one of more coins and a fortification. The Saxon 1.3 - UnitS fortresses, the Carolingian cities and stron- Each unit represents between a few hun- gholds as well as the abbeys and bishop’s dred and a thousand combattants. The palaces symbolise both a territory’s fortifi- units are identified by the name of their ori- cations and the combattants defending this ginal territory and a possible combat bo- territory. nus. The colour of the symbol on the back A friendly territory is any territory control- side of the unit indicates its owing nation. led by one’s camp at the beginning of the game or later conquered and free of ene- my units. An enemy territory is one that is controlled by the opposing camp at the be- Army ginning of the game or later conquered. The presence or absence of a unit from Bonus of Name of unit one’s camp has no impact on the territo- combat ry’s status. The Cologne territory is divided by the Original territory Rhine. It counts as two territories for mo- Back 2/ VaeVictis - n° 147 - septembre/octobre 2019 1.4 - coMMAnDerS 2 - reSoUrce pointS Each camp has a commander counter. The Each player calculates his resource points main purpose of commanders - (RP) and indicates the number Charlemagne and Widukind - is on the RP table. to facilite the organisation and taken into consideration : management of the military operations. Wi- – The unspent rp from the previous turn. dukind may be killed in combat, not Charle- – The rp of each player’s initially controlled magne. If Widukind is killed, he does not re- and un-pillaged territories. turn to the game. – The rp of the converted Saxon territories (for the Carolingian). 1.5 - StrAtageMS – 1 rp per intact abbey (Carolingian only, The stratagems simulate details specific to even if the territory is pillaged). the campaigns of the Saxon wars. The let- – 1 rp if the Irminsul was not destroyed ter inscribed on the counter specifies during (Saxon only, even if the territory is pillaged). which turn phase the event may be played.. – The rp of the territories pillaged on the previous turn 1. 6 - SeqUence oF pLAy – 1 rp per fortress or stronghold seized on A. Calculation of resource points the previous turn. B. Determination of the initiative. – 2 rp per abbey/bishop’s palace seized on c. Purchase of stratagems. the previous turn. D. Purchase and positioning of reinforce- – 3 rp per town seized on the preceding ments. turn. e. Operations phase of both players. – The rp granted to the Carolingian fol- F. Reorganisation lowing the stratagems Campaign against the Avars or Campaign in Italy that were 1. 7 - Set-Up played by the Saxon during the previous The units are positioned in the territory with turn. the same name. All the units are turned note : The RP granted by the events Bonnes over to their inactive (back) side. The Scara récoltes (Good harvest) or Impôt impérial units as well as the Charlemagne counter (Imperial Tax) are tallied at the end of the are placed at Aix-la-Chapelle. The Neustria phase C. unit is placed in reserve by the Carolingian. exception : on the first turn (772), the Saxon The Irminsul counter is placed at Eresburg receives 7 RP and the Carolingian 10 RP. (see 7.3). The maximum number of available RP per The Turn marker is placed on player is limited to 25. its Carolingian side on the Year track in 772. On the Resources 3 - initiAtive track, the Saxon’s Resources marker is The player with the most RP has the ini- placed on 7 and Carolingian’s on 10. tiative for the turn. In the case of a tie, the The Stratagem markers are placed in an Saxon has the initiative if Widukind is in opaque container. play, otherwise the Carolingian has the ini- The other markers are placed close to the tiative. players for their future use. /3 4 - StrAtageMS is placed in Denmark. It can combat for the 4.1 - pUrcHASe oF StrAtAGeMS Saxon if it is activated in its original territo- Each player may draw up to three strata- ry. It becomes neutral again at the end of gems per turn: the first is free, the second the turn. costs 1 rp, and the third costs 2 rp. Pro- • Alliance frisonne (D) - Frisian alliance : ceed stratagem after stratagem in turns the Frisian units arrive in reinforcement. beginning with the player who has the ini- They are positioned in Friesland. They may tiative. The stratagems are drawn at ran- combat for the Saxon if they are activated dom. The players may only look at their in their original territory. They become neu- stratagems once they declare they have fi- tral again at the end of the turn. nished their purchases. • Aux armes ! (Angrie) (e) -To arms! (An- gria) : All the units from Angria present on 4.2 - USe oF StrAtageMS the map in unconquered territories (inclu- Each stratagem marker has two sides: ding Denmark) are activated freely. a Saxon side and a Carolingian side. The • Aux armes ! (ostphalie) (e) -To arms! player may only play the stratagem corres- (Eastphalia) : All the Eastphalia (Ostphalie) ponding to the camp he controls. Playing units present on the map in unconquered a stratagem is never mandatory (except territories (including Denmark) are activa- “trêve” [“Truce”]). All unplayed stratagems ted freely.. are discarded at the end of the turn. • Aux armes ! (Westphalie) (e) -To arms! The resources stratagems are used imme- (Westphalia) : All the Westphalia units pre- diately (but do not provoke a new calcula- sent on the map in unconquered territories tion of the initiative) and the allocated sums (including Denmark) are activated freely. are added to the player’s RP. • Bonnes récoltes (c) -Good Harvest : the The Trêve stratagem is used immediately Saxon rolls 1D6: 1-2 he wins 1 additional after the resources stratagems. RP. 3-4, 2 RP. 5-6, 3 RP.. The reinforcements stratagems (Danish, • campagne contre les Avars (D) -Cam- Frisian, Neustrian) are used during phase paign against the Avars : the Scara units D. (present at Aix-la-Chapelle), Neustria and The Raids and Revolts stratagems are used Charlemagne cannot be activated this turn. during phase E and count as a normal ope- A unit from Austrasia and a unit from Thu- ration. ringe are removed from the game for the The stratagem Campagne d’hiver (Winter turn, they return freely to their original zone campaign) is used in phase F after the re- during phase D on the following turn. In deployment (see 8.1). It is a special opera- phase B of the following turn, the Carolin- tion. gian rolls 1D6: 1-2 he wins 2 additional RP. The tactical stratagems are used during 3-4, 3 RP. 5-6, 4 RP. combats in phase E. • campagne en italie (D) -Campaign in Ita- ly : the Scara units (present at Aix-la-Cha- 4.3 - DeScription oF StrAtAGeMS pelle), Neustria and Charlemagne cannot 4.3.1 - Saxons stratagems be activated this turn. One unit from Aus- • Alliance danoise (D) -Danish alliance : trasia and one from Hesse are removed the Danish unit arrives in reinforcement. It from the game for the turn; they will return 4/ VaeVictis - n° 147 - septembre/octobre 2019 freely to their original zone during phase D this case, after its application, this strata- of the following turn. In phase B of the fol- gem is definitively eliminated. lowing turn, the Carolingian rolls 1D6 : 1-2 • révolte (e) -Revolt : a Saxon territory that he wins 2 additional RP. 3-4, 3 RP. 5-6, 4 RP. is conquered revolts (as the Saxon chooses). • embuscade (e) -Ambush : before the first If the territory did not convert, revolt is auto- round of a combat, the player that plays matic. Otherwise, the revolt erupts on a 1D6 this stratagem launches a free attack with result of 4, 5 or 6. 1D6 (without bonus). A hit is applied before If the territory contains units of the Carolin- the normal pursuit of the combat. If both gian, the possible fortification remains un- players play this stratagem at the same der Carolingian control.
Recommended publications
  • The Carolingian Past in Post-Carolingian Europe Simon Maclean
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by St Andrews Research Repository 1 The Carolingian Past in Post-Carolingian Europe Simon MacLean On 28 January 893, a 13-year-old known to posterity as Charles III “the Simple” (or “Straightforward”) was crowned king of West Francia at the great cathedral of Rheims. Charles was a great-great-grandson in the direct male line of the emperor Charlemagne andclung tightly to his Carolingian heritage throughout his life.1 Indeed, 28 January was chosen for the coronation precisely because it was the anniversary of his great ancestor’s death in 814. However, the coronation, for all its pointed symbolism, was not a simple continuation of his family’s long-standing hegemony – it was an act of rebellion. Five years earlier, in 888, a dearth of viable successors to the emperor Charles the Fat had shattered the monopoly on royal authority which the Carolingian dynasty had claimed since 751. The succession crisis resolved itself via the appearance in all of the Frankish kingdoms of kings from outside the family’s male line (and in some cases from outside the family altogether) including, in West Francia, the erstwhile count of Paris Odo – and while Charles’s family would again hold royal status for a substantial part of the tenth century, in the long run it was Odo’s, the Capetians, which prevailed. Charles the Simple, then, was a man displaced in time: a Carolingian marooned in a post-Carolingian political world where belonging to the dynasty of Charlemagne had lost its hegemonic significance , however loudly it was proclaimed.2 His dilemma represents a peculiar syndrome of the tenth century and stands as a symbol for the theme of this article, which asks how members of the tenth-century ruling class perceived their relationship to the Carolingian past.
    [Show full text]
  • Facts About the Treaty of Verdun
    Facts About The Treaty Of Verdun Wilmar win fiercely if letter-perfect Salim laurelled or peg. Self-styled Teodor footle soddenly. Inexpensive and demulcent Brooks wipes rather and joins his firetraps paratactically and barefooted. Charlemagne ordered world with facts, not understand the important to gain a different trees, pouring forward over the title and japanese. Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. European Political Facts 14-191. Madeleine Hosli Amie Kreppel Bla Plechanovov Amy Verdun. The Basques attacked and destroyed his rearguard and baggage train. America had missed the epic battles of Verdun and the Somme where. In the context of dwelling, it refers to the funeral of dubious entire dwelling, including the policy of the land it resolve on defence of imposing other structure, such transfer a garage, which vary on century property. The disease spreads overseas walking the Western Front. Day their gods were worn by charlemagne was under frankish kingdom of fact, private dwelling was formed by paulinus of. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. In what year, Charlemagne was crowned emperor and adapted his existing royal administration to evolve up wanted the expectations of his ancient title. Godfred invaded frisia, verdun treaty of fact roman forces of odin and use of an end. Similar agreements had already been signed by Bulgaria, Turkey and Austria. Treaty A compact made between two or more independent nations with a view to the publicwelfare. Who defeated the Franks? The country from the lands, united states are absolutely essential for easier reading in verdun facts treaty of the few troops.
    [Show full text]
  • Revisiting the Monument Fifty Years Since Panofsky’S Tomb Sculpture
    REVISITING THE MONUMENT FIFTY YEARS SINCE PANOFSKY’S TOMB SCULPTURE EDITED BY ANN ADAMS JESSICA BARKER Revisiting The Monument: Fifty Years since Panofsky’s Tomb Sculpture Edited by Ann Adams and Jessica Barker With contributions by: Ann Adams Jessica Barker James Alexander Cameron Martha Dunkelman Shirin Fozi Sanne Frequin Robert Marcoux Susie Nash Geoffrey Nuttall Luca Palozzi Matthew Reeves Kim Woods Series Editor: Alixe Bovey Courtauld Books Online is published by the Research Forum of The Courtauld Institute of Art Somerset House, Strand, London WC2R 0RN © 2016, The Courtauld Institute of Art, London. ISBN: 978-1-907485-06-0 Courtauld Books Online Advisory Board: Paul Binski (University of Cambridge) Thomas Crow (Institute of Fine Arts) Michael Ann Holly (Sterling and Francine Clark Art Institute) Courtauld Books Online is a series of scholarly books published by The Courtauld Institute of Art. The series includes research publications that emerge from Courtauld Research Forum events and Courtauld projects involving an array of outstanding scholars from art history and conservation across the world. It is an open-access series, freely available to readers to read online and to download without charge. The series has been developed in the context of research priorities of The Courtauld which emphasise the extension of knowledge in the fields of art history and conservation, and the development of new patterns of explanation. For more information contact [email protected] All chapters of this book are available for download at courtauld.ac.uk/research/courtauld-books-online Every effort has been made to contact the copyright holders of images reproduced in this publication.
    [Show full text]
  • Deeds of the Saxons 1St Edition Kindle
    DEEDS OF THE SAXONS 1ST EDITION PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Bernard Bachrach | 9780813226934 | | | | | Deeds of the Saxons 1st edition PDF Book Ironically, it is precisely in the preface to each book, including this one, that Widukind demonstrates his rhetorical skills, and potentially runs the risk of having his language be judged excessive, i. Whether you're a budding rare book collector or a bibliophile with an evniable collection, discover an amazing selection of rare and collectible books from booksellers around the world. They draw on a large number of other written sources of information, including both narrative works and the political, economic, social, and military affairs of the day, and provide an extensive apparatus of notes. LOG IN. The contexts and dates of the various versions which these represent have occasioned much discussion. Deeds of the Saxons. Preface p. Roman Reflections uses a series of detailed and deeply researched case studies to explore how Roman society connected with and influenced Northern Europe during the Iron and Viking Ages. The Franks get the help of the newly immigrated Saxons who are looking for land, and a bloody battle is fought at Scithingi. PleWidukind, a monk at the prominent monastery of Corvey in Saxony during the middle third of the tenth century, is known to posterity through his Res gestae Saxonicae, an exceptionally rich account of the Saxon people and the reigns of the first two rulers of the Ottonian dynasty, Henry I. Book Two pp. These are the patron saints of the monastery of Corvey. Simplified Ottonian Dynastic Genealogy p. Roman Reflections.
    [Show full text]
  • The Conquest and Forced Conversion of the Saxons Under Charlemagne
    Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Master's Theses Graduate School 2013 Res Voluntaria, Non Necessaria: The onquesC t and Forced Conversion of the Saxons under Charlemagne Alexander Scott esD sens Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses Part of the History Commons Recommended Citation Dessens, Alexander Scott, "Res Voluntaria, Non Necessaria: The onqueC st and Forced Conversion of the Saxons under Charlemagne" (2013). LSU Master's Theses. 1275. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses/1275 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Master's Theses by an authorized graduate school editor of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. RES VOLUNTARIA, NON NECESSARIA: THE CONQUEST AND FORCED CONVERSION OF THE SAXONS UNDER CHARLEMAGNE A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in The Department of History by Alexander Dessens B.A., Louisiana State University, 2010 December 2013 © Copyright 2013 Alexander Dessens All rights reserved ii TABLE OF CONTENTS ABBREVIATIONS. iv ABSTRACT. v INTRODUCTION: A THING OF WILL?. 1 THE SAXON WARS AND MISSIONARY IDEOLOGY IN MODERN SCHOLARSHIP. 9 THE OPENING PHASE OF THE SAXON WARS: CAMPAIGNS AND CONVERSIONS, 772-781. 28 DESPERATE MEASURES: REBELLION, FRUSTRATION, AND THE ‘TERROR CAPITULARY,’ 782-785 . 42 THE END OF THE CONFLICT, 793-804.
    [Show full text]
  • Approaches to Community and Otherness in the Late Merovingian and Early Carolingian Periods
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by White Rose E-theses Online Approaches to Community and Otherness in the Late Merovingian and Early Carolingian Periods Richard Christopher Broome Submitted in accordance with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy The University of Leeds School of History September 2014 ii The candidate confirms that the work submitted is his own and that appropriate credit has been given where reference has been made to the work of others. This copy has been supplied on the understanding that it is copyright material and that no quotation from the thesis may be published without proper acknowledgement. The right of Richard Christopher Broome to be identified as Author of this work has been asserted by him in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. © 2014 The University of Leeds and Richard Christopher Broome iii Acknowledgements There are many people without whom this thesis would not have been possible. First of all, I would like to thank my supervisor, Ian Wood, who has been a constant source of invaluable knowledge, advice and guidance, and who invited me to take on the project which evolved into this thesis. The project he offered me came with a substantial bursary, for which I am grateful to HERA and the Cultural Memory and the Resources of the Past project with which I have been involved. Second, I would like to thank all those who were also involved in CMRP for their various thoughts on my research, especially Clemens Gantner for guiding me through the world of eighth-century Italy, to Helmut Reimitz for sending me a pre-print copy of his forthcoming book, and to Graeme Ward for his thoughts on Aquitanian matters.
    [Show full text]
  • Chips from a German Workshop. Vol. III. by F
    The Project Gutenberg EBook of Chips From A German Workshop. Vol. III. by F. Max Müller This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at http://www.gutenberg.org/license Title: Chips From A German Workshop. Vol. III. Author: F. Max Müller Release Date: September 10, 2008 [Ebook 26572] Language: English ***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK CHIPS FROM A GERMAN WORKSHOP. VOL. III.*** CHIPS FROM A GERMAN WORKSHOP BY F. MAX MÜLLER, M. A., FOREIGN MEMBER OF THE FRENCH INSTITUTE, ETC. VOLUME III. ESSAYS ON LITERATURE, BIOGRAPHY, AND ANTIQUITIES. NEW YORK: CHARLES SCRIBNER AND COMPANY. 1871. Contents DEDICATION. 2 I. GERMAN LITERATURE. 3 LIST OF EXTRACTS FOR ILLUSTRATING THE HISTORY OF GERMAN LITERATURE. 39 II. OLD GERMAN LOVE-SONGS. 48 III. YE SCHYPPE OF FOOLES. 58 IV. LIFE OF SCHILLER. 68 V. WILHELM MÜLLER. 1794-1827. 90 VI. ON THE LANGUAGE AND POETRY OF SCHLESWIG-HOLSTEIN. 108 VII. JOINVILLE. 144 VIII. THE JOURNAL DES SAVANTS AND THE JOUR- NAL DE TRÉVOUX. 179 IX. CHASOT. 187 X. SHAKESPEARE. 200 XI. BACON IN GERMANY. 203 XII. A GERMAN TRAVELLER IN ENGLAND. 217 XIII. CORNISH ANTIQUITIES. 223 XIV. ARE THERE JEWS IN CORNWALL? . 268 XV. THE INSULATION OF ST. MICHAEL'S MOUNT. 294 XVI. BUNSEN. 317 LETTERS FROM BUNSEN TO MAX MÜLLER IN THE YEARS 1848 TO 1859. 360 Footnotes . 485 [i] DEDICATION. TO FRANCIS TURNER PALGRAVE, IN GRATEFUL REMEMBRANCE OF KIND HELP GIVEN TO ME IN MY FIRST ATTEMPTS AT WRITING IN ENGLISH, AND AS A MEMORIAL OF MANY YEARS OF FAITHFUL FRIENDSHIP.
    [Show full text]
  • Charlemagne Descent
    Selected descendants of Charlemagne to the early 16th century (1 of 315) Charlemagne King of the Franks Hildegard of Vinzgau b: 742 d: 28 January 813/14 Irmengard of Hesbain Louis I "The Pious" Emperor of the West Judith of Bavaria Pepin of Italy b: 778 in Casseneuil, France d: 810 d: 20 June 840 Lothair I Holy Roman Emperor Irmengard Comtesse de Tours Louis II "The German" King of the East Emma von Bayern Gisela Eberhard Duke of Fruili Cont. p. 2 Cont. p. 3 d: 29 September 855 in Pruem, Franks b: 821 b: Abt. 815 Rheinland, Germany d: 28 August 876 d: 16 December 866 Ermengarde Princesse des Francs Giselbert II Graf von Maasgau Carloman König von Bayern Cont. p. 4 Anscar I Duke of Ivrea b: 825 b: 829 d: March 901/02 d: 14 June 877 d: 880 Reginar I Comte de Hainaut Herzog von Alberade von Kleve Adalbert I Duke of Ivrea Gisela of Fruili Lothringen d: Aft. 28 February 928/29 b: 850 d: 915 in Meerssen, The Netherlands Cont. p. 5 Cont. p. 6 Selected descendants of Charlemagne to the early 16th century (2 of 315) Louis I "The Pious" Emperor of the West b: 778 in Casseneuil, France Judith of Bavaria d: 20 June 840 Cont. p. 1 Charles II King of the West Franks Ermentrude of Orléans b: 13 June 823 b: 27 September 823 d: 6 October 877 d: 6 October 869 Judith (Princess) Baldwin I Count of Flanders Louis II King of the West Franks Adelaide de Paris b: 844 d: 858 b: 1 November 846 d: 870 d: 10 April 879 Baldwin II Count of Flanders Æfthryth Ermentrude of France Cont.
    [Show full text]
  • THE CONQUEST of SAXONY AD 782–785 Charlemagne’S Defeat of Widukind of Westphalia
    THE CONQUEST OF SAXONY AD 782–785 Charlemagne’s defeat of Widukind of Westphalia DAVID NICOLLE ILLUSTRATED BY GRAHAM TURNER © Osprey Publishing • www.ospreypublishing.com CAMPAIGN 271 THE CONQUEST OF SAXONY AD 782–785 Charlemagne’s defeat of Widukind of Westphalia DAVID NICOLLE ILLUSTRATED BY GRAHAM TURNER Series editor Marcus Cowper © Osprey Publishing • www.ospreypublishing.com CONTENTS INTRODUCTION: FRANKS AND SAXONS 5 CHRONOLOGY 19 OPPOSING COMMANDERS 22 Carolingian commandersSaxon commanders OPPOSING FORCES 32 Carolingian forcesSaxon forces OPPOSING PLANS 42 Carolingian plansSaxon plans THE CAMPAIGN 46 Carolingian defeat in the Süntel Hills, AD 782The Saxon defeat AFTERMATH 79 A continuing struggleImpact on the SaxonsImpact on the Carolingians THE BATTLEFIELDS TODAY 91 FURTHER READING 93 INDEX 95 © Osprey Publishing • www.ospreypublishing.com The Carolingian kingdom and its neighbours, c. AD 782 N 1. Willebrord of Northumbria’s mission to 7. Southern provinces of the Lombard the Frisians (c. ad 690–739). Kingdom of Italy divided between the 2. Boniface of Wessex’s mission to the Duchy of Spoleto (nominally Papal) and Frisians and Hessians (c. AD 716–754). the Lombard Principality of Benevento). 3. Willehad of Northumbria’s mission to the 8. March of Friuli established in AD 776. Saxons (AD 780–789). 9. Against Lombard Kingdom of Italy in 4. Territory south of the Teutoburger Wald AD 773–74. KINGDOM lost by Franks to Saxons in AD 695, 10. Against rebel Lombard Duke of Friuli reconquered AD 722–804. later in AD 776. OF THE 5. Bavaria under Carolingian overlordship 11. Against Saragossa in AD 778. SCOTTISH KINGDOMS PICTS from AD 778.
    [Show full text]
  • Conquest and Colonization in the Early Middle Ages: the Carolingians and Saxony, C
    Conquest and Colonization in the Early Middle Ages: The Carolingians and Saxony, c. 751–842 by Christopher Thomas Landon A thesis submitted in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Centre for Medieval Studies University of Toronto © Copyright by Christopher Thomas Landon 2017 Conquest and Colonization in the Early Middle Ages: The Carolingians and Saxony, c. 751–842 Christopher Thomas Landon Doctor of Philosophy Centre for Medieval Studies University of Toronto 2017 Abstract This thesis reconsiders longstanding questions regarding the economic and ideological forces that drove Frankish expansion into Saxony in the late eighth and early ninth centuries, Frankish strategies of rule in the newly conquered region, and the effects of conquest and cultural disposession on the Saxons themselves. Specifically, the dissertation seeks to present a new interpretation of this critical historical episode as a process of colonization. After an introduction that briefly outlines various conceptions and definitions of colonization and how these apply to the early medieval period, chapter one provides an overview of the main Latin and Old Saxon sources regarding Saxony and the Saxons in the Carolingian period from the coronation of Pippin III to the suppression of the Saxon Stellinga uprising in 842. The chapter emphasizes the tendentious nature of these sources and the ways in which they reflect the perspective of the colonizer while obscuring the experiences of the colonized. Chapter two looks at the ideological justifications for the conquest advanced in the Frankish primary sources, arguing that the Franks’ forcible Christianization of the Saxons was driven in part by the Carolingian dynasty’s increasingly close ties with the papacy and by ancient imperial prerogatives regarding the extension of the faith.
    [Show full text]
  • Warrior Bishops: the Development of the Fighting Clergy Under the Ottonians in the Tenth Century
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by CU Scholar Institutional Repository University of Colorado, Boulder CU Scholar Undergraduate Honors Theses Honors Program Spring 2016 Warrior Bishops: The evelopmeD nt of the Fighting Clergy under the Ottonians in the Tenth Century Jordan N. Becker University of Colorado, Boulder, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://scholar.colorado.edu/honr_theses Part of the European History Commons, History of Religion Commons, Medieval History Commons, and the Military History Commons Recommended Citation Becker, Jordan N., "Warrior Bishops: The eD velopment of the Fighting Clergy under the Ottonians in the Tenth Century" (2016). Undergraduate Honors Theses. Paper 1102. This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by Honors Program at CU Scholar. It has been accepted for inclusion in Undergraduate Honors Theses by an authorized administrator of CU Scholar. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Warrior Bishops: The Development of the Fighting Clergy under the Ottonians in the Tenth Century Jordan Becker Department of History Honors Thesis University of Colorado Boulder Defense: April 5th, 2016 Primary Thesis Advisor: Professor Scott Bruce, Department of History Defense Committee: Dr. Saskia Hintz, Department of Germanic and Slavic Languages and Literatures Professor Mithi Mukherjee, Department of History Abstract The Ottonian Empire in Germany experienced numerous wars, invasions, and rebellions over the course of the tenth century. Because the royal family practiced an itinerant form of rule, they established an infrastructure of ecclesiastical establishments that facilitated the royal household’s movements and defended the rest of the realm.
    [Show full text]
  • Widukind on the Saxon Origins
    Acta Poloniae Historica 91. 2005 PL ISSN 0001 - 6829 Jacek Banaszkiewicz WIDUKIND ON THE SAXON ORIGINS Saxo, Thuring, and Landkaufszene (Res gestae Saxonicae, I, 5). The Imitation of Ancient Patterns, an Old Tribal Saga or the Product of Scholarly Erudition by Saxon Intellectuals of the 9th-10th centuries? The Chronicle by Widukind as a whole, as well as its respec­ tive parts, have had a long and prolific research history1. The initial part of the work, called by historians a legend on the Saxons’ arrival or the Saxon tribal saga2, provokes vivid and 1 H. B e u m a n n . Widukind von Korvei Untersuchungen zur Geschichtsschreibung und Ideengeschichte des 10. Jahrhunderts, Weimar 1950; K. Hauck, Widukind von Korvei, in: Die deutsche Literatur des Mittelalters. Verfasserlexikon, ed. K. Langosch, vol. IV, Berlin 1953, pp. 946-958; W. v o n Stetten, Der Nieder­ schlag liudolfingischer Hausüberlieferung in den ersten Werken der ottonischen Geschichtsschreibung, unpublished Ph.D. thesis.. Erlangen Philology Depart­ ment. 1954, p. 60 ff. ; L. Bornscheuer. Miseriae regum. Untersuchungen zum Krisen- und Todesgedanken in den herrschaftstheologischen Vorstellungen der ottonisch — salischen Zeit, Berlin 1968, p. 16 ff; H. B e u m an n , Historiographi- sche Konzeption und politisiche Ziele Widukinds von Korvei, 1970, in: by the same author. W issenschaft vom Mittelalter, Köln 1972, pp. 71-108; E. Karpf, Herr­ scherlegitimation und Reichsbegriff in der ottonischen Geschichtsschreibung des 10. Jahrhunderts, Stuttgart 1985, p. 144 ff; B. Schneidmüller, Widukind von Corwey, Richer von Reims, in: HZ — Beiträge zur mittelalterlichen Reich- und Nationsbildung in Deutschland und Frankreich ed. C. Brühl, B.
    [Show full text]