Universidade Federal De Santa Catarina Centro De Ciências Físicas E Matemáticas Departamento De Química Programa De Pós-Graduação Em Química

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Universidade Federal De Santa Catarina Centro De Ciências Físicas E Matemáticas Departamento De Química Programa De Pós-Graduação Em Química UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE SANTA CATARINA CENTRO DE CIÊNCIAS FÍSICAS E MATEMÁTICAS DEPARTAMENTO DE QUÍMICA PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM QUÍMICA FABIANA CRISTINA MISSAU ESTUDO DAS PROPRIEDADES QUÍMICAS, ESTRUTURAIS E BIOLÓGICAS DAS ESPÉCIES Polygala paniculata E Polygala pulchella. FLORIANÓPOLIS 2008 ii FABIANA CRISTINA MISSAU ESTUDO DAS PROPRIEDADES QUÍMICAS, ESTRUTURAIS E BIOLÓGICAS DAS ESPÉCIES Polygala paniculata E Polygala pulchella. Tese submetida ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina por Fabiana Cristina Missau, como requisito parcial para a obtenção do título de Doutora em Química. FLORIANÓPOLIS 2008 iii Fabiana Cristina Missau ESTUDO DAS PROPRIEDADES QUÍMICAS, ESTRUTURA IS E BIOLÓGICAS DAS ESPÉCIES Polygala paniculata E Polygala pulchella. Esta tese foi julgada e aprovada para a obtenção do título de Doutora em Química no Programa de Pós Graduação em Química da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Florianópolis, 25 de abril de 2008. _________________________________ Prof. Dr. Ademir Neves Coordenador do Programa de Pós Graduação em Química (UFSC) BANCA EXAMINADORA _____________________________ ______________________________ Prof. Dr. Moacir G.Pizzolatti Profa. Dra. Inês Maria Costa Brighente UFSC (Orientador) UFSC _____________________________ ______________________________ Prof. Dr. Ademir Farias Morel Prof. Dr. Adair R. Soares dos Santos UFSM (Relator) UFSC _____________________________ ______________________________ Profa. Dra. Miriam Inês Marchi Prof. Dr. Miguel S. Balparda Caro UNIVATES UFSC iv Ao prof. Dr. Moacir G. Pizzolatti, meu especial agradecimento pela orientação, confiança e dedicação prestadas no decorrer deste trabalho. v AGRADECIMENTOS À Deus que sempre guiou meu caminho, proporcionando-me força e sabedoria para desenvolver este trabalho. À minha família e a família do Luciano Retzlaff pela compreensão e carinho prestados em todos os momentos. Ao meu noivo Luciano que muito me ajudou nesta longa caminhada com seu amor, dedicação e compreensão. Ao professor Dr. Moacir G. Pizzolatti pelo apoio e orientação demonstrados no decorrer deste trabalho. Aos professores: Dra. Inês Maria Costa Brighente (UFSC), Dr. Ademir Farias Morel (UFSM), Dra. Miriam Inês Marchi (UNIVATES), Prof. Dr. Adair Roberto Soares dos Santos (UFSC) e Dr. Miguel Balparda Caro (UFSC) pelo auxílio para a melhoria deste trabalho, como membros da banca examinadora. Aos meus colegas de laboratório Aline Zacarias, Analice Zuchinalli, Andressa Giglioli, Beatriz Mendes, Cristian Soldi, Henrique Moresco, Heros Horst, Juliana Dalmarco, Luciana Tavares, Michele Magina, Munique Dias, Solomon Amoah e Susana Johann. Ao Vinicius Ilha pela ajuda com os espectros de RMN. Aos professores e funcionários da Pós Graduação em Química pelo apoio e colaboração. Ao CNPq – Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - pelo suporte financeiro. À UFSC pela oportunidade de crescimento pessoal e profissional. À todas as pessoas não mencionadas que de forma direta ou indireta colaboraram para a realização deste trabalho, o meu muito obrigada. vi SUMÁRIO Índice de Figuras .........................................................................................................xi Índice de Tabelas....................................................................................................... xiv Abreviaturas............................................................................................................... xvi 1. Introdução................................................................................................................ 1 2. Revisão Bibliográfica ............................................................................................... 3 2.1 Considerações Gerais sobre o Gênero Polygala............................................... 3 2.2 Posição Sistemática de Polygala paniculata L e Polygala pulchella ................. 6 2.3 Xantonas do Gênero Polygala ........................................................................... 6 2.3.1 Biossíntese das Xantonas .......................................................................... 6 2.4 Cumarinas no Gênero Polygala....................................................................... 14 2.4.1 Biossíntese das cumarinas ....................................................................... 14 2.5 Espécie Polygala paniculada L. ...................................................................... 16 2.6 Espécie Polygala pulchella A........................................................................... 17 3. Objetivos................................................................................................................ 18 3.1 Objetivos gerais ............................................................................................... 18 3.2 Objetivos específicos ....................................................................................... 18 4. Resultados e Discussão ........................................................................................ 19 4.1 Polygala paniculata.......................................................................................... 19 4.1.1 Composição dos constituintes voláteis de P. paniculata por SPME-CG-EM ........................................................................................................................... 20 4.1.2 Isolamento e identificação dos constituintes de P. paniculata.................. 23 4.1.2.1 Espinasterol (8) .................................................................................. 23 4.1.2.2 Quercetina 3-rutinosídeo (Rutina) (9) ................................................ 25 4.1.3 Isolamento de xantonas............................................................................ 27 4.1.3.1 1-hidroxi-5-metóxi -2,3-metilenodioxixantona (10)............................. 27 4.1.3.2 1,5-dihidroxi-2,3-dimetoxixantona (11)............................................... 29 4.1.3.3 1,5-dihidroxi-6’,6’-dimetilpirano-(2’,3’:3,2)-xantona (12) (6- desoxijacareubin) ........................................................................................... 31 4.1.3.4 1-hidroxi-3,7-dimetoxixantona (13) .................................................... 33 4.1.3.5 3,5-dihidroxi-6’,6’-dimetilpirano-(2’,3’:1,2)-xantona (14)..................... 35 4.1.4 Posição das prenil cumarinas no gênero.................................................. 41 4.1.4.1 7-geraniloxicumarina (1) (Aurapteno) ................................................ 41 4.1.4.2 7-metóxi-8-(1’,2’-epóxi-3’-metil-3’-butenil)-cumarina (2) (febalosina) 43 4.1.4.3 7-metóxi-8-(1’,2’-acetal-3’-metil-3’-butenil)-cumarina (15) ................. 45 vii 4.2 Isolamento e identificação dos constituintes de P. pulchella ........................... 50 4.2.1 1,5-dihidroxi-2,3-dimetoxixantona (11)...................................................... 50 4.2.2 1,5-dihidroxi-2,3-metilenodioxixantona (16).............................................. 50 4.3 Estudo da Reatividade Química da Febalosina (2).......................................... 56 4.3.1 Reação da febalosina (2) com H2O .......................................................... 58 4.3.2 Reação da febalosina (2) com metanol e metóxido de sódio ................... 59 4.3.3 Reação da febalosina (2) com etanol ....................................................... 60 4.3.4 Acetilação da febalosina (2)...................................................................... 61 4.3.5 Reação da febalosina com isopropóxido de sódio ................................... 62 4.3.6 Reação da febalosina com n-butóxido de sódio ....................................... 63 4.4 Avaliação da atividade biológica...................................................................... 66 4.4.1 Neurotoxicidade induzida por MeHg (EBEtOH de P. paniculata, Método B) ........................................................................................................................... 67 4.4.1.1 Atividade enzimática da glutationa peroxidase e glutationa redutase no córtex cerebral e cerebelo de camundongos ............................................ 67 4.4.2 Atividade antinociceptiva (P. paniculata) .................................................. 69 4.4.2.1 Nocicepção induzida pela injeção intraperitoneal de ácido acético (0,6%) em camundongos ............................................................................... 70 4.4.2.2 Nocicepção induzida pela administração intraplantar de capsaicina em camundongos................................................................................................. 70 4.4.2.3 Efeito do EBEtOH e dos compostos isolados, febalosina (2), aurapteno (1) e rutina (9) sobre a nocicepção induzida pela injeção intraplantar de glutamato em camundongos.................................................. 71 4.4.2.4 Curva tempo-resposta do EBEtOH no modelo de nocicepção induzida pela administração intraplantar de glutamato (10 µmol/pata) em camundongos................................................................................................. 72 4.4.3 Atividade Antiinflamatória do EBEtOH de P. paniculata ........................... 73 4.4.3.1 Efeito do EBEtOH no edema de pata induzido pela injeção intraplantar de carragenina, em ratos. .............................................................................. 73 4.4.4 Atividade gastroprotetora do EBEtOH de P. paniculata............................ 74 4.4.4.1 Efeito do EBEtOH sobre as lesões gástricas agudas induzidas por etanol 70% em ratas.
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