Achievements Celebrated for NAIDOC 2018

Aboriginal Way www.nativetitlesa.org Issue 71, Winter 2018 A publication of South Australian Native Title Services

Above: Women gather on Parliament House steps following NAIDOC March (more page 4). Achievements celebrated for NAIDOC 2018 The outstanding contributions Dr Jennifer Caruso is the first Indigenous 2015 completely paralysed, to become Scholar of the Year was presented to of Aboriginal people in the woman to complete a PhD thesis on the successful locally and nationally and win Ngarrindjeri Kaurna woman Ashum Owen. South Australian community Stolen Generations. Her work on the the national title in 2017. Ashum has completed double degrees were recognised at the NAIDOC removal of children to Croker Island and Lachlan also works with young people, in Law and Psychology, while contributing SA Awards, held at the Grand the policies around child removal was he is an Aboriginal Support Office with to university life with the Flinders Chancellor Hotel on Monday the culmination of an academic career an SA primary school. Indigenous Student Association and 9 July 2018. which she began when she returned to the Indigenous Law Student Mentoring school to complete her SACE at age 35. There doesn’t seem to be a sport that From a scholar who is the first Indigenous Program among others. Dr Caruso was awarded the Lifetime Ruth Wallace hasn’t achieved in, she person to write a doctorate on the Achievement Award. ran the New York Marathon in 2014, Aunty Stephanie Gollan is a Ngarrindjeri Stolen Generations, to an Elder who is played for Adelaide United Soccer team woman who was born at Raukkan and the driving force behind a valuable men’s Sportsman of the Year Award was from 2008–2013, was a member of the she was awarded Female Elder of the shed program, to a young person who presented to a young man who holds Australian Junior Matildas team and more Year this year. She is skilled in traditional overcame serious illness to become a the national title in the sport of All recently has moved to AFL after being and contemporary cultural techniques, national title holder, the awards remind Star Cheerleading. Lachlan Buckskin recruited by the Adelaide Crows. Ruth such as jewellery making and basket. us of the diversity and talents of South overcame guillain barre syndrome, Wallace was awarded Sportswoman of Australian Aboriginal people. which saw him wake up one morning in the Year at the NAIDOC 2018 Awards. Continued on page 2

Inside: 10 years of SANTS 8 2108 National Native Title Conference 10 Kids on Kaurna Country 17 Cofﬁn Bay residents connect with Nauo people 21 Achievements celebrated for NAIDOC 2018 Continued from page 1 community service. He was awarded the issues are heard. He was presented the Colleen Raven creates photographic Male Elder of the Year title this year. Caring for Country Award for 2018. portraits with a unique style and vision. Known as an enthusiastic and Her business, Nharla Photography, was inspirational elder, Aunty Steph was Chelsea Eldridge was recognised as SA Cedric Varcoe is a Ngarrindjeri man recognised as ATSI Business of the Year. recognised for her crafts and creativity Apprentice or Trainee of the Year. She who has had national and international and for sharing her knowledge. completed the coursework for her role success with his unique artworks. He The Lifetime Achievement Award was ahead of schedule and has gained a also contributes to community art presented to Pat Warrior-Reid, who has Trevor Bromley is the driving force permanent position. Chelsea dealt with the projects, including holding workshops worked for the community in many roles behind the Zebra Finch Men’s group, sudden passing of her father with courage for prisoners in Port Augusta. Cedric across many years, including with the which brings men together to talk, share and resilience during her training. Varcoe is NAIDOC SA Artist of the Year. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander a meal and make artefacts. Along the Women’s Alliance. way it provides important social support Ngarrindjeri man Grant Rigney has Carly Dodd spends time both volunteer particularly to men with a disability. worked for country for decades with the and paid taking care of Elders. She is also She draws on her Christian faith to work Trevor Bromley is also a part of the Ngarrindjeri land and water program. He an artist and her work is appearing during with love and patience and has dealt with SA Elders Council and an Aboriginal is tireless in his advocacy for country and the SALA Festival. Carly was awarded personal health challenges with courage Culture Ofﬁcer with Kura Yerlo Aboriginal will speak to ensure that all, even complex Young Person of the Year for 2018. and strength.

This page, left to right, from top: Michael O’Brien presents Welcome to Country; John Brown and Lauren Hill; Frankie Tureleo; Rudi Pakoa, Vonda Last, Pastor Willie and Tony Minnecon; Donald Hayward and Scharlene Lamont, NAIDOC SA Chair; All SA NAIDOC 2018 Award recipients; Renee Andrew and Deb Francis; Glen Wingﬁeld, Dean Hodgson and Michael Colbung; Carol Morrison-Logan and Mark Waters; Colleen Raven and Chris Larkin.

2 Aboriginal Way, Winter 2018 Premier’s NAIDOC Awards

The winner of the Premier’s NAIDOC at the Elizabeth courthouse. His work Award for 2018 is Kokatha woman has seen changes in the lives of many Joyleen Thomas. Aboriginal people including long term improvements in housing, employment Ms Thomas was recognised by the and other opportunities. Premier on Thursday 12 July for her longstanding commitment to Frank Clarke is a Veteran of the Australian reconciliation, the employment of Army, whose service Australian Army Aboriginal people, social justice, and the included 12 months active service in preservation of Kokatha heritage, culture Vietnam. Now retired, he has contributed and their pursuit of self-determination. to the recognition of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander veterans by speaking to “She has also championed Aboriginal students about his army experience employment in the public sector for and participation in the Committee that over thirty years, working tirelessly to established the Aboriginal and Torres improve the opportunities for Aboriginal Strait Islander War Memorial. employees. She‘s been pivotal in developing reconciliation strategies for Winnie Warrior has spent 20 years government agencies” Mr Marshall said. working in Education, first as a volunteer, then as an Aboriginal Education Worker, “Joyleen has also been a champion now an Aboriginal Education Manager of increasing awareness of Aboriginal in Northern Adelaide. She coordinates culture. She is described as someone A whole of government approach community engagement for the Making who is highly respected and often called an Impact Project, which aims to reduce Since becoming Premier in March, Steven Marshall has signalled upon by members of her community to the number of young Aboriginal people a new approach to Aboriginal Affairs in South Australia, which has deal with administrative, political, social in the Youth Justice system in Northern included cancelling the Treaty process which was commenced by and cultural issues” the Premier told the the previous government. Adelaide and is recognised for her audience at the Awards ceremony. commitment and dedication in her work. At the Premier’s NAIDOC Awards, he addressed the audience to explain the On receiving the award, Ms Thomas new “whole of government approach”. “Each of these finalists have made recognised the contributions of other significant contributions to the lives As Premier I’ve taken responsibility for Aboriginal Affairs and Reconciliation. finalists and acknowledged the theme of Aboriginal South Australians and I’ve done so because I believe that right across government we have to find of NAIDOC Week 2018 – “because of truly deserve the recognition and more practical and timely ways to support our Aboriginal communities. her we can”. commendation they are receiving this I have asked all of my ministers to discuss with their agencies actions they “I honour the women who went before evening” the Premier said. can take to make a real difference, a practical difference in Aboriginal lives me and thank them for all their hard in the state. The Premier also announced Peshwah work” Ms Thomas said. Fielding as the recipient of the Dr Alice These will be taken into a two-year Action Plan with accountability for The three other finalists in the Premier’s Rigney Prize, which recognises an measurable outcomes clearly attributed to responsible Ministers. NAIDOC Awards this year were Ian Aboriginal young person dedicated to Governments can’t solve all problems, but I believe we can be much Sansbury, Frank Clarke and Winnie Warrior. their education. more responsive. This Action Plan is an important starting point and Ian Sansbury is currently program “Congratulations to Miss Peshwah will be released at the end of this year after consultation with Aboriginal community representatives. manager of the Western Adelaide Fielding, a Year 12 student from the Wiltja Aboriginal specific homelessness Anangu Secondary College who is on I recognise that Aboriginal communities want strong relationships with the service. He established an independent track to complete her SACE at the end government, they want regular engagement. They want to be able to present program that supports Aboriginal women of this year in addition to completing a views to ministers and to senior people within government agencies. They want experiencing mental health issues and Certificate III in Sport and Recreation,” their views considered and responded to and where possible, actioned. They also sits on the panel for the Nunga court said Premier Steven Marshall. also want strong governance processes in their own communities to ensure that when they are engaging with government the representation of their people’s views is effective. I believe we can do all of these things in working together to get practical outcomes in key areas such as economic participation, justice, health and education. My government will work with Aboriginal people in a collaborative, respectful, place-based way to develop the mechanisms that will enable this to happen. We’ll do this to ensure that the services that we deliver are those that are needed the most, are coordinated and delivered to meet local needs. I believe this is the best way to meet the aspirations of Aboriginal South Australians for a stronger and more productive relationship with the Government. Premier Steven Marshall 12 July 2018

This page, left to right, from top: Audience at Premier’s NAIDOC Award applaud winner Joyleen Thomas; Tahlia Warrior, Winnie Warrior, Pat Buckskin and Josie Warrior; Ian Sansbury, Pewshwar Fielding, Governor Hieu Van Le, Joyleen Thomas, Premier Steven Marshall, Frank Clarke and Winnie Warrior; Finalist Frank Clarke.

Aboriginal Way, Winter 2018 3 NAIDOC March and Family Fun Day

Women led the way in this year’s At the steps of Parliament House, NAIDOC March from Victoria Square women took the microphone to express (Tarntanyangga) to Parliament House. their gratitude for those who have gone before. In a year with the theme “because of her we can”, a large crowd of people Back at Tarntanyangga, families enjoyed marched down King William street in a fun day out with a wide array of celebration of the achievements of entertainment including a visit by Crows Aboriginal people, in particular star Eddie Betts, live music, food and women, in South Australia. information stalls.

This page, left to right, from top: Linda Wondunna, Tulara Wondunna, Hannah Brooks, Lisal Helps, Vicky Scott, Deb Bland and Teegan Bryant; Jamie Goldsmith performs yidaki; NAIDOC 2018, led by women; Geoff Cooper, Bonny Gibson, Fred Agius, Greg Hughes and Finlay Hughes; Khatija Thomas; Eddie Betts meets fans; Christine Abdulla, Ronnie Mitchell, Gilbert Karpeny, Seth Karpeny and Morris Karpeny Jnr; NAIDOC 2018 March; March approaches Parliament House; Rosemary Wanganeen, Carina Wanganeen, Jordan Wanganeen and Kadence Burrell; women take the steps of Parliament House.

4 Aboriginal Way, Winter 2018 Elizabeth community marks NAIDOC

Elizabeth community members gathered at the Midway Road Community House to hear to hear the wisdom of the Grannies Group during NAIDOC week. They also contributed to a community artwork by Jasmine Glancey.

Above, left to right, from top left: Grannies Group members – Diana Grose, Collen Welch, Dorothy Young, Veronica Kartinyeri, Daisy Wanganeen, (Yvonne Agius); Artist Jasmine Glancey; Community members complete NAIDOC Artwork; Parry Agius. Pooraka Farm Community Centre NAIDOC event Community members from Pooraka celebrated the NAIDOC theme of “because of her we can” with an event at Henderson Square and Pooraka Farm Community Centre on Wednesday 11 July.

A ﬂag raising ceremony was held by Kaurna Elder Frank Wanganeen and the crowd heard from Aunty Shirley Peisley about the history of the Aboriginal ﬂag, created in Adelaide by Harold Thomas.

Aunty Doris Kartinyeri was there with her friend Christine Wilson and Aunty Doris shared her poem “We are the stolen children” with the audience at the ﬂag raising ceremony.

Above: NAIDOC was celebrated in Rundle Mall with the a launch of an artwork dedicated to theme “Because of Her We can”. Left to right, from top left: Tamaru Kartineri performs smoking ceremony; Lorelle Hunter with children Dakota and Koah and Dorothy Johncock with Gus and Ruben; Tamaru Karineri and Letiticia Fortune (and Lenny the snake); Dr Jenni Caruso and Jo Willmot; Artwork by Lorelle Hunter Above, left to right, from top: Flag Raising at Pooraka Farm Community Centre; Glenys Warrior; Aunty Doris celebrates Aboriginal women; Welcome to Country; Sharon Perkins and Vicky Welgraven, ACC Reconciliation Kartinyeri, Christine Wilson and Ofﬁcers Derek Grifﬁths and Melanie Turner; Doris Kartinyeri; Shirley Peisley Committee; Ivan Copley, Frank Wanganeen, Harry Harrun and Malcolm Gollan. and Frank Wanganeen.

Aboriginal Way, Winter 2018 5 Senior SA Police Ofﬁcer shares her family’s history in Reconciliation Week

A senior police ofﬁcer has recounted her family’s history of conﬂict with white authorities, but says that despite the past, working in the force allows her to help Aboriginal people and advance reconciliation.

Sergeant Danielle James-A’Hang, Aboriginal Policy Ofﬁcer for SAPOL delivered a powerful speech at the Reconciliation in the North event which was hosted by the City of Salisbury and City of Tea Tree Gully during Reconciliation Week this year.

In line with the “Don’t keep history a mystery” theme of Reconciliation Week, Sgt James-A’Hang spoke about her family’s history.

Her great-great grandmother was a Nauo person living at the time of the Elliston massacre, her great uncle was a veteran of the First World War who wondered if he would be allowed back into the country after ﬁghting and her grandmother lived in fear of having her children taken away.

She says that her family’s story is a common one that should be shared, and in that way reconciliation can be advanced.

“I see a disconnection from actually knowing why we’re trying to create reconciliation” Sgt James-A’Hang told Aboriginal Way.

“It’s not a passing on of the baton Aboriginal soldiers would even be allowed In fact her great uncle was a popular there’s such commonality with that story, of blame. It’s a reflection of what has back in the country after they had fought person in the local community and perhaps we don’t realise the significance happened and that those healings for the nation. her great great grandmother was a of it” she said. from that journey still continue today. valued nunkari. “My great-uncle went to the First World Sgt James-A’Hang accepts the anger that “We’re still living with the generations War in around 1915 and fought at “She became the healer and the some Aboriginal people have towards that were removed, the generations Fromelles, in France, in the trenches. He midwife for the local Aboriginal people police and other white authorities, given that came under the Flora and Fauna Act was wounded, he was shot, and then and also the local pastoralists and white this common story. that were not considered to be human he also suffered mustard gas, which people that had ultimately driven the “I don’t refute it or reject this opinion. beings, that were not considered to have led to his convalescing in England and Nauo people off the edge of the cliff” We share the story” she said. the right to vote. Basic principles that eventually his return to Australia.” Sgt James-A’Hang said. we take for granted in these days. “Even though I’m wearing uniform, we Returning to Australia after fighting for “One has gone to fight for Australia and “So, reconciliation requires people to the nation was not an automatic process one has gone on to birth the children share the story and, therefore, we have go back and ask the question, why do for Aboriginal diggers like Sgt James- of the people who most likely drove her empathy for an Aboriginal person who is we need to have reconciliation today, A’Hang’s great uncle. people off the edge of the cliff” she said. spending time in front of us. in 2018?” she said. “It’s really important to remember Sgt James-A’Hang believes that many “Everybody thinks that policing is about Sgt James-A’Hang’s grandmother was that time frame because, not long Aboriginal people hesitate to share arresting people. It is so not. It’s about a Kokotha and Nauo person. Her name beforehand, Aboriginal trackers were their family’s history for varied reasons, having a connection with somebody and was Maggie Way. taken from Australia to the Boer War including the shame that comes from then helping that person in their most vulnerable time of need. “The Nauo people were the people around about 1890, where they served generations of being fearful. as trackers in the British regiment. that were in the surrounds of Elliston. “I think, for some people, you were “Thirty percent of our prison population At the time, Elliston was the largest “They were then left in South Africa, made to feel ashamed that you were is Aboriginal. We have more removal port in South Australia” she said. never to return back to their homeland. Aboriginal. It was the standard norm of children than ever before. We have to keep it a secret, to squirrel it away, the highest rate per capita of domestic “As a result of conflict in the area, “So, for Aboriginal people who were to hide when authorities came, to be violence. The highest in the western between Aboriginal people and joining up in the First World War, it was fearful. So, there’s a generation of world. So, the police are at the centre of pastoralists, the Nauo people were quite a time of trepidation and fear. not telling the story. that. They’re at the centre of arresting rounded up at gunpoint and driven “They wanted to defend their country; you, they’re at the centre of helping you, through the countryside and off a cliff” Sharing the story is very important they wanted to be a part of Australia. Yet, they’re at the centre of being at your side Sgt James-A’Hang recounted. as so many families had the same there was also an underlining uncertainty when you are most in need. experience, she says. She is keen to point out that there has as to whether they were going to be “I’m of the opinion that change will never been healing around this historic site allowed back in” she explained “My story is not unique. My story is every come from the outside. You want to as the local district council in Elliston single Aboriginal person’s story. We share The fact that her uncle was allowed make change happen? You get educated, have erected a monument to recognise that story together. back in and that he and his mother you get in the inside and then you work the incident. were accepted into the community “It is replicated over and over again, yourself up into a position where you can Her great uncle fought in World War I in is a unique story of reconciliation not only in Adelaide, but South Australia make significant change at a significant an era when there was uncertainty that Sgt James-A’Hang said. and the whole of Australia. And because level” Sgt James-A’Hang said.

6 Aboriginal Way, Winter 2018 Gladys Elphick Awards

The Gladys Elphick Committee said, well, how can we support them hosts awards each year to honour growing personally and how can the significant achievements we support them in growing their of Aboriginal women and their capacity to impart change, and lift up, contributions to the South and advance? Australian community. “So, we applied to the federal Sgt Danielle James-A’Hang is government for a grant and we’ve Chairperson of the committee and been able to award four scholarships she explained the history of the to the nominees of last year’s awards. Committee to Aboriginal Way. And then, through that, we’re working “The Gladys Elphick Committee with those women in the programs or arose from a group of very forthright the field that they have chosen. philanthropic women in the 1960s, There is also a scholarship available who formed the South Australian specifically for a woman from the APY Aboriginal Council of Women and, Lands Sgt James A’Hang said. from that council, those group of women led political and significant “The other side to that is we have change for Aboriginal advancement. done a significant deal with Trade “They established many community Maintenance Direct in Port Lincoln, services, and that came from a need who have kindly offered to support us to service the community without and provide funds for a scholarship fear” she said. for a woman in the APY Lands to develop her leadership. The Gladys Elphick Committee was formed in the spirit of that Aboriginal “The committee is entirely volunteer Council of Women and now presents run, but a rewarding experience” the annual awards. Sgt James A’Hang said.

“It recognises the achievements of “We do it part-time, in our spare time, Aboriginal women that have given outside of our families, outside of our of themselves, without malice or normal working commitments. favour, for the sole purpose of lifting up the community and advancing “It is the most beautiful experience them forward. Whether that be to be surrounded by such powerful through civic duty, through culture, women and to give back to community. language, whether that be through I’m very proud of the work that we do” government employment or service. she said. Whatever the vocation may be” Sgt James-A’Hang said. 2018 Gladys Elphick Awards More recently, the awards have been Friday 2 November 2018 supplemented with scholarships to at the Hotel Grand Chancellor help recipients of the awards develop Nominations now open further in their chosen ﬁelds. and tickets available at This page, from top: Jackie Butler, Jim Stanley, Meryl Cains; Danielle James-A’Hang and Shirley Peisley; Heather “We’ve looked at those women and https://www.gladyselphick.com/ Hewitt, Dr Kevin O’Loughlin OAM, Leslie Wrightman and Frank Wanganeen; Kathleen Brownsey, Gladys Elphick scholarship recipient Olivia Brownsey and Kathleen Steel; Denise Agius, Edith Taylor and Vanessa Agius.

Aboriginal Way, Winter 2018 7 10 years of SANTS SA Native Title Services (SANTS) SANTS Chairperson Yandruwandha celebrated ten years of work as Yawarrawarrka man Craig Allen said that an independent organisation in SANTS has played an important role in July 2018. our state over the past decade, helping to make the promise of the Native Title Native title representative body functions Act a reality in our region. in South Australia were initially the “It has been a long and sometimes responsibility of the Native Title Unit of difficult process and has required the Aboriginal Legal Rights Movement. commitment and resilience by Aboriginal In July 2008, after a lengthy process, people and nations in South Australia” SANTS was recognised as the Native said Mr Allen. Title Service Provider for South Australia. “The expert support and focus that has SANTS Chief Executive Officer Keith been given to this task by staff and Thomas says that it has been a decade directors at SANTS has been crucial to marked by work in partnership with the native title environment that we now see” he said. Aboriginal nations which has achieved native title recognition over more than SANTS Director and past Chair April half of the state. Lawrie said that SANTS provides an important focus for the voices of “As well as gaining native title recognition, Aboriginal people in South Australia. we have supported native title bodies “It’s been really the voice that brings in forming and maintaining essential together traditional owners, without governance to manage their country by saying ‘we’re speaking for health, or providing logistical and legal support. we’re speaking for education’. “I am pleased that our efforts have led “We’re actually speaking from the to increased recognition and influence Aboriginal community about land, culture for South Australian Aboriginal people and heritage and about our rights to and nations” Mr Thomas said. access country” she said. Arabana Consent Determination, May 2012.

Timeline of native title in South Australia

1992 Mabo Decision in the High Court 1993 Native Title Act passed 1994 ALRM becomes native title representative body for South Australia, except for APY & Maralinga lands 1994 Native Title Act (NTA) comes into effect. National Native Title Tribunal established 1995 Indigenous Land Corporation (ILC) established 1996 Wik decision finds native title can co-exist with other land interests 1998 Major amendments to the NTA create registration test, Indigenous Land Use Agreement (ILUA), key role of Federal Court Dieri Consent Determination, May 2011. in processing claims 1999 Statewide (ILUA) process commenced 2000 ALRM is native title representative body for all of South Australia The Native Title Unit manages native title business in the ALRM 2005 De Rose Hill first determination – litigated 2006 Yankunytjatjara Antakirina first consent determination July 2008 SA Native Title Services becomes the native title service provider for greater SA 2008 Eringa, Wangkangurru Yarluyandi, Irrwanyere determined 2009 Adnyamathanya determination 2011 Antakirinja Matu-Yankuntjatjara, First Peoples of the River Murray & Mallee Region, Eringa, Gawler Ranges People consent determinations Dieri Consent Determination, February 2014. 2012 Dieri & Arabana people consent determinations 2013 Far West Coast consent determination 2013 De Rose Hill Compensation Claim consent determination 2014 Adnyamathanha, Dieri, Kokotha, Wangkangarru Yarluyandi consent determinations 2015 Adnyamathanha consent determinations 2015 Yandruwandha Yawarrawarrka consent determination 2016 Barngarla consent determination 2017 Dieri, Ngarrindjeri consent determination Tjayuwara Unmuru compensation determination 2018 Kaurna People’s consent determination July 2018 SA Native Title Services 10th Anniversary First Peoples of the River Murray & Mallee Region Consent Determination, November 2011.

8 Aboriginal Way, Winter 2018 Above, left to right, from top left: Wangkangurru Yarluyandi Consent Determation September 2008; Yandruwandha Yawarrawarrka Consent Determination December 2015; Arabana Consent Determination May 2011; De Rose & Erina Consent Determination December 2011; Antakirinja Matu-Yankuntjatjara Consent Determination May 2011. Artwork celebrates native title journey Pitjantjatjara, Yankunytjatjara artist Elizabeth Close has created an artwork titled ‘My Country, My Home’ (‘Ngayalu Ngura’) to commemorate the decade of South Australian Native Title Service’s (SANTS) work in native title. She explains the story of her work:

The key concept this artwork embodies is connection to country; and South Australian Native Title Service’s immense efforts during the past ten years to work closely with traditional owners to recognise and negotiate native title agreements.

All of this comes back to one key thing; Aboriginal connection to our respective countries. Our land is enmeshed within our personhood. For me as an Anangu woman, the red dust that my ancestors walked upon ﬂows through my veins. As I was painting it, this was what I was constantly reﬂecting on.

In order to convey a concept like this, I used the two palettes of warm and cool owners travelling to SANTS. The intent The vast number does not represent achievement over the last ten years; (reds and purples, ochres and browns) here was to represent SANTS’ dedicated exactly the number of mobs that SANTS and represents SANTS commitment to celebrate connection to land; and a and thorough community consultation has guided through the process of native to navigating native title for Aboriginal cooler, more coastal palette (teals, sea and work with traditional owners title agreement; rather it celebrates SANTS people in South Australia into the future. greens, sand and gold colours) and to throughout those processes. convey an understanding of connection The border between land and sea is to the waterways which carry immense a vague representation of the South importance to coastal mob. Australian coast; this is not to place It uses a stylised imagery inspired by value on coast over inland SA, more to Harold Thomas’s Aboriginal flag, to symbolise SANTS commitment to South evoke thoughts of two things; firstly the Australian mob and the value that SANTS sun, under which we are all united, and places on ALL native title holders. secondly our tenacity and steadfast The sections that make up the message that we are here. We are background do not illustrate specific surviving. We are thriving. And native language groups, this is not an attempt title is an imperative part of that survival. to recreate Tindale’s map; it is an The journey lines overlaid represent abstract representation of our diversity SANTS’ travelling to country and of Aboriginal people in SA and an community and conversely, traditional abstract view from above.

Aboriginal Way, Winter 2018 9 2018 National Native Title Conference

The largest ever National Native Title anniversary. The KLC was formed in Conference was held in Broome from 1978 at Noonkanbah, the site of one of 5–7 June this year. the most signiﬁcant land rights disputes in Australia’s history. This year’s theme, ‘Many Laws: One Land’ acknowledged the different systems of KLC Acting CEO Tyronne Garstone Indigenous and non-Indigenous laws that said the Kimberley Land Council was exist and interact across Australia. proud to be bring the National Native Title Conference to Broome in its 40th Australian Institute of Aboriginal and anniversary year. Torres Strait Islander Studies (AIATSIS) CEO Craig Ritchie said the theme was “Our organisation was formed in 1978 selected to mark 25 years since the to stand up for the rights of Aboriginal passing of the Native Title Act 1993. people. Today, 40 years later, Kimberley Aboriginal people still stand together “The Act accepted and conﬁrmed the as one mob, with one voice, and we are fundamental propositions of the Mabo pleased to say that the Kimberley is now (No.2) decision, namely the rejection of 80 per cent native title determined” the myth that Australia was terra nullius Mr Garstone said. and the recognition of native title rights based on the traditions of the Indigenous The Conference was hosted by the people of Australia” said Mr Ritchie. Yawuru people on their traditional lands in Broome. “Heading into its 19th year, this Conference is now the largest Indigenous CEO of Yawuru Corporate Group Peter Yu policy conference in Australia, with said this Conference is a major event and over 850 delegates travelling from all it brings people together for dialogue on parts of Australia as representatives of vital issues affecting native title holders First Nations, as practitioners, judges, all over the country. mediators, government and academics, “As traditional owners, native title is key to discuss pertinent issues in the sector.” to the maintenance of our culture, land The conference also coincided with and community, but it’s also important the Kimberley Land Council’s 40th for Australian development,” Mr Yu said.

This page: Dancers at the 2018 National Native Title Conference in Broome. Opposite page, left to right, from top: Dancers at the 2018 National Native Title Conference in Broome; Cable Beach; Traditional Dancers; Broome Beach; Beachside Conference venue; Tom Jenkin chairs a forum; Broome Beach.

10 Aboriginal Way, Winter 2018 Aboriginal Way, Winter 2018 11 Native title in New South Wales

Native title recognition in New South “very early on in the piece” that “real” Those New South Wales native title there is an advising panel, guidance Wales has been a long struggle and native title recognition would not happen groups who have gained native title and support and the backbone of some fundamental changes are in New South Wales. Much of New recognition and become Prescribed that organisation. needed to move forward, according South Wales is subject to extinguishing Bodies Corporate (PBCs) are now “The cultural knowledge that the Elders to the CEO of that state’s native title land tenures. seeking to establish compliant and hold is crucial to both native title claims service provider. culturally appropriate governance, like “The reasoning behind that was because and continuing Aboriginal nations’ others across the nation, according Natalie Rotumah is Chief Executive that we didn’t have a system of law and cultures” Ms Rotumah says. to Ms Rotumah. Officer of NTS Corp, the Native Title custom (remaining)… and that because “The other thing is that there needs Service provider for New South Wales. we were the first sort of mob in New “From the get-go they took on the model to be an appreciation that whilst some She gave a keynote address at the 2018 South Wales that were settled that, you rules of ORIC for their PBC but we’ve of our matters in New South Wales have National Native Title Conference which know our culture, our language had all certainly seen a lot of rules change that taken 20 years they’re on the books and addressed the challenges for native title been taken” she said. are happening and a lot of that is based particularly in her state. on cultural decision making. whilst they’re around for so long we’re “The New South Wales Aboriginal Land losing our Elders. She says that “while traditional Rights Act (ALRA) is more commonly “So where the PBC may be made up “I think that education is the key, that we owners have been told they would used for recognition of land claims in of you know ten different sort of family need to continue to learn, to teach our never get like native title, as in real that state” Ms Rotumah said. groups within that particular nation of native title in New South Wales, people and where they have different young men and women and rightfully so some progress is being made”. “It’s where Aboriginal people through rights and or responsibilities to particular we all have a place and whether that is their local land councils and the New parts of culture within their nation and from an Elder, to a younger person She called for more consultation from South Wales Aboriginal Land Council where you see them want to be able to to a child, we all have a place. governments and a serious examination can put in land claims for crown lands, and rightfully so based on law be able of funding available for native title claims. “I believe that fundamentally we all if it’s not required for an essential to make those decisions. have a role to play as Aboriginal people “We need a government that actually public purpose.” “We also see our Elders having a very to ensure that our culture is going wants to hear from the mob and not The ALRA does not have some features big role… some of the focus in New to be here for another 65,000 years” apply I guess such rigid policies where offered by native title, according to South Wales has been you know that said Ms Rotumah. in a lot of the instances they aren’t Ms Rotumah. written and where they can’t change goalposts all the time. Funding is also “Native title, it’s about having a a big issue and that’s both state and belonging, you’re part of a group Commonwealth” Ms Rotumah told of nations of people and that what Aboriginal Way after her address. underpins that is your culture, your law, who you are as a person. She believes that funding is proving a serious impediment to the progress “That’s not necessarily reflected in of native title. how the land rights system works in New South Wales. “You know the dollars are never enough to go around which means you can “It’s basically over 18, accepted as only assist so many traditional owners an Aboriginal person reside within the in this space. boundary of the respective land council and you can be a member. “I think a change in government attitude and thinking, a change in the way New South Wales was the state that that they apply funding I think it could saw the first native title determination – certainly see things happen a lot more the Dunghutti People in 1997, however smoothly” Ms Rotumah said. the next positive determination was not until 2007 when the Githabul people While the Native Title Act (NTA) is a gained recognition. Commonwealth Act, native title has progressed differently across the nation “That was a determination which was dependent to local history, land use and hard fought” Ms Rotumah said. politics. New South Wales has seen nine “The New South Wales Government determinations since the introduction of certainly wanted to concede nothing” the NTA, compared to South Australia for example, which has seen 31. “But we had very strong Githabul men and women at the table that you know In New South Wales around 60% of New believed in something in their heart South Wales is still claimable for native and wanted to see it through to fruition title purposes according to Ms Rotumah. and out of that they actually got a She says that after high hopes after determination of their native title in an the introduction of the NTA in 1993, area which gives them certain benefits. Above: Natalie Rotumah in Broome. Below: Natalie Rotumah addresses Conference. the reality of the claims process in New South Wales has often been a struggle.

“I guess early in the day we’ve seen this wave of mob in New South Wales that went and put on these big, what we refer to as blanket claims.

“Originally… they were thinking they were going to get millions and millions of dollars and we learned very quickly that that wasn’t the case, that that wasn’t what the Native Title Act was about.

Ms Rotumah told the audience at the National Native Title Conference that the State Government told native title bodies

12 Aboriginal Way, Winter 2018 Mixing culture and commerce, science and tradition in The Kimberley

Traditional owners of the area around the popular tourist town of Broome in northern Western Australia are drawing on their traditional knowledge and culture to create ongoing economic and environmental opportunities on their country.

Yawuru Country Managers took delegates at the June 2018 National Native Title Conference on a tour of some of the 53,000km2 area held by the Yawuru Prescribed Body Corporate (PBC) and Aboriginal Way was lucky enough to go along. Yawuru Country “We’ve got some language programs where Johani Mamid is Lead Ranger with we’re teaching Yawuru language throughout the Yawuru Country Managers and the schools in Broome, primary schools he explained some of the features and the secondary schools. of Yawuru country to visitors. “We’ve trained up about 12 Yawuru “So we’ve got the spectacled hare- people to learn the Yawuru language wallaby and the bilby which are and then to become teachers to teach threatened species and we’re always others in the community and through working to survey and monitor those our programs” he said. and doing what we can with our fire management and other matters to It is the Land and Sea Department of protect those. Nyamba Buru Yawuru who manage the economic opportunities from Yawuru “Weeds are our main issue, a big issue country. It is a non-profit organisation in Australia everywhere” he said. so any money that is made goes back Cattle are an important feature of the to help service the community. country, generating income but also Roebuck Plains Station creating a threat to the environment. Pius Gregory showing the regeneration of soaks on Yawuru country to Alistair Sherwood. Photos: Nyamba Buru Yawuru Ltd. “We’ve got a cattle station overlaying The Yawuru gained native title recognition the Indigenous protected areas, so we’ve from there we’ll discuss their project ensure that we’re moulding both the two over their country in 2006, with the got a sustainable grazing protocol in and how it’s going to be rolled out” worlds of the western science and the Federal Court determining that the place there. Mr Maid said. Aboriginal traditions because you know Yawuru held exclusive native title over we’ve learned that this is the best way to Roebuck Plains Station. “That helps to protect country you know “Just to make sure that they’re going into work on country but also to ensure that from cattle or cattle damage but also still areas that they’re okay to go into not just In 2014, the Indigenous Land Corporation what’s important to us is protected in maintaining a healthy cattle industry” for their safety but also for the safety of (ILC), which had purchased the land for the right way as well” Mr Mamid said. Mr Mamid said. country. But also we’ll get the Country the traditional owners in 1999, officially Nyamba Buru Yawuru handed title of the land to the Yawuru. Rangers & Country Managers Managers to tag along on those projects to learn about those projects and also Nyamba Buru Yawuru is the commercial “The Yawuru now lease the viable cattle The Yawuru area includes four conservation be a part of it” he said. arm of the Yawuru community, enterprise back to the ILC, who continue estates – Birrangun Buru Conservation established to manage the economic to manage it on a commercial basis. Park, Guniyan Binba Conservation Park, That opportunity to work in partnership opportunities provided by their The arrangement means that Yawuru Minyirr Buru Conservation Park and Yawuru with researchers is one of the ways country. Johani Mamid explains that have access to their country as well as Nagulagun Marine Park, all of which are that Rangers and Country Managers the community development unit is economic benefit” says Mr Mamid. managed by the Yawuru in partnership develop their skills and knowledge about an imporant part of that. with other organisations. their country, including scientific and “Now that we’ve got ownership over the traditional knowledge. “Run several different projects out of property we’re leasing it out to them There is a team of five Yawuru which is great and we also make a small “When the Yawuru Country Managers that unit from housing, social housing Country Managers and several state profit of the sales that they make with the start off they actually have very programs” he said. employed Rangers who work across cattle as well” explained Mr Mamid. Yawuru country. low conservation land management “We built a subdivision where we’re understanding, there’s no base education “You know with our relationship between “They manage those areas through selling house and land packages requirements to start as a Yawuru us and the pastoral company have always joint management between Yawuru, the especially for Yawuru people but open to Country Manager, you just need to be a been very good and they’re happy with state government or Department for anyone. But we’re using those programs Yawuru person. us working on country, they’re happy Biodiversity Conservation and Attractions to tackle our housing issues especially for us to block off, you know fence and the Broome Shire and that’s done for young Yawuru people” he says. “The learnings of the conservation land off significant areas to protect what’s pretty well and we’re happy to be a management is on the job.This group “The Yawuru people see revitalising their important to us. part of that” said Mr Mamid. of Yawuru Country Managers started language as central to future prosperity” “You know there are sometimes issues on Ranges and Managers work on projects off with no ticket but now they’re all on says Mr Mamid. country where you want to lock the gates like photo point monitoring, groundwater their Certificate III, Conservation Land “We’ve got a language department but we have said and they have agreed monitoring and support and access Management and probably rolling into where we’re revitalising and promoting that it’s okay to leave the gates unlocked for any external conservation or the Certificate IV soon. the Yawuru language because through because we want Yawuru people to have environmental organisations want to “On the job you’re spending a lot of time history we’ve lost a lot of culture and access to their country so that they can come into their country for research. with Yawuru elders and other people that language and we’re using our programs practise their traditions wherever that may “There’s a research protocol in place know about the country and traditions to try and bring back what we can and be and whatever that may be whether it’s for people to approach Yawuru and and the idea of that is so that, is to save what we have. hunting or other things”.

Aboriginal Way, Winter 2018 13 Senator and Yawuru leader Patrick Dodson reﬂects on native title

Senator Patrick Dodson, Shadow Assistant Minister for Indigenous Affairs and Senator for Western Australia delivered a keynote speech to the National Native Title Conference in Broome in June.

Senator Dodson is also a Yawuru Elder, the country on which the Conference was held.

His address came as the Government proposed amendments to the National Native Title Act, and the Joint Select Committee on Constitutional Recognition held public hearings on a First Nations Voice and other reform options. Patrick Dodson addresses National Native Title Conference. Senator Dodson discussed the issue of extinguishment and compensation They did not give us the native title, so it “Extinguishment may be a simple that they had withstood the processes of in native title. is not their right to do what they wish to it western legal concept, but it is always colonisation; they withstood the policies from time to time” Senator Dodson said. and everywhere a deeply troubling to try and get rid of us and survived “We cannot deny the fact that First issue for native title holders” he said. the dominance of Government policies Nations peoples in this continent had our Senator Dodson linked the actual power of assimilation and forced social and lands taken from us without negotiation, of the Federal Parliament to the calls for “It is a solemn and weighty burden, to make decisions where you have cultural change. And that we were here, without purchase, without consent; a First Nations Voice. to extinguish native title. Once native prior to the assertion that the colony of and without any treaty, unlike other “However, I recognise that Parliament has title has been extinguished, it is gone Western Australia. Commonwealth nations” he told the the authority to do, more or less, what it forever under the western law. audience in Broome. “The Crown should be on trial for how it wants through the legal process. “It may be policies of Government’s has tried to eradicate and destabilise us. “This dispossession was cloaked in the “At present the Parliament (as in the that need to be better enlightened in insidious myth of terra nullius. Senator Dodson reflected on the positive party with the numbers forming the relation to this.” benefits that have flowed since that Government) can do so without bothering “It was taken without regard for, or justice “The ‘extinguishment as a first resort’ native title case was determined. to, our unique human existence, cultures to even consult or seek the advice of mentality disrupts the process of and the enjoyment of our land, waters First Nations peoples. agreement making. “The legacy of native title, maintained and environments” he said. by our ancestors, fought for by the “Without any legislative or constitutional “It becomes a challenge to align the leaders who came before and now being Recent native title decisions have seen voice, it is an open playing field. The needs and desires of powerful third cultivated by our present young leaders, the compensation owing due to this loss Parliament can legislate which aspects parties, like miners, with the rightful has tangible results. considered in a broad sense, Senator of common law native title rights you can position of First Nations peoples” he said. “Before the Mabo decision, the Dodson said. enjoy. It does not require consent from Senator Dodson called on the Federal Native Title Act and the Federal Court the First Nations peoples” he said. Government to amend the Native Title “The Timber Creek native title determination, our Yawuru people did Act to the benefit of Indigenous people, compensation case has been one “In Australia we have never had the not have a seat at the table where rather than other stakeholders. opportunity for the law to work through protection of any Treaty or Constitutional development decisions were made the issues of going beyond just physical entrenchment that could be called upon “In Australia, our sorry experience has here in Broome. redress in defining compensation. to safeguard the native title rights of been that the Crown has too often acted First Nations peoples” he said. dishonourably in its dealings with First “The Yawuru People’s native title “A separate and distinct element of the Nations peoples. recognition has had real benefits” compensation related to the non-economic Senator Dodson was critical of the Senator Dodson said “In our history of native title in Australia, loss of cultural, spiritual and ceremonial Government’s consultation process the Crown has rarely acted with honour. “Since those epochal changes, attachment to the land which all parties for changes to the Native Title Act. Yawuru people have been able to accepted should be accounted for. “Reforming the Native Title Act can “It was launched by Ministers Scullion engage as partners in planning the address that point and return a and Brandis at the end of November future of our country. Senator Dodson questioned the Federal semblance of honour to the Crown. 2017 and submissions were required Government’s rightful capacity to vary “There have been direct and indirect at the end of January 2018. “Reforming the Native Title Act to give native title rights. benefits that have flowed as a result enhanced recognition to the inherent and “This ridiculously short period was “Native title rights, as we know, are the ongoing rights of First Nations peoples is to our people. highly, in my view, disrespectful of those recognition in Australian common law, of a worthy endeavour for any Government. “It is a significant fact that Yawuru people native title holders living across our lands the customary law and practice of the are now the largest private land holders here in northern Australia. “Should this Government seek to go First Nations people of Australia. down this path, I will certainly lend my in Broome. He said that the changes to the Act under weight to the effort. “Those rights have been subsequently “It is a significant fact we are engaged consideration were not significant. recognised and reframed through Senator Dodson also spoke of the Yawuru with the Council and the Government on Australian legislation and the “Many of the issues raised in the people’s experience of a native title trial. improving the services available to all interpretations of the Courts. Government Options paper went to the citizens of Broome. “I recall sitting through protracted court significant issues of procedure, functioning “It was an act of honour when the High procedures in my own native title case “It is a significant fact that our community and efficiency of the Native Title Act, Court, in the Mabo decision, restored a here in Broome, and witnessing the organisations here in Broome are with potential consequences known and partial sense of equality in the common cross examination of our people, most actively engaged in aged care, in social unknown for native title holders. law by respecting and recognising our unfamiliar with courtroom tactics and housing, in home ownership, in the common law native title rights. “None of it should be taken for granted. proceedings and lawyers. future of this community. We look forward to the report, and the “It follows that native title laws cannot be “While they were constantly challenged You can read Senator Dodson’s full detail of the legislation when it arrives. by lawyers about their credibility: changed, be extinguished, or be limited speech here: https://indigenousx. at the whim of Governments, or as part Senator Dodson expressed his concern “They adhered to their laws and customs com.au/senator-patrick-dodson-no- of any day to day political agenda. over the concept of extinguishment. and their protocols; they established one-can-ever-take-your-land-away/

14 Aboriginal Way, Winter 2018 First Nations Voice PUBLIC NOTICE WIRANGU sent to Committee NATIVE TITLE The Federal Government’s Joint “As such, we support a referendum to AUTHORISATION Select Committee on Constitutional be held and a body formed to give First Recognition relating to Aboriginal Nations a voice in the Australian parliament. MEETING and Torres Strait Islander Peoples Greater engagement and representation in South Australian Native Title Services Ltd (SANTS) invites all Wirangu native title claimants (the has toured the country and heard the Australian democracy by First Nations proposed native title claim group) as described below to attend a meeting to authorise a new from individuals and organisations can only lead to a stronger, fairer and native title determination application as depicted in the map at the time and location below. interested in the future of more inclusive country. Under the traditional laws and customs of the Wirangu People, the Wirangu Native Title constitutional recognition. Claimants are those living Aboriginal people who identify as, and are recognised by other “As an advocacy body to the parliament Wirangu Native Title Claimants as Wirangu, because: The Committee was established after rather than within the parliament, it a. He or she is biologically descended from one or more of the following Wirangu apical ancestors: a First Nations Voice enshrined in the would not disrupt Australia’s democratic i. Lucy (Minjia) Ware balance and provide unequal rights Constitution was recommended by the ii. Tjeira (sister of Lucy Minjia Ware, b. 1872) (partner to Yari Wagon Billy) Referendum Council and then soundly amongst citizens; to the contrary, iii. Sam (Tampillili) Billeley (who married Amy [Pirbilya]), is the child of Tjeltjinya and rejected by the Prime Minister. it would only strengthen Australian Imbanga citizenship and democratic processes” iv. Amy (Pirbilya) The First Nations concept came out of Mr Thomas told the Committee. v. Maude Pompey the Uluru Statement from the Heart, vi. Rosie Coleman which was created following a national vii. Katajuna (the sister of Lucy Inyin) (mother of Frank Dubalgurda, Teddy Gray, Nellie Lousia Gray, Tilly Gray and Susie Gray) regional consultative process involving “The enshrinement of viii. Nellie Louisa Gray Indigenous people across Australia. the First Nations voice ix. Lydia Jebydah x. Yanginya, Yabinja (Tommy), Yangila, and Minjilya (Chris) Referendum Council leaders originally would acknowledge xi. Nancy (Ponajara) rejected the call for the Joint Select the unique place xii. Yarrijuna (Jarrie) Tschuna Committee, calling it a “time wasting xiii. Ronald George Guerkin (Snr.) and Christine Hunter exercise”, established for political reasons. and circumstances xiv. Eva May Pompey of the First Nations xv. Warrior (Johnny) Yaldildi Gibson and Jean (Lucy) Tjuinbila Kelpera Uluru Convention delegate and advocate xvi. Eliza Ellen Thomas Mayor has since called on in Australian history, xvii. Wilubi Australians to express their support for the xviii. Bobby Wandrooka present and future…” xix. Binilya and Kaltnya Voice to Parliament and Uluru Statement. xx. Wirangu mother of Jimmy Richards and Arthur Richards “The Uluru Statement carries the weight Other speakers who addressed the xxi. Wirangu mother of Ada Kathleen Beagle xxii. Annie Wombat of an unprecedented First Nations Committee in Adelaide included process that was more proportionately Dr Roger Thomas, previously Treaty b. He or she has been adopted by the biological descendants of the above people in accordance representative than any other constitutional Commissioner for South Australia, Kyam with Wirangu traditional laws and customs and who are recognised by the claim group. dialogue in the nation’s history” he wrote Maher, Shadow Minister for Aboriginal The meeting will be held on: when the Committee commenced. Affairs and Klynton Wanganeen, newly Date: 24 August 2018 appointed CEO of the Narungga Nation. Venue: Port Lincoln Aboriginal Community Council Inc. (30 Ravendale Road, Port Lincoln SA 5606) “Therefore, it must be respected for The Adnyamathanya and Ngarrindjeri Time: 9:00am–4.00pm This meeting is being held in conjunction with the Wirangu No.2 native title claim update. what it is: the majority will of the First nations were also represented. Nations of Australia on how we want The purpose of the meeting is to: Dr Thomas spoke about his experience in to be recognised” Mr Mayor said. 1. Authorise the filing of a native title claim on behalf of the proposed native title claim group consulting with Aboriginal people across over the land and waters marked in the map below. SA Native Title Services (SANTS) Chief South Australia in the role of Treaty 2. Authorise the applicants to make the proposed applications and deal with all matters arising Executive Officer Keith Thomas spoke Commissioner and said that “I would like to in relation to them under the Native Title Act 1993 (Cth). 3. Make decisions about directing and supervising the applicants in the performance at a public hearing of the Committee call upon that experience and what it can of their duties. in Adelaide on Thursday 5 July 2018. lend itself towards the national agenda”. 4. Authorise the native title rights and interests to be claimed under the proposed applications. He said that as Native Title Service Provider He said that one key message from his for South Australia, SANTS supports consultation was that Aboriginal people the Uluru Statement from the Heart and in South Australia favoured a local based proposal for a First Nations Voice. approach and that education and discussion needed to assist people to understand “It was the culmination of a lengthy, broad the concept and potential of ‘treaty’. and considered engagement process led by, with and for Aboriginal and Torres Mr Wanganeen said that he addressed Strait Islander people. It reflects on the the committee primarily to talk about the history of this country and provides a Buthera agreement which the Narungga

negotiated with the South Australian basis for the recognition, healing and empowerment of Aboriginal and Torres Government as a part of their proposed Strait Islanders. It is a powerful statement treaty arrangements. that must be supported and implemented” “But we will talk more broadly and Mr Thomas said. respond to questions that you may ask “We also support the related Referendum because what we are here for is the

Council recommendation to establish aspirations of our people to be self- managing and self-determining” he said. a First Nations voice through both constitutional and legislative reform. Transcripts of all hearings of the Joint Committee are “The enshrinement of the First Nations available at: https://www.aph. voice would acknowledge the unique gov.au/Parliamentary_Business/ place and circumstances of the First Committees/Joint/Constitutional_ Nations in Australian history, present Recognition_2018 All members of the proposed native title claim group are invited to contact SANTS and future. It would provide recognition, on 1800 010 360 to register their attendance at the authorisation meeting. Some limited representation, participation and a voice An interim report was produced by assistance including accommodation and transport will be available for the meeting and for First Nations without radical change the Committee in July and a ﬁnal report lunch and refreshments will be available during the day. to the Australian Constitution. is due by 29 November 2018. VR4381191

Aboriginal Way, Winter 2018 15 Scholar uses private record to shed light on public policy

One Stolen Generations survivor “You might think well okay, that’s just a has analysed official records about small picture – that’s a singular picture her own family’s history to reveal one individual family – then you multiply that stories of neglect common in that by the native family who were taken government accounts of removals away at the same time and being sent were simply justifications for race- down here to Adelaide. You multiply that based government decisions. by the Tilmouth family, who were taken Arrente woman Dr Jennifer Caruso away at the same time. And you multiply was taken from her family as a young it, you multiply it and you multiply it, over child and has recently graduated with and over again, it becomes a pattern” a PhD at the University of Adelaide, she says. after submitting her thesis Phantasy of While there is pain in reading official a Utopia: The Making of the Methodist records, supported access to those Overseas Half-Caste Mission of Croker records is still important says Dr Caruso. Island. It’s a thesis that turns the usual approach to history on its head, she says. “When you go, you have to be prepared that it’s going to take a long time and “My personal story sits at the top” it is not going to be easy when you see Dr Caruso told Aboriginal Way. your name, or the name of your parents, “What I’ve done is I’ve said the story or the name of your grandparents, is here – the personal history is or the name of your brothers or sisters, here. And then I have intertwined in these documents. the archival documentation around anthropology, sociological thinking and “There were so many times when I was the establishment of the mission into sitting and looking at documents I got my personal story. from the archives in and I would have to stop because I would stand up and I’d What Dr Caruso’s theses reveals is an be swearing, and I would break down. attitude towards “half-caste” children Dr Jennifer Caruso on on Graduation Day. that gained support in Australia after “And I would have to leave the room and circulating in Europe from the 1920s. “She was a welfare officer, but it seems mechanisms were grounded in – and go for a walk. And I suppose pull up that as though when welfare actually said based on – race. veil again, between me and the archives, “The connections of that kind of thinking ‘don’t take these children away’, she then to sort of say I’ve got to protect myself to global thinking from Europe around She says that the records hold evidence found another avenue to take us away, from this and I can’t crumble now. discussions of what to do about Jewish that the welfare justification in removals using the State Children’s Council. people and how that actually was was ‘a false justification to actually “It’s really traumatic. Even when I think transported in ideas and ideology – “She wrote this report around all of the remove us’. about what I’ve got in my documents and in writing and thinking – around reasons. Talking about supposed neglect, now, it is still traumatic to look at them. There was evidence apart from the policy development for half-caste people supposed alcoholism on the part of our report that the removal policies were I have to prepare myself. here in Australia. father, supposed gambling on the part race-based Dr Caruso says. of our mother. Organisations such as Link-Up, the South Those European ideas found their way “The common threads were about how Australian Stolen Generations Aboriginal to Australia through one influential “But in that report, there was one clause we looked – our facial, our physical Corporation and Reconciliation SA can that stated that all of the children are fair academic, Dr Caruso said. structures – the colour of our skin and it provide support in that process. skinned – especially one of my younger was about whether or not it was thought “Which then actually found its way brothers. And as such, she determined As well as emotional support, people that we were assimilation-able. through the persona of A.P. Elkin, who that we would be able to be absorbed looking at their family’s records might was the Professor of Anthropology at the into white society and into a white family” “When you look at the children who were also benefit from help in interpreting University of Sydney, who wrote the 1939 she says. sent to Croker Island, we were – to the those records and to find their own truth, half-caste policy of the Northern Territory. greater extent – fairer of skin. And we Dr Caruso says. For Dr Caruso that report revealed the “His hypothetical thinking around the were what might be determined as truth behind her family’s experience, “Because we are taught to read that the best way and most expedient way to lesser Aboriginal in facial features. and she is clear that it wasn’t about greater value is in the white words. And assimilate half-castes was actually the children’s welfare. What Dr Caruso also discovered in her so, therefore, we tend to push down what underpinned by what we call eugenicist personal record was a story of parents our own knowledge and memory and thinking. And then that was then “When I read that report, the question who were and disempowered but did family history is. And give preference, incorporated into this particular policy” that came in my mind was if this their best to get their children back. unconsciously, to the white words. she said. report was about neglect and about destitution and about all of those other “I’ve got copies of letters written by my “You might look at something and you’ll Dr Caruso’s PhD thesis incorporates the justifications for removal, why did she mother – in very articulate copper-plate say well it’s written on the paper and history of the establishment of the Croker talk about race? writing – which blows apart that thing that it’s in this document – that’s got greater Island Methodist Mission, where she and our parents were illiterate and unschooled “The reason why she talked about race is truth. No. It doesn’t have greater truth. her siblings were taken when she was and lacking intellectual capacities. because it was about race. And that was just three and a half years old. There is a special knowledge and the telling clause in this report. And for “She’s begging not to be evicted. strength in the perspective of a Stolen “My brothers and sisters and I were taken all of us kids that were taken away there And she’s saying to them, please don’t from Alice Springs in 1957. It seems – and anywhere across the country – evict us. Because we want to get our Generations survivor, Dr Caruso believes. to be a time where there was a bit of it was about race. children back and bring them here. “I’ve looked at documents that other a swoop for gathering up of what were Everything else, all of the justifications “She had no idea that we were historians have looked at and they have deemed to be half-caste children, right that they had there, were simply there gone forever. not seen this same thing that I have. And through central Australia” she said. to cover their tracks in a lot of ways. that’s because when we, as Aboriginal “Dad had no idea that we were Dr Caruso’s personal record revealed Because they were buying into, and people, we, as stolen generations people gone forever. that one particular welfare worker had they were carrying out, the practices of – we go, and we look at it, we look at it a strong influence on the children from assimilation. They were involved in the The story of her family was not an with a different set of eyes and a different her family being removed. mechanisms of removing us and those isolated one, Dr Caruso explains. set of questions to be answered.

16 Aboriginal Way, Winter 2018 Kids on Kaurna Country

Students from primary schools and what do they eat? Bugs! Little bugs around Adelaide braved a wintery that live in the water.” day recently to learn about Kaurna It being a hands-on event, the kids then culture and caring for country at an enjoyed carefully inspecting the mini interactive educational event in the creatures in shallow tubs of water. Parklands recently. Next door, students from heard a yidaki Hosted by the City of Adelaide, the Kids (didgeridoo) performance and some lucky on Country Kaurna Activity Day focuses kids had a go themselves. on Kaurna culture and encourages Aboriginal kids to walk on their country The strange noises that were created of and learn about and share their culture course had others in stiches. with non-Aboriginal students. Kids crowded around the Animals The event took place a few weeks after Anonymous stall at to see and touch a legal recognition of the Kaurna people as group of friendly native animals like frogs, native title holders over the Adelaide area. pythons, dragons, goannas, skinks, “We see it as an important education geckos, frogmouths, parrots, squirrel and reconciliation event” said City of gliders, long-nosed potoroos, rufous Adelaide’s Marty Reeve. bettongs, tiger quolls, southern brown bandicoots, western pygmy possums, “It’s so positive now that the Kaurna people fat-tailed dunnarts and quokkas. have been formally recognised, there’s that status and pride there” he said. At a stall hosted by the Environmental Protection Authority (EPA), a staff “These kids now, it’s even more relevant member demonstrated making a rain that they become familiar early on with garden, “a special design of garden that the culture and country of the Traditional cleans up dirty water that washes off the Owners for their area” he said. road before it gets into the local creek The Kids on Country event featured a and then the sea”. series of stations with different activities, She explained how the layering of plants from environmental education to arts and different grades of soil and gravel and music, wodli (hut) building, traditional create an effective ﬁlter for the water that storytelling and live animals. runs through urban environments. At one stall, NRM Education introduced Kids got creative on the Kids on Country students to “aquatic macroinvertebrates” activity day through weaving with the – little water bugs and their crucial role in Southern Weavers and Aboriginal Family the local environment. Support Services got out the paints and “What do you see a lot of around here” encouraged kids to paint on rocks in Sam from NRM asked. “Birds, that’s right, traditional styles.

Kids on Kaurna Country – photos by Catherine Leo Photography.

Aboriginal Way, Winter 2018 17 Gumeracha Community Winter Solstice Night

Permangk elder Ivan Copley welcomed the Gumeracha community to country at the recent Gumeracha Community Winter Solstice Soup & Fire Night.

Uncle Ivan, his son Vic Copley and granddaughter Isabella Copley performed a smoking ceremony. It was the ﬁrst time Isabella had participated in a Ceremony.

After the event Isabella showed Federal MP Rebekha Sharkie how to use music sticks.

Gumeracha Main Street Project Project Leader Chelsea Lewis helped host the event and reported on it on Facebook.

“This was the first time his granddaughter participated in a Ceremony. Ivan’s totem is a yellow tailed black cockatoo. During the ceremony, one flew over. It was out of season. It was amazing!” she wrote. Caring for ancestors in remote gravesites One South Australian family recently Her grave at Box Well on the remote took a journey to the gravesite of a northern Flinders Ranges pastoral station beloved Elder in the remote northern of Moolawatana was at risk of being Flinders Ranges to protect the final damaged by cattle and wildlife trying to resting place of their family member access the water that collects on the and to pay respects. concrete covering her grave, or scratching themselves on the existing fence. As a part of their regular activities to While recovering from surgery in maintain their connection to country, Adelaide, Kelvin mentioned to his nephew culture, community and family, one Jason that he wanted to do something South Australian family recently took about the situation. Together they began a journey to a remote gravesite in the planning a trip back to the grave to install northern Flinders Ranges to protect the a stronger and wider fence to provide final resting place of a beloved Elder the site with extra protection. and family member and to pay respects. Jason realised that his mother – Christine The journey and maintenance work at the Clark wouldn’t let any work be undertaken grave site of Aunty Edith Clark on pastoral without her being present and that station Moolawatana was at the request of he would need the help of his brother Nepabunna man Kelvin Johnson. Stephen to do the work with him.

Having lived all of their lives in the In October last year, in anticipation of Adnyamathanha community of Nipapanha the date for the visit being set, Kelvin (Nepabunna), Kelvin Johnson and his began gathering materials and making wife Judy (nee Coulthard) hold many arrangements with the staff of Balcanoona memories of life in the remote region Rangers Station to build a new fence frame. of the Flinders Ranges. On Saturday, 5 May 2018, Kelvin’s wishes Their memories include spending to protect the resting place of his Artaapi hours learning about their culture and came to fruition. language from their Elders who have now Christine and her sons Stephen, Jason passed on. Spending this time with the and Darrien made the 650km trip back to ‘old people’ has given Kelvin and Judy country, staying overnight in Nipapanha. a wealth of knowledge of the Flinders The next day they headed out with Kelvin Ranges, Vulkathunha – Gammon Ranges, and Judy and drove the remaining 130km the Yura muda (dreaming stories/law) to the grave site. and Ngawarla (language). Under the watchful eye of Christine Learning about the landscape and the and Judy, Kelvin and his nephews finally dreaming stories that were attached to installed the new fence and decorative specific sites meant that Kelvin and Judy gravel to help protect the grave and demonstrate that Mrs Clark was still developed a strong connection to the remembered and being visited and land and the old people who taught cared for by her descendants. them the stories. “The new fence will help to stop the “It’s because they taught us so much damage that the animals are doing” said and were a big part of our growing up Christine, “I’m really pleased the fence that we look after their resting places is finished so it can help maintain the today” said Kelvin. memory of my grandmother”.

One of those old people was Kelvin’s The Johnson and Clark families will Artaapi (Aunty) Edith Clark (nee Johnson), continue to visit the resting place of who married Jack Clark and had four their Grandmother, Great-Grandmother children, Jean, Bert, Raymond and and Aunty, to maintain the site and pay Above, from top: New fence installed at remote gravesite; Celebrating job well done, (from left) Kelvin Johnson, Stephen Bromley, Christine Clark, Judy Johnson and Jason Bromley; Christine Clark and Howard (all deceased). their respects to her. Judy Johnson overseeing the work.

18 Aboriginal Way, Winter 2018 A Children’s Kaurna Tour of the City of Adelaide A lucky and excited group of pre- Uncle Frank talked about Tarntanyangga’s schoolers recently joined Kaurna significance as a Kaurna meeting place, Elder Frank Wanganeen and early drew attention to its wokali shape and childhood teacher Liesl von der the history of the flag and then showed Borch for the inaugural Children’s the children the pavement art works on Kaurna Tour of the City of Adelaide. Reconciliation Plaza which display Kaurna The tour in June included three significant words and images. Kaurna sites in the centre of the city The second stop was Pirltawardli and was specifically designed to suit (possum house, North Adelaide), where children’s interests and ways of learning. the children learnt about the first “I am continually seeking ways to European school for Kaurna children, integrate Aboriginal knowledge and the importance of language (and loss of culture into children’s learning and felt language), then played some traditional this would be a powerful way to increase Aboriginal children’s games, built wardlis children’s understanding of ‘being on and learn some new Kaurna words. Kaurna land’ ” said Ms von der Borch. Uncle Frank was particularly impressed “I first met Uncle Frank Wanganeen by the children’s desire to share a few about a year and a half ago when I joined Kaurna words they knew and even sang one of his tours. At the end of the tour him a Kaurna song they had learnt. I introduced myself and proposed the idea of working on a children’s tour The third and final stop was Pinky Flat together” she said. on Karrawirra Parri where Uncle Frank invited the children to imagine Wardliparri In designing the tour, consolidating the wide range of inner city Kaurna (river house) above and the river mirroring cultural sites was a challenge and the same below. maintaining the interest of young He then spoke about the way the river children was paramount. environment used to be; the cypresses “For these reasons, the tour was limited and women weaving and making damper, to three key locations, with each site the men catching ducks, fish and yabbies providing hands on learning experiences and he talked about pingko, the bilby. and also links with learning done at The children then played a game kindergarten before the excursion” symbolising habitat destruction and said Ms von der Borch. species decline giving significance to Uncle Frank said that he was excited learning they had been doing about to have the opportunity to create an ‘caring for country’. experience specifically for children. If you are interested in your “It’s a way to educate our future leaders, kindy or ELC doing a Children’s and that’s so important” he said. Kaurna Tour of the City of Adelaide, The tour in June began in Tarntanyangga contact Liesl von der Borch Kaurna Yerta (Victoria Square), where [email protected]

Aboriginal Way, Winter 2018 19 Sorry Day 2018 On Friday 25 May, South Australians who acknowledge the journey to healing have gathered at Victoria Square of the Stolen Generations. (Tarntanganga) for Sorry Day, which MC for the event was John Browne JP, commemorates the release of the Chair of the Journey of Healing Association. historic Bringing Them Home Report Stolen Generations speaker for the event on 26 May 1997. was Dr Jenni Caruso. The Kalaya Children’s The report acknowledged the stories Choir performed, as did musicians and trauma of the Stolen Generations. Ellie Lovegrove and Susan Brame.

The event featured speeches by Stalls provided information and representatives from the Adelaide City entertainment, including weaving, Council and South Australian government, face painting and art work.

This page, left to right, from top: John Browne, Chair of the Journey of Healing Association (SA), Lord Mayor Martin Haese, Dr Jennifer Caruso and Kaurna Elder Lynette Crocker; Human Services – artwork designed by Allan Sumner being completed by children at the event; Ellie Lovegrove; Kalaya Children’s Choir; Susan Brame; Ellen Trevorrow with Hank Trevorrow; Mervyn Hunter and daughter; Craft activities at Sorry Day; Bernadette Lawson, Michelle Hauber and Alyssa Bishop-Thorpe from SANTS; Kurlana Tampawardli (Uniting Communities) team – Tani Ngateina, Jacob Keeler, Vicki Rigney, Vanessa Alexander and Bruce Meurelant.

20 Aboriginal Way, Winter 2018 Cofﬁn Bay residents connect with Nauo people

A meeting at the Coffin Bay Yacht and Jody Miller, along with other and the bush tucker and the Ceremony, government and police documents, Club during Reconciliation Week members of their family and community. the dance you got to dance before you missionary reports such as those by saw around one hundred Coffin Bay They answered a range of questions come onto country” he said. Clamor Schürmann who worked as a residents meet with and learn about from the audience including about Nauo missionary in the 1840s at Port Lincoln Anthropologists Dr Belinda Liebelt and the original inhabitants of the area. connection with country, traditional and research by early anthropologists Dr Scott Cane also shared some of their cultural practices, language and the like Ronald Berndt and Norman Tindale. The Nauo history meeting was initiated knowledge about Aboriginal people’s influence of Aboriginal words on by Coffin Bay Brian Witty, Karmen culture and religion across Australia and “Knowing about Aboriginal history names of places around the area. Podoresky and friends, after the the links to Nauo people. actually for me, it makes me feel like message “does anyone know anything Mr Weetra spoke about why the area is I know more about Australia as a whole” “Laws and customs are embedded about Aboriginal people in Coffin Bay?” special to Nauo people. Dr Liebelt said. in what people generally refer to appeared on the Coffin Bay Community “Coffin Bay is special to us because of as the Dreaming or ‘song lines’ ” Member for Flinders Mr Peter Treloar Notice Board. the stories and the Dreaming and all our Dr Cane explained. attended the meeting and later “The silence was deafening” says Mr Witty. sacred sites” he said. reported on what had happened to “If I ask an Aboriginal person what their State Parliament. The meeting was attended by Nauo “It’s special for us to bring our kids here song is, then I will know where they Elders Brenton Weetra, Pauline Branson too and share the culture and the Law speak for, who they speak for and He pointed out that “Don’t keep history where their spirits will go when they die. a mystery: Learn. Share. Grow” was the That is their law embedded in country. theme this National Reconciliation Week.

“These song lines extend across the That is history that is “hidden just whole of Australia. Rituals link people to beneath the surface, ready and waiting that and the Nauo people are a part of to be uncovered” he said. that” he told the meeting. “Across Eyre Peninsula we are familiar The Nauo people are in the ﬁnal stages with many people, including the Wirangu, of their native title claims over the Lower- who occupy the Far West Coast; the Eyre Peninsula, including the area around Kokatha, who occupied the Gawler Cofﬁn Bay. Dr Scott Cane spoke about Ranges; the Barngarla people, who the concept of native title from a inhabited EP proper… very little is known non-legal perspective at the meeting. about the Nauo people” Mr Treloar told Parliament. “What it says is that if Aboriginal people continue to practice the laws that they Nauo spokesperson Jody Miller said practised before white people came, that the meeting was positive and an then the Australian law should recognise eye opener for many people. this Aboriginal law”. “It’s a very welcome development” “It’s important to understand that Mr Miller said. freehold title extinguishes native title, “We think it can only be positive that we it’s not about claiming land rights as have more connection in the community. such, it’s about recognising people’s More understanding. There might also be rights to practice their culture and other ideas, like signage that recognises tradition” he said. Nauo culture and other opportunities for tourism in the area” he said. Dr Liebelt and Dr Cane have been preparing a report on Nauo history and Mr Witty said that he hoped the meeting culture for the Federal Court to consider was just the start of a longer process the Nauo People’s claim for native title. and stronger relationship.

Dr Liebelt told the meeting that Nauo “We hope that this is the beginning of history was recorded by speaking to an era of deeper knowledge, harmony Nauo people and local residents and and respect acknowledging Nauo by examining the accounts of early history and culture. explorers and pioneers, such as those of “We hope that in the not too distant Matthew Flinders and Edward John Eyre. future Cofﬁn Bay residents and visitors Other sources were Nauo history was alike will gain an appreciation of our Above, from top: Jody Miller addresses crowd at Cofﬁn Bay Yacht Club; Dr Belinda Liebelt and Jody Miller. recorded included archival newspapers, shared history and legacy” Mr Witty said.

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Aboriginal Way, Winter 2018 21 Our column in review features reviews and stories on Aboriginal writers, artists and musicians. We welcome your feedback and suggestions. So if you know of a new work about to published or an artist or musician please contact us on (08) 8110 2800. Grief, healing and families explored in Brothers Wreck How can a family and community “I found that incredibly destructive best deal with the devastating personally, and we know that in impact of suicide? It’s a question that communities there is a contagion that there playwright Jada Alberts confronts can be fear that there is a risk that suicide head on in her ﬁrst play Brothers can set off and trigger other suicide. And Wreck, which is currently on show for me, I felt, I felt very much that I wasn’t at the Odeon Theatre in Adelaide. able to speak about it” she said.

She believes that open communication is That lack of communication was essential and the way to find hope in the particularly difficult given the higher face of grief. rates of suicide within the Indigenous community said Ms Alberts. “When I first experienced the death of my friend through suicide, when I was 15, I was “I have personally experienced losing in a community that didn’t allow me to talk people, and most of my family, both about it and were terrified to even say the immediate and extended, have lost word suicide” she told Aboriginal Way. people to suicide.

“I was around adults who would not “I wrote this to remind myself and to engage with me in a healthy conversation remind my family and my community that about this trauma that we had all there is so much love and we can take experienced” Ms Alberts said. care of each other, we need to trust each

in review in other with being honest with each other and honest with ourselves. And there’s healing in that” she said.

The bottling up of emotions and dealing with responses to pain is at the core of the story and characters within Brothers Wreck, Ms Alberts says.

“The play really is about trauma and how we carry it and how this young man carries it” she said.

“The main character in the play, Ruben, he carries it by shutting off from people and pretending that he’s strong.

“He uses his masculinity in a way that is Writer and Director of Brothers Wreck, Jada Aberts. destructive, and he uses alcohol in a way that’s destructive. His family, who love “I wrote this to remind myself and to other with being honest with each other him dearly and have also experienced remind my family and my community that and honest with ourselves. And there’s trauma in different ways, rally around there is so much love and we can take healing in that” explained Jada Alberts. him, and his community as well” she said. care of each other, we need to trust each The current production of Brothers Wreck is a co-production between Malthouse Theatre in Melbourne and State Theatre of South Australia, after it was ﬁrst produced in 2014 by Belvoir Street Theatre in Sydney.

As well as being the writer of Brothers Wreck, Ms Alberts has directed this production of the play. She says it’s been a positive experience made easier by the ﬁrst production in Sydney.

“I’ve enjoyed it. I’ve had the luxury in that I knew the play and that the back of the play was broken the ﬁrst time it was done”.

“Given that this one had been produced before, it meant that a lot of the kinks in the play were ironed out” she said.

Being the playwright also had its advantages when she came to directing Ms Alberts explained.

“There’s a little bit less work that I had to do because I really understood the Dion Williams in Brothers Wreck. people in the play and the characters.

22 Aboriginal Way, Winter 2018 SANTS: Working to achieve sustainable Aboriginal nations

SA Native Title Services (SANTS) is the Native Title Service Provider (NTSP) for South Australian under the Native Title Act 1993 (Cth). As NTSP, SANTS provides legal SOUTH AUSTRALIAN representation and guidance, anthro- NATIVE TITLE SERVICES pological research and community liaison to support traditional owners with native title applications, negotiations and determinations. Level 4 345 King William Street SANTS also provides a wide range of ADELAIDE SA 5000 services to South Australia’s Aboriginal Nations who hold or may hold native title and works with Aboriginal Nations to realise their aspirations, which are often Keith Thomas and Karina Lester. Editor broader than the recognition of native title. and managing native title benefits, Keith Thomas There are currently fifteen Prescribed accessing business development Bodies Corporate (PBCs) established in services, providing business services South Australia to manage determined such as finance, human resources and Communications Officer native title areas. SANTS works with secretarial support, delivering community Lucy Kingston Leonie Whyman (top) and Trevor Jamieson (bottom) development projects including for in Brothers Wreck. many of these groups to support them in their native title outcomes, comply with cultural heritage and country and Because they came from my family and legislative responsibilities and develop engaging in policy and legislative reform and implementation. Designer they came from my brain. And so all of and grow to achieve their goals. Alison Fort that knowledge was already there, which SANTS always welcomes Aboriginal SANTS activity in supporting PBCs was handy” she laughed. Nations and native title groups who includes; developing and strengthening would like to work more with us. Her knowledge of what works in the governance practices, facilitating Advertising Enquiries theatre has also expanded since she community-based planning to develop We receive funding from the Commonwealth (08) 8110 2800 wrote this debut play she explained. strategies, implementing agreements and South Australian Governments.

“I think I saw what the theatre was capable of in the three, four years since Circulation I’d written it. First Nations of South 10,000 “This was my first play, and so it’s quite filmic on the page. And what we, what we did this time is, given that I have a Australia find their feet If you have any stories bit more experience in the theatre and Native title representatives from forum for Aboriginal nations to share of interest to our readers, wanted to explore different things, we across the State met over two days information, skills and experiences and please address any really shifted it into an abstract space at Port Augusta in June to progress would encourage Aboriginal nations to correspondence to: rather than a, something more domestic the establishment of a new statewide manage lands and waters in accordance and natural” she said. body for native title groups. with traditional law and customs. [email protected] The Adelaide production includes an all There was strong support for Key elements of the new body discussed Indigenous cast including Nelson Baker, the creation of a new body and in Port Augusta included the proposed Lisa Flanagan, Trevor Jamieson, Dion representatives requested proposals membership structure and the draft Aboriginal Way Williams and Leonie Whyman. be taken back to native title boards and rule book. South Australian committees for further consideration. Despite the difficult topic, Ms Alberts Under the proposed structure, South Native Title Services The body, provisionally called First Nations Australian Aboriginal nation corporations says that there are rewards for those who Level 4 of South Australia (Aboriginal Corporation), (including PBCs) and native title claimant engage with the concepts in the play. would provide a united voice to ensure groups, possibly along with statutory land 345 King William Street “I think it’s a natural response to want to that Aboriginal nations are part of the holding bodies would be eligible to be ADELAIDE SA 5000 not engage with difficult things. Sometimes conversation in issues of relevance to corporate body members of the new body. Aboriginal people in the state. Ph: 8110 2800 we try to self-preserve in that way. Each member organisation would Fax: 8110 2811 “But if we don’t talk about these things Those issues may for example include nominate a representative to act on their policy and legislation regarding behalf and a Board of Directors of 6–12 FREECALL: 1800 010 360 and if we don’t look at them, then management of country, native title people would be elected by a meeting of that’s when we start to lose the battle and cultural heritage and any relevant member organisations. against these horrible things that we reforms to government agencies and The Board would have two co-chairs, all experience” she said. land ownership arrangements. The Editor has the final one male and one female. decision on all stories and “Ultimately I do want everybody know The corporation would have the wellbeing A draft rule book and summary paper will that it’s a hopeful story. It’s a story about of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander advertising that appear in be circulated to native title bodies and it how, if we lean on each other, that we people at its core and aim to provide this publication. is hoped that a further meeting later in can, that we can carry this together, leadership and act as a resource for the year will see the final form of the new that no one has to do it by themselves. Aboriginal nations. It would promote organisation established and an inaugural culturally appropriate engagement among Because we all experience it in different Board elected. ways” Ms Alberts said. Aboriginal nations and work to advance the collective interests of Aboriginal Further information is available If you’d like to speak to someone nations. The body would provide the from Corporate and Community about the issues raised in this story, opportunity to engage with government Development team members at you can call Lifeline on 13 11 14 more broadly on Aboriginal affairs policies SANTS, Tom Jenkin or Bernadette www.nativetitlesa.org 24 hours a day. and programs. It would also provide a Lawson on 8110 2800

Aboriginal Way, Winter 2018 23 Native Title Areas in South Australia

Irrwanyere Mt Dare Native Title Northern Territory Determination

Tjayuwara Unmuru Tjayiwara

Compensation Application Unmuru Native Wangkangurru/Yarluyandi d n a l s n e e u Q Title Claim Eringa Part A Proceeding Part A Eringa Proceeding De Rose Hill Yandruwandha/Yawarrawarrka Native Title Claim Eringa De Rose Hill No. 2 and The Wangkangurru/Yarluyandi Compensation Wangkangurru/ Native Title Claim Application Yarluyandi

!( MINTABIE Yankunytjatjara/Antakirinja SC2013/001 Arabana No 2 SC2013/003 Walka Wani Oodnadatta

Dieri No. 3 Dieri

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Adnyamathanha Dieri No.2 No 1 - Stage 3 Native Title Claim Antakirinja Matu-Yankunytjatjara SC2013/001 Arabana No 2 s e l a W h t u o S w e N

Adnyamathanha People No. 1 (Angepena SC2015/002 Pastoral Lease) Malyankapa Peoples

ROXBY DOWNS Adnyamathanha !( LEIGH CREEK !( No. 1 Western Australia

Kokatha People Adnyamathanha People (Part A) No. 1 (Stage 1) WOOMERA !( Adnyamathanha Far West Coast People No. 2

Adnyamathanha No 1 - Stage 2 SC2015/003 Adnyamathanha People Wilyakali #2 Gawler Ranges People Native Title Claim No. 3

!( SC1999/001 CEDUNA Adnyamathanha No. 1 SC2010/002 SC2016/001 !( QUORN Ngadjuri Nation Far West Coast PORT AUGUSTA !( Native Title Claim Sea Claim SC2012/001 SC2016/002 Wilyakali Kokatha No. 3 SC1996/005 STREAKY BAY !( Nukunu Native

Title Claim PETERBOROUGH !( WHYALLA SC1997/006 !(

Wirangu No. 2 JAMESTOWN SC2018/001 !( !( Native Title Claim POR T P IR I E Nauo #3 SC1996/004 SC2011/002 Barngarla Native Title Claim Ngadjuri Nation #2 0 100 200 Barngarla Native Title Claim SC1997/008 CLARE Nauo Native !( Title Claim First Peoples of the River Murray Kilometres SC2013/002 & Mallee Region Narungga

Nation !( Geocentric Datum of Australia 1994 BERRI

Prepared by: SN2016/001

!( Minister for Environment, Geospatial Services, National Native Title Tribunal PORT LINCOLN Sustainability and ADELAIDE 26/04/2018 Kaurna Peoples ! Conservation (Rockleigh) Native Title Claim (

!( MURRAY BRIDGE a i r o t c i V SC2016/003 Nauo No. 2 Native Title Claim Ngarrindjeri and Other Native Title Claim SC2017/001 First Nations of the South East #2

SN2017/001 Minister for Environment, Sustainability and Conservation for and on behalf of the Crown !( in right of the State of South Australia BORDERTOWN (Mount Magnificent Conservation Park) SC1998/004 Ngarrindjeri and Others Native Title Claim

!( KINGSTON S.E. South Australia SC2017/002 First Nations of the Native Title Applications and Determination Areas South East #1 As per the Federal Court (31 March 2018) MOUNT !( GAMBIER

Get Aboriginal Way Individuals or organisations can request free copies of this ISSUE 71 publication. Complete the form below and mail to 4/345 King William Street, Adelaide 5000 or email details to [email protected] Name: ______Address: ______Postcode: ______Phone: ______Email: ______Aboriginal Way No. of copies: ______radio program …airs each week on Wednesday at 3.30pm on 101.5FM in Adelaide. If you have an interesting story or event that you would like to share on radio, please contact Lucy Kingston on (08) 8110 2800 www.nativetitlesa.org or email [email protected] Listen online at http://radioadelaide.org.au/program/aboriginal-way/

24 Aboriginal Way, Winter 2018