Description of Model ADMS 5
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Table of Contents
CALPUFF Modeling System Version 6 User Instructions April 2011 Section 1: Introduction Table of Contents Page 1. OVERVIEW ...................................................................................................................... 1-1 1.1 CALPUFF Version 6 Modeling System............................................................... 1-1 1.2 Historical Background .......................................................................................... 1-2 1.3 Overview of the Modeling System ....................................................................... 1-7 1.4 Major Model Algorithms and Options................................................................. 1-19 1.4.1 CALMET................................................................................................ 1-19 1.4.2 CALPUFF............................................................................................... 1-23 1.5 Summary of Data and Computer Requirements .................................................. 1-28 2. GEOPHYSICAL DATA PROCESSORS.......................................................................... 2-1 2.1 TERREL Terrain Preprocessor............................................................................. 2-3 2.2 Land Use Data Preprocessors (CTGCOMP and CTGPROC) ............................. 2-27 2.2.1 Obtaining the Data.................................................................................. 2-27 2.2.2 CTGCOMP - the CTG land use data compression program .................. 2-29 2.2.3 CTGPROC - the land use preprocessor -
ARCOPOL the Atlantic Regions' Coastal Pollution Response
Airborne Pollution Propagation from water incidents: State of the art of air pollution models Activity 4 Task 4.2.1 ARCOPOL The Atlantic Regions’ Coastal Pollution Response Version: Version 2 Last updated on: 05/11/2010 Author: Meteogalicia Responsible partner: IST Involved partners: CETMAR, Meteogalicia, INTECMAR, IST, CIIMAR, EGMASA, Irish Marine Institute, Bretagne Region, Aquitaine Region Table of contents 1. Executive Summary .............................................................................................................. 3 2. Context and aims of the task ............................................................................................... 3 2.1. Summary of the 2008 Air Quality Directive ..................................................... 4 2.1.1. Concepts and definitions..................................................................................... 4 2.2. Where does the Air Quality Directive apply? .................................................. 6 2.2.1. Limits and target values for the protection of human health......................... 7 2.2.2. Limits and target values for the protection of vegetation............................... 9 2.2.3. Air quality web portals in Europe .................................................................... 9 3. Methodology........................................................................................................................ 12 3.1. When can models be used for the assessment of existing air quality? ....... 12 3.2. Combined use of measurements -
Climate Change
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH Number E-C271 May 2021 Critical Issues in Aviation and the Environment 2021 TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH BOARD 2020 EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE OFFICERS Chair: Carlos M. Braceras, Executive Director, Utah Department of Transportation, Salt Lake City Vice Chair: Susan A. Shaheen, Adjunct Professor, Co-Director, Transportation Sustainability Research Center, University of California, Berkeley Division Chair for NRC Oversight: Chris Hendrickson, Hamerschlag University Professor Emeritus, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Executive Director: Neil J. Pedersen, Transportation Research Board TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH BOARD 2020–2021 TECHNICAL ACTIVITIES COUNCIL Chair: Hyun-A C. Park, President, Spy Pond Partners, LLC, Arlington, Massachusetts Technical Activities Director: Ann M. Brach, Transportation Research Board Richard Bornhorst, Principal, FACTOR, Inc., Silver Spring, Maryland, Freight Systems Group Chair Michael Griffith, Director, Office of Safety Technologies, Federal Highway Administration, Washington, D.C., Safety and Operations Group Chair George Avery Grimes, CEO Advisor, Patriot Rail Company, Denver, Colorado, Rail Group Chair Brendon Hemily, Principal, Hemily and Associates, Toronto, Ontario, Public Transportation Group Chair Nikola Ivanov, Deputy Director, Center for Advanced Transportation Technology Laboratory, University of Maryland, College Park, Young Members Council Chair Pamela Keidel-Adams, Regional Vice President, Kimley-Horn and Associates, Inc., Mesa, Arizona, Aviation Group Chair C. James -
Development of the Next Generation Air Quality Models for Outer Continental Shelf (OCS) Applications
Development of the Next Generation Air Quality Models for Outer Continental Shelf (OCS) Applications Final Report: Volume 2 - CALPUFF Users Guide (CALMET and Preprocessors) March 2006 Prepared For: U.S. Department of the Interior, Minerals Management Service, Herndon, VA Contract No. 1435-01-01-CT-31071 Prepared By: Earth Tech, Inc. 196 Baker Avenue Concord, Massachusetts 01742 (978) 371-4000 Contents A. OVERVIEW A-1 A.1 Background A-1 A.2 Overview of the Modeling System A-4 A.3 Major Model Algorithms and Options A-14 A.4 Summary of Data and Computer Requirements A-23 B. GEOPHYSICAL DATA PROCESSORS B-1 B.1 TERREL Terrain Preprocessor B-3 B.2 Land Use Data Preprocessors (CTGCOMP and CTGPROC) B-17 B.3 MAKEGEO B-31 B.4 NIMA DATUM REFERENCE INFORMATION B-42 C. METEOROLOGICAL DATA PROCESSORS C-1 C.1 READ62 UPPER AIR PREPROCESSOR C-1 C.2 PXTRACT PRECIPITATION DATA EXTRACT PROGRAM C-12 C.3 PMERGE PRECIPITATION DATA PREPROCESSOR C-19 C.4 SMERGE SURFACE DATA METEOROLOGICAL PREPROCESSOR C-29 C.5 BUOY OVER-WATER DATA METEOROLOGICAL PREPROCESSOR C-39 D. PROGNOSTIC METEOROLOGICAL DATA PROCESSORS D-1 D.1 CALMM5 D-1 D.2 CALETA D-25 D.3 CALRUC D-40 D.4 CALRAMS D-48 D.5 3D.DAT OUTPUT FILE D-53 E. CALMET MODEL FILES E-1 E.1 User Control File (CALMET.INP) E-5 E.2 Geophysical Data File (GEO.DAT) E-49 E.3 Upper Air Data Files (UP1.DAT, UP2.DAT,...) E-61 E.4 Surface Meteorological Data File (SURF.DAT) E-66 E.5 Overwater Data Files (SEA1.DAT, SEA2.DAT, ...) E-70 E.6 Precipitation Data File (PRECIP.DAT) E-74 E.7 Preprocessed Diagnostic Model Data File (DIAG.DAT) E-78 E.8 Prognostic Model Data File (PROG.DAT) E-82 E.9 3D Model Data Files (3D.DAT) E-84 E.10 Terrain Weighting Factor Data File (WT.DAT) E-102 E.11 CALMET Output Files E-109 Volume II & III References A. -
Atmospheric Aerosol Properties and Climate Impacts
Atmospheric Aerosol Properties and Climate Impacts U.S. Climate Change Science Program Synthesis and Assessment Product 2.3 January 2009 FEDERAL EXECUTIVE TEAM Director, Climate Change Science Program: ................................William J. Brennan Director, Climate Change Science Program Office: .....................Peter A. Schultz Lead Agency Principal Representative to CCSP, Associate Director for Research, Earth Science Division, National Aeronautics and Space Administration: .........................Jack Kaye Lead Agency Point of Contact, Earth Science Division, National Aeronautics and Space Administration: ...........................Hal Maring Product Lead, Laboratory for Atmospheres, Earth Science Division, Goddard Space Flight Center, National Aeronautics and Space Administration: ..........................Mian Chin Chair, Synthesis and Assessment Product Advisory Group Associate Director, National Center for Environmental Assessment, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency: ....................Michael W. Slimak Synthesis and Assessment Product Coordinator, Climate Change Science Program Office: ......................................Fabien J.G. Laurier EDITORIAL AND PRODUCTION TEAM Editors: ..........................................................................................Mian Chin, NASA ..........................................................................................Ralph A. Kahn, NASA ..........................................................................................Stephen E. Schwartz, DOE Graphic Design: -
Evaluation of ISC3, AERMOD, and ADMS Dispersion Models with Observations from Five Field Sites
EVALUATION OF THE ADMS, AERMOD, AND ISC3 DISPERSION MODELS WITH THE OPTEX, DUKE FOREST, KINCAID, INDIANAPOLIS, AND LOVETT FIELD DATA SETS Steven R. Hanna*, Bruce A. Egan**, John Purdum***, and Jen Wagler**** *CSI MS 5C3, George Mason Univ., Fairfax, VA 22030-4444 USA **Egan Environmental, 75 Lothrop St., Beverly, MA 01915 USA ***17 Peters Way, North Attleboro, MA 02760 USA ****URS Greiner Woodward-Clyde, 38 Chauncy St., Boston, MA 02111 USA ABSTRACT The model evaluation exercise addresses the question whether the new models, ADMS and AERMOD, produce improvements over ISC3 when compared with a range of field observations. ADMS and AERMOD have similar state-of-the-art scientific components, whereas ISC3 contains 1960s technology. The five sets of field observations used in the statistical evaluation represent a cross-section of typical scenarios encountered by modelers. The OPTEX data base concerns non-buoyant tracer releases within an oil refinery complex, and the Duke Forest data base involves non-buoyant tracer releases from area and volume sources in an open field. The Kincaid, Indianapolis, and Lovett data bases all deal with buoyant plumes from tall stacks at power plants. However, the settings are quite different, since the Kincaid plant is surrounded by flat farmland, the Indianapolis plant is located in an urban environment, and the Lovett plant is sited in a valley surrounded by complex terrain with monitors at elevations higher than the stack. Analysis of the model performance measures suggest that ISC3 typically overpredicts, has a scatter of about a factor of three, and has about 33% of its predictions within a factor of two of observations. -
Environmental Protection Agency
Wednesday, November 9, 2005 Part III Environmental Protection Agency 40 CFR Part 51 Revision to the Guideline on Air Quality Models: Adoption of a Preferred General Purpose (Flat and Complex Terrain) Dispersion Model and Other Revisions; Final Rule VerDate Aug<31>2005 16:55 Nov 08, 2005 Jkt 205001 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 4717 Sfmt 4717 E:\FR\FM\09NOR3.SGM 09NOR3 68218 Federal Register / Vol. 70, No. 216 / Wednesday, November 9, 2005 / Rules and Regulations ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION telephone (919) 541–5562. SCRAM) at: www.epa.gov/scram001. AGENCY ([email protected]). You may find codes and documentation SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: for models referenced in today’s action 40 CFR Part 51 on the SCRAM Web site. We have also Outline uploaded various support documents [AH–FRL–7990–9] I. General Information (e.g., evaluation reports). II. Background RIN 2060–AK60 III. Public Hearing on the April 2000 II. Background proposal The Guideline is used by EPA, States, Revision to the Guideline on Air IV. Discussion of Public Comments and Quality Models: Adoption of a and industry to prepare and review new Issues from our April 21, 2000 Proposal source permits and State Preferred General Purpose (Flat and A. AERMOD and PRIME Complex Terrain) Dispersion Model B. Appropriate for Proposed Use Implementation Plan revisions. The and Other Revisions C. Implementation Issues/Additional Guideline is intended to ensure Guidance consistent air quality analyses for AGENCY: Environmental Protection D. AERMOD revision and reanalyses in activities regulated at 40 CFR 51.112, Agency (EPA). 2003 51.117, 51.150, 51.160, 51.166, and ACTION: Final rule. -
2005 Appendix W
Wednesday, November 9, 2005 Part III Environmental Protection Agency 40 CFR Part 51 Revision to the Guideline on Air Quality Models: Adoption of a Preferred General Purpose (Flat and Complex Terrain) Dispersion Model and Other Revisions; Final Rule VerDate Aug<31>2005 16:55 Nov 08, 2005 Jkt 205001 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 4717 Sfmt 4717 E:\FR\FM\09NOR3.SGM 09NOR3 68218 Federal Register / Vol. 70, No. 216 / Wednesday, November 9, 2005 / Rules and Regulations ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION telephone (919) 541–5562. SCRAM) at: www.epa.gov/scram001. AGENCY ([email protected]). You may find codes and documentation SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: for models referenced in today’s action 40 CFR Part 51 on the SCRAM Web site. We have also Outline uploaded various support documents [AH–FRL–7990–9] I. General Information (e.g., evaluation reports). II. Background RIN 2060–AK60 III. Public Hearing on the April 2000 II. Background proposal The Guideline is used by EPA, States, Revision to the Guideline on Air IV. Discussion of Public Comments and Quality Models: Adoption of a and industry to prepare and review new Issues from our April 21, 2000 Proposal source permits and State Preferred General Purpose (Flat and A. AERMOD and PRIME Complex Terrain) Dispersion Model B. Appropriate for Proposed Use Implementation Plan revisions. The and Other Revisions C. Implementation Issues/Additional Guideline is intended to ensure Guidance consistent air quality analyses for AGENCY: Environmental Protection D. AERMOD revision and reanalyses in activities regulated at 40 CFR 51.112, Agency (EPA). 2003 51.117, 51.150, 51.160, 51.166, and ACTION: Final rule. -
Algorithms and Analytical Solutions for Rapidly Approximating Long-Term Dispersion from Line and Area Sources
This paper might be a pre-copy-editing or a post-print author-produced .pdf of an article accepted for publication. For the definitive publisher-authenticated version, please refer directly to publishing house’s archive system. Atmospheric Environment 43 (2009) 3249–3258 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Atmospheric Environment journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/atmosenv Algorithms and analytical solutions for rapidly approximating long-term dispersion from line and area sources Steven R.H. Barrett*, Rex E. Britter University of Cambridge, Department of Engineering, Trumpington Street, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, UK article info abstract Article history: Predicting long-term mean pollutant concentrations in the vicinity of airports, roads and other industrial Received 15 July 2008 sources are frequently of concern in regulatory and public health contexts. Many emissions are repre- Received in revised form sented geometrically as ground-level line or area sources. Well developed modelling tools such as 11 March 2009 AERMOD and ADMS are able to model dispersion from finite (i.e. non-point) sources with considerable Accepted 13 March 2009 accuracy, drawing upon an up-to-date understanding of boundary layer behaviour. Due to mathematical difficulties associated with line and area sources, computationally expensive numerical integration Keywords: schemes have been developed. For example, some models decompose area sources into a large number Dispersion modelling Long-term average concentrations of line sources orthogonal to the mean wind direction, for which an analytical (Gaussian) solution exists. Area sources Models also employ a time-series approach, which involves computing mean pollutant concentrations Line sources for every hour over one or more years of meteorological data. -
An Integrated Modelling Approach to Estimate Urban Traffic Emissions
An Integrated Modelling Approach to Estimate Urban Traffic Emissions by Aarshabh Misra A thesis submitted in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Master of Applied Sciences Department of Civil Engineering University of Toronto © Copyright by Aarshabh Misra, 2012 An Integrated Modelling Approach to Estimate Urban Traffic Emissions Aarshabh Misra Master of Applied Sciences Department of Civil Engineering University of Toronto 2012 Abstract Vehicular emissions contribute significantly to poor air quality in urban areas. An integrated modelling approach is adopted to estimate microscale urban traffic emissions. The modelling framework consists of a traffic microsimulation model, a microscopic emissions model, and two dispersion models. This framework is applied to a traffic network in downtown Toronto to evaluate summer time morning peak traffic emissions during weekdays for carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxide. The model predicted results are validated against sensor observations with a reasonably good fit. Availability of local estimates of ambient concentration is useful for accurate comparisons of total predicted concentrations with observed concentrations. Both predicted and observed concentrations are significantly smaller than the National Ambient Air Quality Objectives established by Environment Canada. Sensitivity analysis is performed on a set of input parameters and horizontal wind speed is found to be the most influential factor in pollutant dispersion. ii Acknowledgments I find it ironical how acknowledgements are featured at the very beginning of a thesis even though they are the last thing written out once all the ‘real’ writing is complete. Nonetheless, I feel this is probably the most well read section of any thesis! I wish to express my sincere gratitude to thesis supervisors Professor Matthew Roorda and Professor Heather MacLean for the steady support, guidance, and useful feedback they gave me at critical junctures, during the course of my thesis. -
WHO. Guidance for Identifying Populations at Risk from Mercury Exposure. Issued by UNEP DTIE Chemicals Branch
UNITED NATIONS ENVIRONMENT PROGRAMME DTIE CHEMICALS BRANCH GUIDANCE FOR IDENTIFYING POPULATIONS AT RISK FROM MERCURY EXPOSURE August 2008 Issued by UNEP DTIE Chemicals Branch and WHO Department of Food Safety, Zoonoses and Foodborne Diseases Geneva, Switzerland ii Disclaimer: This publication is intended to serve as a guide. While the information provided is believed to be accurate, UNEP and WHO disclaim any responsibility for possible inaccuracies or omissions and consequences that may flow from them. UNEP, WHO, or any individual involved in the preparation of this publication shall not be liable for any injury, loss, damage or prejudice of any kind that may be caused by persons who have acted based on their understanding of the information contained in this publication. The designation employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply any expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the United Nations, UNEP, or WHO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or any of its authorities, or concerning any definition of frontiers or boundaries. This publication is produced within the framework of the Inter-Organization Programme for the Sound Management of Chemicals (IOMC). This publication was developed in the IOMC context. The contents do not necessarily reflect the views or stated policies of individual IOMC Participating Organizations. The Inter-Organisation Programme for the Sound Management of Chemicals (IOMC) was established in 1995 following recommendations made by the 1992 UN Conference on Environment and Development to strengthen co-operation and increase international co-ordination in the field of chemical safety. The participating organisations are FAO, ILO, OECD, UNEP, UNIDO, UNITAR and WHO. -
Table of Session Oral and Poster Presentation (Red Written Papers Are Not Available)
Table of Session Oral and Poster presentation (red written papers are not available) Session 1 Model Evaluation Session 2 : Air Quality Management ; the EU air quality directive Session 3 Urban Air Quality Modelling Session 4 Model Intercomparison Session 5 Street Canyon Models Session 6 Decision Support System Session 7 Meteorological Pre-Processing CORIA – UMR 6614. CNRS – UNIVERSITE & INSA DE ROUEN – France. Tel: 33 (0)2 32 95 97 82 - Fax: 33 (0)2 32 95 97 80 - E-mail: [email protected] - Http://www.coria.fr Session 1 Model Evaluation CORIA – UMR 6614. CNRS – UNIVERSITE & INSA DE ROUEN – France. Tel: 33 (0)2 32 95 97 82 - Fax: 33 (0)2 32 95 97 80 - E-mail: [email protected] - Http://www.coria.fr Table of contents Session 1 Model Evaluation Oral Presentation. Paper 1 QUALITY ASSURANCE OF URBAN DISPERSION MODELS M. Schatzmann & B. Leitl,Germany Paper 8 INTERCOMPARISON OF THE LAGRANGIAN AND EULERIEAN MODEL PREDICTIONS AT LOCAL SCALE WITH MEASURED CONCENTRATIONS V.Sandu, Romania Paper 13 SIMULATIONS OF ATMOSPHERIC DISPERSION IN URBAN STABLE BOUNDARY LAYER E. Ferrero, D. Anfonssi, G Tinarelli, Italy Paper 20 EVALUATION OF A NON-GAUSSIAN PUFF MODEL T. Tirabassi, C. Mangia and U. Rizza, Italy Paper 24 STUDY OF TURBULENCE AND POLLUTANT DISPERSION UNDER NEUTRALLY AND UNSTABLY STRATIFIED ATMOSHERE UNSING A SECOND- ORDER EULERIAN MODEL C.H. Liu and D. Y. C. Leung, China. Paper 31 A LAGRANGIAN-PUFF DISPERSION MODEL: EVALUATION AGAINST TRACER DATA C. Mangia, U. Rizza, Italy Paper 38 EFFECTS OF CONCENTRATION FLUCTUATIONS ON STATISTICAL EVALUATIONS OF CENTERLINE CONCENTRATION ESTIMATES BY ATMOSPHERIC DISPERSION MODELS J.