Supersonic Flight
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Concorde Is a Museum Piece, but the Allure of Speed Could Spell Success
CIVIL SUPERSONIC Concorde is a museum piece, but the allure Aerion continues to be the most enduring player, of speed could spell success for one or more and the company’s AS2 design now has three of these projects. engines (originally two), the involvement of Air- bus and an agreement (loose and non-exclusive, by Nigel Moll but signed) with GE Aviation to explore the supply Fourteen years have passed since British Airways of those engines. Spike Aerospace expects to fly a and Air France retired their 13 Concordes, and for subsonic scale model of the design for the S-512 the first time in the history of human flight, air trav- Mach 1.5 business jet this summer, to explore low- elers have had to settle for flying more slowly than speed handling, followed by a manned two-thirds- they used to. But now, more so than at any time scale supersonic demonstrator “one-and-a-half to since Concorde’s thunderous Olympus afterburn- two years from now.” Boom Technology is working ing turbojets fell silent, there are multiple indi- on a 55-seat Mach 2.2 airliner that it plans also to cations of a supersonic revival, and the activity offer as a private SSBJ. NASA and Lockheed Martin appears to be more advanced in the field of busi- are encouraged by their research into reducing the ness jets than in the airliner sector. severity of sonic booms on the surface of the planet. www.ainonline.com © 2017 AIN Publications. All Rights Reserved. For Reprints go to Shaping the boom create what is called an N-wave sonic boom: if The sonic boom produced by a supersonic air- you plot the pressure distribution that you mea- craft has long shaped regulations that prohibit sure on the ground, it looks like the letter N. -
Aviation Week & Space Technology
$14.95 JUNE 29-JULY 12, 2020 Quest for Speed BOOM XB-1 TAKES SHAPE RICH MEDIA EXCLUSIVE Europe’s Hydrogen- Powered Aircraft Push PRIME TIME FOR How Safe Are HYPERSONICS Aircraft Cabins? Canada’s Fighter RICH MEDIA EXCLUSIVE Strategy Digital Edition Copyright Notice The content contained in this digital edition (“Digital Material”), as well as its selection and arrangement, is owned by Informa. and its affiliated companies, licensors, and suppliers, and is protected by their respective copyright, trademark and other proprietary rights. Upon payment of the subscription price, if applicable, you are hereby authorized to view, download, copy, and print Digital Material solely for your own personal, non-commercial use, provided that by doing any of the foregoing, you acknowledge that (i) you do not and will not acquire any ownership rights of any kind in the Digital Material or any portion thereof, (ii) you must preserve all copyright and other proprietary notices included in any downloaded Digital Material, and (iii) you must comply in all respects with the use restrictions set forth below and in the Informa Privacy Policy and the Informa Terms of Use (the “Use Restrictions”), each of which is hereby incorporated by reference. Any use not in accordance with, and any failure to comply fully with, the Use Restrictions is expressly prohibited by law, and may result in severe civil and criminal penalties. Violators will be prosecuted to the maximum possible extent. You may not modify, publish, license, transmit (including by way of email, facsimile or other electronic means), transfer, sell, reproduce (including by copying or posting on any network computer), create derivative works from, display, store, or in any way exploit, broadcast, disseminate or distribute, in any format or media of any kind, any of the Digital Material, in whole or in part, without the express prior written consent of Informa. -
Flight International – July 2021.Pdf
FlightGlobal.com July 2021 RISE of the open rotor Airbus, Boeing cool subsidies feud p12 Home US Air Force studies advantage resupply rockets p28 MC-21 leads Russian renaissance p44 9 770015 371327 £4.99 Sonic gloom Ton up Investors A400M gets pull plug a lift with on Aerion 100th delivery 07 p30 p26 Comment All together now Green shoots Irina Lavrishcheva/Shutterstock While CFM International has set out its plan to deliver a 20% fuel saving from its next engine, only the entire aviation ecosystem working in concert can speed up decarbonisation ohn Slattery, the GE Aviation restrictions, the RISE launch event governments have a key role to chief executive, has many un- was the first time that Slattery and play here through incentivising the doubted skills, but perhaps his Safran counterpart, Olivier An- production and use of SAF; avia- the least heralded is his abil- dries, had met face to face since tion must influence policy, he said. Jity to speak in soundbites while they took up their new positions. It He also noted that the engine simultaneously sounding natural. was also just a week before what manufacturers cannot do it alone: It is a talent that politicians yearn would have been the first day of airframers must also drive through for, but which few can master; the Paris air show – the likely launch aerodynamic and efficiency im- frequently the individual simply venue for the RISE programme. provements for their next-genera- sounds stilted, as though they were However, out of the havoc tion products. reading from an autocue. -
Getting Shipshape
AER October 2020 OSPACE DOES AEROSPACE HAVE A RACE PROBLEM? SECRETS FROM THE FALKLANDS AIR WAR POWERING UP ELECTRIC FLIGHT www.aerosociety.com October 2020 GETTING SHIPSHAPE Volume 47 Number 10 Volume UK F-35B FORCE GETS READY FOR FIRST OPERATIONAL CARRIER DEPLOYMENT Royal AeronauticaSociety OCTOBER 2020 AEROSPACE COVER FINAL.indd 1 18/09/2020 14:59 RAeS 2020 Virtual Conference Programme Join us from wherever you are in the world to experience high quality, informative content. Book early for our special introductory offer rates. STRUCTURES & MATERIALS UAS / ROTORCRAFT / AIR TRANSPORT GREENER BY DESIGN 7th Aircraft Structural Urban Air Mobility RAeS Climate Change Design Conference Conference 2020 Conference 2020 DATE NEW DATE DATE 8 October 22 - 23 October 3 - 4 November TIME TIME TIME 14:00 - 17:00 13:00 - 18:00 13:00 - 18:00 SCAN USING SCAN USING SCAN USING YOUR PHONE YOUR PHONE YOUR PHONE FOR MORE INFO FOR MORE INFO FOR MORE INFO Embark on your virtual learning journey with the RAeS Connect and interact with our speakers and ask questions live Engage and network with other professionals from across the world Meet our sponsors at our virtual exhibitor booths Access content post-event to continue your professional development For the full virtual conference programme and further details on what to expect visit aerosociety.com/VCP Volume 47 Number 10 October 2020 EDITORIAL Contents When global rules unravel Regulars 4 Radome 12 Transmission What price global standards, rules and regulations? Pre-pandemic there were The latest aviation and Your letters, emails, tweets aeronautical intelligence, and social media feedback. -
Feeling Supersonic
FlightGlobal.com May 2021 How Max cuts hurt Boeing backlog Making throwaway Feeling aircraft aff ordable p32 Hydrogen switch for Fresson’s Islander p34 supersonic Will Overture be in tune with demand? p52 9 770015 371327 £4.99 Big worries Warning sign We assess A380 Why NOTAM outlook as last burden can delivery looms baffl e pilots 05 p14 p22 Comment Prospects receding Future dreaming Once thought of as the future of air travel, the A380 is already heading into retirement, but aviation is keenly focused on the next big thing Airbus t has been a rapid rise and fall for on who you ask. As we report else- Hydrogen is not without its the Airbus A380, which not so where in this issue, there are those issues, of course, but nonethe- long ago was being hailed as the banking on supersonic speeds be- less it appears more feasible as a future of long-haul air travel. ing the answer. power source for large transport IThe superjumbo would be, The likes of Aerion and Boom Su- aircraft than batteries do at pres- forecasts said, the perfect tool for personic view the ability to shave ent, even allowing for improving airlines operating into mega-hubs significant time from journeys as a energy densities. such as Dubai that were beginning unique selling point. However, there are others who to spring up. While projects are likely to be see hydrogen through a differ- But the planners at Airbus failed technologically feasible, to be able ent filter. They argue that so- to take into consideration the to sell these new aircraft in signif- called sub-regional aircraft – the efficiency gains available from icant volumes their manufacturers Britten-Norman Islander, among a new generation of widebody will have to ensure that supersonic others – can be given fresh impetus twinjets that allowed operators to flight is not merely the domain of if a fuel source can be found that is open up previously uneconomical the ultra-rich. -
Aviation Week & Space Technology
STARTS AFTER PAGE 34 How Air Trvel New Momentum for My Return Smll Nrrowbodies? ™ $14.95 APRIL 20-MAY 3, 2020 SUSTAINABLY Digital Edition Copyright Notice The content contained in this digital edition (“Digital Material”), as well as its selection and arrangement, is owned by Informa. and its affiliated companies, licensors, and suppliers, and is protected by their respective copyright, trademark and other proprietary rights. Upon payment of the subscription price, if applicable, you are hereby authorized to view, download, copy, and print Digital Material solely for your own personal, non-commercial use, provided that by doing any of the foregoing, you acknowledge that (i) you do not and will not acquire any ownership rights of any kind in the Digital Material or any portion thereof, (ii) you must preserve all copyright and other proprietary notices included in any downloaded Digital Material, and (iii) you must comply in all respects with the use restrictions set forth below and in the Informa Privacy Policy and the Informa Terms of Use (the “Use Restrictions”), each of which is hereby incorporated by reference. Any use not in accordance with, and any failure to comply fully with, the Use Restrictions is expressly prohibited by law, and may result in severe civil and criminal penalties. Violators will be prosecuted to the maximum possible extent. You may not modify, publish, license, transmit (including by way of email, facsimile or other electronic means), transfer, sell, reproduce (including by copying or posting on any network computer), create derivative works from, display, store, or in any way exploit, broadcast, disseminate or distribute, in any format or media of any kind, any of the Digital Material, in whole or in part, without the express prior written consent of Informa. -
Some Supersonic Aerodynamics
Some Supersonic Aerodynamics W.H. Mason Configuration Aerodynamics Class Grumman Tribody Concept – from 1978 Company Calendar The Key Topics • Brief history of serious supersonic airplanes – There aren’t many! • The Challenge – L/D, CD0 trends, the sonic boom • Linear theory as a starting point: – Volumetric Drag – Drag Due to Lift • The ac shift and cg control • The Oblique Wing • Aero/Propulsion integration • Some nonlinear aero considerations • The SST development work • Brief review of computational methods • Possible future developments Are “Supersonic Fighters” Really Supersonic? • If your car’s speedometer goes to 120 mph, do you actually go that fast? • The official F-14A supersonic missions (max Mach 2.4) – CAP (Combat Air Patrol) • 150 miles subsonic cruise to station • Loiter • Accel, M = 0.7 to 1.35, then dash 25nm – 4 ½ minutes and 50nm total • Then, head home or to a tanker – DLI (Deck Launch Intercept) • Energy climb to 35K ft., M = 1.5 (4 minutes) • 6 minutes at 1.5 (out 125-130nm) • 2 minutes combat (slows down fast) After 12 minutes, must head home or to a tanker Very few real supersonic airplanes • 1956: the B-58 (L/Dmax = 4.5) – In 1962: Mach 2 for 30 minutes • 1962: the A-12 (SR-71 in ’64) (L/Dmax = 6.6) – 1st supersonic flight, May 4, 1962 – 1st flight to exceed Mach 3, July 20, 1963 • 1964: the XB-70 (L/Dmax = 7.2) – In 1966: flew Mach 3 for 33 minutes • 1968: the TU-144 – 1st flight: Dec. 31, 1968 • 1969: the Concorde (L/Dmax = 7.4) – 1st flight, March 2, 1969 • 1990: the YF-22 and YF-23 (supercruisers) – YF-22: 1st flt. -
Make America Boom Again: How to Bring Back Supersonic Transport,” Eli Dourado and Samuel Hammond Show That It Is Time to Revisit the Ban
MAKE AMERICA BOOM AGAIN How to Bring Back Supersonic Transport _____________________ In 1973, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) banned civil supersonic flight over the United States, stymieing the development of a supersonic aviation industry. In “Make America Boom Again: How to Bring Back Supersonic Transport,” Eli Dourado and Samuel Hammond show that it is time to revisit the ban. Better technology—including better materials, engines, and simulation capabilities—mean it is now possible to produce a supersonic jet that is more economical and less noisy than those of the 1970s. It is time to rescind the ban in favor of a more modest and sensible noise standard. BACKGROUND Past studies addressing the ban on supersonic flight have had little effect. However, this paper takes a comprehensive view of the topic, covering the history of supersonic flight, the case for supersonic travel, the problems raised by supersonic flight, and regulatory alternatives to the ban. Dourado and Hammond synthesize the best arguments for rescinding the ban on supersonic flights over land and establish that the ban has had a real impact on the development of supersonic transport. KEY FINDINGS The FAA Should Replace the Ban on Overland Supersonic Flight with a Noise Standard The sonic boom generated by the Concorde and other early supersonic aircraft was very loud, and as a result the FAA banned flights in the United States from going faster than the speed of sound (Mach 1). This ban should be rescinded and replaced with a noise standard. A noise limit of 85–90 A-weighted decibels would be similar to noise standards for lawnmowers, blenders, and motorcy- cles, and would therefore be a reasonable standard during daytime hours. -
Aerospace and Aviation
GE Aviation in Evendale, Ohio. Where Aerospace and Aviation Companies Take Flight Ohio’s Innovative and Collaborative Environment Ohio is the birthplace of aviation and continues today as a place for leading-edge aerospace research, innovation and collaborative development. As the No. 1 supplier state to Boeing and Airbus, Ohio is a powerhouse producer of systems and parts for the aerospace industry, leveraging our innovation infrastructure and our manufacturing know- how. In addition, our mix of government, corporate and military investment in the industry make Ohio the ideal location for companies looking to expand and advance their aviation and aerospace operations. COTSWORKS in Highland Heights, Ohio. A Highly Skilled and Continuously Expanding Aerospace and Aviation Workforce Ohio’s skilled workforce, talent pipeline, training programs and higher education institutions provide aerospace and aviation companies the skilled workers they need to take their innovations to new heights. rd Largest Manufacturing 3 Workforce in the U.S. 18,000+ Engineering and Science degrees Graduate Each Year From 38,000+ 80+ University Campuses in the State Employees in the Private Aerospace Industry SEVEN Colleges and Universities Conducting th Highest Number UAS and Advanced Technology Research 5 of Top Aerospace Jobs in the Nation The National UAS Training and Certification Center located at Sinclair Community College Aerospace and 550+ Aviation Firms Innovation in the Sky and Beyond With $12 billion in R&D investments, Ohio is home to hundreds of organizations dedicated to advancing aerospace and aviation breakthroughs. Companies in Ohio can collaborate with government, academic, military, industry peers and industry organizations to develop and commercialize their latest aerospace and aviation technology. -
10. Supersonic Aerodynamics
Grumman Tribody Concept featured on the 1978 company calendar. The basis for this idea will be explained below. 10. Supersonic Aerodynamics 10.1 Introduction There have actually only been a few truly supersonic airplanes. This means airplanes that can cruise supersonically. Before the F-22, classic “supersonic” fighters used brute force (afterburners) and had extremely limited duration. As an example, consider the two defined supersonic missions for the F-14A: F-14A Supersonic Missions CAP (Combat Air Patrol) • 150 miles subsonic cruise to station • Loiter • Accel, M = 0.7 to 1.35, then dash 25 nm - 4 1/2 minutes and 50 nm total • Then, must head home, or to a tanker! DLI (Deck Launch Intercept) • Energy climb to 35K ft, M = 1.5 (4 minutes) • 6 minutes at M = 1.5 (out 125-130 nm) • 2 minutes Combat (slows down fast) After 12 minutes, must head home or to a tanker. In this chapter we will explain the key supersonic aerodynamics issues facing the configuration aerodynamicist. We will start by reviewing the most significant airplanes that had substantial sustained supersonic capability. We will then examine the key physical underpinnings of supersonic gas dynamics and their implications for configuration design. Examples are presented showing applications of modern CFD and the application of MDO. We will see that developing a practical supersonic airplane is extremely demanding and requires careful integration of the various contributing technologies. Finally we discuss contemporary efforts to develop new supersonic airplanes. 10.2 Supersonic “Cruise” Airplanes The supersonic capability described above is typical of most of the so-called supersonic fighters, and obviously the supersonic performance is limited. -
Archiv Quark 06 2016.Pdf
2016 ZAMYSLENIE NA ÚVOD Vydáva Udržať kvalitu Už viac ako dve desaťročia náš časopis bojuje o priazeň čitateľov Centrum vedecko-technických a o svoje miesto na trhu tlačených médií. Som rád, že nestráca informácií SR a svojich predplatiteľov a úspešne sa predáva. Okrem toho má svojich priaznivcov na Facebooku, pravidelných návštevníkov na webstrán- ke quark.sk a aj takých, ktorí si ho sťahujú do mobilov. Robia tak z jednoduchého dôvodu – tešia sa na novinky a zaujímavosti l Poverený vedením redakcie z oblasti vedy či techniky, ktoré v našom časopise nájdu. Ing. Vladimír Ješko Každý mesiac prinášame informácie o revolúcii v niektorom z vedných alebo technických l Redakcia odborov. Aj v Quarku, ktorý ste práve otvorili, nájdete dva príspevky o dvoch veľkých zme- Mgr. Renáta Józsová nách z oblasti vedy a techniky. Tie zmeny už nastali, alebo sa v blízkej budúcnosti stanú, Mgr. Pavol Prikryl a sú súčasťou života nás všetkých. Príspevok Vitajme v antropocéne objasňuje vplyv ľudskej l Grafická úprava a sadzba činnosti na našu planétu. Tieto zmeny síce siahajú ďaleko do minulosti, v posledných dvoch Ing. Ľudmila Gebauerová storočiach však nadobudli nebývalú intenzitu. Príspevok Prichádza robotická doba sa zasa l Tlač Valeur, s. r. o. Foto Pixabay www.valeur.sk l Sídlo redakcie Quark Staré grunty 52 842 44 Bratislava tel.: 02/69 29 52 02, 03 e-mail: [email protected] www.quark.sk IČO 151882 l Číslo 6, jún 2016 ročník XXII. l Vychádza začiatkom každého mesiaca. Počas roka vyjde 12 čísel. Cena jedného výtlačku je 1,89 €. l Objednávky predplatného v sídle vydavateľa QUARK, CVTI SR Lamačská cesta 8/A 811 04 Bratislava telefón: 02/69 25 31 98 e-mail: [email protected] l EV 554/08 pozerá do budúcnosti, lebo roboty, ktoré nás už teraz obklopujú, sa čoskoro stanú našimi ISSN1335-4000 každodennými súputníkmi. -
Vysoké Učení Technické V Brně Zavedení a Provoz Supersonického Business Jetu
VYSOKÉ UÈENÍ TECHNICKÉ V BRNĚ BRNO UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY FAKULTA STROJNÍHO INŽENÝRSTVÍ LETECKÝ ÚSTAV FACULTY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING INSTITUTE OF AEROSPACE ENGINEERING ZAVEDENÍ A PROVOZ SUPERSONICKÉHO BUSINESS JETU LAUNCHING AND OPERATING ISSUES OF SUPERSONIC BUSINESS JET DIPLOMOVÁ PRÁCE MASTER'S THESIS AUTOR PRÁCE Bc. DANIELA KINCOVÁ AUTHOR VEDOUCÍ PRÁCE Ing. RÓBERT ©O©OVIÈKA, Ph.D. SUPERVISOR BRNO 2015 Abstrakt Tato práce se zabývá problematikou zavedení a provozu nadzvukových business jetù. V dnešní době se v civilní letecké pøepravě, po ukončení provozu Concordu, žádná nadzvuková letadla nevyskytují. V dnešní době existuje mnoho projektù a organizací, které se zabý- vají znovuzavedením nadzvukových letounù do civilního letectví a soustředí se pøevážně na business jety. Hlavní otázkou je, zda je vùbec vhodné, èi rozumné se k tomu typu dopravy znovu vracet. Existuje hodně problémù, které toto komplikují. Tyto letouny způsobují příliš velký hluk, mají obrovskou spotøebu paliva a musí øe¹it nadměrné emise, létají ve vysokých výškách ve kterých mùže docházet k problémùm s pøetlakováním kabiny, navi- gací, radioaktivním zářením apod. Navíc zákaz supersonických letù nad pevninou letové cesty omezuje a prodlužuje. Současně vznikající projekty navíc nedosahují tak velkého doletu jako klasické moderní bussjety, což zpùsobuje, že se nadzvukové business jety se na delších tratích stávají neefektivní. I pøes tyto problémy, je víceméně jisté, že k zavedení nadzvukových business jetù dojde během následujících 10 - 15 let, i kdyby to měla být jen otázka jisté prestiže velmi bohatých lidí. Summary This thesis is dealing with problematic about launching and operating supersonic business jets. Nowadays, after Concorde retirement, there are no more any supersonic aircrafts in civil transport system.