2 Intelligent Network Development and Research Methods 15 2.1 Introduction

Open Research Online The Open University’s repository of research publications and other research outputs The inﬂuence of standardisation and regulation on the development of intelligent networks Thesis How to cite: Shepherd, John William (2004). The inﬂuence of standardisation and regulation on the development of intelligent networks. PhD thesis The Open University. For guidance on citations see FAQs. c 2004 John William Shepherd Version: Version of Record Link(s) to article on publisher’s website: http://dx.doi.org/doi:10.21954/ou.ro.0000f9e4 Copyright and Moral Rights for the articles on this site are retained by the individual authors and/or other copyright owners. For more information on Open Research Online’s data policy on reuse of materials please consult the policies page. oro.open.ac.uk L/fJg_i5 srTTtJw::T-Z:rt:> THE INFLUENCE OF STANDARDISATION AND REGULATION ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF INTELLIGENT NETWORKS John William Shepherd MBABA(Hons) Submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Telematics Faculty of Technology Open University 30**^ September 2003 ProQuest Number: C819050 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a com plete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest C819050 Published by ProQuest LLO (2019). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States C ode Microform Edition © ProQuest LLO. ProQuest LLO. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.Q. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106- 1346 Abstract In today’s global economy a flexible and responsive telecommunications infrastructure is essential to the maintenance and development of a country’s economy. Within a free market, such an infrastructure depends upon the use of common standards; either imposed as a consequence of regulation or evolved through the operation of the market. This thesis investigates the influence of regulation and standardisation on Intelligent Network telecommunications technology by addressing the hypothesis: Tight architecture-based regulation is inappropriate for a rapidly changing telecommunications environment, since that environment is continually challenging and redefining the boundaries o f technological change. The multi-method approach adopted is based upon triangulation to identify multiple viewpoints. A Stakeholder Analysis was employed to help categorise those with an interest in Intelligent Networks and provide a basis for data collection. The primary data was gathered using a combination of surveys and interviews. The thesis illustrates a wide range of original research. A unique analysis framework was constructed to identify a number of factors, including technical and commercial influences and their impact on the choice of IN architecture and the implementation of regulations. This framework offers a new perspective with which to view IN architectures; leading to the development and implementation of alternative IN architecture models. A number of these architectures have been constructed, together with some novel services, to demonstrate what could be achieved by employing flexible, less detailed standards, or making use of proprietary protocols. The research concludes that tight regulation is not appropriate for Intelligent Network technology. Instead, encouragement for implementation and interconnection is better shaped through the development and adoption of de-jure standards. 11 Acknowledgements I would like to thank all those who have assisted me in the completion of this research: Nick Heap and Dave Wield my supervisors for their guidance, patience and continuous positive support; Audrey Ibbotson at the Open University, for her help, cups of tea and chats; the many industry ‘gurus’ who gave their opinions and time in responding to Surveys and being interviewed, without whom this research would not have been possible; Irene and Alex Ananin, who set me on the path to further education; my mother Betty, father Stan (who was unable to see me complete this research) and mother-in-law Jacqueline; and finally my wife Liz and daughters Jenny, Rachael and Sarah who have never known their Daddy not to be studying. Thank you for your support and here’s a promise to see you more at bedtime. Ill Publications As the topic of my research has become known, I was invited to talk about my work and the impact of IN architectures at a number of conferences (listed below); thus some of the original material resulting from the research for this thesis, has been published in Conference proceedings: ‘Examining the Current Status and Future Development of IN Architectures’, 4^ Annual Congress - IN ‘97’, HR, London, January 1997 ‘The Development of IN Architectures’, IN 1998, HR, Rome, Italy, October 1997 ‘Examining Alternative IN Architectures’, Intelligent Networks, VIB, Brussels, Belgium, December 1997 ‘Developing Effective Strategies for the Interworking of IN and CTI’, Intelligent Networks ’98 ...Madrid’, HR, Madrid, Spain, November 1998 Similarly I was asked to contribute to an Institution of Electrical Engineers book on Intelligent Networks: ‘Intelligent Networks: Principles and Applications’, John Anderson, lEE, London, 2002 IV Contents Abstract .................................................. ii Acknowledgements........................ iü Publications........................................................................................... iv Contents......................... v List of Figures............. vii List of Tables.................................................................. ix 1 Introduction...................... 1 1.1 Background...................... 1 1.2 Hypothesis...................... 3 1.3 Themes............... 6 1.4 Research Boundaries.. ....... 7 1.5 Thesis Structure.................... 10 1.6 Chapter 1 References...................... 14 2 Intelligent Network Development and Research Methods 15 2.1 Introduction ........... 15 2.2 Knowledge Review............... 16 2.3 Research Methods........................................... 41 2.4 Summary of Research Methods............................... 65 2.5 Chapter 2 References.................. 66 3 Research Design ........ 74 3.1 Introduction...................................................... 74 3.2 Triangulation ........ 76 3.3 Surveys................ 88 3.4 Interviewing Strategy ............... 98 3.5 Summary.................... 100 3.6 Chapter 3 R efer^ces.......... ....... 102 4 The Evolution of Intelligent Network Technology ....... 104 4.1 Introduction ......................................................................................... 104 4.2 The History of Intelligent Networks................... ........................................ 106 4.3 Call Routeing in Traditional and Intelligent Networks. .............. 112 4.4 An Overview of Intelligent Network Elements ........ 119 4.5 The Progressive Development of Intelligent Network Services..... 123 4.6 More Advanced Services. .................... 130 4.7 Factors to Consider when Choosing an Architecture................ 136 4.8 Summary ..................................... ....... 175 4.9 Chapter 4 References .................... 179 5 The Evolution of Regulation and Standardisation Policies in Regulation 182 5.1 Introduction............................ 182 5.2 Industry Tensions..................... 183 5.3 What is Regulation ?................ 186 5.4 The History of Telecommunications Regulatory Development................. 189 5.5 How Telecommunication Service Regulation is Applied in the UK - 199 OFTEL............................................................................ 5.6 UK Interconnection Regulation............................... 210 5.7 Telecommunication Regulation from the European Union Perspective..... 215 5.8 A Global Perspective - The World Trade Organisation. ....... 226 5.9 The Role of Standardisation in the Delivery of Telecommunication 229 Services?............................................................ ...................................... 5.10 Summary - The Implications for Telecommunications ........... 241 5.11 Chapter 5 References ................................... 248 6 Stakeholder Attitudes and Concerns .......... 254 6.1 Introduction........................... 254 6.2 Stakeholder Viewpoints. ............... 254 6.3 Survey Overview ................ 259 6.4 Intelligent Network Architecture Models........................... 263 6.5 Points of Interconnect in a CS1 Environment. ................ 270 6.6 Other Interconnect Issues....................................... 285 6.7 Intelligent Networks as a part of a Company’s Strategy .............. 291 6.8 The need for Standardisation. ............ 294 6.9 The Impact of Regulation upon Service Delivery.............................. 300 6.10 Chapter Summary ............................ 303 6.11 Chapter 6 References....................................... 314 7 The Implications and Issues for the Regulation and Standardisation of 316 Different Intelligent Network Models ............................. 7.1 Introduction .................................................... 316 7.2 Intelligent Network Architecture.................... 317 7.3 Industry Dynamics .................... 320 7.4 Standardisation .......................... 322 7.5 Regulatory Environment ........ 325 7.6

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