Hannibal's

Historical Highlights

Bv

Gordon W. Sturge, B.S., M.S. ltla_yor and Town Historian

APPRECIATION is extended to Mr. Hosmer and the entire staff of The Community Newspapers at Red ,Creek, New York, especially to Dwight Stewart, l\i1rs. Anna B. Taber, Fred Hudson, Miss Helen Neal, Harry Van Patten and Charles Jaeger, for their patience, forbear­ ance and cooperation during the printing of this book. GORDON W. STURGE.

August 1, 1949 Hannibal, New York

Dedicated

To My Foster Parents

Frank G., Jennie A., and l\ilary F. Sturge

ERRATA

Page 37-Alfred Pierce, lumber sawing, 1n­ :stead of Robert Scott.

Page 68-Stanley Church replaces Wilfred Greenfield.

Page 95-Lucille McCarthy Berlin, instead of Lucille Berlin McCarthy.

Table of Contents

Page How the Town of Hannibal Was Formed______9 Can You Remember When______15 Hannibal Man Founder of Kenosha, Wisconsin______22 Railroads______24 Old Industries and Businesses ______29 Elections______38 George Washington ______41 Wiltseville-District No. l______42 Stone Schoolhouse-No. 2______49 North Hannibal-No. 3 ______51 Hannibal-No. 4 ______------62 Fairdale-No. 5 ______------__ 99 Cain's Corners-No. 6 ______------______103 Hannibal Center-No. 7______105 Mc Causey-No. 8 ______110 Carter-No . 9 ______112 Schoonmaker-No. 10 ______117 South Hannibal-No. 11 ------119 White School-No. 12 ______128 Gifford District-No. 13 ______135 Rhoades-No. 14 ______------140 Dennison-No. 15 ______142 Pem bers-No. 2 (Gran by)______144 Ear1 y Au tomo beelin '______146 Hannibal Town Hall______------_ 148 Brewster's Silver Band ______150 Hannibal July Fourths ______152 Guthrie's Ole Swimmin' Hole ______155 Churches ______156 Floods and Fires ______183 Sports ______18 7 Hannibal Men in Wars ______201 Masons and Eastern Stars______227 Civic Organizations ______249 Postoffices ______252 Firemen ______256 Granges ______258 Page Town and Village Officers______267 Finances and Prices______269 Newspapers and ·Telephones______271 0 Id Land marks______27 4 Miscellaneous ______------______277

Table of Pictures

Page Village Square (South Side)______16 Village Square (West Side)______.. _ 17 A Friendly Game of Cards______18 Ice Harvesting Time______19 0 ld Mill Stream and Dam______20 Wreck on the R. W. & O.______26 Old Cooper Shop______30 Brewster's Store______32 Mc Farland's Store------______35 The American HoteL______40 North Hannibal School______61 Hannibal Primary Department______63 Hannibal High School ( 1868)______65 Ruins of Hannibal High SchooL______67 Hannibal High School (1923)______69 Seven th and Eighth Grades (1914-15)______76 First Graduating Class ______------______77 1949 Gr ad uating ·Class______90 Hannibal Cheese Factory______102 The Old Matson Trail______122 Old Hannibal Dryhouse ______139 Hannibal Town HalL______148 Chamberlain Tannery and Residence______154 Camp Meeting at Demster______172 First Organized Baseball Team______188 G. A. R. Members, Post 447______208 Hannibal Free Library______255 Golden Sheaf Grange______259 North Hannibal Juvenile Grange ______262 Cato-Meridian Telephone Office ______272 The Town Pump _____ ------______276 Acknowledgments

MANY of the facts, happenings and events recorded herein were obtained from the older citizens of the town, old town, village, church and school records, newspapers, "History of Oswego County," "Landmarks of Oswego County," and many other sources. A goodly portion of the material is given to you "as was told to me." In many cases involving old records the original form and spelling has been purposely retained. There will be some disagreements as to dates as different people were not certain of time placement, even regarding comparatively recent happenings. The following people loaned pictures, aided in giving information or helped in some way to make this account possible and their assistance is hereby gratefully acknowledged: Mr. and Mrs. Fred Cox, Karl Kellogg, Mr. and Mrs. S. R. Lockwood, Mr. and Mrs. Melzar Van Auken, Miss Grace Hawkins, Mrs. Ida Til­ ford, Mrs. Lena Cox, Mr. and Mrs. John Cox, Mrs. Walter Youngs, Mr. and Mrs. Howard Perkins, Robert Bishop, Mr. and Mrs. Ralph Rogers, Mr. and Mrs. Ray Rogers, Mr. and Mrs. Julius Knapp, Mrs. Edward Fairley, Mrs. James Jackson, Mrs. Leon Jackson, Mr. and Mrs. Ray­ mond Shutts, Orville Wiltse, Grant Wilson, Harvey Wheeler, Mrs. Floyd Follett, Miss Sadie Adamy, Mr. and Mrs. Ward Adamy, Mrs. William Smith, Henry Wiltse, Mrs. Alice Chamberlain, Mrs. Herman Plummer, Mrs. Sela Travis, Mrs. Chester Pearce, Roy Welling, Mrs. Fannie Tucker, Mrs. Emma Field, Mrs. George McMillen, Mr. and Mrs. George Baldwin, Donald Wheeler, Mrs. Bert Blodgett, Miss Margaret Lindsley, Mrs. Homer Lindsley, Mr. and Mrs. William Byrne, Miss Rita German, Mrs. Wade Gillis, Mrs. Harry Powers, Mrs. Winfred Welling, Hayes Braga, Mr. and Mrs. Hardy Lamson, Mrs. Clive Mead, Reverend Leonard B. Whitney, Mrs. Roy Darling, Mr. and Mrs. George Wells, Maurice Lockwood, Miss Vivian Megraw, Mrs. Jesse Lounsbery, Mrs. Raymond Howell, Mrs. Curtis Cooper, Mr. and Mrs. Raymond Cooper, Ernest Lonis, Mrs. Dolly Barrett, Mrs. Clayton Gifford, Mrs. Ira Dopp, Miss Cassie Marsh, Mrs. Charles Petrie, Mrs. Grover Showers, Mr. and Mrs. Charles Kranze, Ivan Blake, Mrs. Adelbert Myers, Mrs. Ward Welling, Mrs. Charles Youngs, Miss Ethel Youngs, Mrs. Percy Rauch, Mrs. Anna Perkins, Fred N. Palmer, Mrs. Kenneth Upcraft, Donald Wallace, Lloyd Tyler, Floyd Wiltse, Harlan Wiltse, Anthony Westerman, Floyd Carter, Mr. and Mrs. Howard Kellogg, Mr. and Mrs. Arthur Parker, Mrs. Carrie Stock, Mr. and Mrs. Fred Shutts, Mrs. Blanche Miller, Mrs. Evy Crofoot, Frank Scott, Mrs. Ross Han­ num, Mrs. Luther Hannum, Mrs. Lily Sturge, Earl Williamson, Mrs. Vernon Stowell, Mrs. Ethel Gault, Harold Gillis, Robert Thompson, Florence Houser, and Attorney Harry C. Mizen. Foreword

THIS history of Hannibal was begun several years ago, back in 1938 to be exact, when the compiler of this material intended to pub­ lish a history of the town and village as the thesis for his master's degree at Syracuse Uni­ versity. It was soon found, however, that it would take too long a time to complete such a history, so the idea of using it for that purpose was abandoned. It is now published as a matter of interest and of record for the town and vil­ lage of Hannibal with the sincere hope that each one who reads it may find something of interest. The writer sincerely hopes that in the years to come someone else may be interested enough in his or her home town to carry on this account. How the Tow11 of Hannibal Was Formed

ANNIBAL derived its name from the great Carthaginian H general of that name. It was the name of the old survey Township No. 2 (in the Military tract) which included the present towns of Hannibal, Oswego, and part of Granby. An act passed February 28, 1789, authorized the commission­ ers of the land office to direct the surveyor general to lay out in the Military tract townships of 100 lots of 600 acres each, enough to satisfy the claims to bounty lands of the officers and soldiers of the Revolutionary army from the State of New York to which they were entitled under previous action of the legis­ lature. 'The direction was at once given to the surveyor general and surveys were promptly made. In 1790 maps of 25 to\vn­ ships were filed. The act directed that the first of the town­ ships should begin on the western side of the Onondaga river, as the Oswego river was then called, "at the falls thereof." Two of these townships cornered upon the river at the falls, to the southern of which (Township No. 1) was given the name Ly­ sander, and to the northern of which (Township No. 2) was given the name Hannibal. This survey township of Hannibal included all of the present county of Oswego lying west of the Oswego river, except the north 33 lots of the township of Lysander, which, when Oswego county was formed, were in­ cluded in that county, and now form a part of the town of Granby. When Onondaga county was formed in 1794, the town of Lysander was set up, which included the three military town­ ships of Hannibal, Lysander and Cicero. Asa Rice was super­ visor, reporting for the three townships the number of 15 inhabitants, and the valuation of taxable property $1500. This continued until February 28, 1806, when the military township of Hannibal was separated from Lysander and made a town by the name of Hannibal in the county of Onondaga. The first town meeting was held at the home of Matthew McN air, innkeeper, in the village of Oswego, on the first Tues­ day of April, 1806, and the following officers were elected: Town clerk, Edward Connor; supervisor, William Vaughan; assessors, Asa Rice, Barnet Mooney, Reuben Sprague; collector, Ezekiel Brown; overseers of the poor, Daniel Hugunin, Peter 9 Hugunin; commissioners of highways, Peter D. Hugunin, Bar­ net Mooney, Thomas Sprague, Jr.; constables, Ezekiel Brown, James Hugunin; fence-viewers, Daniel Hugunin, Peter Hugu­ nin; pound-master, William Eadus; path-masters, John Masters, District No. 1; James Hugunin, District No. 2; Parmenus Sprague, District No. 3; commissioners of Gospel lots, Joel Burt and Asa Rice. The following resolutions were passed at that first town meeting: "That rams shall not be free commoners from the 1st of September till the 15th of November, with forfeiture of $2.00 for every offense." "That fences shall not be less than five feet high, and not exceed the space of five inches between rails, from the ground to the height of two feet." Despite the regulations regarding fences there were many stray animals which had to be advertised in the town clerk's book so that owners could find them. Each person who owned cattle or sheep had to have them branded with certain marks of identification. Thomas Sprague's mark was a slanting crop on the under side of the left ear. (18th April, 1806.) Cornelius Wiltsie's mark for sheep, cattle and hogs: A hole in the center of the right ear and a slit on the end of the left ear. (Recorded Feb. 25, 1843, by E. L. Ormsby, town clerk.) The follo,ving are two notices of strays: "The widow Grey has given notice that on the 12 December, 1813, she took up a stray cow with a white face, bob tail, a piece cut out of her right ear, and her hinder hoofs turned up sup­ posed in consequence of being frozen. Jan. 10, 1814." "Came into the enclosure of the subscriber a stray yearling Bull red lined back on the 10th day of November Inst. Hanni­ bal, November 18th, 1834. Signed David Austin." When Oswego county was formed on March 1, 1816, the town of Hannibal and the north 33 lots of Lysander ,vere taken from Onondaga county and made a part of Oswego county. The 33 lots were annexed to the town of Hannibal which thereby in­ cluded all of Oswego county lying west of the Oswego river. On the 20th of April, 1818, an act was passed forming the towns of Os,vego and Granby and giving to Hannibal the boundaries which it has ever since retained. Under the orig­ inal act of 1789 the commissioners were charged with the duty of providing names for the towns laid out under the act. They assigned that duty to Simeon DeWitt, for half a century surveyor-general of that state, and it is to him that we are indebted for the names of Roman, Greek and Carthaginian notables that are attached to the military townships of Central New York. It was largely through the efforts of Arvin Rice that the name Hannibal was retained for this town. 10 Early Settlers About the year 1800 veterans of the recent Revolution began to settle on their claims or sell them to hardy settlers from New England and Eastern New York as records show. Veterans of the second war with the 1nother country in 1812 also came thither to find new homes in the wilderness. In 17·97 Asa Rice of Connecticut settled at Union Village, now known as Fruit Valley. 1,his vvas then a part of the town of Hannibal. That season four families had summered where is now the city of Oswego. Three of these families returned tc Salt Point for the winter, leaving only one family permanently located at Oswego. In the year 1804 the "Fair American," a small schooner, was built at Oswego by a Mr. Wilson. The only team in this region was a yoke of oxen, owned by the Rice family, and this team: with one of the boys, was engaged by Mr. Wilson to haul timber for the construction of the schooner. The timber was cut east of the river, but the vessel was built on the west side, and this boy with his ox team hauled timbers across the Oswego river on the ice every day, except Sundays, in the month of March, 1804. The first white settler within the present limits of the town of Hannibal was Thomas Sprague, who came from Massachu­ setts in 1802. He located on the south line of the town on lot 95, built the first house, which was, of course, a log one, and likewise made the first clearing. The first marriage was that of Daniel Thomas and Prudence Sprague in 1803. Carr Sprague, born in 1805, was the first white child born in the town. The first death was that of another child, a daughter of Thomas Sprague, in 1806. During the years 1803 and 1804 the Sprague family seem to have been the only inhabitants of the present town. In 1805, however, a number of settlers arrived, prominent among them being Watson Earl, Joseph Weed, Israel Messenger, David Wilson, Samuel Barrow, Sterling Moore, and Orren and George Cotton, all of whom located at Hannibal Center. Being a mill­ wright, Orren Cotton, in company with Watson Earl, built there, about 1806, the first grist mill in town. He wa~ a lineal descendant of Dr. John Cotton, the great Puritan preacher of Boston. Samuel Barrow was one of the first surveyors. Vl. W. Brackett, a native of Washington county, was the first merchant at Hannibal Center, in 1830, and remained in that business and other industrial pursuits 46 years. He erected a peppermint distillery at that place, and was also proprietor of a store in the village of Hannibal. He died November 23, 1876. The first building in the village of Hannibal was erected of logs, nearly on the site of an old Indian camp or wigwam, in the year 1808. It was kept as a hotel by Henry Jennings. il In the following year, 1809, Arvin Rice, a son of Asa Rice, the pioneer of Union Village, commenced a clearing on lot 67, near Hannibal village. He set out the first orchard and raised the first barn without the use of liquor. Mr. Rice also brought into town the first iron plow to supersede the old one-handled "bull plow." It was manufactured at Schenectady, New York, and was known as the "Clute plow." This plow was universally condemned by 1the people before being brought into use. Among the early marriages was that of Arvin Rice and Polly Cotton, March 18, 1812. The first house erected without the use of liquor was built by Isaac Sykes. About 1810 Isaac Kinney settled at what is now Kinney's Corners. James B. Adams erected a cabin at Fairdale and Gad Daniels soon afterward built one a mile farther east. During all this time the new country was infested with ferocious ani­ mals, mainly wolves, which created at times no little havoc among the fields and sheep pens of the pioneers. In 1809 the authorities offered a bounty of $10 for each wolf realp taken, a resolution which remained in force for several years. About 1811 or 1812 Henry and Benjamin Wiltse, natives of Dutchess county, settled on lot 47, and Robert Hall, from Ire­ land, located on lot 39. Cornelius Wiltse, a son of Henry, became a settler about 1813, while Martin Wiltse very early located on lot 48. Silas Crandall built the first saw mill in town in 1811. In 1812 Benjamin F. Gifford, a surveyor, became a permanent settler. The first surveyors were J. W. McFadden, Peter Schenck, Samuel Barrow and Benjamin F. Gifford. About 1815 Amos Field, who came from Vermont, built the first frame hotel which he kept many years. In 1820 Towsley and Dunton established a fulling mill and John Brill a tannery, both being the first of the kind in town. Thomas West, John Toppen and Trumbull Kent were early blacksmiths, while Moses Farnham was the pioneer carpenter. Field and Dunton and Jason Peck were proprietors of the first distilleries. In 1822 Thomas Skelton, afterward an assemblyman, erected an­ other tannery. (This burned December 3, 1875.) In 1815 Hale Worster, a native of Cayuga county, came in, and during the remainder of his life ,vas one of the prominent men of the town. During the same year Cephas S. Kent from Vermont began a clearing on lot 57, and in 1816 moved his family here, coming all the way in an ox sleigh, reaching his home in the wilderness in the month of March. Another settler of 1816 was James W. Jones, who came from Saratoga county and located on about 200 acres of lot 76, for which he paid $5 an acre. Powell Jones, his son, born here in 1825, lived and died on the homestead. Avery Green, a farmer, was a pioneer of 1817, and in 1818 12 William Ames from Windham county, Connecticut, located on lot 57. Sometime prior to this a family named Hawks settled in the town. In 1815 three of their number were married, namely, Daniel Hawks and Emily Field, William Hawks and Eliza Dun­ ton, and Asa Dunton and Lois Hawks. In 1815 also occurred the marriage of William Stephenson and Marilla Dunton. Cyrus Hawks was born here in 1819 and Hiram F. in 1822. William Hawks was one of the justices of the peace in 1829. Among the first frame houses was one built by Mr. Ure about 1817 known as the Dunham house. About 1.818 Captain Hector Gillis, ,vho had been a sailor on the lakes, commanding two vessels, the "Betsey" and the "Julia," an early settler of Oswego, and present at the capture of that place in 1814, located in Hannibal on the farm now oc­ cupied by Stephen Howell. The captain died in 1864. The first store was built by Benjamin Phelps in 1818. Hast­ ings Bullen was also one of the early merchants. In 1820 Adrian M. Schoonmaker, a native of Long Island, settled near Fairdale. Thus immigrants threaded their way into different parts of the town, and the lowing of kine and the bleating of sheep be­ gan to be mingled with the growl of the bear and the wolf's long howl. The woodman's axe made huge gashes in the in­ terminable forests and industry, thrift and improvement were seen on every hand. In 1820 the inhabitants of the town numbered 935. Many improvements had been made; mercantile and manufacturing industries were active, and agricultural interests were develop­ ing with the receding forests. Among the settlers of the succeeding decade were Orville G. Adkins, Levi Brackett (long a justice of the peace), Norman Green, Isaac H. Peckham (born here in 1828), and Jonas Shutts. The latter was born in Colum­ bia county in 1814 and came to Hannibal with his father, John, in 1829. Nicholas Cox and his sons, Charles and Reverend John Cox, located on lot 51 about 1829. The early physicians were Drs. Ure and Moore. Later, about 1822, there was Dr. Arden Allen from Clinton, Oneida county. Between 1830 and 1840 among others who came or were born here were Zenas Barlow from Oneida county, C. Perry Camp­ bell, Benjamin S. Crofoot, David D. Metcalf, a prominent law­ yer (born here in 1837), David W. Ames (born here in 1835), James W. Burt, Martin H. Cox, Horatio Dunham, Erastus Glover from Hampshire, Massachusetts, P. G. Howe, William H. Johnson, Isaac Haws (born here in 1833), Harrison Matteson, Stephen Stark, Norman Titus and William Wiggins. The earliest lawyers were Messrs. Riggs and Abrams, who came in 1836, remaining a few years. From 1840 to 1850 many prominent settlers arrived. Among 13 them may be mentioned Amos D. Cowles, Augustus S. and Sands D. Gardner, James W. Brackett (born here in 1846), Augustus Lester, Alexander H. Mitchell, John W. and Theo­ dore L. Mitchell, Hubert Dickinson, Lemuel P. Storms (later a customs house officer), Dr. Dillon F. Acker (born here in 1845), .and William L. Williams, a native of Wales. Prominent among the arrivals after 1850 were Dr. E. H. Boyd, H. M. BaJTrett, attorney, Eli P. Barrett (for several years supervisor), N. B. Brower, attorney, David Bothwell, Dr. R. N. Cooley, David Wells and Orrin Henderson. Among other prominent residents were Alexander Kent, ·waters ·Towsley, William Earl, E. S. Tallman, Frederick Wiltse, son of Cornelius Wiltse, Noah Wright, Rensselaer Matteson, John L. Kip, Samuel Farnham, John Bullen, Jr., Isaac Sykes, Archibald Green, Jonathan Eastman, Asa Dudley, William Bullen, Samuel H. Patchin, Isaac H. Ketchum, Thomas Skelton, Elihu Gifford, Huet H. Bronson, Josiah Bidwell, Job Perkins, Palmer Ketchum, Orson Titus, Alpheus Loomis, B. R. Sykes, Alvah Worster, Eliab Scott, John W. Buck, John Watson, Abram Watson, Truman Burroughs, Isaac E. Hull, B. N. Hin­ man, R. M. Rogers, Dr. William J. Acker (father of Dr. Dillon F.), B. P. Farnham, Henry Wheeler, John F. Byrne (father of Andrew J. and Bradford F.), Samuel Sanders, Elijah L. Orms­ by, Osburn Purce, James D. Curtis, John P. Storms, Mr. Bradt (father of A. N. Bradt), Zenas Haven, Cephas Weed, Mason Pierce, Josiah I(ing, E. C. Van Auken (for several years pro­ prietor of the hotel at Hannibal), Andrew W. Foster, Sidney Hulett and many others.

14 Can You Remember When-

ANNIBAL had a mail and stagecoach route from Hannibal H to Fulton in 1878 operated by John Merritt and in 1881 by William Gifford? There was a bank in town? Twenty-three sawmills were in operation? There was a tannery situated near the village line near Mrs. Eva Lockwood's present residence? (Dunham's tannery.) William Clark kept a blacksmith shop where the Cato­ Meridian Telephone Company's new building now stands? Frank Engle had a blacksmith shop where Frank Hewitt's service station now stands? The apple drier was operating on Frank Draper's present property? The old Hannibal High School stood on the site of Gault's service station? Hannibal was an underground station for helping slaves to escape into Canada? The Brewster house and barn was a sta-­ tion and is now owned by Maynard Gardner. The old grist mill was built on Mill Street? We had an 11 o'clock flyer, six passenger trains and 15 freight trains running daily over the R. W. & 0. railroad, a branch of the New York Central? Peter McFarland lost his hand while working on the rail-­ road? Ed Wheeler operated daily mail and passenger service from the railroad station to the village? Farnham and Lockwood had a large farm machinery, wagon and harness store where Van Patten's Atlantic station is now situated? The glove factory burned? The Hannibal "News and Reveille" was printed by Nicholas Brower and son Burt in the basement of what was called the new town hall where Umbeck's garage now stands? There was a big tannery back of William Gault's residence? One hundred fifty people would skate on the mill pond and watch Fred Babcock's fancy figure skating? Roller skating was a popular diversion in the building occu­ pied by Bradt's feed store where Umbeck's gas station now stands? The former building was built by Hall and Archer. The village band stand built by Wadsworth J. Brewster stood 15 between Maynard Gardner's and Kenneth Tyler's residences? Dillabaugh's barber shop was located in the north end of Harvey Hall's grocery store, formerly operated by \Villiam Pryor? The Ku Klux Klan used the Methodist Church for a big session when Rev. Harold Swales was a supply pastor? (Rev. Swales had no connection whatever with the Klan.) Bert McComb€r, the magician with long flowing hair, was a former resident of Hannibal and a member of the Masonic 1 Lodge? • Fire destroyed on Feb. 10, 1924, two business blocks owned by Mrs. Ada Van Auken, destroying Hammond's jewelry store, Henry Cornue's dry goods store and H. A. Andrews' undertak­ ing shop? Damage was $20,000 with $4,000 insurance on the buildings. The fire was discovered by Henry Tyler, Julius Knapp, Raymond Crofoot and William Shutts. Chester Travis ran bus lines from Hannibal to Oswego over the old former plank road which was first opened to traffic in 1817? Helen Petrie, daughter of Undertaker Charles E. Petrie, drowned near the village in Nine Mile creek on Feb. 22, 1933? Professor Amos W. Farnham of North Hannibal was a fac­ ulty member of Oswego State Normal and Training School from 1894-1913? The present Alice Chamberlain house was formerly a barn with a lean-to on it. It was purchased for $400 of Jonathan Terhune who always wore a stove pipe hat and carried a cane. He was a very small man. The house where Otis Sennett now lives was once a harness shop in 1884? It was owned and operated by Deacon Lazelere.

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South side of the ,·Ulage 111quare taken fn the 1890'H. 16 The first frame barn in the town of Hannibal was known as the Wilson farm and later occupied by Harvey Wheeler. It had pinned rafters and unusually wide boards. George Burt and James Rogers had a hardware and general store on the site of the present Atlantic service station? Squire Barrett had a law off ice in the north side of the Burt and Rogers store? Job Williams had a saw mill just north of the old flour mill? There was a two-room brick schoolhouse on the site of the former Judson Stevenson house and that of Clarence Umbeck? Lemuel Storms lived where Robert McCarthy now resides? Dr. Boyd's office was where Mrs. Alice Chamberlain's house is now? Twice a week immigrants, mostly Swedish, passed through Hannibal on their way West? Elmer Albring and George White were killed on the rail­ road? Bicycling was a craze in Hannibal in 1895? The post office vvas located where Maynard Gardner's drug store is now and Washington Burt was postmaster? Dr. G. V. Emens built the house where Vern Cooper now lives and had his office there?

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'1"11is 1,ic•ture Mhcnn,c tl1e (•ornc•r non· c,ec•u1,ied hy r111hec•k'M Ser,·ic•e Stntio11. 'I'lu.- c•e ► r1u•r huilclinµ; housc•cl Hh•nzo Hrncl1's t'c•c-cl :nul lu1rdwnrc• stort•s :nacl the• .J:nnt•M Hn,·c•n hnrl,c•r sho1,. •ro the south, the stort• "·ith the n"·ninµ; "·as I. E. lh1rNh'"' t'urniture store nnd 1uaclt•rtnki11µ; estnlalhdamc-nt. ha the nc•xt s1ort• WUN ;llrM. Prnnk 1.ittlt•'"' ic•t• ~rt•:1111 11:1rlor. ::\c•xt to that ""UM tlae llufuN lhty (.'nsh (~ro~er,·. n·hile tl1c• Inst Mfore ""UM 01,erntecl by ::UINM: J,·n ,vuNOll ( \':111 Fh•et ► ns a naillhu•ry ,-.hoJt. ~otl• tht• n·oocle·n hltc-l1ing 110Mt thiK Mide of the Ntort• ·with the n"·ninµ;. 'rhe naen nt the- right ha the 1aletnre are, front left to rh(lat: Alc•:unuler )lorrell, Alht•rt11N l<"roNt. Grunt '\\'IINon, Cluren(•e Phu•e (Mlttlng), ~nth:an Green. HIiiy Stt.•,·enH and JuliuH K1u11•1•- 'l'hlM build­ In~ ut rl~ht WIIH rn:r.ed In 11):Jl, 17 ~ co

A friemlly gnme of <>nrtls hein~ 1,lnye(l in Frnnk Duy•s hnrber sho1, wl1il'h wnH lol'ntetl on the Mel'ou(l story of the l'UntteHon hlot•k. now occuuied by the new Mnsonlf' building. Left to right (buck) stnnding-\\·illlnm 'l''hom1um11. Thomas Thom11son, Peter l'UeFarlnnd. Pln:,-ers (left to right) Peurl Sturge. Walter C. ~lutte-Hon, .Julius li.1rn1,1,, AuguHtUN Eldridge. A cheese box factory owned by Mr. Dada was located north of the present Charles Kranze residence? Deacon Matteson had a ten-man cooper shop back of the brickyard near Raymond Cooper's present residence? Hannibal had a bakery managed by Frank Hill? Weekly movies were shown over William Shutts' present restaurant? William Russell kept a barber shop upstairs over Walter l\llatteson's store, now the site of the new Masonic building? Some of the first automobile owners in Hannibal were Leon Porter, Harry Powers, Julius Rhoades and Archibald Guthrie? A laundry was operated by Forsythe brothers where Frank Hewitt now lives? Melzar Van Auken played on the Peekskill Military Acad­ emy baseball team in 1898? Harvey Althouse and his son, Burr, ran the cooper shop on Mill Street, now owned by Frank Draper? Lloyd Cooper kept a drug store where Bill Shutts' restaurant is now located? Mr. Cooper erected the building. Leonard's store was located where John Cox formerly had his dry goods store? The building is now owned by William Shutts. This whole block burned about 1880. The fire started after the safe in Leonard's store was blown up. Cox and Rice kept the store where John Matson is now located?

X hu• n, lie c·rl•l•k In "·lntt•r nt the ,dnrt of tlu• Ice hnr,·eNtln,r; ,cen111on. At the right Nhnads 001.• of Hnnnlhnl"N fnmou.,. rt•,ddl•1u.•e14 no"· o,,·1u.•d h:t· :lln. ~lilton .J •.ll:a rsh. Ph•h1re IN hl•lit•, ed to hu ,·e ht•l•n tu ken In the lSUO'N. 19 James Haven had a barber shop in the south end of Bradt's feed store? The post office stood where Scott's store is now located? Theodore Ball was drowned at the Fulton bridge when his car left the road and Mrs. Ball was rescued from the water by Francis Green? A pea vinery, operated on land on the south bank of the creek near the Fulton bridge? Mark Minar had a drug store where Maynard Gardner's store is now located? Coffins were made by Gilman Davis' father where the At­ lantic station now stands? Orville Wiltsie taught at the Stone schoolhouse in 1878-1880? The church bell tolled 10 times for a man's death and nine times for a woman's death and then tolled the age of the de­ ceased by intervals of 10 strokes? There was an opera hall over Burt's boot and shoe store? Chestnut trees were growing at Martha Jane Byington's, E. W. Rice's, the Morehouse farm, and by the Fulton bridge? Pat O'Mara had a blacksmith shop a short distance east of the Fulton bridge on the south side? James Rogers built Clarence Umbeck's residence and Robert M. Rogers, Jr., built Mrs. Sarah Marsh's residence about 75 years ago? Rensselaer Matteson had a brick yard where Clive Mead now owns? Most of the brick houses in Hannibal were built from brick manufactured here. Brick was also shipped away. Kit O'Mara was operator at the Hannibal depot in 1882? Harrison Matteson had a wagon shop where Frank Hewitt's house now stands?

Down by the "Old ~1111 Streana nud Dnm.'' lmllt In 1907. 20 William Teague had a shop in which he did fancy iron work back of the garage now owned by Frank Hewitt? D. P. Johnson built the house now owned by Clive Mead and ran a blacksmith shop where Hewitt's garage now stands? William Baxter had a blacksmith shop where John Matson's store is now? There was a whiskey still in town which distilled alcohol from potatoes? A. B. Worster kept a harness shop where Fred Shutts now resides?

21 Han11ihal M·an F ot111der of K enosl1a, Wisco11si11

The Western Emigration Company OHN BULLEN, Sr., prominent citizen and leader in the J Presbyterian Church and Masonic Lodge of Hannibal, ,vas instrumental in bringing about the settlement of the midwes­ tern city. The circumstances that led to the birth of Kenosha, Wisconsin, took place in Hannibal, Oswego county, New York, in the month of Decem­ ber, 1834. A group of persons who were acquainted with the accounts of travelers such as Schoolcraft and who had expressed more than a casual interest in the West were invited to supper at the home of John Bullen, Sr. Included among the guests were Charles Turner, Waters Towslee, James Scott, Dr. B. B. Cary, Rev. Jason Lothrop, Hudson Bacon, Rev. Peter Woodin, Alfred Foster, Orlando Foster, William Bullen, George Bennett and Sydney Roberts. As the tales gleaned by various guests were unfolded, the group visioned a glowing panorama of beautiful, rolling prairies, fertile soil and bright sunny skies, and the thought of emigration took definite form. As the enthusiams of the party grew, a plan was formed for the organization of an exploratory group which would settle a colony in some selected spot in the Great Lakes country. The venture was to be conducted on a profit sharing basis. with all gains and losses to be absorbed by members of the com­ pany. Invited Cooperation In order to spread out the financial burden and at the same time to give all possible pecuniary strength to the venture, it was agreed to hold a public meeting, at which time the cooperation of all interested citizens of Hannibal ·would be invited. At the latter gathering, held in the Masonic hall (second story of the Presbyterian meeting house, a building jointly owned by the Presbyterians and Masons) a con­ stitution drafted by Rev. Jason Lothrop was presented and discussed by the throng which attended. Late in the winter presumably during the latter part of February, 1835, an organization was perfected and the name "The Western Emigration Company" was assumed. The Rev. Peter Woodin, a Baptist clergyman of Hannibal, was chairman and John Bullen, Sr., was named secretary. The constitution outlined a plan for raising a capital of $8,000 by subscriptions of $10 each. With these funds a suitable site for a town was to be purchased in the West, and investors were to profit from the increase in land values when the settlement grew. Men and women of all ages and stations, and even unmarried women employed as servants in the homes of Hannibal, culled enough from their meager savings to become shareholders, either in the hope of moving west or realizing enormous profits fro1n the sale of their yet un-owned land. Sufficient 22 funds were raised so that an exploratory committee composed of Waters Towslee, C. W. Turner and Sydney Roberts was appointed as the advance guard to stake out a suitable claim in the name of the Western Emigration company. They left Hannibal March 25, 1835. As soon as word reached Hannibal and its environs that a claim had been staked, the stockholders began making preparations to move. One group reached Kenosha (then Pikes Creek) on June 21, 1835, arriving in two wagons, one drawn by a span of horses and the other by a yoke of oxen. Members of this party included Mrs. Gardner Wilson, Jon­ athon Pierce, Orrin Stevens and Nelson Gatliff. During the summer and fall 15 families, mostly from Hannibal, arrived in the new settle­ ment. Others who followed included Waters Towslee, J. G. Wilson, David Crosit, David Doolittle, Hudson Bacon, Amos Grattan, Samuel Resique and Michael Van DeBogart. These together with the mem­ bers of their families, comprised a population of 32 persons which re­ sided there during the first winter of 1835-36. Effect in Hannibal From 1835 to 1850, the membership of the Hannibal Presbyterian church constantlv dwindled until there were but 85 names on the roll. This decline was~ largely due to removals to the west. Whole families were dismissed together, as many as nine letters being granted at one meeting of the session. Some of these letters refer to specific places, as Detroit or Rochester, others are more general as to "Ohio" or "to the far west." Another story would tell of the pioneering days, settlement and growing of the site to the Kenosha, Wisconsin, of today with its 50,000 population and many industries. How large dividends were ever de­ clared is not known. But the "Western Emigration Company" went west and settled the country in true "covered wagon" style. The wo­ men as well as the men made their impression on the new west.

23 Railroads

RIOR to railroad building the completion of the Oswego P Canal in 1828 had considerable effect upon the growth and prosperity of the town. The construction of the Lake Shore division of the R. W. & 0. through Hannibal village in the early 1870's was of benefit to the town. To aid the railroad the town was bonded for $60,000. The railroad commissioners were Levi Brackett and H. M. Barrett. In the early 1870's the first train of flat cars on the Lake Shore Ontario Railroad, now the R. W. & 0. branch of the New York Central, left Oswego for Wolcott as Mrs. Alice Chamber­ lain remembers the incident. The engine and cars were trimmed with evergreen and it was indeed a gala day in Han­ nibal with most of the townspeople turning out for this epoch­ making event. The conductor was Harvey Smith, an uncle of Mrs. Chamberlain, William Bigham, engineer, Robert Jones, fireman, and Peter B. Mooney, all of Oswego, making up the crew. Wolcott at that time was the western terminus of this road. The snow was very deep-it falling to a depth of 20 inches within a very short time. There was no wind. Four-foot cord wood was used to fire the engine; wood was used to heat the coaches; candles were used in lighting the coaches. The water was passed to the passengers, there being no water tanks in the cars to hold drinking water for the passengers. The engines \Vere not equipped with side or back curtains on cab of engine -nor no lap boards between engine and tank. To oil steam chest and cylinders, man had to go on running board from windows while train was moving at rate of 30 miles per hour or better. Oh, what a winter, what snow and what hardships train crews put up with in those days! In 1878 Gordon Ball of Fulton surveyed for a proposed rail­ road between Hannibal and Fulton. It was to have been a branch of the new contemplated Boston, Hoosic Tunnel and Western Railroad, which was to extend from Boston to the West. It was to connect with the Midland at North Bay, branching off from that road at a point about a mile south of this village. At Hannibal it was to have connected with the Lake Shore road. This project from Fulton to Hannibal never materialized. Before trucks, transports and cars reduced the freight and 24 passenger traffic through Hannibal to a mere trickle, there was much shipping and hauling over the railroad. Some of the older generation can remember when there were seven pas­ senger trains and from 10 to 15 freight trains daily. Three freight trains have been in sight at one time, one eastbound waiting in the cut, another at the station and a westbound in the cut waiting for clearance by the train dispatcher. Carloads of dairy products, fruits, bricks, barrels, and cheese boxes pro­ duced in Hannibal were shipped to markets. However, there were numerous wrecks in the earlier days and the state required the railroads to run trains a station apart. There were several wrecks at or near Hannibal. One occurred just east of the depot with the fireman being badly burned. Another happened just east of the wooden trestle when 17 or 18 cars of a freight train piled up, vvith one car being thrown over into a big coal pile near the siding. The wreck was caused by a drawbar dropping down on the track under the wheels. Still another wreck occurred at Red Cut back of Eli P. Barrett's residence where Ray Stock now lives. It was called Red Cut because of the red dirt found there. The Lehigh Valley train with Engi­ neer Bates was enroute from Auburn to Oswego. The Oswego engineer, Slattery, was supposed to stop at Furniss, but failed to do so because he fell asleep at the throttle-so the story goes. The light engine which he was piloting crashed head-on into the passenger train and Slattery was killed when the engine throttle drove through his body. In those days, however, (60 years ago) trainmen warked 24 hours a day, seven days a wee~, so it is no wonder that they were completely exhausted. Some engineers had only three hours sleep before being called out again. Almost any time of day one could see and hear the rumbling of the stage leaving for the depot. There was the crack of the long whip and the horses were off with the coach dog leading the way. Edward Wheeler drove the stage fron1 the Hannibal Hotel for 50 years, meeting all trains on schedule. He also carried on a freight carting business, delivering from the depot to merchants of the town. Hauling charges were four cents per hundred pounds. Traveling salesmen in large numbers stayed over nigp.t at the hotel which did a thriving business with horses for hire to enable the salesmen and drummers to reach their customers all over the vicinity. In the summer things ran smoothly enough except for the boys who would steal or catch rides on the stage, sitting on the rear steps. This, of course, was a dangerous practice and might have resulted in serious injury to the boys. In the winter, when snow was deep and the air cold and frosty, the trains would be late and tedious hours of waiting resulted. Then the stage driver really earned his money twice over. Trains have been 24 hours late, and one train was stuck for 10 days by the depo_t 25 in the deep snow. During one of these severe winters a train was stuck near Wallington and a crew of men from Hannibal was sent up there to help free the marooned train. John Carter was section foreman of the Hannibal gang. There were three engines on the passenger train and two on the rotary. Much snow had to be shoveled by hand after the rotary pushed away as much as it could. Two of the Hannibal men were Harvey Wheeler and Arthur Parker. They say that they never realized how much snow it took to make water until they had shoveled enough into the engine tank to provide water for steam. This blockade occurred in 1895, three years prior to the Spanish­ American War. They shoveled snow for 24 hours with only a cup of coffee and a ginger snap to eat and no rest. Another train was stuck near Ward Wiltse's warehouse 52 years ago, the winter of 1897-98. George Washington, a Negro resident of Hannibal, worked to help release this train and when they were done, he was just as white as any of the other workers. One of the thrills of a lifetime for Hannibal boys was going down to the depot to see the 11 o'clock flyer go east from Char­ lotte. The flyer went west at 4:30 in the morning and stopped only when flagged. The most advantageous spot from which to watch the passage of the train, and probably the most dan­ gerous, was the top of the box cars standing on the siding. The flyer was usually right on time and sped down the shining rails at 65 to 70 miles an hour. It was only a minute or two after the sound of the whistle .that the excited cry went up, "There she comes!" and every boy was tense as the train tore down through amid a cloud of dust, smoke and noise. There seemed to be only a flash and the flyer had gone. Immediate plans were made by the gang to see her go through the next

.. _::~J~~- "f,".._ •

Thbc "·reek oeeurred juHt e:1Ht of ,,·urd ,,·ntNle'H "·nrehouHe In the 1890'"· No one "'UM killed. 26 day. Stories were exchanged about the suction of the train on the box car spectators. Some claimed a feeling of dizziness and fear of being drawn from the vantage point down under the wheels of the onrushing train. However, I recall no casualties to the gang which was n1ade up at one time or another of the Engle boys, Ray, Coe and Karl, Gilbert and Bill Shutts, George Minar, Stanley Burt, Willis Kenyon, Roland, Harold and Leon (Dutch) Wheeler, Francis Green, Reginald Knapp, John Brod­ erick, Stewart Guthrie, lv1ahlon Matteson, Gordon Sturge and others. Every boy all over the country has at one time or an­ other put car seals and pennies on the track to see what happens when the train runs over them. The above gang were no exception and found that it certainly flattened them in those busy bygone days. There have been several accidents on this railroad. James Pollock was killed when struck by an engine as he walked along the track near the depot. Elmer Al bring, Mrs. Gaynelle Bartholomew's father, also met death on the railroad. Abraham Doxtater was another victim. A lady and her daughter were killed when their car was struck by a train at the crossing where the overhead is now located. This accident had much influence on the building of the overhead. Many railroad workers from Hannibal lost hands and arms or were injured while employed by the rail­ road. MARONEY TRAGEDY October 22. 1923 It was a beautiful autumn day when one of the worst accidents ever to occur in Hannibal and one which Henry Wiltse, Betty Wiltse, his sister, and Verner Cox will remember the rest of their days. John Maroney and his sister Catherine were on their way to school as were the other above mentioned children. As was their habit each morning, both groups of young people would race their horses to see who would be first to Gilbert's railroad cross­ ing, located a little over a mile west of the village of Hannibal. (This was also called Hart's crossing.) Henry was coming down the Wiltse­ ville road and John down the Crandell road past the farm now oc­ cupied by Harry Cummins and family. In 1923 Hannibal still had several passenger trains serving it, and this train was due at the station somewhere around 8:30 a. m. As both groups were racing toward the crossing, Henry and Verner saw the east bound passenger thundering toward the crossing, and all in his car­ riage tried in vain to shout and gesture warnings to John and Cather­ ine, but, in the excitement of the race, the warnings were not noticed by the Maroney children. No warning whistle was heard by Henry or his group but it may have blown. As the passenger train approach­ ed the crossing, which was located farther east of its present site, the barn on the Charles McMillen place obscured the view of the inevitable crash which followed, killing both children and the horse. The bodies and wreckage were carried about 300 feet and the train went about 500 feet before being halted. Classmates and friends of the Maroneys were 27 shocked by the fatal tragedy and Principal Lockwood closed school. A pall of gloom hung over this section long after the fatal accident. 1910 New York Central Passenger Train Time Table Summer Schedule West- 6.44 A. M. East-8.45 A. M. 12.57 P. M. 1.11 P. M. 5.20 P. M. 6.45 P. M. 8.45 P. M. Sunday Sunday West-9.08 A. M. East-8.35 P. M. The following agents have served the Hannibal station: Lin­ coln Stopellben, 1905-1938; Harold Anderson, 1940-1942; John Clancy, 1942-1949.

28 Old Industries and Businesses

Brewster's Store (Masonic Block) N 1836, Hastings Bullen, an early Hannibal merchant, was I succeeded by S. W. Bre,vster and George Deming. In the same year Norman Titus opened a store on the Brewster site but closed out business in 1837. S. W. Brewster soon became sole proprietor and continued until 1869, then he took his son, W. J. Brewster, into partnership under the firm name of S. W. Brewster & Son. The elder Brewster died in 1882 and was succeeded by Mr. and Mrs. W. J. Brewster as W. J. Brewster & Co. This store was one of the oldest, largest, and most success­ ful stores in the country. It bore a close resemblance to the mammoth establishments of the big cities, occupying a three­ story brick building containing a spacious public hall, drug and jewelry stores, a large banking and exchange business. In short, this store handled just about everything needed by human beings in order to live. Groceries, boots and shoes, dry goods, lamps, school books and many other lines were sold. The following is an account of the store in 1884: It is with pride as well as pleasure that the people in this vicinity know that the efforts of that firm to keep in stock everything that is needed by the people in this section of the country, and their efforts have been so well appreciated that their business has increased to that extent that it has become absolutely necessary to have more room to display their varied and increasing stock than is now afforded by the large store now occupied by them. To meet this want, they have com­ menced the erection of a new brick store adjoining the one now oc­ cupied by them, which will be completed, and occupied by the firm early in the fall. That the reader may form an idea of this addition to the present store, we have been enabled to get the particulars of the improvement contemplated by the firm. The size of the addition will be 22 feet front and 65 feet deep; in height 30 feet. The front windows and doors will be of French heavy plate glass; the walls on the first floor are to be 12 feet high; three large windows in the rear end, which will materially lighten up the store; two and perhaps three arched open­ ings v.:ill connect the old store with the new one on the ground floor. The second floor will be reached by an easy stairway from the south end of the first floor. This room also will be well lighted by large win­ dows in the front and rear. The east side of the first floor will be occupied as the jewelry de­ partment, sewing machines, organs, &c.: the west side will be the drug department, and will be a first-class drug store in every respect, and will be in charge of a skillful druggist; school books and stationery of which an increased stock will be kept, will occupy a portion of the west side; the south end will be devoted to crockery, glass ware, lamps 29 ..

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30 &c. The second floor will be the carpet department in which a large stock of carpets of all grades, oil cloths, rugs, window shades and fix­ tures &c., will be kept. The rooms now occupied for drugs, jewelry, boots and shoes, will be made in one commodious room which will be the grocery department, and will in itself be a first-class grocery store. We have no hesitancy in saying, that when the improvements have been completed, which will be early in the fall, Hannibal will have the best appointed general store in Northern New York. In connection with these improvements there will be an addition to the firm in the person of our old townsman, William H. Wiggins, who in former days was associated with the late S. W. Brewster in business in this village. Mr. Wiggins will take the entire supervision of one or two departments of the establishment. The General Store Two other outstanding general stores in Central New York was that of Alvah Worster & Son and one kept by Brewster & Wiggins in 1867 in the town. Some of the items carried in stock were: Crockery, stoves, boots and shoes, windovv shades, guns and revolvers, wines, liquors (for medical and mechanical uses), dry goods and groceries, merinoes, empress cloths, bro­ cade poplins, M. De Laines, alpacas, Yankee notions, breakfast shawls and capes, Buffalo robes, ladies' vests and drawers, black silks, hardware, drugs and medicines, paints, oil, brushes, park, fish, nails, Balmoral and hoop skirts. The Old Cooper Shop and Dry House The building shown was formerly an old cooper shop and stood close to the west bank of Nine Mile Creek back of Ray­ mond Cooper's present residence on land no-\v owned by Clive Mead. Records lead us to believe that a barrel and stave fac­ tory was built in 1866 by Andrew Beecher and William R. Cox. It is said by older inhabitants that during the height of barrel manufacture in the town that a man stood at each window on each side of the building (14 in all) and worked constantly. The barrels were used for flour and packing apples. Another cooper shop built and designed in the same style is the one now owned by Frank Draper on Mill Street and operated as a machine shop at the present time. Around 1890 the Clausen brothers, Lewis and Charles, be­ came proprietors of the building and conducted an apple drying house for about 10 years. The power was furnished by steam and the door at the left in the picture opened directly into the boiler room. Crates of apples were drawn up the incline shown at the right by a windlass where they were dumped into bins upstairs. Gravity sent them down to the lower floor to the paring machines. The dried apples were shipped in bags and boxes. The Old Grist Mill and Dam There seems to be uncertainty as to the earliest beginning of 31 the old.mill on Mill Street, so named because of the early mill located west of the one recently torn down. It was purchased by Raymond Scott in 1942, and torn down by Kenneth Upcraft in 1944. However, it is known that a grist mill was owned at an early date by members of the Bullen family who sold it to Otis Skinner. 1i'he latter was succeeded by his son-in-law, J. Z. Smith, who was follo\ved by Williams and Mizen, Albert Wil­ ~iams, Jean, James and C. S. Chamberlain. The Chamberlain brothers had been opera ting a roller mill, formerly a tannery, located back of the present William Gault residence on Church Street. They removed some of the machinery from the roller mill and placed it in the mill at the creek, operating it for some time using water and steam for power. There was also at one time a saw mill connected with it. C. S. and J. R. Chamberlain converted it into a butter factory and leased it to a stock com­ pany. In the early 1890's, Mr. Brinkerhoff also ran a butter factory in this building. The late William Byrne and Harvey Wheeler were both employed there about 52 years ago, reckon­ ing time back from 1948. Later on John McFarland purchased the mill and water right privileges. James R. Chamberlain vvas manager for him for many years. The present dam was constructed in 1907. The mill discontinued business some years ago. Thus another old familiar landmark of Hannibal has van­ ished and leaves us thinking about the good old days.

lnNldt.• u 1mrt of BrewHtcr'M faniouH Mtor.._.. Left to right-Ell Van Auken and Fred Xmch. 32 The village of Hannibal has recently purchased the dam and land adjacent to it on the west side and it is hoped that it will be made into an ornamental and recreational park instead of an unsightly dumping ground for village rubbish. Early Hannibal Industries and Directory in 1866-67 (Areas of North and South Hannibal. Fairdale, Kinney•s Corners. Hannibal and Hannibal Center) Blacksmiths-George A. Leonard, David E. Johnson, Jacob N. Blaks­ lee, Jared Blakslee, Silas Withy, Philo Munnagin, George Smith, John Howland, Samuel D. Wakely. Boots and Shoes-Charles Ware, Daniel Northrup, Frederic Billhadt, Peter Dillabaugh, Francis Neville, lanthus P. Sykes, James Gardner, Henry James, William Moshier. Butchers-Samuel B. Allen, Harry Clark, Oscar Barrus, Frederick C. Kyle, Lewis Kyle, Lewis Wilbur, Myron Burt, William Canada, Rob­ ert Geering, Frank Gibson, George Nippee, Daniel Stevens, Joseph B. Van Petten. Carpenters-Benjan1in P. Farnham, William Bradt, Albert B. Wheel­ er, Nathan Day, Eben Cooley, Abijah R. Schoonmaker, Ed\vard C., Charles and Luther Hannum, John Knowlton, Delauna Marshall, Wil­ liam Simmons. Carriage Makers-Jacob N. Blakslee, Jared Blakslee, Nathaniel Parks, Harrison Matteson, Lewis Brown, George Van Petten. Constable-John W. Buck, Amasa Kinney, James M. Knowlton. Coopers-Jehial Blodgett, Rensselaer Matteson, Myron L. Ormsby, Albert Gurnsey, Green Parsons, Nelson Eber, Norman Simmons. Dress Makers and 1\1:illiners-Helen Earl, Marilla Hatch, Elsie and Lina Van Patten, Charlotte Van Patten, Mrs. Jennie Stevens, Mary Cleveland. Grocery-Orlando Kinney, Ianthus P. Sykes, Samuel B. Allen. Lawyer-David D. Metcalf, Nicholas B. Brower. Saw Mills-Jehial Blodgett, Alanson Blodgett, Job Williams, John P. Shaff, Frederick Wiltse, Alanson Gifford, John Macray, Zenas Wil­ liamson, Sidney Hulett. Yankee Notions-Dennis P. Broderick. Axe-Helve Manufacture-Leonard W. Osborn. Butter and Produce-Barrus & Curtis, Giles C. Barrus, James B. Curtis. Cheese Box Manufacture-Walker Dada. Dentist-George V. Emens. Livestock Dealer-Samuel Stevenson. Stone and Brick Masons-Rufus M. Cooley, L. C. Adkins, David Crysler, Amos & Benjamin Darling, Edwin Earl. Milk Dealer-Norman Titus. Planing Mill-William R. Cox. Sewing Machines-1'/Ioses A. Dumass, Hale Worster. Stage Route-Sterling, Hannibal and Fulton daily each way. Music Teachers-Mrs. Beadle, Maggie Hubbard. Hair Dresser-Augustus Lester. Painters (House and Sign)-August Billhadt, Cyrus Burns, George Van Petten. Photographer-Hiram Woodruff. Physicians-Willian1 J. Acker, Edwin H. Boyd, Alfred Rice, John Wiltse, R. N. Cooley. Stave Factory--\Villiam R. Cox (1866), Andrew Beecher, Jehial Blod­ gett. Supervisor-Carson Wiltse. Turner of W ood-C. Amos Reed. 33 Tanneries-Corydon S. Chamberlain, H. Dunham & Son, William E. Dikeman. Tin Smiths-William R. and J. A. Cox, Martin Pierce. Town Clerk-Stephen M. Titus. Undertaker-Stephen M. Titus. Veterinary Surgeon-Thomas Harvey, Walter Sanders. Broom Manufacture-Albert Gurnsey. Bee Hive Manufacture-Eben Cooley, Charles Hannum. Auctioneer-Roswell Lane. Clergymen-Rev. S. 0. Barnes (Meth.), Rev. Judson Davis (Bap.), Rev. John N. Hubbard (Cong.), Rev. Daniel D. Davis. Cloth Dressing-Sy1 vester Ketcham. Ready Made Clothing and Tailor-James W. Burt. Tax Collector-Rufus S. Byington. Fanning Mills-Walker Dada. Flax Mill-Hilon Young. Furniture Dealer-Stephen M. Titus. Grist Mill-Thomas and Albert Williams, Charles Rogers. Livery Stable-Myron A. Barrus and George Davis. General Ivlerchan1s-Silas W. Bre\"\rster, vv"illiam R. and John A. Cox, Alvah and Alfred Worster, William Brackett, Isaac and Watson Brackett, John Shaff. Hannibal Peat Co.-A. B. Brower and P. Brower, George V. Emens, D. D. Storms, G. Miller, C. S. Chamberlain, L. Worster. Hardware-Martin Pierce. Harness and Trunks-Martin Lazelere, John Stephens. Hotel-Eli C. Van Auken (prop.), Brackett Brothers (Proprietor of the Croton House). Insurance-Henry M. Barrett, George V. Emens. Jewelry and Watches-George V. and William J. Emens. Harness Makers-Hubert Dickinson, Samuel Moshier, Reuben Scott. Justices of the Peace-Levi Brackett, Benjamin F. Gifford, Henry M. Barrett, John A. Cox. Iron Founder-Phillip Dutcher. Painter and Glacier-James Macray. Shingle Mill-C. Amos Reed, Jeremiah J. Reed. Sorghum Syrup and Apple Jelly Manufacture-Jeremiah J. Reed. Surveyor-Benjamin F. Gifford. Cider and Vinegar Manufacture-Timothy Deming & Son (George). Nurseryman-Daniel Stevens. Millwright-Delauna Marshall. Printer-George V. Emens. Industries of Hannibal (Past and Present) Banking-Brewster's Banking House. Boots and Shoes-John Loughrey (1878), Nims & Leete (1879). Machine Shop and Repair Work-Frank Draper, Leon Snyder, Vic- tor Dennison. Bakery-Frank Hili, Mr. Smith. Cato-Meridian Telephone Co. Mink Farms-Kenneth Hall, Eugene Fresch. Marble Works-J. B. Paddock (1878). Saddle Shop-Francis Scanlon. Commission Merchants and Cattle-J. B. Curtis, Charles Cooper and Wayne Kyle, Daniel Cooper, Benjamin DiBello, Daniel DiBello, John L. Clark, Matson & Wiltse, Amos Cowles. Auctioneering-John DiBello. Contractors and Carpenters-Harry Cole, Arthur Sidman, Howard Cole, Edward Brown, Ward Adamy. Dog Kennels-Mrs. Fred Schulz, Mr. and Mrs. Charles McMillen. Bulldozer Custom Work-Andrew Dulin. 34 w t11

ThlH JJl<>ture shows tht• hnrclnnrt• store nlu-n it wns kt•J•t 1,y John '-~ Pett• Jlc.•F:tl'l:uul. lt wnH lah•r uutnngetl by ,v1111nu1 n1ul 1,·n Ynn l◄'let-t ·who sol•I it to :\ nthon)· ,,. t•st.-rm:111 who now (•nra•it•N on t'he Jnu,,hu•ss. Gus n·nH used for liA·htlng. X ote old "·nHhiug 111nchlne iuul the 1>ho11og·1·n1•l1. Ju tlu- 1>h•t11re (1.-ft to riglat)-Jolna ,v. (lh1b) ltfeFnrl:md, .Jolm ( !iiibiue) Hrnekett, Hnn·ey Perk­ ins, Peter lUeFarlnnd. Furnace Installation-Archie J. Gray. Seed Beans and Fertilizer, Threshing and Trucking, Bean Buyer­ Curtiss Cooper. Grist Mills-Bullens, Otis Skinner, J. Z. Smith, Williams & Mizen, C. S. Chamberlain & Son, James Chamberlain, Ralph Rogers, John Mc­ Farland. ranneries-Thomas Shelton (1822), Jonathon Brill. Foundries-John W. Jackson (1882) (all kinds of farm implements), Jackson and Shutt~ (1884), W. E. Dykeman (Hannibal Center). Coal, Feed and 'Seeds-John A. Cox (1882) in Union Hall block. Manufacturing (Cheese and Butter)-Fred N. Palmer, Fred W. Palmer, E. S. Tallman (northeastern part of town), Ezra B. Tucker & Son. Milk Station-Sodus Creamery. Tavern Keepers-Samuel Phelps (1836), James H. Horton, Levi Stevens, Giles C. Barrus, Norman Titus, George A. Leonard, Richard VanAuken, Fred Jerrett, Charlie Bothwell, Mr. and Mrs. Carroll Murff, James Washington Burt, Henry M. Cornue, D. C. VanAuken, William Earle, James Patrick, Mr. Clark, Peter Powell, Stowell Hutchins, John Hoff. Samuel Wiggins, Frank Pellett, James Jackson, Richard Keefe and Walter Glusczyk, (partners). Restaurants-Mrs. Frank Little, Marinda Cooper, William Shutts, The Marion. Furniture-A. S. Guthrie (1882) \.vhere Earl Van Patten's gas station now is, J. B. Williams, I. E. Marsh, Marsh and Petrie, Millard Mott. Undertakers-Archibald S. Guthrie (1882-where Earl Van Patten's gas station now is), Stewart Guthrie, Job Williams (1878), I. E. Marsh, Petrie and Archer, Charles Petrie. Millinery-Mrs. H. Smith, Ellen Grey, Iva Wilson Van Fleet. Poultry-H. B. Douglas, B. R. Bothwell, Blaine L. Welling. Farm Implements Dealers-John Brackett, Farnham & Lockwood, Leon Snyder (Dexterville), Gault Chevrolet, Hubert C. Rogers. Lawyers-Elwin L. Gardner, H. M. Barrett (1882), D. J. VanAuken Sr. Publishers and Printers-N. B. and C. B. Brower (1882), Stewart Guthrie. Doctors and Surgeons-F. S. Tillapaugh, H. L. Drury, Alfred Rice, Milton J. Marsh, D. F. Acker, William B. Acker, Cyrus Havens, Dr. Paul Chapin, Benjamin Seidenburg, John Kalamarides, Frank Cooley (Hannibal Center), Leon Cooley. Dentists-George Hemingway. General Store-George A. Leonard. Jewelry Store-C. P. Almroth. Lumbe·r-J. A. Cox and Co., John Matson, Charles A. Cox. Greenhouse-Travis Greenhouse. Blacksmiths-Luman Pinkney, Patrick O'Mara, William Mayer, William Clark, Frank Engle, Thomas Thompson, Judson Kellogg Sr., Norman Mills, Amasa Keeney. Merchant Tailor-William Cooper. Merchants and Storekeepers-Hastings Bullen, Peter Powell, Bron­ son & Brewster, William W. Brackett (Hannibal Center), Andrew Beecher, W. W. Gage & Smith, A. C. Bent. Antiques-Fred Kent. Groceries. Provisions, Meats-D. M. Jacobs. Vinton P. Comins. Ab­ rloo Jacobs. H. M. Pierce, Walter Matteson. George A. Leonard, Judson S. Stevenson, Chauncey A. Nims, John Wilde, Elston Ecker, Harry Cole, William Pryor, William H. Chillson, F'rank Cooper and George Cole, Samuel Benjamin, J. W. Conboy, Raymond Scott, Grover Show­ ers, Henry E. Tyler, Fred Lockw~od and Son, James Best (Dext<:r­ ville, Day and Hyatt, Red and White, Melny_chuk and Penkala (Fair­ dale), Charles Arthur Goodman (South Hannibal), Charles Washburne 36 (North Hannibal), Harvey Hall, George Rogers (Hannibal Center), Ralph Williamson (Hannibal Center). Barber Shop-James Havens, William Russell, William Shutts, Karl Kellogg, Frank Day, R. Gibson. Drugs-Lloyd F. Cooper, Charles S. Ives, Frank Tobey, Mark Minar, Charles Harris, Burt Bentley, Maynard Gardner, Brewster and Lewis (1890). Dry Goods and Notions-Chauncey A. Nims, A. J. and N. V. An­ drews, L. E. Porter, H. Smith, H. M. Cornue, George H. \Vol ven, Marsh and Petrie, John Cox. Hardware-Anthony J. Westerman, David Bothwell, Bernie R. Both·well, J. and P. McFarland, Charles C. Blackburn (1860), McFar­ land and Gault, Hamilton Cox, William Van Fleet, R. M. Rogers, Jr., McFarland and Chillson, H. M. Pierce, Bothwell & Wiggins (1887-1892), Burt & Bothwell, Cooper & Watson, Raymond Scott, John Matson. Garage-Harry Betts, Matson and Umbeck (Ford and Saxon cars), Frank Hewitt, Cox and Hewitt (Dodge), Harold Yarrow and Son (Dodge and Plymouth), Gault Chevrolet Sales and Service, Robert Havens. Atlantic Filling Station-Earl Van Patten. Valley Filling Station-Franklin Adsitt, Dutch's Station. Manufacturing-Job B. Williams, (apple jelly) 1880, M. H. Van Auken (cleansing cream), Curtiss & Matteson (Brick Man.), Williams & Misen (grist mill), C. S. and J. R. Chamberlain (grist), C. E. Brink­ erhoff (butter), Girard Clark (tinware), Hannibal Fabric Co. (gloves). Confectionery and Ice Cream-Fred Hammond, Mr. Byrne, Donato DiBello, Mrs. Frank Little, Marinda Cooper, William Shutts. Flour and Feed-Williams and Mizen, Rienza Bradt, John Mc­ Farland, Raymond Scott, G. L. F. Agent. Coal Dealers-Maurice G. Lockwood, Otis Kranze and Sons, Cox and Rice, Charles Kranze, John Matson, Wallace and Perkins. Clothing and Shoes-C. A. Lester, J. W. Burt, Isaac P. Sykes, J. B. Burt and Son, George A. Leonard, Bruce E. Green, Milton H. Van Auken. Insurance-H. M. Barrett (1882), Edward J. Fairley, Fred 0. Palmer, Grant Wilson, John Cox, Donald Gleason. Harness Repair and Manufacture-George A. Fairchilds (1878), Al­ fred Wagner, Alvah Worster (1881), J. A. Naracon, Bradford Byrne, Deacon Lazelere. Stage Livery and Bus Service--J. N. Gillis, Chester Travis, Ken­ neth Hall, Raymond Leonard. Wagons and Carriages Manufacture-J. N. Gillis (1878), Frank Clute (fancy wagons and cutters) 1882, Jay Campbell, James Donnelly. Lumber Sawing-R. M. Rogers, Jr., Ralph Rogers, Wesley Stock and Sons, Leon Snyder, Wooster & Parsons (steam), Robert Scott.

37 Elections

Election Returns for the Town of Hannibal 1807 E, the subscribers, Inspectors of Election for the Town of Hanni­ bal in the County of Onondaga and State of New York, do here­ W by certify that on canvassing the votes for Governor, Lieutenant Governor and Senators of the western district of the State, do find the following to be a true statement of the number of votes viz- Morgan Lewis, nine votes for Governor. Daniel D. Tompkins, two votes for Governor. John Broome, four votes for Lieutenant Governor. Thomas Storms, seven votes for Lieutenant Governor. Caleb Hyde, six votes } Moss Kent, eight votes For William Floyd, two votes Senators Alexander Rew·, two votes Given under our hands this first day of May, 1807. Signed: William Vaughn } Joel Burt Inspectors of Peter H ugunin Elections Edward Connor We, the Inspectors of Election for the Town of Hannibal in the Coun­ ty of Onondaga and State of New York, do hereby certify that on can­ vassing the votes for Assemblyman, do find the following to be a true statement of the number of votes taken (viz): Joshua Forman, twenty votes 1 for members of Assembly John McWhorter, twenty-two votes { Given under our hands this first day of May, 1807. Signed: William Vaughn } Joel Burt Inspectors of · Peter Hugunin Elections Edward Connor GREENBACK CAUCUS The Greenback Labor Electors, of the town of Hannibal, are re­ quested to meet in Caucus, at James Hall, Hannibal Center, Thursday, Feb. 27, 1879.-By Order Com. REPUBLICAN CAUCUS The Republican Electors of the town of Hannibal, are requested to meet in Caucus, at Union Hall, Hannibal, Saturday, March 1, 1879.­ By Order Com. DEMOCRATIC CAUCUS The Democratic Electors of the town of Hannibal, are requested to meet in Caucus, at Union Hall, Hannibal, Saturday, March 1, 1879, at 3 o'clock p. m.-By Order Com. 38 February 26, 1879-The following are the nominations made by the Temperance party at their caucus last Saturday afternoon at Hannibal Center: For Supervisor-Varnum P. Hill. For Town Clerk-John A. Cox. For Justice of the Peace-Merrit Miller. For Overseer of the Poor-Seth Barrus. For Commissioner of Highway-Robert M. Rogers, Jr. For Assessors-Jan1es B. Curtis. For Collector-George Smith. For Town Auditors--Edward C. Hannum, Almond A. Bidwell. For Constables-Harrison Matteson, John Scouten, Isiaah N. Meek­ er, George Smith. For Inspectors of Election-Milton H. VanAuken, James A. Barrus, Dist. No. 1; Hubert Dickerson, David Wells, Dist. No. 2. For Game Constable-Albert Williams. For Commissioner of Excise-Samuel Stevenson. The ticket is a very good one, and we believe will receive the vote of a large number of the electors of the town. If the other parties in the town put in nomination as good men as the temperance people have done, the interest of the town will be well taken care of.

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~ ,( . \ ' George Washington

EORGE WASHINGTON, colored, of Hannibal, lived on the G former Charles Shepherd place where Edgar Beebe for­ merly resided. He was employed at various types of work in and around the town. One day he had been employed at Bethel and at the close of the day was walking home after a hard day's work. On his journey home it was necessary to pass by the Bethel cemetery which at that time was enclosed by a narrow­ spaced board fence. Farmers pastured sheep in the cemetery vicinity. In some manner a large ram had caught his head be­ tween two boards of the fence and had been struggling for some time to free himself. It is not known to this day whether, when Mr. Washington came along, the ram thought his de­ liverer had come or whether he became alarmed at the passer­ by, but, just as the colored man reached this lonely stretch and was directly opposite the ram, the animal let out an uproarious baa, baa. Mr. Washington, taken completely by surprise, took off for parts unknown. He arrived, witnesses say back at Bethel as white faced as any member of the Caucasian race. He explained that someone had "suah risen from the dead in that there cemetery," and it was not until the next morning that he ventured toward home. One time Mr. Washington and his daughter, Rose, wanted to take an early stage to go to pick hops in Madison county. People received good wages for that work in those times. The father decided to sleep in a rocking chair all night so that he would wake earlier and be ready for an early start. It was a bright moonlight night with a light wind blowing. Just as he was about to doze off, a long vine blew down from the top of the porch and cast a weird shadow as it blew back and forth in the breeze. George was roused by this shadow and asked, "Who's there?" There was, of course, no answer and in a tremulous voice the man said, "Tell me who's there or I'll shoot." Being as good as his word, he fired a shot which smashed the window out of the door.

41 District No. I (Wiltseville)

HE first settler in District No. 1 was Benjamin Wiltse. He T bought 200 acres of land, the southwest part of Lot 47. The rest of the Wiltses came in 1813. All of them came from Schenectady county. Robert McMillen, James Haws and Robert Hall came from Ireland about 1813 or 1,814. Other early settlers were David Peckham, Samuel Clark and Harlo Frost. All came from Connecticut. It is believed by the oldest inhabitants that Henry Wiltse, Sr., built the first saw mill. At any rate no frame buildings could be erected before the existence of a saw mill. The first frame barn was built by Henry Wiltse, Sr., about 1818. It was not the first barn built in the town, but it is the oldest frame barn, and it is still in use. A carding machine was later built on the opposite side of the creek from the saw mill. As far back as anybody can re­ member the carding machine was owned by Wright and Buck. It was later purchased by John L. Kipp and his partner, Wil­ liams. John was grandfather of the late 0. A. Kipp. At the time when he lived in the district he was the best educated man, and before he came here had served as member of the assembly. The first schoolhouse was of logs and was located near the cross roads where Alice Blythe formerly lived. The following story is told about Clarence Wiltse's father: In the summer of 1827 when Hannah Barrett taught the school, when he came to school one morning his teacher said to him, "Bennie, you have a new coat," He said, "Yes, and I'm going to have some­ thing else new. I'm going to have a new ma." As the mother­ in-prospect was Miss Barrett's sister, nothing more was said. The next schoolhouse was a frame building. It was located just north of where the present schoolhouse now stands. The land was purchased of David Peckham, and the district was then called the Peckham district. There were two noted teachers who taught in this building: Mr. Sprague, a son of the first settler of the town of Hannibal and who afterward became a wealthy southern gentleman, and Lyman Coats. There was a bad boy in school and someone told Mr. Coats about him. He said, "I think I shall get along with him all right." And he did. There were others who were excellent teachers. 42 In the old days there used to be fights, or rather, battles, the boys that came to school from the north fighting on one side, and those who came from the south fighting on the other side. In 1852-53 Mary Wiltse taught the school for three months for $15 per month. The school building now standing was built in the summer of 1867. The site was purchased of Charles Wiltse and since then the district has been called the Wiltse district. In this building taught Theodore Ball, Hattie Phelps, A. W. Wiltsie, Jessie Fraser Haden, Lydia LeRoy and Mrs. R. A. Bradt. Besides Kipp and Williams' carding machine, a saw mill was for years operated by Frederick \Viltsie and a cheese factory by E. S. Tallman. The following prominent people have lived in this district: Issac H. Peckham served as captain in the Civil War and later he was made major brevet. E. S. Tallman served as supervisor of the town of Hannibal. Carson Wiltsie served as supervisor and he was serving as county superintendent of the poor when he died. Carson Wiltsie's son, A. W. Wiltsie, served as school commissioner and was a prominent business man in the city of Fulton. Henry \Viltse, Sr., spelled "Wilsey" on the muster roll, vvas a veteran of the Revolution. Nine Civil War veterans and one Spanish War veteran have lived in this district. WIL TSEVILLE Wiltseville was so called because of the number of families of that name who settled in that section. Following are the names of some of the Wiltses who were settlers there at one time or another: Elizabeth, Lovica, Frederic, John, Howard, Charles, Hannah, Ruth, Cynthia, Sarah, Henry A., Betsey, Isabella, Eliza, Frank­ lin 0., Angeline, Esther Ann, l'viary, Carson, Mariette, James E., Clarence, Nellie, Floyd, Orville, Sherrie, Elida, Grace, Lucy, Clara, Anna, Harlan, Ernest, Elston, Eltie, Lida, Mattie, Fred Sr., Herbie, Ava, Oliver, Sophia, Charlotte, James, James C., Alice, Isaac, Frank, Hattie, Hellen, Emma L., Ann Elizabeth, Ella, Jessie, George, Arthur, Daniel, Nancy, Benjamin, Amos, West, Jacob, Martin, Cornelius, Joseph W., William M., Mar­ cina, Lucy W., Olive, Maurice, Emily, Bessie, Lucy W., Gene­ vieve, Mary, Laura, Frederick Jr.

Excerpts from Clerk's Book, District No. l, Town of Hannibal At a annual meeting of the legal voters of school District number first in the town of Hannibal Held Pursuant to adjournment at the schoolhouse on the 15 of Geter 1840. James C. Wiltse was chosen moderator. David Peckham chosen Clerk. Henry Wiltse, Robert Hali, John L. Kip, trustees. W. M. Wiltse chose Collector. James C. Wiltse chose Lybarian. 43 1. Resolved unanimously that the money collected for the insurence of the schoolhouse be laid out for repairs on the schoolhouse. 2. resolved that we git ¼ of A cord of wood stove length to A Schollar. 3. Resolved that we Adjourn this meeting til the 15 of Oct. next 1841. David Peckham, Clerk James C. Wiltse, mod. 1845 Resolved unanirr\ous that we have A School this winter. 1849 Resolved that we git a new stove. Resolved that we git our wood by a tax. Resolved that we git 20 cords of two foot wood. Resolved that William fineout Agrees to git the above wood at 65½ cts pur cord. 1850 Resolved that we raise forty Dollars for school Purposes this year five Dollars for Repars the remainder for teachers \vages. 1856 Resolved that H. Wiltse and George Hall receive the Library money to pay for globe ($11.75) as fast as it comes and no faster. Resolved to raise money in the district to purchase the new school law. October. 1857 Joseph Wiltse was chosen wood inspector. October. 1858 Resolved by a majority of voters to give Amos Peckham two dollars for the privilege of getting water at his pump for the use of the school as long as he remains in possession of the farm he now owns. Memorandum of an agreement made this twentieth day of October one thousand eight hundred & fifty Eight between Amos Peckham of the town of Hannibal Oswego County State of New York and Fred­ eric Wiltse trustee of District No 1 of the aforesaid town witnesseth that the said Amos Peckham "agrees by indenture to be executed on or before the first day of December next to demise and be to the said Frederic Wiltse the use of the water from his well near the barn, to hold to the said Frederic Wiltse his Sucessors in office from the first day of December aforesaid, for and during the term of twenty five years at or for the sum of two dollars to him payed by Frederic Wiltse in behalf of Dist No 1 in town aforesaid, The Said Amos Peckham also agrees to keep the well and pump in good repair and for the free use of the Schollars of the aforesaid District. In case said Amos Peckham shall sell or dispose of his farm before the time of this greement ex­ pires it shall be said. Signed and sealed in the presence of (Seal) Frederic Wiltse 1859 Resolved by a majority of votes to appoint a committee of six to visit the school the ensueing term as often as once in two weeks the (committee to be appointed by the Chairman and the Chair appointed the following committee Jason Kent Joseph Wiltse Isaac Haws Thomas C. Dorn Amos Peckham Josiah McDonald 44 18671 Resolved by a unanimous vote that we build a Schoolhouse in the Summer of 1869. 1868 Resolved that this meeting instruct the Trustee to pay our last summer's Teacher the Sum of $5.50 Extra wages while she was attend­ ing the Teachers institute. 1875 Star Loomis Being the Loest Bider on Wood Gets the Wood for ($2.121/2) or Seventeen Shilings A Cord to get twelve Cords on or By the first of January 1876 Beach Burch or Maple split for (the Stove). E. S. Tallman, Chairman John H. Baker, Clerk 1876 Trustee's Report Amount of Public Money ______$110.54 Amount of Library ------·------· ______------1. 70 Raised by tax first Warrant ------44.45 Raised by second levy ------45.44 Total by tax ______------89. 89 Amount from Gospel Funds in Supervisors Hands not yet Ap- portioned Estimated ______------5 .001 Balance on hand Oct 1, 18 7 5 ______------2.46 Total Receipts Estimating Gospel Funds ______$209.59' 1877 A call for A Dictionary for the School house Subjects taught this year-Reading, Higher Spelling, Geography, Grammar, Algebra, Pen­ manship, Philosophy, Drawing. Officers 18 81 G. L. Metcalf was chosen Chairman, John H. Baker Clerk, Frederick Wiltse Trustee, Amos Peckham Colector, E. S. Talman Librian. 1948-49 Officers Robert Parsons, Clerk; Harry Darling, Trustee; Blanche Darling, Collector. A list of the names of the scholars vvho attended the District No. 1 in the town of Hannibal during the term commencing December 4, 1848, and ending March 10, 1849, and the number of days they respectively attended the same. Teachers made their own attendance registers. Emily Coplin, 48½ days; Sarah Frost, 67; Alzada Williams, 54; Eliza­ beth Wiltse, 13; Davis Fineout, 41; Benjamin Fineout, 69; Harrison Fineout, 57½; Amy Fineout, 10; Herbert Fineout,.49; Lovica Wiltse, 19; Sanford Wiltse, 46; Frederic Wiltse 50½; John Wiltse, 50½; Howard Wiltse, 55; Edgar Rath, 62; Charles Wiltse, 24. Hannah Wiltse, 16; Ruth Wiltse, 22; Cynthia Wiltse 40; Sarah Wiltse, 43; Henry Wiltse, 32½; Betsy Wiltse, 47; Martha Peckham, 66; Emeline Peckham, 63; David Demott, 67½; Jane Ann Hall, 47 1h; Robert Hall, 64 1h; Letta Hall, 5; Joseph Hall, 62; Benjamin Barrett, 37; Alonzo Bar­ rett, 46; John Barrett, 37; Mary Barrett, 42; Isaac Haw or Haws, 55½. Hannah Barrett, 53; James Barrett, 59; Charles Barrett, 54; Francis 45 Armstrong, 46; Henry Demott, 45; George Demott, 54; Cephas Kent, 62; Lee Tuckerman, 25; Warren Robins, 46; Amy Loomis, 9; Sylvester Clark, 20; Samuel McDaniel, 7; Almira Lathrop, 37½; Silas Polly, 27½; Robert Cole, 19; Mary J. Coplin, 39½; Isabelle Wiltse, 18; John Clark, 20. Eliza Wiltse, Teacher. Roll Call of District No. 1 (Wiltseville) With Days Attended November 23, 1863-March 11, 1864 Alburtis Frost, 57½; Sowella Frost, 55; Mariette Wiltse, 33; Alace Wiltse, 13; Hellen Wiltse 39½; Jessie Wiltse, 23½; Starr Loomis, 41; Eva Loomis 68; E1nma J. Kent, 71 ½; Ella Wiltse, 63; James Williams, 68; Lillie Kip, 30; John Kip, 12; James Wiltse, 71 ½; Henry Cochren, 61; John Oliver, 18; Rosa Peckham, 47 % ; William Peckham, 66. Almond Peckham, 40½; Ada Peckham, 54; Carrie Peckham, 40; Addie Haw, 15; Joseph Milligan 40; Emry Shutts, 30½; Hariette Demot, 23; Otis Demot, 13; Marshall Halley, 37½; Betsy Wiltse, 30½; Emana Church, 31; Susan Peacot, 31½; M. Bush, 12; Duwane Blanchard, 15; Wendell Blanchard, 13. James A. Kennedy, Teacher. Roll Call in District No. 1 (Wiltseville) in 1893 Edward Fairley, Bertha Fairley, Emma Prosser, Anna Prosser, Willie Prosser, Maurice Peckham, Rena Peckham, Grace Lund, Maude Lund, Guy Harrington, Roy Darling, Florence Hallows, Mabel Clark, Wesley Clark, Clarence Armstrong, Anna Wiltse, Floyd Peckham, Frank Clark, Bert Fairley, Lotta Hallows, Olive Wiltse. 1904 Albert Arthur, Fred Prosser, Lester Robinson, Harry Hall, Bert Mc­ Millen, George McMillen, Robert Hall, Iva Hallows, Mary Wiltse, Laura Wiltse, Genevieve Wiltse. 1947-48 James Simmons, Thomas Simmons, Bobby Simmons, Berdette Stock, Jeanette Stock, William Houde, Joyce Houde, Vernon Houde, Robert Houde, Dorraine McMillen, Gary McMillen, Julia Hubbard, Allen Parsons, Carol Parsons, Jack Ford, Jerry Halstead, Gene Halstead. Teachers in District No. 1, Town of Hannibal 1827 (Summer)-Hannah Barrett, 1848-49-Eliza Wiltse, 1849-Isa­ bella Wiltse, 1849-50-Alexander White, 1850-Sarah A. Peckham, 1850-51-Lemuel P. Storms, 1851-Isabella Wiltse, 1852-53-Mary Wiltse, 1853-Angeline Perry, 1853-54-Allen Peckham, 1854-Frances Carson, 1854-55-Carson Wiltse, 1855-Frank Carson, Hattie Stuart, 1855-56-F. Wiltse, 1856-Emma Peckham, 1856-57-Carson Wiltse, 1857-Laura Parsons, 1857-Amy S. Loomis, 1857-58-E. M. Colby, 1858-59-D. D. Storms, 1859-Emma J. Carson, 1859-60-Henry A. Dada. 1860-Mary A. Parsons, Laura S. Parsons, 1860-61-Mary A. Par­ sons, 1861-Betsy Wiltse, 1861-62-Helen E. Byington, 1862-Mary A. Adle, 1862-63-Sarah C. Lewis, 1863-Lorina Barstow, 1863-64-James A. Kennedy, 1864-Sarah E. Bishop, 1893-Lucy Andrews, Cora Per­ kins, 1903-May Shutts Parsons, 1904-Carrie E. Myers, 1906-Bertha Wiltse, 1934-36-Martha Shutts, 1937-41-Marjorie Wendover, 1942-43 -Martha Shutts, 1944-49-Fred Cox. Other teachers in this district were Mr. Sprague, Mr. Coats, Theo­ dore Ball, Hattie Phelps, A. W. Wiltse, Jessie Fraser Haden, Lydia Leroy, Lizzie Cole, Miss Tubbs, Miss D. Mack, Maria Clark, Grace 46 Haslem, Mrs. R. A. Bradt, James Westcott, Bertha Rounds, Ida Til­ ford, Eva Shutts and Nettie Rogers. Sunday School Report, June 24, 1877 Meetings were held at the Wiltseville schoolhouse each Sunday. Following is the summary of one of the meetings: Hymn Number 36; Scripture read, Nahum 1-13; Prayer by Gilbert Metcalf; Hymn Number 52; Lesson, Review. Visitors Present-M. Greene, E. Greene, Mrs. Gardner and sisters. School addressed by E. S. Tallman for an hour and one half. Number of Officers present, 5; number of Teachers present, 8; num- ber of Scholars present, 43; total, 56. Weather-Pleasant. Record of Sunday School Attendance in District No. I (Town of Hannibal) Commencing March 26. 1877 N. Wiltse, Secretary Officers-Superintendent, I. H. Peckham; Ass't Superintendent, E. S. Tallman; Chorister, A. C. Hallows; Librarian, James Wiltse; Organ­ ist Sec't., Nellie Wiltse; Ass't Organist, Jessie Wiltse; Ass't Organist, Flora Greene. Class No. I-Taught by C. Wiltse Mrs. C. Wiltse, Mrs. J. Greene, Mrs. J. Wiltse, Mrs. Tallman, Mrs. A. Peckham, Ruth Frost, Sarah Clark, Mrs. John Baker, Mrs. F. Wiltse, Mrs. B. Clark, Elizabeth Wiltse, E. Winchell, Mrs. Metcalf, Mrs. Rice. Class No. 2-Taught by F. Wiltse Flora Green, Myrtie Peckham, Carrie J. Peckham, Nellie Wiltse, Cora Hall, Kate Smiley, Carrie E. Peckham, Sarah Elliott, Leafy Met­ calf, Jessie Wiltse, Mina Ecker, Lila Whitbred, Ella Brewster, Hattie Phelps. Class No. 3-Taught by J. Greene Will Peckham, A. C. Hallows, Lyman Clark, George Elliott, Arthur Wiltse, James Wiltse, Aaron Eaton, Nelson Hall, Will Calvert, E. L. Peckham, Clinton Haws, Orville Wiltse, Charlie Metcalf, Buel Clark, John Ford, Frank \Viltse. Class No. 4-Taught by E. S. Tallman Joseph Wiltse, Gilbert Metcalf, John Wiltse, Amos Peckham, John Baker, I. Baker, Charles Wiltse, Jason Kent. Class No. 5-Taught by Mrs. I. H. Peckham Fred Greene, Josie Hall, Charlie Peckham, Sherrie Wiltse, Jay Baker, Wallie Winchell, Clarence Winchell. Class No. 6-Taught by I. Hawes Elida Wiltse, Leona Hall, Nellie Metcalf, Ida Tallman, Clara Peck­ ham, Mattie Brewster, Lillie Hadden, Addie Vanhorne, Maryette Dibble, Sallie Dibble. Class No. 7-Taught by Mrs. A. Hallows Nellie and Jessie Greene, Cora Blakes, Jennie Clark, Mary Metcalf, Grace and Clara Wiltsie, Sarah Rice. 47 Class No. 8-Taught by Carrie Peckham Harlon, Ernest and Elston Wiltse, Dutton Hawes, Byron Peckham. Others in the Sunday School Joe Green, C. E. Hall and Joe Hall, Carrie Hall, Flora Green, Mrs. W. Calvert, Henrietta, Bertha and Charles McMillen, Preston Clark, Kitty Hoskins, Florence Green, George Powell, Will Peckham, West Sitterly, Searing Frost, Su}llner and Eddie Metcalf, James---, Clatie Fitch, Jennie Deming, Bertha, Bell and Bert Fairley, Eddie Fairley, Jessie, Eltie, Lida, Mattie, Floyd, Fred, Charles, Jessie, James, Herbie, Anna, Ava Wiltse. Inscriptions on Family Cemetery Markers on Robert Hall Farm (Wiltseville) Samuel, son of J. and M. A. Jefferry. Died Sept. 5, 1854. Mary E., wife of Josiah McDonald. Died Nov. 7, 1850. Mary T., wife of John McDonald. Died March 29, 1859. Elenor, wife of Samuel Clark. Died April 22, 1878. Samuel Clark. Died September 8, 1872. Age 81. Caroline C. Clark, 1838-1920. SALLY (on one headstone-no other name). Sylvester W. Clark. Died April 16, 1898. Co. C, 24 N. Y. Infantry. Member of John Stevenson Post G. A. R. Orville R. Clark, aged 9 months. M. T. McD.

11.\.X~lll.\l, UIS'l'IU(''l' Xo. 1

Picture of "\Viltseville p,upils i1n 18!19 taken by George :Meade Back Row-Blnnclte Hnll (Darling), Mbc" Grace HnMlem (tenclter), Florence HallowH, lleHMle WlltMe (Follett), Uoy Dnrlh1g. Second Uow-h·a Hnllon·,c, Renn Pecklrnm (Smout), Bert :rtlcllllllen, l~mlly '\'\.iltNe (Cox), Leon Darling, Geor,r;e McMlllen, Hobert Hull, Hurry llnllowH. Pront Jtow-:Unnrlce '\VlltMe, Bruce Peckham, Harry llnll (deceaMed). Notice the bea,·y rubber boot• worn by nil the ho>·"· 48 Distr~ct No. 2 (Stone Schoolhouse)

OME of the leaders in this district in the early days were S Abram Cummins and his father, who were relatives of Mrs. Lyman Correll, Samuel Cook and Jay D. Curtis and his father and uncle. It is believed that the original wooden building was con­ structed about 1820. Children were not graded at this school during its early history. School terms were held only during the winter for a 12-week period. The teacher boarded among the parents of her pupils, staying one week at a time in each home. Arthur Parker's grandmother, Mary A. Dudley, was a teacher in this district in the early days and, according to this custom, boarded with the parents of her pupils. One of the parents, knowing that the teacher was very fond of johnny­ cake, decided that she would serve plenty of her favorite food during her stay in this household. Accordingly, johnnycake appeared on the table three times a day every day for a week. When Miss Dudley went home for the week-end, her mother, thinking she would have something that her daughter liked, had baked a huge johnnycake. The young teacher, however, was not as enthusiastic as she had formerly been about her once favorite food. Eugene Blodgett, a cousin of the late S. R. Lockwood, at­ tended this school the first year it was used for school purposes. School meetings were held in the fall of the year and at one of these meetings in 1850, the matter of building a new school was discussed and settled. The old building was sold at auction for $9.64 to Grover Burt, grandfather of the late James B. Burt of Hannibal. The f ollovving committee consulted with the trustee, J. D. Curtis, regarding the plans and specifications for the new building: Nelson Cole, Martin Wiltsie, James "\V. Burt, Samuel Stevenson and Orson Titus, father of the late Mrs. R. A. Bradt. The building was to be of stone at an estimated cost of $390. The stone toilet cost $26.96. This has been torn down to make room for an addition to the school. All the stone used in building the school was taken from the site of the school­ house. At each school meeting a tax of five dollars was levied on the district to pay for repairs. A librarian was appointed at each school meeting whose duty was to keep account of all books loaned from a large library of catalogued books owned by the school district. 49 New seats were placed in the schoolhouse in 1884, the olci ones having been in use from the time the building was con­ structed. Samuel Cook's grandfather was one of the committee appointed to purchase the new seats. People who have been especially interested in this district are the Curtis, Welling, Cummins, Fowler, Ecker, Campbell, Hill, Burt, Parker, Parsons, I(ennedy, Gerring, Bishop, Correll families and :diany others. School commissioners who have served this area have been Robert Simpson, Arthur Wiltsie, Mr. Young, Warren S. Gard­ ner and Dr. Harold D. Sy1 vester. Pupils Attending Stone School in 1888 Nellie G. Titus, Teacher Jessie, Nellie, Allie Carter; Matie, Jennie, Helen Draper; Maggie Shutts; Mae Welling; Lettie Kennedy; Louis (Jummie) James; Ernest Parsons; Charley Miller; Frank Welling; Cora VanEtten; Maude Well­ ing; (one pupil unidentified). Teachers in Stone Schoolhouse James- B. Curtis, Angie Curtis, Charles Storms, Mary Rice, Orrin Curtis, Theodore Ball Sr., Frank Nipper, Elmer Randall, Cassius Green, Belle Myers, Dell Braga, Belle Fairley, Nellie Tilford, Della Blake, Mae Shutts Parsons, Mrs. Charles Shutts, Nellie G. Titus, Lora Stevens, Mrs. Rogers, Mary A. Dudley, Cyrus Haven, Theodore Ball Jr., Fred Allen, Mrs. George Doxstater, Miss Ella Doyle. 1920-21-Grace Upcraft, 1927-28-Frances Stock, 1928-29-Franklin Barry, Lucy Welling, l 929-30-Martha Shutts, 1931-32-L. Mae Signor, 1932-33-Leah W. Owen, 1933-38-Madeline Adsitt, 1938-39-Hazel French, 1939-41-Minnie Perkins, 1941-43-Bessie Cooper, 1943-46- Lois Chaffee, 1946-49-Mildred Howell. Pupils Attending Stone Schoolhouse 1947-48 Barbara Fowler, Joan Fowler, Barbara Hallows, Janet Hallows, George Shepard, Linda Shepard, Carl Shutts, Gloria Shutts, Vernon Shutts, William Storr, Lorraine Welling, Barbara Wiltse, Edwin Wiltse, Harold Wiltse, Melvin Wiltse.

50 District No. 3 (N ortl1 Ha11nihal)

Early North Hannibal Homes OHN ADSITT formerly owned the Abijah Schoonmaker J place. It is now owned by LaRue Christie. The house of Smith Brown vvas sold to Stephen Stark in 1835 and was the home of his son, Frederick Stark, and later was occupied by Ralph Stark, son of Frederick. With the passing of Ralph Stark, the place was sold to Maurice Lockwood. The residence of Seth Kampel is on the site of the home of "Governor" Blodgett. William Farnham formerly lived there. The first house was built about 1815 and burned around 1885. Ernest Walpole lived in the home of Asa Winchell before his death. It is now ovvned by Harry Shaw and was built about the same time as the "Governor" Blodgett place. George A. Wells, great-grandson of Asa Winchell, owns and occupies part of the original Winchell farm. The house in which he lives dates back to 1847-48. The stone house of Daniel Metcalf, built about 1815, stood for about 100 years. This was located on the Oswego road two miles north of North Hannibal and in Oswego town. The David B. Metcalf house, later occupied by his son Daniel, burned about 34 years ago. This was on the road leading to Pembers Corners and one-half mile east of North Hannibal. It was famous for the many "Donations" held there for the local min­ isters and circuit riders. The home of Charles Welling and the house across the road are about 110 years old. Here is where the Keeneys lived. The old Pembers house at Pembers Corners was one of the homes built about 110 years ago. It had fire­ places in each end of the house on the second as well as the first floor. Like so many other substantial houses, it went up in smoke. The Niles Farnham house was first built on the south side of the road, east of the railroad, and moved to the north side and was used as a barn. In brief, the only houses well over 100 years old and still used as homes are those of Harry Shaw (Asa Winchell house) and George A. Wells (Jackson Winchell home­ stead) and the Stark home (Smith Brown house). These houses and homes which were established by the pioneers from New Hampshire (the homes of the Winchells and Metcalfs) and their descendants have built the community 51 which we now enjoy. Much might be said of their simple but busy lives. The railroad station at North Hannibal was at one time called Wheelers. Between North Hannibal and Rochester was another station called Wheelers, so the name of the station at North Hannibal was changed to Metcalf for David Metcalf who daily boarded the train at that place to go to his law office in Hannibal. Original Paper and Reminiscences on North Hannibal by Tryphene Darling Farnham (August 25, 1922) The first dates I remem her distinctly are 1860 and the four years following the Civil War. There was great excitement at North Han­ nibal as many men and boys went from this place. I remember four who went from our neighborhood (just east of here) who never came back, Henry and Monroe Baker, Charlie and Billie Matson. Sixty years ago there was quite a large hotel just north of where Professor Lockwood's house now stands. A few years later it went up in flames. My father was a very temperate man, and was glad that one awful place of temptation was removed from his three growing boys. At that time the house where Mrs. Lockwood lives was just a frame, every board was gone. It was called the old Wheeler house. About 50 years ago the late A. B. Keeney bought the place and made the house as it is now. Mrs. Hall's house then stood near the school house. About 35 or 40 years ago it was moved to its present location. Fifty years ago there were a few log houses left in this locality-one on the place where Percy Rauch now lives, another just west of Nellie McCarthy's house, and I can remember when there was one where Will McCarthy now lives. At this time the farmers were prosperous as the land was com­ paratively new, and raised good crops without commercial fertilizers. All farmers had lots of vvood to sell and found a good market for it in Oswego. There had been a number of saw mills (at one time four were running) where the lumber was sawed for all the building of that time. The houses were built very substantially. Our house has been built 85 years and the foundation is perfect yet, as the timbers were all hewed by hand out of logs. The last of the mills to go into decay was one on the Lattin farm and the last one on the Kampel place. In these years Oswego was the second city in the state in the manu­ facture of flour, and there were a good many flour mills in Fulton. That made the manufacture of barrels a good business in this town; also stave machines did a thriving business. We did not spray our apple trees then, as all apples were perfect. nearly everyone had bees. Fifty-five years ago my father had 100 swarms. I can remember our first kerosene lamp. Before this all used tallow candles. My mother's first sewing machine was a Howe served with a chain stitch and had to be fastened to a table. About 50 years ago our railroad was built. Before this a stage carried the mail between Hannibal and Oswego. M. H. Cox had the post-office and a store on the northwest corner here for a number of years. This building burned about 35 years ago. About this time there was a terrible railroad accident just west of Mr. Stock's house, where two engines came together. The engineer from Oswego was killed and a number badly injured. The engineer 52 had orders to wait at Furniss, but, as the train from the west was liable to be a few minutes late, he thought he would take a chance on meeting it at Hannibal, as he had done a number of times before. Fifty and 60 years ago we always had religious services at the school house every Sunday. The best ministers of Hannibal preached here. Reverend Jacob Fleming preached here a good many years. He was a farmer who lived near Lewis's Corners. It was very easy for the young people to marry, then. They just drove over to J akey Flemings and he would tie the knot tight, as I never knew of any getting a divorce, who were married by him. We also had an interesting Sab­ bath school with a big attendance. And such picnics! It was a gala day for everyone in the community. The scholars would all meet at the schoolhouse in the morning where a number of four-horse teams with big wagons trimmed with evergreens and flowers were provided to take them to the woods-sometimes to a grove just this side of Fair­ dale and sometimes to a big woods at Hannibal Center, where they would meet every Sabbath school in town, each carrying a big banner trimmed with flowers with the number of their school on it, and all would march singing to the grounds. A good speaker was provided, and after the talk came the dinner. Each school had a long table where everyone could be served at the same time. After the dinner came swings and play. In those years we had a large school here-al ways more than 60 scholars, and one winter I remember there were 100 as there were a number of foreign scholars who came. The men of the district had a debating society. There were a number of good speakers among them. We usually had a young man for teacher in the winter who would take part in these debates. Among them that I remember were Dr. Doud, now of Oswego; Theodore Hancock, who was a lawyer in Syra­ cuse a good many years; and another fine young man named Arthur Simmons. David Metcalf taught here a good many terms, and later William Bradt and Amos Farnham. The two latter got off fine enter­ tainments. We see a good deal in the papers now about the fashions for women, but I have to admit we had even worse ones in the long ago-first the big hoop skirts, then the bustle, and later the sleeves so large you could hardly get through a door. Nearly all men wore beards. The young ladies wore their hair in long cur ls, the young girls wore theirs short as they do now, and little children had their hair shingled. In reading an article by Conan Doyle in the September American Magazine on the investigation of spiritualism since the World War by many noted scientists, I was reminded of an investigation we had here about 50 years ago. At that time a man came here from the town of Scriba by the name of France, who was what is termed a medium. Some of the best people here held a number of meetings to see what they could learn of the future life. First two of the men of this com­ munity searched the medium, then removed all of his clothing, and dressed him in clothes belonging to one of these men. This was to be sure he was not an imposter. About 30 met in the evening at some home where a cabinet was provided. This was a frame about seven feet high and not more than six feet square, covered on every side by a black curtain, and open at the top. The medium was then seated in a kitchen chair in the center of the cabinet with curtains down. After dimming the light, the audience were seated in a circle holding hands and singing hymns. In a short time hands began to appear, then faces and forms, some above the cabinet, others in the cabinet with the curtains held back. A good many of the people thought they recog­ nized departed friends. Sometimes a small bell was placed on the floor of the cabinet, and a number of times what looked like a little girl about four years old sat on the top of the cabinet with the bell in hands, ringing it. At the same time beautiful hands were holding 53 the curtains open so we could see the medium sitting on the chair with his arms folded, apparently asleep. North Hannibal's Smallpox Scare In the latter 1880's a man who had been away from North Hannibal for some time returned, all unknowing that he was a carrier of the dread disease, smallpox. A short time later he broke out with a rash, but was not ill. He often came to the general store and post office which was under the management of William Remington, who was Kenneth Upcraft's grand­ father. Mr. Remington's brother Joseph, who clerked in the store, became ill and after a consultation of doctors, his illness was diagnosed as smallpox. Joseph's sister, Mary, cared for him until she, too, contracted the disease. Both brother and sister died and the whole community was placed under quar­ antine. Vaccination was ordered for everyone, the vaccina­ tions being performed by Doctors Acker, Boyd and Cooley of Hannibal. Each person vaccinated was placed on a diet of puddings and light foods with no salt. As mail for District · No. 2, town of Granby, came from the North Hannibal post office, residents of this Granby area were ordered vaccinated, also. This was done by Dr. Ballard of Minetto. Dr. Boyd of Hannibal brought the mail from that village to the home of David D. l\Jletcalf at North Hannibal where people came to get it. The smallpox victims were buried in the night in land at the rear of the barn on the William Remington farm just southeast of the present Grange Hall. Dennis McCarthy, grandfather of Mrs. Agnes Mead, Mr. View and William Bishop dug the grave and made the burial as they had had the disease several years previously. Gravestones marked the two burial places for many years, but have disappeared. These deaths were the only ones occurring from smallpox in North Hannibal, due no doubt to the prompt action taken in vaccinating the residents. District No. 3 (North Hannibal) School District No. 3 is situated in the northern part of the town of Hannibal. It is four miles square containing 2560 acres of land. This region of country was mapped from gov­ ernment surveys and divided into sections. Nearly all of it was given to soldiers of wars for American independence. Not many of them, however, became settlers. This region was too far away from civilization in those days and so the lands were• sold by the soldiers or their heirs for trifling considerations.: One claim was sold for a pair of boots, another for nine silver · spoons, four of which were in the possession of the Farnham family not long ago. The site of the first settler's log house, as well as each of the next half dozen, was determined by the presence of a bubbling 54 spring. Here he found himself four miles from the nearest neighbor. He was not troubled by his neighbors' hens, but weasels, foxes, wolves and bears often bothered him. During the war of 1812-15 not many new settlers arrived, but as soon as this conflict was over immigration revived and steadily increased with each succeeding year. David B. Met­ calf, a native of Keene, New Hampshire, (father of David D. Metcalf, a prominent lawyer of the village of Hannibal in later years) came to North Hannibal in 1813 and bought three to four hundred acres of land and began a clearing and the erec­ tion of a log house. This log house was built east of North Hannibal on top of the second hill. He returned to New Hampshire in 1814 and in 1815 returned to North Hannibal with his family and occupied the home he had built in the wilder­ ness. He continued to occupy a part of the land he bought until his death in 1848. He was one of the first settlers in the north­ ern part of the town of Hannibal. He was the grandfather of Mrs. George Wells of North Hannibal and the great-grand­ father of Mrs. Gordon Sturge of Hannibal. About 1814 Artemus Blodgett settled on lot 50 and Jessie Wheeler built a log house where Mrs. Lockwood now lives. Alanson Blodgett came in 1817 from Onondaga county where he was born, and settled on lot 50. He was a farmer and lum­ berman. William Curtis, a teacher, and George Farnham, a native of Onondaga county, settled at North Hannibal in 1819, in which year John Farnham was born here. The latter was appointed the first postmaster at North Hannibal in 1867. Moses Farn­ ham was the first carpenter in the town of Hannibal. Smith Lockwood, grandfather of the late S. R. Lockwood, migrated from North Springfield, Vermont, in 1822 or 1823 to what is now known as the Stone Schoolhouse district. He states in an old account book, February, 1823, "Paid Lymon Dudley $9.53 for moving me up." Asa Winchell from Vermont, great-grandfather of George Wells of North Hannibal was a farmer and lumberman, owning four saw mills. He located on the land now owned and occupied by George Wells and that formerly owned by Ernest Walpole. In 1828 or 1829 Nicholas Cox with his two sons, Charles and John, a minister, located just east of North Hannibal on lot 51. One day Mr. Cox was chopping in the woods when his atten­ tion was attracted by the squealing of a pig, and upon ap­ proaching the place from which the sound came, found a huge bear gnawing away at the head of the unfortunate porker. Mr. Cox would rap on the tree with the ax. Bruin would look up for a minute and then resume his gnawing. The next night Mr. Cox fixed a trap to catch the marauder. During the night the bear returned to finish the remnants of his prey, and, as was expected, fell into the trap. He, however, was equal to the 55 emergency, and winding the chain of the trap around a tree nearby, gnawed his foot off and thus escaped. Zenas Barlow, a farmer from Oneida county, and Stephen Stark from Schenectady settled here about 1834. Mr. Stark located on the farm formerly owned by Ralph Stark, but now owned by Maurice Lockwood, on top of the hill just west of the railroad cfossing at North Hannibal. William Farnham settled in this vicinity in 1836. Isaac Fowler, a shoemaker, located here and Nathan Janes, a farmer, lived where Mr. and Mrs. Frank Scott now reside. Mr. Hodge­ dator's home was about where Mrs. Pettigrue now lives. Emmet Barrus located on top of the hill on the opposite side of the road from the Grange Hall on land formerly owned by Mrs. Mary Hall. In 1850 Noble Blakeslee had a wagon shop across the road from the former Jared Blakeslee blacksmith shop. Ambrose Pearce from Herkimer county located on the farm now owned by Arthur Pearce. Other settlers who were established in and about Wheeler's Corners, as North Hannibal was then called, were Andrew Hammer, Daniel lvietcalf, John Schumaker, Smith Brown and William Fowler. About 1816 the little hamlet of Wheeler's Corners consisted of four families living in log houses. There was very little cultivated land. The first year the settlers came they planted corn between stumps and in small places between trees in the clearing. An early frost came and destroyed nearly all the corn. They could get little from away as there were no railroads or canals, but some came on the boats on the lakes. These early settlers lived in log houses and their stables were made of logs. Hay was stacked near the stables, corn stored in cribs, turnips and cabbages were buried in the ground. After orchards came, apples were kept in the same way. Corn, oats, potatoes, rye and barley were the principal crops. But the time came when the crops were too large to be cared for in this manner and when the care of domestic animals demanded. labor saving and time saving facilities. The log houses came to be inadequate for the social needs of the growing boys and girls and the adults. Larger and better houses and barns were demanded. With increased acreage under cultivation, cattle ranges diminished. The first settlers built no fences, their cattle grazing wherever they chose. However, each settler sel­ dom had more than one or two cows. The following true story is told of a woman who went after her cow one morning. She took the wrong path and wandered farther from home than she realized. After traveling all day and passing a bear den twice, she concluded that she had been traveling in a circle. Just as night came on she happened upon some cattle. She decided that she would stay near them, think­ ing that she would have to spend the night in the forest. How- 56 ever, after a time Mr. Loomis of Fairdale came after his cows. He took her to his home and helped her to find the way to her own cabin. The searching parties had given up the search for her until daylight should come. The demand for new buildings and fences called for a new industry, lumbering. Until this time the logs had been burned to get them out of the way. Now sawmills were built until there were four in the district. Frame houses gradually took the place of log houses. Roomy log barns and yards were en­ closed in picket fences. Fields were enclosed with rail fences and later with stone walls. Years later some of these same stone fences were used in making improved roads. The early settlers had no roads and traveled by marked trees. The nearest grist mill was six miles from this settlement. Farmers would put their grain in a sack and go on horseback to get a grist ground. The trip required hours and sometimes necessitated being away from home over night. When the man of the house was gone at night, the women, not being experts in the use of firearms, would keep a fire burning to frighten the wolves away. Radical changes began in the industries and in society when the railroad was built through the district. Before construc­ tion of the railroad it was a two-hour ride to Oswego, after construction, a 20-minute ride. The early settlers had to get their mail from Oswego before the post office was established in Hannibal in 1816. They fol­ lowed a path through the \Voods by marked trees. A post office was established in 1867, called North Hannibal. The first post­ master was John Farnham, with M. H. Cox as deputy. Mr. Cox owned and conducted a general store at North Hannibal. Even after this post office was established, people living at a distance from the office had mail only once, sometimes twice, a week, unless some neighbor kindly brought it to them. The first schoolhouse was built of logs and stood near the railroad across from where Niles Farnham lived for many years. It was built about 1812 and did service for about a decade, when Asa Wheeler gave the ground for a new school with the provision that it should be used not only for school purposes but for "religious gatherings of any description and faith." This second building was constructed of plain boards about 1825 and banked up for the winter with sods and dirt for warmth. It served as school and meeting house per the original agreement until 1851 when David Farnham built the present schoolhouse. In those days girls and young boys at­ tended school for the entire school year, but older boys attended only in the winter. Pupils who wished a higher education attended Select schools, Falley Seminary in Fulton or, later on, Oswego Normal. The teachers in these early days received $1.50 per week and boarded around. This was not as 57 convenient and agreeable as staying in one place, but it gave the teacher a splendid opportunity to become acquainted with the parents. By 1860 the population was about the same as now. There was a hotel on the corner owned by Mr. Barrus, a blacksmith shop, a cooper phop and saw mills. SCHOOL TEACHERS AT NORTH HANNIBAL Dates Unknown for Some Dr. Doud, Theodore Hancock, Arthur Simmons, David Metcalf, Wil­ liam Bradt, Amos Farnham, Richard Smith, Daniel Mehegan, Charles Van De Linder, Mary Gere, Henrietta Sharp, Eva Brackett, Lottie Hal­ lows, Effie Metcalf, Jennie Daly, Mrs. Frank Pierce, Mrs. Ella Pearce Lindslay, Professor W. Y. Welch, Miss Jennie Dailey. 1892-Edna Godfrey, 1892-93-J. Enola Fairchild, 1893-Adelbert Braga, 1894-Marion Metcalf, 1897-98-C. V. Armstrong, Mrs. Nellie G. Bradt, 1898-01-Marion Metcalf. 1902-03-Mary S. Humphrey, 1903-05-Sadie Adamy, 1905-06-Ar­ letta Parow, 1906-07-Mabel Campbell, 1908-09-Mrs. E. T. Welling, 1909-10-Mrs. E. T. Welling, Ethel Ramsey. 1910-11-Florence Hart, 1911-12-Anna Brackett, 1912-14-Helen Broderick, 1914-15-Alice P. Hawks, 1914-18-Brink Van Hoesen, 1918-20-Ethel R. Farnham. 1920-22-Grace B. Hawkins, 1922-23-Esther M. Crofoot, 1923-25- Mrs. Charles Shutts, 1925-26-Winfield Kranze, 1926-27-Ellen Wheel­ er, 1927-28-Bessie Cooper, 1928-29-Hazel Lockwood, 1929-34-Bessie Cooper. 1934-35-Myra Halsey, Stella Gardner, 1935-36-Lavina Phillips, 1936-41-Bessie Cooper, 1941-44-Minnie Perkins, 1944-49-Grace B. Hawkins. Roll Call a:t District No. 3 (1897-98) Ross, Lulu Winchell; John, Jennie, George James; Alden, Oren, Mamie, Millie Clark; Earl Goodrowe; Thomas, Phillip McCarthy; Bion Shutts; Anna Blodgett; Edna, Burdette Farnham; Melva, Glayds Braga; Elizabeth, Ada Remington; Lorena Darling; Georgia, Nina Van Ettan; Mary May; Rena, Arthur, Willie Fowler; Elta Bradt; Verne Metcalf; Thomas, Sadie, Laura Jetta; John, Isabelle, Victoria, Mamie Jessmore; Bertha Dart; May, Myra (twins) and George Stafford. 1897-98 Visitors at District No. 3, North Hannibal H. R. Burns, Inez L. Shaff, Nellie M. Reed, .J. W. Brackett (Truant Officer), Millie A. Clark, Harlan G. Wiltse, Charles Ottman, James M. Phillips, Lela E. Farnham, Cora M. Vodra, T. 0. Young, Mrs. A. C. Hallows. 1915-16 Visitors at District No. 3 Ruth Marlett, Dorris Metcalf, Elizabeth Blanchard, Mina B. Van Hoesan, Mable Eckard, Clementine J. Greene, Mabel Crandall, Leila M. Huggins, Marietta H. Lockwood, C. S. Lockwood, Isabella H. Kam­ pel, Jennie V. Palmer, S. R. Lockwood, Ada L. Upcraft, Marion Moore, W. S. Gardner, Elinor Babcock, Florence Lockwood, Gertrude Farn­ ham, Raymond Adsitt, Fay Taylor, Mildred German, Rhena Farn­ ham, Arthur J. Eno, J. Stanley Burt, Morgan H. Westcott, Rita Ger­ man, Lula F. Adamy, Frank Gilman Waterman. Roll Call District No. 3 (1919-20) Teacher-Ethel R. Farnham. Paul Engle, Merwin Upcraft, Milton Blodgett, Earl Blakeslee, Ray- 58 mond Fowler, Harris Lockwood, Arthur Pearce, Stanley Washburne, Matthew Roberts, Sylvester Engle, Allen Fowler, Calvin Hall, Earl James, Helen Wells, Dorothy Upcraft, Marion Pearce, Sylvia Finck, Avis Washburne, Nora Roberts, Claire Engle, Virginia Williams, Lottie Roberts, Verna Fowler, Leola Keeney, Meda Hall. Pupils of N orfh Hannibal School School Year 194 7-48 Mary Pawlenko, Bessie Cannavo, Bart Miano, Florence Shaw, Rich­ ard Pierce, Arlene Holsapple, Alice Syfert, Marjorie Pettit, Lester Fowler, David Shaw, Leon Holsapple, Jr., Sally Isham, Lina Mills, Harry Lindsley, Donald Mead, Lavern Cuyler, Linda Mead, Colette Isham, Carol Syfert, Clarence Deacons. Sunday School Programs Held in North Hannibal Schoolhouse Program-Quarterly Convention of the Hannibal Town S.S. Associa­ tion, North Hannibal, N. Y., Nov. 17, 1894. 10:30 A. M.-Devotional Bible Reading, F. Armstrong; Recitation, Miss Ma tie Newman. Afternoon Session 1:15 P. M.-Praise Service. 1 :30 P. M.-Backsliders in S. Schools, Mrs. D. E. Cameron; discussion, D. D. Metcalf; The Art of Teaching in the S. School, Rev. Sutphen; discussion led by H. Matson; Evangelistic Work in and for the S. School, Rev. A. Ehrgott; general discussion led by E. W. Rice; How to Encourage Young People to Undertake Active Christian S. School Work, E. P. Barrett, E. G. Newman, A. H. Lund. Special Easter Program April 4, 1915 Song by school; recitation, Dorothy Upcraft; recitation, Raymond Fowler; vocal solo, Marion Kampel; recitation, Merwin Upcraft; recita­ tion, Helen Wells; recitation, Dorris Metcalf; vocal solo, Irene Blakes­ lee; recitation, Frank Waterman; recitation, Ada Upcraft; vocal solo, Ruth Webster; recitation, Morris Lockwood; recitation, Ruth Marlett; vocal solo, Rev. E. 0. Webster; recitation, Robert Lockwood; recitation, Esther Marlett; vocal solo, Mildred German; address, Rev. E. 0. Web­ ster; vocal solo, Harold Metcalf; vocal solo, Rena Farnham; song by school; collection. School Christmas Program, December, 1912 Teacher-Miss Helen Broderick. Following is the program: Song-On the Way to School, by school; opening address, Dorothy Upcraft; The Week Before Christmas, Janice Moore; Fair Warning to Santa Claus, Mathew Salisbury; cradle drill, by 12 girls; Song, We've Kept the Golden Rule, Rita German and Irene Blakeslee; Christmas Angels, Ruth Marlett; The Whipping Johnny Didn't Get, Dorris Metcalf and Lisle German; Story of the Unwise Man, Kenneth Upcraft; Christmas Messages, Dick Tensen, Harvey Perry, Edward Perry, Merwin Upcraft; A Tale of John Henry, Paul Brown, Marion Moore; Sue's Beau to Dinner, Irene Blakeslee, Myra Williams, George Stock, Albertus Fowler, Kenneth Upcraft; Night Wind, Esther Marlett; Christmas Wishes, Bless Tensen, Dorothy Upcraft, Esther Marlett, Lloyd Beeman, Milton Blodgett; song-Good-bye, Betty Brown, Harold Metcalf; A Plan That Failed, Maurice and Robert Lock­ wood; A Song in Season, Hazel Moody; Song, Jolly St. Nicholas, Dorris Metcalf; Getting Ready for School, Milton Blodgett; Ann Arbor, Mar­ garet Williams, Ruth Marlett, Ada Upcraft; A Little Boy, Harold Met­ calf; Sister's Beau, Irene Blakeslee, Mary's Lamb, Margaret Williams; 59 How Jimmy Saved Pa, Rita German, Walter Blodgett, Raymond Ad­ sitt; The Gladest Time, Lisle German; Song-Good Night, School; clos­ ing address, Harvey and Edward Perry. Closing Exercises of the North Hannibal School. .June 9. 1916. 8:00 P. M. School Officers-Marion Kampel, president; Esther Marlett, v1ce­ president; Janice Moore, secreta:ry; Walter Blodgett, treasurer. Teachers-E. Brink Van Hoesen, Elsie M. Farnham. Board of Education-S. R. Lockwood, George Wells, William Up- craft. School Colors-Cream and bro\vn. Motto-Where There's a Will There's a Way. Program-Opening chorus, commencement song, school; Welcome, Janice Moore; Salutatory, Jared Alderman; song, The Shadow Man, junior grades; exercise, The Pussy Cats, Primary girls; recitation, The Rain Drops, Marion Pierce; exercise, The Spelling Contest, senior boys; song, The Flowers, senior girls; recitation, It's Bedtime, Son, Harris Lockwood; recitation, Reading, Evangeline Alderman; organ solo, Old English Dance, Marion Kampel; exercise, The Four Winds, pri­ mary boys; recitation, Opportunity, Esther Marlett; song, Lullaby, Dorothy Upcraft, Evangeline Alderman; recitation, Lord Ullin's Daughter, Marion Kampe!; recitation, Breathes There the Man, Rob­ ert Lockwood; chorus, Springtime, seniors; dialogue, Playing Grown­ up, Helen Wells, Dorothy Upcraft; valedictory, Evangeline Alderman; song, American Hymn, school; presentation of certificates, S. R. Lock­ wood.

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NORTH HAN'XIDAL, DISTRICT No. 3, 1907-08 Bnek Ron· ( left to right): Hny1nond Coo11er, tent.•ber; ,,•niter Blodgett, Albert us :Po,.,.·Jer, Hltn Ger111n11, Jin be) {'001u•r, llnzel ~loody, ::Unhel Strough, ::Unhel :,1oody. Nellie 1\lc.-Cnrthy, Dorrl,c DnrllnK. Grne• IJnrlln,c•• ~Illdred Gernann. Se<-ond Hon·, Gertrude .~.,r••!!.;:;;,• N ·~!AA Pell~tt. Jl.-•,µ;, ·~•},;••hs1n1. ~lie" t;e11rss, rests Mt7JC-P£fbz .. , Hct»PFd. Ner,,1,,,,,, ___.&..·a lllrlncm ldMN -Cees:re Jlinllfe District No. 4

Historical Data 1802-First settlement in present township of Hannibal. 1810-First school, conducted by Laura Kent. 1802-First settlement in present township of Hannibal. 1810-First school, conducted by Laura Kent. 1820-Second and graded school built. 1868-Third school built. 1898-Chartered by the Regents. 1904-Annex built. 1906-Became a Senior High School. 1908-Academic agriculture introduced. 1911-Voca tional agriculture courses organized. 1911-Academic homemaking introduced. 1912-Vocational homemaking courses organized. 1912-Vocational laboratory built. 1913-Teacher training courses organized. 1920-Athletic field purchased by students and teachers. 1923-Building burned February 23. 1923-Corner stone of fourth building laid October 26. Ad­ dress by Honorable David P. Morehouse, Sr. 1942-Authorization given for the purchase of additional school ground from Grant Wilson at a special meeting held on January 26, 1942. 1949-Voted to centralize by a vote of 767 to 318. Stephen Roy Lockwood Stephen Roy Lockwood was born in Hannibal March 27, 1877, son of Galusha and Delia Ann Stark Lockwood. He was graduated from Fulton High School and received his scientific and classical certificates at Oswego State Normal School in 1900 and 1906 respectively. He was granted a degree of bach­ elor of science at Syracuse University in 1922 and that of master of arts at the same institution in 1927. Mr. Lockwood started his teaching career on Long Island and in 1900 he came to Hannibal as high school principal. He pioneered in 1908 in the introduction of agriculture in the Hannibal High School curriculum and for many years was re­ garded as the oldest living teacher of agriculture in the state. He was a member of the state association of teachers of agri­ culture and served as president from 1921 to 1923. 62 -,.,~--~ -~---········ i I 1111115 r ■ -· -

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Hannibal High School, built In 1868, burned February 23, 1923. 65 In 1868 a fine new brick schoolhouse was built on the site now occupied by Gault ·Chevrolet Sales and Service. Its size was 42 by 54 feet, and it was two stories in height. It had three rooms and a large study hall. It employed four teachers and the number of pupils attending was 130. The bricks used in the construction were manufactured in town by a local com­ pany whose brickyard was located on land now owned by Mr. Clive Mead. In 1898 Hanni6al Village School was chartered by the Re­ gents. In 1904 a commodious annex was added when more room became imperative to house the increased enrollment and provide instruction. In 1906 it became a senior high school. Two years later, in 1908, academic agriculture was introduced, ·making Hannibal one of the very early pioneers in the state in this field. It was the second school in New York State to estab­ lish a high school department of agriculture, the first being Belleville in 1901. In 1911 vocational agricultural courses were organized and academic homemaking courses introduced. In 1912 vocational homemaking courses were organized and a vocational labora­ tory built. In 1913 teacher training courses were organized. In 1920 a seven-acre athletic field was purchased on Cayuga street by students and teachers. On Friday afternoon February 23, 1923, this school was completely destroyed by fire. On October 26, 1923, the corner stone of the fourth building was laid with an address by the Honorable David P. Morehouse, Sr. On January 26, 1942, at a special meeting authorization was given to purchase additional school ground from Grant Wilson. On June 8, 1949, the voters of Hannibal and those of many surrounding districts decided that they would like to enjoy the benefits of a central school and, by a vote of 767 to 318, the area was centralized. Home Economics ·-Department This department was organized in 1912 with Mrs. Blaine Welling, nee Marion Bell, as teacher. At first, a room in the old schoolhouse, afterwards the training class room, was used for classes. The lack of equipment at this time handicapped work somewhat, but by candy and food sales, sufficient funds were obtained to procure more utensils. "The classes were quite large with every girl except two in the school belonging. Cook­ ing and sewing were taught at the same time, each class having two days a week of two periods a day for working and one day a week of one period for recitation. The next year the department moved to the upper floor of the shop adjoining the school building. This was a great im­ provement for here they had better lights, more room and equipment and more modern conveniences. Mrs. Welling taught two years when she was succeeded by Miss Belle "\Vind- 66 sor. Some of the earlier teachers were: Miss Mildred Alden, Miss Marion Nevins, Miss Rachel Benedict, now Mrs. Leon Darling, and Mrs. Stanley Burdick. In February, 1923, the old schoolhouse burned and in Sep­ tember, 1924, the new building was ready with two spacious, well-lighted homemaking rooms, one for cooking and one for sewing. The equipment was modern, convenient, and a great improvement over the old shop. There were fine large cupboards, work tables and a white enameled sink with run­ ning water and three oil stoves for the cooking room. In the sewing room were six wark tables, four sewing machines and a large cupboard to hold sewing articles. This department has continued to grow from year to year and a large number of students have taken the courses and benefited greatly from them under the skillful direction of the teachers. Vocational Agriculture This course was organized as a result of "academic courses" which were organized as early as 1908 with Leon Harris, Ray­ mond Jerrett, Allen Lockwood, Roy Hall and Lewis Crandall as students. This course was changed in 1912 and has been continued ever since, giving Hannibal High School the distinc-

Uuhuc of H11n11llml High Scbool whl~b Mtood whe-re- Gnult'M Mt,"1:"Vlce Mtntlon 11nd garage now stands. It burned 11"ebruary 23, 1923 on a Frlda7 afternoon. The nnnex at the right "'1u1 built In 1904. 67 tion of having the oldest continuous courses in agriculture in the State of New York and one of the oldest in the United States. A summary of the Home Projects for 1925-26 showed the following totals: Charges, $2,853.61; ·Credits, $4,949.28; Net Gains, $2,413.26. Every boy who started a project in Septem.. her, 1924, finished in June, 1926. First year, Poultry and Farm Shop. Second year, Soils and Farm Crops. Third year, Fruit Growing and Animal Hus.. bandry. Fourth year, Farm Management. Short courses have been given under the direction of such able leaders as Ernest J. Lonis, Past Master of Oswego County Pomona Grange, and Raymond Cooper, Past Master of New York State Grange. These courses have attracted a large fol• lowing and have proven extremely valuable to all who have participated in them. Shop Courses Through the co-operation of :Oswego State Normal School, courses in shop work and mechanical drawing have been car. ried on each year under direction of memhers of the senior class from that school. Many a pupil has received a practical insight into the fundamentals of the farm shop. Town of Hannibal School Superintendents Commissioners of Common Schools 1823-Martin Wiltse, Sylvester M. Rose, Waters Towsley; 1824-John Bullen, Jr., Roswell Knowlton, S. M. Rose; 1843-45-Huet H. Bronson (first superintendent of common schools); 1845-C. R. Rose, followed by Alfred Rice in the same year. 1850-51-George W. Cowles; 1853-54-Mr. Hull; 1866-Lemuel P. Storms; 1866-71-David D. Metcalf; 1871-74-Isaac W. Marsh; 1877- Robert Simpson; 1894-Arthur Wiltse; 1897-1906---Thomas 0. Young; 1911-Charles I. Kinsbury; 1912-45---Warren S. Gardner; July, 1945- Harold D. Sylvester. Others who held office were William B. Howard, Clayton Park.. hurst, William A. Baldwin. · Principals of Hannibal Village School 1864 to 1949 B. G. Clapp, 1864-68; W. H. Coates, 1869; B. F. Cook, 1871; Robert Simpson, 1872-74; B. M. Salisbury, 1874; R. L. Smith, 1875-77; C. H. Alling, 1879; William Denison, 1880; R. M. Rogers, 1880; George An .. drews, 1881-82; Charles Gates, 1882; A. W. Wiltsie, 1882-90. Jacob Brasser, 1891; B. N. Strong, 1891; Mack H. Lathrop, 1892; H. T. Skerritt, 1892-95; Howard Shaffer, 1895-97; A. W. Gifford, 1897-98; S. F. Wooster, 1898. S. R. Lockwood, 1900-08; Charles Baker, 1908-10; S. R. Lockwood, 1910-17; Nellie G. Bradt, 1917-18; S. R. Lockwood, 1918-35; L. E. John­ son, 1935-46; Edgar H. Beebe, 1946-49; Wilfred Greenfield, 1949. Hannibal District No. 4 Teachers. Ending 1949 Mr. Ralph Adams, Agriculture; Miss Sadie Adamy, American His­ tory, Civics, 7-8-9, Social Studies, English; Miss Hope Adsit, Latin, 68 French; Miss Mildred Alden, Homemaking; Mrs. Elizabeth Parsons Allen; Mrs. Mary Page Allen, Homemaking. Miss Eva M. Ammerman, Grades; Miss Grace Applegate, Grades 1- 2-3; Mr. Edward Babcock, Music, 7th Geography, 7-8 English; Mrs. Helen Snyder Babcock, Science; Miss Ada Bader, Science; Mrs. Mabel Crandall Baggs, Grades 4-5-6, Training Class; Mr. Charles Baker, Principal, Latin, Physics, Geometry. Mr. Edgar H. Beebe, Phincipal, Science, Mathematics; Miss Marion A. Block, Homemaking, Girl's Physical Education; Mrs. Bertha Youngs Bombard, Grades 1-2-3; Miss Eva Brackett, Grades 7-8; Mrs. Mabel Wilde Bradt; Mrs. Nellie Bradt, Preceptress, English, Science, History; Mrs. Nellie Tobey Brown, Grades; Mrs. Irene Bullock, Grade 3; Miss Beatrice Burton, Algebra. Miss Alma Caldwell, Languages; Mrs. Edith Hall Calvert, Languages, Homemaking, Mathematics, Biology; Mrs. Effa Patchin Carr, Grades 7-8; Miss Florence Carruba, English; Mr. Roland Chapman, Athletics; Miss E. J. Chase, Music; Mr. Philip Chuff, Physical Education; Mr. James Cole, Music; Mr. Arthur F. Corbin, Shopwork; Miss Dorothy Corey, Homemaking; Miss Matty Corey, Music, Drawing, Algebra, Bookkeeping. Mrs. Beatrice Gardner Crofoot, Music; Mr. Robert Cross, Social Studies (Senior High); Miss Genevieve Crossley, Homemaking; Mr. Daniel J. Crowley, Farm Mechanics; Miss Joyce Crowley, Commercial; Mrs. Rachael Benedict Darling, Homemaking; Mrs. Margaret Draper Davis, Grades 3-4; Mrs. Mary Ball Day, Grades 4-5-6; Miss Olive Dona­ hue, Grades 4-5-6, Music; Mrs. Helen Richardson Dudden, Homemak­ ing; Mr. Elston Ecker, Mathematics, Science, Boy's Physical Educa­ tion. Mr. Lloyd Everingham, Physical Training; Mrs. Belle Fairley, Grades 1-2-3; Miss Katherine Gahagan, Languages; Mrs. Estella Gard­ ner, Grades 4-5-6-7-8; Mr. H. J. Gasket, Science; Miss Charlotte Gay­ lord, Grades 1-2; Miss Elizabeth George, Homemaking, Girl's Basket­ ball; Miss Edna Godfrey, Grades 4-5-6; Mr. Weldon Gross, Music; Miss Gertrude Hall, Grades 7-8, Earth Science. Miss Helen Harp, Music; Mrs. Lela Butts Haven, Physical Education; Mrs. Grace Becker Hillman, Languages; Miss Rosetta Hoffman, Grades 3-4; Miss Iva Hosley, Grades 1-2; Mrs. Mildred Howell, Grade 1; Mr.

Pre.-ent Hnnnlbnl Hl,,;lt Sehool~ornencto11e Inlcl October 2.S, 192!1. 69 Louis Johnson, Principal, Agriculture; Mrs. Flossie Kellogg, Grades 5- 6; Mrs. Gertrude Kellogg, Grade 4; Mrs. Cora Kincaid, English; Miss Anna Klett, Mathematics, Science; Mrs. Evelyn Dudden Klossner, English, Library; Mrs. Lucille Manning Kranze, Grades 1-2-3. Miss Nancy Lou Kuhn, Homemaking; Miss Mary Ladd, Homemak­ ing; Miss Edna Lamb, Manual Training, Music, Drawing, Physics; Mrs. Harriet Charlesworth Lanning, Homemaking; Miss Mary E. Leet, Homemaking; Mrs. Rolfe Martini, Grades 7 -8; Mr. Allen Lockwood, Agriculture; Mr. £. R. Lockwood, Principal, Agriculture; Mr. Ernest Lonis, Agriculture; Miss Elizabeth Luke, Music; Mr. Ernest Lyon, Mathematics and Science. Mrs. Gladys Knapp McFall, Grades 1-2-3; Mrs. Arlene McGlen, Music; Miss Jean Mansfield, Grades 1-2; Mr. Herbert Mapes, Vice. Principal, Agriculture; Mr. Joseph Matteson, Farm Mechanics, Draw­ ing, Physics; Mrs. Agnes Hall Mead, Training Class; Mrs. Harriet Mer­ cier, Grades 7-8; Miss Margaret Merriam, Grades 4-5-6; Mrs. Minnoe, Grade 1; Mrs. Elsie Farnham Montgomery, Music; Mr. Frank Morri­ son, Mathematics; Miss Marion Nevins, Homemaking; Miss Fredericka Newhart, Music; Miss Ethel North, Grades 7-8; Mrs. Eva Shutts Pal­ mer, Grades 1-2-3, German, Algebra, Drawing. Mrs. Margaret Mekeel Palmer, English; Miss Jane Paul, Music; Mrs. Minnie Perkins, Grade 1; Mrs. Zilpha Stickles Powers, Grades 1-2-3; Miss Dorothy Reed, Grades 3-4; Miss Fannie Rhoades, Training Class, Algebra, Grades 1-2-3; Miss Lillian Richmond, Grades 3-4; Mrs. Ger­ aldine McConnell Rogers, Homemaking; Mrs. Apama Russell, Train­ ing Class, Algebra, Silent Reading, Grades 7-8. Miss Florence Russell, Grades 1-2-3; Mrs. Thomas G. Russell; Mrs. Ethol Scripter, Languages, Drawing; Miss Marion Seeley, School Nurse; Bessie L. Stone, Grades 4-5-6, French; Mr. Gordon Sturge, His­ tory ABC, Shopwork, Science, Grades 6-7-8-9; Mrs. Dorris Taggert, School Nurse; Miss Fay Taylor, Grades 4-5-6; Miss Annabel Thompson, Grades 1-2; Miss Helen Tooke, Homemaking. Mrs. Lillian Travers, Primary Grades; Mr. Lloyd Tyler, History 9-10- 11-12, Physical Education, Representation, Grades 5-6-7-8; Mrs. Tyler, Grade 1; Mr. Kenneth Upcraft, Commercial; Mr. Stanley Weaver, Science; Mr. Thomas Webb, Agriculture; Mrs. Florence Welling, Com­ mercial, Grades 5-6; Mrs. Marion Bell Welling, Homemaking; Miss Phyllis Welling, Homemaking. Mr. Leland Webster, Science; Mr. Delos Wetmore, Shopwork; Mr. Logan White, Physical Education; Mrs. Ada Engle Wilcox, Training Class; Mrs. Amy Stone Williams, Grades 7-8; Miss Lettie Wilson, Pri­ mary Grades, Music, Drawing, Grade 8; Miss Bell Windsor, Homemak­ ing; Miss Edith Wood, Homemaking; Grace M. Wood, High School Subjects; Mr. George Zabel, Shopwork, 9th Science, Civics. LEADERSHIP An old man, going a lone highway, Came at the evening, cold and gray, To a chasm vast and deep and wide. The old man crossed in the twilight dim, The sullen stream held no fear for him; But he turned, when safe on the other side; And built a bridge to span the tide. "Old Man," said a fellow pilgrim near, "You are wasting your strength with building here; Your journey will end with the ending day, You never again will pass this way; You've crossed the chasm deep and wide, Why build you this bridge at eventide?" 70 The builder lifted his old gray head, "Good friend, in the path I have come," he said "There followest after me today A youth, whose feet must pass this way. This chasm that's been as naught to me, To that fair-haired youth may a pitfall be; He, too, must cross in the twilight dim; Good friend, I am building this bridge for him." (Anonymous) Members of Board of Education, 1869-1949 Rennsselaer Matteson, H. M. Barrett, C. S. Chamberlain, Sr., E. H. Boyd, M. D., Norman Titus, George H. Burt, William R. Cox, John A. Cox, L. P. Storms, Harrison Matteson, Henry Brackett, Amos D. Cowles, Alfred Rice, M. D., Samuel Crandell, Alvah Lund, Joseph Al­ bring, J. H. Brackett, A. S. Guthrie, James R. Chamberlain (served 23 years), B. N. Hinman. Owen Draper, Frank Crandell, A. W. Wiltse, J. B. Burt, F. E. Bab­ cock, Orville Wiltse, Grant B. Wilson, Theodore P. Ball, Milton H. VanAuken, Sr., Zilpha Stickle Powers, Walter C. Matteson, Judson S. Stevenson, James Brackett, S. R. Lockwood, George LaFontaine, Wal­ ter W. Manning, Charles A. Cox, Alfred H. Cox, William H. Chillson, Jr. Frank C. Haven, Jr., James R. Gault, Charles G. Lohr, Chester Travis, Edward J. Fairley (served 16 years), Melzar H. VanAuken, Fred 0. Palmer (served 21 years), William Shutts (served 22 years), Fannie Tucker, Edna F. VanAuken, Harold Lockwood, Floyd Cooper, Mrs. Harold Lockwood, Mrs. Ella Perkins, Raymond Scott, William Van Fleet, Kenneth Hall, Harry Cummins, Gillard Horn, Robert Cook, Kenneth Tyler. New Centralized School Board (June, 1949)-Five years, Maurice Lockwood; four years, William Shutts; three years, Melvin McIntyre; two years, Rowland LaGasse; one year, James Best. Parent-Teachers Association Presidents Mrs. Blaine Welling, 1929-31; Mrs. Ruth Kampel, 1931-33; Mrs. Lucille McDermott, 1933-35; Mrs. Roland Wheeler, 1935- 37; Mrs. Doris Taggert, 1937-39; Mrs. Helen Wanser, 1939-41; Mrs. Charles Coolican, 1941-42. District No. 4 School Programs EXHIBITION OF HANNIBAL VILLAGE SCHOOL Friday, March 21st, 1873 PROGRAMME-PRIMARY DEPARTMENT Forenoon 1. Music Anthem-"How Beautiful Are Thy Dwellings." 2. Reading of Scripture and Prayer-By Rev. H. C. Abbott. 3. Song-"We Are Little Sunbeams." 4. Recitation-"Lines for an Exhibition," Luella Dillabough. 5. Spelling Class. 6. Recitation-"The Little Gleaners," Gracie Abbott. 7. Song-"Temperance," Irving Abbott. 8. Recitation-"Seven Times One," May Hinman. 9. Dialogue-"Shopping," Messrs. Lewie Fetterly and Charlie O'Con­ nor, Misses Gertie Teague, Belle McDougal, May Hinman, Mary Galla­ gher. 71 10. Song-"Oh Dear! I Shall Never Learn to Spell." 11. Dialogue-"Frightened at Nothing," Misses Ida Davis, Gertie Teague, Luella Dillabough, Maggie Neville and Mr. Frank Rogers. 12. Dialogue-"Three Words of Strength," Misses May Hinman, Mag­ gie Neville, Luella Dillabough. 13. Song-"Little Birdee in the Tree." Intermediate 1. Declamation-1"Now and Then," James Dillabough. 2. Recitation-"Life and Death," Myrta Gallaway. 3. Dialogue-"The Letter," Rockwell Teague and Henry Crandall. 4. Declamation-"Fun," Alfred Hill. 5. Recitation-"Babbie's Courtship," Nellie Teague. 6. Dialogue-"The Prettiest Sight," Misses Orie Dumas, Nellie Tea­ gue, Myra Fox, Rena Burt, Addie Roche, Messrs. Jimmie Havens, Frank Crandall, Willie Matteson. 7. Recitation-"Give If You Would Have," Libbie Chase. 8. Dialogue-"The Angels," Rena Burt and Myra Fox. 9. Music. 10. Class Recitation-"A Fancy," Fourth Reader Class. 11. Recitation-"Perseverance," Orlando Williams. 12. Dialogue-"Land Poor," Annie Merrill and Benjie Hinman. 13. Recitation-"The Love Story," Rena Burt. 14. Recitation-"Infelicity," Johnnie Cox. 15. Dialogue-"Unfortunate Fun," Misses Rena Burt, Myra Fox, Carrie Southard, Mr. James Dillabough. 16. Valedictory-Willie Matteson. 17. Music. Senior Department-Afternoon 1. Music-Quartette, "Sweet Nightingale." 2. Dialogue-Gracie Hawks, Matie Byington, Cora Hinman, Maggie McNamara, Ella McNamara, Alice Roche, Georgie Doe. RECITATIONS 1. "The Pleasant Land," Amie Peterson. 2. "The Weaver's Dream," Ella Matteson. 3. "The Washerwoman," Aggie Phelps. 4. "No Little Prayer to Hear To-night," Cora Hall. 5. "Our School Master," Ettie Fetterly. 6. "Legend of the Northland," Ella Leonard. 7. "The Street Sweeper," Mina Brower. 8. "The Dying Mother," Augusta Fineout. 9. "The Model Church," Kittie O'Mara. 10. "The Curse of Wine," Carrie Peckham. 11. Music-Solo, "Don't Sell My Father Any More Rum," Clara Teague. ESSAYS I. "Success in Life," Hattie Woodruff. 2. "A Gem Under a Chip," Luella Frost. 3. "Benefits of an Education," Elma T. Randall. 4. "Steadiness of Purpose," Ella Curtis. 5. "The Evils of Indecision," Maude M. Hawks. 6. "Life Plans," Orie Storms. 7. "Honesty Is the Best Policy," Carrie Blodgett. 8. "Do Your Best," Jennie Kelley. 9. "Thoughts and Deeds," Esther Worden. 10. "More Sugar in My Cup," Nellie Wiltse. 11. "Influence," Emma Matteson. 72 12. "AD Astra Per Aspera" (To the Stars Through Difficulties), Hat­ tie Phelps. Music-Quartette, "Savior Breathe an Evening Blessing." DECLAMATIONS l. "The lviurderer's Secrett Rockwell Teague. 2. "The Wonders of Civilization," William Neville. 3. "Profaneness," Eldon Storms. 4. "Putting Up Stoves," Rob't Rogers. 5. "America," Frank Barrett. 6. "Results of Work," Frederick Merrill. 7. "Results of Work." Herman McCool. 8. '·Onward," Edwin Peckham. 9. "Integrity," Clinton Sitterly. 10. Music-Quartette: "Soldiers' Farewell," by Schubert Club. ENTERTAINMENT Hannibal Public School at Brewster's Opera Hall, Monday Evening, Dec. 23, 1895. Proceeds for the School Library Admission 10 Cts. To Begin at 8 o'clock Piano Solo-Cora Chan1berlain. Recitation-"Hov.r the Parson Broke the Sabbath," Ward Wiltsie. Recitation-"The Sisters," 1-Ielen V. Ball. Recitation-"The Blue and the Gray," Melzar VanAuken. Discussion-"Shall Women Vote," Affirmati\,-e-Letha Eno, Nega- tive-Mate Draper. Flag Drill-By eight boys. Piano Solo-Kate VanAuken. Recitation-"The Baron's Last Banquet," Jay F. Lynch. Dialogue-"Masquerade," Bertha Stevens. Kate VanAuken. Recitation-"Driving Home the Cows," Birney Petigrue. Recitation-"Cripple Ben," Bertha Dart. Recitation-"Piano Music," Lucretia Brewster. Charade in Three Acts. Vocal Solo-Helen L. Bvrne. Recitation-"Soliloquy ·of a Young Lady," Florence Wiggins. Recitation-"Limitations of Youth," Corydon Chamberlain. Recitation-"Asleep at the Switch." Adella Albring. Instrurnental Trio-l\1arguerita Hinman, Bessie Boyd, Bessie Stall­ wood. Scarf Drill-By Seven Girls. Arbol" Day Exercise, May 8, 1897 The following program was very successfully carried out by the faculty and scholars of Hannibal public school yesterday: Singing, "Mountain Maid"; reading scripture, prayer; reading law, Corydon Chamberlain: Scripture texts, by eight girls; recitation, "Crown of Years," Bessie Boyd; song, "Blue Bird," Edna Hoyt and Pansy Broderick: recitation, "Listen," Lillian Stallwood: "Suoerinten­ dent's Letters," Nellie Byrne; color recitation, seven little girls; essay, "Historic Trees," Cora Chamberlain; singing, "Blue Juniata"; reading, ''The Little Leaves Sacrifice," Lucretia Brewster; "Sentiments, Relat­ ing to Arbor Day," by advanced pupils; recitation, "The Secret," Law­ rence Brewster: recitation, Ada Sanders; class exercises, "The Choice of Trees," by thirteen boys; singing, "Beautiful are the Mountains"; 73 recitation, "Fairy Umbrella," Lizzie Curtis; recitation, "Bring Flowers," Mate Draper; recitation, Blanche Broderick; recitation, "The Child­ ren's Hour," Nellie Draper; "Spring Days," seven girls; recitation, "A Dream," Chas. VanVleek; Arbor Day Exercises, four girls; song, "Sing­ ing Neath the Old Apple Tree." HANNIBAL UNION SCHOOL THANKSGIVING PROGRAM, 1898-99 Chorus. Recitation-"Her 1First Nap," Lena Brackett. Recitation-"Just For Fun," Reuben Hatch. Reading-"Sneak Party," Ione Buck. Recitation-"Tit for Tat," Winfred Petigrue. Doll Drill-Florence Barrus, Maud Fetterley, Lena Brackett, Vera Hoyt, Blanch Broderick, Mabel Scott. Reading-"First Thanksgiving," Ward Wiltsie. Thanksgiving-\Vilfred Adamy, Grace Darling, Richard Powell, Freddie Cox, Belle Draper, Freddie Shutts, Worden Chamberlain, Floyd Kenyon, Philo Van Sanford, Lewis Crandell, Sarah McIntyre, Chas. Van Vleck, Lizzie Curtis, Frank McIntyre, Boyd Van Vleck. Vocal Solo-"Bring Our Heroes Home," Birney Petigrue. Recitation-"Snow Man," Iva Williams. Dialogue-"Thanksgiving in Plymouth," Pearl Althouse, Pansy Brod­ erick. Quartet-"Ken tucky Babe." Resolution-Irene Draper, Adelaide Dillabough, Clara Cole, Etta Davis, Lucy Cole, Edith Hatch, Agnes Althouse, Mary Adamy, Clara Green, Ruth Fetterley. Reci tation-"Thanksgi ving," Lucian N aracon. Recitation-"Little Hickory Nut," Ethel Cox. Recitation-"Thankful for What?" Freddie Shutts. Recitation-Selected, Ward Adamy. Song (costume)-"Pumpkin Pie," Nettie Atwater, Cloie Broderick, Mabel Crandell. Song (costume)-"Revolutionary Tea." National Hymn, School. The exercises to begin at two o'clock. All are cordially invited. "OUT OF HIS SPHERE" March 29, 1901 Do not forget that the drama "Out of His Sphere," will be the at­ traction at the Brewster Opera Hall, Saturday evening. The play is an interesting and amusing one while it is needless to say that the music furnished by the Harmony Orchestra, will be first class. Admis­ sion 10 cents. We give the cast of characters. Jedediah Blood, "a farmer," Ernest Lonis; Thomas Blood, "his son," Clarence Althouse; Carl Schmidt, "his hired man," Floyd Wiltsie; Al­ phonso Markham, "a rich man," Frank Neville; John, "his servant," Louis Sprague; Betty Blood, "wife of Jedediah," Mrs. E. Wiltsie; Lucy Blood, "his daughter," Miss Helen Bynne; Mary Mower, "maid serv­ ant," Miss Floy Powers. Hannibal High Arbor Day Program, May 9, 1912 Arbor Day exercises were held last Friday morning at 10:30, after which school was dismissed for the day. Following is the program: Song-School; recitation, "Trees of Corn," Elizabeth Rice; recitation, "The Violet," Neil Engle; reading, "Trees That Should be Planted in New York State," Lulu Adamy; exercises, "One Way to Keep Arbor Day," Senior Scholars; recitation, "The Chicken and the Robin," Duane Fullerton; song-Primaries; reading, "The Planting of the Apple Tree," 74 Laura Sayre; recitation, "Trees I Like Best," Seniors; recitation, "Lady Golden Rod," Muriel Manning; recitation, "Robin Redbreast," Howard Wilson; piano solo, Mary Ball; recitation, "Baby Corn," Esther Ecker; song, "Bluebirds," Junior Girls; recitation, "Bluejay," Junior students; recitation, "Birds in Spring," Leon Sayre; recitation, "Little Robin," Betty Wiltsie; song, "Plant Blossoms," Seniors; recitation, "Spring," Esther Wiltsie; recitation, "Mother Nature's New Carpet," Nina Dilla­ bough; recitation, "A Secret," Evelyn Wiltsie; song, School. Arbor Day Program, 1916 Song by school; "Arbor Day," Susie Spafford; "Somebody's Knock­ ing," Adelbert Walker; "Planting Himself to Grow," Howard Wilson; "Pine Needles," Henry \Viltse; "Coming of Spring," Bettie Wiltse; "The Mischievous Breeze," Charles Scutt: instrumental solo, Helen Mills; "Plant the Trees," Evelyn Wiltse; "A Secret," Leona Sayre; "I Used to Kill Birds," Howard Scanlon; "Tree Planting," Leon Sayre; "Origin of May Day," Harold Shepherd; song by the school; "The Rhodora," Rita Watts; "What the Sparrow Chirps," Mabel Spafford; quota­ tion, Lillian Reddy; quotation, Lucille Bothwell; Essay on Forestry, Donald Rogers; song by the school. The members of the village school appropriately observed Arbor day on Friday. In th€ morning a body of students from the training class and High school department held an informal program with Mr. Al­ bring who was planting some maple shade trees on his lawn. In the af­ ternoon, the program given above was given in the Assembly Hall. PUPILS ATTENDING IN 1883-84 Some of the pupils attending Hannibal School District No. 4 were as follows: Will Acker, David Adamy, Will Byrnes, May B. Rogers, Mack Lathrop, Chas. Closson, Nellie Pelton, Leona Hall, Georgia Perkins, Harlan Wiltse, Sheridan Wiltse, Byron Squires, Chas. Schoonmaker, George Ketchum, Rienza Bradt, Millie Dumas, David Taylor, Willie Wormer, Belle Smith, Bert Strong, Ernest Rice, Nortie Montgomery, Alice Hannibal, Walter Green, Kit Gilbert, Albert Farnham, Ava Douglass, Libbie Darling, Lua Bidwell, George Buttimer, Will Kent, Elston Wiltse, Estella Eldridge, Cora Draper, Calista Osborn, Altie Williams, Carrie Jones, Joseph Hawks, D. Maylor, B. Tillotson. The principal was Arthur W. Wiltse. Subjects taught were: History, Geometry, Grammar, Physiology, Algebra, Arithmetic, Latin, Spelling, Bookkeeping. PRIMARY DEPARTMENT-HANNIBAL GRADE SCHOOL June, 1901. Grade Promotion Promoted to Second Grade-John Broderick, John Draper, Frank Darling, Reginald Knapp, Ruth Lawrence, Harry Matson, Florence Padden, Genevieve Wiltse, Otto Van Sanford. Promoted to Third Grade-Grant Ecker, Stewart Guthrie, Mahala Hawks, Allen Lockwood, Goldie Palmer, Mary Wiltse. Intermediate Promoted to Fourth Grade-Agnes Althouse, Ray Crandell, Irene Draper, Ruth Fetterley, Clarence Hewitt, Mabel Matson, Frank Van Sanford. Promoted to Fifth Grade-Worden Chamberlain, Ethel Cox, Frank McIntyre. Promoted to Sixth Grade-Lena Brackett, Maude Fetterley, Clara Green, Vera Hoyt, Lionel Reed, Fred Shutts, Olive Wiltse, Fred Wiltse, Boyd Van Vleck. 75 Grammar Promoted to Seventh Grade-Ward Adamy, Wilfred Adamy, Fred Cox, Lewis Crandell, Lizzie Curtis, Belle Draper, Inez Gould, Donald MacDonald, Richard Powell, Mabel Scott, Claude Timerson, Philo Van Sanford, Charles Van Vleck. Promoted to Eighth Grade-Ethel Clark, Pearl Althouse, Robert Van Sanford, Nina Palmer, Blanche Broderick. HONOR ROLL. 1912-13 On account of the high quality of work, regularity in attendance and promptness, and for their excellent school spirit and deportment, the following honor grade students are promoted without final examina­ tions: To Second Grade--Lawrence Casey, Eleanor Lockwood, Bertha Youngs, Dorris Vl elling, Gertrude Lathrop, Daniel Harroune, Hazel Harroune. To Third Grade-Evelyn Wiltse, Bettie Wiltse, Muriel Manning, Howard Wilson, Helen Mills. To Fourth Grade-Nina Dillabough, Elizabeth Rice, Mahlon Matte­ son, Kenneth Wheeler. To Fifth Grade--Vera Cowles, Lucille Day, Mabel Duttry, Earl Doyle, Neil Engle.

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Fron1 How ( lt•t'1 1o right\: l,11c-il It• ,1nnni11µ: Ii. r:1nzp. Est ht•r \\'iltNt•. :\I nr­ guerlh• '.\lnnninµ; Fowlt•1·, Enrl Hnll. \\·nynt• .J:wkNon •. \rthur E,lwnrds. St•t•• tnul Ho"·: 1.uc·,· ('001u-r \\'ellinµ;. \\.illl,,1 Kt•nyon. l,t•on Snyrt•, '.\lnek l,:1thro1t. Ho"·:1rd St•:1111011. 'l'hird Ho"·: hmlu•I l,011µ:lc•y l,owdt•n. ('or1u•lla l>Ntl Hrnclt. Heh•n Jln1Non llottklnN, l,t•o11n Suyrt• (dt•t•t•nHed I. '.\lnrlon (~oodrieh (('roc•k• etts, :\. \'. I .llrN. gn·u Pnh•hln-'l't•nt•ht•14 In lu1ek~round. 76 To Sixth Grade-Leroy Armstrong, Willis Kenyon, Mack Lathrop, Lucille Manning, Marguerite Manning, Leona Sayre, Esther Wiltse. To Seventh Grade-Esther Ecker. To Eighth Grade-Christina Crandell, Mabel Eckard, George Minar, Gladys Padden, Marian Teague. HANNIBAL HIGH SCHOOL GRADUATES. 1901--1949 Class of 1901 Victor Adamy, Sadie Adamy, Bessie Boyd, Clide Cheeseman, Esther Hewitt, Ernest Hopper, Mae Shutts. Officers-President, Clide Cheeseman; secretary, Mae Shutts; treas- urer, Sadie Adamy. Motto-"Non Scholae, Sed Vitae Discimus." Class Colors-Green and white. Salutatorian-Mae Edna Shutts. Valedictorian-Clide Edward Cheeseman. Class of 1902 Belle Brackett (Mrs. James Gault), William Chillson, Grace Gillis (Mrs. Homer Linsley), Florence Greene (Mrs. George Grant), Frank M. Phillips, Zilpha Stickle (Mrs. Harry Powers), Bertha Wiltse (Mrs. Wade Gillis). Officers-President, Frank Phillips; secretary, Zilpha Stickle; treas-­ urer, Grace Gillis. CLASS YELL Rick a stick, rick a stick gee, Brick a brack, brick a brack brew, Hannibal, Hannibal, just a few. What do we do? What do we do? But win our diplomas in 1902.

('l,ASS OF tnot l•'ront ron· ( h•ft •: ~mile )I. Adnmy. "\"ktor .\chuny. ".\lne ~hntt,, Pnnmn.-. Duck ron·: l~r11e"t 1101,1,er. EMther Ht.•·wltt. UeNHle Hoycl ,vntHe. Cllcle t'het...cenaun. 77 Motto-"Rowing, Not Drifting." Class Colors-Black and orange. Class Flower-White rose. Salutatorian-Zilpha Stickle. Valedictorian-Frank Phillips. Class of 1903 Blanche Hall (Mrs. Roy Darling). Class of 1904 Mabel Pearl Campbell (Mrs. Luther Cooper), Grace Hewitt, Lee Roland Irwin, Roy A. Palmer, Mary Aletha Patchin (Mrs. Harrison M. Springer), Frank M. Phillips (Post Graduate), Bertha Wiltse (Mrs. Wade Gillis) (Post Graduate). Officers-President, Roy Palmer; vice-president, Alethea Patchin; secretary, Bertha Wiltse. Class Colors-White and red. Class Flower-Carnation. Motto-"Excelsior." CLASS YELL Rah! Rah! Rah! Zip! Bang! Boom! We are Hannibal, Give us room, Out of the way, Out of the door, We are the class Of nineteen four. Salutatorian­ Valedictorian- Class of 1905 Edgar Barlow, Mabel Crandell (Mrs. William Baggs), Lynn Farnum (deceased), Florence Greene (Mrs. George Grant) (Post Graduate), Mabel Hall (Mrs. Roy Palmer) (deceased), Lena Hewitt (Mrs. C. A. Cox), Esther Hewitt (Mrs. Bernam Moore) (Post Graduate), Lorilla Loomis (deceased), Victor Adamy (Post Graduate). Officers-President, Lynn Farnum; vice-president, Mabel Hall; sec­ retary and treasurer, Lena Hewitt. CLASS YELL Boom chicka boom, boom chicka ricka, Boom, boom, boom, Vee vo vive, we're alive; Hannibal, Hannibal, 1905-Tiger. Class Colors-Olive green and crin1son. Motto-"Truth." Class Flower-Red rose. Salutatorian-Lynn Farnum. Valedictorian-Mabel Hall. Class of 1906 Edgar Barlow (Post Graduate), Lorena Darling (Mrs. Thomas White), Mabel Hall (Mrs. Roy Palmer) (Post Graduate), Helen Hewitt (Mrs. Edward Fairley), Frank Myers, Ella Rogers (Mrs. Jesse Louns­ bury). Officers-President, Helen Hewitt; vice-president, Frank Myers; secretary and treasurer, Lorena Darling. Class Colors-Green and gold. 78 Class Flower-Yellow rose. Salutatorian­ Valedictorian- Class of 1907 Merrick Counsell, Nina Palmer (Mrs. Grover Showers), Ethan Ran­ dall, Homer Wilde (deceasErl). Karl G. Wormuth (deceased). Officers-President, Karl G. Wormuth; vice-president, Merrick M. Counsell; secretary, Nina G. Palmer. Class Colors-Nile and rose. Motto-"Nihil Sine Labore." Salutatorian-Merrick Counsell. Valedictorian-Homer Wilde. Class of 1908 Harry B. Dopp, Leonard Calvert. Emma J. Palmer (Mrs. Floyd Cooper), Bert Teachout, C. Emily Wiltse (Mrs. Fred Cox), Jessie Hall. Officers-President, Jesse E. Hall; vice-president, Leonard H. Cal- vert; secretary and treasurer, C. En1ily Wiltse. Class Colors-Purple and old gold. Motto-"Energy Wins the Way." Class Flower-Carnation. Salutatorian-Emma Palmer. Valedictorian-Jessie E. Hall. Class of 1909 E. Ward Adamy, Leon Harris, Raymond Jerrett, L. Mae Lewis, Frank Myers, Mabel Wilde. Officers-President, L. Mae Le\vis; secretary and treasurer, Mabel Wilde. Class Colors-Scarlet and gray. Motto-"lch Dien." Class Flower-Crimson rose. CLASS YELL Rickety, coax, coax, coax, Rickety, coax, coax, coax, 19 - 19 - 1909, Mehee, maha, mahahaha, Hannibal, Hannibal, Rah, Rah, Rah. Salutatorian-Mabel Wilde. Valedictorian-L. Mae Lewis. Class of 1910 Crossman Calvert, Ada Engle, Amy Hewitt, Fred Kent, Rhea Lewis, Ethel Robinson. Mae Scott. Officers-President, Rhea Lewis; vice-president, Ada Engle, secre- tary and treasurer, Mae Scott. Class Colors-Red and black. Motto-"Esse Quam Videri." Class Flower-American Beauty rose (or red rose). CLASS YELL One, two, three, four, Who for? What for? Hannibal, Hannibal. What then? 19 - 19 - 1910. Salutatorian-C. Crossman Calvert. Valedictorian-Ad a Engle. 79 Note-Class of 1910 were the first to wear red armbands with black figures (1910) and carry small red flags with black letters H. H. S. Class of 1911 Bertha Myers, Ruth Ames (Mrs. Howard Cole), Mildred Braga (Mrs. Raymond Howell), Lucy Durkee (Mrs. James Hopkins), Cecil Titus (Mrs. Clarence Johnson). Officers- Class Colors-019: rose and white. Motto-"Non Finis Sed Initium." Class Flower-Carnation. Salutatorian-Lucy Durkee. Valedictorian-Ruth E. Ames. Class of 1912 Marie Dillabaugh, Viola Shutts, Grace Hawkins, Sadie Campbell, Annabel Ellers, Martha Gray, Stewart Guthrie, Allen Lockwood, Lloyd Palmer. Officers-President, Allen Lockwood; secretary, Annabel Ellers. Motto-"Tonight We Launch; Where Shall We Anchor?" Class Colors-Red and white. Salutatorian-Marie Dillabaugh. Valedictorian-Viola Shutts. Class of 1913 Ethel Byrne, Gaynelle Albring, Ed\vard Waldron, Hazel Campbell, Laura Sayre, Harold Stevens. Officers-President, Gaynelle Albring; vice-president, Harold Stevens; treasurer, Ethel Byrne. Motto-"Be Sharp, Be Natural, But Never Be Flat." Class Flower-Pink and white roses. Class Colors-Old rose and silver gray. Salu ta tori an-Hazel Campbell. Valedictorian-Edward Waldron. Class of 1914 Lulu F. Adamy, Arthur J. Eno, Maurice A. Hall, E. Stanley Moore, Bertha C. Muckey, Kathryn B. Sayre, Martha M. Shutts, Mildred M. Stevens. Officers-President, Maurice A. Hall; vice-president, Martha M. Shutts; secretary and treasurer, Mildred M. Stevens. Motto-"Our Aim: Success; Our Hope: To Win." Class Colors-Brown and cream. Class Flo\ver-Yellow and white rose. Salutatorian-Bertha Muckey. Valedictorian-Mildred M. Stevens. Class of 1915 Elinor Babcock, Rena Burt, Rose Ford, John Forscutt, Harold How­ land. Everett Kampe!, Florence Welling (Mrs. Winifred Welling), Rob­ ert Metcalf, Amy Stone, Brink Van Hoesen, Marion Wiltse (Mrs. Walter Dunham). Officers-President, Robert Metcalf; secretary, Elinor Babcock; treasurer, Rose Ford. Class Colors-Blue and white. Class Flower-White carnation. Salutatorian--Marion Wiltse. Valedictorian-Elinor Babcock. Class of 1916 Frances Blake, Helen Cole (Mrs. Raymond Shutts), Lucille Crockett, 80 Arthur Hall, Harry Hendricks, Ralph Hiney, Grace L. Marvin, Donald Rogers, Susie Spafford (Mrs. Maurice Hall). Officers-President, Helen Cole; vice-president, Arthur Hall; secre- tary, Lucille Crockett; treasurer, Susie Spafford. Class Colors-Green and cream. Motto-"To Be Rather Than to Seem." Salutatorian-Lucille R. Crockett. Valedictorian-Susie Spafford. Class of 1917 Ruth Baldwin, Wallace Bradt, Mary Ball (deceased), Mabel Cooper (Mrs. Curtis Cooper), Irma Cummins (deceased), Elston Ecker, Ger­ trude Farnham (Mrs. Philip Haws), Fern Hamblett (deceased), Clar­ ence Johnson, Florence Liggett, Doris Miller, Frances Rice, Harold Shepherd, Mabel Spafford, Bessie Tompkins, Reta Watts, George Wiltse. Officers-President, Elston Ecker; vice-president, Mary Ball; secre- tary, Frances Rice; treasurer, Florence Liggett. Motto-"Wish Less, Do More." Class Colors-Green and white. Class Flower-White rose. Salutatorian-Frances Rice. Valedictorian-George Wiltse. Class of 1918 Ruth Barnes, Marion Babcock, Muriel Deane, Marie Deane, Mabel Eckard, Walter Hornburg, Seth Kampel, Helen Matson, Lillian Reddy, Clifford Robinson, Gordon Sturge, Florence Van Wie. Officers-President, Clifford Robinson; vice-president, Helen Matson; secretary, l\tluriel Deane; treasurer, Lillian Reddy. Motto-"Excelsior." Class Colors-Red, white and blue. Class Flower-White rose. Salu tatorian-Lillian Reddy. Valedictorian-Helen Matson. Class of 1919 Dorris Mabel Metcalf, Ruth Deal Carroll, Marian Elmina Welling, Hattie Irene Van Wie, Ruth Edna Marlett, Christina R. Crandell. Officers-President, Dorris Mabel Metcalf; secretary, Ruth Edna Marlett; treasurer, Hattie Irene Van Wie. Motto-"Not on the Heights, But Climbing." Class Flower-La France rose. Class Colors-Silver gray and pink. Salutatorian-Hattie Irene Van Wie. Valedictorian-Dorris M. Metcalf. Class of 1920 Marjorie Bernice Adle, Ruth Marie Dunham, Nina Irene Eno, Bessie Pearl Fowler, Harold Earl Haven, Charlotte Lucille Manning, Helen Margaret Randall, Mack Lathrop, Helen Winifred Randall, Leona M. Sayre, Vera Elizabeth Smith, Delia N. Williams, Stanley Lawrence Westover, Esther Mae Wiltse, Grace Dorothy Upcraft. Officers-President, Mack Irwin Lathrop; vice-president, Marjorie Adle; secretary, Charlotte Lucille Manning; treasurer, Lawrence Stanley Westover. Motto-"Give to the World the Best You Have and the Best Will Come Back to You." Class Flower-Sweet pea. Class Colors-Gold and white. Salutatorian-Esther Mae Wiltse. Valedictorian-Nina Irene Eno. 81 Class of 1921 January, 1921-Kenneth Upcraft, E. Brink Van Hoesen. June, 1921-Robert Lockwood, Grace Gallagher, Marie Gallagher, Newman Johnson, Evelyn King, Mabel Dotterer, Esther Marlett, Ger­ trude Sturge, Dorris Upcraft, Ivan Pittroff, Neil Engle. Officers-President, Mabel Dotterer; secretary, Esther Marlett; treas- urer, Gertrude Sturge. Class Flower-Pink carnations. Motto-"Quality, Not Quantity." Salutatorian-Gertrude Sturge. Valedictorian-Mabel Dotterer. Class of 1922 June, 1922-Elisabeth S. Rice, Evelyn M. McGlen, Myrtle A. Phillips, Hazel M. U pcraft, Mary Ellen Stevens, George M. Tindall, Hazel Merle Jackson, Ella 0. Wheeler, Mabel L. Davis, Leon H. Sayre, Mahlon B. Matteson, Paul M. Riley. January, 1922-Lloyd W. Tyler. Officers-President, Elisabeth S. Rice; vice-president, Evelyn M. McGlen; secretary, Myrtle A. Phillips; treasurer, Hazel M. Upcraft. Class Flower-Sweet peas. Class Colors-Blue and white. Motto-"Out of the Harbor into Deep Channels." Salutatorian-Hazel M. Upcraft. Valedictorian-Eliza beth S. Rice. Class of 1923 Maurice Lockwood, Colby Longley, Lucy McGlen, Urla McLymond, Helen Mills, Ethel Palmer, Frances T. ViVier, Howard Wilson, Marion Blake, Ned Babcock, Florence Brown, Leona Bruder, Wayne Gleason, Verna Gray, Eleanor Lockwood, Donald Shutts, Evelyn Wiltse. Officers-President, Leona Bruder; vice-president, Ned Babcock; treasurer, Frances ViVier; secretary, Donald Shutts. Motto-"N ot Evening, but Dawn." Class Colors-Green and white. Class Flower-Pink rosebud. Salutatorian-Leona Bruder. Valedictorian-Helen Mills. Class of 1924 Adelia Bruder, Helen Cooper, Robert Cook, Vera Cowles, Harold Horton, Winfield Kranze, Gertrude Lathrop, Annie Lenton, Dorothy Little, Muriel Manning, Louise Matteson, Gladys Perkins, Evada Randall, Gladys Randall, Harold Riley, Bernice Tyler, Dorris Welling, Bertha Youngs. Officers-President, Louise Matteson; vice-president, Adelia Bruder; treasurer, Bernice Tyler; secretary, Gertrude Lathrop. Class Colors-Blue and gold. Class Flower-Sweet pea. Motto-"We Have Crossed the Bay, the Ocean Lies Beyond." Salutatorian-Harold Horton. Valedictorian-Helen Cooper. Class of 1925 Harriette Andrews, Paul Eno, Agnes Flint, Mildred Cosgrove, Marion Goodrich, John Gray, William Matson, Roderick Matson, Lena Schouten, Crafton Phelps, Irene Travis, Clarence Schelleng, Thola Summerville, Helen Wells, Florence Sturge, Alice Guinup, l\1arion Day, Karl Kellogg, Laura Wheeler. Officers-President, Paul Eno; vice-president, Agnes Flint; secre­ tary, Marion Goodrich; treasurer, William Matson. 82 Class Colors-Purple and gold. Class Flower-Pansy. Motto-"42" (Four Square). Salutatorian-Paul Eno. Valeditorian-Irene Travis. Class of 1926 Harold Blake, Glenn Blodgett, Franklyn Barry, Sylvia Bruder, Samuel Cook. Madge Pittroff, Dorothy Upcraft, Meda Cooper, Verner Cox, Norma Eno, Clarence Hendricks, Barbara Horton, Howard Van Wie, Frances Kranze; George Longley, Margaret Lindsley, Harris Lockwood, Bernice Place. Bettie Wilsie. Officers-President, Margaret Lindsley; vice-president, Harris Lock- wood; secretary, Frances Kranze; treasurer, Howard Van Wie. Class Colors-Violet and white. Class Jtlower-Tea rose. Motto-"Veni Vidi Vici." Salutatorian-Sylvia Bruder. Valedictorian-Norma Eno. Class of 1927 Franklyn Adsitt, Ruth Bortel, Mildred Cooper, Grace Flint, Edna Guin up, Madeleine Hill, Carroll Johnson, Frances Stock, Raymond Scott, William Simmons, Elizabeth Simmons, Grace Welling, A vis Washburne, Eugene Woodworth, Agnes Welling, Henry Wiltse. Officers-President, Ruth Bartel; vice-president, Madeleine Hill; sec- retary, Avis Washburne; treasurer, Franklyn Adsitt. Class Colors-Black and gold. Class Flower-Yellow rose. Motto-"Launched But Not Anchored." Salutatorian-Frances Stock. Valedictorian-Eugene Wood worth. Class of 1928 Marion Andrews. Elsa Blanchard. Harry Cummins, Carlyle Dugan, Rita Ecker, Silvia Finck, Gertrude Gillis, Dorris Gillis, Adeline Gove, Elleda Hackett, Alieda Hallo~rs, lVIarion Harris, Mable Hendricks, Helen Hopkins, Merle Longley, Donald Simmons, Esther Smith, Averil Thompson, Ruth Tyler, Arthur Waldron. Officers-President, Mable Hendricks; vice-president, Rita Ecker; secretary. Marion Harris; treasurer, Averil Thompson. Class Colors-Old rose and silver. Class Flower-Pink rose. Motto-"Watch Us Climb!" Salutatorian-Rita R. Ecker. Valedictorian-Ruth Tyler. Class of 1929 Academic Diplomas-Margaret Bruder, John Cox, Frances Good­ man, Abner Jackson, Mary Pierce, Louise Powers. Reta Scott, Rachel Skinner, Gilbert Simmons, Lois Teachout, Clara Wilke. School Diplomas-Helen Adle, Claire Engle, Helen Hoppins, George Hudson, Margaret Summerville, Harry Ward, Richard Wilke, Bernard Welling, Edward Williamson, Ivan Williamson. Homemaking-Vera Adle. Agriculture-Donald Tall. Officers-President, Mary Pierce; vice-president, Clara Wilke; sec- retary-treasurer, George Hudson. Class Colors-Green and gold. Class Flower-Shamrock. Motto-"Pluck, Not Luck." 83 Salutatorian-Donald Tall. Valedictorian-Rachel Skinner. Class of 1930 Academic Diplomas-Harold Gillis, Myrtle Guinup, Miles Fairley, Bernice Hopkins, Marjorie Lockwood, Lorena VanAuken, Ruth Palm. er, Marion Palmer, Stanley Phillips, Lynn Shufelt, Milton Upcraft, Opal Topping, Frances Van Patten, Viola Finck. School Diploma~-Harold Crockford, Amos Horton, Horace Wilson. Officers-President, Harold Gillis; vice-president, Lynn Shufelt; secretary-treasurer, Marion Palmer. Class Colors-Red and white. Class Flower-Peony. Motto-"Non Scholae Sed Vitae." Salutatorian-Myrtle Guinup. Valedictorian-Lynn Shufelt. Class of 1931 George Adsitt, Sheldon Brackett, Evelyn Blake, Cecelia Bruder, Evelyn Blodgett, Fred Durbin, Marie Andrews, Irwin Eno, l\lionica Hall, Luther Hannum, Stephen Howell, Beatrice Howell, Carlton Hud­ son, Nina Holsapple, Mary Irwin, Eileen McFarland, Winfield McMil­ len, Robert Russell, l\liarian Simmons, Velma Wallace. Officers-President, Luther Hannum; vice-president, Evelyn Blake; secretary, Cecelia Bruder; treasurer, Fred Durbin. Class Flower-Red rose. Class Colors-Red and black. Class Motto-"We can, We Will." Salutatorian-Evelyn Blake. Valedictorian-Fred Durbin. Class of 1932 Andrea Andrews, Laura Andrews, Melvin Blanchard, Levi Brackett, Virginia Shutts Bush, Robert W. Cox, Winifred Crofoot, Charles Chill­ son, Jean DeHollander, Laura Draper, Frances Dunning, Frances Drice, Allen Fowler, Eugene Fresch, Cedric Goodman, Mildred Hop­ pins, George McFarland, Nellie Maroney, Virginia Marsh, Robert Par­ sons, Evart Stowell, Ruth Squires; Lillian Tyler, William Thompson, Stewart Walker, Iva Walker, Earl Williamson, Freida Wilke. Officers-President, Freida Wilke; secretary, Mildred Hoppins. Motto-"Dawn, Not Dusk." Class Colors-Green and white. Salutatorian-William Thompson. Valedictorian-Winifred Crofoat. Class of 1933 Robert Adamy, Carl Battreal, George Broderick, Joseph Broderick, Laura Chillson, Raymond Crego, Seth Durbin, Maynard Gardner, Edna Flint, Carrie Hall, Gordon Howell, Clifford Keller, Fred Lock­ wood, Frank Lockwood, William Malone, Ann Maroney, Marietta McDeavitt, Robert McMillen, Iona Neild, Helen Pellett, Dorothy Pal­ mer, Francis Place, William Reid, Evelyn Showers, Thelma Swarthout, Kathryn L. Searing, Beryl Teachout, Jane Tillotson, Evelyn Titus, Evelyn Van Patten, Raymond Wallon, Ella Ward, George Welling, Ernest Welling, Nan Welling, Mary Williams. Officers-President, Dorothy Palmer; vice-president, Francis Place; secretary-treasurer, Marietta Mc Deavi tt. Class Colors-Royal blue and gold. Class Flower-Yellow rose. Motto-"Qui Erimus Nunc Fimus." (What We Are to Be, We Are Now Becoming). 84 Salutatorian-Fred S. Lockwood. Valedictorian-Dorothy Palmer. Class of 1934 Joseph Adle, Albert Bishop, Sam Cali, Mable Gray, Athol Gardner, June Goodman, Catherine Harris, Marjorie Howell, Arthur Lindo, Vivian Megraw, Marion A. McMillen, Mary E. Malone, John M:qlone, George Miller, Leila Scott, Roger Shutts, Theln1a Stock, Barbara Tyler, Myra Van Alstine, Ernest Welling, Mary Elizabeth Welling. Officers-President, Barbara Tyler; vice-president, June Goodman; secretary, Athol Gardner; treasurer, Thelma Stock. Class Flower-Yellow rose. Class Colors-Yellow and white. Motto-"Rowing, Not Drifting." Salutatorian-Albert Bishop. Valedictorian-Marion McMillen. Class of 1935 Mary Adamy, Frances Barry, Margaret Chillson, Marian Cooper, Miriam Campbell, Victor Dennison, Lee Fairley, Harold Fuller, Elmina Fuller, Gilbert Guinup, Arthur Harris, Iva Howell, Evelyn Jones, Lawrence Kellogg, Marjorie McGlenn, Carl Maroney. Charles Mc­ Millen, Frances Perkins, Malcolm Rice, Alford Winden, Raymond Strauss. Officers-President, Marjorie l\,IcGlen; vice-president; Charles Mc- Millen; treasurer, Lee Fairley; secretary, Mary Adamy. Class Colors-Purple and white. Class Flower-White rose. Motto-"Keep Climbing." Salutatorian-Elmina Fuller. Valedictorian-Lee Fairley. Class of 1936 Boys-Arthur Adamy, Harold Blanchard. Ross Cooner, Daniel Di­ Bello, Ralph Ecker, William Gault, Elwyn Kyle, Maynard Lonis, ·win­ field McEachron, Karl Place, Hugh Showers, William Strowbridge, Wilbur Weaver, George Wiesen, Leon Woodworth. Girls-Nellie Blanchard, Marinda Cooper, Thressa Campbell, Eunice Correll, Dorothy Curtis, Nellie DeHollander, Helen Dennison, Alice Edgerton, Arlene Flack, Harriet Forsythe, Velma Jean Forsythe, Kath­ ryn Gault, Alice Hudson, Lucille McCarthy, Dorothy Matson, Janet Monnoyer, Mildred Newsbaum, Helen Simmons, Arlene Washburne, Eunice Welling. Officers-President, Kathryn Gault; vice-president. William Strow­ bridge; secretary, Arlene Washburne; treasurer, Dorothy Matson; class adviser, Mr. Johnson. Officers of the Student Council-President, Wilbur Weaver; vice- president, Eunice Welling: secretary and treasurer, Ruth Ecker ('38). Class Flower-White rose. Class Colors-Orange and brown. Motto-"Don't Dodge Difficulties." Salutatorian-Leon Woodworth. Valedictorian-Thressa Campbell. Class of 1937 Girls-Rita Broderick, Gladys Dennison, Irene Flint, Dorothea Hall, Betty Barry Howe, Mary Keville, Grace Kilmer, l\'ladge Mills, Joyce Monnoyer, Louise McEachron, Eva Randall, Iolene Rombough. Lucille Shutts, Dorothy Thompson. Charlotte Viele, Florence Ward, Betty Williams, Merle Williams, Grace Wiltse. Boys-Harry Darling, William Davidson, Francis Dennison, Harold 85 Dennison, Lewis Ecker, Neil Hall, Harry Howland. Ralph Keeling, Edward Kilmer, Daniel Mills, Francis Malone, Paul Malone, Milton Marsh, Harold Matthews, Reed McFarland, Ray McMillen, Rowland Randall, Joseph Summerville, Robert Wheeler. Officers-President, Madge Mills; vice-president, Harry Darling; secretary, Betty Williams; treasurer, Dorothea Hall; Student Council, Florence Ward, Edward Kilmer; class advisor, Miss Richardson. Class Flower-White rose. Class Colors-Crimson and white. Motto-"Work, 1Wait, Win." Salu tatorian-Florence Ward. Valedictorian-Madge Mills. Class of 1938 Girls-Irene Wells Blanchard, Mrs. Helen Broderick, Almina Camp­ bell, Clara May Calloway, Mary Cole, Eleanor Cooper, Inez Correll, Marjorie Crofoot, Carrie DiBello, Catherine Ecker, Ruth Ecker, Jean Gannon, Marjorie Gifford, lvlarian Myers, Marjorie Parsons, Alice Peck, Margaret Perkins, Alice Place, Alma Rounds, Gertrude Smith, Avis Townsend, Edith Williams. Boys-Donald Farden, Milton Heckart, Richard Hoppins, Arthur Neild, Charles Pratt, Kenneth Schoolcraft, Riley Scott, Norman Sim­ mons, Allen Warner, Charles Warner, Jack Welling, Robert Whitney, Jay Wilde. Officers-President, Ruth Ecker; vice-president, Mary Cole; secre­ tary, Jean Gannon; treasurer, Mrs. Helen Broderick; Student Council, Marjorie Gifford, Robert vVhitney; class adviser, Miss Helen Richard­ son. Class Flower-Yellow rose. Class Colors-Blue and white. Motto-"Always Lead, Never Follow." Salutatorian-Ruth Ecker. Valedictorian-Marjorie Gifford. Class of 1939 Girls-Annette Bentley, Beatrice Blount, Jane Burgdorf. Ina Cro­ foot, Madalyn Davidson, Myrle Dugan, Katherine Kampel, Barbara Kitts, Charlotte McGlen, Minabelle Stock, Adelaide Van Patten, Ruth Van Patten. Boys-Donald Bartholomew, John Bishop, Gordon Crandell, Warren Darling, Joseph Gannon, Merle Howland, John Kitts, Ross McMillen, Maurice Parsons, Francis Scanlon, Clarke Showers, Erwin Shutts, Kenneth Schaefer. Officers-President, Jane Burgdorf; vice-president, Annette Bentley; secretary, Myrle Dugan; treasurer, Warren Darling; Student Council, Katherine Kampel, Erwin Shutts; class adviser, Miss Helen Richard­ son. Class Flowers-Red roses and lilies of the valley. Class Colors-Maroon and white. Motto-"Backbone and Not Wishbone." Salutatorian-Katherine Kampel. Valedictorian-Annette Bentley. Class of 1940 Girls-Grace Calkins, Lillian Chillson, Lucille Cole, Madelyn Dugan, Marian Hall, Marguerite Hendricks, Esther Horth, Alma Irwin, Mar­ jorie Kampel, Susie Lamie, Shirley Parmley, Mary Parry, Marjorie Scott, Elizabeth Seippel, Mildred Tillotson, Phyllis Welling. Boys-Robert Avery, Leonard Earle, Carl Fowler, Gordon Gault, Harry Hendricks, Lyle McGlen, William Prior, Benjamin Stock, Gor­ don Stowell, Kenneth Waldron. 86 Officers-President, Phyllis Welling; vice-president, Leonard Earle; secretary, Esther Horth; treasurer, Mildred Tillotson; Student Council, Benjamin Stock, president; Marjorie Kampel; class advisers, Miss Margaret Mekeel, Principal L. E. Johnson. Class Flower-Yellow rose. Class Colors-Black and gold. Motto-"Work Yields Success." Salutatorian-Esther Horth. Valedictorian-Lillian Ch illson. Class of 1941 Girls-Betty Axtell, Esther Bishop, LaVerne Bowman, Beatrice Caswell, Phyllis Crandell, Marian Darby, Dorothy Garrett, Janice Gault, Sheila Howell, Lenora Kitts, Teresa Malone, Marjorie Scanlon, Dorothy Scott, Betty Wallace, Eva Welling, Lillian Welling. Boys-Warren Campbell, Luman Chase, Floyd Chillson, Dewey Crofoot, Benjamin DiBello, Bernard Dennison, Donald Fowler, Sidney Hall, Karl Harris, Kenneth Harris, Roy Harris, Arthur Haws, Warren Hendricks, Harry Lockwood, Earl Longley, Frederick McFarland, Samuel Patane, Ward Shortslef, Donald Wheeler. Officers-President, Harry Lockwood; vice-president, Betty Axtell; secretary, Sheila Howell; treasurer, Bernard Dennison; Student Coun­ cil, Dewey Crofoot; president, Dorothy Scott; class advisers, Miss Margaret Mekeel, Principal L. E. Johnson. Class Flower-Orchid. Class Colors-Navy and crimson. Motto-"Backward Never, Forward Ever." Salutatorian-Esther Bishop. Valedictorian-Sheila Howell. Class of 1942 Girls-Elizabeth Adamy, Barbara Axtell, Margaret Buttimer, Doro­ thy Coolican, Clarice Crofoot, Phyllis Ecker, Luella Green, Lillian Guinup, Jean Hovey, Elizabeth Kitts, Elizabeth Ann Mead, Alice l\1c­ Devitt, Jean Monnoyer, Agnes Patane, Eleanor Patane, Pauline Pel­ lett, Dorothy Shutts, Hilda Stowell, Linda Stowell, Carolyn Sweet, Ruth Wallace, Mavis Welling. Boys-Fred Brett, Charles Burgdorf, Richard Calloway, George Chillson, Arthur Crofoot, Nelson Darling, Clarence Dunham, John Gifford, Frank Gugula, Fred Lockwood, Russell Matthews, Marion Teachout, William Williams. Officers-President, Nelson Darling; vice-president, Richard Callo­ way; secretary, Arthur Crofoot; treasurer, Hilda Stowell; Student Council, Frank Gugula, president; Betty Adamy; class advisers, Miss Margaret Mekeel, Principal L. E. Johnson. Class Flower-Red carnation. Class Colors-Red, white and blue. Motto-"He Conquers Who Endures." Salutatorian-Nelson Darling. Valedictorian-Clarence Dunham. Class of 1943 Girls-Mavis Baldwin, Shirley Chillson, June Cole, Louise Cooper, Evelyn Flack, Lucy Garbus, Carillon Howland, Betty Irwin, Cecili:1 Malone, Norma Marsh, Dora Neild, Marian Parsons, Adeline Wasson, Patricia Welling, Dorothy Wheeler. Boys-Ralph Abbott, Donald Anthony, Harvey Anthony, Lee Cro­ foot, Leon DiBello, Ross Dunsmoor, Robert Howland, Bruce Ingersoll, Ward Lyons, Leonard Marsh, George Scanlon, James Shutts, Lyndon Sweet, Gordon Thompson. Officers-President, Lee Crofoot; vice-president, George Scanlon; 87 secretary, Dorothy Wheeler; treasurer, June Cole; Student Council, James Shutts, Louise Cooper; class advisers, Miss Margaret Mekeel, Principal L. E. Johnson. Class Flower-American Beauty rose. Class Colors-Steel gray and scarlet. Motto-"We Can, We Must Succeed." Salutatorian-Shirley Chillson. Valedictorian-Donald Anthony. Class of 1944 Juanita Baldwin, Shirley Crissy, Lillian Crofoot, Donna Gleason, Mary Gray, Pauline Nicolls, Harriet Perkins. Myrtle Petrie, Virginia Umbeck, Barbara Hendricks, Lucille Erwin, Winona Lyons, Marjorie Marsh, Janice Monnoyer, Alice Scott, Shirley Smith, Betty Stock, Nina Williamson. Allan Cox, Merton Cronkite, Richard Dunh :-im, James Gannon, Claude Ingersoll, Paul Keysor, Theodore R. Kitts, Alfred Lum, Lawrence Malone, Dewitt Neild, Donald Sheldon, Melvin Sherman, John Thompson, Jack Barry, Franklin Hall. Officers-President, Janic2 Monnoyer; vice-president, Paul Keysor; secretary. Donna Gleason; treasurer, John Tho.mpson. Class Flower-Rose. Class Colors-Blue and gray. Motto-"Victory Ever, Defeat Never." Salutatorian-Virginia Umbeck. Valedictorian-Donald Sheldon. Class of 1945 Girls-Alice Baldwin, Mary Jane Barlow. Irene Clancy, Geraldine Crissy, Sylvia Gannon, Carolyn Gault, Victoria Gugula, Lucretia Keeney, Beverley Marsh, Therese Scanlon, Evelyn Shortslef, Marie Van Deusen. Boys-Franklin Bishop, Luthur Dennison, Hobert Hall, Roger Kel­ logg. Robert LaClair. Otis Sennett, Clifford Stowell. Officers-President, Roger Kellogg; vice-president, Robert LaClair; secretary, Irene Clancy. treasurer, Alice Baldwin: Student Council. Geraldine Crissy, Franklin Bishop; class advisers, Miss Carruba, Prin­ cipal L. E. Johnson. Class Flower-White Carnation. Class Colors-Scarlet and \vhite. Motto-"Launched-Not Anchored.'' Salutatorian-Irene Clancy. Valedictorian-Franklin Bishop. Class of 1946 Betty McMillen Adamy, Dorothy Barton, June Bickford, Kathryn Crofoot, Marie Dunham, Irene Dunsmoor, Marge Dykstra, Dorothy Fo\vler, Bernice Hall, Agnes Malone, Dorothy Matthews. Paulin? Shutts, Pauline Stock, Mari Lou Thompson, Margaret Simpkins, Mar­ garet Wasson, Richard Abbott, Albert Curtis, Dana Johnson, Robert lviorrell, Rob'2rt Shortslef, Robert Thompson. Officers-President, Dana Johnson; vice-president, Robert Thomp­ son: secretary, Margaret Wasson; treasurer, Margaret Simpkins; Stu­ dent Council, Bernice Hall, Albert Curtis; class advisers, Miss Carruba, Mr. Johnson. Class Flower-Yellow rose. Class Colors-Royal blue and gold. Motto-"Knowledge Comes, Wisdom Lingers." Salutatorian-Pauline Shutts. Valedictorian-Pauline Stock. Class of 194 7 Betty Anthony, Claudine Blake, Roger Blanchard, Robert Carter, 88 Margaret Cook, Robert Cooper, Betty Crandell, Lucille Dunsmoor, Carol Earner, Joan Flohr, Nelda Hall, Robert Haws, Eugene Horn, George Kranze, Robert Lamie, Richard Lawrence, Betty Marsh, Frieda Parkhurst, Eleanor Randall, Brian Simson, Marilyn Thompson, Carol Tyler, Dorothy Welling, Phyllis Westerman, Royal Westcott, Doris Wiltse, John Wiltse, William Zukovsky. Officers-President, K. Robert Cooper; vice-president, George Kranze; secretary, Betty Anthony; treasurer, Doris Wiltse. Class Flower-White carnation. Class Colors-Maroon and white. Motto-"Ad Astra Per Aspera." Salutatorian-Doris Wiltse. Valedictorian-Margaret Cook. Class of 1948 Betty Jane Colvin, Robert Stanley Cummins. James Arthur Dun­ ham, Rosario Finistrella, Mariah Margaret Fox, Wayne Alfred Kellogg, Anna Louise Kemp, Theodore Jay Lamie, Madeline Joyce Lyons, Francis Burton McIntyre. Lucille McIntyre, Donald Richard Malone, Helen Marjorie Malone, Barbara Marie Matthews, Anne Laura Paw­ lenko, Barbara Jean Perkins, John Melville Pierce, Jr., Beverly Belle Plummer, Stella Belle Sampson, Joanne Mary Scanlon, Mary Sophia Scott, Virginia May Stock, Janet Marie Thompson, Donald Lester Wiltse. Officers-President, Wayne Kellogg; vice-president, Barbara Per- kins; secretary, Helen Malone; treasurer, Barbara Matthews. Class Flower-Yellow rose. Class Colors-Green and white. Motto-"Achieve Glory Through Knowledge." Salutatorian-Barbara Matthews. Valedictorian-Janet Thompson. Class of 1949 Girls-Charlotte Blodgett., Lois Cook, Lucy Cook, Frances Groes­ beck, Shirley Irwin, Faye Kellogg, Tillie Pawlenko, Helen Roden, Mary Ellen Shortslef, Mary Simmons, Beverly Sitzer, Arlene Yarrow (graduated January, 1949). Boys-James Blackburn, Charles Calkins, Leon Dunbar, Charles Farnsworth, Joseph LaRocca, James Lockwood, Charles Malone, Harold Plummer, John Scott, John Sennett, Donald Wallace, Robert Wiltse. Officers-President, Robert Wiltse; vice-president, Donald Wallac2; secretary, Lucy Cook; treasurer, Faye Kellogg. Class Flower-White rose. Class Colors-Blue and white. Motto-"Esse Quam Videri.'' Salutatorian-Robert Wiltse. Valedictorian-Shirley Irwin. HANNIBAL TRAINING CLASS GRADUATES, 1914-1933 Class of 1914 Ethel Byrne, Inez Dunham, Annabel Ellers, Mildred German, Grace Hawkins, Julia Hill, Edward Waldron. Officers-President, Edward Waldron; vice-president, Mildred Ger- man; secretary and treasurer, Inez Dunham. Motto-"Excelsior" (Higher). Class Colors-Pink and blue. Class Flower-Carnation. 89 ~ 0 l:- t\ .. t~ :l'·~,-·~, ~-,_-;( \ ~ .. -,:;- ·" -~------:~>·w·. :fil~>,. {f),___ ~- ),.. ~~;)..,,.,.. Jt,~ -~-

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1949 GHA.DrATING CL.\SS Front row. left to right: Prlnl'i1u1I Edgar Heebe. Helen Uotlen. Prnnees Groesbe<•k. Shirley Irwin, Chnrlotte BlodA·ett. Fu1·e Kellogg, 'l'lllle Pin,·h•nko, :lliss {'nrruhn. St>t~ontl ro,,·: Chnrles C11lkh1s, .hnueN Loekn·ood. l,eon Ilunhnr. :,1nry Sl ■ nn1011H. 1,ue:.· Cook, I.oh, ('ook, 11.-,·erly Sltzt.•r. lllnry l<~llt.•n SlaortNlet'. CluarleM l<"nr ■ aN""·ort'I•• •• :!~!~.:"!. 1;-.C:!!!!~!.~~ lloh•••·~ ,,·u•-•·· ,...,., ...... ,,.. ·•••••••·- lll••••kl1••r••· .l.c•,cc-w»la ■ ... .111&•• ◄ •••••· •> ◄•••••••• ,,,...... _ -••••••• No1•••••- ...... , ... _ ""•••••••••"' Class of 1915 Lula Adamy, Arthur Eno, Martha Gray, Martha Shutts, Amy Stone, Brink Van Hoesen, Marion Wiltse, Ethel Youngs. Class Colors-Yellow and white. Class Flower-White Daisy. Class of 1916 Elinor Babcock, Frances Blake, Helen M. Cole, Agnes M. Farden, Gladys Knapp, Stella McLymond, Florence Lockwood, Lloyd Palmer, Susie Spafford. Officers-President, Helen M. Cole. Class of 1917 Mary Ball, Mabel Cooper, Irma Cummins, Gertrude Farnham, Fem Hamblet, Laura McIntyre, Dorris Miller, Mable Spafford, Bessie Tomp­ kins, Reta Watts. Class of 1918 Ruth Baldwin, Ruth Barnes, Florence Liggett, Frances Rice, Marian Tyler, Una Ball, Mabel Eckard, Lillian Reddy, Florence Van Wie. Officers-President, Frances Rice; vice-president, Ruth Baldwin. Class of 1919 Bessie M. Andrews, Estella Belle Horn, Lucy A. Cooper, Marjorie Helen Reed, Eva M. Crockford, Ruth Deal Carroll. Officers-President, Bessie M. Andrews; vice-president, Lucy A. Cooper; secretary and treasurer, Estella Belle Horn. Motto-"Tonight We Launch, Where Shall We Anchor?" Class Flower-Daisy. Class Colors-Green, yellow and white. Class of 1920 Marjorie B. Adle, Marion Babcock, Marie G. Bauer, Eva M. Crock­ ford, Cornelia Deal, Ruth M. Dunham, Nina Irene Eno, Bessie Fowler, Dorris M. Metcalf, Ruth E. Marlett, Mae E. Reynolds, Mildred B. Sharpe, Vera E. Smith, Grace D. Upcraft, Hattie I. Van Wie, Marion Welling. Officers-President, Marie Bauer; vice-president, Ruth Marlett; secretary, Hattie Van Wie; treasurer, Ruth Dunham. Motto-"Out of School Life into Life's School." Class Flower-Pink rose. Class Colors-Blue and gold. Flower Children-Maynard Gardner, Alta Godfrey. Class of 1921 Helen W. Randall, Mabel Dotterer, Ellen Hall, Leona Sayre, Lucille Manning, Helen M. Randall, Delia Williams, Elston Ecker. Officers-President, EHen Hall; secretary, Lucille Manning; treas­ urer, Delia Williams. Class Flower-Pink tea rose. Motto-"We Finish to Begin." Class of 1922 Teacher-Mrs. Clive Mead. Ruth M. Phelps, Gertrude J. Blass, S. Marie Gallagher, Gladys M. Showers, Robert R. Lockwood, Leon H. Sayre, Nina L. Schouten, Myrtle A. Phillips. J'anauray, 1922 Doris L. Upcraft, F. Esther Marlett. 91 Officers-President, Gertrude J. Blass-; vice-president, Gladys M. Showers; secretary, Leon H. Sayre; treasurer, Robert R. Lockwood. Class Flower-Sunkist rose. Class Colors-Yellow and white. Motto-"We Build the Ladder by Which We Climb." Class of 1923 Ned Babcock, Leona Bruder, Ellis Day, Blanche Hiney, Colby Long­ ley, Evelyn McGlen, 1Lucy McGlen, Urla McLymond, Paul Riley, Don­ ald Shutts, Mabel Davis, Mary Ellen Stevens, Hazel Thomas, Hazel Upcraft, Marjorie Washburn, Ella Wheeler, Evelyn Wiltse. Officers-President, Hazel Thomas; vice-president, Urla McLymond; treasurer, Paul Riley; secretary, Evelyn McGlen. Class Colors-White and gold. Class Flower-Pink carnation. Motto-"Climb, Though the Rocks be Rugged." Class of 1924 Marion Blake, Thomas Cosgrove, Gertrude Cox, Virginia Cox, Mary Garrison, Verna Gray, Annie Lenton, Leora Scott, Frances ViVier, Howard Wilson. Officers-President, Thomas Cosgrove; vice-president, Marion Blake; treasurer, Frances ViVier; secretary, Leora Scott. Class Colors-Maroon and silver. Class Flower-Pansy. Motto-"Finished to Begin." Class of 1925 Vera Cowles, Vera Chaffee, Lucille Cole, Nora Gorman, Helen Coop­ er, Mildred Harper, Grace King, Winfield K.ranze, Joan MacDonald, Thelma Little, Muriel Manning, Louise Matteson, Bernice Mitchell, Gladys Perkins, 1\1:arguerite Phillips, Marion Place, Evada Randall, Gladys Randall, Maude Rhoades, Dorothy Reed, Harold Riley, Gordon Sturge, Robert Thompson, Mildred Washburn, Alice Weiss, Bertha Youngs. Officers-President, Maude Rhoades; vice-president, Winfield Kranze; secretary, Louise Matteson; treasurer, Grace King. Class Colors-Maroon and white. Class Flower-Sweet pea. Motto-"We Will Find a Path or Make It." Class of 1926 Harriette Andrews, Paul Eno, Agnes Flint, Ruth Fosmire, Edna Fosmire, Nellie Gifford, Marie Granger, Aneita Graves, Irene Travis, Marion Guernsey, Eugene Halicy, Minerva Hiserodt, Elva Jeffers, Karl Kellogg, Victorine O'Brien, Helen Wells, Mable Palen, Gladys Patrick, Mable Perkins, Crafton Phelps, Giffie Pitcher, Lena Schouten, Flor­ ence Sturge, Thola Summerville, Laura Wheeler, Dorothy Warner. Officers-President, Aneita Graves; vice-president, Ruth Fosmire; secretary, Giffie Pitcher; treasurer, Paul Eno. Class Colors-Silver and pink. Class Flower-Sweet pea. Motto-"Greater Deeds Await Us." Class of 1927 Franklyn Barry, Verner Cox, Murray Hendricks, Lloyd Tvler, Ken­ neth Upcraft, Mary Brown, Sylvia Bruder, l\tleda Cooper, Helen Dem­ mon, Norma Eno, Barbara Horton, Minnie Humphrey, Frances Kranze, Margaret Lindsley, Rowena Lont, Madge Pittroff, Florence Scott, Frances Stock, Dorothy Tyler, Dorothy Upcraft, Bernice Welling, Bettie Wiltse. 92 Officers-President, Margaret Lindsley; vice-president, Franklyn Barry; secretary, Mary Brown; treasurer, Verner Cox. Class Colors-Green and white. Class Flower-Sweet pea. Motto-"Out of School Life, into Life's School." Class of 1928 Elsie Blinn, Ruth Bortel, Helen Caster, Dorothy Chaffee, Flossie Chappell, Mildred Cooper, Bertha Crane, Elva Enney, Mary Furness, Marjorie Field, Thelma Griggs, Edna Guinup, Irene Hanneman, Made­ leine Hill, Carroll Johnson, Ruth Kelley, Virginia LeFever, Loretto Maroney, Letty McGlenn, Ruth Northrop, Raymond Scott, Dorothy Washburn, Avis Washburne, Marjorie Wright, Grace Welling. Officers-President, Virginia LeFever; vice-president, Mildred Coop- er; secretary, Irene Hanneman; treasurer, Ruth Northrop. Class Colors-Pink and white. Class Flower-Rose. Motto-"On Life's Highway!" Class of 1929 Marion Andrews, Elsa Blanchard, Nellie Doyle, Frances Dugan, Sylvia Finck, Iva Garner, Doris Gillis, Adeline Gove, Alieda Hallows, Mable Hendricks, Helen Hopkins, Virginia LeFever, Emogene Mar­ oney, Mary Peck, Thelma Van Vleck, Beatrice Miller. Officers-President, Sylvia Finck; vice-president, Beatrice Miller; secretary, Doris Gillis; treasurer, Nellie Doyle. Class Colors-Royal blue and silver. Class Flower-Sweet pea. Motto-"Paddle Your Own Canoe." Class of 1930 Vera Adle, Lena Mae Carrier, Claire Engle, Viola B. Finck, Frances M. Goodman, Helen Frances Hoppins, Helen F. Long, Gladys E. Merrill, Mary Alice Pierce, Louise Powers, Esther Euella Raney, Reta Scott, Gilbert Simmons, Rachel Skinner, Ida Stevenson, Margaret Summer­ ville, Lois Alta Teachout, Katherine Tilden, Thelma Mae VanAlstyne, Hilda A. Waugh, Ruth E. Waugh, Richard Wilke, Clara L. Wilke. Officers-President, Clara Wilke; vice-president, Mary Pierce; sec- retary, Ruth Waugh. Class Colors-Orchid and silver. Class Flowers-Sweet pea. Motto-"Love, Labor and Laugh." Class of 1931 Helen Adle, Genevieve Campbell, Agnes Dustman, Miles Fairley, Gwendolyn Greff, Myrtle Guinup, Isabell Harnden, Bernice Hopkins, Mary Hopman, Lila Jarvis, Marjorie Lockwood, Ethel Lyman, Reta Merriam, Dorothy Miller, Iva Milliman, Ruth Palmer, Genevieve Phillips, Lynne Shufelt, Lorena VanAuken, Frances Van Patten, Mar­ guerite Wellott, Rachel Warner, Worth Warner, Marian Palmer. Officers-President, Lynne Shufelt; vice-president, Worth Warner; secretary, Marguerite Wellott; treasurer, Helen Adle. Class Flower-American Beauty rose. Class Colors-Orchid and gold. lviotto-"Love, Labor and Laugh." Class of 1932 George Adsitt, Bernice Avery, Evelyn Blake, Evelyn Blodgett, Gladys Boyle, Anna Buckley, Leonard Cooper, Fred Durbin, Leila Eick, Monica Hall, Nina Holsapple, Dorothy Kimberley, Dorothy Scott, Velma Wallace, Ruth Zellar. 93 Officers-President, Evelyn Blake; secretary, Dorothy Kimberley. Class Flower-Sweet pea, white rose. Class Colors-Orchid and white. Motto-"Fight to the Finish." Class of 1933 Melvin C. Blanchard, Majel Campbell, Winifred B. Crofoot, Jean pe­ Hollander, Frances Drice, George W. Finck, Frances E. Foster, Eliza­ beth Fox, Marie E. Green, Mildred Hoppins, Lena E. Lee, Nellie Maroney, Virginia J. Marsh, Earl J. Williamson, George McFarland, Virginia Pitzeruse, Evart A. Stowell, Lillian J. Tyler, Frieda Wilke, Madge Kelley. Officers-President, Lillian Tyler; vice-president, Evart Stowell; secretary-treasurer, Freida Wilke. Class Colors-Blue and silver. Motto-"We Finish to Begin." Hannibal High School Alumni Association The Hannibal High School Alumni Association ,vas organ­ ized in December, 1904, with a membership of 25. The first officers were: President, Esther Hewitt (Moore); Vice-Presi­ den t, Bessie Boyd (Wiltse); Secretary, Roy Palmer. Meetings were held to renew old friendships and to do honor to the Alma Mater. In 1924 the Association voted to give $100 to start an Alumni fund to be used for betterment of the school. The classes of 1924 and 1926 donated $150 to this fund and ten­ nis courts were built back of the present school building. At another meeting it was voted to give $5 each year to the boy and to the girl best qualified on these points: cooperation, citizenship and personality. The smallest graduating class was that of 1903 with Blanche Hall (Darling) the only graduate. The largest was the class of 1937 with 38 members. The number of high school graduates including classes 1901 through 1949 totals 861. The training class graduates total 305. The Alumni banquets of late years have been attracting con­ siderable interest with a fine representation of alumni and excellent programs. lVIrs. Mabel Eckard Robinson served as secretary and treas­ urer of the Alumni Association for 15 years. Following are the words of the Hannibal High School Song, composed by E. Ward Adamy of the class of 1909: HANNIBAL HIGH SCHOOL SONG I. "Just above the sparkling waters Of the old mill pond, Stands our High School in its glory, We its pupils fond." Chorus "Lift the chorus, Speed it onward; In its praises vie, 94 Hail all hail to Hannibal High School!; Hail to Hannibal High!" II. "Our school life is swiftly passing, Gliding smoothly by. Soon we'll be the busy workers, Far from Hannibal High." Chorus III. "Former schoolmates have gone from us, With a purpose bold; Looking back with fondest memories, To Hannibal High of old." Chorus IV. ·'We love to watch these former schoolmates As they upward climb, Pressing toward the mount of vision, With a faith sublime." Chorus Hannibal High Alumni Presidents 1905-06, Esther Hewitt Moore; 1906-07, Sadie M. Adamy; 1909, Mrs. Wade Gillis; 1910-11, Merrick Counsell; 1911-12, Lena Cox Hewitt; 1912-13, Ada Engle; *1915-16, Bell Brackett Gault; *1916-17, Fred Kent; 1920-22, Emily Wiltse Cox; *1927, Ivan Pittroff; 1928, Mrs. Wade Gillis. 1928-30, Maurice Lockwood; 1930-32, Frances Kranze Jones; 1932-34, Bertha Youngs Bombard; 1934-36, Gordon W. Sturge; 1936-38, Marjorie Lockwood Wendover; 1938-40, Kenneth Up­ craft; 1940-42, Lucille Berlin McCarthy; 1942-44, Lloyd Tyler; 1944-46, Jean Gannon Sloan; 1946-48, Elizabeth Mead McGlen; 1948-50, Gertrude Cox Kellogg. 1873 Commissioner's Visits to Schools The following are accounts of visits to HanDibal schools by School Commissioner Isaac W. Marsh of the first Oswego dis­ trict from 1871-74. He was grandfather of Mrs. Winifred Marsh Petrie and Miss Cassie Marsh, recently retired teacher in Oswego High School. The first district of that day included the towns of Oswego, Volney, Granby, Scriba, Hannibal and New Haven, which ex­ cept for New Haven make up the present day fourth super­ visory district. Superintendent Harold Sylvester now has charge of the district taking the position after the death of Warren S. Gardner, who held the position for many years. From the diary of Commissioner Marsh comes these interest­ ing comments: •Questionable datt~-recurds una Yailable from 1905-28. 95 January 3, 1873-Visited school at North Hannibal. D. D. Metcalf, teacher. Found about 50 scholars, in good order and doing well. Took dinner with the teacher, then went to Oswego Center, and visited the school there. Wednesday, Jan. 8, 1873-Visited the school in District 11, South Hannibal. William C. Curtis, teacher. Sands N. Gardner, trustee. Found 33 scholars present. Seemed to be learning tolerably well. P. M.-Visited the school in the McCausey district, Hannibal. Miss Farnham of Nort:bt Hannibal, teacher; Alexander Scott, trustee. Found school quite small, only 15 present but in good order and doing well. Pupils small and young. No grammar taught. Suggested formation of class in grammar which seemed to take well; am very much encour­ aged to hope it will be done. A. M., Friday, Jan. 10, 1873-Visited the school in District No. 13, Hannibal (Gifford District). Charles Case, teacher; Robert Gifford, trustee. Nineteen present. School in good order, most of the pupils do­ ing well though some of the larger girls might do better. P. M.-Visited the school in No. 7 Hannibal. David S. On, teacher; Levi Brackett, trustee. (Hannibal Center) school in good order. Reci­ tations first rate, about 35 present. A very interesting school and well taught. Thursday, February 20, 1873-Visited No. 2, Hannibal (Stone school­ house). C. H. Storms, teacher. About 40 present. School in good order and seemed to be doing nicely. A good teacher and has had consider­ able experience, is entitled to first grade certificate. Went with Miss Vera Haven and teacher to her father's (Dr. Cyrus Haven), where we took dinner. She wants to teach this coming summer and I judge she will pass a good examination and teach a good school. - Thursday P. M., Feb. 20, 1873-Visited No. 1 Hannibal (Carson Wiltse Dist.) Miss Sarah K. Green, teacher. Thirty-three on register, 25 pres­ ent. First rate order and recitations good, methods fair except that the teacher prompts too much. Think she will do better in that respect in the future. Staid with Mr. Wiltse over night, was cordially entertained, and next morning started for home, it being very stormy and rough, where I arrived about 11 a. m. and staid. Wednesday A. M., March 5, 1873-Visited No. 16 Hannibal (Denni­ son Dist.) This district was No. 15 later. Miss Mary Bryant, teacher. Licence, 2 grade. Charles Thomas, trustee. Only six present. The school is not in need of and can not pay a very superior teacher. Wednesday A. M., March 12, 1873-Visited No. 12, Hannibal. Grace E. Mattison, teacher. License, second grade. Cornelius Adamy, trustee. School in very good order. Went from there at 11 a. m. to visit No. 4, village of Hannibal. Stayed till school closed at night. Three depart­ ments, four teachers, viz: Robert Simpson, principal; Miss Morrell, assistant; Miss Fradenburg, intermediate; Miss Mack, primary. The school was in as good order as I ever saw. Miss Fradenburg's good, Miss Mack's fair. Taken altogether, it is a first class school, a credit to the village and to the teachers. Closing exercises next week Friday. Schu­ bert Band in evening. Teachers' Institutes In the past years teachers' institutes lasted for a week in­ stead of a day or two. There were also night meetings at which lectures were heard. Teachers boarded for the duration of the meetings due to difficulty of travel. It was an excellent chance to renew old acquaintances as well as to attend interesting and instructive sessions and was a welcome change from the every­ day humdrum. Teachers from many towns of the county were 96 represented and capable instructors were engaged to present worthwhile programs. These meetings were opened by relig-­ ious devotion and singing, followE¥} by roll call, with lectures, demonstrations, exhibits and discussions of such subjects as Primary Reading, Fundamental Principles of Education, Geog­ raphy, Spelling and Methods of Conducting Recitations. The following is an announcement of an institute held in Hannibal April 26, 1884: Teachers Institute Notice A teachers' institute for the county of Oswego, conducted by Pro­ fessors Bouton and Barnes will be held at Union Hall, Hannibal, N. Y., commencing Monday, April 21, 1884, and continue one week. Teachers! There is an increasing demand from school officers for instructors who have become proficient in the modern methods of teaching, and as the main object of the institute is to give the teacher a more extensive know ledge of those methods, and as past exper­ ience convinces us that your ability to instruct the little ones is greatly strengthened by the institute work, we expect that every teacher in the county of Oswego will improve this opportunity and be present during the entire session. The time spent by the teacher in attendance at the institute, will be credited to the district the same as time taught. C. R. Parkhurst, H. D. Nutting, Jay B. Cole. The Committee. The following teachers were in attendance and registered from the town of Hannibal: Hannibal-Arthur Wiltsie, Calista Osborne, Fannie Kosboth, William Kent, Fred C. Allen, Maggie McNamara, Emma Tay­ lor, Bettie Smith, Kittie Johnson, Ella M. Doyle, Cornelia Mat­ teson, Lillian Palmer, Millie Dumas, Emma Kosboth, Mary L. Byington, Ida Tallman, Nellie Lynch, Nellie Pelton, Libbie I<:osboth, Emma Stark, Richard L. Smith. Fairdale-Nellie M. Greenville, Mary Buttimer, Katie Scan­ lon, l\!lary Gallagher, Anna Gallagher, Della M. Barrett, Cora Farnham, Mary Hampe, Martha M. Adkins, 0. H. Gurley. Kinney's Corners-Minnie Henthorne, N eina Henthorne, Jennie Henthorne. North Hannibal-David D. Metcalf, William J. Bradt, Dell W. Braga, Stella S. Braga, S. Lee Remington. Teachers were also registered from the follo\ving localities: Central Square, Paris, Oswego, North Scriba, Southwest Os­ wego, Sandy Creek, Lacona, Constantia, Cleveland, North Volney, Scriba, Lansing, Lysander, Minetto, Ira, Phoenix, Mex­ ico, Williamstown, Molino, Sand Banks, East Palermo, Fulton, Oswego Falls, Dayville, South Granby, Demster, Pittford, Pulaski, Cato, Sterling Valley, Oswego Center, Jordan, Gil­ bert's Mills, New Haven, Westbury, Vermillion, Butterfly, Martville, Caughdenoy, Hastings Center, Dugway, South Al- 97 bion, West Monroe, Kasoag, Clifford, Pennellville, Eaton, Vol­ ney Center, Granby Center, South New Haven, Dexterville. April, 1907 TEACHERS' INSTITUTE One of the Largest and Most Successful Sessions Ever Helfi in Hannibal-Many Prominent State Educators in Attendance One of the most interesting and practical Institutes ever held in the first Oswego District is in session at the High school building of our village this week. There are 109 teachers registered representing the towns of Volney, Scriba, New Haven, Oswego, Granby and Hannibal, and the Training Class at Fulton. Conductor Thompson lectured on English and Current Educational problems; Prof. Farnham on Geography; Supt. Fairgrieve, Physiology; Miss Palmeter, Music with a class exercise; Miss Dugan, School Econ­ omy; Mr. Preston, Nature Study; Com. Gardner on General School Notes. Hannibal teachers present were Florence E. Green, Nellie G. Bradt, Gertrude L. Hall, Ella M. Rogers, Bertha Wiltse, Helena E. Dunbar, Helen A. Broderick, Mrs. Chas. Shutts, Matty S. Corey, Edna J. God­ frey, Clara E. Wiltse, S. R. Lockwood, Robert Burns, Reeves J. Leonard.

98 District No. 5

Pioneers in This Town Who Made Early History N THE early part of the nineteenth century a man named I John P. Shaff removed with his family of four sons and four daughters from Long Island. He chose a quarter section of land through which flowed a small stream but sufficient to furnish water power for a mill. This mill was erected early and provided materials for houses for his children. Each daughter was given 25 acres of land and each son received 50 acres when he married. Thus a considerable population grew up in the southern part of the district. The father was familiarly known as "Pap Shaff" and his fiddle provided amusement for all the families. The mill has fallen down, the stream flows without forming the two ponds which were the delight of our young days, for skating, wading and rafting on their placid waters. The north end of the district was chosen by Michael Schoon­ maker, known and loved as "Uncle Mike." The eastern end of the district was occupied by Mr. Mc­ Clellan whose custom weekly was to drive with his family to Sterling to attend the church of the Covenanters, remaining to two services. His son, Frank, became noted as an educator, and one of his daughters was Mrs. M. J. Byington of Hannibal, who died many years ago. The best business man was Rensalaer Matteson, uncle of the late Walter C. Matteson, who was engaged in barrel manu­ facture. It furnished occupation for several coopers in different localities. Calvin Warren, John Chappell, Stephen Schoon­ maker, William Chappell, Perry Chappell, Frank Goodrowe, and others made a comfortable living making barrels. A load of barrels going to Fulton was a goodly sight as, Mr. Matteson mounted on it, it drove from these shops. The central part, occupied by Epaphas Loomis, was known for a generation as Loomis's Corners, but when it became a post office, James Eades gave it the name of Fairdale. Mr. Loomis was one of the valuable men of the region. Quiet and unassuming, he led the singing at the "meetings," assisted by his sister, Abby, and Myron Ormsby, who later married her. We shall never forget the orchard of "Pate" Loomis and of our sliding down the floor of his ox-cart, which was often free for our use. 99 The western end of the district contained the home of Court. wright Blakeslee, who with his sons, made wagons and did general blacksmithing. Noble and Jared Blakeslee were friends of the middle generation of children and were particularly strong on picnics, important functions of a half century ago, For a long time their shop was on the north corner, opposite the schoolhouse, and we were warned by our mothers to keep out of that blacksmith shop. It was later removed to a field on the east side of the road to Oswego. One well-beloved man, Elijah Ormsby, and his gentle wife, kept the toll-gate and sold school supplies and candy to the children, who were always welcome. Another friend was Mrs. Raynor, who held the school library and kept the writer supplied with good books. About 1860 a German named Anthony Hampe, moved in about half way from the Corners to Mr. Matteson's. He was a noble man and helpful in all religious meetings. His son, John, was the flovver of the school for perfect recitations, and arose to eminence in the West in educational and legislative matters. Mr. and lvfrs. Noah Wright spent a lifetime near the school­ house and anyone sick went to Mrs. Wright for comfort. Their cherries and other fruits were given to the children, if we waited to be invited. Another noteworthy man was Harvey Randall who always conducted the many funeral services held in the schoolhouse. His manners were perfect and had undertaking been in vogue, he would have found his vocation. Another sturdy citizen was Allen Smith whose only daugh­ ter, Mrs. A. E. Byrne, was a former resident of Hannibal. In 1860 0. G. Adkins of Oswego purchased the farm at the southern end of the district, ever since known as "Adkins' Corners." He built brick houses all over the town and set an example of faithfulness in church attendance, which should be more largely imitated. Many others might be named did space permit. The school district was formed early and the old red school­ house was a landmark for nearly a century. There were seats running around the room and writing desks back of them, and low seats in front for warmth and small people. The Christian education of a century ago was kept up by the Methodist de­ nomination and many people made their decision for Christ within these walls. But the building was getting old, and the men of the district spent the evenings of three winters discuss­ ing the site and plans for a new one. Many a witty remark from Pat Casey and Mr. Blake in response to James Eades were related by William Perkins on returning from these school meetings. After the present schoolhouse was completed the old one was sold to Dennis Broderick, who raised it to a second story, 100 · added a dwelling and began a grocery business, which has con­ tinued till the present and is now owned by Mr. Melnychuk and Mr. Penkala, partners. These memories of the old red schoolhouse bring to mind the teachers who instilled the three R's and good manners into our young minds. · Of the boys of the old school days, none are left. Fred Eades, Edwin Aylesworth, his brother Frank, Mason Blodgett, Abijah Schoonmaker, Russell Perkins, John Hompe, Charlie Schaff, John Scanlon, Hiram Blodgett, all testified to the good work of their teachers by the success of their lives. We remember also the exhibitions and spelling schools held by some of these teachers and the promise of future years given by these young students. In closing this brief sketch ,ve quote from Professor Amos Farnham who had for years his summer home on the farm of Uncle John Farnham, "The good old days-the better new days." FAIRDALE TEACHERS1 DISTRICT No. 5 1850-Miss McDougall, Gilson D. Carrier, William Hull, Jane Sand­ ers, Mr. Hanchest (most beloved), Miss Lewis, Deliaette Mattison, For­ rest G. Weeks, Miss Baker, Willard Waring, Miss Wells, Mr. Clark, Miss Peckham, Mr. Pierce, L. P. Storms, Miss Gardenier. Eliza Dun­ ton, Alexander King, Almira Sanders, Jennie Blakeslee, Mary Becker, Phene Stark, Henry Drury (in the new building), Frankie Cox, .Anna H. Perkins, Leroy Pease, Hannah F. Perkins, Marion Metcalf, Victor Adamy. 1927-28-Bertha Youngs and Marie Gallagher, 1928-29-Marie Gal­ lagher, 1929-31-Marie Gallagher and Marjorie Jackson, 1931-32- Marie Gallagher, Kenneth Upcraft, 1932-33-Marie Gallagher and Winfred G. Beckwith, 1933-40-Howard Wilson and Flossie Kellogg, 1940-41-Flossie Kellogg, 1941-43-Joanne Baldv.rin and Lois Chaffee, 1943-45-Clara Smith and Mildred B. Johnson, 1945-46-Minnie Perk­ ins and Lena C. Ward, 1946-47-Minnie Perkins, 1947-48-Emily Cox and Lois Chaffee, 1948-49-Emily Cox and Evelyn Baldwin. 1927-28 Roll Calt District No. 5 Fairdale (54 Pupils) Lucille Arnold; Ann, George Blake: George, Joseph, Reta Broderick; Mary, Sam, Sebastian Cali; Leon, Letha Dasnau; Benjamin, Carrie, Daniel, Margaret, Robert DiBello; Alice Edgerton; Ida, Vito Fodera; Richard, Rodney Fuller; Alice, Helen Jenks; Charles, Elmer, Stella Livingston; Francis, John, Mary, Paul, Philip, William Malone; ,Janet, Joyce Monnoyer; Dorothy, Doris, John Pealo; Burton, Chester, Jessie, Nellie Pearce: Vernice, Zelma Ritter; Addie, Annabel, Doris, Rose Stevens; Wesley Skinner; Angelina, Carmelo, Frank, Tony Vasgo; Charles, Sarah Williamson. 1947-48 Roll Call of Pupils Miss Lois Chaffee, Teacher First Grade-Carol Burdick, Douglas Burdick, Charles Wiltse, Wil­ liam Chillson, Wayne Chetney, Shannon Ensworth. Second Grade-Dorothy Pratt, Coraene Chappell, Janet Bowen. Third Grade-Marion Hofmann, Ronald Beckwith, William Tomp­ kins, Judi th Ensworth. 101 Fourth Grade-John Chillson, George Reed, Leroy Bowen, Robert Lee. Mrs. Fred Cox. Teacher Fifth Grade-Sally Ensworth, Frank Furlong, Bernard Purington, Paul Reed. Sixth Grade-Sharen Lee. Seventh Grade-Nancy Beckwith, Ardis Wiltse, Roger Broadwell, Donald Reed. 1 Eighth Grade-Emelia Hofmann, Virginia Broadwell, John Mullett, Maurice Malone.

11:nrnilml Cheese l.,nctory, 189:";

102 Cain's Corners, District No. 6

HE early settlers of 125 years ago included William Cain, T John Kelley, John Dunham, Almon Godfrey and Bela Scott. Nearly all of them came from Vermont and Connecticut. The settlers of 85 years ago were Powell Jones, Eliab Scott, James Cole, James Sanders, Burr B. Scott, Harvey Lund, Moses Barrus and Orson Lund. Some of these were sons of the early settlers. Industries of the early days in this community were the rais­ ing of flax and hops and the cutting of timber. Present day industries include the raising of potatoes and corn and general farming. The old schoolhouse of 100 years ago was situated on the south road across a little brook on land owned by Mrs. Hozea Godfrey. The present schoolhouse was built about 1859. In 1887 the maple grove which surrounds the school was set out. Wesley Hendricks was the trustee and a bee was held when the trees were planted. Alexander Morrell was one of the men who assisted with the planting. All the trees lived and today chil­ dren are enjoying the cool shade which their ancestors were thoughtful enough to provide. Civil War veterans from Cain's Corners were Peter W. Cooper, who was Raymond Cooper's father, Jonas Palmer, San­ ford L. Palmer, Joseph Safford and Burr Scott. The boys in World War I were George Storr, overseas heavy artillery; Leon Palmer, cavalry, Camp Jackson, N. C.; Clarence LaBaugh, private, Camp Dix, N. J. Teachers in District No. 6 Emma Pulcipher, Ada Wiltse, Aggie Phelps, Hattie Phelps, Carrie Blodgett, Rena Palmer, Nettie Sanders, Louise Kent, Emma Umstead, George Welling, Susie Byrne, Alvah Ketcham, Minnie Henthorn, Calista Osborn, Raymond Cooper, Ernest Cooper, Frank Marsh, Grace Atwater, Annabelle Wiltse, Clara Wiltse, Bert Collins, Etta Naracon, Frank Palmer, Bertha Clark, Georgia Thompson, Fred Cox, Alvah Palmer, Nellie Tilford, Nellie Fuller, Rosa Walker, Nellie Merriman, Nina Barr, Libbie Kosboth, Estella Eldridge, Ella Doyle, Maggie Mc­ Namara, Nellie Shutts, Nellie Byrne, Clinton Tucker, Dora Gillis, Cora Fry. 1868-Sarah Powell, 1874-William V. Lund, 1875-Richard Smith, 1876-Elden Storms, 1877-Arthur Wiltse, 1906-Maude Curtis, 1918- 19-Mrs. George Wiltse, 1919-20-Grace B. Hawkins, 1920-22-Mrs. Fannie Perkins, 1922-24-Grace B. Hawkins, 1924-26-Mrs. Gertrude 103 Kellogg, 1926-28-Grace B. Hawkins, 1928-30-Mrs. Madeleine Adsitt, 1930-31-Mrs. Frank Hewitt, 1931-32-Mrs. Earl Van Patten, 1932-33- Mrs. Lawrence Godfrey, 1933-34-Freida Wilke, 1934-41-Grace B. Hawkins, 1941-49-Mrs. Mabel Robinson. June. 1915 Closing exercises were held in District 6. The schoolhouse was decor­ ated with a profus~on of artificial roses. Pink and green were the school colors. The program was given to a crowded house. Lawrence Godfrey won the valedictory with Ethel Colvin as next highest. The "trained menagerie" won great applause also a well given solo by Charlie Barrus. George W. Wilde proved his ability as a speaker when he con­ ferred the certificates. June, 1916 Closing day exercises were held in the schoolhouse Tuesday eve­ ning, June 13, and the following program given: Song, School; "Minute Man," George Horton; "The Flag," Ruby Sals­ bury; "June's Carpet," Esther Smith; "Days of Long Ago," Three Girls; "Dandelion," Reta Scott; "Speaking Pieces," Robert Scott; "Sheridan's Ride," Matthew Salsbury; solo, Charlie Barrus; "The Brook," Fred 1 Wilde; "Hiawatha '; salutatory, Agnes Flint; "Marjorie's Almanac," Bertha Smith; "Old Glory," Lena Wilde; "Old Ironsides," Florence Holsapple; duet, Agnes and Grace Flint; "Strawberries," Raymond Scott; "Builders," Ethel Colvin; "Columbus," Verne Wilde; "Littlest Graduate," Grace Flint; solo, Charlie Barrus; "Sir Galahad," Howard Colvin; "Bogie Man," Charles Jones; "Excelsior," Lawrence Godfrey; duet, Agnes Flint and Charles Barrus; valedictory, William Smith; con­ ferring of certificates by W. S. Gardner, superintendent. Roll Calt 1948-49 Leslie Baker, Richard Colvin, George Crofoot, Sharon Dunsmoor, John, Kathryn, Pearl, Shirley Flint, Wallace Gibbs, Richard Godfrey, Rosemary Hoag, Gerald Hoyt, Gary King, Donald McFarland, Linda, Nancy Scott, Alice, David, Gloria, James Sherman. Final June. 1949, Program Instrumental duet, Nancy Scott and Donald Wilde; recitations, Linda Scott and Jean Austin; vocal solo, Fred Austin; reading, "Si and I," Mrs. Mary Scott; solo, Mrs. Adelaide Lyons; solo, Gloria Sherman; accordion music, James Holsapple. Everyone present spent an enjoy­ able evening and Mrs. Robinson received many good wishes for the future.

104 District No. 7 (Hannibal Center)

N 1805 there settled at Hannibal Center Watson Earl, David I Wilson, Joseph Weed, Sterling Moore, Israel Messenger, Orren and George Cotton. Orren Cotton, a relative of the late J. R. Chamberlain, was a mill-wright by trade and built the first grist mill in the town at Hannibal Center in 1806 in com­ pany with Watson Earl. He was a lineal descendant of the celebrated Puritan preacher of Boston, Dr. John Cotton. In 1852 Hannibal Center was a thriving, wide-awake hamlet having a number of industries which gave employment to its inhabitants. There were three general stores doing a large business, the largest of these being that of W.W. Brackett, who remained in that business for 46 years. He was also a propri­ etor of a store in the village of Hannibal. There were two tav­ erns or hotels as they were called in later days. There ,vas a tannery, the proprietor of which was John McLaury. Norman Titus was the proprietor of a flour and feed mill located on the west side of Nine Mile creek. Charles Rogers, father of Ralph Rogers, bought the Titus mill about 1849. About 1869 he built a sawmill on the hill back of the flour and feed mill, but which joined on the original mill. Everything burned in 1884 and l\:Ir. Rogers built another sawmill where the old Titus place of business had been. He then purchased the building on the east bank of the creek, formerly a tannery kept by Norman Titus, but which Mr. Rogers used as a feed mill. About 1914 Charles Rogers, Jr., an older brother of Ralph and Ray Rogers, moved the sawmill into the tannery building which is its present loca­ tion. Another sawmill was located on the former Stephen Terpening place. Later it was sold to James Brackett. A peppermint still was operated by W.W. Brackett. There was also a carding mill and later a foundry. At one time there was great excitement caused by digging for gold in the vicinity. The inhabitants were live, progressive people who kept well up to the times and who were prosperous and happy. Among the prominent residents at that period were the Bracketts, the Norman Titus family, Isaac Ketcham, the Dickinsons, James Knowlton and William Ames. Judson S. I(ellogg began blacksmithing at Hannibal Center in 1877. The first school in the town of Hannibal was kept at Hanni­ bal Center in 1810, the teacher being Laura Kent. 105 In 1931 the Hannibal Center school was changed from a two­ room school to a one-room school because of the small number of children of school age in the district. In 1935, due to an in­ crease in numbers, the previous form \Vas resumed by a vote at the annual school meeting. Later it was changed again to a one-room school. Electricity \Vas installed in the school in 1933. Among the pupils from this district who have become prom­ inent and successful are Ralph Hannum, an architect; Lyford Boyd, a minister; Emery Gardenier. a minister; Charles H. Brackett, president of the Hoosier Casualty Insurance Com­ pany of Indiana; Jay Brackett, in the mercantile business at Mohawk; Ernest Hopper, a minister; Edward Whittier, a doc­ tor; Leon Cooley, a veterinarian; Donald Rogers, a civil engi­ neer in Petersburg, Virginia; Ellis Rogers, an auditor for the General Electric Company of Schenectady; George W. Rogers and son and John Hannum and son, prominent dairymen. First Hannibal Center Band ( 1889-90) Players: George (Dutch) Pooler, leader and cornet; Dick Pooler, cornet; George Rogers, cornet; Charles Rogers, E flat alto; Lonnie Hannum, E flat alto; Albert Gifford, E flat alto;. Edward Anthony, bass drum; Elihu Gifford, tenor; Fred Brack­ ett, cornet; William Brackett, snare drum; Rienza Knowlton, baritone; Byron DeForest, tuba; William Kanar, tenor; David Sturgis; William Bidwell. Second Band ( 19,08-09) George Pooler, leader, solo B flat cornet; Earl Perkins, solo B flat cornet; Ivan Blake, solo B flat cornet; Wade Gillis, solo B flat cornet; Hubert Rogers, first cornet; Myrl Youngs, first cornet; Raymond Rogers, solo alto; William Neville, first alto; Ray Parsons, second alto; Brace Stevens, first tenor; George Green, second tenor; John Brackett, slide trombone; Ralph Rogers, baritone; Charles Rogers, E flat bass; Arthur Perkins, snare drum; William Young, cymbals and bass drum. ZILPHA STICKLE, TEACHER, DISTRICT No. 7. Roll Call of Pupils (1907) Belle Ky le, Verna Youngs, Ruth Ames, Josephine Curtis, Helen Cole, Mabelle Spafford, Raymond Cole, Ray Parsons, Howard Cole, Harry Cole, Eva Halstead, Lura Lounsbery, Beatrice Pooler, Pearl DeForest, Fern Hamblet, Robert Kyle, John Hulett, William Halstead, Myrl Youngs. William T. Cole, Trustee; Ethan Allen, Clerk; Rienza Knowlton, Collector. Arbor Day Program, Hannibal Center School. 1909 Song "Music in the Air," School; Reading, "Spring," Pearl Deforest; recitation, George Cole; song, Fern Hamblet; exercise, "Plant a Tree," 10 Pupils; recitation, Florence Tompkins; recitation, "The Awakening Year," Helen Cole; song, "A Slight Mistake," Three Primary Girls; reci- 106 tation, Blanche Hoag; recitation, '·Woodman, Spare that Tree," Harry Cole; song, Frances Blake; recitation, "Beech Tree's Petition" Bessie Tompkins; Quotations, School; Arbor Day Song, School. ' June. 1916 The following program was given at the closing exercises at the schoolhouse on Tuesday evening, June 6: Song, "Come Away," school; salutatory, lv1arie Dexter; music by the :t>and; ~eci~ation, "A Few Favors," Lawrence Dunbar; quotation, 10 pupils; recitation, "Don't Take Your Troubles to Bed With You," Jessie Rogers; recitation, "In .June," Elsie Poormon; recitation, "When I am Big," Walter Woods; dialogue, "The Seasons," five pupils; recitation, "A Fire Cracker," George Lake; recitation, "Independence Be11," Mary Ellen Stevens; recitation, "Ink," Emmett Switzer; music by the band. Recitation, "Don't Kill the Birds," Florence Tompkins; recitation, "My Country," Gladys Parsons; recitation, "Wouldn't and Would," Leroy Dunbar; recitation, "When Teacher Gets Cross," Gladys Perk­ ins; recitation, "Kitty's Picture," Rena Yarrow; song, "Vacation Hymn," school; recitation, "The Policeman," Floyd Livingston; recita­ tion, "Dolly's Lesson," Beatrice Yarrow; dialogue, "Doctor's Busy Day," nine primary pupils; recitation, "Laugh a Bit," Cora Herman; music by the band. Recitation, "The Band," George Herman; dialogue, "Civil War Hero­ ines," six girls; recitation, "Giving Advice," Celia Yarrow; recitation, "The Railroad Crossing," Eulah Tompkins; recitation, "The Wise Book," John Herman; recitation, "Two Evening Trains," Gaynell Car­ ter; music by the band. Recitation, "A Good Method," Mildred Sturgis; reading, "History of the United States Flag," Mary Ellen Stevens; recitation, "After Vaca­ tion," Luella Lake; recitation, "Bill's in the Legislature," Nellie Carter; valedictory, Paul Rogers; music by the band; song, "Blue and Gold," school; presentations of library and promotion certificates; remarks by Professor Lockwood and Commissioner Gardner; music by the local band. Successful Teachers in Hannibal Center School Hannah J. Wood, Malissa Lake, Richard Smith, Frank Haven, Eva Brackett, Georgia Brackett, Fannie Rogers Cooley, Mr. Vandelinder, Mr. Leon Harris, Will Allen, Mattie Cox, Helen Gardenier, Mrs. Carrie Pooler, Cora Blake, Ruth Ames, Lorilla Loomis, Katie Walsh, Ruth Dennison, Ann B. Brackett, Grace Atwater Rogers, Maggie MacNam­ ara, Frank Tuller, Belle Tuller, Nettie Rogers. 1890, Frank E. Brackett; 1890-91, S. W. Holden; 1892-93, Erma J. Smith; 1893-94, ,Erma J. Smith, Jane 'Talmadge; 1894-95,. Ella Mae Ames; 1897-98, Hattie J. Smith; 1899-1900, Edna J. Godfrey, Mertie L. Dann; 1902-03, Rena Gardenier, Robert Burns; 1905-06, Ella Lounsbery; 1906- 07, Zilpha Stickle; 1907-08, Mae Pellett Rogers; 1908-10, Mildred Perk­ ins, Mae D. Pellett; 1910-11, Robert J. Burns, Ethel Robinson. 1917-19, Agnes Farden, Susie Spafford; 1919-20, Ruth Baldwin Weldon; 1920-26, Ella Lounsbery, Mae Rogers; 1926-28, Mae Rogers, Ella Wheeler Perkins; 1928-30, Letty McGlen, Meda Cooper; 1930-31, Grace Welling, Mae Rogers; 1931-32, Grace Welling; 1932-35, Ella Lounsbery; 1935-38, C1ara Wilke, Ella Lounsbery; 1938-39, Clara Wilke, Mae Rogers; 1939-41, Marion Gannon, Vivian Megraw; 1941-42, Olive Schneider, Vivian Megraw; 1942-43, Olive Schneider, Reta Merriam; 1943-49, Ella Lounsbery. Hannibal Center Church (1862-1949) The first class was organized in 1830, with James A. Brackett as the first class leader. Members were Sarah Brackett, Wight 107 Church, M.A. Thompson, Jane Havens, William Brackett, John J. Scott and wife, Alva Worster, Samuel Frost, Truman Brack­ ett and wife, John Hutchinson and Hannah Perkins. The church was built about 1862 or '63 according to the old records. The Hannibal Center and South Hannibal churches, being one pastorate, wa's organized in 1871 from two charges, South Hannibal from Granby, and Hannibal ·Center from Hannibal village. In 1888, a Salvation Army evangelist and his wife, Mr. and Mrs. Edward Jones, preached here and at South Hannibal. Camp meetings were held in the grove next to the Hubert Rogers farm. In 1890, Reverend Mr. Blackburn took up his duties. His violin playing and somewhat out-of-the-ordinary style of de­ livery captured the imagination of his parishioners and church attendance grew rapidly. He left but returned a second time in the early 1900's, carrying on his religious activities with vigor. He left again but returned later, purchasing the Frank Cooley place at the Center. Among the first preachers were Benjamin Ryder, Samuel Bibbins, Mr. Seymour and Esquire Boyd. Hannibal ministers served this area later on, the Reverend Leonard B. Whitney being the present pastor. Sunday school superintendents who have served this charge are Ella Spafford, George Rogers, Ella Lounsbery, Hubert Dickinson and Mrs. John Brackett. During the pastorate of Rev. Merritt a kitchen was added to aid in serving. At present Mr. Leivy from Oswego is visiting the school and giving religious instruction to the children. His interesting programs are attracting much attention among the young people. There are about 30 members at present with an average at­ tendance at Sunday school of 15. Among active members are Mr. and Mrs. James Thompson, Mr. and Mrs. Duquette, the Rogers and Brackett families. The trustees at Hannibal Center (1949) are: Hubert Rogers, (chairman) Levi Brackett, Floyd Livingston, Mrs. Elaine Well­ ing, Edwin Deming, Mrs. Ralph Williamson. Superintendent of Sunday school is Edwin Deming while Mrs. Oliver Tomkins is president of the W. S. C. S. Hannibal Center Church Programs Children's Day Program, 1910 Marching song, school; welcome, George Cole; prayer, Rev. H. Hughes; recitation, "A Rose in Every Garden," Edith Grant; recitation, "I Love Him," Ellen Archer; song, "We Will Follow all the Way," primary; exercise, "Lambs of the Flock"; exercise, "The Little Gar­ dens"; recitation, "Suffer the Children to Come," Harry Cole; song, "Let Them Come to Me," Bessie Tompkins, Wava Youngs; recitation, 108 "Ready for Children's Day," Wallace Bradt; song, choir· exercise "So Will I"; exercise, "So Can Little Children"; recitatio~ "With 'Gar­ lands," lvlay Fields; song, "Joy Bells," Advanced Pupils: exercise "A Wreath of Roses"; recitation, "It Is Children's Day," Leo~ Carter· ~eci­ tation, "Smiling Faces," Arletta Yarrow; song, choir; exercise, "Giving Our Best"; song, choir; exercise, '·The Whole Armor"; exercise, "We Praise Thee"; song, choir; recitation, "With the Beauty of His Pres­ ence," Ruth Brack~tt;. recitation, "Keeping the Summer's Glory," George Archer; recitation, "Good-by Dear Children's Day," Gladys Perkins; song, choir. December. 1913 Following is the program rendered at the Christmas exercises at the church Sunday evening: Song, choir; Address of Welcome, Mary E. Stevens; dialogue, "See­ ing Santa Claus"; song, choir; recitation, "Everywhere Christmas To­ night," Ellis Rogers; recitation, "A Letter from Santa Claus," Helen Williamson; recitation, "The Eastern Legend," Ruth Brackett; song, "Up On the Housetop," school; recitation, "Made to Order," Elihu Gif­ ford; dialogue, "Bells of Christmastide," five girls; recitation, "A Small Girl's Plan," Gladys Parsons; solo, Miss Fern Hamblet; recitation, "Forgotten," Nellie Carter; song, "O Star of Matchless Splendor," seven girls; recitation, "Christmas Night," Jessie Rogers; recitation, "Little Lord Jesus," Gladys Williamson; dialogue, "The Nation's Christmas"; recitation, "Santa Claus," Bryan Williamson; recitation, "The Wonderful Tree," Leon Carter; recitation, "Christmas Troubles," Nellie Gifford; "A song of the Star," senior pupils; recitation, "Tell the Old, Old Story," Lillian Blake; recitation, "Santa Claus' Secret," Florence Tompkins; drill, "The Snow Fairies"; song, choir. Children's Day Exercises, 1915 Song, "Children's Day," six girls; prayer, Rev. Dunning; The Shep­ herd Psalm, school led by Mr. LaFontaine's class; flower exercise, four girls; recitation, "The Wild Rose," Mabel Davis; song, "The Land of My Dreams," Nina Pellett; recitation, "Mother," George Campbell; exercise, "Summertime Is Coming," Nellie Carter; recitation, Gladys Davis; duet, Mrs. F. Cooley and Ruth Brackett; recitation, "Happiness," Sarah Hannum; exercise, "Making the Summer," six girls; recitation, Helen Williamson; recitation, "Kittie," Gladys Parsons; exercise, "Praise Him for Children's Day," 12 girls; promotion of the cradle roll; greeting, Belle Sidman; presentation of diplomas; talk to childr,en, Pastor.

109 Mc€ausey District No. 8

WO schoolhouses were constructed in this district but little T data seems available concerning the first school building. Some of the residents who ,vere more than ordinarily inter­ ested were Almond Rogers, a teacher, Bruce Dennison and George Dann, who served as trustees for many years. William Wilbur was very active in community affairs and could always be found ready to head any ,vorthy progressive movement. Other residents were Har low and :Horace McCa usey, Joseph Rogers, Cassius Rogers, Mr. Case, John I(eeney, Peter Harris and a Pomeroy family. The old schoolhouse was situated this side of where Leon Harris now lives. The present building was built about the year 1890. Some of the pupils who attended were: Ray, Mildred, Allie, Bessie, Nina Rogers, Neil Green, Louis, Leon, Willis Keeney, Charles, Iva Dann, Nellie Kench, Homer, Jay, Floyd, Harvey Dennison, Benjamin Carr, Ernest, Levi, George, Fred, Edward Fuller, William, Alice, l\,Iary, Fred Guernsey, Jessie Biggs, Burt Wil­ bur, Leon Harris. One of the older teachers was Almond Rogers who taught in the first school. Some of the older teachers who taught in the present school were Fannie Rogers Cooley, Carrie Coit, Mr. Westcott, Anna Trowbridge, Mrs. Grace Atwater, Clara Wiltsie. The roll call of 1910-11 follows: Evelyn, Mary, Nina Dennison; Loren Rogers; William, Howard, Harry Williamson; Harold, Leon Roe; Lillian, Fred Mastine; Leland McDuffy; Harry Keeney; Ross Van Patten; Charlie Wilkinson; Manley Crego; Frank Gillett; Samuel, Charlotte, Essie Burnette; Wilfred Allen; Frederick Blake; Lila Posson; Helen M. Randall; Mabel, Rachel, Hazel, Anna, Lillian Green. Visitors in 1910-11 Alfred Shutts, Hattie Rogers, Nina Dennison, Warren S. Gardner, Alice L. Williams, Hazel Hubbard, Goldie Ballard, Edith Arnold, Howard Arnold, Ruth Davis. Teachers 1910-11-Mildred Allen, 1910-12-Donald and Arthur J. Luke, 1912- 14-:M:ildred Allen, 1916-17-Rose A. Walsh, 1917-18-Florence Cooper, 1918--20-Gertrude C. Lenton. 1920-21-Bertha M. Whitcomb, 1921-22-Minnie G. True, 1922-23- Helen M. Randall, 1923-26-Anna Trowbridge Cain, 1926-27-Florence Blake, 1927-29-Mildred Sharp Howell. 1929-30-Marion E. Doty. 1930-33-M. L. Summerville, 1933-35-Miss E. M. Lindsley, 1935- 110 41-Mildred Sharp Howell, 1941-44-Miss Ruth Keeney, 1944-47-Mrs. Nellie Grant, 1947-49-Mrs. Ruth Keeney Hendricks. 1917-18 Roll Call Arthur, Howard, Dora Williamson; Daniel Randall; Adelbert, Ray­ mond Walker; Ethan Wright; Jakie, Katie, Mary Temple; Leon, Mabel, Roe; Frederick, Lillian, Anna Green; Donald Cooper; Theodore, Howard Almy; Benjamin, Jack Rao; Esther, Evelyn, Marion Guernsey; Winifred, Annie Lenton; Elizabeth Wright. 1930-31 Roll Call Bernard, Francis, Harold, Robert, Gladys, Helen Dennison; Guy, Gerald, Jay Guernsey; Arthur, Karl, Kenneth, Roy Harris; Donald, Blanche, Ruth Keeney; Edward Roe; Clair, Erwin, Gordon, Hilda, Linda Sto\\t·ell; Carl, Edwin, Franklin, George, Ger,tldine Webber; Anna Bowley. June. 1919. Commencement Exercises Teacher-Miss Gertrude C. Lenton. Trustee-Leon Harris. School Motto-"Bound to Win." School Colors-Red and yellow. Program-Orchestra; salutatory; song, three girls; recitations, Theodore Almy, Alice Dennison, Esther Guernsey, Ethan Wright, Alice Guernsey; solo; class poem, Mabel Roe Wells; drama, Our School; class prophecy, Arthur Williamson; recitations, Roy Dennison, Katie Temple, Mary Temple, Theodore Almy; song, school; valedictory, Marion Guernsey; presentation of Diplomas, W. S. Gardner. Mr. and Mrs. Vernon Stowell vvere leaders of the 4-H Club for three years. During this time calves and other livestock were exhibited at the Syracuse State Fair. Members of the club earned their own money for dresses and uniforms for trips made to Ithaca. The club took first prize one year for having the best club yell at Oswego Normal School. 1947-48 Roll Call Louise Dennison; Eleanor Duger; George, James, Patricia, Rose Reynolds.

111 C~rter District No. 9

HE first settlement in the town of Hannibal was made in T District No. 9 in 1802 by Thomas Sprague and family. Mr. Sprague was a Revolutionary War veteran who came from Connecticut and took up 640 acres of land. At that time there vvas only one ca bin between this vicinity and Oswego. In the same year his two sons, Thomas Sprague, Jr., and Jonathan Sprague, came with their families. Jonathan and his wife came from Saratoga county on horseback, she carrying a three­ months-old baby. Carr Sprague, son of Jonathan, was the first white child born in the town. Thomas Sprague, Sr., and his wife both died on the same day and were buried in the same grave. The original Sprague homestead, which was opposite the Bethel cemetery, burned and Edgar Sprague's grandfather built the present house, now owned and occupied by Alfred Tall. The land upon which it stands was part of the original grant and was for years occupied by the late Edgar Sprague, a great-great-grandson of Thomas Sprague. The next settler was Joseph Carter. He gave the district land upon which to build a schoolhouse. The district is still known as the Carter District. In 1807 Samuel A. Patchin drove through from near Lake George with an ox team and built a log cabin where Bert Blodgett now lives. Mrs. Blodgett is a great-granddaughter of the original owner. The first orchard in the district was planted on this tract. A little later Abram Sturge cleared the land and built a· log cabin on the old Sturge homestead. The late Charles Sturge resided there for many years. Warner Miller, United States senator from 1881 to 1887, was born in a log cabin across the road from the schoolhouse. When he was running for governor, he came to Hannibal for a politi­ cal meeting and while here visited his birthplace. Afterward he helped the district buy an organ for the school. School children raised money and bought the first flag for the schoolhouse, Columbus Day, 1892. In 1899 the district purchased land from the Carter farm, moved the schoolhouse farther back from the road and im­ proved the grounds. l\Iiss Albina Hunter, who later lived on the Miller homestead, 112 taught the district school and then studied to be a physician, later practicing in Jordan, N. Y. Samuel Sprague was head of the National Rug Co. in Auburn, N. Y. The principal industries of the early days were lumbering and farming. There was a large saw mill on the creek west of the schoolhouse. Now the principal industries are dairying, poultry raising, fruit growing and general farming. E. W. Spafford & Co. ran a job printing office at Wolcott at one time and are now engaged in the printing business in Phelps, N. Y. This district has always responded to the call for soldiers. Joseph Carter was in the War of 1812. In the Civil War 15 answered the call: Alphonzo Patchin, Byron Patchin, Joel Sprague, Abel Austin, James Bessey, William Carter, Martin Carter, Walter Sturge, John James, William Gault, Dennis Weaver, George Pahnatier, Albert Fox and Ira Dibble. During World vVar I three responded: Harvey Bradley~ Ward and Hugh Sturge. Ward Sturge enlisted June 9, 1917, in the 30th Infantry band as third class musician. In November, 1918, he was transferred to the 6th Cavalry band as first class musician. He was in the battles of the Marne and Chateau Thierry and drove the first medical cart across the Marne. He was discharged at Camp Upton July 7, 1919. Hugh Sturge enlisted July 30, 1918, at Fort Ontario as private in the medical corps and was discharged September 15, 1919, as first class private. Harvey Bradley vvent to Camp Jackson September 6, 1918, as private. Here he was cook and acting mess-sergeant. He was discharged from Camp Upton in January, 1919. Many of our young people have attended Hannibal High School. Those who remained to graduate were Aletha Patchin, class of 1904, who afterwards graduated from Oswego Normal and taught in the New York schools. Susie Spafford, class of 1916, attended training class and taught in our district schools. Stanley Westover, class of 1920, aftervvards studied forestry at Syracuse University, and taught at Edenville, N. Y. He has been a teacher in the Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, school system for many years. Gertrude Sturge, class of 1921, held a position in Syracuse after her graduation. Neil Engle, class of 1921, took up his father's vocation, black­ smithing, for awhile after graduation. He is now associated with an accounting firm in Sanford, Florida. Other graduates from Hannibal High School are Glenn and Evelyn Blodgett, Doris Gillis, Donald Tall and Ruth Bartel. Evelyn, Doris and Ruth graduated from the Hannibal Teachers' Training Class. 113 The Carter school closed its doors in 1944 with Dolly Barrett the last teacher. Excerpts from the Clerk's Record Nov. 1843-Pd. Miss Wiltse for teaching 13 weeks the winter term of 1844 ______------______------$ 19.50 Jan. 1846-Pd. for glass 2 pains ______.07 Pd. 2 brooms and 1 cup ______------.33 Nov. 184 7-Pd. to ~- W. Brewster on ban1:-er ------1.19 Oct. 31 1870-Pd. Abram Sturge for boarding Teachers ______38.00 Jan. 24, 1873-1 bell ______------1.00 May 30, 1875-To cleaning schoolhouse ______.75 Nov. 10, 1875-For repairing schoolhouse, outhouse, cleaning and painting the same ______4.17 1882-Frank G. Sturge, Trustee Oct. 11-Gave Ella 1\1. Tidd order on collector for ______-----$ 24.79 Dec. 12, 1882-0ne dipper ______------_ .15 3 window lights ______.15 Jan. 1883-1 box crayon 25c, 1 quire paper 20c ______.45 July-1 box crayons ______. ____ _ .25 Feb.-Order on Collector to Blanchard for cleaning and repair- ing House . ______. _ 2.50 March-Paid A. M. Fox for wood ______20.00 Dec. 25, 1883-Gave Galatin Gifford order on Supervisor for ______25.65 Feb. 6-Ditto ______.. ______.______.______62.35 Cost of Privy and Black board ------______23.00 For pine lumber and shingles ------______9.78 Nails and hinges ______. ______1.72 D . t i a1n ------.50 For drawing 1umber paid ______------______2.00 Making Black board ( G. Gifford) ------______1.00 Hemlock 1umber (3 00 feet) ------______3.00 For making privy ------______5.00 Sep. 25-Perry Blanchard order on Col for work digging vault 2.00 Oct. 2, '83-Effie Patchin order on Supervisor for wages ______16.65 Raised by tax ______------______103.00 Rec. for Foreign scholars ------____ _ 2.00 $105.00 Expences ------__ ------______49.50 Oct. 9-0rder on Col to Effie Patchin ------55.35 Helen Patchin ______------______6.00 Aug. 188 7-Plank 130 ft. ------______1.30 Nails 2 1bs. ______6 Labar ______1. 0 0 June 1889-Bought pine 2132 feet lumber for schoolhouse ______42.96 1897-By 2 tons coal @ 4.25 ------______9.50 By 2 cords wood @ 1.60 ------3.20 1899-By 2 boxs cranes ------.20 1900-Pd. for labor R. Sturge ------______.62 W. S turge ______. 62 Steven Darby ______------.62 1905-Teachers wages $7.50 per week Library Books Used in District No. 9 (1850 and 1851} The Life of General Jackson, McIntosh's Book of Indians, Lights and Shadows of Africa's History, Manners and Customs of Natives, Lives of Celebrated Women, Lives of Celebrated American Indians, Enterprise Industry and Art of Man, Life of Lafayette, Elements of Meteorology, Wonders of Geology. 114 Two series of Clockmaker, two series Farmer's Daughter, two series of My Own Story, two series Girl's Manual, Venns-Duty of Man, Bible Not of Man, Nelson on Infidelity, Books for Children and Youth Volumes 1-2-3, Memory of H. Martin, Alphabet of Animals, Tales About the Heather, Golden Steps for the Young, The Young Lady's Book, Lives of Mary and Martha Washington, The New Clerk's Assist- ant. Teachers in District No. 9, Town of Hannibal 1843-44-Miss Wiltse, Sarah Dunton, 1844-45-Laura Fitch, 1846- Miss Gillis, 1848-Nelson Beardsley, 1848-49-Helen Gillis, 1849- Cynthia Fox, 1849-50-Elizabeth Dixsen. 1851-Elsey Humes, Catherine Ann Wiltsey, 1852-Elsey Humes, 1852-53-55-Catherine Ann Wiltsey, 1853-Mr. Darby, Mr. Haven, 1856-Nancy Gillis, 1856-57-E. Sills, 1857-S. Palmer, 1858-Miss Baker, 1858-59-Miss Dunton. 1861-Caroline Neasley, 1863-Mary Etta Perkins, 1865-Miss Gord­ inere, Miss Fletcher, 1866-Albina Hunter, Mrs. Brooks, 1867-Frances Lane. 1870-Ella Sanders. 1871-Ada Wiltse, Amelia Coe, 1872-1\lliss Mylechraine, Miss Ella Hunter, 1873-Mattie Gardenier. Ada Cleveland. 1874-Della Farn­ ham, R. Fletcher, 1875-Ada Coffinger, Sarah E. Hine, 1876-77-Anna Hompe, 1878-Anna Scofield, 1878-79-Ada Coffinger, Mary Hompe, 1880-81-82-Julia Dominick. 1880-81-Ella Spafford, 1882-Ella Tidd, 1882-83-Galatin Gifford, 1883-Effie Patchin, Helen Patchin, 1884-Carrie Wilcox. Lillie Pal­ mer, 1885-Mina ,valker. J. S. Hulbert. 1885-86-Ella Van Eops, 1887- Anna Tappan, Mame Gillis, Mina Gillis. 1888-Ella Van Epps, Lillie Palmer, 1888-89-Sarah Neidhardt, 1889-Eva Brackett, Frank Pal­ mer, 1890-W. B. Acker, Anna Strong. 1891-Dora Gillis, Etta Moody, 1893-1900-Mrs. Effa Patchin. 1901- 02-Eva Shutts. 1904-Effa Patchin, 1907-08-Effa Patchin, Lavina Field, 1908-09-Effa Patchin, 1909-10-Fred Cox, 1910-11-Mae Scott. 1911-12-Lura Lounsbery, 1912-13-Mary McKoon, 1913-14-Lura Lounsbery, 1914-15-Inez Dunham, 1915-17-Clementine Green, 1917- 18-Helen Cole Shutts. 1918-19-Mable Eckard, 1919-20-Florence Van Wie. 1920-23-Dorris Metcalf Sturge. 1923-25-Ella Wheeler, 1925-26-Dorris Sturge, 1926-28-Thelma Little, 1928-29-Ruth Bartel, 1929-30-Raymond Scott, 1930-31-Doris Gillis. Dorris Sturge. 1931-32-Ruth E. Palmer, 1932-33-Elizabeth Simmons. Howard Wil­ son, 1933-35-Nina Holsapple, 1935-42-Barbara Horton Jones, 1943- 44-Dolly L. Barrett. Roll Call of District No. 9, 1907-08 John Murray, Leon Spafford, Ward Sturge, Stewart Westover, Bernie Miner. Adelbert Barner. Albert Barner, Frank Field, Loren Cole, James Barner, Stanley Westover, Theodore Poormon, Harold Shepard, Hugh Sturge. Seymour Cole, Erwin Spafford, Maude Neville, Susie Spafford, Rosa Cole, Grace Grant, Belle Field, May Field, Ella Field. Visitors in 1911-12 Mrs. Jane Libbey, Mrs. Lottie Cutler, W. S. Gardner, Mrs. Frank Al_bring, Mrs. Fr~d Lane, Mrs. Benj. Lounsbery, Mrs. Amy Randal, Miss Maude Neville, Frank Dunham, Esther Lake, Eunice Sheoard, Mrs. Della Shepard, Mrs. Stella Lane, Mrs. Emma Spafford, Glenn Blodgett, Effa C. Patchin. Some District No. 9 School Pupils Calista Grant; Mamie, Nellie Wilcox; Erwin Spafford; Ward West­ over; Gertrude, Charles, Norma, Carol Sturge; Ethel Lane; Aletha, 115 Nathan, Clayton, Thelma, Dorothy, Delia, Clara Poormon; Selah. Armelle Wilcox; Willie Smith; Alfred Crissy; Edith Grant; Harvey· Jarvis, Milton Bradley; Bessie, Mabel Smith; Gladys, Anna Showers! Leon, Doris Gillis; Glen, Evelyn, John Blodgett; Ruth Bortel; Donald Tall; Mildred Chase; Raymond Lund; Lawrence Gary; Grace School­ craft; Lois Engle; Grover, Ida Belle, Bertha, Melvin, Glenn, Roy Libbey; Leslie, Marion, Edgar, Mabel Fuller. Charles, Bertha, Marjorie Huntley; Ella Earle; Dorland Horn; Anna Elizabeth Eastman; Richard Baker; Clarence Gibbs; Ruth, Doris Fikes! William DeForest; Hobart, Merald, Myrtle Parrow; Wahneetah Heath: Dorothy, Raymohd, Thelma, Paul Garrett; Pearl, Russell, Charle~ Rogers; Raymond Davis; Earl, Gloria, Gordon, Dorothy Stock; William Betty, Richard Lawrence; Grace Poole; Robert Irwin; Margaret, Lyl~ Bowers; James, Harlow, Lois, Janet Blackburn; Velma Green; John Scott; Beulah, Hazel, Leland Gardner; Charles Lincoln; Lee Living­ ston; Robert, Virginia, Dorothy Jenks; Frances Groesbeck.

116 Schoonmaker District No. 10

T IS believed by some of the older residents that the school­ I house was built about 1830. Some of the very early pioneers in this district were Isaac Pharis, Mr. Ryan, Mr. Ogram, Mr. Schoonmaker and William Green. The school district was named after the Schoonmakers. The old Schoonmaker home­ stead was purchased by Ira Dopp who resides there at present. He believes that the house is 150 years old. Some of the early residents were John and Caroline Wilson, Maurice and Aman­ da Dopp, John Sullivan, William Beard, Mr. Cook, William Hyatt, Mr. Lake, Hardy Lamson, Edward Wells, Lew Green and Mr. Randall. Henry Patrick, father of Mrs. Charles Youngs, purchased the farm at the end of the road, south from the schoolhouse, about 1880. The family lived in a log house for a year and four months until their new house \Vas built by Mr. Dexter. Dexter lived on the corner east from the schoolhouse toward Dexter­ ville. There was only a small garden spot cleared east of the house. Mr. Patrick cut the trees and \Villiam Chillson, father of Super­ visor George Chillson, with a yoke of oxen, helped to clear the land. Mrs. Charles Youngs (Anna Patrick) attended school in this district, also Celia Beardsley, a granddaughter of Mr. Patrick, who lived with her grandparents. Miss Eva Brackett was the teacher in 1887 and boarded at the Patrick home. John Wilson's family lived across the road from Patricks and Anse Rudd lived on the farm north from them. Orin Beebe and lVIyron Ormsby preached in the schoolhouse. There was lots of snow in those winters and every man with a team plowed his beat of road and then kettled it with a large cauldron kettle. The postoffice was at the Dexterville store and each neighbor often delivered his neighbor's mail. Mrs. Youngs remembers, as a girl, that she often walked the two miles to and from the postoffice after the evening meal. Mr. Dopp remembers that when he was a boy he passed the water for the children to drink. Everyone drank from the same dipper as it was passed from pupil to pupil-no thought of germs in the good old days. He also remembers of a Christ- 117 mas when Charles Byrne dressed up as a Negro and sang comical songs behind a curtain strung across the front of the room. As he sang, he jumped up and down back of the curtain, showing his face. Some of the pupils were: Alice, Clara, Charles and Fred Tallman, Bert and Dewitt Hall, Eva and Myron Rudd, Charles Wilson, Wesley Hannah, Jessie, William, Albert, Samuel and David Lamson, 1Lena Reynolds Rogers, Ida, Jay, Charles, Nina and Lena McClellan, Tommie and Jennie Dunton, Nellie and Maude Dexter Stevens, Flora and Floyd Beebe, Mary Ryan, Jennie Cross, Anna and Pear1 Beard, Edith and Celia Beards­ ley, Anna Patrick Youngs, Hazel and Earl \~oung, Lela and Robert Johnson, Donald and Charles Taylor, Cora, Clara, Thel­ ma, Harold and Adelia Wilson, Ira and Seward Dopp, -­ Casler, --- Kauffman, John, vVilliam and Sanford Wescott, Wesley Stone. Some of the teachers were Lillie and Stella Tidd (1885), Belle McCoe (1886), Eva Brackett (1887), Mrs. Rowlee, Reeves J. Leonard, Cora Perkins, Minnie True, Dell Braga, Anna I(en­ nedy, Clara Brackett Byrne, Lois Dopp, Or lie Druce, Florence Welling, Isaac Pierce, 1\Iarion Gannon, Ethel Youngs. The school closed its doors in 1938.

118 District No. ]_ l (South Ha1111ibal)

The Dying Man's Request NOTHER landmark is located on the l\Irs. Emma Field's A farm in South Hannibal. There are two \vhite sawed mar­ ble slabs standing ne8r each other which mark the graves of Mr. and Mrs. Mosher with several common stone slabs erected in an upright position marking the graves of their children. Mrs. Mosher was born in 1784 and died at the age of 67 on November 24, 1851. Mr. lviosher was born in 1786 and died at the age of 42 on August 4, 1828. It is related that the family was part Indian and in the 1830's a bear passed by their cabin where­ upon it was tracked clear to the Seneca River and when the animal plunged into the stream, the chase was given up. When the land was sold to Mr. and Mrs. Field in 1907 there was a clause or stipulation that the section of land set aside for the cemetery was not to be plowed or disturbed in any way. There was a fine apple orchard consisting of many delicious varieties on the Mosher farm and great care was taken to keep it in the very best condition. Mrs. Rachael Mosher heard the dying request of her husband, Timothy, which was that he wished to be buried with his face turned toward the North so that it would be possible for him to keep his eye on the wonderful apple orchard. Old timers claim that the request was duly carried out. Rachel Timothy Mosher Wife of Timothy Mosher Died Died Aug. 4, 1828 Nov. 24, 1851 AE. 42 years Age 67 Years South Hannibal This hamlet received its former name of Hull's Corners from its first settler and storekeeper, Burr Hull, who migrated here in the early 1800's from Connecticut. He built the store which stood on the corner and was ovvned by Horace McCausey. Mr. McCausey carried on a mercantile business for over 50 years. John Shaff of Fairdale purchased the store in 1861 and became the second proprietor. The present store is the second one built on the site by Hull. About 1814 quite a number of fam­ ilies came from Washington and Albany counties and in 1818 119 there were 18 houses in the little settlement Some of the early families were the Chap mans, Gardners, Metcalfs, Terpenings, Jameses, Wolvens, Huletts and Osbornes. In 1833 a hotel was built across the street from Hull's store. Mercy Goodman's house is a part of it. Official records from Washington, D. C., show that a post­ office was established July 2, 1836, with Burr Hull as the first postmaster. He held the position until June 2, 1855, when Ransford Case "iras appointed as his successor. The mail was brought from Hannibal Center every Saturday. There was no Rural Free Delivery or stage coach at that time. Any person of good reputation who happened to be go­ ing to Fulton would stop at the postoffice, located in Wells' store, and take the mail to Fulton, bringing back the return mail. Later the mail was carried by a stage coach which ran from Hannibal to Fulton. It also carried passengers and did errands for a nominal fee. Everyone had either to come or send to the postoffice for his mail. This brought many people to South Hannibal both morning and night The stage coach, known as the Star Route, was contracted for a year at a time. It was generally hauled with a lively team of horses at a stiff trot. They had two cow bells strapped to the neckyoke so people would hear them coming. Of course, that was not always necessary as some drivers would make more noise than the bells. Sidney Hulett built and operated the first and only sawmill in Hull's Corners where Horace McCausey formerly lived. It was located on Murray 1\1:egra,v's property and the old dam is plainly visible today. This mill was bought many years ago by Alanson Gifford and was moved to a site a little north of Gil­ bert Palen's house. Practically all the lumber used in the older houses and buildings, including the Baptist and Methodist churches and the schoolhouse, was sawed in this old mill. Mr. Hulett had a yoke of large oxen that refused to draw and would not be persuaded. Then he would get a bundle of corn or a pumpkin and stand ahead of them saying, "Come, boss," and they would dra\.v any log that had two ends. On the former Sidney Hulett farm now owned by Murray Megraw is a salt and sulphur spring. This was drilled in the early days with the intention of making salt. Whether salt was actually made is not certain, but it did furnish a salt lick for deer and other wild animals. This is also the reason perhaps why so many Indian arrowheads have been found in this vicinity where Indians went hunting for deer. , The first minister was Reverend N. Crandall. The first good carpenters were John Armstrong and Luther Hannum, the great-great-grandfather of the Luther Hannum you know today. Many an old-timer went to his final resting 120 place in a black cherry coffin built by Luther Hannum. The price was $7.00 for a carefully handmade casket which ,vould last for decades. Armstrong built the house where Philip Haws now lives and also the Verne White place. We do not know when the first schoolhouse was built, but if a hamlet sprang up here in the 1820's, it would be in keeping vvith American custom to have a school at about that time. Its first location was on the west side of the road a short distance north of Murray Megraw's residence, probably placed there to make less walking distance for some children north of here. The old building has been moved four times and is now an annex on the M. E. Church. The present schoolhouse was built in 1854. Samuel Wakeley, the first blacksmith, ran a shop on or near the present site of the schoolhouse garage. He turned his own horseshoes from straight bars of iron and made his own nails. It took a whole day to shoe a team. His barn stood near the schoolhouse and when he came out to feed his chickens he would call, "Hoodle, doodle, doodle," and they would come, much to the merriment of the boys and girls. Other early settlers were Augustus Lester and Dr. Miner Tuttle, the first physician. Dr. Tuttle's old home burned many years ago~ but it once stood where Adelbert Pluff now resides. He owned a 100-acre farm now comprising the former Mayer and Ralph Pellett farms. Orrin Rhodes made black ash splint baskets-some so tight they would even hold water. Mr. Burchard ran a chair factory. David Austin built the first and only hotel. The early settlers had to take their wheat to Fulton (then a small hamlet) to have it made into flour. This was done on horseback or by ox team and slip, going through the miles of woods by marked trees, as there was no road. The trip some­ times took two days. The Matso•n Trail Abraham Willey or Wiley and his two sons-in-law, Eli Matson and Dr. Allen Benton settled at Benton's Corners, town of Ira in 1804. Eli was called General having been a General in the Revolutionary War and was a great-grandfather of the late Harvey Matson of Crocketts. Eli left and returned the next year with his family, settling a little north of Ben­ ton's Corners on the opposite side of the road somewhere near where the late Joseph Foley resided. It was here that he kept a small store until he died. In 1806 a grist mill was set up at Hannibal Center, there be­ ing no such mill in Ira until 12 years later or in 1818. Shortly after locating, General Eli blazed and trimmed out a five-mile trail to Hannibal Center's grist mill and this trail became known as the l\1atson Trail or road by which it eventually be- 121 North

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Tor;'N Of' IRA each .,rn' s Corners

S.uth came known. More familiarly known today it is the road lead­ ing southeast out of Hannibal Center and terminating in front of the former Fred Marvin place no\V owned by Alfred Living- ston and was long known as Goose Point. · South Hannibal, 1880-90 The period from 1880-90 was probably the most colorful 10 years of South Hannibal's existence. At that time there were two churches, Baptist and Metho­ dist; two blacksmiths, one run by I. N. Meeker and the other by Gilbert L. Metcalf. Both of these shops did wagon repair- 122 ing and general woodworking. There was also a cobbler, a tinsmith, a cooper and a jeweler. Three secret orders were then at work here-A.O.U.W., I.O.G.T. and the Grange or Patrons of Husbandry. The I.0.G.T. held meetings over McCausey's store and the A.O.U.W. met in the town hall. In 1884 a village band of 14 pieces was organized with A. S. Lane as leader and 1\/Ir. Highrighter as teacher. The band stand stood across from the school house. This was a pleasing feature of the community for several years. During this time 0. H. Livingston assumed leadership. Members were: A. S. Lane, 0. H. Livingston, Fred "\Vells, A. Osborn, John Blake, Warren Blake, Ellsworth Miller, Frank Reagan, Mason Terpening, Charles Baldwin, Arthur Reagan, Charles Burghdorf, John Livingston, J. Osborn, A. Hulett, E. P. Wells, Charles Blake, George White, Caleb Baldwin. There was also a grist mill, a cheese factory, a chair factory and two stores. One was owned by E. Wilcox and the other by the Wells Brothers. Wells' was diagonally across from the schoolhouse on the foundation which is still there. It was a large store for a country place and carried a good line of gro­ ceries, dry goods and notions, boots and shoes, drugs, wall paper, hard\vare and fertilizer. E. G. Wells operated an apple dryer. Gilbert L. Metcalf's shop was run by steam as was the cheese factory. The cheese makers during this period were C. Blake, F. W. Palmer and G. Trimble (partners) and F. N. Palmer. Some Italians oper­ ated it one winter and made their own country cheese. Milk was hauled to the cheese factory mostly with single horse­ drawn vehicles. It was not uncommon to see 10 or 12 single horse-rigs at the factory ,vaiting to be unloaded. The milk was drawn in 30 and 40 gallon cans which were taken off the wagons with grappling tongs, windlass and crane. The influx of the farmers and the arrival of the stage made things quite lively in the morning. Sou th Hannibal School The present schoolhouse was built about 1854. The early teachers received from $1.50 to $2.00 per week for a five and one-half day week and boarded around in the district. The year was divided into the summer and winter terms. Attend­ ance ran as high as 76 or more with the older pupils really men and women. Many of the school records were lost when the last South Hannibal store fire occurred. The first record of the school to be had was that of a meeting held in 1871 when Sidney Hulett was chosen chairman, David Wells clerk, G. V. Wolven trustee and Niles Case collector. The bell which sumn1ons the pupils of District No. 11 for 123 study was purchased and used by Morris Blake in the Cad well District (1868-69). At the 1877 meeting they voted to use Quackenbush's arith­ metic, Clark's grammar, Montieth's geography, the Analytical readers and spellers. The teacher was paid $7.00 per week for winter and $5.50 for summer term. In 1880 they paid $1.00 for cleaning the schoolhouse and 7 cents for a quart of soap. In 1882, $72.89 was, raised by taxes for the support of the school. Men teachers in those days were earning money to help them go on to study law, medicine or engineering-a stepping stone to some other occupation-and were of an unusually high type. Teaching was not a profession in those days. Certification was determined by the local school commissioner. Some of the trustees of this district have been: G. V. Wolven, S. E. Rowlee, S. D. Gardner, William Howland, D. D. Wells, Merritt Miller, A. S. Lane, B. Wilcox, George Barlow, E. J. Wells, C. W. Haws, lviilton Terpening, F. A. Miller, George Hines, George Blake, Arthur Goodman, F. N. Palmer, Lynn Randall, George Baldwin, William Summerville, William Reddy, Murray Megraw, Philip Haws, Ivan Blake, Raymond Hovey, Fran Beadle, Gordon Dibble, Charles Warner. The following are the closing exercises of the South Hannibal school held Wednesday evening, June 16, 1915. The class colors were red and green and the motto, "Climb Through the Rock." Music, orchestra; salutatory, Elsie Goodman; "Mrs. Pussy," Lillian Baldwin; "The Builders," Mae Field; "The Blue Jay," Ruth Hines; music, orchestra; "The World's Music," Frank Barlow; exercise, "The Best Places"; solo, Marion Blake; "Discontent," Ella Field; "The Brown Thrush," Edna Green; "It Is Not Always May," Viola Goodman; music, orchestra. "Rover in Church," Gladys Showers; essay, "Manhood," Joseph Hines; "Children," Ethel Palmer; "Gettysburg Address," Helen Ran­ dall; duet, "In the Schoolroom," Esther White and Ruth Keller; "The Setting Sun," Agnes Davis; "The Policeman," Howard Keller; "The Panama Canal and Its Benefits," Stanley Goodman; music, orchestra. "When Grandma vVas a Little Girl," Maude Hines; valedictory, Erma Sprague; conferring certificates, Mrs. Mae Haws; music, orchestra. School Board and Faculty: Arthur Goodman, Trustee; Vernon White, Collector; Fred Palmer, Clerk; W. S. Gardner, Superintendent; Mae D. Pellett, Teacher. District No. 11 Roll Call, 1920-21 Douglas Blake, Gordon Blake, Cedric Goodman, Howard Keller, Bruce Parsons, Donald Stoutenger, Eugene Fresch, Raymond Shoults, Walter Purtell, James Purtell, Raymond Crego, Daniel Randall, Harlan Barker, Warren Blake, Clifford Keller, Donald Taylor, William Blake, Floyd Taylor, Norman La,vs, Dorothy Boom, Frances Goodman, Edna Greene, Barbara Haws, Reta l\1erriman, Carrie Purtell, Helen Pellett, Margaret Shoults, Marion Ames, Edith Showers, Edna Laws, Corrinne Cuney. Colored Children from Chillson's Camp (Fall of 1947) Edward Sellers, Bennie Stephens, Gloria Stean Stephens, J. W. Stephens, Ethel Mae Hall, Mary Louise Hall, Levy Hall, John Hall, Betty Jean Allen, Roosevelt Walker, Calvin Walker, Mary Ella Walker. 124 District No. 11 Pupils. 1949 Diane Chillson, John and Joyce Crego, Elaine Dibble, Ruth Ann Hovey, Sandra lngison, Jean and Kay Lewchanin, Mable, Leon, Harold and Charles Reynolds, Harold and Christine Roe, Robert Rogers, Jerry Toloff, Luella and Lela Summerville, Bobby Van Buren, Robert Wade. South Hannibal Teachers-Dates Approximate Truman Showers, 1857; Miss Earl, 1858; Elizabeth Schenk, 1859; Margaret Van Vranken; Ellen Waterman, 1861; F. M. Pasco, 1862; Jose­ phine Lane, 1862; Oscar F. Miller, 1863; James F. Cooper, 1864; F. Currier, 1865; Martha A. O'Neal, 1869; Willis E. Matson, 1882; Lovica Austin, 1882-83; Ella or Ellen Baker, 1883. Richard L. Smith, 1884; Hirarn Smith~ 1884; Frank L. Cooley, 1883- 84; Gertrude M. Hill, 1886; Pierre Tullar; Fanny Rogers, 1885-93; Ben­ ja1nin F. Gifford; Frank Randall, 1891; Minnie Randall, 1892; Frank Brackett, 1892; Harvey J. Terpening, 1894; Cora H. Perkins, 1894-95; Fred Randall; S. R. Lockwood, 1895; Anna Ball, 1896; Anna Holliday, 1896; Marion Metcalf, 1897; Ona A. Scanlon, 1899. Jennie Rowlee, Gertrude Hall, Verner Shattuck, Hattie Humphrey, 1900; Clara C. Dean, 1900-01; Nettie A. Rogers, 1901; Minnie Ingoldsby, George Morton, Sarah Matson, Eleanor Hodge, Ernest Hopper, Lucy Ball, Theon A. Williams, 1902-03; Grace and Pearl Patchin, Ella M. Rogers, 1904-05. Edna Godfrey, 1906; Ruth Bartlett, 1907; Mrs. Emma Rowlee Steb­ bins, 1908-10; Grace Parkinson, 1910-11; Leon Harris, 1912; Mabel Graves, 1912-14; Mae Pellett, 1914-15, 1918-19; Flora DeWolf, 1915-16; Alice Brown, 1916-17; Marie C. Rogers, 1919-20; Hattie Van Wie, 1921- 22; Ruth M. Phelps, 1922-23; Frances Blake Palmer, 1919-20, 1922-24; Annie and Gertrude Pearl Lenton, 1920-21. Nellie Gifford; Aneita Graves, 1927-28, 1930-31; Marion Andrews; Frances Kranze, 1929-30; Mrs. L. Mae Signor, 1933-34, 1937-38; Mrs. Gordon Sturge, 1938; Hazel Chaffee, 1938-43; Mae Pellett Rogers, 1943-44; Reta Merriam 1944-45; Rowena Godfrey, 1945-46; Mae lVIarch, 1945-46; Vivian Megrav.7, 1946-49. Baptist Church of Sou th Hannibal It wp,s organized August 7, 1851, with the following officers: John Chapman, deacon; J. B. Chapman, church clerk, and the following 14 members: Arris Chaprnan, S. Hulett, E. T. Hulett, Ira Dibble, Elis Dibble, G. James, Catherine James, E. R. Chapman, E.T. Pierce, Anna James, Sally Terpening, Betsy James, Hannah B. Armstrong and Helen Lathrop. The site for the Baptist Church was given by J. Chapman, great-grandfather of George M. Blake, and the timbers and lumber were sawed in his grandfather's, Sydney Hulett's mill. The church was erected in 1851 and dedicated May 7, 1852. The membership was 35 at that time. Connected \vith the church in 1855 was a sewing society which consisted of 15 ladies who met at the home of H. Powers (pastor) and elected Mrs. S. James as president and Mrs. Sarah Lane as treasurer. Much clothing was made for needy people in the area by this group. Pastors have been: Rev. N. Crandall, Hiram Powers, A. Graham, Elder Silas Hitchcock, Elder Orin Beckwith, T. M. Green, Rev. S. A. Jones, Elder E. D. Cross, Elder R. N. Burdick, 125 Elder A. A. Reed, Elder F. Stiles, Elder A. D. Christjohn, Elder Wayne Brewster, Elder M. H. Blackman (received $200 per year cash), Elder J. C. Henry, Elder L. R. Reynolds, Elder E.G. Sharp, Elder D. J. Allen, Rev. Francis Glenister, Rev. Paul Gillette, Rev. Anthony Jefferson, Rev. Ernest Habel, Rev. George Yager. The members of the church in May, 1925, were: Mr. and Mrs. D. J. Allen, Mr'. and lv1rs. Leonard Fields, Mr. and Mrs. George D. Baldwin, Mr. and Mrs. Howard Terpening, Mr. and Mrs. John Lenton, Mr. and Mrs. Verne Cooper, Mr. and Mrs. Andrew Dickinson, Mrs. Ruth Osborn, Jay Baldwin, Lillian Baldwin Hovey, Ruth Baldwin Weldon, Eleanor Kingsley, Annie Len­ ton, Winifred Lenton, Hazel Larkin, Blanche Larkin, Mrs. Robert Southard, Mrs. John Livingston, Mrs. George Hines, Mrs. Brennan, Alice Dickinson Tabor, Reuben Terpening, My­ ron Terpening, Maud Hines. The officers in 1925 were Hattie Baldwin, Clerk; Emma Field, Treasurer; Ruth Osborn, Organist. Some of the families interested in 1949 are Mr. and Mrs. George Baldwin, Mr. and Mrs. Raymond Terpening, Mrs. Lil­ lian Hovey, Mrs. Emma Field, Mrs. Georgie Dickinson, Mr. and Mrs. Ayden Dickinson, Mr. and Mrs. Ross Blake. Among the young people who are showing more than passing interest are Janice Hovey, Carol Easton, Frederick March and Raymond Terpening. South Hannibal Methodist Church On April 25, 1856, Abram Pierce, Jackson Lane, Truman F. Brackett and William T. Osborn of Ira, together with Norman Thompson and Seneca Allen of Hannibal, as trustees purchased of Orrin Henderson and Marcia L., his wife, the site for the M. E. church, which was built about 1860. The value of the edifice, a building 36x52 was $2,000. This with Hannibal Cen­ tre formed a charge. In the 1890's the society had 45 to 50 members with an aver­ age Sunday school attendance of 40 scholars. Heads of families interested in this church since its founda­ tion have been James Warner, G. V. Wolven, George Osborn, C. L. Finch, I. R. Osborn, M. V. Connell, S. D. Gardner, A. S. Lane, Mr. Swift, C. W. Haws, G. L. Metcalf, G. H. Wolven, J. R. Megraw, J. Childs, E. Howard, E. Wilcox, E. G. Wells, Charles Doty, H. Dings, W. Blake, P. C. Glover, G. l'L Parsons, Smith Hawkins, John Van Wie, J. Green, P. Smith, W. Weldon, R. Randell, Mrs. F. N. Palmer and Otis Baldwin. Some of the ministers have been Reverend Peck, R. H. Ful­ ford, F. H. Lewis, A. C. Parker, R. Farr Brown, Henry Fisher, Mr. Scriber, Herbert Loomis, Charles Holcomb, V. L. Nichols, David Bunville, J. 0. Johnson. 126 Church Federation South Hannibal churches federated in September, 1932. It was decided to hold church service six months alternating be­ tween the Baptist and Methodist with the Methodist service from May 1 to November 1. Mr. Glenister came in September, 1928, as a supply pastor for the Baptist group while Mr. Her­ bert Loomis was supply pastor for the Methodist church for several years previous to federation. Among those who give much of their time and effort at present are Clara Baldwin, Mr. and Mrs. Hayden Benton, Mrs. Randall, Mr. and Mrs. Francis Benton, Mr. and Mrs. Arthur Haws, Mrs. Than Beadle, Mrs. Fred Lane and Charlotte Baldwin.

South Hannibal Butter and Cheese Company - Farmers conceived the idea of a cheese and butter factory in the 1860's. Shares were sold December 6, 1870, and the fac­ tory constructed. Augustus Gardner was the first president. Some of the early workers were H. Smith, the first cheese­ maker; Calvin Corey, Jay Nash and Harvey Duratt, assisted by his daughter. Sands Gardner later took his father's place as president. There were probably 50 stockholders during the greatest period of activity of the company. Netus Palmer owned a part of one share when the company first started and his son, Fred N. Palmer, still has the original certificate owned by his father. In 1882-83 Charles Blake bought up the stock, selling it later to Fred W. Palmer and Gurdon Trimble, who operated until 1897 when Fred N. Palmer purchased one-half interest. Trim­ ble and Fred N. Palmer continued on for 10 years and then Trimble sold his half to W. J. Peach of Pulaski. In 1897 when Fred N. Palmer took over there were 17 cooperative or farmer­ owned plants within a radius of 15 miles of South Hannibal, all making butter and cheese. From 1908 to 1911 the factory was operated by H. Corse of the firm of Corse, Peach and Trimble. After a period of three years Fred N. Palmer bought all the stock. The factory burned on November 17, 1914. It was rebuilt \vith a separate dwelling house and was ready for use in April, 1915. Butter and cheese were made there until 1923 when the plant was sold to the Peter Cailler Kohler Chocolate Company at Fulton. Fred N. Palmer continued to run the plant for 17 years until 1940 at which time he retired. The plant was oper­ ated for three more years and closed permanently in 1943 when it was sold to Homer Matson as a residence. Mr. Matson sold it to Albin Johnson. 127 White Scl1ool, District No. 12

N THE year 1838 the freeholders and inhabitants of District I 16, Hannibal, decided to build a schoolhouse. At the meet­ ing held pursuant to special notice in District 16 (later 12) on the 15th of March, Joseph Rice was chosen moderator and Jona­ than Eastman district clerk. Ebenezer Perkins, Robert M. Rogers and Walker Dada were appointed trustees. Richard Starks was appointed collector. First-Resolved that the trustees purchase half or quarter of an acre of land for a site for a schoolhouse. Other early settlers interested in a school were W. A. Jonnson and Mr. Ketcham. The land was purchased from the farm now owned by Daniel Cooper, formerly the Roy Welling farm, then owned by Ebenezer Perkins. The purchase price was $3. 75, and in case the schoolhouse was abandoned, the land would be returned to the farm from which it was taken. Second-Resolved that we build a schoolhouse 20 feet by 24 feet. Third-Resolved that the trustees be instructed to prepare a draft for a schoolhouse and present the same to the district at its next meet­ ing. Fourth-Resolved that this meeting be adjourned to meet again at this place one week from this day at 1 o'clock p. m. Joseph Rice, Moderator, J. Eastman, Clerk. In 1838 there were 17 school districts in the town. It is be­ lieved that the district was changed to Number 12 in 1848. Other names found in the district record are recognized be­ cause of their prominence in town affairs: James Wilson, Walter Saunders, William Wilson, supervisor for many years; John Wilson; J. W. Brackett; P. A. Welling; Livingston Ketch­ am; R. A. Powers; James Gillis; Fayette Eldridge; Burr Curtis; Delos Perkins; Albert Saunders; G. B. Wilson, town assessor for many years; 0. J. Adamy; Harvey Wheeler; Thomas Welling. Following are some accounts taken from the clerk's notes. The form and original spelling appear in the follo\ving ex­ cerpts: March 22. 1838 Resolved that the Trustees let out the job of Building the schoolhouse with a woodhouse attached to the schoolhouse on the North West corner 12 feet by 14 with a single Roof and furnishing a box stove of 20 inches long with 20 feet of Stove pipe of the cheapest kind and the painting of said houses to the lowest bider houses to be painted vene­ tian red and a chimney for said stove. 123 Resolved that this meeting be adjourned to meet again 3 weeks from next Saturday at the house of Ebenezer Perkins at 3 o'clock p. m. George G. Maxwell, Moderator, J. Eastman, Clerk. Meetings of April 14, 1838 Resolved that resolution respecting the procuring of a stove and stovepipe be reconsidered. Resolved that we raise by tax $190 for building a schoolhouse and for furnishing a stove and pipe and for purchasing a site for said schoolhouse. November 5, 1838 Resolved that the District raise three dollars to purchase some stove pipe a pail and Broom a cup and a lock and key for said schoolhouse. Resolved that we have a school kept for 3 months during the coining winter to commence the first day of December to be kept by a man teacher. Resolved that we get 10 cords of 20 inch wood running measure to be corded under the District woodhouse to be hard wood 3 cord to be got by the first day of December next and the remainder the first day of January following. Resolved that the wood be got by the lowest bidder. The getting of the wood was bid off by Walter Saunders at 4 shillings and 7 pence per cord. Hector Gillis, Moderator, J. Eastman, Clerk. November 4 in :the Year 1839 Resolved that the District Raise by tax $7.27 to pay arearges in Said Districk two the former Trustees Dady and Perkins. Resolved that the trustees Employ a qualifide Male Teacher for Said Districk for 4 months During fall and winter of the present year. Resolved that $40.00 be Raised by tax to Defray Contingent Expenc­ es at Said Schoolhouse Such as Benches chare and Shovel or tongues Stove pipe & Co. Resolved that Said Districk have a Library. November, 1840 At the Anuel Meeting of School District No. 12 Ebeneser Perkins was cald to the Chair. Resolved that Ten Dollars be Raised by taxation for the purpes of Bilding a prevy for the School House (Reconsidered). Resolved that Each parent or Garden procure one ¼ Cord of Eigh­ teen inch Wood the Said wood be Beach and mapel. J. P. Storms, Clk. October 5, 184 7 J. P. Storms furnish 12 cords of hard wood stove length at fifty-six cents per cord. 1849 Resolved that we accept the account for paint and painting the school house $8.05. Resolved that we accept the account for white washing school house $1.25. Voted that we get ~13 of a cord of wood stove length for each schollar. January 27th, 1850 Resolved that we raise twenty-five dollars for Teachers wages. 129 Resolved that we raise one dollar for repairs. Resolved that we raise one dollar for contingent expenses. October 15th, 1850 Parmer Ketcham ,vas chosen moderator Walk Dady Clerk Wm. H. Johnson Trustee fore three year John P. Storms Collector H. H. Bronson Librarian for the ensujng year. Resolved that the Teacher board with the schollars the ensuing year. Resolved that we raise one dollar and seventy two cents for Teachers wages ahd repairs-lost. The wood was bid off by George Saunders at Sixty and a quarter cents per cord. W. Dady, Clerk. October 3rd, 1854 On motion it was Resolved to raise a tax of 1 % for a bell for the use of the school. October 2nd, 1855 The lowest bidder to furnish the wood for the school was Geo. Saunders at One Dollar per cord. October 6, 1857 Resolved to pay J. Chapman one dollar for the use of the stove the coming winter. October 10, 1865 Lowest bidder for the year's wood was $2.50 per cord. November 5, 1865 It was moved and carried that the school house to be built be 25 ft. by 34 ft. on the ground 12ft. post the room 10 ft. between joints the outside to be boarded up and down with 1 ¼ in pine lumber and match­ ed. October 9th, 1866 The cost of the new building was $865.34 the meeting voted to raise the amount of indebtedness by tax. Alx Mclnvoy, Chairman; W. H. Johnson Clerk; Darwin Bid,vell, trustee; Hyland Young, Coll.; Henry Dady, Lybrarian. October 13th, 1868 Resolved that ,ve have the School house insured also that we pay Miss Phelps 50 cts per week in addition to wages we agreded to pay her. October, 1869 Resolved that the teacher board around the district or board hired on the most reasonable terms that can be obtained. W. H.Johnson,Clerk. October l0ih. 1871 Resolved that we raise by tax twenty five dollars to go into the trustees hands to pay for putting down a well on the School House lot. August 19th. 1890 Resolved that we dissolve the Dist part to go to Hannibal and part to Hannibal Center Motion declared lost. 130 May 23. 1892 Special school meeting of Dist 12 Chairman J as. Gillis Moved that a committee of 5 be appointed by the chair to go before the trustees of dist. No. 4, and school meeting to be held at Hannibal Village Fri. Eve. May 27th 1892 to take action against uniting with dist. 4 as a Union free school. Resolution adopted. The following committee appointed Thos. Welling, Daniel Brown, Wm. Wilson, Delos Perkins and Fayette Eldridge. Moved that J as. Gillis be added to the Com­ carried moved that a rising vote be takEn to see how many are opposed uniting with dist. No. 4 as a Union free school. 31 against uniting and 2 in favor. G. B. Wilson, Clerk pro-term. August 2nd. 1892 Moved the Trustee look after children who do not attend School Motion prevailed. R. A. Powers, Dist. Clerk. August 3. 1897 Moved that the Trustee instruct the Teacher to remain at the School House noon times and from nine until four. "Carried." 1899 Dist. No. 12 Collector's Report Amt. on hand from last year ------$ 34.94 Raised by Tax ______------85. 22 Total ______. ______$12 0.16 Paid out on Trustees orders ______94.19

$ 25.97 Ed Welling, Collector. August 6. 1901 Some talk of new coal stove. May 6. 1919 P. A. Welling, chairman; Floyd Cooper, trustee; Nina Cole, clerk; Estelle Cooper, collector. It was finally decided that we vvould have to pay more for a teacher for coming year. Nina Cole, (Clerk). May 2. 1922 Motion made and seconded that the trustee not pay over $20.00 per week for a teacher carried. H. R. Wheeler, Clerk May 3, 1938 Represents the one hundredth anniversary of the building of the first school in this district. Grace Welling Cox was teacher at the time. May 2. 1944 There was a discussion of whether to keep the school open next year as at present there are only two pupils. It was voted to keep it open. The school was closed June 1945 with Gertrude Kellogg the last teach­ er in the district. The pupils who last attended the school were: 131 Mary Jane Thompson (Nagel), Jean Deming, Joe Taylor, William Taylor, Barbara Adamy, Irene Howe, James Gault, David Earner, Leon Howe. DISTRICT SCHOOL No. 12. HANNIBAL. N. Y. Florence E. Greene. Teacher, Charles Crockford. Trustee December 25. 1911 Pupils-Eva Crqckford, Ina Crockford, Rita Corporon, George Cole, Frank Cooper, Belle Fields, Mae Fields, Ella Fields, Frank Fields, Del­ bert Fields, Leon Gillis, George Hammond, Lloyd Hammond, Helen liammond, Howard Kellogg, Raymond Kellogg, George Phillips, Willie Smith, Harold Wheeler, Roland Wheeler, Leon Wheeler, Ella Wheeler. Closing Day Exercises, June 1 I. 1914 School Officers-Trustee, W. T. Cole; Clerk, Chas. Crockford; Col­ lector, Manley Welling; Superintendent, W. S. Gardner; President, George Cole; Secretary, Roland Wheeler; Treasurer, Eva Crockford. Teacher-Sadie M. Adamy. PROGRAM 1. Song by school. 2. Welcome, Nellie Kellogg. 3. "The Blue Bird," Ella Wheeler. 4. "A Boy's Song," Raymond Kellogg. 5. "I Saw a Ship," Louise Hammond. 6. "Story of the Lady of the Lake," Roland Wheeler. 7. Song, Eva Crockford and Helen Hammond. 8. "Seven Times One," Laura Wheeler. 9. "My Shado,v/' Rita Corporon. 10. "Sheridan's Ride," George Cole. 11. "Development of Our Government," Lloyd Hammond. 12. "The Making of Our Flag," Ella Wheeler, Howard Kellogg and Leon Wheeler. 13. "The Sandman," Eva Hollenbeck. 14. "Good Night," Karl Kellogg. 15. Conferring diplomas. 16. Song. PROMOTIONS To Second Grade-Karl Kellogg, Honor; Nellie Kellogg, Honor; Louise Hammond. To Third Grade-Rita Corporon, Honor; Laura Wheeler. To Fourth Grade-Eva Hollenbeck, Honor; Raymond Kellogg. To Fifth Grade-Ella Wheeler, Gilbert Hollenbeck. To Seventh Grade-George Cole passed Regents Geography. REGENTS PUPILS Eva Crockford, passed Geography; Helen Hammond, passed Geography. Lloyd Hammond passed Arithmetic, Geography and English. Roland Wheeler passed History, Spelling and Geography. PUPILS Eva Crockford, Helen Hammond, Ella Wheeler, Ina Crockford, Eva Hollenbeck, Rita Corporon, Laura Wheeler, Nellie Kellogg, Louise Hammond, Lloyd Hammond, Roland Wheeler, George Cole, Leon Wheeler, Howard Kellogg, Gilbert Hollenbeck, Raymond Kellogg, Walter Perkins, Levi Brown, Karl Kellogg, Ralph Brown, Ruth Brown. 132 Motto-"Always Lead; Never Follow." School Colors-Red, white and blue. Roll Call in District No. 12. 1929-30 Lloyd Tyler-Teacher Donald Sidman, Leo Sidman, Jack Welling, Stanley Kellogg, Fred­ erick Andrews, George Sidman, Lawrence Kellogg, Melvin Short­ sleeve, William Reed, Albert Reed, Michael Mills, Charles Williams Marion Samson, Doris Samson, Rena Reed, Ellen Mills, Hazel Mills: Norma Mills. Centennial Program. 1838-1938 Mrs. Grace Cox. Teacher How the schools of 1838 compare with the schools of 1938 was amply illustrated by a program and exhibit given by the pupils of the White district at their closing exercises last Thursday, June 16, 1938. Mrs. Grace Cox, teacher, had invited former residents to Old Home Day to celebrate the centennial of the organization of No. 12 (or No. 16, as it was in March, 1838) when freeholders met at the home of Ebenezer Perkins. The first part of the program was given over to reports of studies made by pupils of the early records and history of the district with reminiscenses by former pupils. Fred Gillis told just where he placed notes in the wall for the big girls; Alice Dada gave interesting ac­ counts of early industries; George Cooper, gave experiences as a teach­ er in this school He received his first certificate from the late Com­ missioner D. D. Metcalf, superintendent of this area for many years. Town Historian S. R. Lockwood showed interesting results of re­ searches into the history of Hannibal. These included how Kenosha, Wisconsin was settled and developed by the Western Emigration com­ pany, organized and financed by Hannibal men in 1835. Mrs. Fanny Perkins gave first hand historical data of the people. The pupils' closing program was as follows: Welcome, Gloria Warren; "Vacation Plans," primaries; recitation, Pauline Warren; play, "Aunt Jane Visits the School"; recitation, "Go­ ing Fishing," Gerald Stevens; waltz clog, Gloria Warren; "Boy's plans for Summer," Albert Reed; play, "Vacations Doctors," Neil Perkins, George Kranze, Gerald Stevens, Carol Earner, Pauline Warren; band selections; song, "Our Flag," Gloria Warren; valedictory, Carol Earner; remarks, Superintendent Gardner; poems, Manly Brackett; closing song, "The End of a Perfect Day," Mrs. Grace Powers Brackett; con­ gratulations, Superintendent, W. S. Gardner and Mrs. Grace Cox, Teacher. Guests al Centennial Celebration Mrs. Gertrude Curtis, Mrs. Vieta Curtis, Mr. and Mrs. E. Ward Adamy, Mr. and Mrs. Charles Kranze, Mrs. Erma B. Kranze, Miss Joyce Elaine Kranze, Mr. and Mrs. Karl Kellogg (former pupil), Mrs. Lottie Andrews Perkins, Mrs. Marion Andrews Place (former pupil), Mrs. Luella M. Hendricks, Mrs. Bertha Gillis, Mr. and Mrs. Stanley Earner, Mrs. Mildred Samson, Mr. and Mrs. Leroy M. Howe, Mrs. Nellie Hendricks, Wade H. Gillis, Mrs. Genevieve Reed, Mrs. Martha Eckard, Mrs. Alice Chamberlain. Frank Kellogg, Thomas Whitney, Mr. and Mrs. Glenn Stothard, Stanley Kellogg, Miss Sadie M. Adamy (former pupil and teacher), Mrs. Mary Adamy Kirkland (former pupil), Victor J. Adamy, S. R. Lock­ wood, H. R. Wheeler, W. S. Gardner (District Superintendent), Roy L. Welling, Harvey Perkins, Frank Sturge, Mr. and Mrs. Wilfred Adamy, 133 Mrs. Etta B. Smith, Mrs. Lena M. Kyle, Blaine L. Welling, Mr. and Mrs. W. Fred Powers, E.T. "\Velling, Mrs. Fred Brackett. Mrs. Fannie L. Perkins, Mr. and Mrs. Harry Powers, Mr. and Mrs. William Byrne, Mrs. Grace Lindsley, Mrs. Floyd H. Brown, Mr. and Mrs. Fred Gillis, Mrs. Grant Douglas (former pupil), Mr. and Mrs. James Shutts, Mr. and Mrs. James Fountain, Mr. and Mrs. Manley Brackett, Mrs. Della Wilson, Mrs. Laura Wheeler Plummer (former pupil), Mrs. Roland Wheeler, Mrs. Doris Andrews Beshures (former pupil), Mrs. Ella "\Yheeler Perkins (former pupil), Mrs. Nellie Kellogg Scott (former pupil), John W. Cox, George Cooper (former teacher), Alice Dada, Mrs. Agnes Windy, Mrs. Bertha Sidman. Teachers in District No. 12 1846-Helen Gillis (summer school, 1846-George Coales (winter school), 1868-Miss Phelps, 1876-80-Miss Matteson, Jennie Joslyn, Mr. James Weatherby, Ike Brackett, L. P. Storms. Maggie McNamara, Martha Cox, Richard Smith, Will Williams, Miss Maude Lund, Fannie Perkins, Mrs. Emma Cooper, Estelle Cooper, Grace Brackett, Anna Strong, Catherine Frost, Gladys Knapp. 1926-27-Louise Matteson, Leon Sayre, 1927-29-Frances Kranze Jones, 1929-30-Lloyd Tyler, 1930-31-Letty McGlen, 1931-34-Lorena VanAuken, 1934-39-Grace Cox, 1939-45-Gertrude Cox Kellogg (last teacher).

134 District No. 13 (Gifford District)

LIHU GIFFORD, his wife Polly, their four children and E another family came from Washington county, New York, in 1811 to make a home near the place where the Gifford school now stands. Mr. Gifford brought his family and posses­ sions on a slip drawn by a team of oxen. They arrived in the early spring and found four feet of snow. They built a log house with no windows and with only a blanket for a door. One night while Mrs. Gifford was sitting beside the open fireplace holding her baby, a bear appeared in the opening. Having no weapon, she reached for a red hot firebrand from the fire and chased the bear away. The next spring, in 1812, Mr. Gifford had two barrels of pork sent to him from Washington county. It came by boat on the canal to where the city of Fulton is no\.v located. Mr. Gifford went after it with his slip and oxen. When he was nearly home with his load, wolves, smelling the pork, attacked him. As he was unarmed, he had to unhitch his oxen and walk between them the remainder of the way home. The next morning he went back, expecting to find his pork gone, but he found the barrels unbroken. He could see that the wolves had fought among themselves as there were blood stains and bits of fur all around, but the wolves had gone. Between 1812 and 1816 Mr. Gifford erected a sawmill and sawed lumber with which he built a frame barn in 1816, the first in this section. About 1854 Gurnee Gifford, a son of Elihu and Polly, bought and moved a small building, which had been used as a doctor's office, from South Hannibal to his farm. This building was to be used as a schoolhouse. Gurnee had a crippled son who could not walk to South Hannibal to school, so, wanting his son to have an education, he bought a schoolhouse, hired a teacher, Maria Sheldon, and paid her himself. In 1856 the new school district was formed and numbered 20. In 1857 a new schoolhouse was built. The district was known as No. 20 until September 7, 1866, when it was changed to Dis­ trict No. 13 by School Commissioner Lemuel P. Storms. Scott Gifford, another son of Gurnee Gifford, went to Mis­ souri and purchased 1,700 acres, 700 of which were in the farm he occupied. His main crop was corn. Located on his farm were a depot, a store and a postoffice. 135 Among the early settlers was Alanson Gifford, who bought a mill from Sidney Hulett and moved it to a dam on property now owned by Gilbert Palen. Elihu Gifford also had another sa,vmill on a d~m on the same stream on property now owned by Clayton Gifford. Benjamin Gifford was a school teacher, surveyor and for many years a justice of the peace. He was an excellent penman and many specimens of his handwriting in the form of d~eds and wedding certificates are still to be found. Cortland Gifford, a son of Scott Gifford, was named for an uncle who once lived in the old family homestead in District 13, now owned by Mrs. Lena Gifford Anthony. Cortland makes his home in Nevada. He visited relatives here in 1948. Elihu Gifford raised a large family, among them a son, Robert, who was born here in the old family home. Robert married for his first wife Mary Dennison. They had one son, John, now deceased. After Mary's death Robert married Ruth Wiltse. They had five sons-Gallatin, Seymour, Lytton, Ezell and Tilden-who are now deceased. Ezell married Altha La Fontaine. They had four children-Robert, Ruth, Clayton and Lena. Ezell continued to make his home in District 13 until his death in 1938. He served for many years as trustee of the school district. Among the teachers he hired were Marion Place, Evelyn Blake Geer, Lucy Welling and Vivian Megraw. lvliss Megraw taught here for three years until the school was closed by vote of the district in 1939. In 1919 Clayton, son of Ezell, married Sarah Hannum. They have two children, Marjorie and John. The Hannums were also early settlers here. Edward C. Hannum had three children-Jay, John and Ad­ die-now deceased. Ross Hannum is John's son. He and his son, Luther, are farmers in District 13 and raise purebred Ayr­ shires. Ed ward was a carpenter and built the Methodist church in Hannibal, the house in South Hannibal formerly owned by Kenneth Haws and the large barn on the farm by Ernest Arnold at Bowen's Corners. Roll Call, 1905-06 Ed. Wells, Trustee Raymond, Ralph, Byran, Mina Williamson; Ruben Kelley, Walter Peck, Robert, Clayton, Ruth Gifford; Myrl, Verna, Wava, Neva, Youngs; Loren, Eva Wells; Milan Guernsey. Roll Call, 1916-17 Glynn Cronk, Evelyn, Agnes, Edgarita Dennison; Harold, Glaays, Mabel Davis; Richard, Martha, Olga Wilke; Fredrick, Francis William­ son; James, George, Luella Lake; Andrew, Glen Rogers; Lena Gifford, Francis Guppy, Sarah Hannum, Belle Sidman. Visitors at Gifford District, 1917-18 W. S. Gardner, Lela M. Butts, Samuel Burnette, Cade S. Lockwood, 136 Ruth A. Baldwin, Frances L. Rice, Mr. and Mrs. Kenneth H. Haws, Barbara Haws, Elizabeth Rice, Merle Jackson, Miss Mary Ellen Stevens, Louise Matteson, Miss Dorothy Little, Gladys M. Perkins, Nellie E. Carter, Mrs. Frank Williamson, George LaFontaine, Gaynell Carter, Ned Babcock. L1=>on fl. Sayre, Mary Caroline Ball, Florence Louise Lockwood, Zella Carter. Closing Exercises District No. 13 June 17, 1915 The following is the program at the closing exercises given at the Gifford district school Thursday evening, June 17, 1915, teacher, Miss Lura Lounsbery. Instrumental music, Mace Williamson; song by school, "Vacation Greetings"; salutatory, Fred Williamson; recitation, "The Rain." Gladys Davis; recitation, "Before the Rain," Samuel Burnette: dia­ logue. "A Tree's Defense"; instrumental music; recitation, "A White Rose," Mabel Davis: recitation. "My Shadow." Belle Sidman; dialogue, "Our Confessions"; recitation, "Happiness," Sarah Hannum: recitation, "The Secret," Lena Gifford; solo, "A Little House Upon the Hill," Ruth Brackett; recitation, "Remembrance," France~ Guppy; recitation. "The Caterpillar." Frances Williamson: recitation, "ThP. Tree," Harold Davis; dialogue, "Bird Day Verses"; song by school, "Vacation"; valedictory, Samuel Burnette; presentation of promotion and library certificates, George LaFontaine; instrumental music. June 16, 1916 The program for the Gifford district exercises is as follows: Violin solo, Mace Williamson: dialogue, "Welcome," seven pupils; salutatory, Fred Willian1son; recitation, "R. F. D." Harold Davis; reci­ tation, "The Charming May Queen," Martha Wilke; recib:ition, "When Father Takes Me for a Walk," Fred Williamson; song, "Come to the Wildwood," school; recitation. "Our Flag," Agnes Dennison; recitation, "Who Owns the Apple Tree." Lena Gifford: recitation, "How to Make a Whistle." Eddie Wilke; recitation. "What Pa Says." Evelyn Dennison; solo, Ruth Brackett; recitation, "Mother." Mabel Davis; recitation, "The Swing," Edgarita Dennison; recitation, "In Holland," Frances Guppy. Recitation. "The Boy Who Never Told a Lie," Gladys Davis; dia­ logue, "Making the Flag," three pupils: solo, Mace Williamson; recita­ tion, "Baking Cake by Rule," Olga Wilke; recitation. "Old Mother Earth," Belle Sidman: recitation, "Asleep and Awake," Frances Wil­ liamson; recitation, "Guilty or Not Guilty," Sarah Hannum: song. "Vacation," school; recitation. "When Company Comes to Our House," Evelyn Dennison; recitation, "A Mortifying Mistake," Agnes Dennison; recitation, "My Dolly," Edgarita Dennison; dialogue, "The Magic Wish," school; valedictory, 1\,1:abel Davis: nresentation of library and promotion certificates; violin solo, Mace Williamson. Closing Day Exercises, June 10, 1921 School Colors-Yellow and white. School Officers-President, Clara Wilke; secretary, Richard Wilke; treasurer, Luther Hannum. School Motto-"Strive for the Best." Superintendent-W. S. Gardner. District Officers-Trustee, George LaFontaine; clerk, John Hannum; Co11ector, Cortland Gifford; Teacher, Sadie Adamy. PROGRAM Greeting song, school; opening address, Freida Wilke; recitation, "A 137 Hint," Pauline Palen; recitation, "The Worm," Luther Hannum; flag drill and song, school; recitation, "When School is Out," Ivan William­ son; recitation, "Goodby Little Desk," Earl Williamson; play, "Three Pigs," primary; pantomime song, "Comin' Thru the Rye," Esther Schulz and Clara Wilke; play, "Patriotic Peanut Stand," school; song, "Tis the Month of June," school; talk, Mr. Gardner; closing address, Eddie Wilke; song, "America the Beautiful," school. PROMOTIONS Preliminary certificate, Lena Gifford; 7th to 8th Grade, Eddie Wilke; 5th to 6th Grade, Richard Wilke; 4th to 5th Grade, Clara Wilke, Ivan Williamson, Edward Williamson; 2nd to 3rd Grade, Luther Hannum; 1st to 2nd Grade, Freida Wilke. Roll Call for 1920-21 Eddie Wilke, Clara Wilke, Richard Wilke, Paul Jones, Freida Wilke, Edward Willian1son, Pauline Palen, Ivan Williamson, Earl Willliam­ son, Luther Hannum, Esther Schulz. Roll Call. 1926-27 Ezell and Marjorie Gifford, Luther Hannum, Melvin, Myrtle, Marion, Millie Piggah; Henry Schulz, Harold, Pauline Palen; Earl Williamson, Alford, lV.farion Winden; Charles, Milton, Roland Harwood; Freida Wilke. Visitors at Gifford District, 1934-35 Fred Gillis, W. S. Gardner, Marion Wilke, Teddy Wilke, Dickie Wilke, Ezell W. Gifford, Marie S. Walker, Marjorie E. Gifford, Gladys Gugula, Barbara Tyler, Richard Wilke, Clara Wilke, Alford E. Winden, Jean Gannon, Fred Larkin, Sarah Gifford, Robert Avery, Mrs. Edward Wilke, Lillian Jane Tyler, Pauline Murphy, Nina Larkin, Luther Han­ num. Roll Call. 1936-37 Donald and Betty Anthony, Harry Avery, John Gifford, John and Velma Green, Kenneth Hartranft. Gifford District Teachers *Uncertain. 1902-03, Ernest Hopper; 1903-04, Ella Rogers; 1905-06, Bertha A. Holdredge; 1906-07, Eva M. Brackett, Vera A. Lawton; 1907-08, Flor­ ence Green; 1908-09, C. Emily Wiltse; 1909-11, Ella Rogers Lounsbery, Mae Rogers; 1911-12, Ruth Parker Dennison; 1913-14, Ora Streeter Jones; 1914-15, Lura Lounsbery; 1916-17, Ethel Youngs; 1917-18, Elinor Babcock; 1918-19, Bessie Tompkins; 1919-20, Bessie Tompkins, Sadie M. Adamy. 1920-21, Sadie M. Adamy; *1921-22, Annie Lenton; 1922-23, Marion L. Babcock; 1923-24, Florence L. Welling; 1925-26, Muriel Manning; 1926-27, Laura Wheeler; 1927-28, Laura Wheeler Plummer; 1929-30, Marion Place; *1930-31, Mae Rogers; 1931-32, Lucy Welling; 1932-34, Evelyn Blake Geer; 1934-36, Freida Wilke; 1936-37, Marjorie Lock­ wood; 1938-39, Vivian Megraw (last teacher).

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The 01,1 Hnnnihnl Uryhouse (1000). Stmuliug In tloorwny: uni«leutffied. Elfzn Clark. :'.\lrs~ Gilltert Sl1utt11. Standing on Jn1)d~r1 'Eben Fett ... rly. :nnude nnndnll. Arthur ,,·ntMe (Su1•t. nntl o-n·uer), :)lrN. Bli E111«-igl1. 1\lrliC. Sin1eon ~hu1t~. Hnttte T11,.-lor • .'.tllllle :J•~ekMon.. ,,-n ,,.·nMon. ,-.. .._ I•"'lt.•1._•'t. 1-!tlnn lllllnhnn,cb Ke-lloJl;,r;. Thlr,l ron·: ~11111«- He-,,·lit•• JnDJl'H Fnlh--r. Jll11tt Hoom. "\'\rnllRCt" "\'\'nrd, ~' ···••'W"'..•' _..... -~---• .... • .. ~-,,-,,,. ··~···· ...... -- ...... , ..... ~ , ... , .. , ·--••r••:.:!-~.. :!-.■ ...-:c! ■ .. r«a,,·a ~~ .. ·~•··~- ( •◄-: ..1 ,,·1ac.-,:c:-1 .. r .. N clc•.r) • .1~~-1 .. ,·••r•I ,,-,..... ~1.-r. Jaimes Jnc:•k,.f>n,. · ---•-"- ~..._ • ■ --• ■ ,...,_~• ■ <1 I ■ • _,. • ,,-•• • C la•• r I••,.. • ■••"' _!_•A· ■ a 111•,. •• •• I cl,e• •• • I•·.- cl. District No. 14

HE first schoolhouse in District 14 was built of logs on the T farm now owned by Charles Horton, a short distance south of the present schoolhouse. Previous to this a temporary school was held on a porch which had been enclosed for the purpose. In 1841 the district purchased land of James Breed for $20, where a frame building was erected. This building was re­ modeled several times, but the old frame still stands to shelter the children of today. Shortly afterward the old log school­ house was sold for $4.37. The large desk on the platform in the front part of the room served as a pulpit, where every Sunday two religious services were held, one by the Free Will Baptists, and the other by the Methodists whose minister lived near the schoolhouse. During the early days in this district the attendance was large, often reaching 75 or 80 pupils. At the regular school meeting in 1838 a motion was carried that each pupil furnish three-fourths of a cord of wood, which was burned in the old box stove in the center of the room. It is claimed by some who attended the school that fresh air was plentiful as it came in from every corner. Among the early settlers in this locality were the Crofoots, Peter Van Patten, Benjamin Tuttle, Parsons Rhoades, Noyes Palmer, father of Hulbert Palmer, Rudolph Gary, Orin Barnes, James Manks, Darius Harmon, Stephen Horton, George Hop­ kins, Daniel Lounsbery and Ezra Williams. The majority of the people were farmers. There were three sawmills, the Rhoades mill, the Lounsbery mill east of Rhoades' 'Corners, and another one farther down the creek owned by Ezra Williams. A stave mill was in operation near the home of Thomas O'Brien. The people raised flax which they wove into linen for clothing, and sheep furnished material for woolen garments. The trustee's report for the year 1837 shows that school was taught four months and three days by one teacher who re­ ceived $22.48 for her services. Several fine teachers have been raised in District 14. Among them were Miss Fannie Rhoades, who taught several years in New York city directly after grad­ uation from Oswego Normal, and who was a member of the faculty of Hannibal High School until her retirement in June, 1934; George Miller, who afterward became a noted Methodist 140 minister, preaching in Minneapolis and Scranton, and at the time of his death holding a fine pastorate in New York. Dr. Elmer Williams and Dr. Marcus Williams, former practicing physicians of Syracuse, were born and raised here. Among the many teachers of our school are the following: Miss Bunel, Arsula Sprague, Washington lv1atteson, James Kennedy, Amos W. Farnham, Fred Wiltsie, Augustus Rhoades, Cyrus Haven, Frank Haven, Amanda Fletcher, Grace Powers, Mary Allen, Ora Storms, Carrie Byington, Evelyn Van Patten, Emma Matteson, and later Estelle Eldridge, Pearl Patchin and Elston Ecker. 1924-25, Hazel Thomas; 1925-26, Gordon Sturge; 1927-28, Ag­ nes Flint; 1928-29, Raymond Scott; 1929-30, Barbara Horton; 1930-31, Paul Eno; 1931-34, Barbara Horton; 1934-36, Winifred Crofoot Koski; 1936-38, Mrs. Rowena Godfrey; 1938-40, Mrs. Ella Lounsbery; 1940-43, Mrs. Vera lv1acDonald; 1943-45, Eliza E. Sponenbergh; 1945-49, Mrs. Dolly Barrett. Program, June, 1926 Song, "America"; flag salute, school; salutatory, Elizabeth Hensel; "Trees," Isabelle Farnsworth; "Some Day," Verne Crofoot; "If Lin­ coln Were a Boy," Irwin Eno; flag exercise, four boys; "Pockets," Earle Crofoot; solo, Edna Farnsworth; "Helping Mother," Junior Hensel; "April Fool"' Evelyn Farnsworth·' "L' Envoi", Winifred Crofoot·' "A Word to the Wise,". Addie Briggs; dialogue, "Getting Office Help," Howard Farnsworth, Irwin Eno; "The Lovable Child," Cecil Farns­ worth; "Where the Spankweed Grows," Ralph Hensel; "The Wind," Edna Farnsworth; music; "My Country," Elizabeth Hensel; "Your Town," Melvin Kranze; "Keep a-Goin," Wayne Briggs; "Camping Out," Howard Farnsworth; valedictory, Winifred Crofoot; presentation of diplomas, Teacher Gordon Sturge. Class Officers-President, Winifred Crofoot; vice-president, Edna Farnsworth; treasurer, Elizabeth Hensel; secretary, Irwin Eno. Class Colors-Blue and gold. Class Flower-Lilac. Class Motto-"Work and Win." 1927-28 Roll Call Wayne, Addie, Bessie Briggs; Earle, Verne, Winifred Crofoot; Leon­ ard Gove; George Jr., Ralph, Elizabeth, Howard Hensel; Melvin Kranze; Grover, Melvin, Idabelle Libbey; Edna, Cecil, Isabelle, Evelyn Farns1North; Mary, Ruth Chase. 1931-32 Visitors Mrs. Owen Owens, Fred Gillis (truant officer), W. S. Gardner, Bessie Parsons, Mae E. Parsons, Marion Parsons, Carrie B. Horton, Madelyn Horton, Melvin E. Kranze, Edna Mae Farnsworth, Charlotte M. Farns­ worth, Dr. W. B. Acker, W. W. Kehler, Richard Dunham, Mrs. Olive K. Hensel, Mr. George D. Hensel, Jessie May Hensel, Winifred Crofoot, Monica Hall, Gladys Boyle, Velma Wallace, Dorothy Scott, Fred Dur­ bin, Alfred Mills, Mrs. W. B. Dunham, Marie Dunham, James Dun­ ham. 1947-48 Roll Call James, Joan, Judy Bacon; Dorothy, Duane, Esther, Phylli~, Richard Cummins; Phillip Eno; Valerie Hennessey; Janet Hirsh; Shirley Pal­ mer. 141 District No. 15 (Dennison)

HE early settlers in this district were a family of Dennisons. T Samantha Dennison Leonard, mother of the late Reeves J. Leonard, was the youngest of seven children born to John and Lucinda Dennison. She was born in the house later owned by Mrs. Adelbert Myers' grandfather, Benjamin Rogers, and by her father, Edward Rogers, on December 9, 1842, and lived to be 96 years of age. At the time of her birth the country was a wilderness and ox teams were the mode of travel. In the early days of District 15 the schoolhouse was located down the road from its present site and stood by the woods under the hill. Later it was moved to its present location. This site was a part of the farm owned at one time by the Dennisons and later by the Rogerses, and was donated for the school. Ben­ jamin Rogers was one of the pupils in the 1880's. The school was closed in 1943 and the pupils were transported to Hannibal. The last teacher was Florence Houser. Teachers Melissa Lake Austin, 1880's; Lulu Leonard Hoag, Fannie Kosboth Perkins, Marion Metcalf, Lena McClellan Rogers, 1895; Edna Godfrey, 1897; Reeves J. Leonard, 1897; Kittie Connor, 1904; Lettie M. Wilson, 1905; Pearl Mahar, 1906-07; Margaret Jewett Vant, 1906-07; Nettie Rogers, 1907-08; Reeves J. Leonard, 1908-09; Anna Cain, 1909-10. Leon Harris, 1910-11; Alida Chase Reed. 1911-12; Helen Leahy, 1912- 13; Ruth Parker Dennison, 1913-14; Eva Wilcox, 1914-15; Ethel Byrne, 1915-17; Clara Sylvester Randel, 1917-18; Erma Cummins, Florence Cooper, 1918-19; Olive Lynch and Emma Sullivan, 1919-20. Minnie Connor, 1920-21; E. Mabel Dotterer, 1921-22; Elma I. Wentz, 1922-24; Marie Gallagher, 1924-25; Gladys Perkins, 1925-26; Karl Kel­ logg, 1926-27; Helen Caster, 1928-30. Lois Teachout, 1930-31; Ethel Youngs, 1931-32; Helen F. Long, 1932- 33; Earl Williamson, 1933-36; Mae D. Rogers, 1936-37; Ruth Zellar, 1937-38; Verna Hall Dulin, 1938-41; Florence Houser, 1942-43 1915 Roll Call Teacher, Ethel Byrne Effie, Esther, Edna, Nathan Rogers; Ralph, Aline, Arthur Fones; Agnes, Edgarita, Evelyn Dennison; Donald, Kenneth Gibbons; Letty Lake. 1925 Roll Call Gladys Perkins, Teacher Frances, Rose, Valeria Gugula; Frances, Mary Tomarchio; Frances, Helen, Mildred Gilluly; George Deming; Edna Rogers; Eva, Gladys, 142 Joseph Hadden; Bert, Charlie, Lake Flett; Richard Cooper; Alan, Jack Warner. 1942-43 Roll Call Teacher. Florence Houser Donald, Fredrick, William Baker; Charles Farnsworth; Charles, Doris Lum.

143 District No. 2, G1·a11hy (Pemhers)

EMBERS school district is known officially as District No. 2 P of the town of Granby, but it is a joint district made up from parts of Hannibal, Oswego and Granby. Some of the first settlers at Pembers Corners were Jacob Tallman, Lamson Pembers, William Deal and James Wilson, grandfather of the late James H. Wilson. Following them very soon were William Wilburn, Jake DeForest and Joe Bullis. The first road to this district was laid out from the Irish Settlement nearly 125 years ago. This road was at first blazed on trees. Jacob Tallman lived in a log house just north of the Monroe Phillips farm which is north of the Town Line church corners. At this time there was no school nearer than Lewis' Corners where his daughter, Mallone, attended for a short time. She was later Mrs. Mallone Bennett of Martville. The children had to make their way to school by marked trees. Here is one of the rhymes of that early day which the children frequently recited at the beginning of school in the morning: "Goodie Two Shoes so clever to set up a school, To rise with the sky-lark was always the rule. She taught little children their prayers and their letters, So they very soon grew in respect of their betters." In the early 1840's a girl by the name of Harriet Beers set up a school for girls nearly across from the former James Wilson farm. She had four or five girls for students and charged one shilling per week for each gir1. This school lasted only a few weeks. The next year a school was started in a small building just south of the present schoolhouse. The present schoolhouse was built not long afterward. The lumber was sawed in the Carpenter mill nearby and made ready for use in a kiln built a little to the east of the site of the present schoolhouse. The school was built on government land. True to the style of that day, the seats were built around the outside of the room, facing the wall and with their backs to the teacher. Miss Lydia Stark, daughter of Richard Stark, who had come with his brother, Stephen Stark, from Schenectady county about 1836, was the first teacher. Another of the first teachers was a Miss Kings­ bury. Some of the pupils of that day were Morris Richards, Reuben Darling, Joseph Carpenter, German Hill, David Met­ calf, Mary and Mallone Tallman and 'Tryphena Morrill. Jacob 144 Tallman was the first trustee, paying the teacher $1.25 per week with the understanding that she was to "board around." Among some of the other and later teachers were Amos Farnham, later a professor at Oswego Normal School; Theo­ dore Hancock, later Attorney-General of New York State; D. P. Morehouse, Sr., a leading attorney of Northern New York; Professor S. R. Lockwood, later principal of Hannibal High School; and D. D. Metcalf, later Superintendent of Schools. The first frame building was erected on the back of the Mon­ roe Phillips farm. People came from miles around to see this building. Other frame houses and barns followed. One of the largest, known as the "big barn," was erected on the farm known as the Broderick farm, later owned by Percy Rauch. This barn was destroyed by fire several years ago. Two cheese factories were built, one on the Pontiac farm, then owned by Monroe Phillips, and the other on the Cameron farm near the Corners. In the year 1881 a church was built, known as the Town Line church. Before this, services were held in the schoolhouse. The church was closed several years ago.

145 Earlv., Automoheelin'

OlvIE of the earliest car owners in Hannibal were Blaine S Welling who owned a four-cylinder 1908 Ford equipped with oil lamps, Julius Rhoades and Archibald Guthrie who both sported snappy five-passenger $1250 two-cylinder 22- horsepower 1909 models, and Leon Porter who drove a 1910 Hupmobile. Charles A. Cox, father of John, Robert and Allen, piloted a Stanley steamer which ran by generated steam. One time when he was driving the car in the village square the water glass broke and threw Ray Engle, Rockwell Powers, Frank Clute and Mr. Cox out of the car \Vhen it blew up. Fred Jerrett, our local hotel keeper at that time, drove a 1910 Model T Ford which was the first year that this type of car came out. Some other early car owners were James B. Burt, Clarence Umbeck, who drove an early Pullman car, James Chamberlain, Grant Wilson, Frank Sturge and Samuel Pettigrue who had Dodges and Harvey Matson who owned an E.M.F. (Everts­ Metzer-Flanders), a car taken over by Studebaker later on. Harry Powers drove a 1916 Hupmobile on his mail route. There were probably others, but the writer can't seem to recall all the early owners. A few of the earlier makes were two-cylinder models which cranked on the side. Acetylene lights replaced oil lamps around 1910 and butane gas replaced acetylene later on. There were no tops on some cars and engine troubles were numerous on all makes and service hard to get, both labor and parts. Drivers wore long linen dusters, goggles and gauntlets. The women tied their hats on as the terrific speed of 12-15 miles per hour, sometimes attained under favorable motoring conditions, really tore things loose. One of the most frightening things that could happen to a person driving a horse was meeting an automobile on the open highway. Many accidents took place as scared snorting equines would rear on their haunches, jump. plunge and often run away, upsetting the wagon and occupants and causing bodily injury and damage to the drivers. As the roads were practically all dirt, there were great barrages of dust laid down, the likes of which have never been seen or equalled in our day. The highways °"1 ere full of all sorts of nails, screws and sharp pieces of metal which caused no end of tire trouble. Indeed it was a very fortunate party of tourists who covered a ten-mile trip with only a minimum of 20 flat 146 tires caused by punctures and blowouts. There were areas of blue where words not used in Sunday school were heard, due to engine, tire, lights, steering, brake, clutch, transmission and what have you troubles. A common sight almost anywhere a car was seen was an utterly unrecognizable person covered from head to foot with dirt, grease and grime, trying to find out what caused the un­ ceremonious stopping of his car. Probably such abject crea­ tures of misery will never again be seen in this world as were those whose cars had quit in far away places-at least 7½ miles from home-with rain falling in maddening quantities. If a Ford failed to run properly or failed to start, the follow­ ing parts were checked as possible sources of trouble: Spark plugs, coils, valves, commutator and roller, wiring, magneto plug, timing, carburetor, choke, water in the gas line and about 20 other things in the early cars. On cold mornings a tea kettle of boiling \Vater was always simmering on the wood-burning kitchen range. This was poured on the man ifold and car­ buretor to warm her up. In stubborn cases, one would crank, someone would run the starter (on the later models) and with the hind wheel jacked up, the car would generally start after considerable coaxing and expenditure of energy. At one time there were as many as 65 different makes of cars on the market, now 15 or 20 vvould cover them all. A few of the older ones were Stanley Steamer, whose motive power was steam generated by the car itself, the Metz which had seven speeds ahead, though at times it didn't seem as though that was enough to propel the car forward. Then there was the Max­ well, Oakland 6, Stearns-Knight, Winton 6, National, Mitchell, Willys-Knight, Reo, Hupmobile, Saxon Six and Pullman. Some makes that weathered the storm are Ford, Buick, Studebaker, Cadillac, Packard, Oldsmobile and Chevrolet. Automobiles of today are a far cry from their predecessors of yesterday as regards service, riding qualities and general all around utility. 1901 Costly Automobile Trip W. H. Moore, of Watertown, has lost a suit in Saratoga county which involved the question of an automobile's right in the highway. Mr. Moore and his son, Louis, took a trip in their automobile last Fall and in passing through the village of Balston a doctor's horse was scared by the automobile and ran away. The doctor sued Mr. Moore, who sought to establish the right of automobiles to the use of the highway, but the jury applied to the automobile the law requiring the owner of a steam propelled vehicle to send a man one-eighth of a mile ahead to warn approaching drivers, and Mr. Moore had to pay $200.-February 14, 1901.

147 Han11ihal Town Hall

HIS three-story building which occupied the entire corner T where Umbeck's gas station now stands was built by Hall and Archer. It was a very large structure with the third floor being occupied by the Masons. There were several stores, in­ cluding a barber shop, and they all faced the north. Dr. D. F. Acker had an office there, Chauncey Fetterly kept a notions store, and Brewster's Silver Band met for practice in the base­ ment. The upper floors \Vere reached by wide stairs and a porch

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pl'ht• Old '1'0"·11 Hnll nN It n1•1•t•nrecl looking weNt fro111 Fulton Street. PreMhy­ teri:111 ('hurd1 In the bnckgrouncl. 148 which faced the east. There was a wonderful floor which was used for roller skating. A special exhibition was held at least once a week with skating about four times a week. Will Cowles's wife was a top notch skater, employing grace and finesse seldom seen on a rink floor. Belle Smith of Sterling was also an excellent skater. People came from a large area to enjoy the skating. Fire destroyed the entire west side of the town from the former John Cox store down to and including the town hall. This is believed to have occurred on the night of July 3, 1873.

149 Brewster's Silver Band

NE of the greatest bands in the country was Brewster's 0 Silver Band. It was named after \V adsworth J. Brewster, who did much toward forming it, furnishing the caps for it and building a bandstand in the middle of the square. l\Jirs. Alice Chamberlain's father was leader and teacher. He was able to play any musical instrument known and also had bands at Cato, Meridian and Fair Haven. There were 16 regular mem­ bers in all and Grant Wilson is the only member living. The members were: William Kent, tuba; Bert Brower, B flat cornet; William Broderick, clarinet; Gilman Davis, B bass horn (tuba), also Henry Hunt; Frank Wilson, first alto horn; William Cowles, bass drummer, also James Havens; Edward McDonald, baritone horn; Grant Wilson, first tenor trombone; Warsop, second tenor trombone; Frank Byrne, snare drummer, also Mr. Whitman and Aaron Collins; L. Verona Dada, E fiat cornet; Charles Van Auken, solo alto; Silas Follett, first alto; Charles C. Sturge, cornet; William Hunt, second alto; Andrew Byrnes, E flat cornet; Henry Stearns, drum major. Others who played at times were Joseph Wallace, E flat cor­ net, and another, Henry Hunt, cornet. These men and Henry Stearns were from Oswego. Alva Lund from Hannibal also played. Charles Van Auken was Melzar Van Auken's uncle and Silas Follett was Floyd Follett's father. Such an excellent band was invited to play for many func­ tions in Fulton, Oswego, Syracuse and in nearby towns. To transport the band a beautiful band wagon was painted and decorated by Edward McDonald of Hannibal, who was an artist in such work. There were seats for all the players and their musical equipment with the big bass drum being carried in a special rack on the back of the wagon. Band Tournament at Hannibal in the Gay Nineties The band tournament Thursday night was a grand success, about 1,500 people being present. The bands arrived in the following order: Port Byron was the first to enter the village, and, after playing a fine piece of music, was escorted to the Brewster Silver Band room over Cooper's drug store. Next came the Meridian band, which unloaded on Cayuga street and marched down under escort to the band room in fine order, discoursing very fine music. Then came the Lysander band up Fulton street playing most delightfully, pleasing the people very much. Following came the South Hannibal band down Auburn street, 150 dealing out lively strains of harmony, followed by the Hannibal Cen­ ter band which filled the air with melody. After a short session of congratulations by the bands in the room, the Port Byron band took possession of the stand discoursing fine music, the other bands occupy­ ing it in succession, each playing three or four selections in good style. It is sufficient to say that each band performed their parts well and their music was superb. The B. S. B. concluded the playing in the stand and their music was of their usual excellent style. The stores were eloquently decorated with Chinese lanterns and made a beauti­ ful appearance. The tournament was superior in music to last year. In fact the whole display was finer, and everybody was in excellent spirits up to the close of the entertainment at midnight-From an old Hannibaj newspaper.

151 Hannibal July Fourths

ULY the Fourth, our Independence Day, is nationally ob­ J served, but the present generation misses a very importan1 part of the celebration, namely, the fireworks which are now banned by law. It is true that there were some children killed or hurt, but there was really no need for this as most of these accidents were caused by carelessness. In the days of fire­ war ks every child looked forward for weeks to the gloriouE Fourth. Firecrackers could be secured as easily as candy and ice cream are today. There were pinwheels to be fastened on posts or trees. When lighted these would spin round and round, emitting sparks and fire in the night. There were Roman candles and sky rockets that belched forth balls of fire and sparks high into the air. Red, green and white lights were burned on the sidewalks at night, and all sizes of firecrackers could be obtained. Some of the larger firecrackers sold at two for a quarter even ,vhen prices were cheap. They were about 15 inches long and when set off down in the village square, the explosion would seem to rock the town. For a number of years on every Fourth of July morning, Charles Youngs would touch off a small iron cannon which had been well loaded with black powder. If anyone was yet asleep, he soon awakened when this terrific blast rent the air. Walter Youngs still has this famous Hannibal cannon of his father's in his possession. What boy hasn't put firecrackers in tin cans to see how high in the air they would go, or dropped a firecracker beside or in back of someone to see him jump a mile or two in the air. Yes, they would explode in the water down at the creek, too, as countless experiments proved. Ball games, band concerts, parades and fireworks made the Fourth of July a day never to be forgotten by those fortunate enough to participate in them. The "safe and sane" Fourth has taken the place of the old-fashioned one. Today on the glorious Fourth hundreds of people are killed or maimed in automobile accidents all over the country and only a few killed by fire­ works viewed at a distance. Fourth of July in Hannibal in 1870 The celebration of Independence Day in Hannibal yesterday was all that could have been expected considering that nearly every hamlet in this section of the country had its home celebration. There were probably from 1,000 to 1,500 people here to enjoy the sports and amuse- 152 ments of the day. Everything passed off nicely, only that curse to all public celebrations, intoxicating liquor, was evidenced by the appear­ ance of several men in full fighting trim in the streets and with an occasional knockdown, which was not put to an end until Deputy Sheriff Meeker appeared upon the scene of the drunken frolic. The Brewster Silver Band furnished the music for the day which was well received, and the band pavilion was thronged all through the after­ noon and evening. The fireworks were much better than last year. The fusileer regiment was not as extensive as was expected, but they occasioned much n1erriment among Young America. The festivi­ ties of the day closed with a ball in Union Hall, which was one of the best and most orderly of any that has occurred here for many years. Other than the liquor disturbance, which was confined in one locality, the day passed very pleasantly and satisfactorily to all.-From the Hannibal Reveille. Fourth of July Festival, 1882 The ladies of the Presbyterian church of Hannibal, will hold a Straw­ berry and Ice-cream Festival in Union Hall, Tuesday afternoon and eve'n, July 4th, 1882. Supper ,Nill be served to those wishing it at 6 o'clock. Ice-cream, Strav.,rberries, Lemonade, Cold Meats, Biscuits, Cake, Confectioner.Y and bouquets will constitute the bill of fare, which will be sold at reasonable rates. Music, cheery words, pleasant smiles and polite attention gratuitous. Ample provision will be made for a large attendance. A cordial invitation is extended to all. A pleasant time is antici­ pated. Hannibal Fourth of July Program, 1913 Music by Terpening's Concert Band of Ira. Ball game at 10 :30 a. m. The parade will start at 1 o'clock p. m., consisting of autos, floats, and fusileers. Sports on ball grounds at 3 o'clock p. m. Ball game at 4 o'clock p. m.-All Oswego vs. All Stars of Fulton. These teams were secured at a large expense. Band concert and open-air moving picture exhibition at 8 o'clock p. m. All entries for sports must be made to the following committee be­ fore 11 o'clock a. m.: Revs. Matzen, Dunning and Brown. Prizes donat­ ed by Hannibal merchants. SPORTS Three-legged race. Prizes: Shirt, given by L. E. Porter, and whip, given by R. A. Bradt. Wheelbarrow race. Prize: Halter, given by Farnham & Lockwood. Rooster race. Prize: Straw hat, given by J. B. Burt. Greased pole. Prize: Two-dollar bill on top of pole, given by Harry Van Schaack. Running high jump. Prize: Jacknife, given by J. & P. McFarland. Woman's 100 yard dash. Prize: Box of chocolate, given by W. C. Matteson. Hop, step and jump. Prize: Jardenier stand, given by I. E. Marsh. Running broad jump. Prize: Scarf pin, given by F. C. Hammond. Stilt race, (stilts two feet high.) Prize: Baseball mask, given by M. H. Minar. Obstacle race. Prize: Fruit dish, given by R. Day & Co.

153 ,'! . 1.

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URING the summer vacation when the hot, muggy days of D July and the dog days of August arrived, a well loved sentence was often heard in the village. It was "Let's go swim­ min'." A large gang would gather instantly and off they would go. Clothes would begin to come off before the swimmin' hole was reached. The last one in was, of course, a "rotten egg." If anyone did not know how to swim, he quickly learned because he was usually thrown into \Vater over his head and told to swim. Why some didn't drown is more than I can figure out. No thought was ever given to snakes, sharp stones or sticks, bloodsuckers, S\.Vimming suits or drowning. It was great fun after haying and hoeing to go down swimming, to dive, float, take "belly splashers," to hold the nose and duck, and, of course, splash each other with cold water while getting ready to make the initial entry. A feat striven for by many was to swim from Guthrie's to Haskins's bridge, a distance of perhaps three-eighths of a mile. Boys who were usually seen going to, coming from, or at the hole vvere the Engles-Coe, Ray, Karl and Neil, the Wheelers-Harold, Roland and Leon, Stewart Guthrie, Reginald Knapp, Stanley Burt, George Minar, Wayne and Abner Jackson, Francis Green, Willis I(enyon and Gordon Sturge. The pay-off came when one started to don his clothes. The ole swimmin' hole had a yellow clay bottom which was very sticky. When a fellow was nicely started dressing, quite often someone would "sock" a big handful of splattery clay on him. This called for a re-entry into the water which sometimes had to be repeated several times.

155 Churches

Regarding Organization of Religious Society in Hannibal (Recorded in the Clerk's Office of Oswego County August 4th. 1825, in Book A of Miscellaneous Records, Page 119) Hiram Hubbell, Clerk TATE OF NEW YORK Oswego County S On the 30th day of July in the year of our Lord 1825 came be­ fore me Job C. Conger and Cephas S. Kent the within presiding of­ ficers who acknowledge that they executed the within for the uses and purposes there in mentioned therefore let it be recorded. Arden Allen, Com. To take the acknowledgements of Deeds VC. This may certify that on the thirtieth day of June one thousand eight hundred and twenty five the Congregational Church and a number of the other inhabitants of the town of Hannibal met at their usual place of public worship agreeable to legal notice and after the meeting was duly organized passed a resolution to establish a religious Society by the name of the Congregational Society of Hannibal and the following persons were chosen trustees by a majority of votes, to wit- Bela Scott, Abram Watson, first class; Job C. Conger, Waters Tows­ ley, second class; John Bullen, Arvin Rice, third class; Job. C. Conger, Cephas S. Kent, (presiding officers) were unanimously chosen Trustees. A list of Names of those who desire to become members of the Con­ gregational Society of Hannibal: June 12, 1826--Arvin Rice, Cephas Kent, Abram Watson, Job C. Con­ ger (left society 1831), Bela Scott, Arden Allen, Isaac Sikes. Nov. 17-Alexander M. Kent, Trumble Kent, Samuel Aikin, Heman Rice, Amos F. Kent, William Hawks, Alonzo Vanalstine. Nov. 18-Zenas Havens, James D. Curtis (left society in 1831). Dec. 11-William Stevenson, Nathan Janes, Waters Towsley, James W. Jones, Bazaleel Worster. April 8, 1828-Davis Lyon. Sept. 19-Oliver Eastman, Zedekiah Haven, Almon Peck. June 22, 1832-William Bullen. June 20, 1838-J. P. Storms. July 26, 1843-Asa Watson, John Watson, Amos F. Kent, Silas W. Brewster. A list of names of those who purchased Seats in the Congregational Society Hannibal Nov. 20, 1826: Seat No. Bidder Sum Sold for 1 Simean B. Willard, Oliver Eastman ------$ 25.00 21 Arden Allen ------______41.00 2 Job C. Conger ------70.00 43 Alexander M. Kent ------66.00 6 Arvin Rice ______------~------70.00 10 Waters Towsley, Alford Foster ______------51.50 5 John Bullen ------45.50 13 James W. Jones, John Scott, William H. Cooper ______26.50 12 William Dunton, Clark Corban ------25.50 156 9 Sidney Stocking, Servilius Stocking, James M. Watson, Jackson Lane ------45.50 32 Alexander M. Kent ------29. 00 33 Samuel Aiken, Alonzo Vanalstine ------29.50 7 Trumble Kent __ ------57. 00 8 Trumble Kent ______·------40.00 11 Alexander M. Kent ------38.00 4 John Bullen Jun (Jr.), J. R. Nickols, Alfred Bullen, T. W. Nickols, John Hall ------50.00 35 Isaac Kinney, Isaiah Andrews, Abner Lomice, Cephas Weed, Abel Prouty Jun ______------3 5. 00 36 Heman Rice ___ ------36.50 37 Martin Wiltse, James C. Wiltse, West Wiltse, David De- mott, Harlow Frost, Henry Wiltse Jun, Cornelius W i 1tse ______.. ______34. 50 42 Abram Watson, Zen as Haven ______40. 00 41 Abram Watson, James D. Curtis, Julius Colton ______39.00 23 Cephas S. Kent, Amos F. Kent ------39.00 18 David Bullen, Jason Peck ------___ 50.00 14 Martinius Schoonmaker, John Schoonmaker, Ezra Lane, Dudley Lane ------· ______34.00 15 Alexander M. Kent ------38. 00 16 A. M. Kent ------______41. 00 17 A. M. Kent ______------______44. 00 31 A. M. Kent ______------3 6. 00 3 0 A. M. Kent ------3 8. 00 2 9 A. M. Kent ______------41. 00 22 A. M. Kent ______------4 7. 50 24 A. M. Kent ------5 7. 00 44 Gad Daniels, Daniel Robinson ------23.00 34 Amos Mason, Nathan Janes, David B. Metcalf ______33.50 31 Leman Bunnel, Smith Lockwood, Alpha Lomice ______28.00 40X John Bullen Jun, Hudson Bacon, Calvin Sweet, George S. Tilford, John Dodge, Samuel Sanders, Silas Green Jun, Moses Farnham, Roswell Lane, John R. Shaft, Joseph More, James Bairdsley, Nathaniel Bunnel ____ 65.00 39X Truman Shumway, Daniel Thomas, Israel Hodge, David Burch, Jonas H. Titus, Philetus Sprague ______65.00 39 Jeremiah Woodman, Richard Carman, Harlow Frost, Horace R. Green, Gustavus A. Brown, Moses Farn­ ham Jun, Norman Hubbard, Oliver Gustine, Peter Bacon, Jared Knowlton, Alonzo D. C. Knowlton, Jessey Owen, Asa Baily, Allen Johnson ------186.50 38 A. M. Kent ------60.00 28 A. M. Kent ______------_------50. 00 2 7 A. lVL Kent ------· ------50. 00 19 A. M. Kent ______------6 0. 00 20 A. M. Kent ______------53. 00 26 A. M. Kent -----· ______------60.00 25 A. M. Kent ______------5 5. 00 32 Clark Corban ______.------20.00 38 Ebenezar Perkins, Job Perkins, Ebenezar Toping, David Perkins, Chancellor Sanders, Justin Eastman 40.00 11 Asa Dudley, Lyman Dudley ------31.50 22 James Stevenson, Wm. Stevenson, Truman Burroughs, Elijah Drury, Wm. Burroughs ______------39.00 30 Bela Scott, J. W. Stevenson, Wm. Earl, Elijah Cleve- land -... ------33. 00 15 Isaac Sikes _____ ·------33. 00 January I, 1827, Sale 48 Reed Baker, Samuel M. Patchen, Moses Farnham, Peter 157 Powell, Rev. Joseph More, Joseph Carter, Smith Bailey, Moses Farnham Jun ------40. 00 29 Bazaleel Worster, Abram Watson, Eben Curtis, Alpheus Curtis ______------______40. 00 16 John Bullen Jun ------40. 00 April 8, 1828 39 Davis Lyon, Silas Conger, Abner Holister, Augustus F. Ferris ______1______------______48. 00 May, 1828 19 Arvin Rice ______------______. ______50. 00 November, 1828 24 Bela Scott _ 43.00 THE CHURCH AND SOCIETY Compiled by E. W. Rice (1916) I. Organization One hundred and twenty years ago the town of Hannibal was still a part of the great primeval wilderness of Western New York. The British Red-coats had but recently evacuated the fortifications at Oswego (July 15, 1796) and no white man had yet settled in Oswego county west of the river. Not many years passed, however, before this region was invaded by the woodsman and husbandman and following close on the heels of civilization, came the church. The material for the following sketch is drawn, for the most part, from the church records. These have been faithfully kept from the beginning but by no means with that attention to de­ tail which we could wish. On many interesting points we seek information in vain, and certainty of statement is impossible. Still the main outlines of the history can be clearly traced. On the fourth of December, 1816, a meeting ,vas held for the purpose of organizing a Presbyterian church in the town of Hannibal. There were present at this meeting the Rev. David R. Dixon of Mexico and the Rev. Henry Smith, Missionary of the Oneida Female J\,lissionary Society. The church was duly organized with the following members: Alexander Kent, Trumbel Kent, Cephas Kent, Bazeleel Worster, William Grant, Phoebe Fellows, Laura Kent, Polly Rice, Betsey Worster, Betsey Curtis, Marilla Stevenson. The sermon on this occa­ sion was preached by the Rev. Mr. Smith, from the text, Matt. 25:1-12. The same day one adult, Marilla Stevenson, was bap­ tized and also four children of Bazeleel Worster and one of Trumbel Kent. A confession of faith was adopted but never placed on record as the following minutes adopted later amply explains: "Whereas, The Presbytery of Onondaga has sent down to the several churches under their care a confession of faith and 158 covenant, the church has been of the opinion that it was not necessary to insert the confession of faith and covenant first adopted by the church in the book of records and have thought proper to adopt the one provided by the Presbytery." At this meeting Cephas I(ent was chosen deacon, and Alex­ ander M. Kent, clerk. No mention is made of other officers for some time. In January, 1817, "the church met according to previous notice in the schoolhouse" and voted "that this church make application to unite with the Presbytery of Onondaga." Other members were received and one dismissed by letter about this time. August 28, 1818, Bela Scott and Arvin Rice were elected elders though there is no account of their ordination. Finally on the 10th of May, 1820, the church voted "to apply to Presbytery to have leave to adopt the Congregational mode of church government." This matter does not seem to have been prosecuted very vigorously, as we read again January, 1822, "voted that Cephas S. Kent attend the next session of Presbytery and apply for leave to govern the church in the Congregational form." "February 20, 1822, voted that having obtained leave of Presbytery to administer discipline in future according to the form of Congregational churches ... Job. C. Conger, be deacon." In spite of this action the church still remained in connection with Presbytery, sent delegates to its meetings, and submitted minutes to its approval. This was in accordance ,vith the Plan of Union between Congregational and Presbyterian churches adopted in 1801. On July 16, 1824, Rev. John Alexander and Alexander M. Kent were chosen a committee to draft a petition to the Pres­ bytery of Onondaga to dismiss this church from their body with liberty to unite with the Presbytery of Oswego. This Presbytery was organized in 1823. This is the first mention of a minister as presiding over the church, and it is probable that the Rev. John Alexander was our first minister and that he came in the year 1824 and re­ mained about a year. Up to this time there is no mention of the church having met elsewhere than in a schoolhouse. This schoolhouse \Vas situated across the street from the present church and somewhat nearer the village square. During this period, however, it was customary for the congregation to gather every Sunday. Sometimes a wandering missionary or preacher would be present and preach. But in case no regular minister could be secured services went on in the following manner: Alexander M. Kent (commonly called "Milton") would lead the singing, Cephas S. Kent (otherwise "Deacon Kent") 159 would offer prayer, and Captain John Bullen, the storekeeper, a good reader, would read a sermon. From 1825 to 1827 they seem to have been ministered to regu­ larly by the Rev. William Clark, though it cannot be known whether or not he resided in Hannibal. Very probably under his leadership the next important step was taken which was the erection of a house of worship. II. The First Building On June 30, 1825, a number of persons met at the schoolhouse in District No. 3, Hannibal, agreeable to previous notice, for the purpose of forming a religious society, whereupon it was resolved to form a society by the name of the Congregational Society of Hannibal. Six trustees \Vere chosen and the trustees elected a treasurer, a collector and a clerk. Trustees were Bela Scott, Abram Watson, first class; J. C. Conger, W. Towsley, second class; J. Bullen, Arvin Rice, third class. The presiding officers \Vere Job C. Conger and Cephas S. Kent. This trans­ action constitutes the incorporation of the church which had thus remained unincorporated for eight years and a half from the time of its organization. The certificate of incorporation may be found in the County Clerk's office at Oswego, Book A, Misc. Records, page 119. The immediate reason for this action was, undoubtedly, that the Society might acquire property and build a house of vvor­ ship. The first property secured was the older part of the present cemetery, which was surveyed for the trustees of this church l\ilay 3, 1826, by Peter Schenk. There are two sets of books containing church records. The first set being the rec­ ords of the religious organization, and cover the entire period from December 4, 1816, to the present time. The second set being the records of the incorporated body and cover the period from June 30, 1825, to the present time. There is no specific mention made in either book of the erec­ tion of the first church building or of the conditions upon vvhich its upper story was used by the Masonic Fraternity. But it is evident from the indirect testimony of both books of records that the timber vvas cut during the winter of 1825-26 and that the construction was completed during the summer or fall of 1826. It was a frame building and cost about two thousand dollars. On December 11, 1826, the Society gathered in the "Meeting-house" to transact its business, and among other things approved "the doings of the trustees so far as they have acted in selling the seats of the Meeting-house." In the Presbyterian church records is the original copy of the incorporation of the "Congregational Society of Hannibal" which was filed in the Oswego County Clerk's office August 4, 1825, Hiram Hubbell, County Clerk. Those who signed the application include Bela Scott, Abram Watson, Job C. Conger, 160 Waters Towsley, John Bullen and Arvin Rice. Cephas S. Kent and Job C. Conger were the presiding officers. The records show that William Bullen was a member of the Congregational Society June 22, 1832; William Bullen was dismissed or died August 15, 1831. Julia Bullen was dismissed August 16, 1831. John Bullen under date of April 28, 1828, owned lot No. 67 in the Hannibal cemetery. John Bullen was chosen a trustee on June 30, 1825. William Bullen was a trustee under date of June 22, 1832. John Bullen under date of November 20, 1826, purchased seat No. 5 in the "meeting house" for $45.50; seat No. 4 at $50.00 went to John Bullen, Jr.; No. 18 to David Bullen at $50.00; No. 40 to John Bullen Jr., for $65.00; No. 31 to Smith Lockwood, grandfather of the late S. R. Lockwood, for $28.00. This building stood nearly on the site now occupied by the Manse, facing the east, with its broad side tovvard the street. It was a two-story structure. The upper room was occupied by the Masons and was reached by an outside stairway on the western end. At a meeting of the Congregational Society of Hannibal to­ gether with the Subscribers for the House of Worship lately built in said Town, Holden at said House the 14th of Nov. Inst. pursuant to public notice: It \Vas resolved among other resolutions: That the Trustees of said Society be and they are hereby authorized and in­ structed forthwith or as soon as may to release and quit claim all the Right Title Interest and claim which the said Society have now or may have in and to the upper Story of said House unto the Master Wardens and Brethren of Hannibal Lodge No 419 and to their successors in office forever. The title to the land on which the church was built was con­ firmed by deed dated July 30, 1,832. III. Membership, Discipline, Etc. Number of members in 1835-124 Number of members in 1865-66-127 Number of members in 1914-163 The dates above given represent three peaks in church mem­ bership. The first peak, that of 1835, was due to faithful labor aided in large measure by the natural growth in population of the community coupled with the fact that during a portion of the time there was no other organized religious body conduct­ ing services in the village. The second peak in membership, 1865-66, followed the Earl revival meetings, and when we con­ sider that other religious bodies participated in and shared the benefits of this revival, we may look upon this period as one of considerable prosperity. The third peak, April 1, 1914, oc­ curred soon after the Crabill meetings of the summer of 1913. These meetings were also a union effort on the part of the churches of Hannibal, and may well be looked upon by the 161 present generation as having awakened the most general re­ ligious interest in this community of which we have personal knowledge. In connection with the large membership of 1835 we also note that in 1839 there were only six seats left unsold in the meeting-house. From 1835 to 1850, however, the membership constantly dwindled until there were but 85 names on the roll. This de­ cline was very largely due to removals to the West. Whole families were dismissed together, as many as nine letters being granted at one meeting. Some of these letters refer to specific places, as Detroit or Rochester, others are more general as "to Ohio" or "to the far West." Among those dismissed are a number who were prominent in the early history of the church, and ,vhose loss must have been severely felt. At the same time, this seems to have been a period of much activity, new mem­ bers being added at almost every communion and many chil­ dren being presented for baptism. l\Iany cases requiring discipline were also brought before the church and vigorously prosecuted. The grounds of some of these trials were the denial of "the union of the Divine and the human in the person of Jesus Christ," of the "future endless punishment of the wicked" and the assertion that Revelation and Apostolic gifts of healing and tongues had not ceased, and objection to the use of creeds, coupled with the assertion that the church "has the mark of the beast." We feel constrained to notice at this point the recorded atti­ tude of the church on certain questions of moral reform, as found in the minutes. "January 5, 1838. Resolved, that in view of the great evils produced by the use of ardent spirits, we consider the traffic in them immoral, and that we will not fellowship those that engage in that business." "March 25, 1843. Resolved, that the institution of slavery is an evil of the greatest magnitude, alike cruel, unjust and op­ pressive to the slave and detrimental to the master, conducive of unmixed evil to the country and an abominable sin against ·God, and as such ought speedily to be abolished, and that as Christians we can in no way countenance or uphold it, but deem it our duty in all suitable way to exert our influence, and use our endeavors to put an end to it in the land. Resolved that the foregoing ... resolution be published in the New York Observer and Evangelist." November 30, 1912, Sessional Records: "It v1as moved and carried that the Moderator and Clerk be empowered to draft and sign resolutions favoring the passing of Federal laws for­ bidding the transportation of intoxicating liquor into com­ munities where the sale thereof is forbidden and also favoring an amendment to the Federal Constitution giving the Federal Government such authority over marriage laws as· will make 162 possible reforms in the divorce evil, and the evil of polygamy, and that such resolutions be sent to our Representative in Con­ gress, L. W. Mott." "October 3, 1915. Resolved, that a committee of three be appointed from the session and trustees of this church to confer with the sister churches of the village, to investigate and deter­ mine as to what extent we can unite our forces for the more efficient upbuilding of the cause of Christ in our community." Our church being located in the extren1e northwestern cor­ ner of Presbytery it has not been deemed expedient to hold many Presbyterial meetings here. But we have had the honor and privilege of entertaining the annual stated meeting of Presbytery on two occasions, namely on January 24, 1844, and on April 9, 1907. Our church has been honored on three occasions by having its pastor sent as Commissioner to the General Assembly, namely Rev. F. D. Sevvard, 1875, Rev. S. E. Koon, 1887, and Rev. W. A. McKenzie, D.D., 1910. But during the 100 years of its history we find no record of Presbytery ever having appointed one of our elders as Commissioner to the General Assembly. IV. The Second Building October 28, 1859. At a meeting of the Society, Rev. P. W. Emens was called to the chair. It was moved to refit the old house. Two voted affirmatively and about 16 negatively. A motion to build new was carried unanimously and that it be a tasteful wooden house 40x60 feet. At an adjourned meeting a building committee was appointed to prepare plans and esti­ mate the cost. The plan submitted by this committee ,vas sub­ stantially that which was adopted. The estimate of the committee was $3,000. The actual cost was about $4,000. May 5, 1.862. Voted that this Society give, free of cost, to Mr. S. W. Brewster and B. N. Hinman, the old church building and its stone foundation if they will move it off the ground, fit it for a public hall and obligate themselves to keep it for that pur­ pose. This proposition does not seem to have been accepted. The building was, however, purchased by Norman Titus, moved toward the village square and placed on a site about vvhere Umbeck's garage now stands. It ,:vas used for a public hall for a number of years, and was finally consumed in the fire of July 3, 1873. The new house of worship was dedicated January 3, 1861. A sermon was preached by the Rev. Mr. Ludlow of Oswego. January 12 of the same year New Articles of Belief and a New Covenant were adopted. December 4, 1866, the Semi-Centennial of the church was observed but no account is given of the exercises. 163 V. Re-organization At a meeting of the church July 20, 1870, a committee which had been previously appointed, presented the following report, which was accepted: Resolved 1st. That we dissolve the Congregational Church. 2nd. That we organize a Presbyterian Church. 3rd. This church shall be called the Presbyterian Church of Hannibal, and When organized, the Congregational Church shall be dissolved. At an adjourned meeting held July 25 the Rev. J. R. Town­ send of Mexico and the Rev. J. A. Worden (afterward Secretary of the Board of Sabbath School Work) and Elder Gilbert Molli­ son of Os,vego were present as a committee from Presbytery and organized 19 persons into the Presbyterian Church of Hannibal. I. E. Hull and Eliab Scott were elected elders for two years and Horatio Dunham and S. W. Brewster for one year. After which the Congregational Church ,vas declared dissolved. By November 13, there were 65 names on the roll. Considerable dissatisfaction was manifested by members of the Congregational Church with the methods adopted in re­ organization. Accordingly we find a motion adopted by the session May 21, 1873, acknowledging error on the part of the church and inviting all members of the former body to join the Presbyterian church on the same terms as those who brought letters from sister organizations. This overture resulted in a considerable accession to the membership. At the close of this year as nearly as can be estimated from the roll, the church had about 80 members. At a meeting of the church held September 5, 1874, the fol­ lowing resolution was adopted \vith the approval of the Pres­ bytery of Syracuse: Resolved, that hereafter persons applying for membership with us on profession of their faith in Christ shall not be required to give assent to any Articles of Faith, but only to give the Session credible evidence of piety and to enter into covenant with Christ and His Church. VI. The Manse, Improvements. December 11, 1874, the Society met to consider the propriety of building a "parsonage." A committee was appointed to sub­ mit plans and estin1ates. January 21, 1875, final arrangements were made for building. The Manse was completed the same year at a cost of about $2,000. In 1889 it was further improved by a tin roof. A new well was drilled on the ·t.vest side of the Manse during the fall of 1909. A new furnace was placed in the cellar of the Manse, 1913. In 1882 a slate roof was put on the church building at an ex­ pense of $276, and in 1886 a corrugated iron ceiling was pro­ vided for the main audience room at a cost of about $300. In 1895 a basement was excavated under the session room and a 164 steam heater was placed in it at an expense of $567. The first boiler was replaced in 1912. The first organ was bought in 1867, at a cost of $325. This was replaced by another of modern construction April 7, 1889, through the personal efforts of Miss Mabel Brewster, a grand­ daughter of S. W. Brewster, deacon and elder. We are now hoping that someone who has been or may become interested in our progress, and who desires to leave about a $1,500 mem­ orial of some kind, will offer the Society a two-manuel pipe organ suitably designed for our needs. A bell bought about the year 1867, having cracked before the guarantee of a year expired, a new and larger bell was placed in the church tower May 27, 1868. At the annual meeting of June 27, 1900, it was reported that during the year a kitchen had been built on the east side of the session room. Extensive repairs and betterments to the church building were proposed at the annual meeting of June 29, 1905, and the trustees directed to formulate plans. At a meeting of the con­ gregation held July 18, 1905, the trustees outlined plans and estimated the cost would amount to $1,600 besides windows, which it was thought likely would be supplied as memorials in addition. These repairs were very successfully carried through and re-opening services held in February, 1906. The cost of the repairs including the windows amounted to about $2,500. Our piano was placed in the church on February 11, 1913, and electric lights were installed in December, 1915. VII. Pastors and Church Officers The first formal statement of the installation of a pastor over the church is in the minutes of 1844, where a meeting of Pres­ bytery on August 13 is said to be for the purpose of ordaining and installing the Rev. John N. Hubbard. Previous to this, however, we find the names of a number of ministers who acted as Moderators of the church and society meetings. As far as a complete list can be made out it is as follows: Rev. John Alexander, 1824. Rev. William Clark, Moderator, 1825-1827. (Here occurs a period of over two years in which the minutes were lost, but a motion dated December 30, 1829, while mentioning the loss, rehearses the most important doings of the church during this period.) Rev. Martin Powell appears as Moderator December 30, 1829. Rev. William P. Ells, l\Ioderator from July 29, 1831, to August 3, 1832. Rev. J. T. Hough is present at the meeting September 27, 1833, but apparently left in December of the same year. Rev. Lemuel Dady, Moderator from March 1, 1835, to the spring of 1840. 165 Rev. Edward Reynolds, Moderator, June 27, 1840; again only December 12, 1840. Rev. John N. Hubbard, Moderator, September 2, 1842 (or­ dained and installed pastor August 13, 1844) until 1853. Rev. H. H. Morgan, Moderator, September 1, 1854, to May, 1855. Rev. E. P. Cook, Moderator, February 2, 1856, to January 4, 1857. Rev. L. Barnard, Moderator, May 29, 185.8, to November, 1858. Rev. P. W. Emens, (mentioned in the Society's book, as acting as chairman October 28, 1859, and November 18, 1859) Moder­ ator, February 20, 1860, (ordained January 3, 1861) to March 3, 1861. Rev. John N. Hubbard (second pastorate) installed June 26, 1861; pastoral relations dissolved November 13, 1867. Rev. E. P. Adams, November 23, 1868, engaged as supply till June 1, 1870. Rev. A. Snashell, May 27, 1871, engaged as supply for one year; re-engaged April 2, 1872; released October 13, 1872. Rev. F. D. Seward, May 14, 1873, ordained and installed pastor; dismissed 1877. Rev. N. B. I(napp, called November 12, 1877; dismissed Jan­ uary 1, 1880. Rev. S. E. Koons, ordained and installed October 5, 1880; dis­ missed May, 1888. Rev. W. C. Brass, November 4, 1888, Stated Supply; "closed his labors" October 30, 1892. Rev. D. A. MacPhie, ordained and installed pastor June 6, 1893; dismissed November 5, 1894. Rev. A. P. Meeker, Ph.D., Stated Supply from June 9, 1895, to June 6, 1896. Rev. R. H. Stearns, Stated Supply, October 1, 1896, to May 25, 1902. Rev. F. W. West, Stated Supply, July 6, 1902, to June 26, 1904. Rev. W. A. McKenzie, D.D., Stated Supply, August 28, 1904, to September 30, 1910. Rev. B. A. l\:1atzen, Stated Supply, October 1, 1911, to August 8, 1915. Rev. W. H. Liggett, Stated Supply, February 1, 1916 .... The church officers were deacons under the Congregational system, elders and deacons under the Presbyterian. The fol­ lowing is a list of these officers as far as can be ascertained from the minutes: Deacons Cephas S. Kent, elected December 4, 1816. (November 29, 1856, for life.) Job C. Conger, elected February 20, 1822. 166 Arvin Rice, elected March 30, 1832; November 29, 1856 (for life). Joseph Rice, time of election unknown. Walker Dady, elected December 7, 1850. H. H. Bronson, elected November 29, 1856. D. E. Johnson, elected November 29, 1856. S. W. Brewster, elected December 25, 1858, for life. Elders Arvin Rice, elected August 28, 1818. Bela Scott, elected August 28, 1818. (No account of ordina- tion and no evidence that any sessional meetings were held.) I. E. Hull, elected July 25, 1870. Eliab Scott, elected July 25, 1870. Horatio Dunham, elected July 25, 1870. S. \V. Brewster, elected July 25, 1870. A. F. Allen, elected September 3, 1870. Jay Watson, elected December 5, 1885. Isaac H. Peckham, elected December 5, 1885. Ernest W. Rice, elected November 10, 1894. R. P. Allen, elected November 10, 1894. J. W. Hawks, elected November 30, 1895. C. C. Closson, elected November 30, 1895. 0. A. Kipp, elected December 4, 1897. G. B. Wilson, elected December 3, 1898. C. A. Cox, elected December 3, 1898. J. W. Hoyt, elected December 9, 1899. F. E. Babcock, elected February 26, 1903. S. R. Lockwood, elected February 26, 1903. Deacons G. B. Wilson, elected November 10, 1894. B. N. Hinman, elected November 10, 1894. C. E. Brinkerhoff, elected November 10, 1894. Clerks of the Church and Session Alexander M. I(ent, 1816-24; Rev. John Alexander, 1824-25; Rev. William Clark, 1825-27; Arvin Rice, 1829-49; H. H. Bron­ son, 1849-54; Jackson Rice, 1854-60; Eli Watson, 1860-70; S. W. Brewster, 1870-81; Rev. S. E. Koons, 1881-88; A. F. Allen, 1888- 89; Rev. W. C. Brass, 1889-92; I. H. Peckham, 1892-93; Rev. D. A. MacPhie, 1893-94; E. W. Rice, 1894-1900; C. A. Cox, 1900 .... Trustees Trustees have been elected regularly every year from the or­ ganization of the Society, for three-year terms, or to fill vacancies. Some having been elected many times as will be noted. The following list gives the year in which election oc­ curred, the date was usually late in June or early in July: 167 Bela Scott, 1825-30-36-41-46; Abram Watson, 1825; Job C. Conger, 1825-30; Waters Towsley, 1825; John Bullen, 1825; Ar­ vin Rice, 1825-29-33-42; Cephas Kent, 1826-31-35-48; Arden Allen, 1826; Alexander M. Kent, 1827-31; Zenas Haven, 1827-32; Isaac Sykes, 1828-32; Trumbel Kent, 1828; Heman Rice, 1828; James Curtis, 1829; William Bullen, 1832-33; Alfred Cary, 1834. William Stevenson, 1834; George Bennett, 1835; Joseph Rice, 1836-39; C. D. Johnson, 1836; Jackson Rice, 1837-48; S. W. Brew­ ster, 1837-51-54-60-65; Alexander Mclnroy, 1838; Robert M. Rogers, 1838-52-63; John P. Storms, 1839-45-51-58; Ahira Kent, 1840-46; John Watson, 1840-45-53-58-64-69-72; David P. Thomas, 1841; H. H. Bronson, 1842-47-50-70; Nathaniel Cary, 1843; Ho­ ratio Dunham, 1843-55-62-67-74; Edmund M. Rice, 1844-47; \Valker Dady, 1844-60; William Stevenson, Jr., 1844; James Mc­ Dougal, 1848; David E. Johnson, 1848; Samuel H. Phelps, 1849; Asa Watson, 1849. Cyrus Hawks, 1850-60; Alfred Rice, 1852-61-66-73-79; Henry H. Acker, 1853; San1uel Guthrie, 1854; Noah Wright, 1855-61-69; Isaac E. Hull, 1856-63-76; Eliab Scott, 1856-65-67-70-73-85-88-91; George Bishop, 1857; Amos Cowles, 1857; C. A. Smith, 1859; Dwight Dunham, 1859; B. N. Hinman, 1.862-65-68; Robert Hall, 1864; Carson Wiltse, 1865-66-69-71-74; A. F. Allen, 1868-71-74; H. J .. Watson, 1872-77-78-81-84; Bradford F. Byrne, 1875-78; James A. Haven, 1875; Powell Jones, 1876-79-82; H. M. Barrett, 1877-80-86-87-90-95-98-1901-04; I. H. Peckham, 1877-80-83-86-89- 92; C. S. Chamberlain, 1881-84-87-90-93-97-1900-03-06-09-12. Samuel Crandell, 1882; J. H. Hoskins, 1883; 0. A. Kipp, 1885- 93-96-99-1902-05-08-11-14; Benjamin N. Hinman, 1886; Arthur Wiltse, 1888-91; David Bothwell, 1889; D. E. Cameron, 1892; G. B. Wilson, 1894-97-1900-03-06-09-12-15; C. A. Cox, 1894; F. V. Nash, 1895-98; Frank Haven, 1896-99-1902-05-08-11-14; George A. Elliott, 1901; Fred Manning, 1904; E. W. Rice, 1905-07-10-13- 16; M. H. Minar, 1907; Theodore P. Ball, 1908-10-13-16; Peter McFarland, 1914-15; Charles Sayre, 1916. VIII. Services. Meetings. Etc. In the first church the Sabbath services were held morning and afternoon with an intermission of about two hours. After a time a Sunday school was held during this interrnission in the church. There must have been gatherings of a similar sort in neighborhoods, as we read, March 31, 1837: "Voted that S. W. Brewster be the Superintendent of Sabbath schools in this place, the former Superintendent having resigned." In the early days a regular business meeting of the church was held every month at which new members were received, and delinquents called up for discipline. Communion was ad­ ministered ordinarily every three months. We read of no general prayer-meetings until within recent years, although doubtless such were held from the first. 168 No mention is found of any contributions for benevolent pur­ poses until September 17,1851, ,vhen Arvin Rice was appointed collector of such funds. In 1857, the offerings for benevolences amounted to $111. 70. Soon after a regular system of monthly collections was adopted.

IX. Present Condition of the Church The church has at present on its roll 150 names. The officers of the church and society are as follows: Rev. W. H. Liggett, Stated Supply. Elders: C. A. Cox, Clerk of Session; R. P. Allen, 0. A. Kipp, G. B. Wilson, F. E. Babcock, S. R. Lockwood. Trustees: 0. A. Kipp, G. B. Wilson, E. W. Rice; Chairman, Theodore P. Ball, Peter McFarland, Charles Sayre. Clerk and Treasurer of the society, F. E. Babcock. The Sunday school consists of nine classes. Superintendent, Peter McFarland; Assistant Superintendent, E. W. Rice; Secre­ tary and Treasurer, L. A. Closson; Librarian, Frances Rice; Chorister, F. E. Babcock; Organist, Mary Ball. A Y. P. S. C. E. was first organized by Rev. S. E. Koons in 1887. It was disbanded and reorganized in 1889. It was a means of great blessing to its members and to the church for many years, but is conducting no meetings at present. A Junior C. E. was organized in June, 1895, which at one time had about 50 members, but this work has also been dis­ continued. The Women's Missionary Society was organized in 1886. Its scope has since been merged and enlarged to include the Ladies' Aid work. Its meetings are held the third Wednesday in each month. President, Mrs. G. B. Wilson; Vice-President, l\llrs. F. E. Bab­ cock; Second Vice-President, Mrs. T. P. Ball; Secretary, Mrs. Charles Sayre; Treasurer, Mrs. Leroy Hawkins; Secretary of Literature, Mrs. Fred Manning. The contributions of the church for benevolences for the year ending March 31, 1915, were as follows and totaled $341.38.

Home Missions _____ ------$ 69.75 Foreign Missions ______98.00 Relief and Sustentation ______48.00 Freedmen ______55.00 Education ______------1.00 College Board ------______1.00 Church Erection _ __ . ______------1.00 Sunday School Work ______34.07 Temperance ______7.00 Miscellaneous (Belgium Relief) ______7.00 General Assembly ______19.56 (End of Rice Account) 169 Pastors Continued *Dates estimated. 1916-18, Rev. W. H. Liggett; *1918-23, Rev. B. V. Bauder; *1924, Dr. C. R. Small; *1925, Rev. Samuel Davis. Bec,ame a Federated Church May 23. 1926 1926-40, Rev. Floyd W. McDermott; 1940-47, Rev. Eugene Mc­ Cahan; 1947-49, R-ev. Willis R. Sanderson. Elders *Present elders and official board, 1949. The following dates are a continuation of those mentioned previously in this account. The numbers after the names repre­ cent the total years of service. *1916-49, Grant Wilson (51); 1916-33, Ernest W. Rice (39); *1934-47, 1948-51, John Crego (succeeded Rice); 1916-36, Robert P. Allen (42); *1936-49, John Cox (succeeded Allen); 1916-34, Charles A. Cox (36); *1934-47, 1948-51, E. Ward Adamy (suc­ ceeded Cox); 1916-22, Otis A. Kipp (25); 1916-40, Fred E. Bab­ cock (37); 1940-44, Ward Barlow (succeeded Babcock); 1944-48, Wilfred Adamy (succeeded Barlow); 1916-40, Stephen R. Lock­ wood (37); 1940-48, Maurice G. Lockwood (succeeded Lock­ wood); *1947-50, Lena A. Cox (succeeded E. Ward Adamy); *1947-50, Mrs. E. J. Fairley (succeeded Crego). Federated Church Trustees The following dates are a continuation of those previously mentioned under trustees in this account: Ernest W. Rice, 1916-34 (29 years service); Theodore P. Ball, 1916-20 (12); Wilfred Adamy, 1920-44 (24); Charles Sayre, 1916- 38 (22); Alonzo H. Wilde, 1917-20; Grant B. Wilson, 1918-36 (39); Peter McFarland, 1918-21; Albert J. Andrews, 1920-25; Fred Manning, 1921-24. *Fred I(ent, 1924-27, 1940-49 (12); l\i1aurice G. Lock\.vood, 1925- 46 (21); Charles A. Cox, 1927-34; John W. Cox, 1934-36; John Crego, 1933-37; Verne Wilde, 1936-42; Robert Cook, 1936-48 (12); Frank Haven, 1937-40; Robert Cox, 1938-47. Harry Darling, 1942-48; Harlow Calkins, 1944-47; *Samuel Cook, 1945-49; *Florence Welling, 1947-50; *Marguerite Fowler, 1947-50; *Roy Darling, 1948-51; *Kenneth Cooper, 1948-51. In 1949 the Presbyterian membership was about 125. There were approximately 140 members in the Sunday school, in­ cluding the teachers. The Baptist m·embership in the federa­ tion (1949) was 90. John Cox was clerk of the session and has served since S. R. Lockwood's death in 1940. Baptist Church Organized (1825) At a meeting of the Congregational Society of Hannibal the following resolution was passed: ------*Prl•sent Trustee:,; (1!14! ➔ ). 170 Resolved, That the Baptist Religious Society in Hannibal be, and they are hereby permitted free of expense to occupy the said House of Worship every other Sabbath or Lord's day until otherwise directed by the Trustees aforesaid. (This must have been before the Baptists started holding regular meetings in their own church). In the month of January or February, 1817, the Baptist church of Sterling was organized, with Mr. and Mrs. Wilmouth, Mrs. Esther Devine, Mary Dumass, John Lake, Sarah Lake, Mrs. Joshua Lake, and Amos and Annie Wiltsie as members. Meetings were held at the different dwellings. There was no stationed pastor, but a missionary frequently preached to the people. There was no regular pastor until what was known as the Sterling and Hannibal church was organized in 1825, with Rev. Mr. Carpenter as pastor. It was subsequently called the Hannibal Baptist church. The first church edifice was erected in the village of Hannibal in 1827, just north of the former resi­ dence of Dr. Rice now owned by Clarence Simpson. The size \vas about thirty-six by forty feet, and the seating capacity about three hundred. It is a frame building, and cost in 1827 two thousand two hundred dollars. About 1865 repairs \Vere made to the amount of about a thousand dollars. The following are some of the former pastors: Rev. Mr. Carpenter, Rev. J. N. Tolman, Rev. lvir. Upfold, Joseph More (who used to preach to them occasionally some ten years before there was a resident pastor), Peter Woodin, Elders Ira Dudley, Caperin, Foot, Gra­ ham, Dudley, Judson Davis, E. B. Law, Eliphalet Owens, Rey­ nolds, McFarland and Charles C. Smith. Reverend Woodbury left here in 1893. A. H. Lund was superintendent and Judson S. Stevenson clerk at one time. Other pastors vvho served were Arthur Watkins, George Learn, Paul Brown, A. C. Hageman, Paul Brown returned for a second time, Rev. Scriber, David Wilmarth, Roy Hodges, G. Albert Plain, Jacob Hahn, Rev. Bancroft, Frank Day and Floyd McDermott. Some of the deacons were Milton H. VanAuken, William Neville, Frederick Wiltse, William Curtis, Edward Welling and Lawrence M. Ecker who was also Sunday school superinten­ dent. Among the pillars of the church were Alfred Strong, Bert Strong, Judson S. Stevenson, Mrs. Roy Welling (a 50-year member), Belle Welling, Maude Ecker and Georgia Thompson. The Baptist choir members were Samuel Pettigrue, Jennie Merrill, Florence Van Auken, Mrs. Sarah Boyd, Alvah Lund, a great singer. Mrs. Alice Chamberlain was organist and Mrs. Ella Stevenson assistant organist. Orville Wiltse was choir leader for years. In 1917 fire was. discovered in the church by Willis Kenyon 171 ;.,. ... =...... ' ..... !'1t: 11.~....~ •'l ..=· =·....' . ,!;~-

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172 and his prompt action in sounding the alarm saved the building from destruction. - On May 23, 1926 it was voted to federate with the Presby­ terian church and it has remained so ever since. There are about ninety members of the Baptist church in the federation today. Present deacons are Daniel Welling, Roy '\"Velling, a fifty year member of the church, Frank Wellington, Hayes Braga, Bernard Welling and Mrs. Daniel Welling.

DEMSTER CAMP MEETINGS As far back as the 1890's camp meetings were held at Dem­ ster Grove and at Hannibal Center. These camp meetings lasted about two weeks. The Methodists were particularly interested in these gatherings for Bible study, sermons and dis­ cussions of various phases of church work. The accompanying picture shows a group of Methodists in front of George New­ man's tent at the camp grounds. When preparations ,vere being made for this long-looked­ forward-to event, all necessary belongings were packed in a big trunk instead of a suitcase. People took their own veget­ ables and home-canned goods. They carried their own bed ticking which was filled with straw at the camp grounds. One big tent usually housed a delegation of young ladies who \Vere under the supervision of a chaperone. It is reported that many of these young ladies lost precious hours of sleep because of considerable talking and giggling during the night. An old iron stove was used in preparing the meals to feed voracious appetites, whetted by outdoor living. The time passed all too swiftly. Soon the happy camp life and the inspirational, educational meetings were over. Every­ one arrived home in various stages of exhaustion, but all agreed that it had been a most enjoyable and worthwhile fort­ night.

HANNIBAL METHODIST CHURCH The history of any society or organization which has been a power for good in the community, becomes interesting to those who have been benefited by its acts and influence. This is especially the case with the church which impresses its work in enduring characters in the lives of those who have felt its beneficent power. Although there was not any regularly incorporated society of the Methodist Episcopal Church in the town of Hannibal until 1839, there were organized classes for a number of years previous to this, and we have reason to believe that as far back as 1816 the settlers holding to this religious belief met together for worship. When the circuits were formed, Hannibal be- 173 longed to what was known as the Granby Circuit. One of the oldest members of the society rem em hers that immediately previous to its organization there was a class in existence at Fairdale and it is thought that this class was one of the factors which entered into the formation of the new society, but, ac­ cording to the official record kept by the church pastors, the class from which, the society was mainly formed was organized in 1835 at a little hamlet called Wiltseville with David Peck­ ham as leader. Although services were held by the circuit preachers at this tin1e, especially Reverend Hiram Matson, there was no regular preaching until 1838 when Reverend John Whitcomb made Hannibal a regular preaching place. On the 26th day of February, 1839, a meeting was called for the pur­ pose of incorporating the Hannibal society. To accomplish this the names of Mr. Peckham's class were transferred to Hannibal. Among the very earliest of advocates for a Methodist Church in Hannibal was David Peckham. In 1835 he organized a class for religious instruction which met in a log house near his home in the northwestern part of the town of Hannibal. In 1839 he vvas instrumental in forming a Methodist Church which was incorporated in the same year. His class joined as charter members in a body and were 20 in number. There were also an equal number who joined but who were not members of this religious group. Mr. Peckham was a loyal helper in building the small brick church, later the classroom of the larger build­ ing which was constructed at the close of the Civil War. He gave freely of his time and money to,vards the completion of the church and was a proud man when it was completed. He died in Hannibal on July 15, 1876. Articles of incorporation were recorded in the County Clerk's office lviarch 13, 1839. The names of some of the trustees and members were as follows: David Peckham, John L. Kipp, Alva Wooster, Nathan Drury, William Nipper, William A. Jacobs and William Williams. The total number of members at the time of incorporation was 25. Reverend John Whitcomb was pastor. The society held its meetings for over two years in a schoolhouse that stood opposite where the Presbyterian Church now stands. In 1840 Reverend Benjamin F. Brown was sent as pastor and remained until 1842. During his pastorate the membership was largely increased by revival meetings held by him, assisted by Reverend Hiram Matson. Soon after this the society purchased a lot where the present church now stands for the purpose of erecting a house of worship. The lot was purchased of Benja­ min Phelps for eighty dollars, half of the purchase price being donated by Mr. Phelps. In 1841 a church edifice costing $1,150 was built. The dedica- 174: tion was a joyous occasion to the people and John L. Kipp com­ posed and recited a poem of which the following is a copy:

We dedicate this house to God, This temple made with hands, And pledge ourselves within its walls To do His just commands. Look down, 0 Lord, upon this act With favor now we pray; And come and dwell in this, Thy house, 0, visit it today. We consecrate this sacred desk, This altar unto Thee, And every seat within this house To everyone is free. But when the sinner shall come in, May he be filled with fear; And feel to say within himself, "I Know that God is here." And when the herald of the cross Shall here Thy word proclaim, May all that they shall say or do Be done in Jesus' name. And may the sinner here repent And find his sins forgiven, In answer to Thy people's prayers That do prevail in Heaven. And may we all be brought at last With the Angelic bands, To sing Thy praise in hymns divine In house not made with hands. From 1841 to 1863 the Methodist Episcopal Church continued to increase and prosper. During that period but very little record was kept and the most we have is a list of the pastors with their terms of service. During the energetic and efficient pastorate of Rev. Harlow Skeel the church became too small to accommodate the con­ gregation, and in 1864 a new edifice was constructed at a cost of about $8,000. The new church was built in front of the old building which was afterwards used for prayer and class meet­ ings. This made the M. E. Church of Hannibal one of the largest and best church buildings in the rural districts at that time. According to a succeeding pastor who made a record of this event, much credit was due to Rev. Harlow Skeel for his indomitable perseverance and tact in the management of this enterprise. In 1876 A. J. Grant, a local preacher, held a series of revival meetings in the Tallman district and another in the Pembers district. Both were successful, resulting in a number of con­ versions. 175 During the early seventies Hannibal Center and South Han­ nibal were formed in a new charge. From 1879 to 1882 Rev. Josiah C. Darling was pastor of this charge. During this time many improvements were made in the church and also on the parsonage which had been erected some years previously. A new organ valued at $100 was pur­ chased. A series,.of revival meetings, which were begun during the week of prayer in 1882 and at which Reverend William Reddy, D.D., of Syracuse assisted, was productive of much good. The classes at Tallman's and Pembers, which had been a part of the Hannibal charge, were set off to the Oswego Cen­ ter charge. Frequent meetings were held at this time at North Hannibal. The next pastor was the Reverend Daniel Marvin, Jr., who presided over the Hannibal charge from 1882 to 1884. During his pastorate the meetings at North Hannibal were continued. At the conference held at Utica in the spring of 1884, Rev­ erend S. T. Dibble ,vas appointed to Hannibal and by successive reappointments held until 1887. A furnace was put in the church and other improvements made on the church property. At a revival held in November, 1886, there were 25 conversions and the membership considerably increased. From 1887 to 1888 Rev. C. E. Babcock was pastor of this charge with appointments once in two weeks at North Hanni­ bal. A town Sunday School Association was organized and the pastor of this church chosen as its first president. Mr. Babcock removed in October, 1888, to another conference and Rev. H. Pethic was appointed by the presiding elder to serve the remainder of the year. Reverend B. Day Brown received the Hannibal appointment at the Conference in Lowville in April, 1889, and remained with the charge until 1892. During the first year an Epworth League was formed with a membership of about 75. This or­ ganization took the place of the Oxford League which was started in 1887 but did not continue long in existence. A Woman's Foreign Missionary Society had been successfully conducted for a number of years and during this pastorate a Young Ladies' Home Mission Circle was organized and became equally prosperous with the elder society. In 1891 Hannibal Center, which 20 years previously had been taken from Hanni­ bal and associated with South Hannibal, was returned to this charge and was given a weekly appointment for Sunday after­ noons. The meetings at North Hannibal were discontinued. Reverend Jabez Stallwood was appointed to the Hannibal charge at the conference in April, 1893, and continued its pas­ tor until 1898. Notwithstanding the hard times which pre­ vailed during the early part of this pastorate, the church and the societies connected with it prospered and accomplished much work. An entry made by Mr. Stallwood in the records 176 during the year 1895 reads as follows: "The farmers in this vicinity all seemed to think that they must grow potatoes this year. Some planted their whole farms with that useful veg­ etable, the result being that they sold for 10 cents per bushel. They had little to give for preachers and less on the benev­ olences, but it has been a good year considering the circum­ stances of the people. Most of them have done what they could." At the close of this term the church was entirely free from debt and the church in good condition. Reverend E. E. Cheeseman was the next pastor in charge of Hannibal, he having received his appointment at the Confer­ ence held at Fulton in April, 1898. He continued to direct the affairs of the Hannibal church until 1902. Extensive repairs \Vere made in the parsonage in this village. The parsonage at Hannibal Center was sold. From the proceeds all indebtedness was paid, leaving a balance in the hands of the trustees. All of the organizations connected with the church were faithful in their work and contributed much toward the prosperity of the charge. Reverend Frederick l\1aunder received his appointment to Hannibal at the annual C·onference held at Malone in 1902. During his pastorate repairs were made on the interior of the church. Both the auditorium and the classroom were redecor­ ated. New oak seats took the place of the old ones; a fine fur­ nace and an acetylene gas lighting system were installed. An additional improvement which added greatly to the appearance of the church was the placing of 10 stained glass windows, six of which were donated by relatives of deceased members. The windows were known as the Johnson window, donated by R. A. Powers and family; Newman, by E.G. Newman; Perkins, by family of Obed and Fanny Perkins; Morehouse, by D. P. More­ house; Eli P. Barrett, by relatives and friends; and Leonard, by Mr. and Mrs. J. S. Stevenson. A window was also given by the Cowles family. One window was donated by the Epworth League and two were purchased by the church. The total amount expended at this time for repairs and improvements was $2,122.13. At the re-opening exercises a sermon was preached by Rev. Har low Skeel, a pastor of 40 years before. Although 80 years of age, he spoke with an eloquence and en­ ergy seldom equalled, and depicted in a realistic manner the efforts of those who labored to found this church and dedicate it to the Master's service. Other speakers were Rev. A. C. Loucks of Oswego, Rev. G. W. Crosby of Bethel, D. P. More­ house of Oswego, Rev. Dr. McKenzie of the Hannibal Presby­ terian Church, and Rev. Paul Brown of the Hannibal Baptist Church. The music for the day added much to the pleasure of the occasion, with Miss Belle Brackett as organist and R. A. Powers as chorister with a full choir. The anthems were ren­ dered in an inspiring manner. The solo by R. A. Powers and 177 the duet by Mrs. Wheeler and Mrs. Brackett were very fine. J. C. Culligan followed Mr. Maunder. Reverend Henry H. Hughes came in 1908, resigning at the end of the term to take up work in Glasgow, Scotland, and Rev. Belden E. Pratt was appointed to fill the vacancy. At that time (1910) he was the only resident pastor, which left plenty of work for him throughout the tbwn. In 1912 he was appointed assistant pas­ tor with permission to spend one year in Europe. Reverend Dunning became pastor and a great amount of work was done in repairing the parsonage. The porch was built and improve­ ments occupied all of the summer. The Sunday school classes, the Ladies' Aid and private subscriptions paid the cost. The salary this year was raised to $800. The year closed free of debt. During his pastorate a large tabernacle was erected with meetings being held for eight weeks. The three churches closed their doors and combined in one great evangelistic effort. The number professing conversion was about 230 and of this num­ ber 73 were received on probation and 45 into full membership in the Methodist Church. Electric lights were placed in the parsonage about 1913 and the year closed with a surplus of $93.00. During the last year that Mr. Dunning was here the Ladies' Aid Society did con­ siderable repairing and buying of necessities for the parsonage. Other pastors have been Havens, Swales, Chaffee, Peck, Ullery, Henry, Merritt, Wood, Webster and the present Rev­ erend Leonard B. Whitney. During the Merritt pastorate the one hundredth anniversary of the beginning of the Methodist church was observed. Our church has been blessed throughout the years by the leadership of many able pastors, official boards and church members. All communities are feeling the loss of many of the older members, but trust that those who are leaders now will be as faithful and carry on as nobly as those who have gone before them. There are many who are working faithfully in the interest of the church and community and we are praying for God's blessing upon our church for the years to come. Church Improvements Under the direction of Leland Webster, the lowering of the church ceiling to improve the acoustics was started. Under Mr. Whitney the church sanctuary was redecorated. In the fall of 1946, it was decided at the congregational meeting to change from a pulpit centered church to a cross centered church. The furniture was built by John West of Hannibal Center and the total cost for decoration was $375. On Palm Sunday, lv1arch 30, 194 7, the following memorials were presented and accepted by the church: The Pulpit Bible and Hymnal-In memory of Richard Prior by Mr. and Mrs. William Prior. 1'78 Flowers-Memory of Mr. and Mrs. Chester Travis by Mr. and Mrs. Sela Travis and Mrs. I. Moore. Scarves-I. Memory of G. 0. Kranze by lVIrs. G. 0. Kranze. 2. Memory of loved ones by Mrs. A. Horton. Candlesticks-Memory of Mr. and Mrs. Eugene Brown by Mrs. William Smith. Palms-Presented by the Young's Funeral Home, William­ son, N. Y. In May, 1947, two wells were drilled, one at 56 feet and thE. other at 70 feet. The total cost of drilling was $437 .50. When the installation of the pump and tanks was completed, there was an additional cost of $196. This drilling filled a long felt need at the church. It was decided during the last of September, 1947, to secure a Hammond electric organ from the Clark Music Company, Syracuse, N. Y. This ambitious project was undertaken by the Ever Ready Class and the organ was installed November 7, 1947, with Peggy Kimball, Syracuse organist, at the console for the Sunday of November 9. The following people act as organ­ ists: Wayne Kellogg, Marjorie Whitney, Irene Blanchard, Bar­ bara Perkins and Mary Ellen Upcraft. During the 1947-48 year a total of $3,247.32 was pledged by 80 per cent of the 175 mem­ bers. There was also pledged an additional $365.48 for world service. Lay leadership has been very active under Karl Kellogg. A new floor of battleship linoleum was laid in the foyer and new doors were plaaed at either end of the worship center to cut down on noise and drafts from the foyer. Hannibal Methodist Church Damaged On November 18, 1948, the church was extensively damaged when a heavy brick wall between the church proper and the kitchen wing collapsed, and the altar and pulpit dropped into the basement. Immediately after the disaster, members rolled up their sleeves and went to work on the big repair job ahead of them. On December 15, a meeting of church workers was held to map out a pledging drive for the building fund and they set a goal of $7,500. 'The town was divided into zones and workers went out to raise the money. A big thermometer was set up in the village square to show how the drive was going and soon the "mercury" leaked out over the top to the total of $8,025 in cash pledges raised. Those who helped put this drive over included Raymond Shutts, Howard Kellogg, Karl Kellogg, Donald Gleason, Wil­ liam Gault, Howard Perkins, Mrs. Nellie Scott, Harold Blanch­ ard, Eugene Fresch, Leslie Wells and Lucille Kranze, treasurer. The W.S.C.S. pledged $500 and the Circle Class voted to donate $200. An anonymous Fulton friend gave $1,000. 179 Work was rushed under the foremanship of Alfred Pierce. Others who worked on the project were Frank Pierce, Maur­ ice Moody and Frank James. Many members of the church gave unstintingly of their time and effort. A new oil furnace was installed in the basement under the supervision of Andrew Dulin. The furnace is one of the latest models and was, obtained through the Westerman Hardware of Hannibal at cost. The repairs were completed and the church was readied for use in time for the 1949 Easter season. During the period of repair work the Community Church extended a helping hand by inviting the Methodist members to share their house of worship. The pastors, Rev. W. R. San­ derson and Rev. L. B. Whitney, delivered sermons to the com­ bined congregations on alternate Sundays. During 1949 a new 40x40 foot dining room, and a 20x20 foot kitchen has been constructed in the basement. This under­ ground area is cooled by a ventilating system which provides a comfortable place for Sunday school class rooms. There are opening to the east and south. A new floor has been laid in the basement. It has been many a long day since Hannibal has seen such leadership, drive and a look to the future as has been displayed by the Reverend Leonard B. Whitney of the Methodist Church. The 1949 officers are Trustees Leslie Wells (chairman), How­ ard Perkins, Howard Kellogg, William Gault, Charles I(ranze, Raymond Shutts. Mrs. Charles Kranze is president of the Woman's Society for Christian Service. Mrs. Verna Dulin is superintendent of the Sunday school which has an average attendance of 75 to 80. There are 185 active members in the church. Hannibal-Hannibal Center Methodist Church Pastors 1839-John Whitcomb, 1840-42-Benjamin F. Brown, 1842- 43-Rowland Soule, 1843-44-W. Mason, 1844-45-J. W. Coope, 1945-47-Albin Robbins, 1847-49-M. H. Gaylord, 1849-51-0. Squires, 1851-53-David Smith, 1853-55-S. B. Crosier, 1855-56 -William Merrifield, 1856-58-H. I(ingsley, 1858-60-R. N. Bar­ ber, 1860-62-0. C. Lathrop, 1862-63-J. C. Ellis, 1863-66- Harlow Skeel, 1866-68-Rev. S. 0. Barnes, 1868-69-Rev. F. A. O'Farrell, 1869-71-Rev. W. F. Markham, 1871-73-Rev. H. C. Abbott. In 1873 Rev. D. W. Beadle acted as pastor for five months. His health failing, Rev. C. E. Beebee came in the fall of 1873 and remained until 1876. 1876-78-Rev. W. F. Brown and J. R. Crofoot, 1879-81-Rev. Josiah C. Darling, 1883-84-Daniel Marvin, Jr., 1884-86-Rev. S. T. Dibble, 1887-88-Rev. Charles E. Babcock, Harry Pethic, 1889-92-Rev. B. Day Brown, 1893-98-Rev. Jabez Stallwood. 180 In April, 1893, when Rev. Jabez Stallwood was pastor, there were 220 members and property valued at $11,000 which in­ cluded the two churches and parsonages at Hannibal and Han­ nibal Center. The two Sunday schools had an average attend­ ance of 130 pupils. There were nearly 200 books in the libraries and 70 semi-monthly papers were taken by the Sunday school. 1899-1901-Rev. E. E. Cheeseman, 1902-05-Rev. Frederick W. Maunder, 1906-07-Rev. John C. Culligan, 1908-09-Rev. Henry H. Hughes, 1910-12-Rev. Belden E. Pratt, 1912-15-Rev. Frank W. Dunning, 1916-23-Rev. Willis A. Haven, 1924-25- Rev. Harold Swales, 1925-26-Rev. H. Elliot Chaffee, 1926-27- Rev. Charles L. Peck, 1927-30-Rev. Frank M. Ullery, 1930-34- Rev. Clinton E. Henry, 1934-37-Rev. Paul E. Merritt, 1937-43- Rev. William C. Wood, 1943-46-Rev. Leland Webster, 1946 -Rev. Leonard Whitney. Christmas. 1910 Anthem, choir; "A Welcome," Evelyn Wiltse; "Jolly Old St. Nicholas," Helen Matson; "At Christmas Time," Merle Jackson; duet, Mr. and Mrs. Leslie Wells; "The Little Santa Claus," Helen Hammond; "Santa Claus," Harold Wheeler; anthem, choir; recitation, Etliel Lane; "Christmas Twice a Year," Wayne Jackson; "The Christmas Tree," Martha Shutts; solo, Mrs. Harvey Wheeler; "What I Would Like," Eldon Wiltse; "Christmas Secrets," Nina Dillabaugh; anthem, choir; distribution of presents; doxology; benediction. Children's Day. July. 1913 Choir, "The Army of the Lord"; prayer; "Welcome," Muriel Mann­ ing; "The Garden Wall," by 11 girls; "Summer Dresses," Carrie Lund; "The Robin, Rosebud and Brook," by three girls; "A Common Flower," Helen Matson; "They're All for You," Gertrude Sturge; solo, Harry Powers, "Tell Us"; "Grandma's Rainy Day," Bettie Wiltse; "What We Liked Best," by four girls; "The Master and the Children," Ethel Lane; song, "Our Festal Day," Sadie Campbell, Hazel Eckard; "The Forget­ Me-Nots," Merle Jackson. A rose drill, by 10 girls; song, "The Rose." Nina Dillabaugh; "I'm a Seamstress," Evelyn Wiltse; "Welcome Children's Day," Kenneth Wheeler; "What Can Children Do?" Louise Hammond; choir, "The Message of the King"; exercise, "Queen of Summer," 12 girls; "Flower Bells," Gertrude Cox; "The Queer Little Preacher," Esther Wiltse; song "News for Little Children," three girls; "Giving on Children's Day," Nina Dillabough; remarks by F. W. Dunning; choir, "He Loves You Still." Rally Day. October, 1914 Directed by Mrs. E. Gardner and Mrs. Umbeck. Music, Mr. R. A. Bradt. Song, "Rally Day," choir; prayer, Rev. F. W. Dunning; "Welcome," Nina Dillabough; recitation, Esther Wiltse; recitation, "A Little Gentle­ man," Karl Kellogg; song, duet and chorus, "Hark the Sound of Voic­ es"; recitation, Bettie Wiltse; recitation, Vera Cowles; song, "On the King's Highway," Bradt, Wells and Powers; exercise, "The Story of the Seed" five girls; recitation, Louise Hammond; song by class number nine( recitation, Tamson Hill; recitation, "My Friends," Gertrude Cox; Xote-\\'klu: :\I. Titu:,; ~en·l·d as pa:--tor hut year not known. 181 solo, "Saved By Grace," Hazel Shutts; recitation, Evelyn Wiltse; song "The Bugle Call," choir; recitation, Lois Engle; drill, eight girls; song' "Take My Yoke Upon You," choir; remarks, F. W. Dunning. ' Children's Day, June, 1915 Directors-Barnum, Umbeck and Skutt. Song, choir; prayer by Rev. F. W. Dunning; recitation, "Welcome," Bertha Youngs aqd Lois Engle; recitation, Charles Skutt; class exer­ cises, "Children and Flowers," Alice Skutt, Madeleine Hill, Ruth Palm­ er; anthem, choir; "Golden Summer Days," Bettie Wiltse; motion song, primaries; flower drill; solo, Mabel Eckard; class song, "Give a Little Sunshine; recitation, "Children:s Day," Alice Maude Skutt; class song, "June is Here"; recitation, "All Things Beautiful," Tamson Hill; class exercise, "Sunbeams"; flag drill; anthem, choir; "A Little Flow­ er," Lois Engle; "We Are Glad Today," Louise Han1mond; remarks by pastor; anthem, choir. 1947 Christmas Party Program Organ, Wayne Kellogg; re1narks, Rev. L. B. Whitney; Christmas an­ them, congregation; prayer, Rev. Whitney; recitation, Raymond Dulin; songs, "There's a Song in the Air" and "Merrily, Merrily, Carol Christ­ mas Bells," by the children of the junior department; recitation, "Poor Santa Claus," by David Earner; recitation, "Envy," by Billy Kranze; recitatioh, "Jimmy's Stocking," by James Travis; "A Riddle," by Ron­ ald Kellogg; "The Christmas Snowflakes," a pantomime enacted by six of the junior girls with Miss Faye Kellogg as soloist. The girls taking part were: Misses Helen Parsons, Patricia Pearce, Sharon Ford, Ruth Hall, Betty Parsons and Joan Kellogg; reading, "Fair Warning to Santa Claus," by Carlton Blanchard; distribution of presents, Santa Claus; benediction, Rev. L. B. Whitney.

182 Floods and Fires

December 18, 1879 GREAT DAMAGE IN HANNIBAL Dams Washed Out and Bridges Gone EC. 11-The high water of the last hventy-four hours has caused considerable damage in this town. So far there have been fifteen D public bridges reported gone. There is no doubt the number will exceed that. Four mill dan1s were washed out. Quite a quantity of pro­ perty has been carried away by the water. Some will be recovered while much of it will be lost. The premises of R. M. Rogers, Jr., in this village were damaged to the extent of several hundred dollars. The old carding mill in the Wiltse neighborhood went down with the flood. It contained considerable property belonging to Frederick Wiltse. Other buildings were moved or damaged by the water. The house of A. Wil­ liams, proprietor of the Hannibal mills, is entirely surrounded by wa­ ter. Communication with it is had by means of boats. In point of dam­ age this is the most disastrous freshet ever occurring in Hannibal.­ Hannibal News. Late 1870's A PORTION OF HANNIBAL IN RUINS Terrible Conflagration-Nine Buildings Destroyed At half past seven o'clock last night fire was discovered issuing from the roof of the building occupied by Mr. J. N. Gillis as a carriage and wagon shop, on Oswego St. An alarm was given, which was immed­ iately responded to by at least 200 persons, (who had assembled at Union Hall to hear the closing lecture of Dr. Hedley), who arrived on the ground, but too late to arrest the fire; the second story of the build­ ing, \Vhich was used by Mr. Gillis as a paint shop and finishing room, took fire, and burned with rapidity, setting fire to D. E. Johnson's blacksmith shop on the north, the blacksmith shop of Wm. Teague on the east, and the dwelling house of Mrs. Hoff on the south. The wind blew quite fresh from the west and drove the flames to Leonard's livery stable, and the barn of E. H. Boyd's adjoining his dwelling house on Fulton street, which were soon enveloped and the fire raged with destructive fury. Every effort was put forth by the people, to arrest the fire but to no avail. The furniture ware-room and cabinet shop of Mr. Arch Guthrie on Fulton street, next took fire and communicated the devouring element to the dwelling house and con­ fectionary store of Herbert Byrne adjoining the furniture store on the west, then the cupola on the dwelling house of Mrs. Dodge on Fulton street caught fire, and in a few minutes was wrapped in flames and soon destroyed; at this point the fire was arrested. The buildings destroyed by this terrible calamity to our village were the carriage shop owned by Mr. Harrison Matteson, and occupied by Mr. J. N. Gillis; blacksmith shop in the rear, owned by Mr. H. Mat­ teson, and occupied by Mr. Wm. Teague; blacksmith shop owned and 183 occupied by D. E. Johnson, the second story occupied by Mr. Kope as a paint shop; dwelling house owned by Mrs. Hoff, and occupied by her and Jerome VanAuken: barn owned by Mrs. Hoff and occupied by Raymond Leonard as a livery stable; building owned by David Demell and occupied by A. Guthrie as a furniture ware room and cabinet shop; dwelling house and store owned and occupied by Herbert Byrne; barn owned by E. H. Boyd and occupied by Harvey Althouse, and the dwel­ ling house owned and occupied by Mrs. Dodge. In all nine buildings were burned to th,e ground, and the dwelling house occupied by Har­ vey Althouse so badly dan1aged by the fire and water that it is worth­ less. The fire is supposed to have originated from a defect in the chimney of the Gillis carriage shop, as the fire was issuing from the roof of the building on the east side of the chimney when first discovered. Mr. Gillis, as was his usual practice before leaving the shop at night, pass­ ed through the building to see that everything was safe as to fire. Nothing unusual was observed and he went home for the night. The loss of property by the fire is about $6,000, as follo,vs: H. Mat­ teson wagon and blacksmith shops, $1,000. Insured in the Scottish com­ mercial of Glasgow, Scotland, $700. Mrs. Dodge, dwelling house, loss $1,000. Insured $800. J. N. Gillis loss on stock, $500. Insured $500. Wm. Teague loss on stock and tools $100. No insurance. H. Byrne: Loss on dwelling house and store, $1,000; on stock, $400; insured on house, $400. Mrs. Hoff: Loss $700 on house and barn; insured $400 on house. E. H. Boyd: Loss on house and barn, $1,000 insured, $800. D. E. Johnson: Loss on blacksmith shop, $600; no insurance. D. Demel!: Loss on cabinet shop, $500; insured, $225. We are sorry to have to say that considerable stealing took place while the fire was raging. Among the property stolen was a jewelry box belonging to Mrs. Fairchilds, containing two gold watches and chains, three finger rings, pins, studs, etc., which she placed in a feather bed which was removed from their dwelling house with other house­ hold property. Some of the light-fingered gentry are known, and the best thing for them is to return the property immediately. This fire is a serious blow to our village, but with the enterprise characteristic of our citizens, we hope to see the burnt district speedily rebuilt.-Han­ nibal Nevis. 1886 Fire and Robbery TERRIBLE FIRE IN HANNIBAL Burglars Enter the Store of G. A. Leonard, Blow Open the Safe and Fire the Building About 2 o'clock Tuesday morning people living near the store of G. A. Leonard, were aroused from their slumber by the noise resembling that of a gun, but no effort was made to discover the cause. About two hours later Mr. A1nos Farnham, who lived upstairs in the Brewster block discovered smoke in his room and on going to the window was horrified to see Mr. Leonard's store all on fire. He immediately raised the window and gave an alarm, and our vil­ lage was soon alive with people, but it being the san1e old story "noth­ ing to put out fire with," but little could be done toward checking the flames which moved directly north against the wind, sweeping every­ thing before it. As soon as it became apparent that nothing in it's path could be saved, the firemen of Oswego were once more called upon to come and save our village. From Leonard's store the fire swept northward destroying the store of WHson Cooper, n1erchant tailor, also the Brewster Silver Band room in the second floor with it's contents, John Loughrey, shoemaker, 184 Charles Leete, grocer, J. W. Burt, clothing. Next came the town hall, a large three story building, occupied on the first floor by Daniel Sulli­ van, tonsorial parlors, C. L. F'etterley, groceries, John A. Cox seed, feed. etc. The second floor \Vas used for a hall and the third floor by the G. A. R. Post. . When the firemen arrived from Oswego the town hall was nearly consumed, but the village was amply repaid for their coming as they saved the school house which caught fire from the burning embers. The fire was of incendiary origin as it was discovered that Leonard's safe had been blown open and robbed. It is supposed that after rifling the safe the burglars set fire to the store. As yet there is no clue to the perpetrators. October 22. 1942 $40.000 BLAZE DESTROYS HALF OF BUSINESS SECTION OF HANNIBAL 5 Buildings Razed; Sixth is Wrecked Special Dispatch Hannibal, Oct. 22.-Fire, discovered at 3 :30 a. m. today, wiped out half the business section of Hannibal, destroying five buildings and wrecking a sixth before firemen from half-a-dozen nearby communi­ ties brought it under control three hours later. Loss was upwards of $40,000. !\t 8:30 a. m. firemen were still pouring water on the smouldering nuns. The fire started in the meat market of William Prior on Cayuga Street and then spread west, to consume in one, two, three order the adjoining structures housing a vacant poolroom, the Market Basket Store, William Shutts' barber shop and the office of the village clerk. These places were leveled. The drug store of 1\1:aynard Gardner, next to the village clerk's office, was damaged extensively, both by fire and water. Also destroyed in the fire were the Masonic lodge rooms over the Market Basket store and the apartment of Mrs. Winifred Montgomery, over the pharmacy. l\,1rs. Montgomery experienced no difficulty in get­ ting out. The wooden structure in which the fire was discovered was owned by the Chauncey Boyce estate. The brick buildings which housed the poolroom, meat market, barber shop, Market Basket, village clerk's office, Masonic rooms and apartments were owned by Hannibal Lodge, 550, F. and A. M. A vacant clothing store, formerly the Burt Clothing Company, which was damaged, was owned by the J. B. Burt estate, and Bert Bentley of Theresa owned the Gardner drug store building which suffered mostly from smoke and water. About the only store in the business section which suffered no loss was that of the McFarland Hardware Company. Prior discovered the fire and suffered minor burns about the hands and face fighting the flames before he was forced to leave. Failure of the village fire alarm system caused delay in getting ap­ paratus to the scene, it is said. Prior had been working in his market until about midnight when he locked up and, with a friend from Ira, went to a nearby restaurant for a chat and a snack. He left the restaurant shortly after 3:15 a. m. and before heading for home, decided to go back to the market for a few minutes. On entering he found the rear in flames. He sought to smother the flames by throwing flour on them but the fire gained such headway he had to give up. A member of the volunteer fire department, Prior ran to the fire 185 barn across the street and attempted to sound an alarm. The system failed and he then got to a telephone and called several members of the department, asking them in turn to notify others. Shortly aft~r they reached the scene and it was realized the fire was spreading beyond control, calls were put through to the following plac­ es for assistance: Oswego, Red Creek, Fair Haven, Granby Center, Vol­ ney and Fulton. Firemen from these communities raced to Hannibal with their equip­ ment and joined im fighting the flames.

186 Sports

Hannibal Baseball, 1870' s CCORDING to the records and reports back in the 1870's, A Hannibal was very much interested in baseball. Games were played in fields next to where Kenneth Hall's mink farm is now located and also in fields where Fred Shutts and Gordon Gault no\v Ii ve. Some of the early Hannibal players were: ·Catchers-James I-Iaven, Tren1aine Dillabough. Pitchers-James Burt, Daniel Sullivan. Third Base-Eben Fetterley. Fielders-Charles Leete, Bill O'Mara, Seymour Phelps, Charles Dewitt, Lou Fetterley, William Byrne, Bert and Ben Brower. October 2, 1878 -The list of the killed and v:ounded at the base ball game last Wed­ nesday, we are happy to state, is not as extensive as it might have been. We hear of only four persons being injured, and up to the time of going to press, are still alive. The first case is that of the young man, on the Ontario's nine, who made such a desperate effort, upon suddenly reaching third base, to drive the base-bag several feet into the ground with his skull, but failing in the attempt, and relaxing his efforts, dis­ covered several inches of his scalp missing. The second case was that of a poor little fellow· who had spread himself out near home base, and while watching the game, was seen to rapidly rise several feet into the air, and upon coming down laid his little hands agonizingly over his little stomach, howled a little howl, and said the ball had gone clean through him, but upon examination he was found to be mistaken, as the ball, on coming in contact with the obstruction, had simply elevat­ ed it and passed on in another direction. The third case was that of an­ other poor little boy, who was also anxiously watching the game on the other side of the home base. This little fellow astonished everybody with the exclamation that a locomotive had just run over him, but such was not the case, for he was picked up some distance from the railroad, and no trains had gone by at that time. The ball was badly compressed. The fourth and last accident happ=ned to T. Dillabough, the catcher of the Hannibal club, who very unwisely tried to stop a very swift ball by holding out his little finger and letting the ball come in contact with the tip end of it. The result was that his little finger shut in the wrong way, and not having a double-acting joint on it, why, of course, it-. But, anyhow, we learn he is convalescent, and strong hopes are entertained by his friends and relatives that he will ulimate­ ly recover. -Our Knights of the Ball and Bat, and a picked nine from Oswego, calling themselves the Ontarios, met in battle array on the field of 187 .. /9r:~./ {~:, .,,,,., ... ··•._:~:·•,: -·--;"'v :?:(

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188 Hannibal for a trial of skill in the National game. That the so-called Ontarios should select five of the best players in the city of Oswego, outside the paid club, to come here to a contest with the Hannibal nine, demonstrates the fact that they had a contract on hand to execute which would require all the science and skill they could command in that city. And still doubtful of their ability to accomplish anything more than a disastrous defeat, they secured the services of an Umpire from Oswego, who, for a certain consideration, we are told, guaranteed to manipulate victory into their hands. The game was called at 3:30, and lasted an hour and a half, nine innings being played. It was evi­ dent from the start that the Umpire was determined to secure the con­ sideration spoken of, and becoming convinced that the Ontarios could not possibly get the game by fair play, resolved they should get it otherwise. And get it otherwise they did. But, it must be admitted, that never in all the annals and history of ballism, was such glaring, inten­ tional and open violation of the rules as was displayed by the Umpire at this game. But the patience of the Hannibal boys at length gave out, when, in the 6th inning, on account of a decision in regard to a foul ball (the said ball striking ten feet outside the oase line, and which was claimed by the U1npire to be a fair ball!) which every sane man on the field denounced as outrageous to the last degree, they de­ cided to quit the game. But, after considerable wrangling, in which the Ontarios insisted on completing the game, our boys, on the Umpire reversing his infamous decision, concluded to submit, emphatically protesting, however, against continuing with the same Umpire, but as the Ontarios would not listen to any such change, the game went on as usual, and ended with a score of 4 to 3 in favor of the Ontarios. It is generally conceded that our nine deserve severe censure for continuing the game under such arbitrary and one-sided ruling as they submitted to, for it is admitted by nine-tenths of those who witnessed the game that the play of the Hannibals was very much superior to that of the Ontarios, and that had it been umpired with any degree of fairness, our nine, as we heard one man remark, "would have beat the Ontarios so bad it would have made their heads swim." -The game of base ball played at Fairdale last Saturday afternoon between the Fairdale and Hannibal clubs, resulted in the following score: Innings 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Hannibals ______3 1 0 5 0 12 2 1 8-32 Fairdales ______o O 3 0 0 0 O O 1-4 In the early 1900's a baseball team was formed and for a dozen years Hannibal people were treated to excellent ball games. It was during this time that Hannibal definitely bee;an to be known as a baseball town. The team of 1903 was the first organized team to have suits. Others who played besides the regular team were William Coatta, pitcher; Hurd Douglas, right field; Harry Gillis, first base; John (Shine) Brackett, short stop; Sadler, catcher; Fred Cox, first base; Austin, catcher; \Vinfred Smout, Charles Cooper, Scudder and Barlo\v as util­ ity players. Ray Engle was mascot. Mark Minar and Walter Matteson were managers of the team during its hey-day. The following account of the Hannibal baseball team is taken from the Hannibal News of July 29, 1904: The inhabitants of this village possess a spirit of enterprise and pro­ gress which should entitle them to a prominent place among the up- 189 to-date towns of the state, and in no way is this spirit more apparent. than in the interest manifested in the success of the club organized at the beginning of the present season to represent Hannibal in the base­ ball field. So far the gentlemen composing the organization and who are representative of the best business and social element of the town have been diligent and untiring in their efforts to put up a good game of ball and are scoring their share of victories in the games in which they have taken part. In the make-up of the club our readers will rec­ ognize a number oj the leading professional and business men of Han­ nibal. George Sturge is pitcher and also captain of the nine. He is care­ ful and painstaking in his leadership of the club on the field and does good work before the bat. Mr. Sturge is engaged in the meat business in this village where he is \vell and favorably known to its inhabitants. Melzar VanAuken is an effective catcher and an excellent batter. He is a member of the firm of Hammond and VanAuken, who do an ex­ tensive business as oculists in this and surrounding villages. The first base is well guarded by Roy F. Brower, a good player and a member of the Hannibal News staff; the second by Professor S. R. Lockwood, principal of Hannibal High school, an able all around play­ er who is a believer in the development of the muscular as well as the mental powers, and the third by Pearl Sturge also an efficient play­ er on base who is associated with his brother in the meat business in this village. Victor Adamy, a graduate of Hannibal High school and now a popu­ lar teacher in this vicinity, is a prompt and vigorous short-stop and a good general player. The right field is looked after by Dr. W. B. Acker who demonstrates by his actions on the diamond that a professional man may also excel in athletic sports; the center by Harry Powers, a young farmer residing south of this village and a good fielder; and the left by i\rthur Minar who varies his occupation as a druggist by practice on the field. The control of the business concerns of the Hannibal Club has been entrusted by the men1bers to the hands of a well-known merchant, W. C. Matteson, who has fully justified their confidence by his acts as man­ ager in arranging the games with the clubs of the surrounding towns and in his close attention to their interests in the direction of their affairs. The Hannibal Nine is a well organized, hard working body of play­ ers, ambitious to win distinction on the diamond and sure to achieve credit and fame for the community which it represents. Hannibal and Oswego Emeralds August 12, 1905 The national game is a popular one in the village of Hannibal as the editor of "THE OBSERVER" found by witnessing a game played there last Saturday between the Emeralds of Oswego and the Hannibal Nine. It's a sort of half holiday in Hannibal when there is a ball game on the home diamond and the farmers drive in with their families to witness the sport, and the villagers turn out and lend enthusiasm to the game. Out of the nine games Hannibal has played with other teams, it has lost only two. The Hannibal boys seem to have the staying quality which wins the games in the last few innings. Up to the seventh inning Saturday, the Oswego boys had two runs to Hannibal's nothing. After that Hannibal rolled up six scores and Oswego was left with their two runs. Much of the success of the Hannibal team lies in the fact that it has a very strong pitcher in the person of Victor Adamy. He ranks high as an amateur, and. if we are able to judge, he would do credit in a professional team. In fact we understand he has had opportunities to 190 join salaried teams. Mr. Adamy possesses the quality of levelheaded­ ness under any excitement and makes very few errors in throwing the ball. He was well supported Saturday with Melzar VanAuken as catcher. The Hannibal tean1 is supported in its expenses by collections taken at the games, and those present are expected to give fifteen cents for seeing the game, although some give more liberally. Peter McFarland is the umpire who generally decides the right effect of the ball on the diamond, and he has proven an impartial umpire and one who cannot be swayed by the "kicking" of anyone. All Fulton vs. Hannibal September 16, 1905 The following is taken from an old copy of the Hannibal News: The very best team the City of Fulton could produce, including league players, defeated the Hannibal team by a score of 4 to 3 Satur­ day. At the beginning of the ninth inning the score stood 3 to 3. With Fulton at the bat in the ninth, the winning score was made on account of the sun striking Adarny in the eyes when a ball was thrown to him. However it was a good game and perfectly satisfactory to the specta­ tors, manager and members of the Hannibal ball team. Fifteen games have been played by the Hannibal team this season, comprising the very best amateur clubs in Oswego county as well as Cayuga and Wayne counties. Out of this number Hannibal has won ten, making a record of which they are justly proud and of which the townspeople feel likewise. The club has been well supported by the people in this and sur­ rounding towns, the average attendance being 400 and the fact that the management is able to show a surplus at the end of the season of $25 speaks well of Mr. Mark Minar's ability as a baseball manager. And at this time they desire to express their sincere thanks to all who have contributed towards the support of the club during the season, assur­ ing them that next season they hope to have as good, if not a better, team on the diamond. Below will be found a list of games played, with whom, runs scored, etc. Oswego High School 12; Hannibal 7. Fair Haven 8; Hannibal 11. Oswego High School 2; Hannibal 25. Emeralds 2; Hannibal 6. Emeralds 3; Hannibal 1. Cardinals 6; Hannibal 11. Red Creek 4: Hannibal 6. Rowan Stars 11; Hannibal 4. F. E. Wells 7; Hannibal 1. Minetto 13; Hannibal 8. Martville 1; Hannibal 2. Martville 2; Hannibal 17. Cardinals 7: Hannibal 8. All Fulton 4; Hannibal 3. F. E. Wells ·6: Hannibal 7. Adamy struck out 121 men and gave 21 bases on balls during the season. George Sturge succeeded in getting his base on balls 26 times as against 28 for 11 other 1nen who played during the season. 1922 Hannibal Town Team Baseball Record Opposition Hannibal Hannibal High School ------8 12 Ira _ _ - -- - - 5 6 Wolcott ------9 8 Wolcott _ ------__ ------11 12 Wolcott ------______13 2 191 Opposition Hannibal Fair Haven ______0 4 Sterling ______12 6 Fair Haven ______12 0

(4-4) 70 50 Players-Ellis 1 Crofoot, Elston Ecker, Charles Barrus, Lyle Kosboth, Stanley Westover, Frank Dunham, Harry Cummins, I(enneth Tyler, Lloyd Tyler, Newman Johnson, John Matson, Robert Cook, Carol Johnson, Fred Cox, Harold Lock,:vood, Erwin Spafford, Harold Blake, Lester Crofoot, Colby Longley, Herbert Chase, Fred Kent, Edward Davenport, Karl Kellogg, Eugene Fralick, Horace Wilson, Harold Palmer, Kenneth Pal­ mer, Fred Williamson, Frank Wilder, Carlton Jones. 1924 Hannibal Town Baseball Team Opposition Hannibal Chocolate Works______16 9 Sealright ______10 20 Red Creek ______10 3 Fulton Maccabees ______11 12 Red Creek ______6 9 Port Byron ------______17 4 Chocolate Works ______7 15 Meridian ------______2 6 Chocolate Works ______13 9 Oswego KPA ______------______8 2 Phoenix ------______8 0 Meridian ------______2 7 Fulton Canners ______3 21 Meridian ______5 6 Savannah ______15 0 Meridian ______5 4 Crocketts ------______7 29

(8-9) 156 145 1933 Hannibal Town Team Record Opposition Hannibal Red Creek ______6 1 Oswego Royals ______0 5 Oswego Lake Shores ______2 3 Solvay ______. 3 16 Oswego Independents ______1 10 North Rose ______5 3 Auburn Falcons Jr. ______1 4 Fairmount ------______8 13 North Rose ------___ 5 10 192 Opposition Hannibal Au burn Falcons Jr. ______7 8 Auburn Ukes Cubs ------3 4 Ira ______.______4 5 Red Creek ______l l 8 Ira ______14 5 Fulton ______8 6 Pulaski ______2 17 Baldwinsville ______3 1 Fairmount ______7 10 Lycoming ______2 3 Oswego Lake Shores ______12 16 Solvay ______5 6 Auburn Ukes Cubs ______6 7 Auburn Hackney AC ______5 1 Fair Haven ______10 1 Baldwinsville ______5 6 Wolcott ______2 i Auburn Hackney AC ______7 5 Ira ______1 0 Fulton ______12 1 Oswego S _------_ 2 9 Ira ------4 2 Ir a ______13 5 Lycoming ______5 3 Ira ------5 9 (15-19) 186 204 Hannibal Players-Ellis Crofoot, Glen Wiggins, Joseph Brod­ erick, George Longley, Arthur (Pete) Hill, Raymond Crofoot, Nathan Poormon, George Broderick, Frank Lockwood, James Gerald Montgomery, Horace Wilson, Dewey Raney, Charlie Barrus, Lawrence Godfrey, Fred Williamson, Carlton Jones, Crafton Phelps, Howard Duncan.

1934 Hannibal Town Team Record Opposition Hannibal North Victory ______l l 6 Fair Haven ______0 5 Fair Haven ______7 6 Fair Haven CC ------1 11 Red Creek ------8 7 Wolcott ______------6 5 Fair Haven CCC ------4 6 Lycoming Cubs ______10 8 Ira ------8 5 Oswego C _____ ------__ 12 11 193 Opposition Hannibal Oswego Simmons Produce Co. ______2 10 Oswego Simmons Produce Co. ______5 15

74 95 Hannibal Players-Elston Ecker, Robert Scott, Robert Cook, Lloyd Tyler, J(j)hn Newton, Arthur (Pete) Hill, Nathan Poor­ mon, George Broderick, Joseph Broderick, Frank Lockwood, Lawrence Godfrey, Townsend, Perchway, Fred Williamson, Crafton Phelps and Church. 1948 Championship Won by Hannibal's Baseball Team Hannibal's baseball team, which won the Northern Independent League playoff title, has been awarded the trophy for league champ­ ions. The team finished the regular season's play in second place, two games behind Howlett Hill but went on to eliminate Clay and East­ wood and beco1ne league leader. The Hannibal team had three of its players selected for the league's all-star team. They were first baseman, Thomas Lockwood; shortstop, Willie Smith, and center fielder, William Zukovsky. Zukovsky's field­ ing average was 1000, Lockwood's nearly perfect and Smith displayed a powerful hitting spree, closing the regular season with a batting average of 500. The State League tea1n, although it had an enviable record of 18 wins and 2 losses in regular season play and ended in top position at the close of the scheduled season, was knocked out by Phoenix in a two out of three playoff games. The tearn has since scored wins over several teams, defeating the Independent league team twice, 6-5 and 6-0, and on Sunday scored a 9-3 win over the Syracuse Ramblers in the latter half of a double header. Smith started on the mound for manager "Tobe" Tyler but was relieved by Marsh early in the game. He gained credit for the win nevertheless. Deloff did the receiving. In the first half of the double bill, Shutts held the Independents to four hits with Hill holding the powerful State Leaguers to two runs until the ninth inning when a single by Richardson followed by walks to Dailey and Merz and a double by Cooper and an infield error sent four runs over the plate to ice the game for the State league team. Members of the Hannibal baseball team which won the Northern Independent League play-offs and the championship trophy are: Lloyd Tyler, manager and coach; I(enneth (Ted) Pratt, assistant manager and business manager; Richard (Dick) Abbott, third base; Arthur (Pete) Hill, pitcher; Harold (Hedgy) Farrell, right field; Robert (Bob) Morrell, left field; Robert (Bob) Carter, utility player; Raymond (Dunc) Duncan, second base; Thomas (Tom) Lockwood, first base; William (Bill) Zukovsky, center field; Jarvis Lancaster, pitcher; Willie Lee Smith, shortstop; Philip McCarthy, first base coach; Douglas Montclair, pitcher; Donald Hadcock, pitcher; Robert Longley, outfielder. Officers of the Hannibal Baseball Clubs (1949) Lewis Bombard, president; Fay Burghart, vice-president; Catherine Dailey, secretary; Curtiss Cooper, treasurer; Lloyd 194 Tyler, manager and coach of both teams; Lloyd Van Dusen, assistant business manager of both teams. 1949 Members of the State Te,am (First Team) Vincent Merz, first base; Ralph Abbott, second base; Erwin Shutts,' third base; Fred Lockwood, shortstop and business manager; William Prior, left field; George Richardson, center field; Clarence Cooper, right field; Richard Abbott, catcher; Raymond Duncan, catcher; Ralph Buckner, Edgar Beebe, Wil­ liam Smith, pitchers; Leonard Marsh, pitcher and outfielder; Homer Dailey and Charles Pratt, outfielders. 1949 Northern New York Independent League (Second Team) Tom Lockwood, first base; William Zukovsky, center field; Otis Sennett, Jr., catcher and manager; Robert Cooper, second base; James Hall, John Sennett, infielders; Allen Cox, first base and outfielder; R. Koes, R. Hewitt, Kenneth Harris, Mel­ vin Sherman, outfielders; Donald Wiltse, third base; William Smith, Charles Viele, shortstop; Douglas Montclair, Donald Wallace, pitchers; Donald Wilde, catcher; Robert Morrell, third base; Harold Hopkins, second base; H. Farrell, infielder and outfielder. Harry Lockwood No Hannibal sports report would be complete without a word concerning Harry Lockwood, son of Mrs. Harold Lockwood. He participated in all sports, starring particularly in basket­ ball and baseball and is the town's outstanding athlete. Many games were won because of the speed, skill, finesse and determ­ ination of Harry to win. He acted as the sparkplug of his team­ mates. In 1942 the town team was coached by Harry Lockwood. They played 20 games winning 18 and losing 2, one to Jordan and one to Geneva. The opposition totaled 77 runs while Hanni­ bal chalked up 224. The players were: Charles Burgdorf, Harry and Fred Lockwood, Leonard Earle, Wm. Prior, Ernie Craine, Lou DeLoff, Clarence Cooper, Charles (Bud) Pratt, Sox Stuber, Vincent Merz, John McGibbon, Clayton Poormon, Erwin (Perk) Shutts, George Miller, Harry Howland, Ernest Niccoli, Henry Roy and Arnold Holcomb. He advanced himself by playing \Vith Geneva in the Border League, then holding down the keystone sack with Providence, who played in Class B baseball. During the 1948 season, Harry batted .320 and had 12 home runs. In 1949 he played with Wilkes-Barre in Class A ball, thus going on a step higher. Dur­ ing the 1949 season he was sold to Fall River, Massachussetts and is at present playing in a Canadian league. Harry served in the armed forces, going overseas. This cut deeply into his plans for a future career as it did for thousands 195 of other young men. The whole town of Hannibal wishes Harry every success especially because of his sportsmanship, modesty and excellent character. Hannibal High School Baseball (Read Down) 1910 Meridian I--L S. ______13-15 Red Creek H. S. ______6- 7 Cato H. S. ______, ______10-18 Fair Haven H. S. ______10- 9 (3-5) 89-66 Red Creek H. S. __ _ __ 6- 2 Red Creek H. S. ______6- 1 C-F. Dunham Fair Haven H. S. ______0-19 P-K. Metcalf SS-Cl. Johnson (3-2) 32-49 lB--J. Forscutt 2B-B. Allen C-G. Shutts 3B-R. Metcalf P-T. Hunter LF-J. Matson SS-H. Hunter CF-H. Howland 1B-H. Lockwood RF---F. Cooper 2B-S. Guthrie 1916 3B-F. Kent Fulton ______5- 9 LF-F. Prosser Fair Haven ______11- 0 CF-M. Wiltse Red Creek ______15- 5 RF-T. Bridges Fulton ______15-16 R. Crandell Red Creek ______0- 9 Fair Haven ______0- 2 1911 Fair Haven ------9-10 Red Creek H. S. ______6- 4 Fair Haven ______7-10 Cato H. S. ______7-11 Oswego N. H. S. ______0-14 (2-6) 62-61 Cato H. S. ______10-11 C-F. Dunham Red Creek H. S. ______10- 8 P-Cl. Johnson Oswego N. H. S. ______1- 4 SS-E. Crofoot Fulton H. S. ______9- 6 lB-J. Matson Fair Haven H. S. ______0- 9 2B-A. Edwards 3B-G. Chills on (3-5) 43-67 LF-W. Westover C-G. Shutts CF-E. Ecker P-T. Hunter RF-C. Gifford SS-H. Hunter lB-H. Lockwood 1919 2B-R. Crandell Fair Haven ______16-20 3B-A. Lockwood Red Creek ______7- 9 LF-L. Crofoot Fair Haven ______6-10 CF-S. Guthrie Red Creek ______8- 2 RF-T. Bridges Red Creek ______5- 4 L. Pearce Red Creek ______8-12 Fair Haven ______16- 8 1915 Fair Haven ______13- 3 Fair Haven H. S. ______5- 9 Meridian H. S. ______17- 0 (4-4) 79-68 Wolcott H. S. ______26- 9 C-Mack Lathrop Wolcott H. S. ------_ 9- 5 P-Kenneth Tyler Red Creek H. S. ______9-13 SS-Newman Johnson Fair Haven H. S. ______4- 8 lB-Willis Kenyon

Nnte-l◄'ig-ures in part>nthesis show g·ames lo:--t and won 1,y Hannibal. All rtg·h t ha,nd column figures refer to home team :;tatistic8. 196 2B-S. Westover SS-G. Wiggins 3B-Wavne Jackson lB-Karl Kellogg LF-Colby Longley 2B-Harold Blake CF-Hubert Simpkins 3B-Verner Cox RF-Fred Crandell LF-Harry Sheldon Lloyd Tyler CF-Carroll Johnson RF-William Shutts 1920 C. Walker Fair Haven ______. ______12- 5 Henry Wiltse Cato ______. ______4-24 William Matson Meridian ______10-13 Glenn Blodgett Fair Haven ______14- 1 William Summerville Red Creek ______. ______6- 5 Allen Perkins Meridian ______3 0-20 Red Creek ______19-17 1930 Fair Haven ___ ------5- 6 Fair Haven ______11-20 Fair Haven ______7- 3 Fair Haven __ . ______9-16 Fair Haven ______5- 6 Cleveland ______16-11 Parish ______5- 4 (6-4) 112-100 Phoenix ______3- 2 Central Squar2 ___ . ______~- 4. C---Colby Longley Cleveland ------7- 0 P-Newman Johnson Parish ______7-14 SS-Neil Engle Phoenix ______11-14 lB-Ivan Pittroff Central Square ______7- 9 2B-Lloyd Tyler Red Creek ______8-12 3B-S. Westover Red Creek ______. ______2- 3 LF-Mack Lathrop CF-Kenneth Upcraft (4-8) 89-10) RF--Fred Crandell Harold Haven C-Ro bert Scott P-Stanley Phillips 1925 P-Harold Wilde l'vieridian ______6- 7 SS-Harold Wilde Red Creek ______15- 7 SS-Stanley Phillips Meridian ______... ______12- 9 lB-Amos Horton 2B-Alton Wilde Cato ------·------5-12 3B-George Broderick Meridian ------·------9- 8 Fair Haven ______12-10 LF-J oseph Broderick Meridian ______9- 8 CF-Stewart Walker RF-George Adsitt (5-2) 68-61 1931-Championship Team 1926 1934 Fair Haven ------5-18 Cato ______3-11 Fair Haven ______3-11 Red Creek ______6-13 Cato ______4- 3 Oswego ______l 0- 8 Cleveland ______9- 9 Red Creek ______4- 9 Meridian ------7- 8 Fair Haven ______6- 1 Cato ------2- 8 Phoenix ______13- 2 Meridian ------4- 5 Oswego ______19-11 Cato ______9-14 Red Creek ______9- 13 Cleveland _____ ------8- 5 Fair Haven ______5- 8 Fair Haven ______4-11 Fulton ------4-17 Phoenix ______4-10 (2-8) 70-103 Fair Haven ______12- 8 Manager-Raymond Scott Red Creek ______4- 7 Coach-Elston Ecker Cleveland ------3- 9 C-George Longley P-Crafton Phelps (5-8) 87-116 197 C-Edward Kilmer CF-Arthur Crofoot P-•-George Miller RF-Vlilliam Prior P-William Strowbridge Robert A very SS-C. Williamson Lyle McGlen lB-Arthur Lindo Lee Crofoot 2B-Maynard Gardner 3B-F. Lockwood 1946-Championship Team LF-Clarence Cooper (Tyler) CF-Lawrence Kellogg RF-Harry Darling Mexico ...... ·-· ·-···· . -·-·-· 23- 6 Samuel Cali Red Creek -·-· ·-·---··. _.. -·-· ____ 0-10 Mexico __ ····--· ...... ····-·· -·- 7- 8 1940-Championship Team Port Byron __ -· ... -· ... ··--· ···--·· 3- 8 (Chuff) Cato ·- --····· -·· ·---·-•-· ..... -·--·-··· 1-21 Oswego . --·· ... ··- . .. •-·-··-· . 5- 3 Red Creek ·-··· ______··-·---··•-··-· 1-14 Port Byron ···- .. ····-··--·· ···- ___ 2- 3 Cato --·--· ··-···-- __ ···--··--· --·····---· 2-21 Red Creek --·- ---·-- ··---···---- ··- 3-17 Fair Haven -· -·-···-·- .. ----·-·----·· 1-15 Oswego __ ..... - _ ----··· ·---··-·-·--- 5- 1 Port Byron ____ . ·-·--·---··--·---- 5- 9 Cato ·--·- ·--·· ____ ···-·-·--·-·----- 1- 7 Fulton -·--·. ------··-· -· .. ····-·- ···-·- 6- 4 Sodus ·-·-·--·- ---·--·----··- ··--- ·--·-·- 1-11 Fair Haven -----·-•·--- -····--···-···- 1-18 Caledonia ---··- .. -•-··- ··--- ··----- *3- 3 Cato ·---- ··---···-- ---·-·------·------·-- 1- 9 Caledonia ··------·-· .. -·----·- _____ 1- 4 Red Creek . ··--·----- _ -----·---·----- 0- 2 Churchville ------·-··- . ·----···- 2- 1 Port Byron _ -··--- -·--·-··-- ··-···- 6- 2 Port Byron -··----·---·· ··-·--·-·····- 4- 6 ( 4-9) 57-103 William son . _··----·---·--· ·------··- 1- 4 *Tie Shortsville -·--·· -···--·--···------·- 5-10 Scio .... _____ .... --·-·--·--··-· -·--··•-- 3- 9 C-Abbott P-Shortslef York .... -·· ·-·-·-·-·· ---·-----·--·-----·- 1- 9 SS-Morrell (2-12) 37-132 lB-Hall 2B-Robert Cooper C--Darling 3B--Carter P-Leonard Earle OF-Cole William Prior Zukovsky Richard Calloway Marsh John Gifford Horne SS-Charles Burgdorf Blanchard lB-Harry Lockwood Stock 2B-Fred Lockwood 1947-Championship Team 3B-Richard Calloway LF-Harry Hendricks 1948-Championship Team 1949-Championship Team (Class "C") Coach-Logan White. Players-Harold Plummer, Donald Wilde, John Sennett, James Lockwood, Harold Hopkins, Francis Buttimer, Clarence Pierce, Robert Wiltse, Duane Kyle, Donald Wallace. Hannibal High School Basketball 1924-25 Oswego St. Johns Res. ··-·· 32-28 Wolcott H. S. --· ..... 29-13 Wolcott H. S. ------·-··•···-·····-· .29- 9 Minetto C. C. ··-···········-··· .... 27-21 Fulton C. C. ·-··· ...... 32-23 (6-2) 210-153 Oswego S. --·- -·--···-·· ·······-· .. _.. 25-29 • C-Winfield Kranze Minetto C. C. ···-·--···-······--·-···22-11 RF-George Longley Fulton M. B. S. ··--·········-···-··14-19 LF-C. Johnson

'.\:olt->-I ◄'igures in parl•ntht->sis ~how g·amL•s lost and won 1Jy Hannibal. All ri_!.dll hand column til-nires are honw team :,.;tatislk8. 198 RG-Crafton Phelps Joseph Broderick LG-John Gray Rockwell Powers Glenn Blodgett Eugene Fresch Kar1 Kellogg Arthur Lindo Howard Chillson 1930-31 1934-35 Red Creek ______27-15 Oswego R. ______9-10 Cato ______.19-16 Oswego R. ______10- 8 North Rose ______22- 5 Oswego R. ______. _ 9-13 Pulaski ______18-26 Fulton R. ______20-28 Cato ______23- 6 Red Creek ______8- 4 Red Creek ______8-23 Cato ______14-13 Mexico ______11-21 Oswego C. ______33-12 Meridian ______9-34 Minetto C. C. 28-18 Minetto C. C. ______41-19 Fulton R. ______24-14 Mexico ______9-25 Phoenix ______16-12 North Rose ______18-14 Minetto ______13-16 Central Square ______17-2i Weedsport ______28-19 Red Creek ______22-28 Cato ______11-20 Central Square ______.19-20 Phoenix ______27-17 Phoenix ______4-25 Central Square ______20-18 Fulton Res. ______6-18 Weedsport ______31-19 Minetto C. C. ______17-18 Auburn ______20-17 Fulton A. ______7-35 Central Square ______20-18 Fulton Res. ______17-29 Oswego R. ______10-18 Fulton A. __ _ ------14-31 Oswego N. F. ______24-20 Phoenix ______32-20 Mannsville ______15-20 Fair Haven ______5-36 Parish ______20-32 Altmar ______24-23 Auburn C. ______15- 6 Meridian __ ------9-17 Oswego P. P. ______ll-14 Mannsville ______8-14 (7-16) 371-510 (] 6-10) 471-415 Charles McMillen Wilbur Weaver Arthur Pearce Arthur Lindo George Adsitt John Malone Richard Geer Edward Kilmer St2\vart Walker Harry Dar ling George Broderick Lawrence Kellogg Hannibal Wins Tri-County Basketball Championship (1940) Members of the Hannibal High School basketball team who won every league game during the 1939-40 season coached by Philip Chuff were: Arthur and Lee Crofoot, William Prior, Leonard Earle, George Scanlon, Harry Hendricks, Charles Burgdorf, Warren Darling, Richard Calloway, Dewey Crofoot, Fred and Harry Lockwood, Lyle McGlen. 1941-42 This was another banner year for Hannibal High School's basket­ ball team. After being declared champions of the Tri-County League by virtue of winning every league game, they entered the play-offs with the winners of other counties. Defeating Ovid, they next took on Gorham in a ga1ne played at Canandaigua and won this game by a 29- 32 score. This entitled them to play in the section 5 tournament at Rochester where they played Alfred-Almon losing by a score of 38-31. Below is a list of games played and the players. Great credit was due to the skillful coaching of Roland Chapman whose zeal and enthus­ iasm was reflected in the players and encouraged them to fight through to victory. 199 Phoenix .______28-39 Gorham ______29-32 Cato ______11-31 Alfred-Almon ______·------38-31 Mexico __ ·- ·-- ______·--· ______25-48 Williamson ------·-·-·----·-- _ 27-25 Fair Haven ______25-38 Red Creek ______18-28 (2-14) 360-581 Port Byron ______19-33 Altmar _. ______·-·- 12-45 Players in the Championship Cato ·--· ------·--· ______18-34 Team: John Gifford, William Fair Haven ______16-58 Williams, William Hubbard, Red Creek __ ._ ___ )______14-33 Warren Darling, Ward Lyons, Altmar ______·---· ______20-38 Richard Calloway, George Scan- Port Byron ______32-38 Ion, Lee Crofoot, Fred Lock- Ovid ______28-30 wood, Charles Burgdorf. 1948-49 Varsity Basketball Team Members Coach-Logan White John Sennett, Harold Plummer, Francis Buttimer, Robert Wiltse, Harold Hopkins, John and Clarence Pierce, Donald Wallace. Junior-Varsity Donald Place, Donald Wormuth, James Lockwood, Donald Wilde, Charles Thompson, Adelbert York.

Hannibal High Scho;ors Championship Teams 1931 Baseball (won Spaulding trophy). Coach, Gordon Sturge. 1938 Baseball. Coach, Lloyd Tyler. 1939-40 Basketball (Tri-County League). Won Joe Charles trophy. Coach, Philip Chuff. 1940 Football (Tri-County League). Coach, Philip Chuff. 1940 Baseball (Class B Champions, Section 5). (Tri-County League). Coach, Philip Chuff. 1941 Football (Tri-County League). Coach, Roland Chapman. 1941-42 Basketball (Tri-County League). Section 5 finalist Class B. Coach, Roland Chapman. 1946 Baseball (Tri-County League). Coach, Lloyd Tyler. 1947 Baseball (Tri-County League). Coach, Lloyd Tyler. 1948 Baseball (Tri-County League). Coach, Logan White. 1949 Baseball (Tri-County League, Class "C"). Coach, Logan White.

200 Ha1111ihal Men in Wars

Revolution HOSE who ans,vered the call during our first war for inde­ T pendence were: Daniel Dunham, Silas Green (cousin of General Nathaniel Green of Revolutionary fame), Daniel Le,vis, Epaphus Loomis, Daniel Robinson and Henry Wiltse. War of 1812 Records show that 52 men from Hannibal fought in our sec­ ond war for independence: Chester Anderson, Cartright Blakeslee, Alanson Blodgett, Levi Blodgett, Ziba Blodgett, Captain Stephen Brace, James Breed, Ira Brooks, James Burt, Benjamin Chapman, Samuel Clark, Eli Collins, Julius Colton, John Cox, James D. Curtis, John Devine, William Dodd, Elijah Drury, Asa Dudley, John Elliott, Captain William Fullerton, Elihu Gifford, Hector Gillis, John Gillis, \Valter Gillis (a prisoner of war), Nathan Haven, William Hawks, William Hodgdon. Nathan Janes, David Johnson, John I(eeney, Roswell Lane, Benjamin Lewis, Smith Lockwood, George l\i1axwell, Israel Messenger, Jesse Owen, John K. Parks, A. Rice, Sr., Barnabas Rice, Levi Rudd, Samuel Sanders, James Schofield, Ira Smith, James Stevenson, William Stevenson, Jesse Van Horn, Abram Watson, Solomon Whipple, Elias Williams, Asa Winchell, Ab­ ner Wood. Mexican War Men serving from Hannibal were Joseph Demott and Lyman Hodgdon. Hodgdon was one of 13 out of 96 volunteers that left Oswego that lived to return; was wounded once, went through all the battles of the war, came home and died from disease contracted in the service the third day after his arrival. Hannibal Soldiers in Civil War The town of Hannibal promptly responded to the various calls for troops during the war of the Rebellion from 1861- 65. They made a record of which her citizens may well be proud. About 400 of her loyal sons served in the Union army and navy with distinction. Among those who obtained pro­ motion or brevet (honorary) rank were Capt. Isaac T. Brackett, 201 Co. F, 110th N. Y. Vol.; Capt. W. H. Brackett, Co: H, 81st N. Y. Vol.; Capt. E. H. Boyd, Co. F, 110th N. Y. Vol.; Major Isaac H. Peckham, 110th N. Y. Vol.; Dr. Alfred Rice, surgeon, 110th N. Y. Vol.; Dr. Phineas T. Rose, assistant surgeon of volunteers, and Rev. F. D. Seward, captain, 117th U. S. Colored Troops. Company F, 110th N. Y. Volunteers The recruiting started July, 1862, with the men being mus­ tered in on August 25, 1862. The county and state each gave $50 bonuses to each man enlisted. Hannibal had 77 such in the 110th N. Y. Volunteers. The regiment proceeded to Baltimore, Maryland, from there to New Or leans, then to Port Hudson, returning to N e,v Or­ leans, then to Camp Bisland, then to Port Hudson where they lost several men before the capture of the Port in July, 1863. After Port Hudson fell, the regiment returned to New Orleans, then to Sabine Pass and joined General Banks' Red River ex­ pedition. From there they went to Dry Tortugas and in August, 1865, the regiment was mustered out. Company B, 48th Regt. N. G. S. N. Y. This company, which had its headquarters in the village of Hannibal, was organized and mustered into the State service on September 4, 1864, with these commissioned officers: Wil­ liam H. Wiggins, captain; William O'Connor, first lieutenant; Seth Barrus, second lieutenant. Captain Wiggins resigned in 1865 and Mr. O'Connor was chosen to fill the vacancy, Dr. George V. Emens being elected first lieutenant. D. F. Acker became second lieutenant in August, 1870. In July, 1871, the company vvas reorganized and the following officers were elected: Dr. Dillon F. Acker, captain; Dr. G. V. Emens, first lieutenant; Lemuel P. Storms, second lieutenant. At this time nearly all the members were veterans of the Rebellion. Dr. Acker was promoted to assistant surgeon of the regiment in November, 1872, and in February, 1873, L. P. Storms was chosen captain and Joseph Albring became second lieutenant. The company was disbanded with the regiment in 1882. Hannibal Civil War Veterans (1861-65) Hiram Abbott, D. F. Acker, Horace Acker (first man in regiment killed in battle), *W. H. Acker, Cornelius Adan1y, +Joseph Albring (corporal and sergeant), George Allen, Hezekiah Allen, John Allen (died of disease contracted in service Oct. 8, 1865, age 42), Geo. W. Ar­ nold, i-Loren Austin, Edward Aylesworth (died from wounds received in battle of Gettysburg). J. M. Bailey, Erastus M. Baker, *Henry Baker, *Monroe Baker, 0. W. Baker, Wm. Baker, tW. H. Baker, George Barlow, Samuel Baldwin, Elijah Barner, James Barner, *Riverous Barner, *Stephen Barner, ------·------* I lierii-;onPr of ,var. ~KillPd in action. 202 --- Barner (missing at Cold Harbor), S. W. Barnes, Orlando Barrett (died from disease contracted in the service), David Barrie, E. Bassett (missing at Antietam), J. A. Baxter, *T. J. Beebe, Ethan Bennett, Ezra R. Bennett, Levi Bennett, §T. H. Bentley (corporal). Wm. Bickley, Chas. Billhardt, Edw. Billhardt, tJ. J. Bingham, Henry Bishop (missing at Cold Harbor), Lewis Blake, Michael Blake, tNich­ olas Boom, Wm. Boom, Isaac Borst, David Bothwell, Capt. E. H. Boyd, Bvt. Capt. Isaac T. Brackett, J. W. Brackett, Bvt. Capt. W. H. Brackett, t~:Nicholas Bradley, +Albert N. Bradt, Wm. Bradt, Henry Brennan, J as. Brennan, :j:J ohn Brennan, Michael Brennan, Wm. Brennan. Cicero Brinck, Edw. Brinck, John Broderick, Daniel E. Brown, Jerry Brown, Wm. Brown (died from disease contracted in service), A. Z. Buck, C. S. Buck, W. W. Buck, *Robert Burnside, *Samuel Burnside, Wm. Burnside, Henry Burr, Charles F. Burt, *George M. Butler, tWm. Butler, *Chas. A. Byington, Andrew Byrne, Bradford F. Byrne, Her­ bert J. Byrne, J. A. Byrne. T. Cady, Peter J. Caris, George Carpenter, Wm. Carter, Nile Case, Wm. Castilies, Oscar G. Chapman, Dyer Chappell, John Chappell, Wm. Chappell, Frank Chase (died in service with discharge under pillow), Stephen Chase, Charles Chilson (died in Salisbury prison about Christ­ mas, 1865), tWaters Chilson, Lyman Church (died in hospital after re­ ceiving discharge), James Clark, John Clark, Milton Clark, Stephen Clark, tSylvester Clark, Thomas Clark, Wm. F. Clark, *Jeremiah Cole, §Rev. D. A. Cook (father of Henry and Ziba), Henry J. Cook (killed in battle near Richmond), Ziba Cook (killed in front of Petersburg), *Chas. W. Cooper, Ed. Cooper, James Cooper, Peter W. Cooper, George Cox, Martin Cox, Moulton D. Cox, John C. Crofoot, Silas D. Crofoot, *Chauncey A. Cummings, Wm. Curtis. Henry A. Dada, tWillis Dada, Verona L. Dada, Ira Darling, Charles Deacons, Garrett Deacons, E. G. Demott, Joseph Demott, Theodore Demott, *Asa Dibble, *Ira Dibble, Richard Dibble, *Seneca Dibble, Wm. Dibble, Wm. Dickson, Milton Dodge, Patrick Dolan, Thomas Do­ lan (first man of his regiment to be killed), t:j:James Donnelly, James Doris, Dennis Doris, Edward Drake, Alfred Draper, tJames Draper, Robert Draper, Frank Dudley, tMoses A. Dumas (lost a leg), *Thomas Dunton. *John Eaton, tNicholas Ecker, *Edward Eggleston, 1:j:Augustus Eld­ ridge, Eli Emigh. tGeorge Fairchilds, *Mason D. Farnham, John Fender, Robert S. Fender, Aaron Ferry, Herbert Finehout, W. H. Finehout, George Fiske, *Charles Follett, Albert M. Fox, *Alfred H. Fox, Charles H. Fox, Chris­ topher Frear, Leander Fuller. Alexander Galloway, Andrew Galloway, Larmon Galloway, Wm. H. Galloway (captured), S. D. Gardner, Smith Gary, William Gault, An­ drew German, :j:Alanson Gifford, *James Gifford, Austin Gillett, *Charles A. Gillis, Philos C. Glover, M. A. Godfrey, tJames Goodell (lost an arm), +Wm. R. Gore, Griffin D. Green, John Green, Ogden N. Green, Albert M. Guernsey. tJohn Hallum, Wallace Hannibal, Charles Hannum, Warren D. Han­ num, Joseph J. Hatch. James A. Haven, William H. Haven, Eleazear Ha,vkins, Ledery HavJkins, :j:James A. Hawks, Moses Hawks, David A. Hendrick, Anthony P. Hampe, John Hampe, Wm. Hornbostle, Charles D. Horton, William Howard, William H. Howell, Orrin D. Huick, Al­ mon Hulett, Arnold Hulett, Elmer Hulett, Mrs. Elmer Hulett (died of fever), Benjamin Hull, *Halsey Hutcheson, John Hutcheson (killed at Fair Oaks while sick in hospital), :j:James Hyatt, Jerome Hyatt, Willett L. Hyatt. +Henry James, John Jeffrys, George Johnson, +John J. Keeney, Thomas Kennedy, William Kennedy, C.H. Keyes, Abrain Kilmer, Wm. H. Kilmer, tOtis Kipp, Julius A. Knapp, John Kope. *Chandler D. La bolt, James Lake, l\-1:ott Lake, John Lalone, Leman 203 Larrabee, George A. Leonard, Simon Leroy, --- Leroy, :j:Thomas Lester, James Lyman. t .Dennis McCarthy, J. J. McDougall, John W. McFarland, Theodore Madelung, Albert G. Maltby, *Albert Marback, Alexander Marback, Michael Marback, Sidney Marlett, Major General Eli Matson, Chas. E. Matteson (died while in Andersonville prison), Wellington Matteson, *:j:Wm. H. Matteson, Chas. W. Maze (supposed to have been killed by guerrillas), George Merritt, George Miller, §--- Miller, John Milli­ gan, Elbert Montanye, James l\lontgomery, James H. Morehouse, Sam­ uel Mosher, Peter Myres (or Myers). _ Wm. Naracon, A1vah Nichols, Wm. Nightengale, Chauncey A. Nims, +Erastus Norton, *Giles Norton, J. C. Norton, Levi Norton, *Wm. Norton. John Oakley, :j:Wm. O'Connor, Chas. O'Neil, Edward J. O'Neil,*David H. O'Prey, tWm. O'Prey, Mark Ostrander, Michael Ott. George W. Palmer, *John Palmer, ·:·Jonas Palmer, *Morgan Palmer, S?.ndford L. Palmer, George Palmatier, John L. Parks, Eli Parsons, W. H. Parsons, *Alphonzo Patchin, Byron Patchin, Wrn. Patten, Henry Pattison, :j:Orrin Pattison, H. A. Peckham, *Henry J. Peckham, Isaac H. Peckham. John A. Perkins, John C. Peters, Myron C. Peters, Willie Phelps, Henry Phillips, Franklin R. Pierce (missing at Spottsylvania), tWil­ lard Pierce, Luman Pinckney, Alansan Pollay, Edward Powers, R. A. Powers, Calvin Freeman, Alexander Proudfit, George Pulsifer, Jacob Putnam. Lyman Randall, *Norton Randall, Amos Reed, Dwight Reed, Edward Reed, *Dwight Rhoades, Alfred Rice, tI-Iorace N. Rice, Wm. E. Roch, Eugene Rose, Phineas T. Rose, :j:Wm. Rose, Ira L. Rowe, :j:J ohn Rowe, George Rowland, *H. Rowland, Alvin H. Rudd. Wm. Sabins, Joseph Safford, George Sanders, John M. Schoonmaker, tP. M. Schoonmaker, R. A. Schoonmaker, Burr M. Scott, Rev. F. D. Seward, George W. Shaff, N. Shattuck, Alfred Shutts, Emery Shutts, +Erwin Shutts, Robert Simpson, J. H. Skinner, :j:Chauncey A. Smith, George Smith, Harvey W. Smith, Albert Snyder, Henry Snyder, John H. Snyder, S. Southard, tN. D. Spade, Joseph Spein, Joshua Spicker­ man, Joel Sprague, Lemuel P. Storms, Alfred N. Strong, Walter Sturge. Parker Tallman, *Albert J. Teague, *James Teague, Elisha Teller, Isaac Teller, Lewis B. Teller, Reuben Terpening, Wallace Terpening, *A. C. Thompson, Stephen M. Titus, *G. Traver, Henry Trombley, *Jabez Tuttle. *Clarence Van Auken, *Hiram Van Auken, George Van Pelton, J. J. Van Pelton, Elias Van Vleck, Robert Van Vleck, Ulysses G. Van Vleck, Silas Vermilyea. John H. Wallace, Hu~h 1\1. Ward, Henry Warner, James Warner, Dennis Weaver (lost overboard from transport coming north from New Orleans), Henry Welling, §Julius Westgate, James Wetherhead, Albert B. Wheeler, Martin Wheeler, *John Whelen, Benjamin White, Captain Horac.e White, tJoel Whiting, Fort Wilber, Albert J. Williams, Frank Williamson, Charles H. Wilson. James G. Wilson, William R. Wilson, Frank R. Wiltse, Ransom Wiltse, Sandford Wiltse, tRiley Wormer, Joseph Worden, A. V. Young, Peter Young. Hannibal's Civil War Casualties Killed in action ------______8 Died from disease ______5 Died in the service (disease and other causes) ______54 Missing in action ______4 Wounded ______28 204 Drowned ______1 Prisoner of war ______21

Total 121 TO ALL WHOM IT IVIA Y CONCERN Know ye that Julius Knapp has been honorably discharged and re­ turned. CORP. JULIUS A. KNAPP Enlisted at Wolcott, N. Y., Oct. 1, 1861 as private in Co. F. 75th Regt. N. Y. Vol. Inf. to serve three years. Re-enlisted Dec. 31, 1863 in same Co. and Regt. The Regt. under Co. J. A. Dodge served in 2nd. Brig. 1st Div. 19th Corps later in the Shenandoah Valley and participated in the following battles: Donaldsonville, La. __ ------______Oct. 25, 1862 Georgia Landing ______Oct. 27, 1862 Bayou Teche ______Jan. 13, 1863 Gunboat Cotton ______Jan. 14, 1863 Patterson ville ______A pr. 11, 1863 Ft. Brisland ______Apr. 12-13, 1863 Plain Store ______Apr. 21, 1863 Ft. Hudson ______May 23-July 8, 1863 Bayou La Fourche ______July 13, 1863 Sabine Pass, Texas ______Sept. 8, 1863 Red River Campaign ______March IO-May 22, 1864 Pleasant Hill ______Apr. 7-9, 1864 Morganza, La. ______May 24, 1864 Deep Bottoni ______------______July 2 7 -29, 1864 Winchester, Va. ------______Sept. 19, 1864 Fisher's Hill ______Sept. 22, 1864 Cedar Creek ____ ------Oct. 19, 1864 Was taken sick with fever and sent to St. Louis Hospital, New Orleans, La. where he remained two months. After his re-enlistment served as chief saddler in the 19th Army Corps and was honorably discharged as such at Savannah, Ga., June 23, 1865 by reason of Gen­ eral Order. A picture of the Easel shaped monument bearing the personal record of Corp. Julius A. Knapp was presented by him Oct. 20, 1895 to his wife Emeri t S. CIVIL WAR FOUGHT BY THE YOUNG MEN The fact is that the war was fought, at least on the Northern side, by boys. Of the 2,159,798 enlisted there were only 46,626 who were over twenty-five years old. The official figures of the age at enlistment in the civil war were read in the House of Representatives. They are as follows: Those 10 years and younger ------·------25 Those 11 years and under ------38 Those 12 years and under ------______225 Those 13 years and under ------· ------300 Those 14 years and under ------1,523 Those 15 years and under ------104,987 Those 16 years and under ------231,051 Those 17 years and under ------844,891 Those 18 years and under ______------1,151,438 Those 21 years, and under these two classes, make the total number of enlistments 2,159,798. Those 22 years, and over these two classes, make a total number of 681,511. Those 25 years and over 46,662. 205 It will be noticed from this statement that the greatest number of enlistments were boys of 18 and under. In a great number of cases they were twenty, some of them reaching the rank of captain. "Boys of Sixty-one" is a literal expression of the truth and not metaphorical.­ Star Herald. Decoration Day. 1877 The day was ob~erved in this village with appropriate ceremonies, and we believe in a commendable manner by the citizens of this town. The committee who had the matter in charge succeeded admirably in the work assigned them, and, with the cooperation and untiring energy displayed by the ladies of the village, the whole arrangement was a complete success, and the programn1e as heretofore published fully carried out. About 1 o'clock P. M., Co. B. 48th Reg. N. Y. Vol. began to as­ semble at their armory in Union Hall, which was also the rendezvous for the veterans of the last war, who had assembled to the number of about 40. At 2 o'clock the procession was formed in front of Union Hall where a very large number of people had congregated for that purpose. At 2:15 the procession took its line of n1arch up Church St. to the M. E. Church, where the oration was to be delivered, in the following or­ der. 1st, Co. B. 48th Reg. N. G. preceded by a band of martial music. 2nd, Dr. A. Rice, President of the Day, accompanied by Rev. H. M. Danforth, the orator, and the clergy of the village, immediately follow­ ed by a company of 42 veterans, each having a blue badge attached to the lapel of his coat, and bearing a bouquet of beautiful flowers in his hands, which were to be placed upon the graves of their departed comrades. Next in order came the citizens, and a goodly number they were, there being not less than 600. The church was beautifully decora­ ted with large National colors on all sides, elegantly festooned, inter­ spersed with wreaths of flowers. Near the altar a very fine monument, about 10 feet high was erected, upon which was inscribed the names of 31 Hannibal's sons, who had given their lives to sustain the honor of their country. The monument was beautifully decorated with flowers, and gave tone and beauty to the occasion. Upon arriving at the church, the exercises were opened by a song from the choir, after which a portion of Scripture was read by Rev. W. F. Brown, followed by another song by the choir. Rev. J. N. Tolman then made a very fervent prayer to the throne of Grace, followed by a very beautiful poem, which was read by Mrs. Helen Ernens. President Rice then introduced to the vast audience Rev. H. M. Danforth, of Fulton, the orator of the day, who, in an earnest, forcible and eloquent address, entertained the congrega­ tion for upwards of an hour. Although the heat in the church was ex­ treme, still the congregation did not tire. At the conclusion of the ad­ dress, President A. Rice, in his good natured, happy style, read the following Ode, gotten up for the occasion by our former townsman, Mr. Amos Farnham, now a resident of Charleston, S. C.

ODE Brother, again we come Our Immortelles to bring .A.nd deck each Silent tomb With friendship's offering. Your rest is low and sweet Beneath each grassy mound; Here lie the march-worn feet Within the camping-ground. 206 Some of our comrades sleep Far in the South-land bowers But in our hearts we keep Them strewn with fadeless flowers. We hold your Memories green; Eyes still are moist for you, Though years have passed between This and your last "review." Our Banner's red-your blood­ Its White-your spotless lives­ Its blue-leaves holy ties- Wave o'er our brotherhood. Sleep, brothers, calmly Sleep; Our offerings with your stay, While in our hearts we keep ONE DECORATION DAY. May 15th, 1877. A. W. Farnham. The exercises at the church were concluded by the congregation singing "America," which was just glorious. The procession again formed and proceeded to the cemetery, when the veterans marched from grave to grave, stopping at each and decor­ ating the same, after which the veterans and guards marched to the Hall and were dismissed. It is estimated that not less than 2,000 people ,vere present on the occasion. A large number of friends from towns of Ira, Sterling and Oswego were present to help in doing honor to the dead. In conclusion we desire to say that the ladies and gentlemen who have labored long and faithfully in making and carrying out the ar­ rangements so completely and satisfactorily, are entitled to the thanks of the community for their success. We cannot and would not if we could, single any one individual out of the many who were instrumen­ tal in carrying forward the grand enterprise of last Wednesday; all are entitled to the highest credit, and we have no doubt that hereafter, as year follows year, the observance of Decoration day will be one of the few days that the people of this happy country will lay aside business, and devote the day in assembling in the various cemeteries of the country and there offer up the beautiful tribute to the dead by decorat­ ing the graves of the departed with wreaths of God's beautiful flowers. "Four hundred thousand noble men The brave, the good, the true; On battle-plain, or mountain glen, Lie dead for me and you. Rest, comrades, rest and sleep; The thoughts of men should be As sentinels to keep Your rest from danger free. Your silent tents of green We deck with fragrant flowers Yours has the suffering been, The Memory be ours."

Post No. 447, G. A. R., Officers Elected December. 1901 0. A. Kipp, commander; A. L. Eldridge, senior vice-com­ mander; John Kennedy, junior vice-commander; Dr. D. F. 207 •-:., --.:-~ I, =~-.. 14' ~ .....-:: -!~-- -~ -.. -: :.. • I, :: ~ -....-="' -i.

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208 Acker, surgeon; John H. Baker, chaplain; J. M. Sprague, quar­ termaster; E. B. Tucker, officer of the day; Eli Emigh, officer of the guard; Joseph Albring, trustee for three years; D. F. Acker, delegate to State Encampment. Hannibal G. A. R. Auxiliary. Post No. 447 The G. A. R. Auxiliary of Post No. 447 was organized about 1901 or 1902. It was active for about 15 years. In order to be a member one had to be a daughter or \Vife of a Civil War veteran. Mrs. Helen Tucker was the first president, followed by Mrs. Anna Montgomery with Ella Curtis secretary and Cornelia Sanders treasurer. Other officials were Libbie Pratt, patriotic instructor; Seville Draper, conductress; Mrs. Alice Chamber­ lain, pianist. The third president was Seville Draper and the fourth Mrs. Alice Chamberlain. Mary Kennedy was chosen to head the Auxiliary at the next election. Mrs. Chamberlain always remembers the Auxiliary meetings because of the de­ licious baked beans and the smell of strong coffee. Mrs. Chamberlain has the bugle which her father ble,v as a bugler for the local Post. Meetings were held over Lloyd Cooper's store now owned by William Shutts and operated as a restaurant. Decoration Day Program. May. 1916 The following events have been arranged by the members of the Local Post, G. A. R. for Sunday evening, May 28th to be held at 7 :30 p. m. in the M. E. church. The annual sermon to the veterans and their friends by the Rev. Willis Haven will be given on Tuesday afternoon, May 30th, at two o'clock, at the M. E. church. The program for Decora­ tion day is as fallows: Prayer-Rev. Jacob Hann. The Meaning of the day-Frances Rice. Solo-Mabel Eckard. The Little Army-Duane Fullerton, Harold Metcalf, Mahlon Matteson, Charles Kranze, Ned Babcock. Quartette-Messrs. Bradt, Cox, Powers, Wells. Memorial Day-Doro thy Little. Piano Solo-Florence Liggett. The Soldier's Reprieve-Marion Wiltse. Memorial Exercise-Madeleine Hill, Mildred Cooper. Decoration day Song-Eleanor Lockwood, Helen Mills. The Blue and the Gray-Ethel Hiney. Quartette. Benediction-Rev. W. H. Liggett. The members of the G. A. R. are requested to meet at the lodge rooms Sunday and Tuesday, one half hour before the program and march in a body to the church. On Tuesday the teachers and pupils of the rural and village schools are invited to meet at the school build­ ing at 1 :30 and march in a body to the church where seats will be reserved. The services Sunday evening will be a union of all three churches. By order of 0. A. Kipp, Commander Local Post G. A. R. 209 Veterans of Spanish-American War (1898) John Becker, Charles E. Hannibal (Fairdale cemetery), Daniel Welling, Fred Powers. Hannibal World War I Veterans The following men went overseas: Stanley Little, Worden Chamberlain, Frapk Kennedy, Henry Reed (killed in action in the Argonne sector) (Fairdale cemetery), Robert Reed, Ward Sturge, *John Broderick, Francis Green (made 13 round trips to France), Jay Chillson, Charles Chillson, Winfred Welling, George Shutts, *Lloyd Ball, I van Blake, *Roy Hammond (Fair­ dale cemetery), Harry Cummins, Ward Shortslef, Raymond Jerrett, James W. Temple, *Benjamin Rogers. Others vvho served were: *Carl Kincaid, Frank Day, Percy Yarrow, Fred Milligan, *Clarence LaBaugh, *Lloyd Palmer, Hugh Sturge, Joseph Hines, George Hammond, Lloyd Ham­ mond, Charles Morrell, John Temple, *Harvey Bradley, Mau­ rice Wiltse, Lester Crofoot, Herbert Chase, Ray Engle, Coe Engle, John Blake, Stanley S. Blake, Charles Cummins, Orlo N. Rogers, Allen Lockwood, Elston Ecker, Leon Palmer, Leslie Parsons, John Liddle, William Pardee, Walter Showers, Arthur Weldon, Philip Appleton, Ralph Dunning, Edward Waldron, George Farnham, Harry Hunter, Robert Pettigrue, Winfred Pettigrue, Karl Wormuth, Lawrence Taber, Robert l\!Ietcalf, Merle Metcalf. WORLD WAR II VETERANS Hannibal and Vicinity Enlistments Ernest Adamy, Donald W. Baker, Jack Barry, Lawrence Barry, Roger Battles, Robert Besaw, William Blake, Robert Blake, Fred C. Brett, George Broderick, James S. Burt. Edward J. Calkins, Roland G. Chapman, Donald Chillson, George W. Chillson, Ray Ciaccia, Clarence Collett (dead), David Cooper, Charles Allen Cox, Rayn1ond J. Crego, Arthur E. Crofoot, Dewey V. Crofoot, Lester Lee Crofoot, Verne Crofoot (dead). Harold Warren Darling, Merwin Davidson (twice wounded), Louis Deloff, Bernard Dennison, Francis Dennison, Harold Denni­ son, Benjamin DiBello, Daniel DiBello, John DiBello, Robert DiBello, Erwin Donovan, Seth Durbin. Robert Emmons, Earl Engle, Theron Engle, Carl Fowler, Courtney Fowler, John Fragale, James Gannon, Joseph Gannon, Fred Garbus, Francis 0. Garrison, Claude Gary, Robert Gordon Gault, William B. Gault, John Gifford, Cedric A. Goodman, Robert W. Goodman, Leon­ ard Gove. Charles Halstead, Fred Halstead, David Halstead, Howard Halstead, Richard Hart, Harry Hendricks Jr., George Horton, Raymond B. Hovey, William Hubbard, Kenneth Hutchinson, Harry Inch, James Ingison. Earl James, Jesse Jarnes, Karl S. Kellogg, Stanley Kellogg, Richard J. Kitts, Theodore Kitts, Allen 0. Keysor, Kermit Keysor, James Lamie, Joseph V. Lamie (German prisoner), Fred Lockwood, Fred S.

210 Lockwood, Harris Lockwood, Frank Lockwood, Robert Lockwood, Harry Lockwood, Ward Lyons. Donald Keeney. Philip S. McCarthy, Lyle F. McGlen, Harry McFarland, Charles McMillen, Clarence R. McMillen, Ray McMillen, John Malone, Leo Malone, Philip Malone, Ray Malone, William D. Malone. George Mansfield, Richard Mansfield, Robert Mansfield, Harold Matthews, Russell Matthews, Louis C. Marley Jr., Ray Martin (wound­ ed), Theodore Martin, Warren Martin (wounded), Wilbur Martin, Howard Merkley, Vincent Merz, Joseph Miano, Archie Miller (dead), Clarence Miller, Daniel C. Mills, Roy W. Mills, Maurice Moody. George Nelson, George Norton, Francis L. O'Grady, Richard O'Grady, Maurice Parsons (wounded), James Patane, Myron Patane, Joseph Penkala, Allen D. Perkins, George Perkins, James Perkins, Dwight Phelps, Clayton Poormon, Nathan Poormon, Harry D. Powers (German prisoner), Richard G. Prior (dead), William Prior, John Pur­ ington. Albert Reed, John M. Rice, Edward J. Roe, Charles Rogers, Russell R. Rogers (wounded), William Romanoff. Francis Scanlon, George Scanlon, Riley Scott, Percy Shaw, Clarence Seippel, John Sherman Jr., Melvin Sherman, Sam Sherman, William Sherman, Bernard W. Shoults, Hugh Showers, Bernard Shutts, Clif­ ford F. Shutts (dead), Harry E. Shutts, James Shutts (Merchant Marine), John R. Shutts, Donald E. Sidman, Leo Sidman, George E. Smith, Benjamin Stock (dead), Elliot W. Stock, Samuel W. Stock, William W. Stock (dead), George Stuber, Charles Stupp, Edmond Swynger. James Terramiggi (Terramicci), Gordon W. Thompson, William E. Thompson (dead), Oliver Tompkins, Duane Van Dusen, Lewis Van Wie, George F. Vodek. Homer Walker, Allen Warner, Charles Warner, Ernest M. Welling, Jack Welling, Donald R. Wheeler, Thomas Whitney, Robert Whitney, Verne Wilde, Gordon Wilder, Howard M. Wilson, Kenneth Winter, Leon M. Woodworth. Note-Jack Porter, son of Leon Porter, formerly of Hanni­ bal, was born here. He was killed in the war. Willard Brown, son of Floyd Brown of Hannibal and St. Petersburg, Florida, died of wounds. Francis Roden, of Mart ville, was a German prisoner. The following boys were believed to have served from this area but little information seems available about them: Jerrv Martin, Philip Norwell, George Reynolds, Arthur Ritchie, Franklyn Warner and Joseph Vasta. The following young people served in the armed forces dur­ ing or after the second war. They attended Hannibal High School at one time or another. Many of these people will be claimed by other draft boards but this list shows former pupils who served their country. Kenneth Carley, Jack Clancy, Frank DiBello, Raymond Duncan, Richard Dunham, Leon Harris, Wesley Hawkins, George Hendrick:.\ Roger Kellogg, Robert LeClair, Thomas Lockwood, Donald Marley, Harold Prior, Claude Rowe, John Thompson, Bruce Upcraft. Orris Andrews, Frederick Andrews, Harvey Anthony (dead), Robert Avery, Edward Babcock, Victor Baitsell, Theodore Baldwin, Donald Bartholomew, Robert Blais, Arthur Boyce, Harold Broderick. Samuel Cali, Richard Calloway, Floyd Carter, Edwin T. Cole, Gor­ don Crandell, Lyle Dennick, Carlyle Dugan. 211 Erwin Earle (wounded and a ·German prisoner), Gerald Earle, Leonard Earle, Cyril Ecker, Ralph Ecker Jr., Miles Fairley, Donald Farden, Edward Ferguson, Vito Fodera, Gordon Fowler. Raymond Greenwood, Fay Guernsey, Levi Guinup, Fayne Haggett, Milton Heckert, Howard Hensel, Gerald Horton, Hubert Hutchins. Parnell L. Irland (dead), Carlyle Irwin, Ralph Keeling, Clifford Kel­ logg, Paul Keysor, John Kitts, Edward Lamie, Worden Lewis, Earl Longley. Bernard Malan<:,, Carl Maroney, Elmer Marr, John McEachron, Winfield McEachron, Franklin McGlen, Winfield McMillen, John Mor­ rell, Leslie Morrell, Theodore N age 1. Woodward Perkins, Rowland Randall, Paul Riley, Clifford Robinson, Arthur Shortslef, Gordon Shutts, Gilbert Simmons, Roy Smith Jr., Clair Stowell, William Strowbridge (wounded), Carol Sturge (retired naval officer), Charles Sturge. Charles Teachout, Kenneth Teachout, Michael Van Patten, Arthur Waldron, Michael Wasson, Joseph Wayman, Harvey Webster (wound­ ed), Joseph Webster, Robert Wheeler, Harold Wilde. Margaret Buttimer, Dorothy I-Iall, Lenore Kitts, Louise Cooper, Ina Crofoot, Janice Gault, Katherine Gault, June Goodman, Bertha Hal­ lows, Phyllis Ecker, Gwendolyn Ecker, Norma Sturge. ITINERARY OF BENJAMIN STOCK Radio Gunner from HannibaL N. Y ., Killed in Action in World War II on April 25, 1944 Herington Air Base, Herington, Kansas-Nov. 20, 1943 to Nov. 22, 1943. Morrison Field, West Palm Beach, Florida-Nov. 30, 1943 to Dec. 2, 194;j. Borinquen Field, Porto Rico-Dec. 2, 1943 to Dec. 3, 1943. Waller Field, Trinidad-Dec. 3, 1943 to Dec. 4, 1943. Belem Air Base A. T. C., Belem, Brazil-Dec. 4, 1943 to Dec. 5, 1943. Natal Air Base A. T. C., Natal, Brazil-Dec. 5, 1943 to Dec. 7, 1943. Eknes Field, Dakar, French W. Africa-Dec. 7, 1943 to Dec. 12, 1943. Marakech Air Base A. T. C., Marakech, F. W. Africa-Dec. 12, 1943 to Dec. 15, 1943. Chateaudun-Du Rhumel, Italian Morocco, Africa-Dec. 15, 1943 to Dec. 17, 1943. Tunis Air Base A. T. C., Tunis, Africa-Dec. 17,)943 to Dec. 20, 1943. Manduria A. A. B., :rvlanduria, Italy-Dec. 20, 1943. Approximately 65 hrs. flying time coming over. Manduria flight time until start of missions-approximately 30 hours. Combat Mission Hours and Diary 1st-Thur. Jan 13, 1944-5½ hrs. Air Base in Northern Italy (Frag bomb). Did not find target dropped in sea (some flak). 2nd-Fri. Jan. 14, 1944----4¾ hrs. Air Base & city in So. Yugoslavia (Mostar). Graham's crew missing -heavy flak-few number of fighters-two planes caught fire came in 15th crashed at Foggia-all safe 746 with Davis. 3rd-Sat. Jan. 15, 1944-6¾ hrs. Marshalling yards Prato No. Italy 4-target not hit-only by 4-our formation returned. Purple heart awarded to 2 hurt day before. Mis­ sion did not count-Hervey and Tate in 7 46. 4th-Sun. Jan. 16, 1944-7 hrs. Harbor and city in Laro, Italy-good hits and damage done-23rd lost 1 ship-2 ME 109's shot down. Brown and crew hit the silk over 212 enemy waters-4 gunners hurt-bomb report got through successfully -flew 746 with Snaith-city showered -,,.,,ith bombs-Gottlieb got ves­ sel-our crew. 5th-Mon. Jan. 17, 1944-5 ½ hrs. Marshalling yards in Arezzo, Italy-did not find target-weather bad-mission did not count-746 with Davis-Hervey-Tate-Kings­ man-Barthelmy. 6th-Tue. Jan. 18, 1944-6¾ hrs. Pisa, ltaly-railyards, warehouses & city-great damage done, Davis -Hervey-Tate-Kingsman-Barthelmy-some fighters and very little flak-mission counts. Wednesday the 19th-day off. 7th-Thur. Jan. 20, 1944-5½ hrs. Air field in Guirdonia, Italy (fraggs) plenty of flak-two nests fired on us-one chunk cut off my heated suit cord-another cut thru my coveralls and OD's-stung like the devil-but did not break the skin­ all ships back-no one hurt. Our crew in 222 Deuces Wild Col 746 -no fighters bothered us but pilot saw dogfight. 8th-Fri. Jan. 21, 1944-7 hrs. Marshallin~ yards at Prato, Italy-no flak, no fighters-found tar­ get but unable to see it due to heavy mass of white clouds-dropped bombs at edge of cloud formation-Demos-our crew in 227-Davis and Graham's crew in 746. Sat. Jan. 22, 1944. 746 forced to land on Corsica Island with Salingers crew-day off for us. 9th-Sun. Jan. 23, 1944. Air base-Italy. Our crew in Yankee Fury 109 landed early, due to No. 1 engine difficulty-was to knock out landing strips which would stop enemy from hindering our BIG INVASION No. Rome. 10th-Mon. Jan. 24, 1944. Air base and hangers in Sofia. Bulgaria-about ½ hr. over coast­ line-10 or 12 ME 109's came in from 1 o'clock-whizzed between our ship and right wing plane-212 hit and left formation with Tandy, Murphy & crew. Tail gunner Robinson killed. Landed in 376 Lecce­ our crew in 222 Deuces Wild-I-23rd plane lost-T. A. Scott landed without brakes and hydraulic system shot out. 622 landed with bomb­ bay doors hanging and no brakes-primary target closed in-second­ ary hit and demolished. (oil tanks and railroad yards) P-38 escort. Tue. 1/25/44 day off went to Lecce. Wed. 1/26/44 day off. 11th-Thur. Jan. 27, 1944-10114 hrs. Air base Istre-Le Tube air field at Marseilles, France. Primary tar­ get hit very well-saw some fighters but none attacked us-592 hit by flak and went down-six men bailed out as seen (Wendell's crew)­ plane blew up before crashing into water-flak was heavy over target -some of it red-sky full of aircraft-115 B-17's counted at one time -2 groups of 24's besides ours flew in Pippin's place with Davis in 604-P-38 escort. 12th-Jan. 28, 1944-6 hrs. Railyard at Ferrara, Italy. Target hit fairly well-No escort-No flak and no fighters. Our crew in 222. 13th-Sat. Jan. 29, 1944-6½ hrs. Marshalling yards at Siena, Italy. Unable to see target due to heavy overcast. Bombs dropped at ETA. Ours were not released. as Col. Hoover did not see any use. Davis-Hervey,Kingsman-Bartlemy in 604. No flak or fighters encountered. Back at Manduria blue 5 could not get right landing gear down-hydraulic system out. 8 of crew hit 213 the silk over field and plane with pilot and co-pilot went to another field to land. Sun. Jan. 30, 1944. Did not fly. 14th Mon. Jan. 31, 1944-7 hrs. Airdrome in Aviano, Italy-target hit successfully. Hangars and adm. buildings destroyed. Runways damaged. About twelve fighters around us. Some came in. Approx. 3 shot down-others damaged. One P-47 pilot hit the silk over target. Flak quite heavy and accurate. 449th lost plane with Grp. C. 0. Capt. Wicks 723d Co. died of flak wounds same niglnt. Our planes returned in good condition. Our crew in 448 "Bottoms Up." Tuesday-Feb. 1, 1944. Day off-went to Manduria. Wednesday-Feb. 2, 1944. Day off-went to Lecce. Thursday-Feb. 3, 1944. Did not fly. Stayed in camp. 15th-Feb. 4, 1944-5½ hrs. Sub-pens in Toulon, France-Got short ways north of Rome-ran into some flak. No fighters-no escort. 98th, 376th, 449th, 450th. grps. Our crew in 224. Turned back due to heavy overcast and weather. Feb. 5-6-7-8-9th. Did not fly-mostly due to bad weather. 16th-Feb. 10, 1944-4½ hrs. City of Valmontona, Italy-just north of new invasion pt. and beach head. Wipe German concentrations from this city. Unable to see target due to heavy overcast, but got some flak-no damage-"Sortie" type mission. Our crew in 224. Feb. 11-12-13. Didn't fly-bad weather. 17th-Feb. 14, 1944. Marshalling yards & rail junctions in Verona, Italy-main target not hit due to overcast-Montova (secondary) hit fairly well-flak galore and also fighters 109's and 190's-cold as hell-P-38 escort-flew with Davis-Vorhies in 603-P-P ship. Feb. 15. Did not fly. 17th-Feb. 16, 1944-6 hrs. M/Y at Pontassiene, No. Italy-good mission-target hit fairly well -overcast except over target-no flak-no fighters-very cold-got frost bite on right cheek-grounded for 2 days-did not fly the 17th but some went on mission near beachhead. T. A. Scott's crew hit the silk over the beachhead and reported OK-flak very heavy and in­ tense by reports-minor injuries to some crew members. Feb. 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 1944. No flying. 18th-Feb. 22, 1944-1 ½ hrs. Regensburg, Germany A/C factory-turned back due to engine trouble-Reno's crew shot down-other Sqds. lost some too-fighters and flak galore by all reports-flew with Salingerd Clark. Would have been 2. 19th-Feb. 23, 1944-3 hrs. Styer-Austria A/C factory-turned back due to difficulty in lo­ cating the formation-our crew in 746-5 crews missing-Vorhies, Pippins with Blim shot down-several men injured-fighters and flak galore-would have been 2. No flying on the 24th. 17th & 18th- Feb. 25, 1944-9 ¼ hrs. Regensburg, Germany A/C plant and assembly buildings-target 214 hit very successfully-encountered about 10 fighters and flak galore -746 went down in Yugoslavia-our crew in 603 with Lt. Col. Gideon and Hervey. No flying on the 26, 27, 28. Went to Oria and saw "This is the Army" and "They Got me Cov­ ered." Feb. 29-no flying. Mar. 1, 1944-3 hrs. Training mission. 19th-Mar. 7, 1944-7 hrs. Certaldo, No. Italy-Marshalling yards-target was not hit but dam­ age done to some rail lines running thru nearby city-weather good -no flak-no fighters-our crew in 603 with Maj. Smith. Mar. 8, 1944. Briefed for Arezzo, Italy-did not take off as field was closing in. No flying 9th or 10th. Prac. mission-I 0-3 hrs. 20-21-Mar 17, 1944-7 hrs. A/C factory at Schweghat, Germany-unable to see target due to undercast-little flak from Nostor and few fighters but no attacks­ escort of P-38's and P-47's our crew in 708-feathered No. 1 on way back dropped bombs in water. 22nd-Mar. 18, 1944-6½ hrs. A/D and dispersal area at Lavariano-good coverage of target­ several fires and plane explosions on ground-some flak and some fighters-saw P-38 ditching and 124 turn back-flew with T. A. Scott. 23-24th-Mar. 19, 1944-7¼ hrs. B/B plant Steyr, Austria-20 min. within target time and turned for target of opportunity as primary was closed in-hit with good cover­ age at Graz, Austria-most heavy and accurate flak ever encountered -2 El A shot down-our crew in 708. Mar. 20, 1944. Briefed for target in Bulgaria M/Y and terminals-did not set off­ went to Lecce. Mar. 23, 1944. Briefed for Bl A Steyr, Austria-took off-but did not go far was re­ called-nothing happened. 25-Mar. 24, 1944. B/F Steyr, Austria---53/.i. Took off at 7:30-about half way over Adriatic, Hartman and Whelan came together-one ship cut in two by props. No chance for any crews members-we went on over Yugo­ slavia and within 2 hrs. of target-returned to base due to very bad weather-lead 18 planes went on up into Italy and jumped by about 50 fighters-4 more planes lost-total of 6 for the day. Bronson, Broughton, Askins, Kleeman, Ciliatta, Marine, Beard and Cummings went down with ships which came together. 26-27-March 29, 1944-7 ½ hrs. M/Y Bolzano, Italy-good hits on targets-heavy flak and few fighters but no attacks on us-flew in 272 with our own crew-got re­ port thru in perfect shape and was given credit. No flying 30-31-1. 28-29th-Apr. 2, 1944-8 hrs. A/C factory Steyr, Austria-good hits on target by reports-plenty of flak and fighters-saw first ME 110-none attacked us-some ships shot down. Mclver landed on island off Yugoslav coast-all safe-one gunner hurt-our crew flew in 756-lead of high right 1st attack unit. 30-31-April 4, 1944. M/Y and city Bucharest, Rumania-7 hrs. Beautiful hits-huge fires 215 and explosions-lots of flak but not accurate-used tinfoil-plenty of fighters but none attacked us-48th lost 7 A/C to fighters-we flew 272 lead 2nd attack unit. 32-33-April 5, 1944-7½. M/Y and oil refinery Ploesti, Rumania-toughest raid yet-about 100 E/A attacked us-at target and with us 45 min.-heavy flak and accurate-target hit successfully-huge fires left-flew with Capt. Pitt and Tandy in 205 (silver job) 756 hit very badly Tony bailed out over target-no other crew member did-reports of 40 El A shot down and our tail gunner shot one down-12 of our A/C missing. Ship blew up on take off:Imowok ? ? ? April 6, 1944. i No flying-Pay day. 34-April 7, 1944-6112hrs. MIY Mestre, Italy-scattered flak but no damage to our planes-no El A attacks or none sighted-target fairly well covered with bombs -could see craters from last bombing-flew with Capt. Pitt & Tandy also Lo\ver and Collings in 189 (silver job) Sent S.O.S. for 804 (G*45). April 8, 1944. Briefed for \Veinerhustadt, Austria. AIC factory and rail yards. Grp. called back-front closing in. April 9, 1944-2½ hrs. Same target-didn't take off. Practice formation with Davis, Pitt and Tandy. April 10-11. No flying-bad weather over target. April 12, 1944. Grp. mission on AIC factory Weinernustadt, Austria. No planes lost (G-46). 35-36-April 13, 1944-6½ hrs. Vecces AID and AIC plant at Budapest, Hungary. Good coverage of target-approx. 200 planes in dispersal area all types. Ran through a flak nest before target. 1 ship turned back. Flak over target moder­ ate for us (lead grp.) but intense for followers. Saw one B-24 go down in flames-few El A sighted-but no attacks. No ships of 450 mia. April 14, 15. No flying. Sunday, April 16, 1944. Target at Brasox, Rumania. Did not go. Lower flew with Dyer. Re­ ports say they collided with Clay (720th) and some say they saw 18 chutes from two ships. Ship blew up in 720th area 8 p. m. caused from put-put leak. Several men killed. April 17, 1944. Target was city of Sofia, Bulgaria. Did not go. Dennis 78-Baker Ill (Code Names) As early as 1938 our army began working out a plan of aerial defense for the eastern seaboard. It was decided that such a vast warning net would require too great a number of our military personnel, so civilian volunteers were organized in the Aircraft Warning Service which had two branches-the Ground Observer Corps and the Aircraft Warning Corps. About one million men, women and children served in this non-military army. Almost three-quarters of a million persons served under the jurisdiction of the First Fighter Command as ground observers or in the filter and information centers scat- 216 tered along the Atlantic coast from the Canadian boundary to Key West. One hundred and forty-eight people of Hannibal served in the Ground Observer Corps. In Syracuse, secretly located, was another branch of the Air­ craft Warning Service called the Aircraft Warning Corps or the Filter and Information Center. Here were huge maps, time lights and balconies where officers of the army and navy watched the accurate flight tracking of planes across the boards below. From lonely observation posts over a large area of New York State came telephone calls to the plotters at these maps. These t,vo branches co-operated so that, throughout the years of the war every plane that flew over the eastern part of the United States ,vas tracked. Every plane leaving an Amer­ ican airport had to file a flight plan so that an enemy plane would have been i1nmediately spotted and intercepted. Early in the spring of 1942 Kenneth W. Upcraft was asked to act as Chief Observer and K. Bruce Upcraft became his Assist­ ant Chief Observer. The post was located at the home of Jesse Lounsbery south of Hannibal Center. It became necessary to move it closer to Hannibal in order to get enough observers. A building was erected on the property of Kenneth Upcratt. An old stove from the camp of Sherman Cole furnished heat. On windy days it was most difficult to control the heat or keep it in the building. Many observers had to build fires because the observers ,vho preceded them forgot to keep the fire burning. During the two years of activity at the post the observers and the Upcraft family had experiences they will never forget. There was never a dull moment for the Upcrafts. Amusing things happened. People roamed around the house and through the house at all hours of the day and night using the bathroom, the telephone or the kitchen. A typical report was like this: "ARMY FLASH" 34Fll "ARMY, GO AHEAD PLEASE" "FLASH" 1 MULTI HIGH SEEN DENNIS 78 EAST 5 SOUTH "TRANI< YOU." This flash meant that a plane having more than two motors had been seen flying at a high altitude east of the post (Dennis 78) and was flying toward the south. Army officers inspected the post 12 times. With inauguration of courses in aircraft recognition, a new officer had to be found-a recognition officer, whose duty was to instruct observers in the fine points of identifying aircraft by name and model. Mrs. Upcraft was already keeping rec­ ords for the army, sending weekly reports, recruiting observ­ ers, acting as substitute for 140 observers, doing janitor work, listening to the observers who were in conversational moods 217 (this I most certainly enjoyed), helping observers who became confused or nervous when a plane really did fly over, but some­ body had to take over recognition duties so she went to Syra­ cuse and took a concentrated army course in identification of American, allied and enemy planes. She came home and con­ ducted a school of recognition. Seventy people took the course. The course consisted of lectures, projection, flash cards, photo­ graphs, model airplane assembly, drill and various types of testing. The course \Vas terminated with a recognition party. The following is a list of the people who served 100 hours or more and were given observer pins: Ernest Adamy, Beverly Barrus, Hazel Chaffee, Lois Chaffee, Marjorie Chaffee Wilde, June Cole (Taber), Seth Durbin, Stanley Earner, Louis E. John­ son, Harriet Keysor, Kermit I{eysor, Paul Keysor, Charles Kranze, 1\'lildred Nibbi, Barbara Perkins, Ella Perkins, Howard Perkins, Therese Scanlon, Beverly Sitzer, I(enneth Upcraft, John Wiltse, Ethel Youngs. John Cox, Wayne Kellogg and Mrs. Florence \Yelling gave over 200 hours of loyal service. Miss Fannie Rhoades with 385 hours of service and K. Bruce Upcraft with 270 hours received merit pins from the army. Mrs. Upcraft received a merit pin with a 500-hour bar and, had the post been activated a few weeks longer would have received the 1000-hour bar. That would have been nice but it was much more satisfying to get a notice from the army that the post could be closed after May 29, 1944, because it was no longer needed. I wish that I had kept a personal daily diary. It would have become more interesting as the years go by. So much could have been written about the people who did cheerfully and loyally what was asked of them even though the task was lonely and unspectacular. Of course we did some complaining but of this I am sure-if one born b had been dropped on the United States this pest would have been manned with 100 per cent efficiency. Mary Ellen Upcraft, Recognition Officer. Jn 1Memoriam WORLD WAR II VETERANS Verne E. Crofoot Pfc. Verne E. Crofoot was born May 15, 1919, in District 14. town of Hannibal, and lived there until he was inducted into the .A.rmed Forces. He attended the Rhoades District school through the eighth '""de. He was drafted and entered the army March 6, 1943. He 218 left Syracuse for Fort Niagara March 13th and was sent to Camp Maxey, Texas, to begin his basic training. From there he went to Camp Claiborne, Louisiana, to finish his training in the M.P's. From there he went to Fort Custer, Michigan, to get his overseas outfit, and then on to an unidentified camp near New York to await embarkation. Early in 1944 he left for some place in England and remained there until D-Day, when he was sent to Normandy. On March 12, 1945, he passed away in a field hospital near Rennes, France, of myocarditis. He was laid to rest in the United States Military Cemetery at St. James, France.

Archie Harold Miller Archie Miller was born in lvlexico, N. Y., on June 25, 1922, the son of Robert J. and Blanche Smith Miller. He attended the rural schools. He was sent to Fort Niagara and from there to Fort Bragg, North Carolina, for his basic training where he remained for a year. In September, 1943, he arrived in England with the 101st Airborne Division and was dropped in Normandy, France, on D-Day at 4 a. m. After a few \Veeks his division returned to England. He later returned to the continent and was dropped in Holland about September 17. He was killed five days later on the 22nd. He received one battle star, the Presidential citation, and the Purple Heart. He was first buried in Holland and later removed to Mar­ graten, Belgium.

Richard Gerald Prior Pvt. Prior was born in Hannibal on Aug. 1, 1923, and attend­ ed the Cain's Corners and Hannibal schools. He assisted his father in the grocery and meat business prior to entering the military service on February 13, 1943. He received three months of basic training at Camp Croft, South Carolina, and vvas then sent directly to North Africa with Co. E. 15th Infan­ try. He took part in the Sicily invasion and was killed in action in Italy on February 29, 1944. Pvt. Prior was awarded one of the army's highest decorations, the Silver Star, for gallantry in action in Italy. He is survived by his parents; two brothers, William and Harold; and his maternal grandparents, Mr. and Mrs. Harry Poormon, all of Hannibal. His body arrived from over~eas on March 5, 1949. FuA1eral services were held on Sunday, March 6, 1949, at the Hannibal Community church at 2:30 o'clock, with the Rev. Leonard B. Whitney, pastor of the Methodist church, officiating. Burial 219 was made in Fairdale cemetery with military honors being accorded by Prior-Stock Post 1552, American Legion.

Clifford F. Shutts Staff-Sergeant Clifford F. Shutts was born in Fulton, N. Y., on December 31, 1919, the son of Mr. and Mrs. Fred Shutts. He attended Philips Street and State Street schools. In 1930 he 1noved with his parents to Cornwall, Ontario, Canada, where his father was superintendent of the Fibre Conduit Ltd. of Canada. He attended the Cornwall Public School and Cornwall Collegiate Institute. After leaving school he was employed in the meat market and grocery store of W. J. l(avanaugh. In the winter of 1938 he came back to the States with his parents, moving to Hannibal, N. Y. In October1 1941, he enlisted in the ·united States Army Air Force and reported for duty to Fort Niagara, N. Y., where he ,vas stationed for about a month. After being stationed at various bases, he was finally sent to Grand Island, Nebraska, to await assignment overseas. He was assigned to the Eighth Air Corps located somewhere in England and served as engineer and gunner on one of the Flying Fortresses. On his eleventh mission over Germany on February 21, 1944, he was killed when his plane was shot down. Only two members of the crew of 10 survived. His body was returned to Hannibal on board the Victory ship S.S. Haiti and was interred in the Hannibal cemetery on June 5, 1949, with Reverend Leonard B. Whitney officiating and military honors being accorded by Prior-Stock Post 1552, American Legion.

Sgt. William E. Thompson Sgt. William E. Thompson, son of Mr. and Mrs. Fred Thomp­ son, was born in Martville on June 15, 1915. He attended Martville grade school and graduated from Han­ nibal High school. Volunteering for service January 10, 1941, he was sent to Fort Benning, Georgia, for training in the Armored Division under General Patton. He also took a three-months course in diesel engines at St. Louis, Missouri. After the war began he landed in North Africa on Christmas morning, 1942, and fought through the African and Sicilian campaigns under General Patton. He was then sent to Eng­ land to await the European invasion. When the invasion of France was begun, he was sent in with the armored assault. He received the Silver Star for gallantry in action, having killed six German soldiers with a Tommy gun. The guns of his tank became overheated and refused to 220 function, so the Germans attacked with grenades and bazookas. Sgt. Thompson then threw open the tank hatch and killed the attackers with one burst of his tommy gun. He was killed in action in France on August 4, 1944, when a small number of tanks, without reenforcements, was sent in­ to a German stronghold. He was awarded the Purple Heart and a Presidential citation.

Benjamin Albert Stock Benjc:imin Albert Stock was born in Os,:vego town on Novem­ ber 19, 1922, the son of Mr. and Mrs. Wesley Stock. The family moved from Osvvego town to Hannibal where Een.iamin at­ tended Hannibal High school, graduating in June, 1940. He entered service vvith the air force on July 28, 1942. I-le received his training in Florida and Texas and was at various times stationed at many different bases in this country. After com­ pleting his training he \Vas transferred to overseas duty in January, 1944 as radio operator on a B-24 bomber. Tech. Sgt. Stock completed 39 missions over Italy and Germany, but on his 40th mission, his bomber leading a group of 200 bombers, he was lost. His plane was last seen going behind a cloud bank. Only a few born bers returned to their base in Italy.

William Wesley Stock, Jr. William Wesley Stock, Jr., was born in Hannibal, N. Y., on January 12, 1925, the son of Mr. and Mrs. Wesley Stock. He was educated in Hannibal High school and on December 27, 1943, at the age of 18 was drafted into the armed forces. He received his basic training for the infantry at Camp Blanding in Florida. After a few months of training he was sent over­ seas in May, 1944. He was lost in battle on August 5, 1944.

1946-47 Hannibal American Legion Organization Meeting Wednesday evening, July 17, 1946, veterans of Hannibal and vicinity met in Masonic Temple in Hannibal to organize an American Legion Post known as Prior-Stock 1552. A post con­ stitution and by-laws were adopted and the following officers were elected: Commander, Karl Kellogg; first vice-commander, Clive Mead; second vice-commander, Clifford Kellogg; third vice-commander, Hugh Showers; adjutant, Fred Lockwood; finance officer, John Palesch; service officer, Ray Perkins; chaplain, William Hubbard; sergeant-at-arms, John Clancy; members of the executive committee, Winfred Welling, Allen Perkins, Lyle McGlen and Louis DeLoff. 221 Monday evening, July 29, a delegation from the Oswego County Legion was present and installed the new officers. A temporary charter was presented. Charter Members Ward Barlow, John 0. Clancy, David E. Cooper, Charles Allan Cox, Homer Dailey, Louis DeLoff, Francis Garrison,

Gordon Gault, J a:hice Gault, William Gault, Leonard F. Gove1 Clifford Kellogg, Karl S. Kellogg, James Lamie, Joseph Lamie, Fred Lockwood, Ward Lyons, Lyle McGlen, Charles McMillen, Clive Mead, Vincent Merz, John Palesch, Allen D. Perkins, James Perkins, William G. Prior, George Scanlon, Hugh Shovv­ ers, Levant Shufelt, Erwin Shutts, Duane Van Dusen, Winfred Welling, Donald Wheeler, Verne Wilde and Ho,vard Wilson.

1947-48 American Legion Officers Commander, Donald Wheeler and Ward Lyons; first vice­ commander, Harry Powers; second vice-commander, Ward Lyons; third vice-commander! Louis DeLoff; adjutant, Myles Harter; finance officer, John DiBello; service officer, Ray Per­ kins; chaplain, Charles Foster; liaison officers, John Palesch; sergeant-at-arms, Lyle McGlen; publicity, Lyle lVIcGlen; his­ torian, Charles McMillen; members of the Executive Commit­ tee, I(arl Kellogg, John Palesch; Americanism Committee, Karl Kellogg (chairman), Charles Foster, Charles McMillen; Re­ habilitation and Service Committee, Ray Perkins, chairman; Committee on Athletics, Louis DeLoff, Vincent Merz. During the spring of 194 7 American Legion Post No. 1552 purchased the former Dairymen's League house on Church Street as a permanent home for its members. It is to be corr1- pletely reconditioned and a clubroom built upstairs which will be used both for business meetings and recreation. Prior-Stock Post hopes through its Committee on American­ ism to fight Communism, plan suitable celebrations for special patriotic holidays and to promote ideals of Americanism. The Rehabilitation Committee vvill look after the welfare and com­ fort of any needy members. The Athletic Committee will en­ deavor to help build up the playground and continue training of junior teams in various sports. The Legion has donated $50 toward development of the Youth Civic Center. 1948-49 Officers The new officers of the Legion were installed September, 1948, in the Post rooms with ceremonies in charge of George F. Wright of Oswego, county commander, and Joseph Beale of Fulton, fifth district finance officer. New officers seated were: Donald Wheeler, commander; Harry Powers, first vice-commander; Edgar Beebe, second 222 vice-commander; Benjamin DiBello, third vice-commander; Logan White, adjutant; Charles McMillen, finance officer; Homer Dailey, chaplain; Ray Perkins, service officer; Karl Kellogg, historian; Joe Lamie, sergeant-at-arms; Bob Goodman, Clive Meade, John DiBello and Vincent Merz, executive com­ mittee members. On June 21, 1949, Prior-Stock Post installed the following 1949-50 officers: Commander, Donald Wheeler; first vice-com­ mander, Allen Perkins; second vice-commander, Clive Mead; third vice-commander, Harvey Webster; adjutant, Logan White; chaplain, Benjamin DiBello; finance officer, Charles McMillen; sergeant-at-arms, John Clancy; historian, Karl Kel­ logg; service officer, Ray Perkins; executive committee, E. H. Beebe, Myron Van Patten, Ward Lyons, Robert Goodman. The meeting was held conjointly with the Central Square Legion. George Wright, county commander, spoke briefly on membership and thanked retiring officers for their efforts during the year. Allen Roy, county vice-commander, assisted by Richard I(eefe, past county commander, and Joseph H. Beale, fifth district finance officer, were in charge of cere­ monies at the Hannibal Post. Delegates to county meeting: DiBello, Wheeler and Lyons. Alternates: Keefe, Webster and Kellogg. The local Post has sponsored the American Legion oratorical contests held in the local high school, a Junior League baseball team, helped members who lost their possessions by fire, and sent a high school junior to Boys' State at Colgate University in 1949. They are planning to erect a suitable permanent mem­ orial to those who made the supreme sacrifice. American Legion Auxiliary On October 1, 1947, an organization meeting was held in the Masonic rooms. Mrs. Ward Lyons was appointed temporary chairman and Mrs. Donald Wheeler temporary secretary. A membership drive was started at once ,vith all mothers, sisters and wives of veterans of either World War I or II be­ ing eligible. On October 27, 1947, the following officers were elected and installed: President, Mrs. Helen Lyons; first vice-president, Mrs. l\!Iary Gault; second vice-president, Mrs. Ruth Merz; sec­ retary, Mrs. Elizabeth A.nn McGlen; treasurer, Mrs. Dorothy Van Patten; chaplain, Miss Phyliss Welling; historian, Mrs. Mabel Shutts; sergeant-at-arms, Mrs. Marilyn Wheeler; execu­ tive committee, Mrs. Marjorie Palesch, Mrs. Thelma Van Dusen and Mrs. Agnes Mead. On October 25, 1948. a regular meeting was held at Candle­ light Inn at Parish. A delightful dinner was enjoyed, after which Mrs. Helen Lyons, president of the organization, called the meeting to order. Mrs. Mildred Beales of Fulton, past 223 county chairman, was guest of honor at the dinner and install­ ed the following officers: President, Mrs. Marilyn Wheeler; first vice president, Mrs. IV1ary Gault; second vice-president, l\tlrs. Ruth Merz; treasurer, Mrs. Dorothy Van Patten; secre­ tary, Mrs. Helen Lyons; historian, l\tlrs. Miriam Beebe; chap­ lain, Mrs. Shirley J\iicCann; sergeant-at-arms, Mrs. Mabel Shutts; members of Lhe executive committee, Mrs. Agnes H. Mead, Mrs. Ellerl Wheeler, J\iirs. Elizabeth McGlen. Other members present b£sides the guest of honor, nevvly elected officers and executive comn1ittee members were: Mrs. Edna Mae Rice, Miss Janice Gault, Mrs. Carolyn Gault Kellogg, Mrs. Avanell Showers, Mrs. Goldie Gault, Mrs. Catherine Dailey and Miss Sy1 via Finck. The 1949-50 officers were installed by Mrs. Lois Perkins at a steak roast held at her home on June 20, 1949: President, Mrs. Marilyn Wheeler; first vice-president, Mrs. Mary Gault; sec­ ond vice-president, lVIrs. Ruth Merz; treasurer, Mrs. Dorothy Van Patten; secretary, Mrs. Helen Lyons; chaplain, Miss Mad­ olyn Lyons; historian, l\tlrs. Evelyn DiBello; sergeant-at-arms, Mrs. Mabel Shutts; executive committee, l\Jirs. Agnes H. Mead, Mrs. Ellen H. Wheeler and Mrs. Elizabeth McGlen.

WHEN A BLUE STAR TURNS TO GOLD I-Ie went one day with a cheery wave, A gay farewell, and a smile he gave, And when he was gone-with a purpose true­ In the window· was hung a star of blue. He did the task that was given him To rid the world of greed and sin, He fought a good fight-so the message told­ But the star of blue has turned to gold. Dear Father, be near those homes we pray, Where the message has come-or will some day­ Comfort each heart with your love so true Where a gold star hangs in place of a blue. Mrs. Roselyn C. Steere TO OUR BOYS In these days of anxious waiting, When the war clouds hang so low Dreading, waiting for the order Which says our boys must go. Must go to fight for freedom, which For years has been our right! We're going to do our bit, my friends, To help them win that fight. We want them to know we back them In whatever they may do, However big the task may be That we will see them thru. We will give our time, our money, Yes, our blood, to give them life. 224 We'll work and give until it hurts To help them win this strife. Oh! there'll be many heartaches, And many heartbreaks, too. But that, dear friends, is just plain life, And there's nothing we can do. Nothing but send them, knowing Back here we're fighting, too, Fighting for the same dear Flag, The Red, the White and Blue. So when we see Old Glory, U nf ur led up there on high, Let's pledge, God helping, we will win, Or fighting we will die. Mrs. Jennie Adsi tt. Hannibal, K. Y.

A SOLDIER FINDS GOD Look, God, I have never spoken to You, But now I want to say, "How do You do?" You see, God, they told me You didn't exist, And, like a fool, I believed all this. Last night from a shell hole I saw Your sky; I figured right then they had told me a lie. Had I taken time to see things You made, I'd have known they weren't calling a spade a spade. I wonder, God, if You'd shake my hand; Somehow, I feel that you will understand. Funny I had to come to this hellish place Before I had time to see Your face. Well, I guess there isn't much more to say, But I'm sure glad, God, I met You today; I guess the "zero hour" will soon be here, But I'm not afraid since I know You're near. The signal! Well, God, I'll have to go. I like You lots, this I want You to know; Look, now this will be a horrible fight, Who knows, I may come to Your house tonight. Tho' I wasn't friendly to You before, I wonder, God, if You'd wait at Your door. Look, I'm crying! Me! Shedding tears! I wish I had known You these many years. Well, I have to go now, God, good-by! Strange, since I met You, I'm not afraid to die. Pfc. Alonzo Sease, Syracuse, N. Y.

A SOLDIER'S PRAYER Dear God, I can't pray and say All the things I want at the close of day, I know you're with me and you always will, But I'll try to pray till my lips are still. 225 Dear God, bless my mother so good and true, For she's been thru what I'll never go thru, And now this war, I'm so far away, That's why I kneel and try to pray. Dear God, help me to keep the vows that I made, For the sea of troubles and temptations I'll wade, Give me the strength that my mother holds, And her prayers will keep me within Thy folds. Dear God,1 bless my girl so pretty and sweet, Guide and keep her till again we meet, May our love stay as strong as when I went away, Please, Dear God, it's so hard to pray. Dear God, bless my home \Vhich we're fighting to keep, Where I first met You at 1ny mother's feet, My fa1nily is there and all that I own, So please, Dear God, bless my swell home. Dear God, when this war is over and all thru, And this proud wor Id bows, to do homage to you, There'll be millions and millions who come to say, Dear God, it's just 1ne, I've learned to pray. Pvt. James B. Miller, AAC. Son of Mr. and Mrs. James R. Miller, 2133 James Street, Syracuse, New York

THE UNKNOWN SOLDIER SPEAKS By Nick Kenny You think I've slept for years but you are wrong For every Spring I hear the robin's song- I see the flowers bloom and fade away And feel the tears of Mothers as they pray. There is an Irish Mother who believes That I'm the warrior son for whom she grieves A Jewish Mother names me in her prayers ... A million Mothers think of me as theirs. I like to feel that I belong to all For I was a waif abandoned in a hall I never knew a Mother-think what joy Is mine, when over me they cry, "My Boy" ... And we who died, that other wars might cease, Pray that on Earth you find a lasting peace!

226 Maso11s a11d Easter11 Stars

Masonry in Hannibal, 1824-1949 N THE early 1820's far-seeing Hannibal n1en were interested I in forming a Masonic organization. They were anxious then, as Masons are today, to further good will, brotherly love, friendship and vvorld peace. America had already been in­ volved in tvvo major wars and was then only a very young nation. These men were interested in the growth of our coun­ try and were eagerly looking forward to a great future for the United States. So, in accordance with the principles of Masons everyvvhere, the idea of a lodge in Hannibal crystalized, and these hardy pioneers embarked on a movement vvhich has grown steadily, despite many discouraging occurrences, among which have been no less than two disastrous fires in 1873 and 1942. July 24, 1949, marked the 125th year of Masonic history in Hannibal. During that century and a quarter much has been contributed by Masons to the activities and leadership of this community as well as the state and the nation. Some data of these years is recorded, but the greater part, like so much val­ uable historical information, is unwritten and unsung. Han­ nibal had scarcely been settled in scattered parts when the following 14 leading citizens made appUcation on July 24, 1824, to the Grand Lodge of the State of New York for a charter: We, the undersigned, being free and accepted Masons and being members of Lodges of such, To the Grand Lodge of the State of New York represent, that having the prosperity of the Fraternity at heart, feel willing to exert our best endeavors to promote and diffuse the genuine principles of Masonry. That for the convenience of our respective dwellings and for other good reasons are desirous of forming a new Lodge in the To,vn of Hannibal in the County of Oswego to be named the Hannibal Lodge. In consequence of this desire we therefore pray for Letters of Charter to empower us to assemble as a legal Lodge to discharge the duties of Masonry in a regular and constitutional manner according to the original forms of the order and the regulations of the Grand Lodge. That they have nominated and do recommend John Bullen for the first Master, and David Bullen to be the first Senior Warden and Jason Peck to be the first Junior Warden of the said Lodge. That if the pray­ er of this petition be granted we promise a strict conformity to all the constitutional Laws & Regulations of the Grand Lodge. Dated at Hannibal, this 20th day of July, 1824. Roswell Knowlton John Bullen John R. Nichols David Bullen 227 Isaac Kinney Daniel Thomas John Furman Job C. Conger Arden Allen Jason Peck Abner Hollister James Beardsley John Lounsbury Thomas Burch Oswego County, ss. At a regular communication of Oswego Lodge No. 326 held at the Lodge room on the 4th day of August A. D. 1824 ordered that the sanc­ tion of said Lodge, be endorsed on the within petition and signed by the Master and Secretary. John Grant (or Gilbert) .Jur., Master, Ephraim Reed, Secy. We, John Grant (or Gilbert) Jur., and Ephraim Reed, Master and Secretary of Oswego Lodge do hereby certify to said Lodge August 4, 1824 .John Grant Jur. M. Ephraim Reed, Secy. The petition bears the recon1mendation of Oswego Lodge No. 326, granted August 4, 1824 and signed by John Gilbert (or Grant), Master, and Ephraim Reed, Secretary. The document bears this endorsement: 419 Petition for a Lodge at Hannibal Dispensation granted Dec. 18th, 1824 Oswego County The following letter \Vas sent by John Bullen, P.M., request­ ing the delivery of the new charter for Hannibal Lodge: Letter, Post Marked: Utica, N. Y. Sept. 7, 1825, Free. Addressed to: E. Wadsworth Esq., Post Master, Brainaraes Bridge, N. Y. (Letter) Dr. Sir: I understand from Br. Cosier of this place that the charter for Hannibal Lodge is in your Possession. If so, will you have the good­ ness to forward the same to me at Hannibal. Very respectfully yours etc. John Bullen Postmaster, Hannibal, Oswego County. E. Wadsworth Esq., Utica Sept. 6th, 1825 In the minutes of the Country Grand Lodge of Free and ac­ cepted Masons of New York (at that time there were two Grand Lodges in New York, known respectively as "City" and "Country." These two came together under the compact of 1827.) under date of June 1, 1825, appears the following: "The committee on applications for warrants to whom were referred the several petitions on that subject, reported favorably in the cases nam.ed in the following lists, whereupon it was ordered that warrants issue accordingly; to John Bullen, master; David Bullen, Senior Warden; and Jason Peck, Junior Warden, to hold a lodge in the town of Hannibal, Oswego County, by the name of Hannibal Lodge No. 419." This was the fifth Masonic Lodge chartered in Oswego ·County. 228 First Masonic Temple The Masons occupied the second floor of a building conjointly with the Congregational Society. It was constructed in the summer or fall of 1826 and stood nearly on the site now occu­ pied by the Presbyterian l\:Ianse, facing the east, with its broad side facing the street. The upper room was reached by an outside stairway on the western end. It was a frame building and cost about $2,000. In the early 1860's the church building was purchased by Norman Titus, and moved toward the village square and placed on a site about where Umbeck's repair garage is now operating, formerly managed by Harry Hewitt & Co., Dodge automobile dealer. It was used for a public hall for a number of years, and was finally destroyed by fire July 3, 1873. Hannibal Lodge No. 419 continued its activities for some 10 years when it suspended due to t\vo reasons: (1) the anti­ Masonic sentiment following the Morgan affair and (2) the removal of many of its active members to the West. The minutes of the Grand Lodge June 8, 1832, show "The Committee on Warrants submit the following Report. They have selected from the books of the Rt. W.: Grand Secretary the names of those Lodges who appear not to have made any returns at all, or any, at least since June, 1822, and which are as follows: viz.:-" In this list appears Hannibal Lodge No. 419, Hannibal, Os­ wego County. The above report was read and adopted and the said warrants declared forfeited accordingly. At this period the Morgan excitement was in full blast. The list mentioned above contained 84 Lodges in this State. "Appar­ ently, Hannibal Lodge made no return of members as indicated by the report on the Committee on Warrants which is con­ firmed by the fact that I have been unable to find any report f ram the Lodge in our files." (Robert Judson Ken worthy, Grand Secretary.) Hannibal Mason Organizes Western Emigratio-n Society John Bullen, who was active in forming the Western Emi­ gration Company in Hannibal in December, 1834, that lead to the settlement of l(enosha, Wisconsin, in 1835, was born at Ware, Mass., May 20, 1783. He moved with his father, Captain Bullen of Revolutionary War record, to 'Clinton, Oneida county, in 1790, and then to Hannibal in 1821. The Bullens became prominent in the then new village of Hannibal in its church, fraternal and business affairs. John Bullen was a trustee of the church in 1825, and William Bullen a trustee from 1832 to 1835. John Bullen was engaged in merchandising, farming, milling, manufacturing of lumber and potash and shipping them to Albany from Oswego via the Oswego-Erie Canal. In 229 these activities he amassed a good fortune. In the West he ,vas again active in Masonic circles, helping organize Kenosha Lodge No. 47, Free and Accepted Masons, January 24, 1853, and Southport Chapter Royal Arch Masons No. 3, March 30, 1846. Of this chapter John Bullen was the first high priest. In the centennial edition of the Kenosha Evening News of .June, 1935, we find this tribute to hin1: "The acknowledged founder of Kenosha, John Bullen, Jr., left a position as post111aster in the to\\rn of Hannib£1, Oswego County, New York, to travel to the wilds of Wisconsin Territory and establish a colony for the Western Emigration Company of which he \Vas secretary and the Rev. Peter Wooden, a Baptist clergyman, was president. An imposing memorial monument is erected to his memory in Green Ridge Cen1etery. The monun1ent is just inside the Sheridan Road gate of the cemetery. The inscription reads: 'In memory of John Bullen who located I(enosha, June 12, 1835, and was one of its founders.' "* Second Petition The petition to reorganize the Lodge after 32 years of in­ activity was made on January 13, 1864. (From Grand Lodge) I-Iannibal Lodge No. 550 Hannibal Oswego District Jan. 13, 1864 Petition-Alfred B. Worster (Master), George L. Carr (S. W.), George V. Emens (J. W.). Other signatures: James W. Jones, E. M. Allen, D. Bothwell, N. B. Brower, Heman Myers, Chandler M. Cogswell, Jacob H. Whitman, William Savory, A. S. Archer, W. H. Wiggins, R. M. Rogers, Jr., E. C. Van Auken, William Titus, William R. Conger, Andrew Ure, Samuel Myers. Recommended by Osv.1 ego Lodge, No. 127. Dispensation-Bears san1e names as the original Petition. Dated June 23, 1864 Signed: Clinton F. Paige, 33 G. M. James M. Austin, G. Sec'y Warrant-Dated June 7th, 1865. Robert D. Holmes, G. M. James M. Austin, G. Sec'y. The Lodge was instituted in June 1865, with the following charter members: E. M. Allen, A. S. Archer, David Bothwell. Nicholas B. Brower, George L. Carr, C. M. Cogswell, William R. Conger, George V. Emens, James W. Jones, Heman Myers, Robert R. Rogers, Jr., William Titus, Eli C. Van Auken, J. H.

*:'\ot": Thi· :-;e<'ond anrl org-a11i:z:1tion meeting· of th1• \\"e:-;t1·rn Emigration Comp:rny was hPld in th,, :\las0:11ic llall of Hannil,al Lodge .\;o. -ll!l in Feb­ ruarv 1 :--::ii. N,;t(•: Carolint> Bullen lH•camt~ the wif .. of .J o:-;eph Y. Quarles and the mother of .J. ,·. (Juarlei:, a l ·nitl'd States S(•ll:-itnr from \Yi:-;eonsin. and Sophia Bullen, auother dau~d1ter. heearn1: th'.:' wife of \Yilliarn "~arner. a t ·ni ted States S(.'nato•r from )I isi--ou ri. 230 Whitman, Albert B. Worster, William H. Wiggins. The first officers were: A. B. \Vorster, Master; G. L. Carr, Senior War­ den; G. V. Emens, Junior Warden; W. R. Conger, Treasurer, and N. B. Brovver, Secretary. State Passes Enabling Act, April 2, 1866 Prior to this time lodges and chapters of Free and Accepted Masons had been unable to take, hold and convey real and per­ sonal estate. The following certificate was executed at Han­ nibal March 25, 1868: State of New York I County of Oswego ( We the undersigned the first three elective officers of Hannibal Lodge No. 550 of Free and Accepted Masons, duly chartered by and installed according to the General Rules and Regulations of the Grand Lodge of Free and Accepted Masons of the State of New York, do hereby certify that at a regular communication of said Lodge held at their Lodge Room in the Village of Hannibal in said County of Os­ wego on the fourth day of March A. D. 1868 in accordance with the Constitution and General Regulations of the Grand Lodge aforesaid and in conformity to their By-Laws, the said Lodge being desirous of having the benefits and privileges conferred by an Act of the Legisla­ ture of the State of New York entitled "An Act to enable Lodges and Chapters of Free and Accepted Masons to take, hold and convey Real and Personal Estate," passed April 2d, 1866, did then and there proceed to elect three Trustees for such Lodge for the purpose afore­ said and whose term of Office were allotted by the undersigned as prescribed in said acts. And the undersigned do further certify that the said election was regularly conducted according to the Constitution and General Rules and Regulations of the said Grand Lodge, and by the By-Laws of the Lodge aforesaid: That the names of said Trustees and the terms sev­ erally for which they were allotted to serve are as follows: George V. Emens, whose term will expire on the day of the festival of St. John the Evangelist next after said election, William H. Wiggins whose term will expire one year thereafter and David Bothwell whose term will expire two years thereafter. In testimony whereof the undersigned the first three elective officers aforesaid, and Master and Wardens of said Lodge have hereunto set our hands this fifth day of March A. D. 1868. E. H. Boyd, Master, John Wiltse, Senior Warden, Isaac T. Brackett, Junior Warden. Signed and duly stamped before execution in presence of N. B. Brower (5 cent U. S. In. Rev. Stamp Cancelled) State of New York 1 ss. County of Oswego i · · I the undersigned an officer duly authorized by law to take the ack­ nowledgment of Deeds do hereby certify that on the 25th day of March A. D. 1868 in the town of Hannibal in the said County before me personally appeared Edwin H. Boyd, John Wiltse and Isaac T. Brackett with whom I am personally acquainted and know to be the Master and Wardens and first three elective officers of the Lodge speci­ fied in the foregoing instrument and the persons and officers described therein and who have subscribed the same and who each then and 231 there severally acknowledged the execution by them of the foregoing certificate. John A. Cox, Justice of the Peace. State of New York 1 . Oswego County Clerk's Office f ss. · I, Mannister Worts, Clerk of said County and of the several Courts of Record in and for said County, Do Hereby Certify, That .John A. Cox, Esq. whose name is subscribed to the Certificate of the Proof or Acknowledgment of' the annexed instrument and thereon written was at the date of said certificate a Justice of the Peace in and for said County, and duly authorized to take the same, And further, that I am acquainted with the handwriting of the said Justice and verily be­ lieve the signature to the said Certificate of Proof or Acknowledgment to be genuine. And I further Certify, that the said Instru1nent is acknowledged and in all respects executed according to the Laws of this State. In Testimony Whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and affixed the Seal of said County and Courts this 26th day of March, 1868. Mannister Worts, Clerk. (L. S.) (5 cent U. S. In. Rev. Stamp Cancelled) State of New York Office of the Secretary of State I have compared the preceding with the original Certificate, under Chapter 317 Laws of 1866, by Hannibal Lodge Number 550, Free and Accepted Masons with acknowledgment thereto annexed, filed in this office on the First day of April 1868, and Hereby Certify the same to be a correct transcript therefrom and of the whole of said original. Witness my hand and seal of office of the Secretary of State, at the City of Albany, this First day of April one thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight. D. Willers, Jr., Dep. Secretary of State. (Secretary's Office, State of New York) 1873 Fire About twelve hundred dollars was spent in fitting up their Lodge rooms which made them one of the finest in the state. On the evening of July 3, 1873, the Lodge rooms and nearly everything they contained were destroyed by fire. Four hun­ dred fifty dollars was received as insurance. New rooms were secured on the third floor of the hotel of E. C. Van Auken. The Union Hall company built a new building in which the Lodge took a lease for a ten-year period. Other buildings in which the present Lodge has met include the former Grange Hall which was owned by Dr. E. H. Boyd who rented it to the l\,1asons after remodeling in 1910; the third story (now removed) of the old postoff ice block, then owned by John McFarland, and lighted by acetylene lamps; the Brewster block which was purchased in 1933 for a permanent home and which burned on October 22, 1942; the Grange Hall now occupied by Kenneth Hall's locker plant; the second floor of the old postoffice build­ ing (1944-45); and the present new Masonic Temple. Incident­ ally, the third floor of the burned Brewster block has at one 232 time or another housed the Golden Sheaf Grange, Odd Fellows I<~night of Pythias and the Maccabees. ' Officers of the Lodge in 1877 were: G. V. Emens, Master; S. W. Crandell, Senior Warden; Cyrus Haven, Junior Warden; J. W. Burt (grandfather of J. Stanley Burt), Treasurer; Cyrus Byrne, Secretary; Frederick Blodgett, Senior Deacon; 1\.ndrew Byrne, Junior Deacon; Gerard Clark, S.M.C.; A. Archer, J.M.C.; B. F. Byrne, Tiler; M. I-I. Van Auken (father of Past Master Melzar H. Van Auken), Chaplain; D. F. Acker, Marshal. There were 102 members in 1877. 1882 Officers At a regular communication of Hannibal Lodge F. & A. M. the following officers were elected for the ensuing year: Mas­ ter, Gerard Clark; Senior Warden, William Baxter~ .Junior Warden, Frank Sturge; Treasurer, David Bothwell; Secretary, Bradford F. Byrne.

1910 Off ice rs At a regular communication of Hannibal Lodge No. 550, the following officers were installed: W. M., W. C. Matteson; J. W., L. W. Wiggins; Secretary, J. R. Chamberlain; Treasurer, ,John McFarland; Trustee, Jay Wilde; S. D., M. H. Minar; J. D., Harry Povvers; S. M. C., Floyd \.Viltse; J. M. C., Edward Fairley; l\:Iar­ shal, J. R. Chamberlain; Chaplain, M. H. Van Auken; Tiler, W. William Kennedy; Organist, B. R. Bothwell. M:1sonic Leaders Early Masonic leaders of distinction and outstanding com­ munity service were Attorney N. B. Brower, Doctors Acker, Boyd, Chapman, Haven and Emens. Thirty-second degree Masons were Dr. E. H. Boyd, Andrew B. Byrne, who could give every phase of Masonry, Charles Byrne and the Honorable Walter C. Matteson, whose fraternal connections were num­ erous in Oswego county. Mr. Matteson was at one time District Deputy Grand Master in the 15th Masonic district. He began his career in the Masonic order as a member of Hannibal Lodge which he served as Master. He also was a member of Fulton chapter, Royal Arch Masons, Lake Ontario Commandery 32, Knights Templar of Oswego and Media Temple, Nobles of the Mystic Shrine of Watertown. Mr. Matteson was a member of the Fulton Lodge of Elks, the Oswego Kiwanis Club and the Oswego Chamber of ·Commerce. Other thirty-second degree Masons are or were Jerome Hyatt, Ray Hewitt, Charles Kranze, Donald Gleason, Clair Conroy, Brackett Byrne and Harold Metcalf of Binghamton. Holders of 50-year awards are or were James Jackson (Nov. 1889-Nov. 1939), Orville Wiltse (Oct. 1892-Oct. 1942) and James 233 R. Chamberlain (Sept. 1879-Apr. 29, 1936). James Jackson will be eligible for his 60-year award on November 20, 1949. This marks a 60-year period of affiliation with the Hannibal Masonic Lodge. This award consists of a palm which is attached to the ribbon of the 50-year medal. As far as is known, Mr ..Jackson will be the only man from Hannibal Lodge ever to be honored with such 2n award uo to the present time. Other promine11-t lodge members have been or are former members of the Ne\v York State Assembly Honorable Andrew Burgdorf and Honorable Ernest J. Lonis~ Raymond .J. Cooper, Master of the New York State Grange 1935-39; Supervisors of the town of Hannibal William H. Chillson and Maurice G. Lockwood; Professor S. R. Lockwood, who was principal of Hannibal High School for 32 years. Still other outstanding leaders who have done much to forge ahead and keep the Lodge progressing are Edward J. Fairley, lvlelzar Van Auken, Glenn Cooper, Seth Kampel, J. Harold Gillis, Donald and Wayne Gleason, Kenneth Upcraft, Karl S. I(ellogg, Past Mas­ ter and Past District Deputy Grand Master; Howard Ellithorpe, honorary member; Jay Hilbert Baker, honorary member; George Lamb, honorary member; and George W. Bush, honor­ ary member. KARL S. KELLOGG OF HANNIBAL NEW DISTRICT DEPUTY June 7, 1948 The selection of Mr. Kellogg as district deputy \Vas announced by Frank M. Tatton of New York, grand master of the Masons, who is a vice-president of the Chase National bank. The new district deputy for Oswego district is 41 years old and a native of Hannibal. Mr. Kellogg is a graduate of Hannibal High school and of its training class. After graduation, he taught school and then opened a barbershop, which he still operates at Hannibal. He joined Hannibal Lodge, 550, F. & A. M., in 1934 and served as master in 1939. He has been assistant grand lecturer for the Oswego district since 194t3. He has also served his lodge as a trustee and is a former vice-president of the Past Master's association of the Oswego district. Mr. Kellogg is a member and lay leader of the Hannibal Metho­ dist church and chairman of its Official Board. He is active in civic affairs being a member of the Civic club, the Athletic club and the volunteer fire department. He is a past commander of Prior-Stock Post, 1552, American Legion at Hannibal, having served in the U. S. Army during World \Var II for 27 months. He was overseas in the European Theater of Operations with the amphibious forces and later with the Medical department. MASONIC APRON IS PRESENTED TO NEW DISTRICT DEPUTY September I. 1948 HANNIBAL-The first regular fall communication of Hannibal Lodge No. 550, F. & A. M., was held Wednesday night. The highlight of the evening was the presentation of a beautiful Masonic apron to Past Master Karl Kellogg by Past Master James Harold Gillis. Mr. Kel­ logg was aopointed in June to the position of district deputy grand master by the grand master of the State of New York. Among the du- 234 ties of this new incumbency is the official visit to each lodge at least once a year to bring the grand n1aster's message stressing points and objectives to be attained during the year. This is the second tin1e a Hannibal Mason has attained the honor of being the official representative of the grand master and Hannibal lodge fully appreciates this recognition of two of its members. The late Oswego County Clerk Walter C. Matteson, was district deputy grand master rnore than 25 years ago. Mr. Gillis, who presented the apron on behalf of Hannibal lodge, called attention to the excellent work of Mr. Kellogg as master and chaplain, and his exemplary Masonic conduct both within the lodge and outside. At the close, each Mason offered warm congratulations to the new district deputy. There were many representatives present fron1 other lodges in the Oswego district. THE APRIL 29. 1936, HONORARY COMMUNICATION More than 150 men1bers of the Masonic fraternity of Oswego and neighboring districts joined with Hannibal Lodge, No. 550, F. & A. M., Wednesday evening, April 29, 1930 in paying honor to outstanding n1embers of the craft in that community. The guests of honor were Asse1nblyman Ernest J. Lonis of Oswego county; Assembly1nan Andrew D. Burgdorf of Cayuga county; Ray­ mond D. Cooper, Master of the New York State Grange; and James R. Chamberlain, past master of Hannibal Lodge, who was presented a Masonic fifty-year service medal. Dinner was served in the dining hall at 6:30 o'clock by members of Huldah Chapter, No. 485, Order of Eastern Star, under the direction of Mrs. Helen Shutts, Matron. Invocation was given by Reverend George W. Wiesen, of Southwest Os\vego. The regular lodge communication was held at eight o'clock, the lodge room being crowded to capacity. Past Master Clifford Robinson presented Right Worshipful Clarence T. Leighton of Oswego, District Deputy, who in turn presented Right Worshipful William Frederick Strang of Rochester, Junior Grand Warden of the Grand Lodge of New York. Mr. Chamberlain was presented by Edward J. Fairley, past master of Hannibal Lodge, and the medal presentation was made by the District Deputy. Mr. Chamberlain was made a Mason in Kirwin, Kansas, in September, 1879, having been a member of the fraternity for more than fifty-six years. He transferred his membership to Hanni­ bal Lodge in the 80's and since then has been one of the Masonic lead­ ers in this community. He served Hannibal Lodge as master and was secretary for more than twenty-five years. After the medal presenta­ tion, Mr. Chamberlain was congratulated by Master Seth Kampel of Hannibal Lodge. Mr. Kampel then introduced a group of the prominent guests, each of whom responded briefly. Those presented were A. Wheeler Sanders of Sherrill, District Deputy of First Oneida; Right Worshipfuls George W. Bush, Harry C. Mizen, Edwin J. Mizen, of Oswego; Charles B. Williams of West Monroe and Joseph M. Bonner of Pulaski, all Oswego past district deputies; Harry S. Andrews of Fulton and William A. Prescott of Sandy Creek, Oswego Assistant Grand Lecturers; Thomas Putnam of Oswego Lodge, a fifty year Mason, and Joseph Kampel of Sherrill Lodge, father of the Hannibal Master. Mr. Kampel then introduced general chairman J. Stanley Burt, treasurer of Hannibal Lodge, who presided during the formal program. The assemblage sang "American with Worshipful Joseph A. Wallace at the piano. Invocation w~s offered by Reverend Paul E. Merritt. Selections were given by the Oswego quartet comprising Messrs. Put­ nam, Metcalf, Scriber and Nichols. 235 The guests of honor, all members of Hannibal Lodge, spoke briefly, after which the guest speaker of the evening, Mr. Strang of Rochester, was introduced. He mentioned five important reasons which draw men to Masonry and hold their interest in the work of the fraternity, citing sociability: correct English and the beauty of the ritual, train­ ing and experience gained in service to a lodge as officer, develop­ ment of character, citizenship and interest in the charitable work of the fraternity. John J. Reilly of Rochester, a member of the Grand Lodge com­ mittee on fiduciary relations, was presented and complimented Master Kampel, Chairman Burt and Hannibal Lodge on the splendid program and the enthusiastic gathering. The District Deputy, Mr. Leighton, ex­ pressed his appreciation for the cooperation of Hannibal Lodge and of the other lodges in the district at the close of his second term. The bene­ diction was pronounced by Reverend F. W. McDermott. Among the many out of town guests were George H. Cleaver, Oneon­ ta; John Brackett, Fred Powers, Worden Chamber lain, Syracuse; Nor­ man L. Clarke, Leslie L. Luther, Pulaski; Donald Phippin, Hartford, Conn.; William Hubbard, Fulton; M. N. Wadsworth, Oswego; Floyd Palmer, Dana Waldron, Wolcott; Robert Petigrue, Oswego; John H. Ray, Conrad Hiller, E. R. Lee, Robert E. Lee, Sherrill; John A Batchel­ or, Oswego; E. J. Decker, Orlando, Fla.,; J. L. Hiller, Lee Buyea, Charles Rich, W. A. Cole, R. H. Spaulding, Sherrill; Walter Farnham, Paul Foster, Pulaski; Robert MacCombie, D. M. Russell, Sr., Oswego; Warren E. Marvin, Fulton; Perry Gadlow, John S. Kincaid, Fayette­ ville; Guilford Mace, Harvey Whiteworth, Syracuse; Charles Derringer, Sherrill; William R. Jerred, West Amboy; Howard Ellithorpe, Oswego. Letters of congratulations were read from H. J. Cooper, Oswego; George Wright, Chicago; Henry L. Page, Buffalo, and Benjamin Gif­ ford, Baldwinsville. DEDICATION OF HANNIBAL MASONIC TEMPLE Hannibal, New York Wednesday, March 24, 1937 Proclamation, Grand Marshal; Entrance of Grand Lodge; "America," Audience; Salutatory, W. M. Seth Kampel; Response, Grand Master; Announcement, Junior Grand Warden; Consecration Prayer, R.W. Rev. Wm. A. Braithwaite; The Lord's Prayer, Audience; Scripture, Grand Chaplain; Scattering the Corn, Grand Master; Music; Declaration, Senior Grand Warden; Scripture, Grand Chaplain; Sprinkling the Wine, Grand Master; Music; Declaration, Deputy Grand Master; Scrip­ ture, Grand Chaplain; Pouring the Oil, Grand Master; Music; Invoca­ tion, Grand Chaplain; Proclamation, Grand Marshal. GRAND MASTER JACOB C. KLINCK DEDICATES REMODELED LODGE TEMPLE Hannibal, March 24, 1937-Before 300 members of the Masonic fraternity from every lodge in the Oswego district, together with guests from Syracuse, Cortland, Utica, Rochester and other localities in Ceneral New York, Jacob C. Klinck, of Brooklyn, grand 1'!laster of Masons of the State of New York, Wednesday evening dedicated the remodeled temple of Hannibal lodge, No. 550,. F. & A. M. The evening program opened with a dinner served in the auditor­ ium of Hannibal High school, under the direction of Huldah Chapter, Order of Eastern Star. Entertainment during the dinner jncluded selec­ tions by the Hannibal High school orchestra, under the direction of Miss Elizabeth Luke; songs by little Marjorie Thompson and a har­ monica solo by Clarence Stewart. Invocation was given by Rev. F. W. McDermott, Hannibal. 236 Shortly after 8 o'clock the impressive dedication ceremony was ex­ emplified in the beautifully appointed lodge room of Hannibal lodge, which was filled to capacity for the history-making occasion. The grand master was assisted in the ceremony by Harry S. An­ drews, Fulton, district deputy grand master, acting as deputy grand master; Edwin J. Mizcn, Oswego, as senior grand warden; Clarence T. Leighton, Oswego, as junior grand warden; Rev. William A. Braithe­ waite, Cortland, as grand chaplain; Fay S. Parsons, Cortland, as grand marshal; David D. Mohler of Syracuse and Roscoe Snow, Oneida, grand stewards; George W. Bush, Oswego, as grand secretary, and John Sherrar, Cincinnatus, as grand treasurer. The processional was led by visiting district deputies, grand lodge officers and past grand lodge officers. The address of \vclcome was given by Seth Kampe!, master of Hannibal lodge, after which the grand 1naster dedicated the temple with the aid of his grand lodge officers. Several selections were rend­ ered by the Oswego male quartet. Following the ceremonial, the grand n1aster delivered an inspiring message on the relation of Masons to God and the part Masons should take in community affairs. He urged the members of the fraternity to practice the important lessons of the ritual in their everyday life and stressed the irnportance of prayer. Present officers of the lodge are Worshipful Master Seth Kampel, Senior Warden, Howard Perkins; Junior Warden, Karl Kellogg; treas­ urer, J. Stanley Burt: secretary, R. E. Shutts; senior deacon, Paul Stock; junior deacon, Francis Garrison; chaplain, Fred Windy; senior master of ceremonies, Howard Kellogg; junior master of ceremonies, Stanley Weaver; tiler, Kenneth Upcraft; trustees, Clifford Robinson, Ivan Pittroff and Charles Kranze; wise man, R. E. Shutts. THIRD ANNUAL BANQUET OF HANNIBAL LODGE No. 550, F. & A. M. In Honor of R. W. Henry G. Meacham, Grand Lecturer Wednesday Evening, May 18, 1938, 7 o'Clock PROGRAM Welcome, W. M. Howard Perkins; Song, "America"; Invocation, Rev. Wm. Wood; Selection, German Band; Introduction, Rev. F. W. McDer­ mott, Recipient of Rosa A. Hall Award; Selection, German Band; Ad­ dress, R. W. Henry G. Meacham, Grand Lecturer of the Grand Lodge of Masons in the State of New York; Selection, German Band; Benedic­ tion, Rev. F. W. McDermott. Officers-1938 W. M., Howard Perkins; S. W., Karl Kellogg; J. W., Paul Stock; Secretary, R. E. Shutts; Treasurer, J. S. Burt; Chaplain, Fred Windy; S. D., H. Kellogg; J. D., K. Upcraft; S. M. C., S. Weaver; J. M. C., L. Tyler; Tiler, Geo. Garrison; Marshal, H. Gillis; Trustees, C. Kranze, I. Pittroff, S. Kampel. FOURTH ANNUAL BANQUET OF HANNIBAL LODGE No. 550, F. & A. M. Honoring R. W. Gay H. Brown, Junior Grand Warden of the Grand Lodge of :the State of New York and R. W. Seth Kampel, Representative of the Grand Lodge of Mary- land Near the Grand Lodge of New York Friday Evening, May 19, 1939 PROGRAM Music, quartet; Welcon1e, Karl S. Kellogg, W. M., Hannibal Lodge, No. 550; Remarks, R. W., Wm. A. Prescott, D. D. G. M.; Presentation of 237 apron to R. W., Seth Kampe!, W. Howard Perkins; Music, quartet; Address, R. W., Gay H. Brown, Junior Grand Warden; Benediction, Rev. Wm. Wood, Chaplain, Hannibal Lodge, No. 550. MASONIC LODGE PAYS HONOR TO BROWN. KAMPEL Junior Grand Warden Speaks at Hannibal; Apron Given to Representative HANNIBAL, lV[ay 20.-Many Masons from the Oswego district at­ tended the fourth ahnual banquet of Hannibal Lodge No. 550, F. & A. M. Friday evening, at which Right Worshipful Gay H. Brown of Utica, junior grand warden of the Grand Lodge of the State of New York vvas principal speaker. Following a dinner at 6 :30 in the dining roon1 of the Masonic Temple, which was served by the women of Huldah Chapter 485, Order of Eastern Star, the program was held in the lodge room. Karl S. Kel­ logg, master of Hannibal lodge, gave the address of welcome, after which brief remarks were made by Right Worshipful William A. Prescott, Sandy Creek, district deputy grand master. The lodge paid honor also to Seth A. Kampe!, a past master of Han­ nibal lodge who was recently named as representative of the Grand Lodge of Maryland near the Grand Lodge of New York. On behalf of the lodge, Howard Perkins, a past master of Hannibal lodge, pre­ sented an apron, symbolic of the office of grand representative, to Mr. Kampel, and the latter expressed his appreciation and thanks to the members of the lodge. He also paid a tribute to the citizenship and ideals of the late R. W. Walter C. Matteson, a master of Hannibal lodge, district deputy and Oswego county clerk for eight years. Mr. Kampe! was master of Hannibal lodge in 1936 and 1937. In his first year as master, he inaugurated the annual lodge banquet, having as the first guest of honor, Willia1n Frederick Strang, Rochester, then junior grand warden. In his second year as master, the lodge was re­ decorated and remodeled and at the annual banquet the lodge was dedicated by Jacob C. Klinck of Brooklyn, then grand master of the State. Mr. Kampe! is no\v district service man, representing the Board of General Activities. The master then presented the honor guest, Mr. Brown, who is a former Supreme Court justice and now chief counsel to the State Public Service Commission. In his address, he dwelt upon the great need for leadership in the Masonic fraternity. Reviewing the last few years of Masonry in this state, Mr. Bro\vn said that Masonry has not seen its best days, as some pessimists hold, but that a great and im­ portant future lies ahead of the fraternity. I-le stressed the importance of having lodge masters and officers who will work to make and leave the world a better place in which to live. FIFTH ANNUAL BANQUET Hannibal Lodge 550, F. & A. M., at its fifth annual banquet jn Masonic Temple Thursday evening, April 18, 1940, celebrated its 75th anniversary of the lodge rechartering in 1865 with R. W. James W. Pearsons, Buffalo attorney, Grand Marshall of the New York Grand Lodge and R. W. Frank L. Smith, also of Buffalo, Chairman of the Grand Lodge Board of Activities as honor guests. Following the sumptuous fried chicken dinner served by the Huldah Chapter 485, 0. E. S., Mrs. Karl Kellogg, Matron, the celebration continued with Stanley Weaver, Senior Deacon, Master of ceremonies. R. W. Loyal McNeal, Parish District Deputy Grand Master, introduced the guests including rightworshipfuls District Deputy Grand Masters, William Prescott, Sandy Creek; Harry S. Andrews, Fulton: Edwin J. Mizen, Leon Bro\vn and George W. Bush, Oswego; R. W. Seth Kampe!, rep- 238 resentative of the Grand Lodge of Maryland. The welcome was ex­ tended by Master Paul Stock. He expressed his appreciation and that of Hannibal Lodge for the presence of the Grand officers and the many visiting brothers. Mr. Smith, in his re1narks, visioned Masonry as a great service organization of wonderful possibilities. The speaker commended highly the contributions of Oswego members R. W. George Bush and R. W. Clarence Leighton to the Grand Lodge Committee on Activities. Attorney Pearsons speaking on the subject "The Challenge to Mas­ onry" declared that courage and faith as shown by the followers of Gideon counted for more than mere numbers. The purpose of Masonry is to inculcate ideals ,,vhich 1notivate the lives of its members. Man at his best throws himself away for some worthy cause, thus, in place of loosing his life, finds it. Mr. Pearsons said that he was an optimistic pessimist for all things do and will work out for good. His wit and in­ spiration captured his audience. The benediction was given by the Chaplain, the Rev. William Wood. Among the one hundred guests present were Reginald Swinyard and Irving Reuber, masters of Aeonian and Oswego Lodges, Oswego; Carol Dudley, Cato; Charles Armstrong, Oswego; Harry Snider, Oswego; Paul Perlett, Asst. Grand Lecturer, Parish; M. J. Ellis, Pulaski; How­ ard Ellithorpe, Oswego; the Rev. Malcomson; Harold Gillis; Carol Wheeler, Coe Engle, Jan1es Shutts, John Palmer, Fulton; L. D. Har­ mon, Wade Gillis, Ira; Charles Jenkins, Jan1es Becker and F. H. Hosmer, Red Creek. Past Masters of Hannibal Lodge introduced were E. J. Fairley, Ivan Pittroff, Charles Kranze, Howard Perkins, M. H. Van Auken, R. E. Shutts, Clifford Robinson, Seth Kampel and Karl Kellogg. Chair.man Weaver read regrets from R. W. William F. Strang, Rochester and R. W., H. G. l\,leacham, Seneca Falls. The 1940 officers were: Paul Stock, Master; Howard Kellogg, Senior warden; Kenneth Upcraft, Junior warden; Stanley Weaver, Senior Deacon; Lloyd Tyler, Junior Deacon; Raymond E. Shutts, Secretary; J. S. Burt, Treasurer. There were 192 members in good standing at this time. In 1940 the Lodge owned the three-story block on th0 southeast cor­ ner of the public square and Auburn Street, purchased in 1933. The first floor was used for stores, the second was given to the Masonic Club rooms, the banquet hall and kitchen. HANNIBAL LODGE BURNS MORTGAGE May I, 1941 Another mortgage burning ceremony is reported, this time by Han­ nibal Lodge, No. 550, in Oswego County. The ceremony was held in connection with the lodge's annual banquet, with R. W. William F. Strang, Deputy Grand Master, guest of honor and principal speaker. The ceremony of burning the mortgage, ,vhich was most impressive, was in charge of W. Howard Perkins, Past Master, Chairman of the Trustees, and W. Howard Kellogg, Master. Before the match was set to the mortgage, W. Bro. Perkins gave a brief history of the temple, which was purchased in 1933 from the estate of the late Walter Matte­ son, a Past Master of Hannibal Lodge and former County Clerk. Num­ erous improvements were made and paid for by the lodge in succeed­ ing years and the temple was dedicated by Most Worshipful Jacob C. Klinck of Brooklyn during his term as Grand Master. Mr. Perkins paid a tribute to the late Charles N. Dietel of Fair Haven, holder of two notes of the lodge and through whose generosity and the cooperation of his fellow lodge members the debt was paid off. The only sad note of the evening was the announcement that Mr. Dietel, whose pres­ ence was expected to honor the occasion, died just before the meeting. He made a contribution of $250 to the lodge. 239 Bro. Stanley Weaver, Junior Warden of the Lodge, and general banquet chairman, presided at the meeting, which followed a ban­ quet ser"ed in the dining room by members of Huldah Chapter, No. 485, 0. E. S. A welcome was extended by W. Bro. Kellogg. R. W. John J. Reilly of Rochester, member of the Board of Trustees of the Masonic Hall and Asylum Fund, spoke briefly, as did R. W: John C. Henry, District Deputy, Oswego District. R. W. Edward Vanderlin of Rochester, Deputy Grand Marshal, then presented various present and past Grand Lpdge Officers. A surprise of the evening was the presentation to R. W. George W. Bush, ~e°:n of th~ Oswego Past District Deputies, of an. honorary membership in Hannibal Lodge, Brother Weaver making the presen­ tation. Benediction was pronounced by Rev. William Wood, chaplain, Han­ nibal Lodge. Others present were Edwin J. Mizen, Oswego; Seth Kampe!, Past Grand representative of the Grand Lodge of Maryland, Hannibal; William Prescott, Pulaski; Leon Brown, Oswego; Clarence Leighton, Oswego; Harry Andrews, Fulton; Charles Williams, West Monroe. All of these last named men are past district deputies in Oswego county. World War II (1941) On December 7, 1941, Japan attacked Pearl Harbor in the Hawaiians. Hannibal Lodge members who participated in the war were the following: Pvt. Victor Baitsell, Pfc. Karl Kellogg, S/Sgt. Howard Wil­ son, Lt. Dwight Grant, Lt. Col. Donald McKnight, Verne Wilde, Stanley Burt, Kenneth Archer, 1st Sgt. Golden Holmes, Pvt. Abner Jackson, Cpl. Francis Garrison, Lt. Miles Fairley, Capt. Raymond Sant, Willard C. Jones, Clifford Robinson, Wil­ liam Gault, Lloyd Everingham. Disastrous 1942 Fire On Thursday morning at 3:30 a. m., October 22, 1942, our Masonic Temple and equipment were entirely destroyed by fire. It burned five buildings and wrecked a sixth with a loss estimated at $40,000, but which proved to be much greater when later estimates were made. Our loss was great because we had recently completed remodeling the old lodge rooms which were quite satisfactory. Even before the ruins cooled, talk was heard about rebuilding a bigger and better temple. We had $5,000 insurance on the old building and $1,400 on equipment. This of course fell far short of replacing either. The Lodge voted to buy the adjoining Burt property at a meet­ ing held in the Methodist Church the following Sunday, October 25, 1942. This would enable the brethren to construct a larger temple and provide a chance for expansion. Regular communications had to be held in the Grange Hall until other arrangements could be made. Despite the fact that World War II was now at its full fury, with material and labor scarce, with prices skyrocketing and priorities needed, an organization meeting was held in the 240 Methodist Church. A building fund committee was named consisting of the following: James Harold Gillis, chairman, K~arl Kellogg, Paul Stock, Howard Kellogg, Harold Howland, Benjamin Thornber, Worden Chamberlain, Melzar Van Auken, Wade Gillis, Ivan Pittroff, Maurice Lockwood, Marvin Had­ cock, Howard Ellithorpe, Charles Kranze, Lloyd Tyler, William O'Brien and James Becker. Donations and contributions were accepted and bonds were sold. Ward Wiltse gave $100. These donations, together with the insurance and a $5,000 mortgage secured from l\llrs. Ida Tilford of Hannibal, provided a nucleus for building the new temple. The Market Basket Corporation aided considerably by an advancement of five years rent for a store in the new building. Plans were drawn up, estimates made and contracts let eventually to the John Rouse Construc­ tion Company of Gouverneur, N. Y., with the work being started in September, 1944. The ne\v temple was completed in 1945 at a total cost of $25,000 and at this writing (1949) there remains $6,000 unpaid. These bonds are held by members of the Lodge, some outsiders, and Oswego Lodge. Since that time there has been much work and energy ex­ pended to bring the building to its present condition. A game and recreation room has been built in the basement at a cost of $2,000 and other improvements made. In April, 1947, the Eastern Stars were very generous in presenting the Lodge with $600 worth of fine furniture and artistic urns which add greatly to the beauty and utility of the fraternal rooms. Brother Thomas Shafer gave $100 to be used in purchasing officers' jewels for use in Masonic ceremonies. A series of band con­ certs, a fair and Old Home Days have helped to liquidate a large part of the cost in an amazingly short time vvhich shows what the right kind of leadership, planning, initiative and am­ bition can accomplish. New Masonic Temple Dedication ( 1945) Supreme Court Justice Charles W. Froessel of Jamaica, L. I., Grand Master of Masons of the State of New York, Monday evening, October 29, 1945, dedicated the new temple of Hanni­ bal Lodge, No. 550, F. & A. M., before a gathering of 200 mem­ bers of the fraternity from Oswego and neighboring counties. The impressive dedication ceremony followed a turkey dinner for members of the Lodge and visitors. It was served by members of the Eastern Star chapter at the Community House. James H. Gillis, Master of Hannibal Lodge, opened the Lodge ceremony. The Grand Master was assisted in the dedication of the new temple, which replaced the one destroyed by fire on October 22, 1942, by Edward R. Carman, Jamaica, Grand Mar­ shal; Leland D. McCormac, Utica, Deputy Grand Marshal, and the following Past District Deputies of Oswego district: Leon 241 N. Brown, Oswego as Deputy Grand Master; William A. Pres­ cott, Pu.laski, as Senior Grand Warden; Seth Kampel, Hannibal, a former Grand Lodge representative, as Junior Grand War­ den; Roger Nash, Oswego, as Grand Secretary; Harvey L. Clarke, Phoenix, as Grand Treasurer; Harry S. Andrews, Ful­ ton, and John C. Henry, Oswego, as Grand Deacons. Howard Ellithorpe of Oswego acted as Grand Chaplain. District Deputy Edmund W. Vincent, Oswego, also assisted in the ceremony. Following the dedication, Judge Froessel delivered an ad­ dress, telling of the accomplishments of the Masonic War Chest and discussing other Grand Lodge achievements. Among the guests at the dedication were: George H. Han­ cock, Syracuse, chairman of Grand Lodge Committee on the George Washington Memorial; Jerome K. Cheney, Syracuse, member of Grand Lodge Committee on Constitutions; John A. Litts, Camden, District Deputy, Second Oneida district; Floyd J. Schupp, Syracuse, District Deputy, Onondaga; Frederick T. Deci, Palmyra, District Deputy, Wayne.

1945 Officers

Master, James H. Gillis; Senior Warden, Donald Gleason; Junior Warden, Clair Conroy; Secretary, Howard Perkins; Treasurer, M. H. Van Auken; Senior Deacon, Kenneth Wolven; Junior Deacon, Harry Cole; Chaplain, Wade Gillis; Senior l\!Iaster of Ceremonies, Victor Dennison; Junior Master of Cere­ monies, Raymond Timerson; Marshall, R. W. Seth Kampe!; Tiler, Rowland LaGasse.

Hannibal Lodge Masters and Secretaries, 1824-1949 MASTER SECRETARY 1824 John Grant or Gilbert Ephraim Reed 1825 John Bullen 1865 A. B. Wooster N. B. Brower 1866 A. B. Wooster N. B. Brower 1867 A. B. Wooster N. B. Brower 1868 E. H. Boyd N. B. Brower 1869 John Wiltse N. B. Brower 1870 Fred K. Eades N. B. Brower 1871 G. V. Ernens N. B. Brower 1872 E. H. Boyd N. B. Brower 1873 E. H. Boyd N. B. Brower 1874 E. H. Boyd N. B. Brower 1875 E. H. Boyd N. B. Brower 1876 E. H. Boyd Alfred Draper 1877 G. V. Emens C. Burns 1878 C. A. Nims W. H. Dillabaugh 1879 Cyrus Haven G. V. Emens, George H. Burt 1880 Cyrus Haven George H. Burt 1881 Cyrus Haven W. J. Brewster 1882 Gerard Clark L. B. Cooper, Bradford F. Byrne 1883 E. H. Boyd L.B. Cooper 242 MASTER SECRETARY 1884 E. H. Boyd A. N. Bradt 1885 E. H. Boyd A. N. Bradt 1886 E. H. Boyd N. B. Bro\ver 1887 E. H. Boyd N. B. Brower 1888 E. H. Boyd W. H. Wiggins 1889 E. H. Boyd W. H. Vliggins 1890 E. H. Boyd N. B. Brower 1891 E. H. Boyd C. B. Brower 1892 E. H. Boyd C. B. Brower 1893 E. H. Boyd C. B. Brower 1894 J. R. Chamberlain Gault Gifford 1895 G. J. Shutts W. H. Wiggins 1896 E. H. Boyd W. H. Wiggins 1897 E. H. Boyd W. H. Wiggins 1898 Clarence B. Brower W. H. Wiggins 1899 Clarence B. Brower W. C. Matteson 1900 Clarence B. Brower Claude L. Bradt 1901 Clarence B. Brower Frank Day 1902 Clarence B. Brower J. R. Chamberlain 1903 Clarence B. Brower J. R. Chamberlain 1904 Clarence B. Brower J. R. Chamberlain 1905 Clarence B. Brower J. R. Chamberlain 1906 Clarence B. Brower J. R. Chamberlain 1907 A. B. Byrne J. R. Chamberlain 1908 A. B. Byrne J. R. Chamberlain 1909 John H. Brackett J. R. Chamber lain 1910 W. C. Matteson J. R. Chamberlain 1911 W. C. Matteson J. R. Chamberlain 1912 Mark Minar J. R. Chamberlain 1913 Mark Minar J. R. Chamberlain 1914 L. W. Wiggins J. R. Chamberlain 1915 L. W. Wiggins J. R. Chamberlain 1916 W. C. Matteson J. R. Chamberlain 1917 Leon Porter J. R. Chamberlain 1918 Jerome Hyatt J. R. Chamberlain 1919 E. J. Fairley J. R. Chamberlain 1920 E. J. Fairley J. R. Chamberlain 1921 M. H. VanAuken J. R. Chamberlain 1922 M. H. VanAuken Orville Wiltse 1923 Glenn Cooper Orville Wiltse 1924 Glenn Cooper Orville Wiltse 1925 Frank Cooper M. G. Lock\vood 1926 Frank Cooper M. G. Lockwood 1927 Frank Cooper Elston Ecker 1928 Raymond Shutts M. G. Lockwood 1929 Raymond Shutts Charles Washburn 1930 Clifford Robinson J. R. Chainberlain 1931 Clifford Robinson J. R. Chamberlain 1932 Ivan Pittroff Raymond Shutts 1933 Ivan Pittroff Raymond Shutts 1934 Charles Kranze Raymond Shutts 1935 Charles Kranze Raymond Shutts 1936 Seth Kampel Raymond Shutts 1937 Seth Kampel Raymond Shutts 1938 Howard Perkins Raymond Shutts 1939 Karl Kellogg Raymond Shutts Hl40 Paul Stock Raymond Shutts 1941 Howard Kellogg Raymond Shutts 1942 Kenneth Upcraft Raymond Shutts, Karl Kellogg, Howard Perkins 243 MASTER SECRETARY 1943 Kenneth Upcraft Howard Perkins 1944 Lloyd Tyler Howard Perkins 1945 James H. Gillis Howard Perkins 1946 Donald Gleason Howard Perkins 194 7 Clair Conroy Howard Perkins 1948 Harry Cole Raymond Shutts 1949 James Best Raymond Shutts 194 7 Officers W. M., Clair Conroy; S. W., Harry Cole; J. W., James Best; Treasurer, W. B. Charles Kranze; Secretary, W. B. Howard Perkins; Chaplain, W. B. Donald Gleason; S. D., Harold Blanch­ ard; J. D., Wayne Gleason; S. M. C., Chester Pearce; J. M. C., Harry Fowler; Stewards, Curtis Cooper, Edwin Deming; Mar­ shal, Thomas Leonard; Organist, W. B. Joe Wallace; Tiler, Ward Barlow. Fifty-Year Members-Bro. James Jackson, Bro. Orville Wiltse. Trustees-W. B. Lloyd Tyler, W. B. Harold Gillis, W. B. Donald Gleason. 1948 Officers At the meeting of Hannibal Lodge Wednesday evening, W. B. Howard Ellithorpe of Oswego installed the following officers for 1948: W. M., Harry Cole; S. W., James Best; J. W., Harold Blanchard; Treasurer, Charles Kranze; Secretary, Raymond Shutts; Chaplain, Clair Conroy; S. D., Wayne Gleason; J. D., William Shutts; S. M. C., Anthony Westerman; J.M. C., Edwin Deming; Stewards, Homer Dailey and lv1erle Longley; Marshal, Thomas Leonard; Pianist, Joseph Wallace, and Tiler, Charles Sabin. 1949 Officers James Best, Worshipful Master; Harold Blanchard, Senior Warden; Wayne Gleason, Junior \,Varden; William Shutts, Sen­ ior Deacon; Anthony Westerman, Junior Deacon; Edward Dem­ ing, Senior Master of Ceremonies; Charles Sabin, Junior Mas­ ter of Ceremonies; Raymond Shutts, Secretary; Charles Kranze, Treasurer; Raymond Cooper, Chaplain; Raymond Crego, Marshal; Elwood Shafer and Courtney Fowler, Stew­ ards; John Crego, Tiler, and Joseph A. Wallace, Organist. The officers were installed by Howard Ellithorpe of Oswego, an honorary member of Hannibal Lodge. Growth of Free Masonry in Hannibal. N. Y. 1824-Early history of movement. 1824 (July 24)-Petition to Grand Lodge. 1824 (Dec. 18)-Charter of Dispensation granted. 244 1826-Masons conjointly occupy building with Congrega- tional Society. 1832-Morgan Affair. 1834-John Bullen forms Western Emigration Company. 1835-John Bullen founds city of Kenosha, Wisconsin. 1864 (Jan. 13)-Second petition to the Grand Lodge. 1865 (June)-Second Lodge instituted (third floor of new town hall). 1866-State passes Enabling Act. 1873 (July 3)-Fire destroys lodge rooms in town hall (charter lost). 1873-74-Lodge occupies room in Eli C. Van Auken's hotel. 1874-Lodge leases rooms in Union Hall for 10 years. Hannibal's Masonic leaders. 1933-Masons purchase Matteson block. 1936-First annual banquet. 1937-Second annual banquet. 1938-Third annual banquet. 1939-Fourth annual banquet. 194O-Fifth annual banquet. 1941 (l\tiay 1)-Lodge burns mortgage. 1941 (Dec. 7)-World War II begins. Masonic honor roll. 1942 (Oct. 22)-Fire destroys Lodge rooms (charter lost). 1944 (Sept.)-Work on new building started. 1945-New temple completed and dedicated. 1824-1949-List of Masters and Secretaries. 1949-Present membership. 1949-Final summary of growth and future outlook. 1949 Masonic Roll Call Wilfred M. Ada1ny, Franklyn Adsitt, Raymond Adsitt, Albon Aiken, Arthur Allen, Harry B. Allen, Clarence Althouse, Harold Anderson, Fred J. Anthony, Kenneth M. Archer, Fred Austin. James Bailey, Victor Baitsell, J. H. Baker (honorary), Jay D. Bald­ win, Ward Barlow, Carl Becker, James Becker, Charles H. Beckwith, Edgar H. Beebe, William H. Bellinger, James S. Best, Harry R. Betts, Harold Blanchard, Levi N. Brackett, Sheldon Brackett, Claude J. Bradt, Harry P. Brown, Donald Burdick, Andrew D. Burgdorf, Charles H. Burgdorf, J. Stanley Burt, Ulysses S. Burton, Lester Butler, May­ nard B. Byrne. Corydon S. Chamberlain, Worden D. Chamberlain, William H. Chill­ son, John Clancy, Fred J. Cole, George W. Cole, Harry Cole, Rev. James Collea, Fred J. Combs, Cl.air Conroy, Charles Cooper, Curtis A. Cooper, John M. Cooper, Raymond Cooper, Edward Cosser, Fred E. Cox, John W. Cox, Orville Crandall, John Crego, Raymond Crego. Homer D. Dailey, Leon Darling, William E. Davenport, Isaac De­ Hollander, Ed\vin J. Deming, Victor Dennison, Joseph W. De Shane, Gordon E. Dibble, Hurd B. Douglas, Frank S. Dunham. Leonard G. Earle, Grant Ecker, Ralph Ecker, Howard Ellithorpe (honorary), Coe P. Engle, Neil B. Engle, Lloyd Everingham. Miles E. Fairley, George A. Follett, Alfred Forsythe, Courtney Fow­ ler, Harry C. Fow·ler, Raymond J. Fowler, Eugene Fresch. Francis Garrison, Carl Gary, William Gault, Elihu R. Gifford, James H. Gillis, Wade H. Gillis, Donald Gleason, Wayne B. Gleason, Cedric A. 245 Goodman, Stanley Goodman, Allen Grant, Russell H. Grant, John C. Gray, Thomas Gray, James A. Greenwald. Leon Hadcock, Marvin Hadcock, Kenneth Hall, Sidney R. Hall, Dr. G. B. Hanford, L. D. Harmon, Arthur Harris, Kenneth F. Harris, Leon Harris, Roy Harris, Edgar Hewitt, Donald Hill, Ross Hill, Golden Holmes, Harold E. Howland, William H. Hull. Lee Irwin, Abner Jackson, J atnes Jackson, J. Wayne Jackson, Leon Jackson, Willard C. Jones. Dr. John J. Kalamarides, Everett Kampel, Seth Ka1npel, Lewis H. Kastler, Harry Kerney, Howard Kellogg, Karl Kellogg, Bert Kelly, Carroll Kelly, Fred Kent, Charles Kranze, Roy Kranze, Winfield Kranze. Rowland H. LaGasse, George Lamb (honorary), Thon1as W. Leonard, Fritz Lichenhei1n, Homer Lindsley, Harris C. Lockwood, Maurice G. Lockwood, Ernest J. Lonis, George J. Longley, Merle E. Longley. Rev. Floyd McDermott, George W. McFarland, Charles McIntyre, Donald G. McKnight, George McMillen, Walter Manning, Mahlon B. Matteson, Harold A. Merrill, Harry Merriman, Rev. Paul E. Merritt, Vincent Merz, Harold W. Metcalf, Donald Mott, John L. Muckey, Adel­ bert Myers. William O'Brien, Giles C. Pearce, Warren J. Pelton, Howard Perkins, Charles E. Petrie, George Pettit, Donald E. Phippen, Ivan Pittroff, Ray­ mond Place, Herman Plummer, Willis Powell, Fred W. Powers, Harry Powers. Clifford Robinson, Edward Ryder, Charles A. Sabin, Leon Sayre, Frank Scott, Dr. Benjainin Seidenberg, Elwood Shafer, James B. Shappee, Grover C. Showers, James Shutts, James William Shutts, Raymond E. Shutts, William D. Shutts, Frederick L. Simmons, Ben­ jamin D. Smith, Eldred Smith, Harlow Smith, Carl Starr, Paul F. Starr, Paul Stock, Gordon W. Sturge, Joseph Summerville, Wilford H. Sum­ rnerville, William J. Summerville. Robert Thompson, Benjamin Thornber, Raymond Timerson, Rev. Samuel Truscott, Lloyd Tyler, Clarence Umbeck, Kenneth Upcraft, Melzar Van Auken, Brink Van Hoesen, Earl Van Patten, Ford Viele. Alfred Wagner, Floyd C. Waldron, Harvey D. Ware, Daniel F. Wash­ burn, Lloyd Washburn, Stanley Weaver, Rev. Leland Webster, Win­ fred Welling, Leslie \Vells, Anthony Westerman, Conrad Westerman, Carol Wheeler, Leon Wheeler, Logan White, Rev. Leonard B. Whit­ ney. Rev. George Wiesen, Le\vis W. Wiggins, John J. Wilde, Verne Wilde, Fred Williams, Russell A. Williams, Grant Wilson, Howard M. Wilson, James N. Wilson, Kenneth Wolven, Rev. William C. Wood, Stanley Wooley, William L. Worden. Growth and Future of Masonry in Hannibal Throughout the 125 years of its recorded history, Masonry in Hannibal has continued to grow, not only in a physical sense, from a few members in its beginning here to 230 members at the present writing, but also in a spiritual sense. In its earlier days Masonry was, and still remains, a secret order, one which strove to inculcate in its adherents love of God, high regard for moral and social values, and obedience to civil law. Now in later years, recognizing the tremendous potential force for good which lies in the combined efforts of \vell over 300,000 Masons in the State of New York, Masonry has emerged from behind its tiled doors to throw its strength behind a 246 great humanitarian effort-the Masonic Foundation for Medi­ cal Research and Human Welfare. This constitutes an attempt to discover the cause and possible cure for rheumatic fever. In the first two years of the drive for funds to be dedicated to this great cause, Hannibal Lodge No. 550 was successful in raising approximately $1,000. In a more local sense Masonry has become increasingly aware of the needs and responsibilities to be found in the community. As a result, Hannibal Lodge has sponsored a Boy· Scout troop, given aid and encouragement to the establishment of a free library, made a substantial con­ tribution in money and the efforts of its representatives in the institution and continuation of a summer recreation program for the youth of the community, and many other worthwhile causes. So, like many other communities in our state and nation, Hannibal finds the history of its founding and the events of the succeeding years to be closely interwoven \Vith that of Masonry, to whom it owes much for furnishing not only civic leaders, outstanding business and professional men and sol­ diers, but also, for what is the very solid core of any decent and enterprising city or village-good citizens. Organization of Order of Eastern Star Huldah Chapter 485 Huluah Chapter, No. 485, Order of Eastern Star, was organ­ ized through the efforts of Mrs. Laura Byrne. It was instituted by Elizabeth Chapter of Fulton in June, 1910, with 35 charter members, and received its charter in October of that same year. The first officers ,vere Mrs. Laura Byrne, Worthy Matron; Mrs. Ella Bothwell, Associate Matron; Andrew Byrne, Worthy Patron; Helen Matteson, Conductress; Zilpha Powers, Asso­ ciate Conductress; Helen Fairley, Secretary; Miriam Acker, Treasurer; Ellen Porter, Chaplain; Bessie Porter, Marshal; Lena Jerrett, Color Bearer; Bessie Barnum, Musician; Susan Broderick, Warder; Hiram Blodgett, Sentinel; Winifred Brack­ ett, Adah; lvlildred Jackson, Ruth; Erma Mayer, Esther; Ethel Minar, Martha; Florence Wright, Electa. Other charter mem­ bers were Melvina Acker, Phila Byrne, Mrs. Nettie Blodgett, Dora Baker, Anna Chan1berlain, Florence Chapman, Laura Day, Anna Edwards, Edna Kellogg, Marietta Lockwood, Anna Montgomery, Lora Shutts, Ella Taylor, Ada VanAuken, Flor­ ence Watkins, Belle Wiggins. Worthy Matrons who have served through the years are Ella Bothwell, Helen Matteson, Miriam Acker, Mildred Jackson, Winifred Brackett, Etta N aracon, Estelle Hyatt Webb, l'vlary Byrne, Helen Fairley, Lou Kent, Ethel Phillips Gault, Emily Cox, Bertha Garrison, Lucille Kranze, Hattie Tyler, Gertrude Kellogg, Orrie Pettigrue, Millie Sprague, Sadie Adamy, Flossie Axtell, Ruth Kampel, Helen Shutts, Florence Shutts, Etta Davenport, Marjorie Jackson, Flossie Kellogg, Leota Cole, 247 Hazel Lockwood, Marjorie Hadcock, Irene Wooley, Mabel Robinson, Reta Ecker, Tressa Gleason, Catherine Dailey an

248 Civic Organizations

Frances Branch Sunshine Society :IE International Sunshine Society was organized in 1896 T through the efforts of Tulrs. Cynthia Westover Alden of N evv York, who, in her efforts to bring sunshine to needy and un­ happy people, felt the need of an organization comprising branches throughout the world. The object for which the society was formed \Vas to incite its members to the perform­ ance of good deeds and to thus bring the sunshine of happiness into the greatest possible number of hearts and homes. One of the chief objects of the society became the establishment and maintenance of the Arthur Home for Blind Babies at Summit, New Jersey. The local branch of the International Sunshine Society was organized about 50 years ago. Most of the records of the early meetings of the Society were lost in the fire which destroyed the home of the late J. Q. Farnham, so it is impossible to be certain of all that took place at the time of the organization of the local branch. At this time the ladies of North Hannibal and vicinity \Vere members of a Missionary Society which met each month at the home of one of the members. News of the then quite new International Sunshine Society had reached some of the ladies and they were instrumental in organizing a local branch. This organization meeting was held at the home of Mrs. E. A. Newman and Miss Matie Newman was the first president. At first this local branch was not connected with the International Society, but, after it came under the jurisdiction of the higher organization and received a charter, the Arthur Home was the recipient of much help from this branch. The name, Frances Branch, was bestowed in honor of Mrs. Frances Cox. who was a great worker for the cause and who was responsible for much of the success of the society. In the early days, as at present, much was done by the Society to help needy ones, shut-ins, and to bring sunshine into the lives of unfortunate people. Blankets, shoes and other necessary articles were bought for people who could not have them otherwise. A telephone was installed for a shut-in. Some of the early presidents were Mrs. A. B. Keeney, Mrs. Eva Farnham and Miss Rose Farnham, who continued in that office for years until the end of her life. Miss Farnham devot- 249 ed much of her time and strength to make the Society a suc­ cess. Mrs. Martha Eckard also carried on the work most effic- iently. . Those sharing the duties of president for the present year (1949) are Mrs. Carrie Beckwith, Mrs. Elizabeth lvicGlen, Mrs. Dorothy Williams and Mrs. Beatrice DuGay. Mrs. Alfred Shutts, lVIrs. E. P. Farnham. Mrs. Tryphena Bar­ low, Mrs. Mary Farnham, l\!Irs. Louise McLaurry and many others worked with a will in the local branch. These members have all passed on, but the work they started is still carried on by their children and grandchildren and by others who have become interested in the work. At present there are two mem­ bers of the Society who are the fifth generation to belong­ Nancy Elizabeth l\:IcGlen and Mary Elizabeth Williams, great, great-granddaughters of Mrs. Dennis McCarthy, who was a charter member of the Society. The International Sunshine motto is a pretty good guide for daily living: Have you had a kindness shown? Pass it on! 'Twas not meant for you alone, Pass it on! Let it travel down the years, Let it wipe another's tears, Till in Heaven the deed appears. Pass it on! Hannibal Free Library ( 1945-49) In the spring of 1945, at a meeting of citizens of Hannibal who were interested in a public library, a committee or board was appointed to go about the business of establishing such a library. This group met on May 7, 1945, and chose oflicers as follows: President, Mrs. Leon Jackson; vice-president, Mrs. Eugene McCahan; treasurer, Harold Blanchard; secretary, Rev. Leland Webster; head librarian, Mrs. Louis Johnson. Miss Fanny Rhoades offered a room in her home for the li­ brary, rent free and with heat and light furnished. This offer was gratefully accepted. The first books of the library were donated. The members of the Library Board and several townspeople spent one whole summer getting these books properly accessioned. The official opening of the new library took place on September 1, 1945. During the first year the Library was supported by funds raised by solicitation and the untiring efforts of the members of the Library Board. The Library was then given one hund­ red dollars by the state to be spent entirely on books. Later the Village of Hannibal helped support this worthy cause by an additional amount of two hundred dollars which was es­ pecially appreciated. In the spring ~f 1948 the library was moved into the remodel­ ed former firehouse and a grand opening was held on April 26th, followed by a dedication banquet on April 30th, with Miss 250 Mosher of the New York State Library Association at Albany as speaker. The Library has steadily grovvn and the list of borrowers, number of books and circulation of the books has steadily in­ creased. During Book Week held November 14-20, 1948, a total of 2,333 books were taken out by readers which was an increase of 1,271 over the 1947 circulation of 1,062. New registrants in 1948 numbered 165, while in 1947 only 29 new registrants were recorded. The Library has established a library station at Hannibal High School for out-of-town children and has acted as a distri­ bution center for the Albany Circulating Library for books to rural teachers. Mrs. Kenenth Tyler and Mrs. Harold Blanchard were elected trustees for the 1949-52 term. Hannibal Civic Club On March 13, 1947, a group of business men and women met at the High School building to form an organization later known as the Hannibal Civic Club. Officers elected for one year were: President, William Shutts; vice-president, Karl Kellogg; secretary and treasurer, Jennie Travis. Resolutions and by-laws were dra\vn up. The aims of the association are civic improvement, including the areas of health, sanitation, business and industry, education and rec­ reation. Meetings are held the fourth Wednesday in each month and are open to the public. The Club has helped the public library and the youth asso­ ciation by giving sizeable cash donations. It also works in cooperation with the town and village boards for improve­ ments in both town and village. Securing a permanent local doctor is a present problem being undertaken. Hannibal Civic Club is a member of the State Department of Commerce and Ray Castle of the Syracuse Department of Commerce has visited the local organization several times. Howard Kellogg was president in 1948-49, and George Mc­ Millen was elected for the year 1949-50. Jennie Travis has served as secretary and treasurer since the association ,vas started.

251 Postoffices

*Hannibalvill~Established November 4. 1816 OSTMASTERS and dates of appointment: Asa Dunton, P November 4, 1816; William Henry, May 21, 1818; Elnathan Bassett, October 10, 1820; Alfred Willis (or Nellis), June 4, 1821; John Bullen, Jr., January 22-3, 1822; John Bullen, Jr., Decem­ ber 16, 1834; Thomas Skelton, September 21, 1836; Alfred Rice, June 2, 1849; Alexander l\ilclnroy, February 14, 1853; Palmer Ketcham, April 6, 1853; Edwin H. Boyd, March 11, 1859; Wil­ liam H. Wiggins, March 12, 1861; Alfred B. Worster, February 7, 1865; J arnes W. Burt, October 15, 1868; Archibald S. Guthrie, February 13, 1882; Edwin H. Boyd, August 18, 1885; James W. Burt, March 19, 1889; Dillon F. Acker, September 19, 1891; Clar­ ence B. Brower, May 8, 1893; David Bothwell, May 4, 1897; Ber­ nice Raymond Bothwell, September 1, 1913; Andrew B. Byrne, August 19, 1914; William H. Chillson, Jr., March 18, 1919; Ber­ nice R. Bothwell, July 31, 1920; Mrs. Agnes Mead, February 24, 1934. tHannibal Centre-Established July 14. 1849 Alexander Hulett, July 14, 1849; Chauncey B. Hancock, July 7, 1853; William Titus, March 17, 1856; William W. Brack­ ett, April 4, 1862; Isaac T. Brackett, December 5, 1865; Hubert Dickinson, April 28, 1873; Israel Tompkins, July 23, 1886; Rienza R. Knowlton, March 27, 1889; Ricardo N. Cooley, July 11, 1893; Rienza R. Knowlton, June 16, 1897; William M. I(nowlton, January 3, 1901; Bert T. Pooler, February 24, 1902; Charles A. Rogers, July 21, 1904. Office discontinued July 14, 1906. ;Kinney's Four Corners-Established December 23, 1826 James Martin, Jr., Dece1nber 23, 1826; Samuel Allen, June 6, 1864; James lviartin, July 7, 1864; Aaron Kellogg, May 7, 1866; Mrs. Mary Kellogg, May 27, 1875; Mrs. Eliza E. Shutts, August 26, 1879; Willis Wiltse, December 26, 1882; Alice A. Eaton, August 9, 1893. Office discontinued September 10, 1898. Office re-established January 11, 1899. Willis Wiltse, January 11,

"'The na.me uf thii:; office was written as Ha,nnihalYille l)etwel·n 1822 and 1827 a11d during tlw l,ttll'r year wa~ (_'\hang·ed to Ha.nnihal. tXaml.! of office <_•han~·l,d to Hannibal Center .July 11, l8!l:3. :j:Xame of office chang·ed to Kinney Four Corner~ Augu:;t ~l, 1893. 252 1899; Ann McDonald, May 7, 1902. Office discontinued Novem­ ber 30, 1904. North Hannibal-Established Au.gust 7. 1867 John Farnham, August 7, 1867; John A. Cox, April 30, 1872; Martin H. Cox, June 24, 1873; William Remington, August 18; 1885; Rufus Day, March 23, 1889; George N. Farnham, Jr., August 8, 1893; Rufus Day, July 12, 1897. Office discontinued May 15, 1907. §Hull's Corners-Established July 2. 1836 Burr Hull, July 2, 1836; Ransford Case, June 2, 1855; Mrs. Theresa Case, lvlarch 1, 1860; Martin V. Connell, May 21, 1869; Isaiah N. Meeker, April 1, 1879; N. M. Shattuck, June 12, 1882; Sanford D. Wells, May 14, 1883; Edwin Wilcox, April 18, 1889; Eugene Wilcox, December 21, 1892; Edmund J. Wells, April 18, 1895; George H. Wolven, June 2, 1898; Frank Terpening, March 13, 1899. Office discontinued July 14, 1906. xFair Dale-Established August 3, 1858 John Forsyth, August 3, 1858; Elijah L. Ormsby, April 14, 1862; Jacob Noble Blakeslee, April 28, 1874; Elwin C. Lamp­ man, December 13, 1880; James A. Barrus, January 4, 1882; Wil­ liam Gallagher, August 18, 1885; James A. Barrus, April 26, 1889; Simon Stevens, November 29, 1889; James A. Barrus, September 19, 1891; David Barrus, December 7, 1892; William Gallagher, April 13, 1894; Leon Youngs, March 16, 1898; David Barrus, April 21, 1903. Office discontinued February 21, 1905. Hannibal R. F. D. Carriers Route 1 carriers were Harvey Wheeler, appointed July 1, 1902, and Raymond Cole, ,vho drove for a short time. The present rural free delivery carrier on Route 1 is Raymond Shutts, who was appointed March 1, 1921. Route 2 was covered by Rockwell Powers, appointed Decem­ ber 15, 1903, followed by Harry Powers and Bertha Garrison. Wilfred Adamy took over the route on December 16, 1921, carrying the mail with a horse and buggy. He was officially appointed by Postmaster General Hayes on February 1, 1922. He carried the mail for 27 years, retiring on September 1, 1948, at age 62. Mr. Adamy is being succeeded temporarily by Don­ ald Wheeler, son of Mr. and Mrs. Roland Wheeler. A per­ manent appointment will be made by civil service test in the near future. Route 3 was covered by Melzar Van Auken, who was ap­ pointed as a regular rural free delivery carrier on December 1, 1904. When l\1r. Van Auken retired on December 1, 1934, ------·- xNa.me of off ice changed to Fairdale April 1:1, 1 S94. §Xame of offke ehang-ed to South Hannibal July 24, 1855. 253 after 30 years of service, Route 3 was divided between Ray­ mond Shutts on Route 1 and Wilfred Adamy on Route 2. September 13, 1917 HANNIBAL POSTOFFICE IS ROBBED Office Broken Into-Blankets Taken From Harness Shop and Both Blacksmith Shops Entered At last crime has struck Hannibal in a most terrible form and the local postoffice has been broken into with intent to rob. Much excitement was caused Wednesday morning when it was found that yeggs had entered the town and collecting what tools they needed from the blacksmith shop of Frank Engle and that owned by Thomas Thompson had attempted to gather what booty the postoffice afforded. The robbers took several new blankets from the harness shop of A. F. 1.Vagner and wetted them thoroughly. They evidently intended to blow up the safe. After effecting an entrance and finding the safe open the blankets were discarded. They were covered with mud and water however and are practically spoiled. The safe which is almost new, is seldom locked at night and the money and valuables are otherwise taken care of. This proves in this case to be an excellent idea. It is reported that about $4 worth of stamps were taken but the loss was fortunately small. The matter has been re­ ported to the authorities and we hope the thieves will soon be appre­ hended. 1932-49 Postoffice According to law, a count of all mail is made on R. F. D. routes during the period from May 1-15 of each year. In 1932, When B. R. Bothwell was postmaster, the local office served 525 patrons by three routes covering 100 miles. The first route was established in 1902 under the direction of Post­ master David Bothwell. The routes in 1932 covered almost the entire town and extended into Sterling. On the north, Oswego served several patrons of Hannibal, on the east, Fulton, on the southwest, Martville. The routes cover about the same areas and distances today as they did then. New Building and Equipment After the disastrous fire of October 22, 1942, the Masons erected a new building. Before this the postoffice had been housed in unsuitable quarters furnished with antiquated equip­ ment suitable only for Noah's Ark, as one postoffice official remarked. Through the efforts of the present postmistress, Agnes H. Mead, the postoffice was moved into new quarters in April, 1945, and modern up-to-date equipment and screen line were secured and installed in November, 1945. These new quarters and equipment are appreciated by the patrons and the village as the following facts will show. In 1932, the number of boxes rented was 80. On July 1, 1949, there were 150. The number of money orders written has in­ creased from 5,000 to 10,000 in the same period. Postal receipts, 254 such as sale of stamps, etc., has nearly doubled per year. Clerk hire has increased from three hours per day to full time eight­ hour-per-day clerk, thus providing more efficient service to patrons. All other services have increased accordingly. The present two longer routes better serve the rural patrons than the three short ones did. As these figures go to show, Hannibal postoffice is keeping up with the growth and changes brought about by the times. Postoffice Locations The office has been in the old Grange Hall, now owned by Kenneth Hall, the Town Hall, where Umbeck's service station stands, in a building which burned and stood where Scott's hardware is now, in a building now occupied by Earl Van Pat­ ten's gas station, in Westerman's hardware, in the present Market Basket, the south end of the building now owned by William Shutts, and its present location in the new Masonic building.

:····· ,· -:.·:·. -;'·'

.,

HA~~IHAI, l<"HEE LIHH.\H\' ThiN hnlldh1g. fornu•rly the old fire lloUNt•, IN loentNI 011 A11h11r11 !'Hret•C. It wn,c built In 19:!fS. 255 Firelllen

Hannibal Village Firemen Organize (1910) OR some time agitation for fire protection had been heard F in the village as fire did considerable damage to property owners the same as it does today. The village board members at this time were: President, Archibald S. Guthrie; trustees, Gilbert J. Shutts and James W. Edwards. James Haven, Jr., was clerk. At a special village· board meeting held August 23, 1910, it was moved and carried that the board purchase a chemical fire engine from the American LaFrance Fire Engine Co. for the sum of $500. The first apparatus was a two-wheeled, hand-dra\vn chemical cart which was later mounted on a Ford chassis by Jay Camp­ bell. Incorporation "We, the undersigned, ten in number, all natural persons, of full age, citizens of the United States and residents of the vil­ lage of Hannibal in the county of Oswego and State of New York, desiring to form a Fire Corporation pursuant to the provisions of Article V of the Membership Corporations Law of the State of New York, do hereby make, sign, acknowledge and file this certificate for that purpose." The ten directors signing on November 8, 1910, were: Walter C. Matteson, Leon E. Porter, Mark H. Minar, John McFarland, Frank E. Day, James B. Burt, R. A. Bradt, Hurd B. Douglas, Thomas F. Thompson, Bernie R. Bothwell. At a special village board meeting held on November 10, 1910, the following resolution was unanimously adopted: "Re­ solved that this board consent and does hereby consent to the incorporation of the Hannibal Fire Company, a proposed fire corporation to act in the village of Hannibal, N. Y., and to be organized and incorporated under Article V of the Membership Corporations Law of the State of New York." The first fire house was built in 1926 and now houses the Hannibal Free Library. The first fire chief was Rienza Bradt, who operated a flour and feed store in the village. Mark Minar was elected the sec­ ond chief, followed by Julius Knapp. 256 Bernice Bothwell was secretary from 1922 until 1934 and it is not known for how long before this, as records seem to be lost. Some volunteer firemen \vho have given much time and energy have been Walter Youngs, Ellis and Raymond Cro­ foot, Roneth Engle, Carol Wheeler, Raymond Shutts, Kenneth Tyler, Curtis Cooper, \Vard Lyons, Raymond Scott, Clifford Kellogg, Harold Blanchard, Clive Mead, Harry Cole, Donald Gleason, Lloyd Van Dusen, Lewis Bombard, Anthony Wester­ man, Leonard B. Whitney, Frank Patane, Douglas Montclair, William Prior, Jr., Otis Sennett, Benjamin DiBello, John Di­ Bello and Kenneth Pratt. The late William Byrne and Mrs. Byrne made loans to help the Firemen's Association from time to time. The second and present fire house was finished December 23, 1947, by Harry Cole and Charles Townsend. In 1949 a sec­ ond story floor was added and meetings can be held upstairs. The company has answered 52 calls from the beginning of the year up to July 19, 1949. Hannibal Fire Chiefs Elected and served-*1910-23, Rienza Bradt, Mark Minar, Julius I(napp; 1923-25, A. J. Andrews; 1925-29, Julius Knapp; 1929-30, Lloyd Tyler; 1930-31, William H. Chillson; 1931-33, Rienza Bradt; 1933-47, Lloyd Tyler; 1947-48, Raymond Scott; 1948-49, Lloyd Tyler. The 1949 officers of the Hannibal Volunteer Fire Company are: Lloyd Tyler, fire chief; Leonard Whitney, secretary; Ray­ mond Scott, Treasurer. *Date of electioin uncertain.

257 Granges

Golden Sheaf Grange, No. 587 N response to the deep felt need of many people of Hannibal I and vicinity for a more abundant social and intellectual life, a meeting was called for the evening of April 25, 1889, to dis­ cuss the possibility of forming a Grange. County Deputy Veeder Green of Mexico and John U pcraft, Past Master of Hope Grange at Southwest Oswego, were present at that meet­ ing which was held in a small building then used by B. F. Byrne as a harness shop and now used as a residence by Frank Hewitt. With their help a Grange with a charter membership of forty was organized that evening. The following were the first officers: Master, Lester Lonis; overseer, Julius P. Rhoades; lecturer, Andrew Byrne; steward, Owen Draper; assistant steward, J. G. Shutts; chaplain, Erwin Shutts; treas­ urer, R. A. Powers; secretary, R. L. Smith; gatekeeper, A. C. Hallows; Pomona, Amanda Rhoades; Flora, Bettie M. Lonis; Ceres, Addie Hallows; lady assistant steward, Phila Byrne. "The following week a hall was rented and the necessary furniture procured. At the first meeting (held shortly after the organization meeting) six more persons desirous of becom­ ing charter members were obligated and Golden Sheaf Grange No. 587 began its career with a charter membership of 46-24 men and 22 women. On June 1, 1889, the first crindidates were initiated." The following are believed to have been charter members of Golden Sheaf Grange: Burr Curtis, Mary Curtis, Julia Draper, Fayette Eldridge, Charlotte Eldridge, Eva Gilbert, James Gillis, Prudence Gillis, Benjamin Hinman, Mina Hinman, Wil­ liam Henthorne, Mary Henthorne, Samuel Hall, Fred Manning, James Montgomery, Anna Montgomery, Belle Powers Wheel­ er, Harvey Perkins, Frank Palmer, Alice Palmer, Margaret Shutts, Mary Shutts, Alfred Strong, Mary Strong, Ezra B. Tucker, Helen Tucker, Frederick Wiltse, Thomas Welling, Philema Williams, William Williams, Mary A. "'N illiams, Lester Lonis, Bettie Lonis, Julius Rhoades, Amanda Rhoades, Andre,v Byrne, Phila Byrne, Owen Draper, J. G. Shutts, Erwin Shutts, R. A. Powers, R. L. Smith, A. C. Hallows, Addie Hallows, Mr. and Mrs. Brackett. Some of the Masters of Golden Sheaf Grange have been William H. Williams, 1895; Rockwell Powers, 1902; Joel 258 ..... 4• )I,

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GOl,))(~.X SUE.\(◄., GHANGE No. :;s;, HANXIIIAI,. x. Y. {181>9-1900) To1• Hen,· Stiuuling·: Eel. Crofoot, "\Vlllhun Urn1>er, Jn1ues Hoskins, Dnulel Ilr•n,·n, ,vnlhnn ,,.illhnns, Er1u-st J,onb,, .A 1110H C'owl­ t•s. Pett•r ,,·t•lllng, :uni. Asa ,·nn ~nut"ord, :un~. '.\lurthu Hrown, l\lrs. Gene Loo1nls, 1\lrs. Shneon SlluHs. ~irnt•on Sllut-ts. Pnyette l~hlrltlt,r;1.•, o,,·1.•11 Ur111u.•r. ,\.._Ntt Yun Sunford. Stn1ullnu; Center: l,ucie CrofooC, 1'li11nie \\"lllhuus, J,~,·n Sl111Us Pnhner, .Adell .Albrhag- ,vh1t .... l.•!f.lltl1 1..onl .. ,,·t•tN.... •••• .. >· J.>o,,-... r,...... ,...,. ltlu. l)un.1:on. S••11t••tl (:••nt••••• !\l1•H. llt•tth• l,oHIN Au,c·11..,t1 ■ H l•~ldrlcl,,1:,••• !tlr,c «-.ir- e n n n ,~ · re s ■ \:IIIP rarz:zs ?Jss :•::- :tins:· -•--- ,,,-,,-·,, nrscz ■ ,,,- ■ -• ..., ______,.... ____ ...... __ --·--·•-·------· ·- Sprague, 1910; Harvey R. Wheeler, 1914, 1935; Fred Manning, 1915; Maynard Lonis, 1939. Membership in 1914 totaled 237. Golden Sheaf Grange Programs December, 1913 Song, Grange; "Christmas Sixty Years Ago," Lecturer; "Memories of My Childhood's Christmas," Grange; "Yule Time," Louise Ham­ mond; recitation, Ella Wheeler; solo, Mrs. H. Wheeler; recitation, Mrs. E. Lonis; "The Postman's Story," Mabel Eckard; solo, Mary Adamy; reading, E. Lonis; "The Christn1as Poem," Lulu Adamy; song, Grange. Children's Day, June, 1915 The following program was given Saturday night in charge of Worthy Flora, Mrs. George Duttry: Singing, Grange; Welcome, Charles Skutt; "Looking for Faults," Louise Ham1nond; "My Shadow," Nellie Gifford; "Her Awful Dream," Ella Wheeler; "I Saw a Ship a Sailing," Allen Perkins; "The Dishes," Laura Wheeler; "I'm Glad to See You," Alice Skutt; "Betty's Garden Bed," Vera Cowles; "Boy's Song," Walter Perkins; "So Good," Clarissa Fullerton; "Your Niche," Mabel Duttry; "Going Back to Grandpa's," Leon Wheeler; closing song, Grange. November, 1915 Song, "Welcome," Grange; recitation, "I'm Glad I'm a Little Girl," Laura Wheeler; motion song, "Coming Through the Rye," Merle Jack­ son, Vera Cowles; Duet, "So Long Ago," Mr. and Mrs. L. Wells; reading, "The Clinging Vine," l\1rs. H. Lund; comic farce, "The Stupid Witness," Frank Cooper, Leon Duttry; "Rock of Ages," duet, Mabel Eckard and Roland Wheeler; pantomimed by Merle Jackson and Vera Cowles; solo, "Brighten the Corner Where You Are," Mrs. Wheeler; closing song, Grange. In April, 1939, one hundred Grangers from Parish, Pennell­ ville, North Hannibal, Hannibal, Hannibal Center, South Rich­ land, Sandy Creek and Skaneateles assisted Golden Sheaf Grange 587, Hannibal, celebrate its 50th anniversary in the auditorium of Hannibal High School. Following a fine supper, Master Maynard G. Lonis, grandson of the first master, Lester Lonis, gave a hearty welcome to the guests and introduced the lecturer, Miss Fanny Rhoades, daughter of the first overseer, Julius Rhoades, as master of ceremonies. The program began with the singing of "America, the Beau­ tiful," with Mrs. Henry Neville at the piano. Master Lonis presented Harvey Perkins with a 50-year Golden Sheaf certifi­ cate. Mr. Perkins had been a member continuously for 50 years, and, at the time, was the last charter member left in the community. The tribute to departed members was directed at the altar by the chaplain, Mrs. Martha Eckard, assisted by Misses Marion Hall, Elizabeth Hensel, Dorothy Wheeler, Mrs. Etta Davenport, Miss Rhoades and Maynard Lonis. Deputy Master C. Kent presented l\Irs. Fanny Tucker and Roy Hall with 25-year certificates. Assemblyman E. J. Lonis gave an address in which he quoted largely from the first 25 years of 260 the history of Golden Sheaf Grange, a paper written by his mother, Mrs. Bettie Lonis, for the 25th anniversary celebration in 1914. Past Deputy Master William Hubbard, lower Oswego Falls, sang "There is No Golden Harvest," Mrs. Brackett, pianist. Manley Brackett of Fulton unit, but during his first grange years a member of Golden Sheaf, gave interesting reminiscenc­ es. A pleasing feature was the minuet danced by Misses Janice Gault, Lillian Chillson, Rosa Risley, Elizabeth Ann Mead, Lillian Livingston, Marion Hall, Jane and Mildred Tillotson with Dorothy Shutts, pianist. Pomona Master William Jackson, Fern wood, extended felici­ tations. State Secretary Harold Stanley, Skaneateles, was guest speaker, stressing four Grange values as friendships formed, inspiration from the Grange ritual, educational train­ ing, and economic returns. Fred Gillis, with his sister, l\'lrs. Grace Lindsley, as pianist, played a violin solo. Among the sons and daughters of charter members present for the celebration were Manley Brackett, Grace Powers Brackett, Fanny Rhoades, Ernest Lonis, Fred Gillis and Grace Gillis Lindsley. Golden Sheaf Grange surrendered its charter in August, 1947. Han.nibal Center Grange Grange No. 1269 was organized on March 5, 1912, by County Deputy William J. Bradt at Dickinson's hall. He was assisted by Peter A. Welling and Jasper Hopper at which time the following officers were elected: Master, C. A. Rogers; over­ seer, James Brackett; lecturer, H. H. Hatch; steward, Charles Fox; assistant steward, Howard Cole; chaplain, Mrs. Cora War­ ren; treasurer, W. Mosier; secretary, Ruth Ames; gate keeper, Arch Tompkins; Pomona, Mrs. Charles Rogers; Flora, Mrs. W. Mosier; Ceres, Mrs. F. L. Cooley; lady assistant, Mrs. Charles Fox. There were 19 charter members. Regular meetings were held every Friday night and membership in 1914 totaled 67. Some of the masters were: 1912-13, Charles A. Rogers; 1914, George LaFontaine; 1917, A. S. Lane; 1936, Hubert Rogers. The Grange broke up in the early 1940's. North Hannibal Juvenile Grange Juvenile Granges were formed throughout the country in order to create an interest in and a desire to carry out the principles for which the Grange was founded. Candidates for the Juvenile Granges were required to be ten years of age. These embryo Grangers were admitted to the regular adult Grange at the age of fourteen and made possible 261 a constant source. of trained membership to perpetuate and advance a strong organization to cope with the ever present social problems that arise in our great country. The North Hannibal Juvenile Grange was formed about 1910 with Mrs. Melva Bradt Farnham as its first matron. Mrs. Raymond Cooper was vvorthy matron in 1933. Following are the names of the Juvenile Grange officers for 1914: Matron, Mildred German; assistant matron, Mrs. S. R. Lockwood; master, I<.enneth Upcraft; overseer, Lisle German; lecturer, Ada Upcraft; secretary, Irene Blakeslee; treasurer, Dorris Metcalf; chaplain, Bessie Fowler; steward, Maurice Lockwood; assistant steward, Ruth Marlett; gate keeper, Rob­ ert Lockwood; Pomona, Est her Marlett; Flora, ---; Ceres, Janice l'vloore; chorister, Esther Marlett; organist, Irene Blakes­ lee; assistant organist, Mildred German. North Hannibal Grange No. 672 In the late 1880's the farmers of the North Hannibal neigh­ bor hood were so interested in their own farm pro bl ems and the newer science of agriculture and in soci:11 gathering that they met once a week during the fall and winter months in an organized "Farmers' Club." Questions of soil management and dairying were the chief topics of discussion. In addition to the local talent, speakers from out of town and leaders in their line were called in to give addresses. The Grange had been organized at Washington some 20 years previous to this. It had subordinates in Hope Grange at

'l~hil-- picture of tlw ~orth Hannibal .Ju\'enil" <:rang·e was taken in 1'.111. Unck How (Mtnnd Inµ;>: H lt:1 (;t•rmnn. :unuclt• Hrt•nnnn. l,t•on P.-:1rct•. AK"lleM Hnll, Uori!'I Unrllnµ;, illllclrt•cl Gt•rmnn. St•concl Ho"· ( Mt•nh•d >: (ale:-c Pt•nrce, )lnht•l l,oek"·ood, Ht•1u1 l<'nrnluuu. l.e"·IM Fnrnh:1111, .\lh•n 1,ot•k"·oocl. llo"·nrd Fnr11lu1111, Hn7.t•I ,,~11Mo11. Front Ho"· (Mt•:ah•cl on ground>: (;t•rtrucle Fnrn­ luuu, (~rnt•t• DnrllnK", :Hllclrt•d \\"lhmn. 262 Southwest Oswego, one at South Hannibal and another at the Thompson district in Oswego town near Minetto. The field seemed ripe for a Grange at North Hannibal. Noah Dutcher and William Bradt made a survey of the locality and found 40 men and women ready to become Grangers. John Upcraft, county deputy, came over from Hope Grange and on April 1, 1890, at the home of Mr. and Mrs. William Bradt, instituted North Hannibal Grange No. 672 with the following as charter members: Noah Dutcher, Cora Farnham, Charles Farnham, Michael Broderick, Frederick Stark, Ann Lockwood, Samantha Bradt, Mrs. Frank Clute, Emma Stark, William Farnham, D. E. Cameron, Herbert Darling, J. Emerson Janes, Lottie Janes, Frank Goodrowe, D. H. Bradt, W. J. Bradt, Flora E. Bradt, 0. A. Dutcher, Prudence Goodrowe, Etta Dutcher, Nicholas Cox, Frances Cox, Anna McDonald, Monroe Phillips, George Phil­ lips, G. A. Newman, Eva Newman, Dennis McCarthy, Nellie McCarthy, William Remington, A. G. Pearce,, Robert Cameron, George W. Callen, R. A. Schoonmaker, J. H. Wilson, Peter W. Wilson, John Farnham, Edwin A. Pearce, Mrs. William Rem­ ington and James Newman. The first officers, installed April 10, 1890, by Deputy State Master John Upcraft, were: Master, Fred Stark; overseer, Dennis McCarthy; lecturer, Cora Farnham; steward, Oscar Dutcher; assistant steward, William Farnham; treasurer, Wil­ liam J. Bradt; secretary, J. Emerson Janes; chaplain, Robert Cameron; gatekeeper, Edwin A. Pearce; Pomona, Augusta Clute; Flora, Flora Bradt; Ceres, Emma Stark; lady assistant steward, Mary Remington; organist, Eva Newman. For the first few weeks the Grange met at the homes of the members, then temporary quarters were secured in the home of Mrs. Ann Lockwood where they met from June, 1890, to July, 1891, when the Grange moved into their new hall. This hall was built by a stock company. Gradually the Grange bought the shares as they were offered for sale and after a few years all \Vere purchased. The price paid was always 100 cents on the dollar. Stockholders received their annual in­ terest money in July of each year. (S. R. Lockwood remember­ ed seeing the treasurer, Dennis McCarthy, with his bag of money paying the stockholders at the annual meeting.) In this novel manner the Grange owned its own hall and no one made any sacrifice as far as money was concerned. The new Grange was a busy place in those early years. There were classes waiting to be initiated, programs to be plan­ ned, picnics to be attended and ,vinter theatricals to be staged. The first class was composed of Floyd Moot, Mary Cameron, Edith Stark, Jessie Williams, Ethel Shutts, Myra Dutcher, Laura Lockwood and Mrs. Charlotte Schoonmaker. The sec­ ond class numbered Mary Wilson, Sarah Phillips, Tryphena 263 Farnham, Kittie Farnham, Allie Winchell, Cade S. Lock­ wood and Wilbur Phillips. Officers for 1936-37: Master, Victor Baitsell; overseer, Fred C. M. Sabin; lecturer, Stephen Roy Lockwood; assistant stew­ ard, Peter Dibble; treasurer, Edith Stark Cooper; secretary, Elta Bradt Scott; chaplain, Marietta Lockwood; steward, Elizabeth Sabin; gatekeeper, Frank A. Reed; Pomona, Jessie Pearce; Flora, Hazel Lockwood; Ceres, Jennie Adsitt; lady assistant steward,' Kathryn Dibble; organist, Marion Pearce. Now in 1949 the interest in North Hannibal Grange still con­ tinues and we trust it will stay for many years as one of the worth while institutions of our town, and the Grange Hall con­ tinue to be a place where its m~mbers may meet in fraternal amity, helping to bear each others' burdens and solve life's pro bl ems, as it has for neary sixty years. Here talents have been developed and education fostered. We point with pride to the fact that Professor S. R. Lockwood was the first high school principal in the state of New York to establish an agricultural high school course and that he gave full credit to North Hanni­ bal Grange for the help that inspired him to do this. Many others have received inspiration here that has led them upward and onward. We could say much for the loyalty and sacrifice of the offic­ ers and members through the years. We would like to name them all but the list is too great. We have quite a long list of 25-year members and others who have served 50 years or more. We still have with us three members who have served the Grange for more than 50 consecutive years and have their Golden Sheaf Certificates. These are Sisters Mary Wilson, Elta Scott and Edith Cooper. Edwin Pearce, a charter member, was honored by receipt of a 50-year membership award before his death. We are appending a list of the masters who have served. This list is not in chronological order but we have tried not to omit any names. Lisi of Masters of N orih Hannibal Grange Frederick Stark, 1890; William Bradt; Saloma Baker; George Phil­ lips; James Wilson; Oscar Dutcher, 1891; Melvin West; Mrs. Libbie Farnham; Ralph Stark; Verne Metcalf, 1902; Cade Lockwood, 1908; John Adsitt; Raymond Cooper, 1914-15; William Upcraft, 1917; Lewis Farnham; William McDevitt; Ralph Phillips. Howard Farnham; Seth Kan1pel; Kenneth Upcraft; S. R. Lock­ wood; Raymond Adsitt, 1922; Wilbur Weaver; Allen Lockwood; Wil­ liam Marlett; Maurice Lockwood; Nolan Wilson; Victor Baitsell, 1937; Fred Sabin; Frank Reed; Peter Dibble, 1949. 1949 Officers Master, Peter Dibble; overseer, Sherwood Ingersoll; lecturer, Barbara Himes; steward, Walter Blodgett; assistant steward, Clarence Pierce; chaplain, Minnie Rauch; treasurer, Katherine 264 Dibble; secretary, Mrs. Sher\vood Ingersoll; gatekeeper, Neal Eggleston; Ceres, Minnie Blodgett; Pomona, Charlotte Eggles­ ton; Flora, Charlotte Blodgett; lady assistant steward, Beverly Pierce; member executive committee for three years, Frank Scott; pianist, Madge Allen; color bearer, Mabel Upcraft. North Hannibal Grange Program. 1907 Opening song, "Triumphs of Toil," by Grange; instrumental pro­ gram, Mrs. Braga; solo and chorus, "Birds of Spring," by Juvenile Grangers; "Home Sweet Home," backwards, Mrs. Farnham; humorous song, Charles German; violin solo, Frank Lathrop; solo, Miss Sanford; instrumental 1nusic, Mildred Wilson; "Quaker Courtship," Charles German, Rena Farnham; vjolin solo, Fred Gillis; "Old Fashioned Song," by our "Mature Kids"; solo, Mrs. Adsitt; instrumental music, Rena Farnham; solo, Verne Metcalf; duet, Louise and Kit Lockwood; "Because He Joined the Grange," by Mrs. Barlow, Ralph Stark, Rena Farnham; instrumental music, l\1rs. Braga; violin solo, Frank Lathrop; duet, Mrs. B--, Mrs. L~- North Hannibal Grange Program. September 13. 1913 Opening song, "America"; recitation, Lisle German; recitation, Dor­ othy Upcraft; solo, Dorris Metcalf: recitation, Kenneth Upcraft: recita­ tion, Irene Blakeslee; recitation, Harris Lockwood; song, Harold Met­ calf; recitation, ~VIaurice Lockwood; recitation. Esther Marlett; instru­ rnental music. Dorris Metcalf; selection, Ada Upcraft; recitation, Helen Wells; recitation, Robert Lockwood; duet, Irene Blakeslee and ·worthy Matron; recitation, Earl Blakeslee; recitation, Raymond Adsitt; closing song and chorus, Irene Blakeslee and the Grange. South Hannibal Grange In 1888 Grange No. 545, South Hannibal, was organized by Deputy Veeder Green. During the membership drive a build­ ing was erected by Hiram Abbott. The cost for the 25x50-foot structure was $250. The building was later enlarged to 25x75 feet. Peter A. Welling was master and 0. H. Livingston, over­ seer. The charter members are given below. Charter Members of Grange No. 545 (South Hannibal) Peter W. Welling. Mrs. Peter W. Welling, Mr. and Mrs. 0. Living­ ston, Miss Harriet Livingston, Mr. and Mrs. Frank Terpening. C. W. Haws, ivirs. Grace M. Haws, Mr. and Mrs. George V. Wolven, Mrs. C. Upcraft, Mr. and Mrs. Adelbert Goodrich, Mr. and Mrs. William Bradt, Mr. and Mrs. Fred Wells, Robert Goodman. Mr. and Mrs. S. D. Gard­ ner, Reuben Terpening, Mrs. Laura M. Wilcox. Mr. and Mrs. Eugene Wilcox, Orin Swift, Mrs. J. C. Switzer (withdrew January 1, 1889), Miss Rose Switzer (withdre,v January 1, 1889), Geo. Switzer (with­ drew January 1, 1889), John Rowlee, Edward Reagan, Anson Hulett, Netus Palmer, Mrs. George Curtis. Mr. J. C. Switzer (withdre\v January 1, 1889), Charles Upcraft, Mrs. Huldah M. Glover, Philos C. Glover, Elisha Teller, Mrs. A. N. Hodge, Charles Mack, Mrs. Ida Blake, Alexander Culver, Mrs. Eunice Blake, A. E. Arnold, Orville Palmer, George Gifford, Harry Titus, Fernando Gifford, Ellen Gifford, Carrie Palmer, Cora Blake, Frances Goodman, Luella Terpening, Viola Gifford. Meetings were held in McCausey's hall and the membership reached 85. 265 In 1924 a committee purchased $1,200 \Vorth of supplies and groceries selling them at cost to grange members. This was a cooperative enterprise enjoyed by grangers. In 1941, the Grange disbanded with some members attending the Hannibal Center meetings. John McGraw bought the building and it is now occupied by Charles Warner and his mother.

266 Town and Village Office1·s

Incorporation of Hannibal Village ANNIBAL village ,vas incorporated April 7, 1860, at ,vhich H time it contained 416 inhabitants. There were 66 votes in favor of incorporating and 21 against. The first officers and trustees were Joel Z. Smith, George A. Anderson, Nicholas B. Brower, and Martin Larzalere. Robert M. Rogers was the first president. Assessors were C. C. Black­ man, William J. Acker and John P. Storms; treasurer, E. M. Rice; clerk, Alfred B. Worster; collector, Rufus S. Byington; poundmaster, Richard VanAuken. On February 10, 1876, at ·a special election it was voted 70 to 15 to re-incorporate under the act of April 20, 1870. Since that time the village presidents have been elected by the voters. Village Presidents (1860-1949) Robert M. Rogers, 1860-61, 1878-79; George G. Anderson, 1861-62; Alfred Rice, 1862-63, 1877-78; Rufus S. Byington) 1863-64; Alexander Mclnroy, 1864-65; Martin Larzalere, 1865-66; Alvah Worster, 1866-67; C. S. Chamberlain, 1867-68, 1883-84; George A. Leonard, 1868-69, 1884- 85, 1891-92, 1894-97; John Wiltse, 1869-70. Garrett Lonis, 1870-71, 1876-77, 1879-80, 1882-83; Cyrus Burns, 1872- 73; Girard Clark, 1873-74; Henry Weed, 1874-75; D. J. VanAuken, 1875- 76; Alfred Draper, 1876-77; David Bothwell, 1880-81, 1890-91; Martin Pierce, 1881-82; James H. Morehouse, 1883 (a short time); James W. Burt, 1885-88, 1892-93, 1900-01; A. N. Bradt, 1888-89, 1898-99; Arthur Wiltse, 1889-90. C. B. Brower, 1893-94; L. Fort Wilbur, 1893-94; Dr. E. H. Boyd, 1897- 98; Dr. D. F. Acker, 1899-1900; Archibald Guthrie, 1901-02, 1909-11; George Elliott, 1902-03; John McFarland, 1903-04, 1927-29; Rienza A. Bradt, 1904-06, 1908-09, 1912-13, 1918-20, 1929-31; Ezra B. Tucker, 1906-07, 1920-21; Charles A. Cox, 1907-08, 1913-14; James B. Burt, 1911-12, 1931-37. John Naracon, 1914-15, 1917-18, 1921-26; Fred Jerrett, 1915-17; James A. Haven, 1926-27; Clarence Urn beck, 1937-41; Melzar Van­ Auken, 1941-43; Lloyd Tyler, 1943-47; Victor Dennison, 1947-49; Gordon W. Sturge, 1949-51. 1949 Town Officers Supervisor, George Chillson; Town Clerk, Mrs. Charles A. Cox; Assessors, Donald Gleason (four years), Roy Welling (two years), Frank Williamson (two years); Justices of the Peace, Frank Draper, Lewis Sprague; Collector, Mrs. Jennie Adsitt; Superintendent of Highways, Floyd Carter; School Directors, 267 Hubert Rogers, Helen Fairley; Town Constables, Russell 0. Williams, Lloyd Van Dusen; Councilmen, George McMillen, Ralph Kyle; Welfare Officer, John L. Clark; Health Off ice1, Dr. G. B. Hanford. 1949 Village Officers Mayor, Gordon W. Sturge; Trustees, Otis L. Sennett, Fred R. Shutts; Assessors, (same as the town); Collector, Ethel P. Gault; Treasurer, Ethel P. Gault; Clerk, Ethel P. Gault; Police Justice, Elwin L. Gardner.

268 Finances and Prices

Prices in Hannibal ( 1824-1901) CCOUNT of Smith Lock,vood, great-grandfather of Maurice A G. Lockwood of North Hannibal, with various residents of Wheeler's Corners, as North Hannibal was then called: With William Fowler: November 11, 1824-By oxon to plow, 50 cents. By weaving Jan. 16, 1825, 75 cents. 11 ½ pounds sole leather, Nov. 16, 1827, $2.82. With Andrew Hammer: By oxon to draw two loads of wood, Mar. 16, 1824, 10 cents. By way of a credit it is stated: One day work at chopping, 50 cents. With Asa Winchell: By 400 feet of boards, Dec. 1, 1824, $2. By making four pare shoes, Dec. 8, 1824, $2. With Ziba Blodgett: For boarding school marm, April 1, 1825, 26 cents. For one day at shingling, Nov. 8, 1825, 25 cents. With David B. Metcalf: By making one pair of shoes Nov. 1825, 38 cents. By mending one pair of boots, Nov. 1825, $1.12. With William Farnham: For horse to Oswego, June, 1826, 31 cents. For one boy to work one day, 31 cents. With Martin Wiltse: For drawing 3,275 bricks, Aug. 27, 1830, $2.50. Doctor's Fee in 1826 Office calls $.25. Outside call and administering medicine, $.50 if you didn't live too far away-if he was forced to journey to your home on horseback, the charge was $. 75. Charges for medicine averaged $.13. The following is a debtor's account 1n Hannibal. Original form and spelling: March 10, 1854-to four bushels of Corn ------____ $1.50 March 22-to ten bushels of Corn ear ___ ------3. 75 Dr.-for what punkins grade on the land he planted on shares to Corn that belonged to me which he was to pay in teeming two days work with himself and horse. Dr. April 12th-for teeming after buter and eggs one day ______1.50 to fulton after his brotheran-law ------1. 00 Dr.-to one prre of mi tens ------"------1.25 Apr. 23, 1855-to cash pade ------.50 269 Dr.-to straw ------______3. 00 Dr.-to Corn he bored 3 bushel ears ------______1.25 Dr. Apr. 7, 1855-seteled up to this date The following are entries from the account book of 0. H. Johnson, great-grandfather of Laura Wheeler Plummer: Oct. 1859-To making coat ------______$1.00 To making 2 pds. candles ------.28 .Jan. 1860-To making hand sleigh ------______1.00 Mch. 1860-To making trundle bedstead ------1.00 To making hour glass stand ------.25 They charge us five dollars and twenty-five cents per ton for stove coal at the railroad, and yet the cry goes on that the miners do not get sufficient pay for their work, but it is evident somebody gets a little pay. (Oct. 1878.) The Town of Hannibal, Dr. ( 1899) To Wm. Kesterker, 106 loads of gravel @ .05 per load ______$ 5.30 To Lester Dingman, 2 hours labor @ .12½ ------.25 To C. N. Doxtater, 7,056 feet bridge plank @ $15.50 ______109.37 To Nelson Hall, team 4 hours @ .30 ______------__ _ 1.20 To A. C. !-!allows 10 feet board @ .01½ ____ ------______.15 To Robert McMillen 7 hours labor @ .12 ½ ------·------______.88 Grocery Price•s 190 I Pepper, 12 cents a pound; rice, very best, 5 cents; coffee, 12 cents; pure cream cheese, 12; best clear salt pork, 9; hams, 9; codfish, 9; sugar, 5½; molasses, 15 to 30 cents per gallon; corn and peas per can, 6 cents; lemons, large and juicy, 20 cents per dozen; vanilla, pure, 5 cents per bottle; best red salmon, 2 cans for 25 cents; olives, large bottle, 10c; chow-chow pickles, 10c; fine chocolate per package, 5c. Dry Goods ( 1901) Ladies' heavy ribbed vest and pants, fleece lined, 4 pieces, 95c; ladies' extra fine skirts from 75c to $1.50; ladies' flannelette wrappers worth $1.50, now $1.00; fine towels, extra length, 10c; misses combination suits, 25c. Garden Plants For sale-Strawberry plants, seven different varieties, per hundred, 20 cents. John Hallam (1902).

270 Newspapers a11d Telepho11es

Hannibal's Newspapers HE first newspaper in Hannibal was published in October, T 1866, by Dr. George V. Emens. It was a small monthly sheet called the "Hannibal Reveille." Mrs. William Byrne, now of Meridian, New York, has a well preserved copy dated 1867. In 1872 Dr. Emens changed the paper to a semi-monthly, and in January, 1873, issued it as a weekly. In July, 1873, it was purchased by A. N. Bradt, who conducted it as such until .June, 1879. The "Hannibal News" was started December 20, 1876, by ·Charles H. Parsons and Clarence B. Brower. On April 1, 1877, it passed into the hands of the latter, who, with his father, N. B. Brower, published it until June, 1879. In June, 1879, A. N. Bradt, owner and publisher of the "Han­ nibal Reveille," purchased the "Hannibal News" and consoli­ dated the two papers under the title "Reveille and News." In 1880, A. N. Bradt sold the "Reveille and News" to his brother, A. P. Bradt, who, six months later, transferred the establishment to C. B. Brower. It was a bright 28-column weekly, ably representing the business and social interests of the village. After several years it was sold to Stewart Guthrie, who con­ tinued to publish the "Hannibal News" in the building where Alfred Wagner's harness shop is now located. Mr. Guthrie sold out to a Fulton newspaper, thus being the last owner and publisher in the village. Hannibal Telephone History ( 1876-1949) The first telephone in Hannibal was installed in the store of Brewster and Son. This was soon after its invention. In August, 1879, a second phone was installed. Below is a clipping describing its operation: Yesterday we were called to the store of S. W. Brewster & Son to see the new Telephone work which has lately been put in operation from the store to the railroad station by Mr. W. J. Brewster. The call boxes appear to be of a superior make, using four heavy horse shoe magnets. A signal or call bell is attached, which is a great improve­ ment over the machine he first put up. Mr. Brewster is now prepared to send any message to the depot and receive replies therefrom; for the present week no charges v,ill be made for messages, after that a small 271 fee will be charged. Those that never have seen the working of a telephone, are cordially invited to visit the 5tore any time this week and see the best in use.-From Hannibal Reveille. The Hannibal Telephone company was incorporated in 1905 by C. A. Cox, J. A. Naracon, J.B. Burt, D. Bothwell, E.W. Rice, John McFarland, M. H. Minar, W. C. Matteson, G. H. Wolven, Willian1 Stock, R. A. Bradt and A. F. Barnum, all of whom are now deceased. John McFarland was the first presi­ dent, M. H. lviina'r, secretary, and J. B. Burt, treasurer. The company operated in the village of Hannibal and also switched calls there through the switchboard and furnished toll service for a number of other companies, composed of groups of farm­ ers operating outside the village. At first each local call was charged, but later this was changed to a flat rate per year. In 1928, feeling that they needed additional funds for im­ provements and being unwilling to assume the burden, the company was sold to the Cato and Meridian Telephone Com­ pany. The Sterling Telephone Company at Fair Haven was pur­ chased at the same time as well as a number of the switching companies at Hannibal. Since that time the balance of these switching companies have also been purchased, so that the Cato and Meridian Telephone company is now the only company serving this territory.

CATO-MERIDIAN 'l'El.. EPHO~l~ OFl-'ICE

TIIIM bulhlha,t MhtndN nt•nr the Hite of ""llllnm Clnrk•H old blnekHmlth Mhop on Chureh Street. 272 $40.000 Dial System Installed by Cato-Meridian Telephone Company The installation of the dial system necessitated the erection of a new telephone building and this building is of cinder block construc­ tion and faced with white stucco with a brick front. It was completed in the fall of 1947, on property just west of Miss Fanny Rhoades' home on Church street. The building is fire-resistant. Because there will be no local operators needed, the building is windowless and has no heating system. \Vhen time and weather permit, the grounds around the new building will be beautified with shrubs and a spacious lawn. Approximately 560 subscribers will enjoy the immediate effect of the new system, with a number of applications on file to be taken care of as soon as possible. The dial system will cover a large territory in­ cluding: Martville, Crocketts, North Sterling, Sterling Valley, North Victory, Bethel, North Hannibal, Fairdale, as far east as Snyder's to­ ward Fulton and nearly to Southwest Oswego on route 104.-From Cato Citizen.

273 Old Landmarks

The Martin Wiltse House NE of the oldest houses in the town of Hannibal is located O on lot 48 near the home of Mrs. Ward Welling. It was built in the early 1800's and is no,v about 130 years old. The main part of the house is constructed of brick manufactured in Han­ nibal. The wooden addition was built to accommodate the hired help. There are five fireplaces in the house, one being located in the basement where wine was made and stored in the wine cellar. On the place are located three wells. In the center of the ceiling in the large living room is secure­ ly fastened a strong hook to which was fastened a large pulley. At one time there lived in the house a bed-ridden, helpless man, weighing 300 pounds. This rope and pulley were used to raise and lower him in bed. The house was occupied by Martin '\:Viltse, who was town clerk in 1821. Others who have resided there are C. Perry Campbell, Jay Campbell, Roy Welling, Charles Kilbourne and Levant Shufelt. Roy Welling moved from there in 1920 and it was during that winter that there were 80 days, starting on December 16, 1919, when it never thawed. Milk was delivered for a week over the tops of snow drifts in a two-seated cutter drawn by six to eight men. This historic place is now owned by l\1rs. Jay Campbell. Blazed Trees Near Howard Kellogg's residence is a state marker with the following notation: "Blazed trees over 100 years old which marked the trail from Oswego to Auburn when road was only a track through the forest." Records show that in 1817 a road had been opened between these two places for which $2,500 had been appropriated. If the above date is correct, these trees would be at least 132 years old, as they must have been several years old to have been blazed. The Octagon Barn Cornelius Wiltse, a native of Duanesburg, was born in 1785. In 1815 he settled on the farm where Robert Parsons now resides. He came through the woods from Hannibal vil- 274 lage to his farm, there being no road at that time. He and his family lived in his wagon while he built his house. He was a son of Henry Wiltse, who, with his brother, Benjamin, came from Albany, spearing salmon trout and salting them for food along the trail. They took up a military tract of 640 acres in the wilderness, their acreage extending from the Cayuga county line to the Plank road. Frederick Wiltse, a son of Cornelius, was born in Hannibal on April 11, 1827, on his father's farm. Frederick had five children: Mrs. Ella Lund, Orville, Sheridan, Floyd and Maur­ ice, who died in 1865 at the age of five years. The octagon barn was built on this farm in 1879 for Fred­ erick Wiltse by his son, Orville, and William and Elmer Lund. Benjamin Darling helped with the masonry. All lumber and timbers used in the construction of the barn were sawed at the Wiltseville mill, except the siding which came from the box factory at Oswego. The size of the building is 66 feet by 66 feet, and the roof is self supporting. It was built so that all hay and grain would go to the basement. It proved to be a con­ venient and practical structure, despite skeptical opinions voiced by some during its construction. During the period of construction people came from miles around to see a building that was out-of-the-ordinary in this vicinity. For several years there vvas a sign painted on the front of the barn telling when it was built and by whom. Henry Wiltse and his wife were both buried on the old homestead. Later Mrs. Wiltse's body was removed and in­ terred in the H~nnibal cemetery. The old tombstone of pioneer Henry Wiltse may be seen on the farm where the octagon barn still stands. The Plank Road There ,vas a toll gate at the top of the hill in the village on the Hannibal-Oswego road, present Route 104. Vehicles paid toll here on land now owned by Herman Plummer, formerly the Warren Welling place. Near the toll gate was an excellent spring of cold water which provided drinks for man and beast after the long, bouncing and jouncing ride over the plank road built in 1848. South of Fred Kent's residence was a stone building used as a blacksmith shop. North of the I<:ent home James W. Burt's father kept a large hotel which was well patronized by travelers. There was also a toll gate located where Mr. and Mrs. Ken­ neth Cooper now live. It was the first toll gate established north of the village of Hannibal. To the north of the site of Elliott Stock's new home stood a large barn bearing a big sign which read: "Take Either Road 275 to Oswego." The road bearing to the right required no toll payments, while the Hannibal plank road did. The Old Town Pump The Town Pump, located just north of the village park, is one of Hannibal's oldest landmarks. No one knows exactly when the well was dug, but it is believed to have served the towns­ people since about 1824 or 1825, which would be about 125 years ago. 1 It was a regular stopping place for travelers on their way to and from Oswego, Auburn and Rochester on the old stage coach routes. Many a weary traveler has paused to "wet his whistle" with a drink of cool, sparkling, refreshing "Adam's ale" pumped from the depth of this never failing source. The well has never been known to be dry even in the driest seasons, although it supplies water for many families in the village. On hot summer days, when the temperature is 90 or more in the shade, it is a common sight to see someone enjoying a cool drink.

.Jnlhuc Knnpp nnd Gr:tnt \\'ibmu, t"·o of llnnnllml'M old 11merM, MIJ• :1 c•ool drink frona the fnnaout'4 to"·n 1,u-mp in the Jtnrk •u1unre. ( 1940)

276 Miscellaneous

Odds and Ends OR sale: A pair of \Vell broke working oxen, 8 years old, F weight about 3,000 pounds, bright red, kind and orderly, and in good order. Dated Oct. 23d, 1878. B. V. Brundage, Ster­ ling Valley. The year of 1816 was the year without a summer. There was a frost every month of the year with food being scarce and high. It is related that in the follo\ving spring, potatoes were so scarce at planting time that heavy potato skins were used for seed. The year went down in history and was aptly des­ cribed by old timers as 1800 and froze to death. Dr. Cyrus Haven prescribed the following treatment for a cold: "If you neglect it and do nothing about it, you will prob­ ably have it for two weeks, but, if you doctor it, you will prob­ ably have it 14 days." Arthur Sidman gives the following treatments for control­ ling garden pests: To get rid of bean aphis, use nicotine sul­ phate, for potato beetle, spray with arsenate of lead, for stink bugs on squash, just let 'em stink. Children Today-Citizens Tomorrow Citizens of today pause every now and then and take stock of the up and coming generation who are small fry now, but in a few short years will be taking an active part in the affairs of this community or some other. As we look around the town, we find the following boys and girls on the streets and play­ grounds: Small Fry Jeffrey (Jeff) Gardner, Carlton and Wendell Blancharg, Ger­ aldine (Gerry) Tyler, Albert (Buddy) Van Patten, Betty Van Patten, James Travis, Dale Bombard, James and Marlene Shutts, Ronald (Sonny) Broderick, Tommy and Bobby Sim­ mons, Gary and Sharon Ford, Sandra (Sandy) Pratt, Jerron (Jerry) Pratt, Marjorie Tyler, Harry Fresch, Barry (Butch) Pearce, Patricia (Patty) Pearce, Ann and Ronald (Ronnie) Scott, Helen and Betty Parsons, Jimmie and Billy Gault. Real Small Fry Shirley Blanchard, Kay Fresch, Merilee and Nancy Whitney, 277 Linda Pelton, Connie Gault, Johnny Kalamarides, Linda Gard­ ner, Jack Shutts, Keith and Beth Bombard, Freddie Van Patten and David Rice. (Sorry if anyone was left out.) RURAL SCHOOL WAGES Below is given a table of teachers' wages with years What the 1926 Dollar Would Buy in Different Years Wages A Dollar Year Per Day Was Worth 1813 __ . ----- _ -· --- -- ·- $ .25 1815 .. ______.35 (boarded self) 1853 _. _ _.- --- _ _ _ . -- _ _ -- -·· . 79 1897 _ -- _ ------1.10 $2.15 1903 -- ... -- _ ·--··---- _ ------1.25 1.69 1911 ------_------_ -- --- _ -- 2.00 1.43 1916 -· .. ______.______-- 2. 3 0 1.17 1920 _ _ ------·--·-- -·-- _ _ 4.00 .65 1922 ------4.00 1.03 1928 ------_ ------4.00 1.03 1929 _-··--. ------4.80 1.05 1932 --- ___ ------___ -- _-- -- _--- ___ ------5 .30 1.54 1934 ------4.00 1.34 1937 ------4.60 1.16 1941 --- __ ------_ 4. 40 1.14 1944 ------5.10 .96 1946 -- ___ ------6.85 194 7 ------····------8.95 .72 1949 ------10.50 .50

Popul,ation of Hannibal Year Town Village 1820 ------935 1830 ------·------1,794 1835 ------2,204 1840 --- -- _------______--- ___ -- __ ------_------··- _----· 2,275 1845 ___ --- _------__ -- _-- ___ -- _--- -- __ -- __ ------· 2,534 1850 ------_ ------2,857 1855 ------·------··------3,028 1860 ------_--- -- ___ --- _-- _-- _. -- ___ --- _------_------3,246 416 1865 ------3,322 1870 ------·------__ ------3,234 1875 ------·------__ 3,248 1880 _ ------3,173 1890 _ ------·------2,688 1895 -- _-- -··------·--·------· ------450 1900 _ ------·------2,473 1905 _ -- _------· -- 2,269 278 Year To\vn Village 1910 ______--- ______2, 148 1915 ------______2,334 1920 ______l,834 400 1925 _ ------_ ------1,945 410 1930 -- _ _ _ _ _ ------1,855 410 1940 ------_ 2,010 43,

279 Epilogue

At the close of this history of our town the author wishes in a spirit of humbleness to offer his respects to the memory of those sturdy pioneers \vho founded it. Their privations and tribula­ tions were many tin1es almost unbearable, and only those who had "what it takes" carried on and sa\v it through. Hats off to those hardy men and \vomen who founded our churches, schools, granges and other civic organizations that have led and will continue to lead to a greater and bet­ ter Hannibal. Those who would criticize this book for its omissions and inaccuracies "should have written it, but didn't." Perhaps it will stimulate critics to volunteer better and more complete informa­ tion for future writers of Hannibal's history.

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