DOCSLIB.ORG

FALL 2017 Slavery in Barbados and Virginia a Cross-Cultural Exchange

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
FALL 2017 Slavery in Barbados and Virginia a Cross-Cultural Exchange WashingtonPapers FALL 2017 Slavery in Barbados and Virginia A Cross-Cultural Exchange Lynn Price, ASSISTANT EDITOR George Washington became a slaveholder at age 11 when he inherited relied on imports such as livestock, foodstuffs, and lumber, many 10 slaves upon the death of his father, Augustine Washington, of which were supplied by Virginia traders. In return, Virginians and he continued to own slaves throughout his life. However, his imported slaves from the island. The economic connection between views regarding the peculiar institution evolved over time, and in the colonies later prompted thousands of Barbadians to migrate to his will, he promised to free his slaves upon Martha’s death. Virginia, where land could be obtained more readily. The emigrants comprised substantial numbers of As a 19-year-old, George traveled to slaveholders and slaves, who brought Barbados with his half brother Lawrence. their ideas and customs with them.1 Although his surviving diary of the experience does not explicitly discuss The sugar revolution in Barbados slavery on the island, his encounters demanded a steady workforce, leading with slavery there likely brought to the island to become the first English- view a higher level of brutality than American colony to replace indentured he had witnessed in Virginia. servants with African slaves. It gained a reputation as a harsh environment By the time of George Washington’s for the enslaved.2 For plantation owners, birth, Virginia had been settled by on the other hand, Barbados became Britain for 125 years. Soon after its a highly profitable venture, earning the colonization, Virginia began growing Washington at Mount Vernon, status of Britain’s most valuable colony. and exporting tobacco to England as lithograph by Nathanial Currier (1852). Courtesy of Mount Vernon Ladies’ Association. Even as the much larger island of part of a plantation-based economy. Jamaica surpassed Barbados in sugar Barbados, meanwhile, had been production in 1720, the industry continued to thrive, as did the colonized by Britain in 1625 and quickly became a vital trading institution of slavery.3 Virginia—with a climate that precluded partner of Virginia. While the island’s tropical climate was favorable sugar production—remained a tobacco colony and, like Barbados, to the tobacco and cotton industries, the low market value of such transitioned from indentured servants to slaves. exports led planters to switch to higher value sugar production in the 1640s. With the assistance of Dutch entrepreneurs, Barbados Barbados influenced slavery in Virginia. In 1661, the island soon built a prosperous sugar industry. government passed an “Act for the Better Ordering and Governing of Negroes,” making Barbados the first English colony to extensively With sugar as the predominant crop, land in Barbados became scarce for other endeavors.To fulfill additional needs, residents Continued on page 10. Always Moving Forward The Woman in the Shadows An Interview with a Martha Washington Interpreter Katie Blizzard, COMMUNICATIONS SPECIALIST Katharine McEnery Pittman, COLONIAL WIILLIAMSBURG INTERPRETER With the anticipated end dates for The Papers of George Washington, edition of her papers. As of now, transcription is complete, and Following the death of George Washington, Martha burned her Katharine McEnery Pittman dressed as Martha Washington. the Martha Washington Papers, and the Family Papers projects editors are deep into annotation. correspondence with him, effectively casting herself into the shadow Courtesy of Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. on the horizon, we are planning for the future. The Center for of her famous husband. Katharine McEnery Pittman, a first-person We continue to engage with the public by sharing our historical Digital Editing, led by senior editor Jennifer Stertzer, continues to historical interpreter of Martha Washington at Colonial Williamsburg, insights. Some of these efforts have garnered widespread recognition. bring projects together, ensuring that the talent and expertise is helping to shed light once again on Martha. Communications For example, a link from The Oatmeal website to a Washington cultivated at The Washington Papers and beyond are not lost. specialist Katie Blizzard recently spoke with Pittman. Papers blog post resulted in more than 60,000 online hits for us You have to find a way to answer this in character but give all due Already, collaborations have been organized with more than 20 in two days. And a blog post about the Hartford Conference— . respect to the person you’re talking about. It’s a very fine line. different organizations (see page 12). a November 1780 event overshadowed by Benedict Arnold’s Katie Blizzard: What do you wish more people knew about KB: Has Martha rubbed off on you? Meanwhile, work on The Papers of George Washington carries on. treachery—received praise from National Archivist David Ferriero. Martha Washington? KMP: Definitely. When you interpret a character, you have to Volume 25 of the Revolutionary War Series will be published in These efforts would not be possible without the generosity of Katharine McEnery Pittman: I wish people knew more about her find some similarities with them in order to find their humanity. the fall. A single-volume edition of the diary Washington kept on our donors and funding institutions. We invite you to read the involvement behind the scenes. She was so effective in her constant I’ve found that Martha is a fiercely loyal and protective person, his journey to Barbados, his only travel beyond the shores of the complete donors list on page 9. We are deeply grateful for support and assistance to Washington: going to every single winter at least in my interpretation of her. That’s something I am as North American continent, is anticipated in the spring of 2018. camp, going to the presidency, establishing what that role of the the support of the National Endowment for the Humanities, well. Especially now having my son, I understand on a new level Two other volumes are currently under editorial review: First Lady is. And yet, she was never asked if she wanted any of it. the National Historical Publications and Records Commission, Martha’s motherly instincts. Presidential Series volume 20 (the penultimate volume in that series) Many people talk about Washington’s duty to his country, but the Packard Humanities Institute, the Mount Vernon Ladies’ KB: Any final comments? and Revolutionary War Series volume 26. Work is under way on Martha’s duty to her country was just as fierce as his. Association, the Florence Gould Foundation, and the University KMP: I encourage people to come and talk to us [historical volumes 27 through 29 of the latter series. KB of Virginia. Thank you! : Are there any liberties you have to take in order to make interpreters]. Oftentimes, especially when interpreting in first- . The Martha Washington Papers project also is progressing Martha accessible today? person, I think people can’t quite wrap their heads around steadily. The team, which is preparing as comprehensive a Above KMP: I’ve noticed a lot of questions about slavery and Martha’s what we’re doing. But if people really would immerse themselves volume as possible, has found more than 80 letters to and from Cameo portrait of Martha Washington, perspective on it, especially recently. One of the trickiest things for into what we’re saying, it can give such a different perspective created with ivory, gold, and mother-of-pearl (c. 1830–1870). me is that Martha was a typical eighteenth-century woman. But to Martha that were missing from the only other documentary on this time, that a history book could not even begin to scratch Courtesy of The Metropolitan Museum of Art. answer [in that way] would come off sounding harsh and racist. the surface on. THE WASHINGTON PAPERS IN THE NEWS ■ Managing editor William M. Ferraro reviewed ■ A May 2017 comic strip from website The come to include teeth from his slaves CONTACT NEWSLETTER CREDITS Mount Vernon Ladies’ Association, Fatal Sunday: George Washington, the Monmouth Oatmeal cited research specialist Kathryn challenges a core belief in his character. Pocumtuck Valley Memorial Association, Campaign, and the Politics of Battle, by Mark Gehred’s blog post “Did George Washington’s ■ MAILING ADDRESS EDITORS In a Feb. 22, 2017, article about George Princeton University Art Museum, Union Edward Lender and Gary Wheeler Stone, for false teeth come from his slaves?” The Oat- University of Virginia Katie Blizzard, Kim Curtis, Thomas E. Dulan, Washington’s medical history, The Washington Township Historical Society The Journal of American History. meal used Gehred’s scholarship to help Post extensively quoted from a report about P.O. Box 400117 William M. Ferraro, Jane Haxby illustrate the psychological phenomenon ■ The Historian will feature assistant editor the possible causes of George Washington’s DESIGN known as the backfire effect, a reaction that Charlottesville, VA 22904-4117 PHOTOGRAPHY Lynn Price’s book review of The Washingtons death. The examination was a collaboration Anne Chesnut occurs when core beliefs are challenged. Atria Books, Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, by Flora Fraser. The Historian is a quarterly between University of Virginia physician 434.924.3569 TEL In this instance, consideration of how John Carter Brown Library, Library of PRINTER historical journal published by Phi Alpha White McKenzie Wallenborn and The George Washington’s dentures may have gwpapers.virginia.edu Congress, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, Mid Valley Press Theta. Washington Papers. 2 Washington Papers • Fall 2017 | UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA Washington Papers • Fall 2017 | UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA 3 Washington’s Farewell Address was no small undertaking—liter- An Introduction to ally years in the making—and it produced enough drafts, revisions, General Washington and chronologically challenging contributions to be confounding. Former senior editor David R. Hoth, who himself retired from The Presidential Series Washington Papers in February 2017, proved up to the challenge, Calls on the Militia of New Jersey Volume 20, April–September 1796 rearranging the pieces until a clear, coherent picture of the chronol- ogy of events emerged.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Massachusetts Historical Society, Adams Papers Editorial Project
    Narrative Section of a Successful Application The attached document contains the grant narrative of a previously funded grant application, which conforms to a past set of grant guidelines. It is not intended to serve as a model, but to give you a sense of how a successful application may be crafted. Every successful application is different, and each applicant is urged to prepare a proposal that reflects its unique project and aspirations. Prospective applicants should consult the application guidelines for instructions. Applicants are also strongly encouraged to consult with the NEH Division of Research Programs staff well before a grant deadline. Note: The attachment only contains the grant narrative, not the entire funded application. In addition, certain portions may have been redacted to protect the privacy interests of an individual and/or to protect confidential commercial and financial information and/or to protect copyrighted materials. Project Title: Adams Papers Editorial Project Institution: Massachusetts Historical Society Project Director: Sara Martin Grant Program: Scholarly Editions and Translations Program Statement of Significance and Impact The Adams Papers Editorial Project is sponsored by and located at the Massachusetts Historical Society (MHS). The Society’s 300,000-page Adams Family Papers manuscript collection, which spans more than a century of American history from the Revolutionary era to the last quarter of the nineteenth century, is consulted during the entire editing process, making the project unique among large-scale documentary editions. The Adams Papers has published 52 volumes to date and will continue to produce one volume per year. Free online access is provided by the MHS and the National Archives.
    [Show full text]
  • George Washington Papers, Series 2, Letterbooks 1754-1799
    George Washington Papers, Series 2, Letterbooks 1754-1799 To LUND WASHINGTON February 28, 1778. …If you should happen to draw a prize in the militia , I must provide a man, either there or here, in your room; as nothing but your having the charge of my business, and the entire confidence I repose in you, could make me tolerable easy from home for such a length of time as I have been, and am likely to be. This therefore leads me to say, that I hope no motive, however powerful, will induce you to leave my business, whilst I, in a manner, am banished from home; because I should be unhappy to see it in common hands. For this reason, altho' from accidents and misfortunes not to be averted by human foresight, I make little or nothing from my Estate, I am still willing to increase your wages, and make it worth your while to continue with me. To go on in the improvement of my Estate in the manner heretofore described to you, fulfilling my plans, and keeping my property together, are the principal objects I have in view during these troubles; and firmly believing that they will be accomplished under your management, as far as circumstances and acts of providence will allow, I feel quite easy under disappointments; which I should not do, if my business was in common hands, 38 liable to suspicions. I am, etc. 38. Extract in “Washington's Letter Book, No. 5.” Lund answered (March 18): “By your letter I should suppose you were apprehensive I intended to leave you.
    [Show full text]
  • Kittanning Medal Given by the Corporation of Tlie City of Philadelphia
    Kittanning Medal given by the Corporation of tlie City of Philadelphia. Washington Peace Medal presented to Historical Society of Pennsylvania March 18, 188i> by Charles C. CresBon. He bought two (this a'nd the Greeneville Treaty medal) for $30.00 from Samuel Worthington on Sept 2!>. 1877. Medal belonged to Tarhee (meaning The Crane), a Wyandot Chief. Greeneville Treaty Medal. The Order of Military Merit or Decoration of the Purple Heart. Pounded Try General Washington. Gorget, made by Joseph Richardson, Jr., the Philadelphia silversmith. THE PENNSYLVANIA MAGAZINE OF HISTORY AND BIOGRAPHY. VOL. LI. 1927. No. 2. INDIAN AND MILITARY MEDALS FROM COLONIAL TIMES TO DATE BY HARROLD E. GILLINGHAM.* "What is a ribbon worth to a soldier? Everything! Glory is priceless!" Sir E. B. Lytton, Bart. The nature of man is to demand preferences and distinction. It is uncertain who first instituted the custom of granting medals to individuals for acts of bravery or for military services. Scipio Aemilius is said to have bestowed wreaths of roses upon his men of the eleventh Legion at Carthage in 146 B. C., and the Chinese are reported to have issued awards during the Han Dynasty in the year 10 A. D., though no de- scription thereof is given. Tancred says there used to be in the National Coin Collection of France, a gold medal of the Roman Emperor Tetricus, with loops at- tached, which made it appear as if it was an ornament to wear. Perhaps the Donum Militare, and bestowed for distinguished services. We do know that Queen Elizabeth granted a jewelled star and badge to Sir Francis Drake after his famous globe encircling voy- age (1577-1579), and Tancred says these precious relics were at the Drake family homestead, "Nutwell * Address delivered before the Society, January 10, 1927 and at the meeting of The Numismatic and Antiquarian Society February 15, 1926.
    [Show full text]
  • Li)E------SEEING IS BELI EVING the SURRENDER of CORNWALLIS AS [TNEVER HAPPENED
    NO . 19 THE CLEMENTS LIBRARY ASSOCIATES SPRING-SUMMER 2003 COMMEMORATION OF WASHINGTON wo hundred and Washington was a demand ing person for posterit y. Nor did it help that the fifty years ago this to work for. He micro-managed his nex t two genera tions of American s November, with an employees. preferred to think of Washington as eviction notice in hand In publi c. Washington never an ideali zed . god-like figure rather from the Governor of relaxed . He was a commanding pres­ than as a human being. Virginia to the French ence- tall, powerful, and formidable­ To mark the accession of the military commander in western not someone you ever trifled with. recently do nated letter, the Cleme nts Pennsylvani a. twenty-one-year­ Library staff decided to old George Washington dedicate the summe r of launched a career of public 2003 to rem embering George service unsurpassed in Washington. The Director American history. He is one of has mounted a very special those relat ively few indi viduals exhibit entitled "George who perso nally changed the Washington: Getting to course of world events in very Know the Man Behind significant ways. the Image" that will run to Mr. and Mrs. Dav id B. November 21. It draws upon Walters have recently presented remarkable original letters the Clements Library with and document s, both from a marvelous. seven-page letter the Library's co llections and written by George Washington from private sources. It is in 1793. while he was President. Washington's voluminous They will be don ating other literary output-especially material s in the futu re.
    [Show full text]
  • George Washington, George Washington: a Collection [1988]
    The Online Library of Liberty A Project Of Liberty Fund, Inc. George Washington, George Washington: A Collection [1988] The Online Library Of Liberty This E-Book (PDF format) is published by Liberty Fund, Inc., a private, non-profit, educational foundation established in 1960 to encourage study of the ideal of a society of free and responsible individuals. 2010 was the 50th anniversary year of the founding of Liberty Fund. It is part of the Online Library of Liberty web site http://oll.libertyfund.org, which was established in 2004 in order to further the educational goals of Liberty Fund, Inc. To find out more about the author or title, to use the site's powerful search engine, to see other titles in other formats (HTML, facsimile PDF), or to make use of the hundreds of essays, educational aids, and study guides, please visit the OLL web site. This title is also part of the Portable Library of Liberty DVD which contains over 1,000 books and quotes about liberty and power, and is available free of charge upon request. The cuneiform inscription that appears in the logo and serves as a design element in all Liberty Fund books and web sites is the earliest-known written appearance of the word “freedom” (amagi), or “liberty.” It is taken from a clay document written about 2300 B.C. in the Sumerian city-state of Lagash, in present day Iraq. To find out more about Liberty Fund, Inc., or the Online Library of Liberty Project, please contact the Director at [email protected].
    [Show full text]
  • Research Topic: George Washington
    Research Topic: George Washington Research Topic George Washington (born February 22, 1732, Westmoreland County, Virginia- died, December 14, 1799, Mount Vernon, Virginia) Grade Level 1st – 3rd Grade Time Requirement 1 class period (45 minutes) Ohio’s Learning American History – Civic Participation & Skills: An individual who Standards worked to make the United States – his community – a better place by Government Strand taking action to solve problems and build the nation Americans call their home today. Common Core CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RL.1.2 Standards Retell stories, including key details, and demonstrate understanding of their central message or lesson. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RL.2.1 Ask and answer such questions as who, what, where, when, why, and how to demonstrate understanding of key details in a text. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RL.3.3 Describe characters in a story (e.g., their traits, motivations, or feelings) and explain how their actions contribute to the sequence of events Objective Students will understand and recognize leadership qualities in the Founding Fathers and the nation’s first president, George Washington. Students will be able to identify characteristics that make a person a good leader. Research Statement Washington was a Founding Father, a great American military leader and Veteran of the Revolutionary War who went on to become the nation’s first President. Introduction George Washington was passionate about the freedom and liberties of the citizens of the thirteen colonies. He made the decision to lead the fight for freedom against the British. Supporting Idea I In 1753, at the age of 21 years, George Washington went on a mission into the Ohio Country to confront the French during the French and Indian War.
    [Show full text]
  • Revolutionary War Manuscripts in Special Collections and Archives, Rutgers University Libraries
    REVOLUTIONARY WAR MANUSCRIPTS IN SPECIAL COLLECTIONS AND ARCHIVES, RUTGERS UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES BY CLARK L. BECK Rutgers University Libraries Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey New Brunswick, New Jersey, REVOLUTIONARY WAR MANUSCRIPTS IN SPECIAL COLLECTIONS AND ARCHIVES, RUTGERS UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES BY CLARK L. BECK Rutgers University Libraries Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey New Brunswick, New Jersey. INTRODUCTION This list enumerates some 300 individual collections maintained by Special Collections and Archives--single pieces, groups whose entire focus is on the Revolution, and those whose Revolutionary contents form part of a larger body of papers. Although there is material representing all thirteen colonies and Great Britain, the emphasis is on New Jersey. A descriptive guide to individual collections or relevant portions thereof, this is not an index to every item of Revolutionary significance in Special Collections and Archives. Its purpose is to assist the researcher in determining the scope of material available, as well as in assessing its content. Arranged alphabetically by main entry, each item, collection or partial collection is described briefly, and its inclusive dates, place(s) or authorship and physical bulk are noted. Where an entry involves a number of correspondents, the more prevalent or illustrious of them are noted. Certain criteria have been employed in selecting manuscripts for inclusion in this guide. In order to qualify, a piece or collection has to bear some military, political, social or economic aspect of the conflict. Routine legal documents of war date or personal letters with no relevance to the Revolutionary situation have been excluded. Clark L. Beck Manuscripts Librarian REVOLUTIONARY WAR MANUSCRIPT MATERIALS Abeel, James, 1733-1825.
    [Show full text]
  • The Library of Congress Information Bulletin, 2001. INSTITUTION Library of Congress, Washington, DC
    DOCUMENT RESUME ED 464 636 IR 058 442 AUTHOR Lamolinara, Guy, Ed. TITLE The Library of Congress Information Bulletin, 2001. INSTITUTION Library of Congress, Washington, DC. ISSN ISSN-0041-7904 PUB DATE 2001-00-00 NOTE 423p. AVAILABLE FROM For full text: http://www.loc.gov/loc/lcib/. r)Tro w^-k. JOURNAL CIT Library of Congress Information Bulletin; v60 n1-12 2001 EDRS PRICE MF01/PC17 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Electronic Libraries; *Exhibits; *Library Collections; *Library Services; *National Libraries; World Wide Web IDENTIFIERS *Library of Congress ABSTRACT These 12 issues, representing one calendar year (2001) of "The Library of Congress Information Bulletin," contain information on Library of Congress new collections and program developments, lectures and readings, financial support and materials donations, budget, honors and awards, World Wide Web sites and digital collections, new publications, exhibits, and preservation. Cover stories include:(1) "5 Million Items Online: National Digital Library Program Reaches Goal";(2) "Celebration and Growth: The Year in Review"; (3) "The World of Hannah Arendt: Selection of Papers of Political Philosopher Now Online"; (4) "'Born in Slavery': An Introduction to the WPA Slave Narratives"; (5) "Photographer to the Czar: The Startling Work of Sergei Prokudin-Gorskii"; (6) "World Treasures: Library Opens New Gallery of Global Collections"; (7) "National Book Festival: First Lady, Library To Host First-Ever Event"; (8) "Shadows, Dreams, Substance: 'The Floating World of Ukiyo-e' Exhibition Opens"; (9) "'The Joy of the Written Work': Library and First Lady Host First National Book Festival"; (10) "'Human Nature and the Power of Culture': Margaret Mead Exhibition Opens"; and (11)"Photos from the Clarence H.
    [Show full text]
  • Magazine-Spring-2020.Pdf
    The Mary Ball Washington’s Fight for Independence Martha Washington, Quilt Maker and Businesswoman Extraordinaire The Ladies and the Suffrage Movement Spring 2020 Rebecca Aloisi, Editor Norie Quintos, Editorial Consultant CONTRIBUTORS: Rebecca Baird Learn more about George Washington and Steve Bashore whiskey or take a virtual tour of the distillery. Ann Greer Amanda Isaac Eric Litchford mountvernon.org/distillery Jessie MacLeod Tom Reinhart Rebekah Hanover Pettit, Senior Designer Dawn Bonner, Visual Resources Manager Thalia Romero, Production Coordinator Cover image: Council of 1921, Mount Vernon Ladies’ Association TOC Image: Detail from Martha Washington's Neo-classical Swags quilt top. Photo by Sierra Medellin, MVLA Mount Vernon magazine is published three times a year by the Mount Vernon Ladies’ Association, the nonprofit organization that owns and manages George Washington’s estate. We envision an America where all know and value the singular story of the father of our country. Ever mindful of our past, we seek innovative and compelling ways to tell the story of George Washington, so that his timeless and relevant life lessons are accessible to the world. This publication is produced solely for nonprofit, educational purposes, and every reasonable effort is made to provide accurate and appropriate attribution for all elements, including historic images in the public domain. All written material, unless otherwise stated, is the copyright FEATURES of the Mount Vernon Ladies’ Association. While vetted for accuracy, the feature articles included in this magazine reflect the research and interpretation of the contributing authors and historians. George Washington’s Mount Vernon P.O. Box 110, Mount Vernon, Virginia 22121 All editorial, reprint, or circulation correspondence should be directed to 24 30 38 [email protected].
    [Show full text]
  • The Mattachine Society of Washington, the American Civil Liberties Union, and the Invention of Gay Pride, 1
    The Proud Plaintiff: The Mattachine Society of Washington, the American Civil Liberties Union, and the Invention of Gay Pride, 1957-1969 A dissertation presented by Eric Matthew Cervini of Emmanuel College to The Faculty of History in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy The University of Cambridge Cambridge, United Kingdom July 2019 This dissertation is the result of my own work and includes nothing which is the outcome of work done in collaboration. It is not substantially the same as any that I have submitted, or, is being concurrently submitted for a degree or diploma or other qualification at the University of Cambridge or any other University or similar institution. I further state that no substantial part of my dissertation has already been submitted, or, is being concurrently submitted for any such degree, diploma or other qualification at the University of Cambridge or any other University or similar institution. It does not exceed the word limit prescribed by the Degree Committee of the History Faculty. © 2019 Eric Cervini All rights reserved. Abstract The Proud Plaintiff: The Mattachine Society of Washington, the American Civil Liberties Union, and the Invention of Gay Pride, 1957-1969 by Eric Cervini Histories of the early gay rights movement in America have aptly placed emphasis on the Mattachine Society of Washington (MSW), founded in 1961, and its founder, Frank Kameny. Told as part of broader social or political histories of the 1960s “homophile” movement, these narratives often recognize the MSW’s ideological and tactical contributions to the fight against the federal government’s gay purges; indeed, the Society is most known for the first gay pickets of the White House and its militant slogan, “Gay is Good.” These histories, however, have overlooked a crucial component of the MSW’s story: its legal alliance with the American Civil Liberties Union.
    [Show full text]
  • George Washington Papers
    George Washington Papers A Finding Aid to the Collection in the Library of Congress Manuscript Division, Library of Congress Washington, D.C. 2009 Revised 2016 September Contact information: http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.mss/mss.contact Additional search options available at: http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.mss/eadmss.ms008068 LC Online Catalog record: http://lccn.loc.gov/mm78044693 Prepared by Manuscript Division staff Collection Summary Title: George Washington Papers Span Dates: 1592-1943 Bulk Dates: (bulk 1748-1799) ID No.: MSS44693 Creator: Washington, George, 1732-1799 Extent: 77,000 items ; 506 containers plus 19 oversize ; 215.2 linear feet ; 125 microfilm reels Language: Collection material in English Location: Manuscript Division, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. Summary: United States president, United States Army officer, and patriot. Correspondence, letterbooks, diaries, accounts, military papers, and other papers documenting Washington's relations with the Continental Congress, his command of the Continental Army, his presidency, and other aspects of his career. Selected Search Terms The following terms have been used to index the description of this collection in the Library's online catalog. They are grouped by name of person or organization, by subject or location, and by occupation and listed alphabetically therein. People Adams, John, 1735-1826--Correspondence. Adams, Samuel, 1722-1803--Correspondence. Bland, Theodorick, 1742-1790--Correspondence. Boucher, Jonathan, 1738-1804--Correspondence. Boudinot, Elias, 1740-1821--Correspondence. Burgoyne, John, 1722-1792--Correspondence. Carrington, Edward, 1749-1810--Correspondence. Carroll, Charles, 1737-1832--Correspondence. Dayton, Jonathan, 1760-1824--Correspondence. Dinwiddie, Robert, 1693-1770--Correspondence. Duer, William, 1747-1799--Correspondence. Forman, David, 1745-1797--Correspondence.
    [Show full text]
  • The American Revolution: Step-By-Step Activities to Engage
    The American Revolution: Step-by-Step Activities to Engage Children in Why the American Colonists Went to War Against Great Britain, including the Struggles of the Colonists, a Reader’s Theater, Timelines, and More! Table of Contents 1 Acknowledgements 2 Description of the Unit 3 Compelling and Supporting Questions 3 Academic History-Social Science Content Standards and 4 Historical and Social Sciences Analysis Skills Common Core State Standards for English Language Arts 5 Lesson 1: A Timeline of the American Revolution 6 Lesson 2: The Stamp Act and the Townshend Acts 13 Lesson 3: What was Unfair? 16 Lesson 4: The Boston Massacre, 1770 24 Lesson 5: The Boston Tea Party and the Coercive Acts 30 Lesson 6: Katie’s Trunk 35 Lesson 7: The Role of Colonial Women During the American Revolution 39 Lesson 8: The Declaration of Independence 42 Lesson 9: Thomas Paine's The American Crisis and The Brutal Winter 49 at Valley Forge Lesson 10: The Articles of Confederation 54 Lesson 11: The Treaty (Peace) of Paris 56 Lesson 12: Freedom’s Journey 59 Resources for The American Revolution 64 1 Acknowledgements The American Revolution: Step-by-Step Activities to Engage Children in Why the American Colonists Went to War Against Great Britain, including the Struggles of the Colonists, a Reader’s Theater, Timelines, and More! AUTHOR Priscilla H. Porter is the Director of the Porter History-Social Science Resource Center located at the Palm Desert Campus of California State University San Bernardino. A former elementary teacher, Dr. Porter is the author of numerous curriculum guides and is the senior author of Reflections, a Kindergarten to Grade 6 social studies textbook series published by Harcourt School Publishers Contributors to this curriculum guide include: Kimberly Clarke, Desert Sands Unified School District Dr.
    [Show full text]