NEWS & V IEWS FROM THE SUSTAINABLE SOUTHWEST

The History of La Bajada Village 1929–2017

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4 Green Fire Times • June 2017 www.GreenFireTimes.com Vol. 9, No. 6 • June 2017 Issue No. 98 PUBLISHER Green Fire Publishing, LLC Skip Whitson ASSOCIATE PUBLISHER Barbara E. Brown NEWS & V IEWS FROM THE SUSTAINABLE SOUTHWEST EDITOR-IN-CHIEF Seth Roffman W !!"# %& '(" S)*'+ !+,-" S+!'+ F" A.+#/ &%# O)'*'+!/ !0 E/)1+' %!+- P#%2"1' DESIGN Green Fire Production Department COPY EDITOR CONTENTS Stephen Klinger WEBMASTER Karen Shepherd THE HISTORY OF L A B AJADA V ILLAGE (1929–2017) – HILARIO E. ROMERO ...... 7 CONTRIBUTING WRITERS Sarah Ghiorse, Fatima van Hattum, Melanie Margarita OP-ED: THE PATH, THE ROAD AND THE SUPERHIGHWAY – ALEJANDRO L ÓPEZ ...... 9 Kirby, Eytan Krasilovsky, Alejandro López, Mohammad Ali Musawi, Seth Roffman, Hilario E. Romero, Rosemary Romero, Pam Roy, LISA L AW AND RAY B ELCHER: VINTAGE NEW MEXICO PHOTOGRAPHS...... 13 Andy Salazar, Sommer Smith/MediaDesk NM CONTRIBUTING PHOTOGRAPHERS NNMC: EMBRACING THE FUTURE TO PRESERVE THE PAST – MOHAMMAD ALI MUSAWI ...... 15 Ray Belcher, Kevin Horan, Melanie Margarita Kirby, Sandy Krolick, Lisa Law, Alejandro López, Seth Roffman, Hilario E. Romero ESPAÑOLA COMMUNITY MARKET – ANDY SALAZAR ...... 19

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6 Green Fire Times • June 2017 www.GreenFireTimes.com LA BAJADA VILLAGE Surviving the Depression (1929–1941), Enduring World War II (1942–1947), Abandonment, 1950s Drought, Revival (1960–80), Struggle to Remain a Village (1980–2017)

PART III OF THREE ARTICLES BY HILARIO E. ROMERO

Introduction It is truly amazing that the village of La Bajada is still functioning. !e concluding article of this series outlines challenges the village endured. !e U.S. Census of 1920 shows the Montoya family as the most numerous of families in the village. By the 1940s they were joined by the Gallegos, Sánchez, Ortiz, Gonzales, Dimas, Baca, Armijo, Lucero, Valdez, Martínez, Lueses and Benavides families, among others. With the arrival of the U.S. highway system and the ultimate bypassing of the village in 1932, La Bajada village struggled to subsist and deal with the massive changes that came in waves over the next eight decades. Once again, the greatest impacts were those instigated by the government of the United States, city and county governments and the droughts that occurred almost every decade since the 1920s.

!roughout the decades since the Great Depression, the village went from losing most of its Land Grant with all of the pasture and common lands needed to continue an agricultural and ranching existence—to devastation from recurring droughts, and struggling to reclaim water rights, which were dimished from time to time. e village lost most of its Land Grant with all of the pasture and common lands needed to continue agriculture and ranching. Surviving the Depression, 1929-1941 “Black !ursday” or the Stock Market crash of 1929 sent shockwaves throughout the United States, especially in the larger cities. Unfortunately, President Hoover downplayed the crisis and blamed it on the Mexicans who arrived in the U.S., escaping the Mexican Revolution. By the “Roaring Twenties” many of those immigrants became U.S. citizens and an important part of the national workforce. President Hoover, with advice from his sta-, inaugurated a mass deportation of U.S. citizens of Mexican origin. Between 1929 and 1936, an estimated 500,000 to 2 million, of whom 60 percent were citizens, were deported.

Residents of the village of La Bajada who were employed in the wage economy, along with their relatives and friends, initially took the news in stride. But the administration in New Mexico was unprepared after a year of inaction. In early 1931, Arthur Seligman, governor of New Mexico, began the state’s 2rst unemployment initiative by using a combined $5 million in federal aid, building and highway funds. !e new alignment for US 66/85, built three miles south of La Bajada village, was completed by the summer of 1932. !is bypass put an end to the Walden service station and camp but provided employment for some village families. !eir road would no longer be graded and maintained by the state.

A decade earlier, the U.S. Congress passed the General Land Exchange Act of 1922, which authorized the Secretary of the Interior to obtain title to privately owned land within National Forest boundaries, (Gerald W. Williams. e UDSA Forest Service: e First Century , USDA, 2000) including the Spanish and Pueblo Land Grants. #e Majada Land Grant was reduced to 22,000 acres in 1930. What was left of that grant, along with the Caja del Río Grant, would be sold to the Forest Service. It was now three decades after the droughts of 1891-92, when the Forest Service made changes in the vegetation, replacing more palatable forbs and grasses with woody shrubs and trees not native to the area. #ey were unable to survive in the New Mexico environment.

After Franklin Roosevelt was elected president in 1932, he initiated legislation to address problems that arose after two years of inaction by the former administration. In New Mexico, according to Suzanne Forrest in her book !e Preservation of the Village: New Mexico’s Hispanics and the New Deal (Albuquerque, UNM Press, 1989, p.79), by 1932 estimates of 7,000-10,000 former Land Grant villagers from the middle and upper Río Santa Fe National Forest Map, 1924. Courtesy New Mexico State Records CONTINUED ON PAGE 9 and Archives Center www.GreenFireTimes.com Green Fire Times • June 2017 7 HISTORY OF LA BAJADA CONTINUED FROM PAGE 7

Grande Valley working in the beet and potato !elds, sheep camps, mines and smelters in the San Luís Valley of Colorado (also in Wyoming and Montana) were laid o#. In La Bajada, many resident heads of family had secured similar jobs near their village, while others went north for work. $ose who remained struggled to make a living in the village in a time of drought while !ghting for their water rights.

In 1933, the Federal Emergency Relief Administration of Public Works Act (FERA) was passed. It appropriated $3.3 billion nationwide to provide employment and stabilize purchasing power to help revive the economy. By the time funding arrived in New Mexico, it averted an emergency brought on by dwindling village food reserves due to drought and consumption. $e villagers were able to ride out the year and hope the drought would end. FERA programs—using healthcare materials distributed by the New Mexico Department of Public Health based on middle-class Anglo American standards—also tried to teach young poverty-stricken Spanish-American girls post-natal care for their childbearing mothers. Charles H. Lange collection MSS 873 BC Montoya house, 1957. Courtesy Center for Southwest Research (UNM Libraries) At this time, Valentín Montoya was living in the village with his wife, Amalia, and a daughter. $ey were receiving relief funds because Valentín could no longer graze his sheep on La Bajada or La Majada mesas due to the drought. Later, in 1933, the Roosevelt administration pushed through the Civilian Conservation Corps, (the o+cial title was Emergency Conservation Work), another program under the act that provided funding to o#set unemployment for men between 18 and 25 years old. $ey were sent to camps in New Mexico for forest thinning, soil conservation and provided grazing services through the Bureau of Reclamation. $e majority were young Spanish-American villagers who were paid $30 per month. $ey sent $25 per month home to their families to help get them o# relief. (Forrest, pp. 112-116) With the arrival of the U.S. highway system bypassing the village in 1932, La Bajada struggled to subsist. Another New Deal program, the Hispanic Land Reform Program, began under the Resettlement Administration after the Tewa Basin Study of 1935 had outlined the realities of problems facing northern New Mexico villagers ( Forrest, p. 143-144 ). $e program was set up to purchase lands (including Land Grants)—some still in the hands of villagers or lands that had been taken from them by the Court of Private Land Claims between 1891 and 1904—then o#er temporary grazing permits, speci!cally to those families. $e families were also o#ered loans. However, due to underestimation by o+cials regarding cash pro!ts versus costs of transportation to markets and expenditures, it was impossible

Charles H. Lange collection MSS 873 BC for ranchers to pay back the loans ( Forrest, p.145 ). $e Caja del Río and La Majada Land San Miguel Church, 1957. Courtesy Center for Southwest Research (UNM Libraries) Grants were among several designated for this program in 1937, and range surveys, maps and a range management plan were completed by 1939 by the Soil Conservation Service. La Majada Land Company was formed by a group from Colorado that leased much of the Land Grant for its own pro!t. In 1953, management for the area was passed to the Forest Service and eventually renamed the Caja del Río Unit.

$ese well-meaning attempts by New Deal programs to solve Depression-era problems in New Mexico did not !t in well with most rural Spanish-Americans. Residents of La Bajada lost their grazing lands, used for centuries prior to the arrival of the United States of North America, and now had to apply for a permit and pay to use them. $ey were proud, self-sustaining extended families that only needed a short-term !nancial boost and the return of the snowpacks and monsoons to ride out the Depression years. Some bene!ted more that others, but many became dependent on relief, causing them to move into dilapidated city neighborhoods with low rents. Many became landless workers who provided unskilled labor in the cities.

Enduring World War II, 1942-47 $ere are estimates that claim New Mexico had the highest per-capita enlistment rate of any state in the Union during World War II. Many young, rural Spanish-American men signed up because they were unable to !nd steady work. La Bajada village no longer had a major highway passing through it, which had provided seasonal work, tourism, roadside sales of produce and fruit and road services. However, the Soil Conservation Service did assist the village with funding for a concrete/basalt headgate, 6umes and sluices for the © Hilario E. Romero San Miguel Church, 2016 acequia, which dates to the early Spanish colonial period. In La Bajada, many young men decided to join the armed forces. $at left the older men to try to continue to make a CONTINUED ON PAGE 22

8 Green Fire Times • June 2017 www.GreenFireTimes.com OP!ED: ALEJANDRO LÓPEZ THE PATH, THE ROAD AND THE SUPERHIGHWAY Where are we going?

t the start of the movie Excalibur, when rival groups of roving Amedieval knights go in search of the Holy Grail, the prevailing culture’s worldview has given rise to dark, heavy armor and apparel, which make the humans clunky and repulsive. As the people of that era merge with their own creations, their society reshapes the people’s consciousness in endless circles of cause and e"ect.

#en, a sudden revolution in consciousness occurs, and the armor and garments become elegant and resplendent. This revolution has a comparable e"ect on the bearing and comportment of the people and, in turn, on their aspirations and the development of their society. To what degree we are willing to sacri!ce

our open lands, Endless traffic along Riverside Drive, Española, New Mexico communications, their economic activity, our few remaining and especially their spiritual life.

pristine vistas and Traversing long distances by foot was not unrelated to the sun’s journey across the sky community spaces to or the e"ort that other living beings made the automobile? to ful&ll their purpose. From México came the pochteca or itinerant merchants, who Something akin has been taking place carried hundreds of pounds of goods such in human society with regard to the as pottery, feathers, chocolate or obsidian, ubiquitous mode of transportation with placed within woven nets strapped to the which we negotiate the world. #e vehicles head. In the Pueblo world, there were in which we encapsulate ourselves, which runners who carried news from village to now incorporate computer and cellphone village or those who helped the sun rise technologies, shape the world in which we during ceremonies. live, as well as shaping our own beings in © Alejandro López (2) profound ways. To walk or run was to know the land in its Wood haulers’ pickup truck coursing through northern New Mexico most intimate detail and to appreciate its It was not all that long ago when gifts—resins, clays, herbs, seeds, nuts, fruits, humans made use of completely di"erent stones, wood, water, weather, animals, etc. technologies for transporting our goods and Only with this level of intimacy among several thousand years ago. When the horse was captured by nomadic tribes in ourselves. We created unique societies that people, the land and sky could survival Greeks &rst saw the mounted #racians, northern México and what is now the possessed a particular consciousness and set be certain for the original inhabitants of ancient inhabitants of Central Asia and western half of the United States. #e horse of values that re$ected an understanding of this continent, where no beasts of burden the Caucus, on horseback, they became thoroughly revolutionized the lives of the ourselves, our relationship to each other and existed to pull carts along manmade roads alarmed, much as Native Americans would Plains tribes from Montana to Texas— our experience of space, time and the Earth. as in Europe. Walking and running also be three or four thousand years later at the especially the Crow, Sioux, Apache and made the people &t and trim and able sight of mounted Spanish horsemen. In Comanche. #e horse enabled them to pull What we know about the network of paths to withstand the rigors of climate and both cases it was believed that the horse travois with people’s worldly possessions. radiating outward from Chaco Canyon, topography. #e people and the land were and rider were a single creature. Only from the running traditions of modern one in every way. Emergence and migration because of this animal were the early #e Spanish Mexicans of this area, together day Pueblo people, as well as from the stories of the &rst peoples of this continent Spanish explorers and conquerors able to with the Pueblo people, did use horses, unassimilated tribes of northern and make this quite clear. cover such enormous distances across what but over the long run of centuries, they central México such as the Tarahumara seemed to be an endless continent. lived out a di'cult-to-achieve interethnic and Huichol, all point to the fact that #e horse, although native to the Americas, co-existence, and made more extensive use running, walking, pilgrimaging and even had migrated to other parts of the world, Among the native peoples of México, only of the humble burro. #is beast of burden, dancing were (and for some, continue to including Asia and Central Asia, before the Tlaxcalan allies of the Spanish were of which many images still exist in the be) integral to the lives of people, their becoming extinct on this hemisphere allowed to mount on horseback, until the CONTINUED ON PAGE 11 www.GreenFireTimes.com Green Fire Times • June 2017 9 CAPITOL FORD LINCOLN CAPITOL FORD LINCOLN CAPITOL FORD LINCOLN CAPITOL FORD LINCOLN CAPITOL FORD LINCOLN CAPITOL FORD LINCOLN CAPITOL FORD LINCOLN CAPITOL FORD LINCOLN

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10 Green Fire Times • June 2017 www.GreenFireTimes.com THE P ATH , THE ROAD AND THE SUPERHIGHWAY CONTINUED FROM PAGE 9

Spanish and Indian languages of New way into Santa Fe after tackling Tesuque Mexico, evolved in the Middle East, North Hill on roads that could best be described Africa and Spain. It was subsequently as rutted paths. After a day of conducting brought to México and Nuevo México, business and a night spent camping along where it became an indispensable feature of the Santa Fe River, they would make their the community and landscape. On burros’ way down the same treacherous hill. Once backs, woodcutters hauled #rewood from again, they would seek lodging at the home the mountains, and farmers transported of their Tesuque Pueblo compadres . produce to villages whose climates were better suited to raising sheep, goats and 'eir chance to reciprocate always took tough grains and legumes. People also rode place from Aug. 8-12, around the Feast burros. In their comings and goings they of San Lorenzo at Picurís Pueblo. On became pacemakers in a world that moved those days, the Pino family would make very slowly, a world where phenomena its annual sojourn to and from Picurís and events took on deep resonance and via Las Truchas. Upon their arrival at my grandparents’ home, my grandfather, Don

meaning. We can hardly imagine that © Seth Roffman in today’s world of constantly ringing Desiderio López, would welcome the family, The highway south of Santa Fe cellphones and roaring tra$c. unhitch their team of horses, lead them to food and water and beckon the Pinos to By the early 20th century, before the advent the family table, where my grandmother, Fords that made their way up La Bajada ways a huge asset to the reconfigured of the motorcar, horses had become more Doña Martina, served up a big meal. 'ey were awestruck by those mechanical beasts economy of New Mexico. 'e automobile common in northern New Mexico. 'e would spend the night telling stories into and quick to ascribe to them the workings has made it possible to commute to work majority Mexicano population regularly the wee hours, and then on the next day of the devil. They were not totally off, at Los Alamos National Laboratories, tended to move around on horse-drawn proceed to Picurís. Following the feast day given the heartache automobiles have government offices in Santa Fe and wagons and buggies. The Pueblo and on the 10th, the Pino family would return caused in the way of fatal accidents, DWIs elsewhere. It has made possible the hauling Navajo peoples also made use of these to my grandparents’ home and once again and eternal #nancial bondage to lending of resources still important to people’s lives, technologies, which greatly enhanced spend the night. institutions, mechanics and the petroleum such as timber, wood, stone, clay, hay and their mobility and carrying capacity, not industry. Not to mention the disruption farm animals. It has opened up other vistas to mention widening their social circles. Those age-old arrangements of a of communities and despoilment of land and lands and made possible long trips to cooperative inter-ethnic society, together by highways, billboards and urban sprawl. see family and friends living in other states. Illustrating this was the story my father with the unspoiled landscape of northern Most signi#cantly, perhaps, large trucks told of his parents’ annual trip by horse- New Mexico, went out the window with the Currently everything hinges on the car, now bring in imported food and goods, drawn wagon from their village of Las arrival of the motorcar. Exempt from the whereas relatively recently, everything without which the inhabitants now cannot Truchas, high in the Sangre de Cristo Industrial Revolution that had overtaken in northern New Mexico hinged on the live, despite that before the 20th century, Mountains, to Santa Fe. Only when the Europe and the rest of the United States, acequia system, agriculture and economic they never had need of these things. likelihood of snow had disappeared, would New Mexico still did everything by hand self-su$ciency. In Española, on a stretch they risk this arduous trip, which took two until the dawn of the 20th century. 'e of a little over two miles, no fewer than 12 To me, the question to ponder at this days one way and included a layover at the automobile was pretty much the first national fast-food restaurant chains vie for historic juncture of possible worldwide home of a certain Pino family in Tesuque machine that anyone in these parts had the more than 7,000 motorists that daily ecological collapse is not whether the Pueblo. 'ere they would be welcomed, ever seen. In fact, “ máquina, ” the Spanish traverse that road. In turn, the easements automobile is good or bad but rather to what their animals unhitched, watered and fed name for machine, is to this very day, the along the roads and highways of Española, degree we are willing to sacri#ce our open by their kind hosts, and they were o(ered Tiwa name for automobile. with a carpet of cups, drinking straws, lands, our few remaining pristine vistas unconditional lodging and hospitality. napkins, wrappers and containers, re4ect and community spaces to the automobile. 'e #rst Nuevo Mexicanos who witnessed a way of life on the run, in which we live Having observed the evolution of northern Early the next day they would make their the sputtering and convulsive Model-T inside our cars and have lost sight of the New Mexico across a lifetime beginning in land we once farmed and loved. the 1950s, I can vouch, without a doubt, that much of it is quickly morphing into In this and other northern New Mexico a kind of vapid southern California, with communities, parking lots abound, but ever-increasing congestion, omnipresent there is nary a park or open #eld. Until white noise, frenetic living and hazy vistas. recently, the road from Santa Fe was a spiritual adventure with magni#cent views Perhaps some day soon we can make a where one could stop and ponder if so signi#cant breakthrough in consciousness moved. With the road’s reconstruction that will provide us with a totally di(erent into a superhighway with frontage roads way of transporting ourselves and our on either side, the same journey has goods, one more in keeping with ecological become a more subdued passage through principles and a human scale. When that a manmade landscape. happens, perhaps we will look back on the automobile age as those people in What I #nd to be most problematic is the Excalibur were able to look back on a danger we expose ourselves to every time previous age in which people moved about we travel at such immense speeds. With a in the twilight of human possibility. I will single slip-up by any one person, any of us welcome such a time. ■ could face annihilation at any time.

© Alejandro López Alejandro López is a native northern New Korean family enjoying corn on the cob in late model car. Spanish Market, Santa Fe Of course, the automobile is in many Mexico writer, photographer and educator.

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12 Green Fire Times • June 2017 www.GreenFireTimes.com LISA LAW AND RAY BELCHER VINTAGE NEW MEXICO intage photos spanning 50 years, Lisa Law has photographed the shifting tides Ray Belcher came from California to The exhibition runs through July 21, 2017. by two of New Mexico’s longtime of American culture. Her photography often Santa Fe in the mid-1970s, having earned Edition One Gallery is at 1036 Canyon Vresidents and photographic re$ects a sense of intimacy and spontaneity. a National Endowment for the Arts grant, Road in Santa Fe. For more information, chroniclers, Lisa Law and Ray Belcher, Law is known for chronicling the era of which he used to travel and photograph. call 505.570.5385, email info@editionone. are on exhibit this summer at Edition One hippie migration from the West and East Belcher is one of the few photographers gallery, or visit www.editionone.gallery Gallery. Both photographers offer insight coasts to New Mexico, along with their who still utilize the black-and-white silver- into lands and residents of New Mexico. intersections with elders from Taos Pueblo and gelatin printing process. His work focuses The exhibition features a selection of one- the communities of Truchas, El Rito, Abiquú primarily on the skies and landscapes of of-a-kind prints. and Santa Fe. Galisteo and Santa Fe. Ray Belcher

Wall, Window, Pond Flame, Two Flutes © 1983 Two Clouds, Galisteo © 1983 Lisa Law

Curandera-midwife La Fernanda Pacheco, her sister Tiofila and husband Pilar and Solar on Law farm, Truchas, New Mexico, © 1973 Jacobo Martínez, Peñasco, NM. ©1971

Juan Padilla plowing Llano Quemado field, Truchas, NM © 1972 Jook Savage Ranch, Abiquiú, NM © 1969 www.GreenFireTimes.com Green Fire Times • June 2017 13 Grow within an inspiring environment. Grow within.

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14 Green Fire Times • June 2017 www.GreenFireTimes.com EMBRACING THE FUTURE TO PRESERVE THE PAST How Northern NM College’s El Rito Campus is going solar

MOHAMMAD ALI MUSAWI

f you regularly make the journey north Within the 1rst couple of weeks on the job, on NM 554, next winter part of the Bailey met Luís Reyes, Kit Carson’s CEO, at Ilandscape you are used to seeing will one of his co-op outreach sessions. “I made it begin to change. Upon entering El Rito, clear that the college was very interested in instead of scattered chamisa and sage, you anything we could do to partner with KCEC will be greeted by about 4,000 shimmering on renewable energy,” said Bailey. Recognizing blue and silver solar panels that could well be that such a project would dramatically decrease mistaken for a body of water from a distance. electricity costs in the long-term; not only for the campus, but the whole town of El Rito and $e solar array, which will sit on seven acres the wider KCEC service area, Bailey pitched on the Northern New Mexico College El Rito campus as a possible solar array site. (NNMC) campus in El Rito, is part of an ambitious six-year plan by Kit Carson Bailey took the idea to El Rito community Electric Cooperative, Inc. (KCEC) and during a public forum held at the campus Guzman Renewable Energy Partners in February 2017, where he asked 75 of (GREP), to provide KCEC customers with the college’s neighbors for permission to

100 percent solar energy on sunny days. proceed with the array. “$e support was © Seth Roffman $e plan entails building 35 one-megawatt unanimous,” Bailey said. “$e community Solar panels in northern New Mexico solar arrays throughout KCEC’s coverage was excited that the college was taking area. Seven arrays, including in El Rito, are serious steps to embracing renewable scheduled to be built in 2017. energy because they know that it’s a 1rst step to revitalizing the campus.” An opportunity for Several meetings among the college, KCEC collaboration on and Guzman Renewable Energy Partners were then held, and on May 6, 2017, training, internships KCEC o3cially announced the campus as one of its solar array sites. “I think that all and potential job schools, including universities and colleges, opportunities should have most of their energy come from renewable energy,” said KCEC Chief NNMC’s El Rito campus has been under- Executive O3cer Luís Reyes. “I believe that utilized for several years due to a variety placing an array on El Rito campus may of factors, including high utility costs. be one of several solutions to revitalize the Utilities were not getting any cheaper, and campus and give more rural New Mexicans the college, with consecutive state funding opportunities for higher education.” cuts, was not getting any richer. However, as the adage goes, with darkness comes $e energy company hopes to have the light, and an opportunity presented itself array operational by early fall 2017. in the form of sunlight. The El Rito campus of Northern New Mexico College Bailey also envisions the solar array as an “When I took the job as president of opportunity for educational collaboration Northern New Mexico College in October between NNMC and KCEC. “$e partnership 2016, one of the most important issues I could result in NNMC’s engineering students heard from our community was that we had receiving hands-on training from one of the to 1nd a way to bring life back to our El Rito most cutting-edge energy companies in New campus,” said Dr. Richard J. Bailey. “Many Mexico,” he said. Reyes agrees. “KCEC sees people told me that the biggest obstacle the opportunity for collaboration on training, to progress was the cost of utilities, so we internships and potential job opportunities in had to explore ways to lower our energy solar and battery careers,” he said. footprint by embracing opportunities in renewable energy,” said Bailey, a retired Air For NNMC’s President Bailey, seeing Force o3cer who lives in El Rito. gleaming solar panels on his daily commute will be a welcome sight. ■ John Ussery, a renewable-energy advocate and friend of Bailey’s, told him about KCEC’s Mohammad Ali Musawi is a New Mexico- solar plans and encouraged him to meet with based journalist and sta! writer/reporter at the company that powers El Rito campus. Northern New Mexico College. www.GreenFireTimes.com Green Fire Times • June 2017 15 1409 Agua Fria • Santa Fe (505) 983-4831

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Local performers took the stage at Northern New Mexico College’s Nick Salazar Center for the Arts "eater recently to kick o# the school’s $rst annual Renewable Energy Festival.

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© Seth Roffman hoop dancers. © Seth Roffman © Courtesy NNMC © Courtesy NNMC © Seth Roffman © Seth Roffman © Courtesy NNMC

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18 Green Fire Times • June 2017 www.GreenFireTimes.com ESPAÑOLA COMMUNITY MARKET A Food Co-op Serving the Española Valley

ANDY SALAZAR

hen the Española Community equipment and plant maintenance, advertising Market (ECM) Cooperative and volunteer coordination. Wopened its doors on the city’s main street almost five years ago, its The store prospers today only because founders’ intent was clear. #ey wanted of the tireless work of loyal volunteers to start a cooperatively run business who are the friendly faces of the ECM that could provide the valley’s residents and who relate to the clientele as store with organic and locally grown foods. owners because they are ECM members They believed in the typical values themselves and are usually “foodies” or associated with a co-op: autonomy, self- at least care about nutrition, naturalness responsibility, democracy, community, and freshness. As a token of appreciation, equity and community solidarity. The the store o%ers its volunteers a discount co-op’s mission was embodied in its on purchases, depending on the number by-laws: “ECM is organized to provide of hours worked. Regular members get a high-quality, natural and organic products shopping trip discount once a month after at the lowest prices possible, as well as they sign up for a year’s membership. education [about the products it o%ers] and information about cooperatives, for the social and economic bene&t of the community at large and the membership.”

At the beginning, membership drives and fundraising were successful, with 67 families becoming lifetime members with contributions of up to $300. In addition, over 100 families became regular members. Startup funds were raised from a few foundation donors as well. More than 60 local farmers and food producers have become the co-op’s reliable sources for fresh fruits and vegetables, dairy products and eggs. In 2016 ECM paid over $25,000 for those products to be delivered so they could be sold in the store. Some of the principal local suppliers include Camino de Paz School & Farm (goat meat and dairy products); RZ Bees (honey); Taos Roasters (coffee beans); KJ Farms (eggs), La Cosecha de Norte (vegetables), and Tortilleria Temosachi (handmade tamales, #e store accepts personal checks and credit wheat and corn tortillas). or EBT cards as payment for purchases. A special grant from a healthcare provider has La Montañita Co-op has been especially allowed the store to participate, for a limited supportive of ECM, contributing retailing and time, in SNAP-UP (the Supplemental marketing advice, store displays and funds for Nutrition Assistance Program), whereby, inventory. La Montañita’s wholesaling arm— be procured in Santa Fe or Albuquerque, through the CDC arm of La Montañita. after a regular purchase, an EBT cardholder Cooperative Distribution Center (CDC) —has although possibly at higher prices. ECM’s can receive a coupon of equal value for an also become ECM’s main supplier for shelf store has continued to feature a%ordable The Española Community Market additional purchase that can be paid out of items that complement the co-op’s featured prices for all of the grocery items it stocks, Cooperative store, located at 312 Paseo the grant. #e current funding level from products: locally sourced fruits and vegetables. often several percentage points below those de Oñate near the old El Río #eater on the grant will allow ECM to continue this Among the products sourced from CDC and found in natural food stores in bigger cities. Española’s main street, is open for business bene&t for a few more months. other wholesalers are those that are canned, #is is only possible because the store has 16 hours per week: 3-7 pm on Mondays and packaged or frozen and are organic or gluten- tried to maintain a low overhead and uses Wednesdays, and 10 am to 4 pm on Saturdays. #e store is celebrating its &fth anniversary free or certi&ed to be free from pesticides or volunteer labor. #e store has experienced Staffed with volunteers, the store has no this month and has invited everyone to preservatives. #e store carries meat products growth over the past &ve years and has been full-time employees and is cooperatively attend an ECM membership meeting. For from regional ranchers or poultry farmers that able to manage its operation without loans managed by a board of directors consisting of more information, call 505.747.3006 or visit certify their livestock and poultry to be free from or grants from government agencies. All up to nine unpaid members who contribute www.espanolacommunitymarket.com ■ hormones on and antibiotics. pro&ts are plowed back into the operation their time and energy toward managing to upgrading refrigeration units or enlarge and supporting the store’s operation. Other Andy Salazar, a native of northern New Many such products are not found in grocery inventory by adding a greater variety of members contribute time and services in Mexico, has been president of the Española stores in the Española Valley, but some can wholesome foods sourced locally or procured performing tasks such as bookkeeping, Community Market board since January 2016. www.GreenFireTimes.com Green Fire Times • June 2017 19 zŽƵƌĚĞƐƟŶĂƟŽŶŝƐĞĂƐŝĞƌƚŚĂŶLJŽƵƚŚŝŶŬ SANTA FE

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20 Green Fire Times • June 2017 www.GreenFireTimes.com Memories made here what a night!

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living without the strong backs of the younger generation. However, the young men did not forget their families and sent large portions of their pay home. Valentín Montoya, the sheepherder, was now 81 years old and lived with his wife, Amalia, and their 29-year-old daughter, Josie. During that decade, the village’s population dwindled to a few determined families who subsisted on a few stock and cash crops. Some of the young men returned in 1945-46 and settled at the village once again. Others never made it home and were buried in the National Cemetery in Santa Fe.

Abandonment —1950s Drought La Bajada always dealt with being at the end of the line for its share of the Santa Fe River watershed water. During wet years residents were able to irrigate their *elds throughout the summers and take home good yields. However, in 1952, a severe drought hit the Southwest and parts of the Midwest. It exceeded the drought of the 1930s, and in some areas of New Mexico it lasted eight years. At La Bajada, it lasted until 1957. 1e village remained vacant, except for periodic visits by some families who maintained their houses. (R.L. Nace & E.J. Pluhhowski Drought of the 1950s with Special Reference to the Midcontinent Geological Survey Water Supply Paper #1804, U.S. printing o)ce, Washington: 1965, pp. 51- 78 ). In 1957, Charles Lange documented the area with photographs while doing research

© Hilario E. Romero for his book on the history of Cochiti Pueblo. L–R: Eluterio Montoya and his wife, Buenaventura Gonzales. Behind them are Filemon Lucero and Darrin Muenzberg. 1975. Revival of the Village, 1960-1980 By the early 1960s, several families had returned to the village and continued to renovate and plaster their houses, clean and repair the acequia, the water system from the spring, and till their *elds. Slowly but surely, those families were able to breathe new life into La Bajada, and additional families, who were descendants of Spanish colonial families, began to return. In 1964, the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation condemned 135 acres of the village to make way for Cochiti Dam, despite protests and a lawsuit by Cochiti Pueblo against the Army Corps of Engineers. Construction began in 1965, and the impoundment of water was initiated in 1973.

In the early 1970s, San Miguel Church, with its original base, walls and collapsed roof, was saved from ruin by Florinda Lucero Barreras, daughter of Cipriano and Guadalupe Lucero. She and her husband, Enrique Barreras, devoted their time, resources and artwork from her studio/gallery at the village. Barreras brought the village back to life and revived La Fiesta de San Miguel as “Country Day,” an annual fundraiser for the San Miguel church. Her *nal rosary was recited there, with the funeral mass at Guadalupe Church and burial at Guadalupe Cemetery in Peña Blanca on May 9, 1999.

In 1915 there was a mine just over one mile upriver from La Bajada Village in the Santa Fe River canyon where copper and silver were extracted for a short time. Uranium was mined at that site in 1956 and again from 1962 to 1966, when the Bureau of Land Management leased the mine to Lone Star Mining and Development. La Bajada residents were concerned about contamination. 1e company promised jobs. By 1979, the BLM suspended action on renewal of Lone Star’s lease of the abandoned mine due to the potential environmental impact. In 1985, © Hilario E. Romero due to contamination concerns, some reclamation work on the mine was done. In 1995, Tim La Bajada field being irrigated and pastured. 2016. Whitworth, with the New Mexico Bureau of Mines and Mineral Resources, studied the area, wrote and reported that if Santa Fe River 8oodwaters were to 8ush large amounts of mine waste into Cochiti Lake, water quality would be degraded, and recreational uses such as swimming and *shing could be adversely impacted. He concluded, however, that it was unlikely that acid mine drainage would signi*cantly impact the lake because of the slightly alkaline Santa Fe River water.

In 2007, the Department of Natural Sciences at New Mexico Highlands University did a biota study on the site after the New Mexico Environment Department concluded that the lower portion below the village of La Bajada met EPA water quality standards for radionuclides. Biota had not been included in the EPA’s study. NMHU graduate students, advised by professors, collected samples of contaminants and macroinverterbrates. It is surprising that, with La Bajada being the closest residential area, the village was not mentioned in either study.

In 1971, Miguel Leyva, Valentín Montoya and Ignacio Romero, commissioners of La Bajada Community Acequia, *led a declaration with the New Mexico State Engineer’s o9ce re8ecting an 1827 priority date. ( Arnold Valdez, “La Bajada Community Ditch and Water System” Chronicles of the Trail, Summer/Fall 2011, p. 20) 1e acequia actually dated to Spanish colonial times. By 1975, the District Court for Santa Fe County issued an order to the State Engineer to conduct a hydrographic survey for claims on the use of water from the Santa Fe Stream System . (Hydrographic Survey of 1976, NM State Engineer’s O)ce)

© Hilario E. Romero From the 1960s to the present, the village’s primary crop has been alfalfa, for feeding livestock The former Walden tourist camp is now a Cochiti Pueblo residence. and for sales. Water was plentiful and available in the 1960s and 1970s, thanks to snowmelt and

22 Green Fire Times • June 2017 www.GreenFireTimes.com the monsoons through most of the summers. Corn, beans, squash and chile had always been the preferred crops for centuries, but during this period the villagers also produced tomatoes, carrots, spring onions and asparagus. Peaches, plums, cherries and apricots were planted to HISTORIAN HILARIO E. ROMERO replace the orchards that were lost in the droughts of the 1930s and 1950s. ( Valdez, p. 20) Author of La Bajada Village History Series In May of 1974, with the decline of the steam-powered locomotives (beginning in the Hilario E. Romero is a New Mexican mestizo (Spanish/ 1950s), Atchitson Topeka Santa Fe Railroad o*cials drafted a termination agreement Basque/Jicarilla Apache/Ute). He is a former New Mexico with the Village of La Bajada and returned all water rights used by the railroad, along state historian and archivist. From 1973 to 2015, he was a with the pipeline and water tanks to La Bajada Community Ditch, Inc. ( Valdez, p.26) professor of history, Spanish and education at Northern New Mexico College, and he directed NNMC’s New Mexico Struggle to Remain a Village, 1980-2016 Educational Opportunity Center from 1983 to 2013. +roughout much of the 1980s, snow levels were above average, there were regular summer monsoons, and the village prospered. Tourists began arriving to hike the switchbacks. Prior to and during his tenure at NNMC, Romero also taught at the University of Interest in the area seemed to be mostly focused on a tiny segment of history, from 1922 Colorado-Denver, University of Wisconsin–Madison, University of New Mexico to 1932, when the switchbacks and Route 66 ran through La Bajada to Santa Fe and and New Mexico Highlands University. His Ph.D. studies as a National Bilingual the climb to La Bajada mesa, Cieneguilla and Santa Fe. +e village once again attracted Fellow were at the University of Wisconsin–Madison in Educational Policy and families connected to La Bajada from Peña Blanca and La Ciénega. Multilingual/Cultural Curriculum & Instruction, and in International Education. Romero became an activist during the Civil Rights movement. Soon thereafter, be In 2004, La Bajada village was identi4ed as a “High-Potential Historic Site” by the was involved in the Chicano and the American Indian movements. National Park Service and the BLM State O*ce in the Final Impact Statement for El Camino Real Historic Trail Comprehensive Management Plan. In 2005, National Old Trails He is also an accomplished musician and performed as part of the norteño group, Road Historic District at La Bajada and Route 66 were listed on the National Register of Los Folkloristas de Nuevo Mejico, with Cipriano Vigil (1983–2013) . Historic Places. +e district includes six miles of roadway, associated structures, the 1926 timber bridge across the Río Santa Fe and the Walden Tourist Camp. On May 17, 2017, at an awards ceremony at the San Miguel Mission, Romero received the Community Service Award from the Old Santa Fe Association, founded in 1926 to +e village’s leaders have engaged in diplomacy with their neighbors, Cochiti Pueblo to promote preservation of Santa Fe’s history and historic buildings and homes. the north and west, Kiwa Pueblo (Santo Domingo) to the south, BLM and USDA Forest Service to the northeast. From the time of the approval of La Majada Land Grant in 1908 at 54,404 acres, to today’s acreage of 70 acres, it’s a wonder that La Bajada Village survives. +e future of the village will depend upon the 9ow of water in the Santa Fe River and the relationships of those that live alongside. THURSDAY, JUNE 8, 2017 5:30 – 7:30 PM As eloquently written in a letter to the Santa Fe River Traditional Communities Collaborative SANTA FE AIRPORT – JET CENTER HANGAR (SFRTCC) meeting in October 2015, Darrin Muenzberg Tinjero de Barreras y Lucero, OLD HOLLYWOOD GLAMOUR ATTIRE ~ TICKETS $40 VISIT SANTFECHAMBER.COM great-grandson of Florinda Lucero Barreras, eighth-generation resident of La Bajada Village, commissioner/parciente of the community acequia and chairman of La Bajada Traditional Village Committee said, “We need cooperative and consistent management of the Santa Fe River, as 2017 Red Carpet it runs through the jurisdictions of multiple agencies and communities. 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Why Solar? Energy Autonomy—Solar = A Sustainable Future JOIN ONE WORLD CO-OP TM TM oneworld.coop/power McCune Solar Works One World Co-op www.GreenFireTimes.com Green Fire Times • June 2017 23 THE RÍO CHAMA WATERSHED CONGRESO

ROSEMARY ROMERO

he second Río Chama Watershed citizens have certain rights; that every right Congreso was held in March at has a responsibility, and that no one has the TGhost Ranch in Abiquiú, New right to treat the land badly and with malice. Mexico. The congreso was convened to discuss issues related to watershed Debuys highlighted his talk with governance and to explore opportunities for photography showing changes in lands that broad collaboration to improve conditions have occurred from 1800s to the present. in the watershed. *is gave the participants a perspective on how long it takes to damage landscapes in A congreso is an annual meeting where contrast to how long it takes for landscapes information is shared and everyone is to recover. One set of photos from the Pecos welcome at no cost. For this congreso high country indicated various stages of forest there was a combined bene#t of science cover and clearly showed the impact of #re from agencies and nonpro#ts. Participants and drought above the tree line. Photos from included the New Mexico Department of 1925 showed poor range conditions and Workforce Solutions, acequia parciantes many fewer trees. Debuys asked, “When did (water rights holders), conservation the overgrazing happen? Some say that it was organizations, students and many others. in the late 1800s, because regulations began to be implemented in the early 1900s. *e Bill DeBuys addresses the congreso. Human history is health of the land improved, but then with World War II there was more unrestricted a story of the co- grazing to produce food for the war e2ort, and all stocking limits were lifted.” evolution of tools *e other keynote was by Lucy Moore, and social practices a mediator and facilitator, who read from her recent book, Common Ground to support ever more on Hostile Turf, which focuses on lessons learned from her career. Moore’s insightful forms of cooperation. and compelling stories about resolving Steve Harris, project leader for the Río seemingly intractable con4icts by working Chama Watershed Project, organized together could provide inspiration to the gathering with help from Rosemary anyone caught in such disputes. Romero, who acted as a facilitator for both congresos. A Bureau of Reclamation Water The day was punctuated with several Smart grant was instrumental in making panels coming from di2erent perspectives, the congreso possible. including landowners, conservationists, parciantes, forest planners and agencies Addressing landscape issues so there will with direct responsibility for managing be fewer mudslides, lessening the danger river flows or water quality. All from oil and gas development, and assuring highlighted the need for responsible that there is enough forage for wildlife were stewardship through partnership guided L–R: Davíd Manzanares of the New Mexico Association of Conservation Districts among the congreso’s interrelated goals. by long-range vision. speaks with Abe Franklin of the New Mexico Environment Department. Behind The organizers provided opportunities them is Daniel Manzanares, a rancher. for the participants to gain a better Lucia Sánchez, the Interstate Stream understanding of the resources available to Commission’s state and regional water and management. restoration of watersheds. address ongoing issues and challenges; to planner, highlighted her work as chair network with project planners, practitioners of the Río Chama Regional Water Sánchez said that strategies implemented *e next congreso will be held in Abiquiú and neighbors; to build trust, knowledge, Plan and former Río Arriba County in 2006 to meet future water demand are in 2018. For more information, contact connections and linkages, and to inspire planning manager . Sánchez said that still relevant. She identi#ed other current Sánchez at 505.476.5397 or Lucia. new on-the-ground partnerships. the key areas of focus for the Río Chama issues, including keeping water rights [email protected] ■ Regional Water Plan include drought, within the region, enhancing stream4ow Two keynote addresses were given by acequia infrastructure and promotion of for the growing season, providing reliable Rosemary Romero has co-written Watershed well-known, respected writers. Bill deBuys, local agriculture, watershed restoration, community water supplies, protecting Plans for New Mexico. She is a former city author of A Great Aridness; First Impressions; mutual domestic water and sanitation water quality, the conservation and reuse councilor and planning commissioner for the River of Traps; and Salt Dreams, noted that district infrastructure, data monitoring of water resources, and the protection and City of Santa Fe.

24 Green Fire Times • June 2017 www.GreenFireTimes.com NATIVE MEDICINES FOR NEW MEXICO POLLINATORS

MELANIE MARGARITA K IRBY

ol, agua, tierra. !e combination seal their home with propolis. !ey share of sunlight, water and earth gives their foraged medicines—transforming Sus sustenance by nurturing the them into liquid starlight—honey, among growth of plants. Plants exchange other raw hive products. pollen—their life-giving force—and in doing so, give birth to seeds. !ese !eir cultural traditions are passed down seeds carry on the stories of the plants, from one generation to the next, just from one generation to the next. And like us Nuevo Mexicanos. !eir stories while seeds are the stories, who are have been of adaptation and resilience. the storytellers sharing the pollen? But sadly, these days, pollinators are struggling. Between #uctuating weather, Those who tend to the elements are increased importation of unhealthy considered caretakers of creation. !ey are bee stock, pest and disease issues, and the storytellers sharing the seed stories. But toxic pesticide, herbicide and fungicide before they are able to share these stories applications, pollinators are faced with with their comadres and compadres and daily challenges that can affect their their communities, the seeds themselves ability to endure. If their habitat is had midwives. !e midwives helped birth compromised, then their forage and diet these seeds by transferring pollen from will be insu$cient. And this statement #ower to #ower. can be true for us humanos, too. If our habitat is compromised, and our %elds and Native plant recycler Todd Bates harvests oregano in Embudo, New Mexico. Pollen is also part of the midwives, tradition. waterways contaminated, our delicious Pollinators rely on the exchange of pollen cuisine and communities will be unhealthy. and its life-giving properties to sustain their health. They rely on clean water !ere is a profound interconnectedness Center. Robert Heyduck, Horticulture if bees and butterflies are medicating resources and healthy plants for nectar. between all species on this planet. !ose of research associate for the center, along themselves with nectars and oils. !ey collect resin from trees and shrubs to us who work with the land as caretakers of with Todd Bates of New Mexico Native creation live it daily. We Plant Recyclers in Embudo, and I, Melanie This curious question has inspired the recognize that water is Margarita Kirby of Zia Queenbees Farm & collaborative effort, which encouraged life and that along with Field Institute in Truchas, New Mexico, are Robert Heyduck to enlist and assist it, the sun, the sky, the collaborating to investigate the bene%ts of scientists from various parts of the country, earth, the pollen, seeds, Oregano de la Sierra—a native New Mexico including Dr. Don Hyder, chemistry and the bees—all help medicinal herb that supports pollinator and professor at San Juan College in to carry on our stories. human health and may have potential as Farmington, and Dr. Jay Evans, director Our pollinators need a value-added product for area farmers. of the USDA’s Beltsville, Md., Bee Lab. nurturing, too. Their !eir joint investigation will look at the stories of resilience are Oregano de la Sierra (monarda !stulosa medicinal bene%ts this native plant shares crumbling. They need var. menthafolia) is a high-mountain bee with both the bees and people. caretakers of creation balm that grows between 6,000 and 8,000 who can work with them, feet. Todd Bates has been growing this A free public field day will take place for them, and promote medicinal herb for several years. He has in Alcalde and Embudo on June 16 their local stories. been selecting strains and harvesting their from 9 am to noon, with presentations big, purple #owers and leaves for drying. on the chemistry of medicinal nectars, Farm-led medicinal herb He has noticed that pollinators of all sorts pollinator health and identification of research is currently are very attracted to this plant. He wonders native pollinators. For more information, being conducted visit www.herb4bees.com. ■ through a New Mexico Department of Melanie Margarita Kirb, is a native New Agriculture Specialty Mexican from Tortugas Pueblo, is founder of Crop block grant Zia Queenbees Farm & Field Institute. She awarded to New Mexico has been keeping bees professionally for 20 years. State University’s Her farm specializes in local honeybee breeding, Alcalde Sustainable pollination services and hive medicines. www. Agriculture Science ziaqueenbees.com/zia

Bees at work in

Melanie Margarita Kirby (2) northern New Mexico Oregano honey

www.GreenFireTimes.com Green Fire Times • June 2017 25 OP ED: WAR ON FORESTS A Response to “New Mexicans Need Fire-Adapted Communities” (March 2017 GFT)

e, the members of the forest wood products, by oil, gas, geothermal, conservation organization real estate and other interests salivating WOnce A Forest, are horri!ed that over the vast resources represented by Green Fire Times printed a pro-development, public lands, by government agencies that anti-environmental, non-historical piece of do their bidding and by environmental propaganda by Eytan Krasilovsky as the groups that, in their thirst for funding, cover story for its March 2017 issue. &e idea have forgotten their missions, abandoned that the plants and animals that compose common sense and lost their respect for our forests su'er from a de!ciency of !re nature’s wisdom. is an outrageous lie, propagated by the U.S. Forest Service in the service of commercial “Light-burning,” wrote Aldo Leopold interests that are rapidly destroying our in 1920, “means the deliberate firing of planet. &e idea that there are too many trees forests at frequent intervals in order to in the forest, and that we should remove 90 burn up and prevent the accumulation of percent of them to protect “!re-adapted litter and thus prevent the occurrence of communities,” is a lie that is the single serious conflagrations.” This propaganda, greatest threat to biodiversity and the single Leopold told us, had no basis in reality and biggest contributor to climate change, both was disseminated by timber and mining in the United States and in other countries. interests in order to reap short-term pro!ts &e idea that dense forests are a !re hazard from public lands at the expense of long- prone to disease and insects is the exact term productivity. &e Forest Service was opposite of the truth. created, in part, in order to put an end to this destructive practice, which had resulted in the Trees are not “sticks” or “dog hair” or “fuels,” shrinking of our forests and the replacement as government forest managers are now of vast portions by brush and grass. The calling them. &ey are living beings and they policy of !re suppression criticized by Mr. are half water. Water is not a !re hazard, as Krasilovsky was put in place as a necessary everyone knows who has ever put green, reaction to the devastating !res of 1910 that Months after the 2011 Las Conchas fresh-cut wood in a !replace. But if you were a culmination of decades of slashing and fire near Los Alamos, NM take a cool, dark, moist, calm, !re-resistant burning by an out-of-control timber industry. forest, remove 90 percent of the trees, open up the canopy, let the sun and the wind in, Leopold was instrumental in putting into and clear out all the underbrush, you get a place national policies of good stewardship. hot, dry, windy skeleton of a forest that is a He reminded us of the obvious: Fire, hazard to homes and communities. You get however light, destroys the seedlings a world with fewer trees, fewer birds, fewer needed to replenish the old stand; destroys wild animals and less oxygen in the air. humus in the soil necessary for tree growth; in/icts scars on trees, which increases resin © Seth Roffman (2) Birds searched for insects behind the bark of a Forests are under massive assault, and intensifies future fires, and leaves dead tree. worldwide, by an insatiable hunger for them prone to disease and insects. He reminded us that forests are not just trees, Mexico are slated to be deliberately burned, they are communities, and that every !re, every 10 years, starting now. In Arizona four no matter how light, destroys all eggs and entire National Forests, encompassing two helpless young, and it burns the forest million acres, are slated to be deliberately /oor, destroying the forage that furnishes burned, every 10 years, starting last year. the winter feed for animals. Even fish Nothing will survive. in streams, wrote Leopold, are killed by alkaline ashes washed into the water. It is Forest ecology has nothing to do with the essential, he said, to vigorously enforce a mindless counting of trees. Forty trees that policy of “absolutely preventing forest !res are three feet in diameter contain the same insofar as humanly possible.” amount of carbon as 400 trees one foot in diameter, and as 4,000 trees four inches in Leopold died in 1948. Common sense diameter. &at dense second-growth needs prevailed for 20 more years. But in 1968 to be there. It is the lungs of our planet. It is the National Park Service resumed light- habitat for birds and wildlife. It is beauty and burning under a new name: “prescribed !re.” magic, and it is in dire need of protection. ■ A decade later the Forest Service followed suit. Today, the Forest Service deliberately —Jan Boyer, Arthur Firstenberg, Susan burns whole landscapes at once, on a scale Gunst, Phoebe Hummel, Emmy Koponin Leopold could never have imagined. Six and Cate Moses. For more information visit hundred thousand acres of northern New www.OnceAForest.org

26 Green Fire Times • June 2017 www.GreenFireTimes.com THE FOREST STEWARD GUILD’S RESPONSE New Mexico’s ecosystems have evolved and have been shaped by "re.

EYTAN K RASILOVSKY

he Forest Stewards Guild of these tools. Forests provide exceptionally pine forests were adapted to, they became prides itself on its mission and detailed histories through their tree rings. less healthy. Wildlife biologists and rare Tprinciples 1 which put the needs Researchers have collected thousands of plant experts have documented how the of the forest !rst, and state that the “well- tree ring records that help us understand lack of !re negatively impacted animals being of human society is dependent on Southwestern forests. %e University of and plants. Moreover, the dense forests responsible forest management that places Arizona is a world leader in tree-ring that our suppression of !re has created the highest priority on the maintenance research, or dendrochronology. Their are at high risk of a very di*erent, very and enhancement of the entire forest website 4 provides a great introduction to destructive kind of wild!re. Wild!res like ecosystem.” this fascinating science. Tree rings keep the 2011 Las Conchas !re that killed every an objective record of droughts, climate tree across thousands of acres are absent With this mission and these principles, the changes, insect outbreaks and !res. %ese from the tree-ring records or the early Guild’s Southwest Program implements events are recorded in the tree rings as General Land O4ce surveys that crossed long-standing forest resilience, fire- di*erences in ring width or visible !re New Mexico around 1880. Unfortunately, adapted communities and forest stewards scars. If a !re kills all the trees in an area, unless we return !re to its natural role in youth corps programs. %ese principles tree rings can tell researchers when the new forests, these large, high-severity !res are are the roots of all of our members’ generation started to grow (and hence the predicted to become more common. forest stewardship ethic, which aligns date and size of the severe !re). our organization with land ethic of My March 2017 call for fire-adapted

Aldo Leopold and the Aldo Leopold Tree rings tell us that before large-scale communities and resilient landscapes in © Seth Roffman Foundation. As part of a Guild meeting, European settlement our ponderosa pine these pages was rooted in the sciences of Surveying the aftermath of the 2011 I was able to visit the Aldo Leopold trees survived many !res, which passed !re ecology and dendrochronology and Las Conchas Fire near Los Alamos, NM Foundation and the famous “shack” where through forests as often as every four aligned with Leopold’s land ethic and much of his groundbreaking writing years. With all the lightning the Southwest the Forest Stewards Guild mission and Eytan Krasilovsky is the southwest director of took place. I learned from Leopold’s receives each year this is hardly surprising. principles. ■ the Forest Stewards Guild. grandchildren how they care for the land %ese !res burned quickly through the guided by their grandfather’s land ethic. forest with small 0ames, leaving behind a %eir approach and that of the foundation relatively small number of large trees with is rooted in the famous quote, “Game can grassy meadows in between. 5 %e trees that be restored by the creative use of the same survived had less competition for water, tools which have heretofore destroyed it— nutrients and light, so they were healthier, axe, plow, cow, !re and gun... 2 ” For natural able to withstand drought and insect resource managers today, the land ethic outbreaks. Frequent !res also maintained means that intact, functioning ecosystems good living conditions for many animals, are needed to support varied habitats. In especially ones that prefer open forests the Southwest, the tools to accomplish such as northern goshawks, turkey, elk this are much the same as when Leopold and kestrels.6 served on the Carson National Forest in Tres Piedras: the axe and !re. %e Santa Fe watershed tree-ring records collected by Dr. Ellis Margolis and his In the March 2017 issue of Green Fire team record a fire every four years on Times , I called for !re-adapted communities average. 7 Tree-ring records from the Santa and resilient landscapes and described how Fe watershed also show a !re in 1685 that New Mexico’s ecosystems have evolved burned across a wide area. While this !re and have been shaped by !re, and that scarred many trees and probably killed as a result, we need to learn to live with many small trees, the tree rings show and adapt to the presence of wildfire. medium and larger trees survived, grew %is is aligned with the Aldo Leopold faster and were healthier after the !re. Foundation’s current land care advice for woodland owners. 3 Tree rings also show how successful !re suppression was in the 20 th century. Few %e science of tree rings provides another if any !re scars were recorded during the line of evidence to further support the use last 100 years. Without the !re ponderosa

1 Read more about Guild principles here: www.forestguild.org/mission-principles. 2 Leopold, Aldo. 1933. Game Management. University of Wisconsin Press. 3 Aldo Leopold Foundation Land Care Program. www.aldoleopold.org/teach-learn/classes-workshops/land-care/. 4 University of Arizona Laboratory of Tree Ring Research. http://ltrr.arizona.edu/about/treerings. 5 Friederici, P., ed. (2003). Ecological restoration of southwestern Ponderosa pine forests. Washington, D.C., Island Press. 6 Graham, R. T., McCaffrey, S., and Jain, T. B. (2004). “Science basis for changing forest structure to modify wildlife behavior and severity.” General Technical Report, RMRS-GTR-120. 7 A 700-year history of fire and streamflow: Santa Fe watershed, New Mexico. http://swfireconsortium.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/Margolis_Tree-Rings.pdf www.GreenFireTimes.com Green Fire Times • June 2017 27 Casita Tienda (505) 670-5364 CONSIGNMENT 900 W San Mateo Rd Santa Fe, NM, 87505 www.CasitaTienda.com [email protected]

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28 Green Fire Times • June 2017 www.GreenFireTimes.com FIRES OF CHANGE AND LANDSCAPES OF LIFE AND DEATH Two exhibitions presented by 516 ARTS deepen relationships to life, death and the fragile ecosystems we inhabit.

enerally, the idea of death upstairs gallery, is a group exhibition makes people slightly, if guest curated by Mary Anne Redding. “Gnot wholly, uncomfortable,” This exhibition poses a unique writes curator Mary Anne Redding, opportunity to look at loss, extinction, “especially when it’s the intimate idea of death and renewal, spanning emotional human death… or the mass destruction landscapes of human death as well as of life and landscape after a devastating environmental landscapes of destruction. %re. Yet many artists explore the shape of Contemporary photographic artists loss as a meditation on the landscape of address the nuances of loss and grief for death, whether contemplating their own themselves and the planet. or through a more universal meditation on loss and grief.” /ese exhibitions come to Albuquerque at a critical time to explore these conversations around the future of our environment and, Social and ecological ultimately, our own self-preservation. It is becoming increasingly clear: We need a issues behind the rise of whole sea of change. Exhibitions like these catastrophic wild!res are an opportunity to shape new ways of thinking and inspire action. This month presents an important Horan, courtesy 516 ARTS © Kevin opportunity to look at and deepen /e exhibitions are accompanied by public “Untitled (Burn)” our relationships to life, loss, death programs: and the fragile ecosystems we inhabit. From May 27 to July 22, 516 ARTS Thursday, June 22, 6:30 pm hosts two concurrent exhibitions: Fires TALK: Fire & Water of Change, exploring the social and Join New Mexico scientists for a discussion ecological issues behind the rise of about %re management in the mountains catastrophic wildfires in the western of northern New Mexico and how it is United States through collaboration connected to the Río Grande and drinking between scientists and contemporary water in Albuquerque. Presenters include artists, and Landscapes of Life & Death, Collin Ha2ey and Dr. Ellis Margolis of the examining life, loss, death and the fragile U.S. Geological Survey, Dr. Zander Evans ecosystems we inhabit. Both exhibitions of the Forest Stewards Guild, and Sarah explore our intimate connections to nature Hurteau of /e Nature Conservancy. through contemporary art, begging us to investigate our individual relationship and Thursday, June 29, 9:30-11 am responsibilities to the natural world. FAMILY WORKSHOP: Matchstick Forest Kids and adults are invited to join © Seth Roffman Fires of Change , in the downstairs gallery, Aftermath of the 2011 Las Conchas fire near Los Alamos, NM is a traveling exhibition launched by the ecologist Krista Bonfantine, watershed Flagstaff Arts Council and curated by ecologist with Arid Land Innovation, as Shawn Skabelund. It features sculpture, she demonstrates strategies for managing photography, video, mixed media and local forests for %re. Participants will design installation by 10 artists from Arizona and and test their own matchstick forests and across the country. tour the Fires of Change e xhibition to see how artists have responded to issues In late 2014, as a precursor to the exhibition, of climate change and forest %res in the the artists attended Fire Science Bootcamp Southwest. Space is limited. Register: with a team of nationally regarded %re [email protected] ■ scientists and forest managers. During the weeklong, educationally immersive trip 516 ARTS is an independent, nonprofit through the forests of northern Arizona, contemporary arts organization, operating the artists explored the impact of wild%re a museum-style gallery in the center of in the region. /e resulting works comprise Downtown Albuquerque. All events are this exhibition. free and open to the public. An online

guide to the programs is available at © Jennifer Gunlock, courtesy 516 ARTS Landscapes of Life & Death, in the www.516arts.org “Urban Interface” www.GreenFireTimes.com Green Fire Times • June 2017 29 It can be this easy Green Fire Times is available at to fix computers? many locations in the metropolitan Albuquerque / Río Rancho area! For the location nearest you, call Nick García at 505.203.4613 BEST STORAGE VALUE well, ok . . . slight exaggeration. But at Capitol Computer, We will not be undersold on comparable facility & amenities! we want to make it feel this way for you and your team. Easy Access All Sizes Professional Resident Managers And if we don't fix your problem, you won't pay a penny! RV & Vehicle Computerized SALES • SERVICE • SOLUTIONS • SATISFACTION Storage Gate Entry CALL US FIRST!ST! NO MOVE-IN, • Mac Wide Aisles Security 505-501-82466 • PC / Windows Cameras ADMIN, OR SECURITY • Residential FEES! • Commercial Cerrillos Airport Cerrillos Jacobo Camino • Servers 1385 Camino de Jacobo • airportcerrillos.com Airport Rd. Rodeo Road 518 Old Santa Fe Trail, Ste 6 • Networks Airport Road just off Cerrillos Daily Access 6a-9p • Office 9a-5p Also Airport Bypasss Location: 599 & Airport Santa Fe, NM • Wi-Fi 505-216-1108 • www.ccandns.com • [email protected] FRESH, LOCAL FOOD Year-Round, Direct to You!

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30 Green Fire Times • June 2017 www.GreenFireTimes.com WHAT DOES IT MEAN TO WORK FOR GENDER JUSTICE IN NEW MEXICO? FATIMA VAN H ATTUM AND SARAH GHIORSE

hat does it mean to work immigration status, nativity, sexual identity towards gender justice in a and the environment have enormous time when political leaders inextricable e7ects on the health outcomes tem cap W sys ita l on the national and state levels are actively and quality of life for women, girls and ion ist t iminati e defunding programs and services critical to communities in New Mexico. Indeed, the a iscr on c uc d a o women and communities most impacted feedback and stories from communities d m bl n e is health e o c ty in is m by structural inequities? Over the past found throughout the reports illustrate a ili su m y m r b r e si a year, NewMexicoWomen.Org (NMW.O), this relationship. !e objective of this t s differen n c s y e s t c l im along with a team from University of research is to provide a knowledge h c tu ly e a y a s m s c c t ¯ a s r a s immig b s i New Mexico, engaged with women and base of community expertise and ip ra t i g l a c h t l a s i d i s io e r communities around the state in dialogues experience that can be used to a n n d t m r o m e u a g t o on this topic. !is month we will publish advance meaningful change in o iz s s i t e a y m t n f n t in s i l d a p i e o the results in a two-part report titled !e the lives of women and girls o o d t e c q x n c b u Heart of Gender Justice in New Mexico: across the state. u s e s u m r ¯ a s c a Intersectionality, Economic Security and s e y i i o l a i l t d s i x Health Equity . To learn more about this i t g c i t n e t l y

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o a I research is that social determinants matter. Org, join us from June i s l N s g t c i a a !e health and economic well-being of 5-9 for “Five Days c C s y e i l a a n O a t i b m women and girls in New Mexico is shaped of Gender Justice,” a i s i u m g l l M o e m e t i by social determinants, or in other words, campaign to launch this u c t a E h e n a s s “where and how women and girls live, report and discuss the t n e e p g e y e e s c g g s 1 v e t p it i s work, learn, pray and play.” Participants in meaning of gender justice t h ir a n n c i d i h r n r a e the project emphasized the critical role and with community members h i n s n o e c n i r r a o d it io u t n y lig a signi%cant impact that historical trauma across New Mexico. Launch n c m u Re n o ¯ c o h a c and colonization, patriarchy and structural updates and news will be on g e e at ti i e n n io pa b h t t n occu n o t racism, have on their well-being. our Facebook, Instagram and r io h l w is g t p a website, with appearances to be a m eo ca o e graphic lo m h r h o Another key %nding is that the impacts of announced on several radio and ist h l c or ma n social determinants on diverse communities TV channels. a ol ical trau io y on at m of women are best understood using e iza liz a rs tion globa gr an intersectional feminist lens ( see the To download the full report, visit: o ia f in y d Layers of Intersectionality diagram ). !is www.newmexicowomen.org/resources/ ter alit means moving beyond strictly gender to executive-summary-2017/ section consider the in&uence that other social factors such as race, class, ability, sexuality, NewMexicoWomen.Org (NMW.O), a religion, age and environment have on one’s program of New Mexico Community lived experiences. Intersectionality takes Foundation, is the only fund of its kind in into account the multitude of identities the state working to advance opportunities that women and girls in New Mexico for women and girls so they can lead navigate—from issues of race and class to self-sufficient, healthy and empowered histories of colonization—and demands lives. NMW.O pursues its mission via a that we honor the various structures three-pronged strategy: to educate, lead and systems that shape the realities of and invest. ■ women’s and girls’ lives. 2,3 Ultimately, an intersectional feminist view allows Sarah Ghiorse is the program director of communities and individuals to articulate NewMexicoWomen.Org. She has a B.A. the multiple aspects of identity and in Women’s Studies and an M.A. in Social experience that both enrich their health, and Cultural Anthropology. Fatima economic opportunities and lives, as well as van Hattum is the program manager of potentially challenge and complicate them. NewMexicoWomen.Org. She is a Ph.D. candidate in Educational Thought and In light of the research %ndings and in Sociocultural Studies at University of New answer to our question above, to work Mexico and has a background in gender, labor meaningfully on gender justice means rights and international development. acknowledging that race, class, history,

1 Michael Marmot et al., “Closing the Gap in a Generation: Health Equity through Action on the Social Determinants of Health,” !e Lancet 372, no. 9650 (Nov. 8, 2008):1661–1669. Heart of Gender Justice research team. L–R: Lisa Cacari Stone, Antoinette Villamil, 2 Collins, P.H. & Bilge, S. Intersectionality . Polty Press, Cambrige, UK; 2016. Sarah Ghiorse, Nancy López, Renee Villarreal, Claudia Díaz Fuentes and Fatima 3 Hankivisky O. Introduction to the Intersectionality-Based Policy Analysis Framework. Paper presented at: International Journal of Qualitative Methods 2012. van Hattum www.GreenFireTimes.com Green Fire Times • June 2017 31 Eco-Delivery Services 505.920.6370 LOOKING FOR A GREEN HOME? I can help you ,nd a home with environmentally-friendly features. SELLING YOUR GREEN HOME? I know the requirements for “green,” and can e>ectively market it for you.

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32 Green Fire Times • June 2017 www.GreenFireTimes.com OP ED: PAM ROY SODA TAX AND HEALTH: THE WORK CONTINUES

for residents in the city and county to get food, grow food and learn about food. As CITY STAFF WELCOME INNOVATIVE part of this plan, the council suggested PURCHASING PROGRAM various interventions that show promise Every Wednesday, City Hall sta" wait in anticipation for the MoGro truck to of positively changing eating behaviors and deliver boxes of organic fresh fruit and vegetables that they purchased through averting the looming health problems that MoGro’s website. Sue Perry, City of Santa Fe wellness coordinator, supported will trap Santa Fe’s children and families in the city’s partnership with the program. She saw it as a way to heighten people’s awareness of healthy food choices. In addition, she engages sta" with cooking unhealthy and unproductive lives. contests and recipes that they can take home to share with family and friends. Because of its popularity, the program is expanding to the city’s Market Station Changing diets requires multiple o$ce in the railyard. interventions that can provide ongoing information, change environments to make MoGro, an initiative of the Santa Fe Community Foundation, is a nonpro%t mobile the healthy food choice the easy choice, and grocery working to support sustainable local food systems and eliminate barriers

© Seth Roffman use public institutions such as our schools to a"ordable healthy food. &e initiative began its work in rural and tribal lands, Pam Roy to promote healthy eating and active living. partnering with Pueblo communities, the Johns Hopkins Center for American Indian Health, Skarsgard Farms and La Montañita Co-op to address healthy Santa Fe already has programs such as food access in low-income and underserved regions of New Mexico. MoGro’s %rst partnership in Santa Fe was with La Familia Clinic. &e program there o"ers ust because the voters defeated Santa Cooking with Kids and farm-to-school clients and their families a weekly, subsidized box of produce, as well as a double Fe’s proposed tax on sugar-sweetened activities o#ered in various schools that link value opportunity for families purchasing with food stamps. MoGro continues Jbeverages on May 2 doesn’t mean that math, science and reading to food production to expand. Partnering with the City of Santa Fe is a new way to pilot innovative and preparation. These educational the city’s dietary health problems have gone programs in an urban area. Rebecca Baran-Rees, MoGro’s director, wants to get away. While the price of soda will remain experiences help students of all ages—pre-K more local produce into the program. the same, the ballot initiative did heighten through high school—develop an awareness awareness of problems associated with of food options and healthy lifestyle. $e &e Santa Fe Food Policy Council is working closely with MoGro and the city unhealthy eating. evidence demonstrates that healthier eating to explore additional ways to expand the program for individuals and families behavior does occur over time. Sue Perry, throughout the community. Consumption of sugar-sweetened wellness director for the City of Santa Fe beverages in particular and unhealthy and co-chair of the council says, “$is is a foods in general is a major contributor to perfect opportunity to expand initiatives we the obesity epidemic in the United States. have in place such as our partnership with !"# $# ! %#& According to Harvard T. H. Chan School the MoGro (Mobile Grocery) fresh food # "()* &$(+ ,-# * (& of Public Health, one in three children in program, which provides an opportunity for the U.S. is overweight or obese, with the city employees to easily purchase organic fruit ! #$! %&! #% #$'()! $!'! trend disproportionately a#ecting Hispanic and vegetables at a reasonable price.” and Native American students. $e USDA reports that sugary beverages are the third- Mark Winne, co-chair of the council said, highest source of calories for Americans “Over the past several years, the Food under the age of 18. Plan has been a guide for the community to take steps towards increasing access to $e ballot issue also helped provide a much healthy and a#ordable foods. One such greater understanding of the need to further program is “Double Up Bucks” at the invest in early childhood education. During Santa Fe Farmers’ Market, which links the battle over the state budget, funding for families and individuals on the federally all levels of education has been in jeopardy, funded Supplemental Nutrition Assistance at a time when New Mexico’s education Program (SNAP) to fresh fruit and system continues to rank 49 th in the nation. vegetables being sold by local farmers. I see programs like these as a ‘win-win.’” In a letter submitted by the Santa Fe Build your customer base in Santa Food Policy Council to Mayor Gonzales, $e Santa Fe Food Policy Council looks the council encouraged aggressive and forward to working with Mayor Gonazales, Fe’s largest residential community thoughtful measures to focus on the the City Council and the county to develop health of our community while embracing comprehensive strategies focused on that needs your services innovation in schools to elevate creative healthy eating and active living. $e issues learning environments. raised by the soda tax will not go away because the voters said “no.” Now is the The council, an appointed body of time to build on that debate and create a Be part of a dynamic and growing community. healthier Santa Fe. individuals representing food, agriculture Owner is flexible on length of lease term. and education, released the Santa Fe Custom space available starting at 420 square-feet. Food Plan, “Planning for Santa Fe’s Pam Roy is coordinator of the Santa Fe Food Future: Querencia, a story of food, Food Policy Council and executive director farming and friends,” in October 2014. of Farm to Table. 505.660.8403, pam@ Contact David Gurule at Phase One Realty 505.660.9026 $e plan proposed goals to make it easier farmtotablenm.org, www.santafefoodpolicy.org or 505.986.2934 •[email protected]

www.GreenFireTimes.com Green Fire Times • June 2017 33 ^ƵƉƉŽƌƟŶŐ Local ƵƐŝŶĞƐƐŝŶ ^ŽƵƚŚĞƌŶ EĞǁDĞdžŝĐŽ 

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36 Green Fire Times • June 2017 www.GreenFireTimes.com NEWSBITEs

NATIONAL PARKS AND MONUMENTS MAY LOSE PROTECTIONS National monument designations make lands o!-limits to commercial development. and includes the Delaware Basin in Lea and Eddy counties, where the company President Trump has described national monuments created since 1996 that cover gains access to an estimated 3.4 billion barrels of oil. It will likely take many years more than 100,000 acres as “a massive federal land grab” that “should never have to fully explore and develop the vast deposits there. happened.” (e president has proposed reducing or redesignating 27 monuments in 11 states. Under an executive order, Interior Secretary Ryan Zinke was instructed Last September, Houston-based EOG Resources Inc. acquired Yates Petroleum to produce a +nal report in 120 days. Corp. for $2.5 billion for extensive holdings in Lea and Eddy counties, and in November, Concho Resources paid $430 million for about 24,000 acres in the area. Conservationists see Zinke’s review as the +rst step in turning over monuments to In April, ConocoPhillips announced plans to sell all of its San Juan Basin assets in become federal land that can be transferred to state trust lands required to generate northwestern New Mexico for $3 billion to Hilcorp San Juan LP. income for the state, often mining and gas and oil drilling. ALBUQUERQUE’S GREEN INITIATIVES Last month Zinke toured Grand Staircase-Escalante and Bears Ears National With its focus on energy efficiency, renewable energy, water conservation and Monument in southeastern Utah. He met with the Bears Ears Inter-tribal Coalition public transportation, Albuquerque has become one of the nation’s sustainabil- for an hour. Tribal leaders said there wasn’t enough time to make their points and ity leaders. Since 2010, the city’s carbon emissions have been reduced by more that Zinke mostly listened to his entourage of anti-monument politicians. than 11,703 metric tons, the equivalent of taking more than 2,464 cars off the road or planting 300,086 trees. This is the result of $16.8 million invested in Tribal councils representing Río Grande Valley Pueblos, as well as Zuni, Mescalero 100 energy-efficiency projects. The city’s website touts the projects’ environ- Apache and Navajo, have demonstrated broad agreement that the Río Grande mental impacts as well as the economic savings, noting a total avoided energy del Norte National Monument and Organ Mountain-Desert Peaks Monument cost of more than $4 million. designations must be maintained. (e RGDN stretches from Taos Pueblo lands to beyond the Colorado line. (e OM-DP is 300 miles south toward Las Cruces. American City Business Journals , in its annual nationwide ranking, put Albuquerque New Mexico’s Republican congressional representative Steve Pearce has proposed at number 25 for green building, tying with Cambridge, Massachusetts. Albu- reducing that 490,000-acre monument to 54,800 acres. Both monuments have seen querque had 737,771 square-feet with LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environ- signi+cant economic impact since becoming national monuments because of the mental Design) certi+cation. (e city has 16 LEED-certi+ed projects. Eleven are increasing number of visitors. gold-certi+ed and two are silver-certi+ed. LEED certi+cation measures energy-ef- +ciency and other environmentally conscious building practices.

NEW MEXICO AMONG FOUR STATES A prime example of this is Central New Mexico College’s Smith Brasher Hall TO SUE OVER COAL LEASE DECISION construction of new computer labs, a renovated auditorium, an enlarged busi- President Trump’s executive order to amend or withdraw the coal-leasing moratoria on ness resource center and staff spaces, which will be LEED-certified. Renova- federal lands has sparked a lawsuit. Attorneys for California, New Mexico, New York tions to CNM’s School of Business & Information Technology building, to be and Washington say that the program was reversed without due consideration for the completed this month by Bradbury Stamm, cost $24 million, funded by a vot- environment and fair value for taxpayers. (e suit claims that the reversal was made “with er-approved bond. The building’s wells have high-efficiency geothermal fields no justi+cation other than an objection to the time and cost of complying with the law.” that reduce energy. Twenty-two thousand tons of recycled material were sal- vaged and used for the building. “Climate change has to be considered when we are talking about compensating states and New Mexico citizens for their resources,” said Cholla Khoury, New Mexico Another focus for Albuquerque is its public-private recycling program and its Attorney Gen. Hector Balderas’ director of consumer and environmental protection. Integrated Waste Management Plan, which aims to increase the city’s diversion rate to 40 percent. (e city partners with Friedman Recycling to allow residents to (e Obama administration blocked the sale of new leases in 2016 in order to conduct recycle a variety of materials through cart-based curbside recycling. In FY 2016, an environmental study and a review of the royalties that mining companies pay the residents recycled 26,166 tons. government for coal that’s extracted. Interior o6cials said in January that those royalty rates could be raised to help o!set the e!ects of climate change from burning SFCC AWARDED $200,000 EPA JOB TRAINING GRANT coal. Eleven percent of U.S. greenhouse gas emissions in 2014 reportedly came from Santa Fe Community College is one of 14 organizations selected by the Environ- the production and combustion of coal on federal lands. mental Protection Agency to receive funding for job-training programs for local unemployed residents. (e programs will prepare people for green jobs that reduce The administration’s decision to review those designations in New Mexico environmental contamination and provide more sustainable futures for communi- has resulted in an opposition coalition of tribal leaders, sportsmen, ranchers, ties a!ected by solid- and hazardous-waste contamination. business owners and conservationists. They allege that the political drive threatening these lands is orchestrated in part by the American Lands Council, a SFCC has long led the way in environmental job training programs for northern group backed by the fossil-fuel industry-funded American Legislative Exchange New Mexico students. “We continue to promote sustainable and environmental Council (ALEC), which has proposed the transfer of all federal lands in the technologies as a driver of economic growth and new jobs,” said SFCC President West back to willing states. Randy Grissom.

MULTINATIONAL ENERGY FIRMS EXPAND (e college’s grant of $200,000 will help train 69 students and place at least 51 THEIR HOLDINGS IN NEW MEXICO graduates in environmental jobs. (e training program also includes instruction Despite environmental protests, the U.S. Bureau of Land Management is proceeding in health and safety, environmental site assessments and sampling, mold remedi- with oil and gas lease sales in southeastern New Mexico. (e resulting $70 million ation and asbestos awareness, allowing graduates to earn 12 state or federal certi- in revenue is expected to improve the state’s budget crisis. +cations. SFCC plans to focus recruitment on rural Native Americans, veterans and underserved youth. (e college has partnered with Coordinated Vision LLC, Major multinational energy companies have spent more than $13 billion in recent Northern New Mexico College, New Mexico Branch of the Association of General months on oil and gas hot spots in the state. Acreage has been going for twice what Contractors, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Santa Fe YouthWorks, SER Jobs companies paid in September 2016, and New Mexico has been leading the nation for Progress, New Mexico Workforce Connection, Northern Area Local Work- in new drilling rigs. force Development Board, and Eight Northern Indian Pueblos Council O6ce of Environmental and Technical Assistance. Exxon-Mobil Corp. is paying $5.6 billion in company stock plus about $1 billion more in cash to the Bass family of Fort Worth, Texas, to double its holdings on 275,000 For information on SFCC’s job training programs, call 505.800.8765 or email acres in the Permian Basin, which extends from Texas into southeast New Mexico, [email protected] www.GreenFireTimes.com Green Fire Times • June 2017 37 WHAT'S GOING ON! Events / Announcements science activities, art exhibits. 505.897.8831, ABQ 2030 DISTRICT equitable communities and how projects ALBUQUERQUE www.cabq.gov/openspace A voluntary collaboration of commercial can create inclusive economic opportunities. JUNE 7, 8:30 AM–4 PM property tenants, building managers, property $5. Reservations: 505.288.3531. Presented NM RECYCLING COALITION JUNE 24, 10 AM–6 PM owners and developers; real estate, energy, by Creative SF. www.creativesantafe.org and building sector professionals, lenders, ABQ MUSEUM, VENTANA SALON WILDLIFE FESTIVAL Annual meeting and professional recycling WILDLIFE W EST NATURE PARK, utility companies and public stakeholders JUNE 16, 9 AM training. 6 CEU credits towards NMED and 87 N. FRONTAGE RD., EDGEWOOD such as government agencies, nonprofits, CREATIVE MORNINGS PRESENTS community groups and grassroots organizers. National Sustainable Resource Management (JUST EAST OF ABQ) RAY RIVERA Property partners share anonymous utility Recertification. $100/$175. 505.603.0558, 122-acre park with an interactive trail NM H ISTORY MUSEUM , 113 L INCOLN AVE . www.recycyclenewmexico.com focuses on rescued, non-releasable, native data and best practices. Professional The SF New Mexican’s editor will discuss The New Mexican wildlife and native plants. partners provide expertise and services. Attack on Real News. Free. Register online: Presentations by wildlife and outdoor Public partners support the initiative as creativemornings.com/talks/ray-rivera JUNE 7, 5:30 PM it overlaps with their own missions. Info: FIRST FORUM LECTURE organizations. Free. http://wildlifewest.org/ wwblog/ [email protected] NATIONAL H ISPANIC CULTURAL CENTER JUNE 17, 9:30–11:30 AM 1701 4TH ST. SW TAKE A KID HIKING DAY “Advancing Healthy Politics in New Mexico.” JUNE 24, 8 PM SANTA FE DALE B ALL TRAILS AT SIERRA DEL Join New Mexico First for an evening on FESTIVAL CHISPA PRESENTS JUNE 4–6 NORTE TRAILHEAD strengthening and rewarding a healthy NATIONAL H ISPANIC CULTURAL CENTER NEXT GENERATION WATER Self-guided hike for local trail lovers. SF 1701 4TH ST. SW Conservation Trust’s program manager Tim democracy in the Land of Enchantment. SUMMIT/GREEN EXPO Featured speakers: retired U.S. Senators Tom Celebration of New Latin Music with Grammy Rogers and SFCT staff and volunteers will award-winning singer-songwriter Gaby SF CONVENTION CENTER provide water, snacks and maps for 4th and Daschle and Trent Lott, co-authors of Crisis Learn about new tools and models for building Point: Why We Must – and How We Can – Moreno with her band, plus the band Las 5th graders working on their “Passport to Cafeteras. $27. 505.246.2261, nhccnm.org to become radically more water-efficient. An Trails.” www.sfct.org Overcome Our Broken Politics in Washington event for policymakers, building designers, and Across America . Bipartisanship awards will builders/developers, water conservation be presented. Tickets: $100. www.nmfirst.org JUNE 26 professionals, water system designers, JUNE 17, 6–9 PM KIDS COUNT CONFERENCE landscape designers, land use planners, etc. GARDEN OF EARTHLY DELIGHTS JUNE 8, 7:30–10 AM MARRIOTT PYRAMID Educational sessions. Keynote speakers: Ed SF B OTANICAL GARDEN SMALL BUSINESS HEALTHCARE SUMMIT “Opportunity Matters: Advancing the Well- Mazria, Mary Ann Dickinson. Registration: Summer solstice garden party fundraiser ABQ CONVENTION CENTER being of NM’s Children, Women and Families $299/$50 students. 6/4: Green Expo and supports the SFBG’s education, community 401 2ND ST. NW in a New Political Era.” Nationally renowned Green Home Show. Hosted by the City of SF, SF outreach, horticulture and conservation Workshops will help NM executives keynote speakers, panels, breakout sessions, Green Chamber, Green Builder Coalition, Santa programs. Entertainment, gourmet food, prepare for what’s ahead. Panel of expert awards. Donate.nmvoices.org/kidscount Fe Area Homebuilders Association. www. auction. $175–$500. 505.471.9103, https:// and roundtable sessions on employee NextGenerationWaterSummit.com santafebotanicalgarden.org/events/ healthcare costs, options and more. $45 JUNE 26–29, 8:30 AM–3 PM summer-solstice-spectacular/ includes breakfast and expo. Presented by ECO KID’S CAMP-PATHFINDERS JUNE 5–30 ABQ Business First. www.bizjournals.com/ UNM CONTINUING EDUCATION ART OF ACADEMICS THROUGH JUNE 18, JULY 4 albuquerque/event/160162/2017/ 1634 UNIVERSITY B LVD . NE NATIVE CONNECTIONS SF CONCERT BAND What can we do to become environmental Marches, show tunes and classical favorites. GONZALES SCHOOL JUNE 8, 5:30–7 PM stewards of our homes, neighborhoods, Free, full-day program for rising 1st through Free/donations accepted. 6/18, 2 pm DISCUSSION ON THE cities and state? How do we survive 8th grade Native American students. Students at Federal Park; 7/4, 8 am on the Plaza ENVIRONMENT in a climate with limited water? What work on literacy, math and science skills while Bandstand during the pancake breakfast. http://www.santafeconcertband.org SIMMS SPACE , 400 GOLD AVE . SW, 7 TH FL. is acequia culture in NM? Field trips, also celebrating Native cultures. 505.467.2644, Former EPA regional administrator Ron Curry, hands-on activities, art projects. Ages [email protected] science writer Cally Carswell and Pueblo of 9–12. $295/$179. 505.563.0615, http:// JUNE 19–JULY 24 Acoma member Theresa Pascual. Moderated nmwatercollaborative.org/event/ JUNE 8, 7–9 PM HANDS-ON HERITAGE eco-kids-camp-pathfinders-ages-9-12-2/ by writer Laura Paskus. $20 suggested FINDING JOY IN TROUBLED TIMES EL CAMINO REAL ACADEMY AND ASPEN COMMUNITY SCHOOL donation. Presented by NM Political Report. SF CENTER FOR SPIRITUAL L IVING FIRST SUNDAYS Full-day program for rising 4th to 8th graders. 505 CAM . DE LOS MARQUEZ JUNE 11, 9–11 AM NM MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY A talk geared towards anyone by Tibetan The program’s themes are environment, EDIBLE AND MEDICINAL PLANT HIKE 1801 MOUNTAIN ROAD Buddhist teacher Khentrul Lodro Thaye. $10 history and cultures of Northern NM. $100– $200 for the five weeks with scholarships OPEN SPACE VISITOR CENTER Museum admission is free to NM residents on suggested donation. 505.660.1822, eric@ the first Sunday of every month. 505.841.2800 available. Contact Ed Gorman for El Camino at 6500 COORS B LVD . NE ericswanson.com Led by Dara Saville (https:// 505.690.8509 or Alma Rodríguez for Aspen at [email protected] albuquerqueherbalism.com). Free. Pre- SATURDAYS, 1 PM JUNE 9–10, 5–8 PM registration required. 505.452.5222, www. WEEKLY DOCENT-LED TOURS 2017 EDIBLE ART TOUR cabq.gov/openspace NATIONAL H ISPANIC CULTURAL CENTER JUNE 21–24 SANTA FE ART GALLERIES RODEO DE SANTA FE 1701 4TH ST. SW Join ARTsmart and eat your way through SF JUNE 11, 9–11 AM Tours of different exhibits and themes in galleries for two nights. 6/9: downtown; 6/10: SF RODEO GROUNDS SEASONS OF GROWTH GARDENING CLASS the Art Museum. $2-$3, free with museum Canyon Rd. Food provided by top restaurants, Parade, competitions for barrel racing, riding and roping. 505.471.4300, rodeosantafe.org INDIAN PUEBLO CULTURAL CENTER admission. 505.246.2261, nhccnm.org chefs and caterers. Benefits ARTsmart youth 2401 12TH NW programs. Tickets: $35. Available at the Resilience Garden hands-on session on THROUGH SEPTEMBER Lensic or http://artfeast.org/artfeast-events/ JUNE 24, 10 AM–12 PM helping vegetables, trees and shrubs thrive. $5 WE ARE OF THIS PLACE summer-edible-art-tour/ COMMUNITY RIVER CLEANUP suggested donation. 11 am: volunteer work. INDIAN PUEBLO CULTURAL CENTER ALTO PARK ( MEET BEHIND TENNIS COURTS ) 505.843.7270, Reservations: bsandoval@ 2401 12TH NW JUNE 9–25 Bring gloves, water shoes, water bottles. indianpueblo.org A historical overview and contemporary CURRENTS INTERNATIONAL www.santafewatershed.org artworks. Through July 2018: Long Ago: NEW MEDIA FESTIVAL Pueblo People & Our Modern Environment. JUNE 24, 4–8 PM JUNE 16, 6–9 PM LOCAL VENUES SUMMER SOLSTICE BLUES FEST Multimedia exhibit links elders’ wisdom to Annual festival featuring interactive FIRE & WATER FESTIVAL INDIAN PUEBLO CULTURAL CENTER modern relationship with the Earth. Open installations, film screenings, live music and THE B RIDGE AT SF B REWING CO. daily. $8.40/$6.40/$5.40; 505.843.7270, 2401 12TH NW presentations. 6/9 opening from 6 pm to Family-friendly event with music, activities Memphis P. Tails, Felix y Los Gatos, Levi indianpueblo.org midnight at El Museo Cultural in the Railyard. for kids and adults, food trucks. Fundraiser Platero. Hosted by Ira Wilson of Red Earth. Event schedule: currentsnewmedia.org/ to promote community education, advocacy $20/kids 4 & under free. 505.843.7270, ipcc. THROUGH NOV. 5 festivals/currents-2017 and stewardship presented by the SF ticketleap.com/summer-solstice-blues-fest/ OUTSTANDING IN HIS FIELD: Watershed Association. $10 includes raffle SAN YSIDRO JUNE 13, 5:30–7 PM ticket, kids 12 & under free. 505.820.1696, JUNE 18, 9 AM–2 PM NHCC ART MUSEUM , 1701 FOURTH SW [email protected], www. BRIDGING COMMUNITIES: LOCAL santafewatershed.org BEE CITY POLLINATION CELEBRATION Contemporary and traditional depictions VOICES FOR LOCAL IMPACT OPEN SPACE VISITOR CENTER , of the patron saint of farmers & gardeners. NM History Museum, 113 Lincoln Ave. JUNE 24, 5–8 PM 6500 COORS B LVD . NE More than 65 artists. $6/$5/16 & under free. Scott Kratz, director of the 11th St. Bridge Displays, workshops, live music, storytelling, Nationalhispaniccenter.org Project, will review methods to engage WATER IS LIFE FESTIVAL presentations, installations, honey tasting, community members in developing SF B OTANICAL GARDEN

38 Green Fire Times • June 2017 www.GreenFireTimes.com Global Water Dance event (http:// landingcenter-chapters/visiting-randall-davey- JUNE 5, 10 AM–2 PM JUNE 22–JULY 23 globalwaterdances.org) featuring audubon-center-sanctuary ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT WILD RIVERS PLEIN AIR PAINT-OUT choreographers Rulan Tangen, Rujeko INCENTIVES WORKSHOP Questa, NM area Dumbutshena, Elise Gent, Diedre Morris, DAILY El Zócalo, 264 S. Cam. Del Pueblo, Plein Air artists’ interpretations of the Questa, Bobbie Besold and Emily Weiderholt. SANTA FE BOTANICAL GARDEN Bernalillo, NM San Cristobal, Lama, El Rito/Latir. Competition Performance, interactive and educational 715 CAM . L EJO , MUSEUM H ILL Learn about NM incentive programs, tax divisions: Landscape, Architecture, Youth (18 activities. Procession from the SF River Living museum on 14 acres. Ojos y Manos, credits, financing programs and more. NM and younger). Info: wildriverspleinair@gmail. creating a Water Medicine Wheel. Orchard Gardens, The Courtyard Gardens and Dept. of Workforce Solutions, USDA, Realty com, Registration: www.wildriverspleinair. [email protected] the Arroyo Trails. Santafebotanicalgarden.org One of NM, Small Business Development com. 6/24, 5–7 pm: Awards Ceremony/ Center, NM Economic Development Opening at Ocho Gallery, 8 Hwy. 38, Questa, THROUGH FEB. 11, 2018 SUSTAINABLE GROWTH MANAGEMENT Dept. and the NM Finance Authority. NM. Show open to the public through 7/23. VOICES OF COUNTERCULTURE PLAN FOR SF COUNTY 10 am–1 pm: workshop; 1 pm–2 pm: IN THE SOUTHWEST Hard copies $70, CDs $2. Contact Melissa open house. Registration: 505.891.4305, JUNE 24, 7 PM NM H ISTORY MUSEUM, SF PLAZA Holmes, 505.995.2717 or msholmes@ sandovaleconomicalliance.org/workshops FIELD TO FOOD FUNDRAISER Exhibit spans the 1960s and 70s exploring the santafecounty.org. The SGMP is also available Center for Ageless Living, 3216 Hwy 47 S., influx of young people to NM and the collision on the county website: www.santafecounty. JUNE 5–9 AND 12–16 Los Lunas, NM of cultures. Archival footage, oral histories, org/growth_management/sgmp and can be SUMMER CAMP Local foods and wines from within a 100-mile photography, ephemera and artifacts. Curated reviewed at SF Public libraries and the County Santa Cruz, NM (near Española) radius. 5-course dinner under the stars to by Jack Loeffler and Meredith Davidson. Administrative Building, 102 Grant Ave. Camino de Paz School & Farm and celebrate healthy aging and support fresh, http://nmhistorymuseum.org/calendar.php? Española Valley Fiber Arts offer two weeks seasonal produce for homebound elders. of crafts and fun. Children ages 7 to 11 505.865.8813, nmagelessliving.com SUNDAYS, 10 AM-4 PM TAOS may sign up for one or both weeks. $250/ RAILYARD ARTISAN MARKET JUNE 1–SEPT. 29 wk. www.caminodepaz.net JUNE 27, 1:30–3:30 PM FARMERS ’ MARKET PAVILION EARTH BAG BUILDING WORKSHOP FUNDIT MEETING 1607 PASEO DE PERALTA Learn to build a sustainable, affordable, JUNE 10, 4 PM NM Dept. of Workforce Solutions Local artists, textiles, jewelry, off-grid solar home. 575.770.0085, NM LAND CONSERVANCY 501 Rail Runner Ave., Bernalillo, NM ceramics, live music. 505.983.4098, earthandsunsustainablebuilders.com 15TH ANNIVERSARY GALA The NM Economic Development Dept. will [email protected], Tamaya Hyatt Resort, Santa Ana Pueblo, NM host this meeting to help local leaders identify artmarketsantafe.com JUNE 4, 11, 25; JULY 2,9,16, 1–5 PM A Celebration of 15 Years of Land Conservation local, state and federal funding for economic INDIGENOUS HERBALISM AND and Heritage Preservation. Recognizing development. Communities should submit SUNDAYS, 11 AM HEALING SERIES landowners, protecting landscapes. Petchesky public interest project proposals by June 16 JOURNEY SANTA FE CONVERSATIONS ARROYO SECO , NM Conservation Award honoring Courtney for review during the meeting. Info/RSVP: [email protected] COLLECTED W ORKS B OOKS Seven classes taught by Grandmother White. Silent & live auctions. Dinner, live 202 GALISTEO ST. Flordemayo, Emigdio Ballon (Bolivia), music & dancing. $150. 505.986.3801, www. 6/4: Jennifer Ramo, exec. dir. of the anti- Henrietta Gomez (Taos Pueblo), Howard nmlandconservancy.org/ JULY 31 DEADLINE hunger group NM Appleseed, on the No Food Badhand (Lakota), curandera Tonita Gonzales, NM FILMMAKERS SHOWCASE Shaming Bill; 6/11: Red Mountain Press’s 10th Tiffany Freeman (Cree). $350. Natives from JUNE 10–12 Annual event features a vast range of creative anniversary celebration with editor/author local Pueblos may pay on a donation basis. FRACKING CHACO filmmaking from New Mexicans around the Susan Gardner and writers Lisa Bickmore, 914.400.7558, www.nativerootshealing.com YOUTH AWARENESS RUN state. No charge to enter. Showcase is free Keith Emmons, Ann Filemyr, Robyn Hunt, Chaco Canyon National Historic Park, NM and open to the public. A panel of local film Anne Valley Fox and others; 6/18: “Dealing JUNE 17, 12–6 PM An 80-mile youth run to bring attention to professionals judge the projects in various with Doctors, Denial and Death.” Dr. Aroop RALLY FOR THE RÍO/RÍO GRANDE the effects fracking has on local communities categories. 505.476.5671, belle.allen@nmfilm. Mangalik will provide information and DEL NORTE in the greater Chaco area. The run will com, nmfilm.com resources for end-of-life decision making; ORILLA VERDE RECREATION AREA end in Farmington. Evening camping with FIRST MONDAYS EACH MONTH, 6/25: A conversation with Julie Ann Grimm, PILAR , NM “Southwest Culture Nights.” Organized editor/publisher of the SF Reporter. Hosts: Reconnect with the río and conservation by the Intl. Indigenous Youth Council. 3–5 PM Alan Webber and Bill Dupuy. Free. www. organizations. Food, music, fun. Kids [email protected], #FrackOffChaco, SUSTAINABLE GALLUP BOARD journeysantafe.com welcome. Free float trips for Amigos Bravos #internationalindigenousYouthCouncil Octavia Fellin Library, Gallup, NM members from Los Ríos River Runners. The City of Gallup’s Sustainable Gallup Board MON.–SAT. Directions, sponsorships, memberships ($35): JUNE 14, 1–4 PM welcomes community members concerned POEH CULTURAL CENTER & MUSEUM 575.758.3874, membership@amigosbravos. SANDOVAL COUNTY MASTER about conservation, energy, water, recycling 78 CITIES OF GOLD RD. org, www.amigosbravos.org GARDENERS CLASSES and other environmental issues. 505.722.0039. PUEBLO OF POJOAQUE County Extension Office In T’owa Vi Sae’we: The People’s Pottery. THIRD WEDS. MONTHLY, 5:30 & 7:30 PM 711. S. Cam. del Pueblo, Bernalillo, NM MON., WED., FRI., SAT., 10 AM–4 PM Tewa Pottery from the Smithsonian National TAOS ENTREPRENEURIAL NETWORK Climate extremes & ways to buffer it with PAJARITO ENVIRONMENTAL Museum of the American Indian. Nah KTAOS Judith Phillips. Urban horticulture series. Free EDUCATION CENTER Poeh Meng: 1,600-sq.-ft. core installation Networking, presentations, discussion and classes. Continuing education for Master 2600 Canyon Rd., Los Alamos, NM highlighting the works of Pueblo artists and professional services. Free. 505.776.7903, Gardeners. 505.867.2582, Sandoval@nmsu. Nature center and outdoor education Pueblo history. Poehcenter.org www.facebook.com/TaosNetwork/ edu, http://sandovalmastergardeners.org programs. Exhibits of flora and fauna of the Pajarito Plateau; herbarium, live amphibians, TUES.–SAT. ONGOING JUNE 14–18 butterfly and xeric gardens. 505.662.0460, EL MUSEO CULTURAL DE SANTA FE HOLY CROSS HOSPITAL HEALTH GOOD MEDICINE www.losalamosnature.org 555 CAM . DE LA FAMILIA SUPPORT CONFLUENCE FESTIVAL WEDS., 10 AM Rotating exhibits, community programs and HCH COMMUNITY W ELLNESS CENTER Durango, Colo. performances designed to preserve Hispanic GREEN HOUR HIKES (LOWER ENTRANCE ), 1397 W EIMER RD. The Art of Healing. 100 unique classes. culture. Elmuseocultural.org 575.751.8909, [email protected], Learn herbal skills. Native plant walks, dance Los Alamos Nature Center, Los Alamos, NM TaosHealth.com concerts. PlantHealer.org Kid-centered hikes. Free. Losalamosnature.org WEDS.–SUN. SANTA FE CHILDREN’S MUSEUM JUNE 19–24, 12:30–3:30 PM FIRST 3 WEDS. EA. MONTH, 6–7 PM 1050 OLD PECOS TRAIL HERE & THERE NMSU’S CAMP INNOVENTURE SOLAR 101 CLASSES Interactive exhibits and activities. JUNE 4, 9 AM–4 PM UNM West, Río Rancho, NM 113 E. Logan Ave., Gallup, NM 505.989.8359, Santafechildrensmuseum.org CORRALES GARDEN TOUR Experience in innovative thinking and Free classes about all things related to Corrales, NM entrepreneurial development for middle school off-grid solar systems. No pre-registration SAT., 7 AM-1 PM Sweet Tree Farm, devoted to preserving students offered through a partnership with necessary. 505.728.9246, gallupsolar@gmail. SANTA FE FARMERS’ MARKET heirloom trees and plants is one of six the Sandoval Economic Alliance. Free. https:// com,Gallupsolar.org 1607 PASEO DE PERALTA (& GUADALUPE ) distinctive, private gardens on the self-guided campinnoventureriorancho.eventbrite.com Northern NM farmers & ranchers offer fresh tour. Tickets: $12/adv., $15 day of tour. www. BASIC LITERACY TUTOR TRAINING greenhouse tomatoes, greens, root veggies, corrales-gardentour.com, Info: 505.350.3955 JUNE 20–22 Española area cheese, teas, herbs, spices, honey, baked or [email protected] ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS After training by the NM Coalition for Literacy, goods, body care products and much more. OF THE ANIMAS AND SAN JUAN volunteer tutors are matched with an adult www.santafefarmersmarket.com JUNE 4–10 WATERSHEDS student. 505.747.6162, [email protected], www. GEOLOGY OF NORTHERN NM San Juan College, Farmington, NM raalp.org/become-a-tutor.html SAT., 8 AM–4 PM Ghost Ranch Education Center near Abiquiú 2nd annual conference. Emphasis on Gold King RANDALL DAVEY AUDUBON CENTER Class includes 3 full-day excursions, including Mine and other mine waste issues. Hosted SPIRIT OF THE BUTTERFLY 1800 UPPER CANYON RD. the Valle Caldera, Río Grande Gorge and a by the Water Resources Research Institute. 923 E. Fairview Land, Española, NM Striking landscapes and wildlife. Bird walks, mining district near Dixon. 505.685.1000, https://animas.nmwrri.nmsu.edu/2017/ Women’s support group organized by hikes, tours of the Randall Davey home. ghostranch.org Tewa Women United. Info/RSVP: Beverly, 505.983.4609, http://nm.audubon.org/ 505.795.8117 www.GreenFireTimes.com Green Fire Times • June 2017 39 James H. Auerbach, MD and Staff support Green Fire Times in its efforts to bring about a better world by focusing on the people, enterprises and initiatives that are transforming New Mexico into a diverse and sustainable economy.

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