DOCSLIB.ORG

PREYING on PLANTS How Parasites Target Healthy Vegetation

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
PREYING on PLANTS How Parasites Target Healthy Vegetation SUMMER 2021 SHOWCASING THE BEST OF JAPAN’S PREMIER RESEARCH ORGANIZATION • www.riken.jp/en/ PREYING ON PLANTS How parasites target healthy vegetation UPPING THE ANTI New physics possibilities from classic device DRAWING ON DATA AI provides answers in a crisis HAIR TODAY, HAIR TOMORROW Stem cells regenerate follicle growth ▲ Bigger fish to fry A RIKEN-led team has developed larger strains of zooplankton by creating mutations with a heavy-ion beam. Bigger versions of this important feed stock for fish nurseries could improve fish farming efficiencies and help supply the needs of a growing global population (see page 16). ADVISORY BOARD RIKEN, Japan’s flagship publication is a selection For further information on the BIOLOGY ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE research institute, conducts of the articles published research in this publication or • Kuniya Abe (BRC) • Hiroshi Nakagawa (AIP) basic and applied research in by RIKEN at: https://www. to arrange an interview with a • Makoto Hayashi (CSRS) • Satoshi Sekine (AIP) a wide range of fields riken.jp/en/news_pubs/ researcher, please contact: • Shigeo Hayashi (BDR) including physics, chemistry, research_news/ RIKEN International • Joshua Johansen (CBS) PHYSICS medical science, biology Please visit the website for Affairs Division • Atsuo Ogura (BRC) • Akira Furusaki (CEMS) and engineering. recent updates and related 2-1, Hirosawa, Wako, • Yasushi Okada (BDR) • Hiroaki Minamide (RAP) articles. Articles showcase Saitama, 351-0198, Japan • Hitoshi Okamoto (CBS) • Yasuo Nabekawa (RAP) Initially established RIKEN’s groundbreaking Tel: +81 48 462 1225 • Kensaku Sakamoto (BDR) • Shigehiro Nagataki (CPR) as a private research results and are written for a Fax: +81 48 463 3687 • Kazuhiro Sakurada (R-IH) • Masaki Oura (RSC) foundation in Tokyo in 1917, non-specialist audience. [email protected] • Harukazu Suzuki (IMS) • Toru Tamagawa (RNC) RIKEN became a national • Toshitada Takemori (IMS) • Tomohiro Uesaka (RNC) research and development RIKEN Research is published ISSN 1883-3519 • Koji Yonekura (RSC) • Yasunori Yamazaki (CPR) institute in 2015. by RIKEN in collaboration www.riken.jp/en with Nature Research CHEMISTRY COMPUTER / RIKEN Research is an online Custom Media, a part • Hideki Abe (CSRS) COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCE and print publication that of Springer Nature. • Keisuke Tajima (CEMS) • Toshiaki Iitaka (ISC) highlights the best research • Katsunori Tanaka (CPR) • Takahito Nakajima (R-CCS) published by RIKEN. This • Hirofumi Tomita (R-CCS) © FRANK FOX / SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY TABLE OF CONTENTS Editorial Infographic Quantum questions 3 Calling all 8 The new RIKEN Center for Quantum collaborators Computing (RQC) is co-ordinating the Japanese-government's quantum agenda, and exploring a number of important People approaches for qubits, quantum circuits 4 and quantum architecture. Physics modeling of viral spread between cells Catherine Beauchemin Deputy Program Director Managing a marmoset brain atlas Alexander Woodward Research Unit leader 10 highlights 10 Revealing the origins of skyrmion lattices Briefs 11 Glycans play crucial role 6 in COVID-19 infection Gene database 12 Choreographing the RIKEN protects cherry downward dance of blossoms plant roots 13 Giant pulses have gigantic BDR Symposium levels of energy RNA diagnostic test for 14 New way to create COVID-19 faster than particles for quantum current PCR detection computers predicted p.13 Virtual open day 15 Bringing inductors down to size Japan’s new quantum headquarters 16 Supersized snacks for growing fish 17 Chemical reaction zips along at water surface 18 A new drug target for schizophrenia p.15 SUMMER 2021 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS Research COVER STORY 19 highlights Feature 26 Hunting for big game in physics with a small trap: An instrument designed to probe 19 Mysterious magnetar may power bright the imbalance between matter and antimatter binary star could make the search for axions much, much more affordable. 20 Unfertilized egg modifications key to some traits 21 Organic make-up of planetary systems differs from early on 22 Alpha particles lurk at the surface of neutron-rich nuclei COVER STORY 23 Parasitic plants make their point with ethylene 24 Quantum nanodevice can simultaneously do work and cool Perspectives COVER STORY 30 AI of the storm: During the pandemic, RIKEN’s artificial COVER STORY intelligence teams have been able to advance everything from 25 Regenerating hair travel advice to online medicine. Has COVID-19 unlocked in the lab Japan’s big data doors? p.21 2 RIKEN RESEARCH EDITORIAL Calling all collaborators Hidetoshi Kotera Executive Director, RIKEN ne of our goals in publishing and of our research to society in the form of innovation. distributing this magazine is to provide For this, we work with universities and research SUMMER 2021 SHOWCASING THE BEST OF JAPAN’S PREMIER RESEARCH ORGANIZATION • www.riken.jp/en/ information with the potential to institutes, as well as with a number of companies in PREYING stimulate new collaborations between the private sector. ON PLANTS How parasites target ORIKEN and partners around the world. Today, I We have seen many positive results from such healthy vegetation would like to update our readers on some exciting collaborations, including the establishment of a new developments regarding our collaborations. research organization, the Interdisciplinary Theo- UPPING THE ANTI New physics possibilities from classic At RIKEN, our collaborations are now managed retical and Mathematical Sciences Program, based device DRAWING ON DATA by a new organization called the Science, Technol- on collaboration between RIKEN, Kyoto University, AI provides answers in a crisis HAIR TODAY, ogy, and Innovation Hub. As the name implies, it and research groups in China, India and the United HAIR TOMORROW Stem cells regenerate is meant to act as a hub for collaborations. One States. Another collaboration with Hiroshima Uni- follicle growth of its functions is to promote collaboration inside versity has furthered cell-imaging technologies and RIKEN, through initiatives such as our Engineering one with Nagoya University has led to the devel- COVER STORY: The invasive organs Network, which brings together people working opment of a new rice strain that is currently being (pictured) of parasitic on joint research projects beyond each discipline. evaluated in Kenya. We are looking to expand these plants, such as Phthei- Another important function is to promote projects networks to many more universities and companies rospermum japonicum, between RIKEN researchers and other institutes outside of Japan. respond to the plant and universities. We hope that you will find examples of research hormone ethylene. Page 23 The basic method we use to find collaborators is in this issue of RIKEN Research that will lead to to analyze the fields where we have strengths, and future collaborations. © 2021 RIKEN then identify partners that we can work with to enable us to pioneer new research fields, nurture young scientists, and ultimately return the results Keep up to date Online Facebook Twitter LinkedIn www.riken.jp/en facebook.com/RIKENHQ twitter.com/RIKEN_en linkedin.com/company/riken SUMMER 2021 3 PEOPLE infected cell sees the same amount of virus as one that is far away. In my Physics modeling first research project I constructed a simple, spatial model for the spread of a respiratory virus infection to of viral spread show how local effects impact cell- to-cell virus spread, and the immune response. There was very little known about SARS-CoV-1 at that time, so I between cells decided to construct my first model based on the influenza virus. I didn’t Catherine Beauchemin know that influenza would become Deputy Program Director, RIKEN Interdisciplinary Theoretical important due to the possibility of an avian influenza pandemic, which and Mathematical Sciences (iTHEMS) program remains a threat today. Describe your role at RIKEN mathematical models to explain the I first joined RIKEN in 2016 as a senior experimental observations made when I construct visiting scientist at iTHES, the prede- viruses infect cell cultures. In biology, cessor of the Interdisciplinary Theo- such knowledge is usually advanced computer models to retical and Mathematical through experimental trial and error, explain the observations Sciences (iTHEMS) but physics modeling can help program. In 2020, streamline this process. made when viruses infect I became one cell cultures. of four iTHEMS How did you become deputy program interested in your field? directors. I am As an undergraduate in My research is important to in a field I call computational physics, I society because… ‘virophysics’; became interested in self- Let’s say we want to determine the time the applica- organizing systems and between giving two doses of a vaccine tion of physics distributed intelligence. As a to confer optimal protection. In immunol- methods to virology. graduate student, I intended to ogy or virology, this is done by testing Primarily, I construct work on social insect behavior, different dosing intervals in as many computer and but my doctoral advisor wanted people as possible, and then we can me to work with him on cancer. choose only from the options that were He gave me a paper called tested. Without equations, we cannot Immunology for physicists. predict what happens if the interval is Reading it, I became longer or shorter, because the system is fascinated by how our complex and the response is nonlinear. immune system learns My research is developing physics-
Load more

Recommended publications
  • CURRICULUM VITAE Kenneth J. Ruoff Contact Information
    CURRICULUM VITAE Kenneth J. Ruoff Contact Information: Department of History Portland State University P.O. Box 751 Portland, OR 97207-0751 Tel. (503) 725-3991 Fax. (503) 725-3953 e-mail: [email protected] http://web.pdx.edu/~ruoffk/ Education Ph.D. 1997 Columbia University History M.Phil. 1993 Columbia University History M.A. 1991 Columbia University History B.A. 1989 Harvard College East Asian Studies Study of advanced Japanese, Inter-University Center (formerly known as the Stanford Center), Yokohama, Japan, 1993-1994 (this is a non-degree program). Awards Tim Garrison Faculty Award for Historical Research, Portland State University, 2020. For Japan's Imperial House in the Postwar Era, 1945-2019. Ambassador, Hokkaido University, 2019-present. Branford Price Millar Award for Faculty Excellence, Portland State University, Spring 2015. For excellence in the areas of research and teaching, in particular, but also for community service. Commendation, Consulate General of Japan, Portland, OR, December 2014. For enriching the cultural landscape of Portland through programs sponsored by the Center for Japanese Studies and for improving the understanding of Japan both through these programs and through scholarship. Frances Fuller Victor Award for General Nonfiction (best work of nonfiction by an Oregon author), Oregon Book Awards sponsored by the Literary Arts Organization, 2012. For Imperial Japan at Its Zenith: The Wartime Celebration of the Empire’s 2,600th Anniversary. Jirõ Osaragi Prize for Commentary (in Japanese, the Osaragi Jirõ rondanshõ), 2004, awarded by the Asahi Newspaper Company (Asahi Shinbun) for the best book in the social sciences published in Japan during the previous year (For Kokumin no tennõ; translation of The People’s Emperor).
    [Show full text]
  • CANON INC. (Exact Name of the Registrant As Specified in Its Charter)
    UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington, D.C. 20549 FORM SD SPECIALIZED DISCLOSURE REPORT CANON INC. (Exact name of the registrant as specified in its charter) JAPAN 001-15122 (State or other jurisdiction of (Commission (IRS Employer incorporation or organization) File Number) Identification No.) 30-2, Shimomaruko 3-chome , Ohta-ku, Tokyo 146-8501, Japan (Address of principle executive offices) (Zip code) Eiji Shimizu, +81-3-3758-2111, 30-2, Shimomaruko 3-chome, Ohta-ku, Tokyo 146-8501, Japan (Name and telephone number, including area code, of the person to contact in connection with this report.) Check the appropriate box to indicate the rule pursuant to which this form is being filed and provide the period to which the information in this form applies: Rule 13p-1 under the Securities Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13p-1) for the reporting period from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2017. Section 1 - Conflict Minerals Disclosure Established in 1937, Canon Inc. is a Japanese corporation with its headquarters in Tokyo, Japan. Canon Inc. is one of the world’s leading manufacturers of office multifunction devices (“MFDs”), plain paper copying machines, laser printers, inkjet printers, cameras, diagnostic equipment and lithography equipment. Canon Inc. earns revenues primarily from the manufacture and sale of these products domestically and internationally. Canon Inc. and its consolidated companies fully have been aware of conflict minerals issue and have been working together with business partners and industry entities to address the issue of conflict minerals. In response to Rule 13p-1, Canon Inc. conducted Reasonable Country of Origin Inquiry and due diligence based on the “OECD Due Diligence Guidance for Responsible Supply Chains of Minerals from Conflict-Affected and High-Risk Areas,” for its various products.
    [Show full text]
  • J-PARC MLF MUSE Muon Beams
    For Project X muSR forum at Fermilab Oct 17th-19th,2012 J-PARC MLF MUSE muon beams J-PARC MLF Muon Section/KEK IMSS Yasuhiro Miyake N D-Line In operation N U-Line Commissioning started! N S-Line Partially constructed! N H-Line Partially constructed! Proton Beam Transport from 3GeV RCS to MLF� On the way, towards neutron source� Graphite Muon Target! G-2, DeeMe Mu-Hf Super Highexperiments Resolution Powder etc. H-LineDiffractometer (SHRPD) – KEK are planned 100 m LineBL8� NOBORU - IBARAKI Biological S-Line JAEA BL4� Crystal Diffractometer Nuclear Data - Hokkaido Univ. High Resolution Chopper 4d Space Access Neutron Spectrometer Spectrometer(4SEASONS) Muon Target Grant - in - Aid for Specially Promoted Research, MEXT, Neutron Target U-Line HI - SANS Versatile High Intensity (JAEA) Total Diffractometer(KEK /NEDO) D-Line&9&$3/-&3&1 (KEK) Cold Neutron Double Chopper Spectrometer IBARAKI Materials Design (CNDCS) - JAEA Diffractometer 30 m Muon Engineering Materials and Life Science Facility (MLF) for Muon & NeutronDiffractometer - JAEA Edge-cooling Rotating Graphite Graphite Fixed Target Target From January 2014! At Present! Will be changed in Summer 2013! Inves�gated during shut-­‐down! Fixed Target Rota�ng Target S-Line H-Line Surface µ+(30 MeV/c) Surface µ+ For HF, g-2 exp. For material sciences e- up to 120 MeV/c For DeeMe µ- up to 120 MeV/c For µCF Muon Target U-Line D-Line Ultra Slow µ+(0.05-30keV) Surface µ+(30 MeV/c) For multi-layered thin Decay µ+/µ-(up to 120 MeV/c) foils, nano-materials, catalysis, etc Users’ RUN, in Operation MUSE D-Line, since Sep., 2008 [The world-most intense pulsed muon beam achieved at J-PARC MUSE] ZZZAt the J-PARC Muon Facility (MUSE), the intensity of the pulsed surface muon beam was recorded to be 1.8 x 106/s on November 2009, which was produced by a primary proton beam at a corresponding power of 120 kW delivered from the Rapid Cycle Synchrotron (RCS).
    [Show full text]
  • FROM KEK-PS to J-PARC Yoshishige Yamazaki, J-PARC, KEK & JAEA, Japan
    FROM KEK-PS TO J-PARC Yoshishige Yamazaki, J-PARC, KEK & JAEA, Japan Abstract target are located in series. Every 3 s or so, depending The user experiments at J-PARC have just started. upon the usage of the main ring (MR), the beam is JPARC, which stands for Japan Proton Accelerator extracted from the RCS to be injected to the MR. Here, it Research Complex, comprises a 400-MeV linac (at is ramped up to 30 GeV at present and slowly extracted to present: 180 MeV, being upgraded), a 3-GeV rapid- Hadron Experimental Hall, where the kaon-production cycling synchrotron (RCS), and a 50-GeV main ring target is located. The experiments using the kaons are (MR) synchrotron, which is now in operation at 30 GeV. conducted there. Sometimes, it is fast extracted to The RCS will provide the muon-production target and the produce the neutrinos, which are sent to the Super spallation-neutron-production target with a beam power Kamiokande detector, which is located 295-km west of of 1 MW (at present: 120 kW) at a repetition rate of 25 the J-PARC site. In the future, we are conceiving the Hz. The muons and neutrons thus generated will be used possibility of constructing a test facility for an in materials science, life science, and others, including accelerator-driven nuclear waste transmutation system, industrial applications. The beams that are fast extracted which was shifted to Phase II. We are trying every effort from the MR generate neutrinos to be sent to the Super to get funding for this facility.
    [Show full text]
  • EARLY SCHIZOPHRENIA DETECTION Biomarker Found in Hair
    SPRING 2020 SHOWCASING THE BEST OF JAPAN’S PREMIER RESEARCH ORGANIZATION • www.riken.jp/en EARLY SCHIZOPHRENIA DETECTION Biomarker found in hair WHAT'S THE MATTER? LIVING UNTIL 110 READING THE MIND OF AI Possible link between Abundance of immune Cancer prognosis two cosmic mysteries cell linked to longevity method revealed ▲ Web of dark matter A supercomputer simulation showing the distribution of dark matter in the local universe. RIKEN astrophysicists have performed the first laboratory experiments to see whether the interaction between dark matter and antimatter differs from that between dark matter and normal matter. If such a difference exists, it could explain two cosmological mysteries: why there is so little antimatter in the Universe and what is the true nature of dark matter (see page 18). ADVISORY BOARD RIKEN, Japan’s flagship publication is a selection For further information on the BIOLOGY ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE research institute, conducts of the articles published research in this publication or • Kuniya Abe (BRC) • Hiroshi Nakagawa (AIP) basic and applied research in by RIKEN at: https://www. to arrange an interview with a • Makoto Hayashi (CSRS) • Satoshi Sekine (AIP) a wide range of fields riken.jp/en/news_pubs/ researcher, please contact: • Shigeo Hayashi (BDR) including physics, chemistry, research_news/ RIKEN International • Joshua Johansen (CBS) PHYSICS medical science, biology Please visit the website for Affairs Division • Atsuo Ogura (BRC) • Akira Furusaki (CEMS) and engineering. recent updates and related 2-1, Hirosawa, Wako, • Yasushi Okada (BDR) • Hiroaki Minamide (RAP) articles. Articles showcase Saitama, 351-0198, Japan • Hitoshi Okamoto (CBS) • Yasuo Nabekawa (RAP) Initially established RIKEN’s groundbreaking Tel: +81 48 462 1225 • Kensaku Sakamoto (BDR) • Shigehiro Nagataki (CPR) as a private research results and are written for a Fax: +81 48 463 3687 • Kazuhiro Sakurada (MIH) • Masaki Oura (RSC) foundation in Tokyo in 1917, non-specialist audience.
    [Show full text]
  • Riken Research Volume % Number &
    APRIL !"#$ RIKEN RESEARCH VOLUME % NUMBER & Melting point 900 MHz NMR facility in Yokohama © 2013 RIKEN TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of contents HIGHLIGHT OF THE MONTH 4 A vertebrate family reunion RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS 6 Melting back and forth 7 Silicon’s double magic # 8 Watching bioactive molecules at work 9 Cancer drugs taking shape 10 Stopping the rot 11 Understanding metabolism through computer predictions 12 Cellular networks up close 13 Stem cell therapy for Parkinson’s disease $ FRONTLINE 14 Generating cancer blueprints for future therapies RIKEN PEOPLE 18 Masayo Takahashi, Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration !# !" RIKEN RESEARCH RIKEN, Japan’s flagship research institute, makers interested in science and aims to raise conducts basic and applied experimental global awareness of RIKEN and its research. research in a wide range of science and Sendai technology fields including physics, For further information on the research chemistry, medical science, biology and presented in this publication or to arrange an Wako engineering. Initially established as a private interview with a researcher, please contact: Nagoya research foundation in Tokyo in !"!#, RIKEN Tsukuba became an independent administrative RIKEN Global Relations Office Tokyo Yokohama institution in $%%&. $'!, Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, &(!'%!"), Japan Osaka TEL: +)! *) *+$ !$$( Kobe RIKEN RESEARCH is a website and print FAX: +)! *) *+& &+)# Harima publication intended to highlight the best E'Mail: [email protected] research being published by RIKEN. It is written URL: www.riken
    [Show full text]
  • Table of Contents
    AMMRA Annual Report 2012 Table of Contents AMMRA, the Past and Future ............................................................... 1 Welcome Address ................................................................................ 4 AMMRA Members ............................................................................... 6 AMMRA Charter .................................................................................. 7 AMMRA Organizations ........................................................................11 Briefing from Member Institutions ......................................................13 Biological Resource Centre, A-STAR, Singapore ...................................15 Center for Animal Resources and Development, Kumamoto ...............17 Laboratory Animal Resource Center, KRIBB, Ochang ...........................23 National Applied Research Laboratories, Taipei ..................................29 National Center for Mutant Mice of China, Nanjing ............................35 RIKEN BioResource Center (BRC), Tsukuba ..........................................43 AMMRA Annual meetings… ............................................................. ..51 Contact List .........................................................................................53 AMMRA, the Past and Future President – Dr. Xiang Gao AMMRA services as a strong bondage for us all. Personally, I wish to express my appreciation to Dr. Ken-ichi Yamamura for his vision and tremendous efforts over last 6 years. Of course I am also in debt to all members
    [Show full text]
  • The Robot Koseki: a Japanese Law Model for Regulating Autonomous Machines Colin P.A
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Digital Commons @ UM Law Journal of Business & Technology Law Volume 14 | Issue 2 Article 3 The Robot Koseki: A Japanese Law Model for Regulating Autonomous Machines Colin P.A. Jones Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.law.umaryland.edu/jbtl Recommended Citation Colin P. Jones, The Robot Koseki: A Japanese Law Model for Regulating Autonomous Machines, 14 J. Bus. & Tech. L. 403 () Available at: https://digitalcommons.law.umaryland.edu/jbtl/vol14/iss2/3 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Academic Journals at DigitalCommons@UM Carey Law. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of Business & Technology Law by an authorized editor of DigitalCommons@UM Carey Law. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Robot Koseki: A Japanese Law Model for Regulating Autonomous Machines COLIN P.A. JONES*© ABSTRACT After touching on some of the conceptual and practical hurdles facing the developing field of robot law, this article will describe the Japanese koseki system of family registration and then explain why it offers a source of models and analogies that are useful in the development of a framework for regulating robots. INTRODUCTION: WHAT TO DO ABOUT ROBOTS A review of the growing body of literature on the relatively new subject of “robotics law” reveals a number of common themes. For example, many works reflexively reference Isaac Asimov’s famous but fictional “three laws of robotics” as a touchstone,1 though it is unclear whether they will * Professor, Doshisha Law School (Kyoto, Japan); A.B., UC Berkeley; LL.M., Tohoku University Graduate Faculty of Law; J.D.
    [Show full text]
  • Integrative Medical Sciences Stratified Medicine for a Healthy Long-Lived Society
    RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences Stratified medicine for a healthy long-lived society. Creation of a research platform for new biomedical science. Japan is facing urgent health issues, such as lifestyle-related diseases, various cancers and brain-function disorders, in an increasingly aging society. It has become apparent that the human immune system not only relates to autoimmune diseases, infectious diseases and allergies, but also to many other age-related disorders. It is now thought that disease onset is caused by highly complex combinations of environmental stresses and body reactions, in addition to genomic variations, in each individual. At the RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), we aim to clarify the pathogenic mechanisms underlying human diseases and to translate this knowledge into novel therapies for the benefit of society. IMS will tackle various research questions Director to expound the functions of the human genome and immune system. IMS research is Kazuhiko Yamamoto based on the concept of disease as a dynamic body system interacting with environmental stresses. We will create a research platform to clarify the processes that maintain or disrupt body homeostasis and then transfer that knowledge into the creation of new therapies and medicines. In particular, IMS will strengthen its genome and immunology research platforms through new inputs from functional genomics research, with special emphasis on gene expression networks such as the FANTOM project. Based on this new research platform, IMS will integrate the knowledge of both human genome function and immune system, and lead cutting edge science to solve the problems of various diseases. IMS will promote comprehensive multi-layered analysis of the genome, epigenome, proteins, lipids, cells, organs and individuals.
    [Show full text]
  • The Birth of the Parliamentary Democracy in Japan: an Historical Approach
    The Birth of the Parliamentary Democracy in Japan: An Historical Approach Csaba Gergely Tamás * I. Introduction II. State and Sovereignty in the Meiji Era 1. The Birth of Modern Japan: The First Written Constitution of 1889 2. Sovereignty in the Meiji Era 3. Separation of Powers under the Meiji Constitution III. The Role of Teikoku Gikai under the Meiji Constitution (明治憲法 Meiji Kenp ō), 1. Composition of the Teikoku Gikai ( 帝國議会) 2. Competences of the Teikoku Gikai IV. The Temporary Democracy in the 1920s 1. The Nearly 14 Years of the Cabinet System 2. Universal Manhood Suffrage: General Election Law of 1925 V. Constitutionalism in the Occupation Period and Afterwards 1. The Constitutional Process: SCAP Draft and Its Parliamentary Approval 2. Shōch ō ( 象徴) Emperor: A Mere Symbol? 3. Popular Sovereignty and the Separation of State Powers VI. Kokkai ( 国会) as the Highest Organ of State Power VII. Conclusions: Modern vs. Democratic Japan References I. INTRODUCTION Japanese constitutional legal history does not constitute a part of the obligatory legal curriculum in Hungary. There are limited numbers of researchers and references avail- able throughout the country. However, I am convinced that neither legal history nor comparative constitutional law could be properly interpreted without Japan and its unique legal system and culture. Regarding Hungarian-Japanese legal linkages, at this stage I have not found any evidence of a particular interconnection between the Japanese and Hungarian legal system, apart from the civil law tradition and the universal constitutional principles; I have not yet encountered the Hungarian “Lorenz von Stein” or “Hermann Roesler”. * This study was generously sponsored by the Japan Foundation Short-Term Fellowship Program, July-August, 2011.
    [Show full text]
  • 2020 Appendix I Smelter List
    APPENDIX I Smelter List Metal Smelter Name Smelter Location Country Gold 8853 S.p.A. ITALY Gold Abington Reldan Metals, LLC UNITED STATES OF AMERICA Gold Advanced Chemical Company UNITED STATES OF AMERICA Gold Aida Chemical Industries Co., Ltd. JAPAN Gold Al Etihad Gold Refinery DMCC UNITED ARAB EMIRATES Gold Allgemeine Gold-und Silberscheideanstalt A.G. GERMANY Almalyk Mining and Metallurgical Complex Gold (AMMC) UZBEKISTAN Gold AngloGold Ashanti Corrego do Sitio Mineracao BRAZIL Gold Argor-Heraeus S.A. SWITZERLAND Gold Asahi Pretec Corp. JAPAN Gold Asahi Refining Canada Ltd. CANADA Gold Asahi Refining USA Inc. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA Gold Asaka Riken Co., Ltd. JAPAN Gold Atasay Kuyumculuk Sanayi Ve Ticaret A.S. TURKEY Gold AU Traders and Refiners SOUTH AFRICA Gold Aurubis AG GERMANY Gold Bangalore Refinery INDIA Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (Central Bank of the Gold Philippines) PHILIPPINES Gold Boliden AB SWEDEN Gold C. Hafner GmbH + Co. KG GERMANY Gold C.I Metales Procesados Industriales SAS COLOMBIA Gold Caridad MEXICO Gold CCR Refinery - Glencore Canada Corporation CANADA Gold Cendres + Metaux S.A. SWITZERLAND Gold CGR Metalloys Pvt Ltd. INDIA Gold Chimet S.p.A. ITALY Gold Chugai Mining JAPAN Gold Daye Non-Ferrous Metals Mining Ltd. CHINA Gold Degussa Sonne / Mond Goldhandel GmbH GERMANY Gold DODUCO Contacts and Refining GmbH GERMANY Gold Dowa JAPAN Gold DSC (Do Sung Corporation) KOREA, REPUBLIC OF Gold Eco-System Recycling Co., Ltd. East Plant JAPAN Gold Eco-System Recycling Co., Ltd. North Plant JAPAN Gold Eco-System Recycling Co., Ltd. West Plant JAPAN Gold Emirates Gold DMCC UNITED ARAB EMIRATES Gold GCC Gujrat Gold Centre Pvt.
    [Show full text]
  • RIKEN Bioresource Center Brochure
    RIKEN TSUKUBA BRANCH RIKEN BioResource Research Center July, 2020 Contents ●Greetings…………………………………… 3 ●Overview of the RIKEN BRC……………… 5 For Trust, Sustainability and Leadership ！ ●Mouse……………………………………… 7 ●Arabidopsis & Brachypodium……………… 8 ●Cell…………………………………………… 9 ●Gene…………………………………………10 ●Microbe……………………………………… 11 ●Laboratories………………………………12 ●History, Budget, Personnel, Facilities ……15 ●Organization…………………………………16 ●Activities of RIKEN BRC……………………17 ●NBRP (National Bioresource Project) ……18 not only to researchers in academia but also to those in the private sector, with large-scale facilities and equipment such as supercomputers Hiroshi Matsumoto, Ph.D and the SPring-8 synchrotron facility, as well Toshihiko Shiroishi, Ph.D President as bioresources. In this regard, the RIKEN Director RIKEN BioResource Research Center (BRC) has long RIKEN BioResource Rresearch Center served as one of RIKEN’s core infrastructure At present, numerous new bioresources are centers. being developed in a wide range of fields of the RIKEN celebrated its centennial on March 20, Finally, precisely because RIKEN is not Bioresources are essential experimental life science, with the advances in genome science 2017. The current year of 2018 marks another limited to any specific one research field, our third materials for researches in life science and and the emergence of innovative genome editing milestone, the 60th anniversary of RIKEN’s strategy is to pioneer new research fields. One innovation based on the life science. In January technologies. These are experimental
    [Show full text]