July 29, 1982 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 18687 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS SENATOR MUSKIE'S REMARKS Many of us have resorted to looking for the "denigration of the Presidency," but the ON FOREIGN POLICY small signs of hope that the Administration public registering its great disappoint with wasn't really serious after all about its for­ performance. eign policy directions. Maybe the President Thomas Jefferson said in 1820: "I know of HON. NORMAN Y. MINETA didn't really mean it when he rejected the no safe depository of the ultimate powers of OF CALIFORNIA Law of the Sea treaty because he thought the society but the people themselves, and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES "that when you go out on the high seas, you if we think them not enlightened enough to can do what you want." Maybe our backing Thursday, July 29, 1982 exercise their control in a wholesome discre­ away from the China policy of the past two tion, the remedy is not to take it from them • Mr. MINETA. Mr. Speaker, I would Administrations is really a wallposter but to inform their discretion." like to congratulate the Center for Na­ rumor. Or maybe we aren't really serious We are at a time in our national history tional Policy for recognizing the sig­ about violating SALT II provisions with when maturity is to be expected. But famil­ something called "Dense Pack." iar elements of immaturity are now being nificant contributions of the Honora­ Then the other day my worst suspicions ble Edmund S. Muskie by awarding reflected in our political discourse. They are were realized: Herbert Hoover was resur­ evident in a willingness to declare-quixoti­ him their first Distinguished Public rected as the patron saint of the Commerce Service Award. Further, I would like cally-either our independence from, or our Department, presumably as a Republican dominance of, the rest of the world. Neither to call my colleagues' attention to Sen­ symbol of fiscal responsibility. I began at is a viable option today, yet we waste so ator Muskie's thoughtful remarks on that moment to take the President at his much energy debating the highly improb­ foreign policy upon that occasion. word on foreign policy! able. To add to your anxiety, my historical re­ REMARKS OF THE HON. EDMUND S. MUSKIE, search reveals that President Hoover in Some of us may be too idealistic, some of RECIPIENT OF FIRST DISTINGUISHED PuBLIC 1932, in Geneva, proposed a 30 percent over­ us too cynical, or too selfish. The maturing SERVICE AWARD, CENTER FOR NATIONAL of American foreign policy requires us to all reduction in offensive armaments. If I POLICY look at certain facts about ourselves and told you my real feelings about all this, others. I am deeply moved and honored by this there might be a run on banks tomorrow award. It is of particular significance to me and new shovels issued for civil defense. So I Trying to see the world as is is, if I may that a man I deeply admire-my predecessor won't! But don't wait until the President use a homely analogy, requires a pair of bi­ as Secretary of State, Cy Vance-is Co­ starts parting his hair down the middle! focals. One set of lenses gives us the world Chairman of the Center for National Policy. Seriously though, I find little comfort or in terms of our ideals, the other in terms of He is an all-too-rare example in our system humor in Secretary Haig's confirmation of power. These are the lenses of idealism and of a public servant who resigned-on our government's ineptitude abroad. Let us realism, if you will. grounds of principle-from high office. be clear in one point: we don't want Ronald We have had debates in the United States And, without that example, I could not Reagan remembered in foreign policy the about Wilsonianism, about morality in for­ have resigned from the Senate-on grounds way Herbert Hoover was in domestic policy. eign policy. There was a time not long ago of duty, I assure you-to become Secretary when many Americans believed we had lost of State! Yet, I think Ted Sorensen is right when he argues that the Democratic Party's search our moral bearing. Accusations of Realpoli­ Be assured that in and of itself this award tik gone mad were heard widely. does not transform a politician into a states­ for new directions has focused almost en­ tirely on domestic policy. The American people support the proposi­ man. If Harry Truman was right, I would tion that there must be a moral element, a have to be dead for 10 years to accomplish This is more than a personality or a party problem. Our Nation is seen to frequently very large moral element, in our foreign that. policy. If the distinction between repressive As Secretary of State, I took great conso­ by our friends-and enemies-as inconsist­ ent, unclear and lacking in steadiness. And "authoritarian" and "totalitarian" regimes lation from my political career. It served me means something to the Reagan Adminis­ well in dealing with my counterparts from the unkindest cut of all: we stand accused of acting in a manner contrary to our own in­ tration, it is nevertheless a distinction with­ parliamentary democracies. I felt little need out a difference to many. to become a diplomat . . . and those of you terests. Rather than looking for scapegoats or We do believe in freedom, in democracy, who know me recognize the challenge such we do care what happens to ordinary a transition would have been. making excuses, we should step back and The Nation's foreign policy machinery re­ examine the collective political process people, in all lands. We are, frankly, out­ cently experienced a traumatic breakdown. through which the attitudes of our people raged by what happens to the common Mark Russell may want to re-evaluate his are formed, and on which our Nation's deci­ people in places like Poland, Argentina, observation: "Who would have thought, be­ sions are based. That is more difficult, but South Africa, Afghanistan, Cambodia, and tween Secretaries of State Kissinger and infinitely more cleansing. Lebanon. Any American leader-and any Haig, the one with the accent would be the I want to talk about American maturity­ foreign leader-who turns his back on this one we can understand?" For I never under­ and American lack of maturity-in interna­ reality of American foreign policy is in for a stood AI Haig better than on the day he re­ tional affairs. Most of all, I want to talk surprise . . . and a change. signed. He cited no issue of principle, only about the quality of the dialogue we are car­ Listen to Cyrus Vance: "Championing the pervasive indictment that our highest rying on among ourselves and with our human rights is a national requirement for policymakers had shifted from the careful global co-habitants. I am worried that we a nation with our heritage. Without this course of "consistency, clarity and steadi­ are talking around problems rather than to moral strength ... it would be impossible to ness of purpose." them, trying to put desire in place of fact, have anything called a 'foreign policy' at Succinct and all-encompassing, I could not shibboleth in place of practical problem­ all." have said it better myself. I might have solving. Yet, the spectacles of realism have their been blunter: If we are not going to hell, We must begin with faith in the wisdom uses, too. We live in a world of nation-states, then where the hell are we going, Mr. Presi­ of the American people. Our people have and our duty is to defend American inter­ dent? never been afraid of hard choices when the ests-simultaneously, one hopes, with the After reading over the weekend the talk­ facts are put before them plainly. They do interests of our friends and allies. We need ing paper Secretary-designate Haig pre­ not expect to be talked down to. They are to be aware, looking at the world as it is, pared for his January 6, 1981, meeting with capable of sacrifice, of long-term commit­ that Great Power rivalries will not go away the President-elect, I more fully appreciated ment, if the necessity is explained by credi­ . . . that the role of power will not soon be the limitations of my own power at the ble leadership. They do not want public re­ replaced on the international scene ... that State Department. The Haig paper provided lations "victories" for their Presidents so being strong is still a prerequisite to being a novel concept of "Cabinet Government"­ much as they want, for their country, com­ free and independent. one department, indivisible, under God! On petence and vision and compassion on the But just as contrived perceptions about a reflection, I have decided that I was far too job. Phil Geyelin had it right the other day weak America do not make America weak­ modest when President Carter called. I when he argued that what we are beginning even though perceptions can be dangerous­ asked only for the moon! to see as a wave of criticism of Reagan is not chest-beating rhetoric does not make Amer-

e This "bullet" symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by the Member on the floor. 18688 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 29, 1982 ica strong. We are never so ineffective in the Atlantic Alliance in regard to dealings with One sad result is that, in the case of eyes of the world as we are when our rheto­ the Soviet Union. Historically, we have had Israel, we hear serious public discussion for ric exceeds our capacity to act, or goes our disagreements with the European Allies the first time about the differences between beyond the better judgment expected of us. in peripheral areas-Vietnam and the our respective national interest outweighing What I fear most about the current Ad­ Middle East come to mind. But never before the similarities. But there is some wisdom to ministration is that an old aphorism of Dr. have our views been so divergent when con­ be extracted from the current tragedy. Ben Jonson might come true. He said of sidering policy toward our principal adver­ Our relationship with Israel has rested on public men: "They must create strange sary. no firmer foundation than a moral one. We monsters, and then quell them . . . to make It was the United States, not Europe, that have needed no further justification. their art seem something." led the West in formalizing detente with the Though others, such as the vibrancy of her It is only in putting the idealistic and the U.S.S.R. The Nixon Administration never democracy and the influence of her power-oriented views together that we can intended detente as a policy of appease­ strength, are also valid. Nothing can erase come to grips with the world and see our ment, it was never meant to be a substitute our moral commitment, but harm has been own interests more clearly. In that light, for a tough, realistic approach. It was in­ done. Doubts have been raised. several things need to be said about some stead a pragmatic effort to define the com­ It behooves both our countries to work to important foreign policy problems which petition in terms acceptable to us. contain our differences and to remove the transcend ideological fixations. True, detente was oversold to the Ameri­ doubt. Israel can do this by leaving Lebanon The most troublesome, most vital concern can people. It was not a magic formula for a with all deliberate speed. And the United is our relationship with the Soviet Union. new generation of peace. States can contribute by once again becom­ Yet this relationship is the most difficult to But detente made sense because it offered ing an active partner in the peace process. handle politically. the West some leverage over Soviet conduct, Finally, I must comment on the manage­ When we speak of our relations with the provided the necessary tension was main­ ment of foreign policy, or the lack thereof. other nuclear super-power, what end do we tained between competition and coopera­ For the disarray we find here is also a sign have in mind? When the President speaks tion. And, if we believe in the superiority of of an immature approach. about the Soviet Union, he reminds me of democratic systems, over time it could have The role of government is to govern. The the Roman Senator, Cato the Elder, who worked to undermine the rigidities of totali­ tarianism. American people-especially now that Sec­ ended all his speeches with the ringing in­ Is it the policy of the current Administra­ retary Haig is gone-have a right to know junction, "Carthage must be destroyed!" tion to bring about a major crisis in the Alli­ who is in charge. And so it was. ance simply because, to most Europeans, an I cannot recall in modern times hearing so But this is the nuclear age. Ending the easing of tensions still makes sense? Are we often the excuse that the President cannot competition by eliminating Russia will not to judge a country's fidelity to principle on comment because he has not kept up with work. the basis of a narrow U.S. view of Western events while traveling in Air Force One! Nor can we compel their alien system to interests? How many times have we seen him on the change its stripes, or to collapse, by any The threat to Western unity today is not, evening news caught by surprise by news sudden and immense outpouring of public in my view, the result of nations pursuing from abroad? It is almost as if he is saying funds on defense spending-and by peddling their economic interests. Who is to say to us: "How was I to know, I am only play­ arms indiscriminately. The only rational whether grain sales or energy purchases are ing the part of President?" conclusion, therefore, is to carefully try to of greater consequence? The situation reminds me of a "Peanuts" negotiate a drawdown in the balance of The threat to Western unity lies in the cartoon I was told about the other day. terror so as to avoid armed disaster. failure to accommodate to pluralism. The Lucy was using metaphor to explain life to Now, I acknowledge that the cry "Carth­ threat lies in creating unrealistic standards Charlie Brown: age must be destroyed!" sounds more like a and in seeking to enforce them by unten­ "Charlie, on the great oceans are large screaming eagle than the admonition: "We able means. It is the epitome of hypocrisy ships that carry many passengers. On each must be strong enough and wise enough to for an Administration which espouses the ship there is a sundeck, and on that sundeck keep the peace." But we have to recognize inviolability of the marketplace to seek to the passengers arrange their deck chairs. that our security is tied to that of the Sovi­ disrupt it in Europe. Some place them facing forwards so they ets. We don't want our ultimate fate, and This is not to argue that the market place can see where they are going. Some place theirs, to be the same-a radioactive ash should be the sole-or even the primary­ them facing backwards so they can see heap. determinant of Western interests. We where they have been. Now Charlie, on the Those in the Reagan Administration-es­ cannot be so relaxed about Soviet intentions great ship of life, which way will you face pecially the President-who now conduct as to leave ourselves highly vulnerable to your deck chair, forwards or backwards?" the START negotiations, bear an extraordi­ their unilateral action. It is essential that To which Charlie replied: "I can't even get nary burden before history for having been other countries recognize this as well, if mine unfolded." party to scuttling the SALT process. The they are to protect themselves against po­ I think it is time our President got his for­ current government will have run its course tential blackmail. eign policy deck chair unfolded. Even now, by 1984, and the American people will be en­ At this moment in the Middle East, we are the President acts at times as if he is not as­ titled to ask: What have they done to build facing serious dilemmas as we seek to pro­ sociated with the U.S. government-let a framework that offers more substantial tect American interests. This, too, may be alone the head of its executive branch. It is restraints on the arms race? It will not do to the result of immaturity: the Administra­ as if he is the good spirit disembodied from reject the fruits of years of bargaining­ tion's initial reluctance to accept an achieve­ the evil flesh of government. So much for turning the 1980's into the "lost decade" of ment of American policy-Camp David-ap­ the value of the experience of governing arms control-and to offer nothing more parently because it was a legacy of the that largest state in the union! than a propaganda cover for an effort to other party. It stands out even now as Presi­ This is serious work for serious people. I "win" the next round in the race. dent Carter's greatest contribution to histo­ am afraid I must agree with Norman Pod­ tive slipped from our grasp. No more than international situation [compared to the do­ Those who have caused the arms race to casual interest was expressed in moving mestic economy]." run free now face one test: the prompt ne­ beyond Sinai withdrawal to autonomy talks. Let that one sink in for a while. gotiation of far-reaching limitations. They Without our influence, the parties reverted The Haig resignation reminds us that will discover soon enough that they have to their national tendencies. When the there are some old problems in foreign not re-invented the wheel. "How the West peace process stalled, it was replaced by policy management still around. But the was won" is not the way to save Western anxiety, insecurity, and aggressive behavior. more serious problem for the United States civilization. The Reagan Administration constructed a is the coming to power in the White House (I am encouraged by Mr. Schultz' testimo­ policy of "strategic consensus" on the myth of people who represent a discontinuity in ny yesterday: "An approach to the Soviet that concern over Soviet influence out­ assumptions about the nature of the post­ Union limited to the military dimension will weighed historic regional divisions. As we war world and our role in it-when com­ not satisfy the American people. We must have done so many times in the past, weal­ pared with previous Administrations. The also make it clear that we are prepared to lowed anti-Soviet preoccupations to obscure only way I know how to cope with this-and establish mutually beneficial and safer rela­ a sense of states' primary interests. And we I will admit to a paradox, if not a contradic­ tionships on the basis of reciprocity.") failed to exercise leverage in behalf of our tion-is more strenuous efforts at bipartisan We must also think long and hard about own interest: the maintenance of peace in a consultation. The War Powers Act require­ the policy gap that is developing within the vital region. ments provide a timely proving ground this July 29, 1982 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 18689 week as the executive and legislative through the performance of music. On served. Before those regulations went into branches consider sending Marines into Leb­ this visit, the American Chorale effect, much of the disabled population-es­ anon. Can Warren Christopher's proposed shared American standards and cus­ timated at 1.5 million in California, 35 mil­ "compact in foreign affairs" between the toms while, at the same time, exposing lion nationwide-simply could not use many branches function in a situation where of the education, health, welfare, and trans­ there is a clear danger of "imminent in­ the participating students to British portation services the rest of the population volvement in hostilities" and the President society and values. takes for granted. And if the Reagan admin­ should want-not just be required-to share The A YSBC has received numerous istration succeeds in making the changes in the decision on troop commitment with awards and honors both in the United the regulations that it recently proposed, it Congress? I hope so. George Shultz' experi­ States and abroad. The group has will be pushing the disabled back into that ence should help the President work across been given nine George Washington unfair situation. the lines in a government where separate in­ Medals of Honor presented by the Under the civil rights provisions of the stitutions share power and in which consti­ Freedoms Foundation at Valley Forge. 1973 Rehabilitation Act, any agency that re­ tutional law has a central place. There are ceives federal funds must accommodate the more years of experience, and collective Awards have also been bestowed by 10 disabled. The regulations that have been wisdom, in Congress than can ever be as­ European governments and the U.S. written to enforce that act are not rigid: A sembled in a four-year Administration. Congress. school need not put in an elevator when it President Reagan can succeed if he under­ Mrs. Nora Burridge was selected as has a student in a wheel chair; but it must stands that many who did not work for his the director of the American Chorale at least arrange his or her classes and activi­ election are prepared to work for his success due to her success as associate conduc­ ties to be on the first floor. A federally as President of all the people. I appeal to tor of the Delaware Valley Symphonic funded agency need only make "reasonable him, in the year of the F. D. R. centennial, Band European concert tours of 1975, accommodations" for disabled employees. to study what President Roosevelt did in Under the federal rules, local transportation 1940 in reaching out to construct a biparti­ 1978, and 1981. Mrs. Burridge is an jurisdictions need not equip buses and sub­ san foreign policy. Reach out now, because honors graduate of the Pennsylvania ways for the disabled; they need only make the going will get tougher. State University in music education some, undefined "special effort" to serve As we worry about perceptions of weak­ and she received a master of music his­ them. Yet apparently even this is too much ness-as we fret about our vulnerabilities tory degree from Temple University. for the Reagan administration. and focus on our deficiencies-we would do Presently, Mrs. Burridge teaches The Justice Department in January pro­ well to look at ourselves as a nation the way music appreciation and serves as chair­ posed to change the definition of "disabled FDR looked upon himself as a man. man of the music department at person" so that only those who can be Despite his crippled condition, he stood as accommodated "without burden" by the a confident symbol of what this land ought Ridley South Junior High School in agency involved will be protected by the Re­ to be. Haynes Johnson recently wrote from Ridley Park, Pa. habilitation Act. Under existing regulations, Campobello: "The FDR legacy most worth I am proud to invite my colleagues an agency must show that it is adequately remembering involves a state of mind.... to join me in congratulating this group able to serve the disabled. With the pro­ Millions of Americans never thought of him of talented young musicians as they posed changes in regulations, the burden of as crippled. Instead of becoming an object return from a highly successful and proof would be shifted to the disabled cli­ of suffering and weakness, he became the enjoyable tour.e ents themselves, who would have to show symbol of optimism and strength for a that accommodating them would not cost nation experiencing its gravest challenges at too much. It's a shift that could spell the home and abroad." RIGHTS OF THE DISABLED end of accommodation. To those here tonight who have em­ The Justice Department's January pro­ barked, as I have before, on the long road to posal would also significantly reduce em­ the White House: have confidence in our HON. TONY COELHO ployment protections for the disabled. The people ... inform their discretion ... speak OF CALIFORNIA proposed regulations would continue prohi­ to them forthrightly about the realities. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES bitions against hiring discrimination, but And as you campaign for our highest office, Thursday, July 29, 1982 would no longer require federally funded remember FDR's advice: "The future lies agencies to take the extra step of "reason­ with those wise political leaders who realize e Mr. COELHO. Mr. Speaker, I would ably accommodating" disabled employees. that the great public is more interested in like to share with my colleagues an And without this, nondiscrimination is vir­ government than in politics." editorial which appeared in the Fresno tually meaningless. Thank you.e Bee concerning the guidelines affect­ This month the Office of Management ing the rights of the disabled. Section and Budget went even further. It suggested 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 new regulations that delete any mention of IN HONOR OF THE AMERICAN employment protections. And it proposed CHORALE is the major Federal law prohibiting that agencies receiving federal funds should discrimination against disabled per­ not have to accommodate disabled clients sons. It guarantees that all handi­ who the agencies feel "could not make a HON. BOB EDGAR capped individuals must have equal productive contribution to society." The dis­ OF PENNSYLVANIA opportunity to participate in programs abled client, thus, would be in the position IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES receiving Federal financial assistance. of having to demonstrate that he or she is Thursday, July 29, 1982 As I understand, the Reagan admin­ worthy, literally, of getting in the door. istration is conducting an intense These are drastidc reactions to a few ad­ e Mr. EDGAR. Mr. Speaker, it is with review of the section 504 guidelines. I mittedly absurd-and well-publicized-cases great pleasure that I announce the perpetrated under the existing Rehabilita­ am deeply concerned about many of tion Act. The truth is that the case of the successful completion of the 1982 Eu­ these proposed changes which are cir­ ropean tour of the American Chorale. school that hired a full-time interpreter for culating through the various agencies one hearing-impaired student, or the county The group returned this week from a for review and comment. I feel these that activist disable groups asked to rebuild goodwill concert tour of England, revisions, if implemented, could endan­ an entire courthouse facade to accommo­ Scotland, and Wales. It performed ger the civil rights protections which date wheel chairs, are aberrations. The ex­ contemporary, mostly American, were hard won by the disabled com­ isting federal regulations do not require pieces that ranged from sacred work munity over the recent years. such costly and inefficient solutions to the to show music and jazz. access problem. The American Chorale is under the [From the Fresno Bee, May 1, 19821 Reform of the Rehabilitation Act's regula­ auspices of the American Youth Sym­ RIGHTS OF THE DISABLED tions to reduce confusion about its limits, to It's been largely because of federal regula­ curb the excessive demands that are some­ phony, Band and Chorus. The A YSBC tions that agencies that serve the public times made in its name, could be useful. The and its related organizations are dedi­ now provide ramps and lifts for those con­ administration, however, has gone much cated to the development of American fined to wheel chairs, sign interpreters or further, proposing virtually to eliminate the youth and the furtherance of world­ telecommunications devices for the hearing­ only legal tools the disabled now have for wide peace and understanding. Tbe impaired and a host of smaller accommoda­ wrenching changes from the agencies that students strive for this admirable goal tions so that the disabled public can also be are supposed to serve them. Nothing that 18690 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 29, 1982 has happened under the Rehabilitation Act The Clinch River breeder reactor is have not been able to determine what justifies such a draconian step.e not only an economic boondoggle, it is causes this deficiency. a technological dinosaur and a threat It takes a great deal of strength and SWAN SONG FOR CLINCH RIVER to public safety. Contracts have been willpower for any patient and his signed for steam generators despite family to fight a disease which cannot HON. LES AuCOIN warnings by the General Accounting be cured. For this reason, one of the Office that these generators are safety most important therapeutic treat­ OF OREGON risks and require more testing. ments is emotional support in meeting IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The President's zeal for funding this the stress of the illness, is compre­ Thursday, July 29, 1982 project flies in the face of his so-called hending its nature, and in carrying on e Mr. AuCOIN. Mr. Speaker, the free market energy philosophy. While courageously in spite of it. Particular­ Clinch River breeder reactor is back the administration has abandoned ly for Parkinson's disease, the severity for another round of funding. And its support for energy conservation, re­ of the symptoms are considerably in­ supporters stand ready to dig ever newable energy, and alternative fluenced by emotional factors and can deeper into the Federal coffers to keep energy sources in the name of Adam be aggravated by anxiety, tension, and this nuclear Edsel alive. Smith's invisible hand, it has conspicu­ unhappiness. But, there is simply no compelling lously requested the Nuclear Regula­ I would urge my colleagues to sup­ reason to develop this reactor. The tory Commission to exempt the reac­ port House Joint Resolution 531 as a Clinch Ri.ver breeder reactor was orig­ tor from standard licensing procedures way of showing Parkinson patients inally designed to meet a sharp rise in to expedite construction. that we care enough to recognize the demand for nuclear-generated electric­ The Clinch River breeder reactor many obstacles they must overcome ity and a critical shortage or uranium will not lessen our dependence on for­ and we encourage efforts to find a to fuel that demand. That was a eign oil demand. U.S. oil demand is cure for this disease.e decade ago. Today, things have largely for transportation, not electric­ changed. ity. If the $2.5 billion required to Breeder reactors are not going to be finish the project were instead spent HUNTINGTON WOODS: CELE- needed in the foreseeable future for on insulating American homes, we BRATING 50 YEARS OF CIVIC either nuclear fuel or electrical would save the equivalent of 48 million INNOVATION AND COMFORTA­ energy. Domestic uranium reserves barrels of oil each year for the next 25 BLE LIVING have almost doubled in the last 10 years, without risking the dangers years and electrical growth rates have that lurk in the proliferation of pluto­ HON.JAMESJ.BLANCHARD dropped below 3 percent annually-a nium for nuclear weapons and bombs. OF MICHIGAN trend that is expected to continue. Last year, we failed to bury Clinch IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The Department of Energy's own River by only 20 votes in the House Thursday, July 29, 1982 blue-ribbon Energy Research Advisory and just 2 votes in the Senate. This Board ranked the Clinch River breed­ year I urge my colleagues to join me in • Mr. BLA?-JCHARD. Mr. Speaker, on er reactor as a low-priority item. singing a swan song for Clinch River.e August 22, 1982, the community of The cost overruns on the project are Huntington Woods, Michigan will cele­ astounding. When the Clinch River brate the 50th Anniversary of its in­ breeder reactor project was initially NATIONAL PARKINSON'S corporation as a city. conceived, it was going to cost $400 DISEASE WEEK Huntington Woods has long been million. Today, the price tag is more recognized as a unique and innovative than $3 billion and key components of HON. DAN COATS community, not only in the Detroit the reactor, such as steam generators, OF INDIANA area, but throughout Michigan as well. are coming in years late and 1,000 per­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES A major example of city government cent over cost. innovation credited to Huntington Even the utility industry has given Thursday, July 29, 1982 Woods is the adoption of the commis­ up its front-row seats in the cheering • Mr. COATS. Mr. Speaker, House sion/manager plan for local govern­ section. When the project was first Joint Resolution 531, introduced by ment. Huntington Woods is one of the borne, the utility industry contribu­ Congressman CLAUDE PEPPER, desig­ first communities in Michigan to oper­ tion was placed at 50 percent. That in­ nates the week beginning October 24, ate under this plan, adopted as a char­ vestment commitment has now 1982, as "National Parkinson's Disease ter in 1932 at the time that Hunting­ dropped to less than 10 percent which Week." I am cosponsoring the legisla­ ton Woods was incorporated as a city. leaves the American taxpayer to tion because I feel it is important that Huntington Woods owes a great deal shoulder 90 percent of the cost. we nationally recognize the ongoing of its growth and success as a city to The administration has bought into efforts to combat this disease. the charter which brought about the the project over the objections its own Parkinson's disease is a disabling dis­ commission/manager form of govern­ Budget Director, David Stockman. In order of the centeral nervous system. ment. Under this charter, control of fact, Mr. Stockman, admitted that the The chief symptoms are tremors and the city lies with the manager and inclusion of the Clinch River project slowness of movement. The patient four commissioners, all of whom are in the administration's budget last may also be disabled by stiffness of elected on a 4-year basis. The mayor year was a concession to the Senate the muscles and have difficulty in ini­ and commissioners are responsible for majority leader, HOWARD BAKER. "I tiating movement. the adoption of city policies based just got out of the way." Stockman Parkinson's disease is common but upon the desires and needs expressed said. I can only say that millions of el­ because it is not contagious and often by the citizens of the community. derly citizens whose health care funds not diagnosed, it is not known exactly Also, it is the responsibility of the were cut would wish that Mr. Stock­ how many people are affected. Howev­ major and city commissioners to ap­ man would make such concessions for er, it is estimated that as many as 1¥2 point a city manager. It is the duty of them instead. million people in the United States the city manager to implement the It is too bad for America, too, that suffer from Parkinson's disease. policies and objectives of the city com­ Mr. HOWARD BAKER'S pet project Was Unfortunately, the cause of the dis­ mission, and to accept responsibility not solar or renewable energy; why is ease is still unknown. Biochemical for the task of daily city administra­ it that political backscratching never studies show that there is a deficiency tion. seems to benefit the causes that will of a substance necessary for transmis­ In addition to the commission/man­ do the Nation the most good? sion of nerve impulses but researchers ager plan, another unique aspect of July 29, 1982 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 18691 Huntington Woods is the public safety The south Oakland County town, lying Police Sgt. Gerald Jeffrey, a 14-year resi­ department. The Huntington Woods between Woodward and Coolidge, Ten Mile dent. "I think it's got kind of a hometown, Public Safety Department is actually a and Eleven Mile, measures hardly more small town atmosphere but it's still close to than a square mile. There are fewer than the big city." combined police and fire department, 8,000 residents and many of them move and members are trained in both from house to house in Huntington Woods "A SPECIAL PLACE IN TIME"-HUNTINGTON police work and firefighting. Hunting­ as their families grow larger. WOODS, MICH. ton Woods is one of only a few cities in "The people who live there just don't Although Huntington Woods is one of our the United States with a combined want to move away," said real estate agent smaller area communities, WQRS wishes to police and fire department, and like Barbara Reiner. "Last week we had a listing award a "Special Place in Time" in recogni­ the commission/manager plan, this ar­ for a three-bedroom ranch, $69,900, that tion of its cultural programs. One of the rangement has proved successful over was gone in less than two hours. It sold for most recent was to secure a set of stained the years. price and terms, no bargaining." glass windows for the library, with the as­ The success of these programs and The South Oakland County Board of Re­ sistance of a grant from the Michigan Coun­ altors listing book, for example, now has cil for the Arts. This artwork was created by other community service has been nine Huntington Woods homes listed, as vital to a city like Huntington Woods the Glass Department of Detroit's Center compared with more than 100 for Oak Park, for Creative Studies under the direction of which has experienced substantial a neighboring suburb with 38,000 people. Herb Babcock. These windows now provide growth. Half of the Huntington Woods properties an enriching, inspiring experience. Since its incorporation into a city in were sold by the time the book came out. The Huntington Woods Art League has 1932, Huntington Woods has grown "We're seeing a lot of young professionals sponsored an Annual Art Fair and auction from a village with 160 homes and asking for Huntington Woods," Ms. Reiner for twenty years; and, during the summer, about 500 people to a city with 2,469 said. "In order to go out to West Bloomfield regular "Concerts in the Park" at Lincoln homes and 6,937 people, according to the prices they'd have to pay are exorbitant. and Scotia are scheduled with the coopera­ 1980 census figures. The Huntington It's still high in Huntington Woods but they tion of the Detroit Federation of Musicians' can get in there for $65,000 or $70,000." Concert Band for area residents. Woods residents take pride in the fact When the city manager took a new job re­ that their city was able to meet the in­ Timeless FM-105 salutes the City of Hun­ cently, three neighbors were at his house tington Woods; it has earned a "Special creasing demands caused by this saying "I have a friend who wants to buy Place in Time."e growth, and in addition, even provide your house" before it even hit the market. new services. Among the more recent Most people don't bother to advertise in the services are free snow removal from newspaper and some don't even post for sale PERSONAL EXPLANATION streets and sidewalks, community signs in the front yard. Taxes are comparable to those of sur­ meeting rooms, a library, seven tennis rounding suburbs but the little extras are HON. GARY A. LEE courts and a swimming pool. There are what people say keeps them coming back: also a number of civic organizations OF NEW YORK guaranteed, once-a-week garbage pickup IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES available for residents, including the that doesn't cost extra as in some cities, free Women's Club, the Study Club, the snow removal from streets and sidewalks, Thursday, July 29, 1982 Optimists Club, the Men's Club, and police services like scheduled surveillance of e Mr. LEE. Mr. Speaker, due to offi­ the Seed and Sod Club to name only a houses when owners are on vacation and a cial business, I was unable to cast my few. reserve corps that patrols on weekend votes on rollcall Nos. 223, 224, and 225. I know that the citizens of Hunting­ nights, and a cultural center with a library, seven tennis courts and a swimming pool Had I been present, Mr. Speaker, I ton Woods take pride in the accom­ ductive capacity to handle such a massive Logistics Agency. World attention has been focused on the influx of people. Also diversification of defense pro­ fate of the 6,000 PLO terrorists in West A final point is that Jordan is already a curement practices is of significant na­ Beirut. Underlying the issue of their final "homeland" for the Palestinian people, destination is the question of where the Pal­ tional importance. The opportunity estinian people should go, whether or not a Jordan was part of traditional Palestine; the presented by the Stratton amendment "Palestinian state" should be established. majority of the present day population are will assist with meeting our growing Unfortunately, this question is often Palestinian Arabs. Palestinian refugees were economic and military needs without phrased in such a manner as to imply that granted citizenship in Jordan and many gov­ costs to either the overall budget or Israel alone is responsible for finding a solu­ ernment leaders are Palestinians. the defense budget. By spreading pro­ tion. In sum, Palestinians already live through­ curement opportunities throughout To understand the "Palestinian question," out the Arab world and have citizenship in it is essential to analyze the history of the Jordan. They form the majority of the Jor­ the United States, we can actually issue. The problem stems from the fact that danian population. The refugee issue ought achieve cost savings in nonstrategic approximately 600,000 arabs left what is to be settled in accordance with the plans goods by insuring competition. Con­ now Israel in the late 1940s. Most left set forward at Camp David, possibly result­ tracts can only be set aside if enough during and after the War for Israeli Inde­ ing in some form of confederation of the bids are submitted to provide both pendence 0947-48), largely at the urging of West Bank and Jordan. Obviously this competition and reasonable prices. Arab nations, which pledged that they could would involve bringing Jordan into Michigan is economically depressed. state was destroyed. These Palestinians sought to escape the fighting and find the peace process. The solution to the ques­ Continuation of the test program will refuge with their Arab brethren. This figure tion is complicated, but possible. It would assist Michigan employers in providing should be compared with the approximately involve the participation and good will of employment possibilities. I strongly 600,000 Jews who were expelled from vari­ the Arab nations. Now that the PLO has support this action and am pleased by ous Arab states and immigrated to Israel. been removed as a mil1tary power in the the passage of the amendment by Mr. region, a force capable of blackmailing Arab The Arabs who left Israel in the 1940s STRATTON•• were only a small fraction of the approxi­ nations into support, it is possible that mately 40 million refugees worldwide who Jordan and Saudi Arabia will finally be will­ were forced to find new homes in the same ing to negotiate with Israel. WORLD LOAN RESPONSIBILITY time period. The Palestinians are virtually • gees" as an act of policy. They decided to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES leave the burden of caring for Arab refugees Thursday, July 29, 1982 with the world community in general to be handled by the United Nations Relief and e Mr. PAUL. Mr. Speaker, on July 7 Works Agency. the New York Times carried a fasci­ When discussing the problem of the Pales- nating article by Karin Lissakers on tinians, it is important to remember that the imminent crisis in the banking in- July 29, 1982 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 18699 dustry stemming from international The Fed can ignore the German argu­ BALTIC NATIONS loan difficulties. In her words, the ment, but it cannot ignore the fundamental German position on dollar-demoninat­ issue. While the direct East European loan ed loans "would make the Fed the exposure of United States banks is a rela­ HON. MARGARET M. HECKLER tively modest $7 billion, their indirect expo­ OF MASSACHUSETTS lender of last resort for all interna­ sure through the interbank market is enor­ tional banks with Eurodollar loans on mous. American banks have not only made IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES their books-loans that now total loans to Poland and the rest, they have also Wednesday, July 28, 1982 more than $1 trillion. made loans to other Western banks that "The Fed," Lissakers writes, "can have in turn lent to Eastern Europe. e Mrs. HECKLER. Mr. Speaker, 60 ignore the German argument, but it European banks have some $40 billion out years ago the United States officially cannot ignore the fundamental issue. to the East bloc. European banking authori­ recognized the free Baltic govern­ While the direct East European loan ties have assured the United States that ments of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithua­ exposure of the U.S. banks is a rela­ none of their banks would be rendered insol­ nia. At that time, these three nations tively modest $7 billion, their indirect vent by having to write off the Polish loans. had celebrated 4 years of their inde­ exposure through the interbank But a simultaneous default or even ex­ pendence from czarist Russia. market is enormous. American banks tended payment arrearages by Poland, Ru­ But their freedom was short-lived. mania and Hungary, for example, could be a In 1940, the Soviet Union rolled over have not only made loans to Poland different story . aggression pacts they had signed, have in turn lent to Eastern Europe." If some European banks experience liquid­ ending their brief era of freedom, and Those who have warned about a ity problems because the Communist coun­ designating them as Soviet republics. cash inflation have usually focused tries are not paying on time, United States The United States has never ac­ their attention solely on domestic banks could become involved via the intri­ knowledged the Soviet takeover. banking failures. Lissakers points out cate web of interbank loans, revolving cred­ Indeed, we still recognize the legations that the whole house of paper could its and overnight placements that link the of these governments as being the easily be toppled, not just from Okla­ global capital market. legal representatives of Estonia, homa City, but from Bonn, Paris, or This interbank market increases the effi­ Latvia, and Lithuania-nations which London. ciency of the world economy by allowing once were free and must regain their the excess savings in one part of the globe freedom. ECONOMIC SCENE-WORLD LoAN to move swiftly to borrowers in another. RESPONSIBILITY And the intermediation of a chain of banks That is why we rise again today-to The Polish debt crisis has once again between the depositors and ultimate bor­ keep that flame of freedom alive. raised the question of who stands behind rowers spreads the risk of international These three nations along the Baltic the offshore transactions of private com­ lending. "Wholesale" lending by banks to Sea have longstanding traditions of mercial banks when large loan losses may other banks, in fact, accounts for 70 percent democracy. In over 40 years of Soviet threaten their solvency. In 1974, after the Eurocurrency market was virtually para­ of the Euro-currency market. domination and tyranny, they have lyzed by the collapse of a small West But many banking experts have come to maintained their commitment to free­ German bank, Herstatt, which was heavily regard the interbank market as the Achilles' dom, despite all the Soviet attempts to involved in foreign exchange speculation, heel of the international financial system. obliterate it. the central banks of the major industrial For if the interbank market can swiftly The Baltic peoples have preserved countries announced that each of them transmit funds from one part of the system their religious and cultural identities. would come to the rescue of any bank in its to another, it can just as rapidly transmit­ Although thousands have become po­ jurisdiction if that bank's liquidity problems and spread through the system-the prob­ threatended to destabilize international fi­ lems of any one bank. litical prisoners, more and more of nancial markets. The market can lose confidence in a bank their countrymen and countrywomen The central bankers were deliberately that is known to have large loan losses. The rise to take their places. We must vague about the details of this so-called bank then may find that deposits that were focus the attention of the world on Basel concordat, not wishing, they said, to routinely renewed at maturity are now with­ their struggle. give the commercial banks the impression drawn, and other banks close off needed As a member of the Ad Hoc Congres­ that they would be bailed out whatever lines of credit. Suddenly the bank cannot sional Committee on the Baltic States their folly. Supervisory responsiblity for meet its obligations to other depositors and and Ukraine, and as a cosponsor of H. foreign branches was assigned to the home banks from which it has borrowed; banks Res. 256, reaffirming our commitment country of the parent bank while foreign that were counting on these payments in subsidiaries were to be supervised where turn find themselves scrambling for funds to the independence of these brave na­ they did business. But the central banks left to cover the unexpected shortfall and so on tions, I call upon all of my colleagues open the question of whether these allotted along the chain. in the House of Representatives to pay supervisory responsibilities included keeping The result is sudden contraction of the tribute to Estonia, Latvia, and Lithua­ a failing bank afloat as the "lender of last market. Herstatt's collapse instantly caused nia. By such tribute, we pledge that resort." the Euro-currency market to shrink by 50 they will not be forgotten.e German bank loans to Poland-the big­ percent. gest chunk of Polish debt-were booked Swift intervention by a central bank to mostly through the Luxembourg subsidiar­ SAFE HARBOR LEASING MORE ies of German banks. A number of these cover the obligations of an insolvent com­ loans were denominated in dollars. The mercial bank can isolate the problem and COST EFFICIENT THAN LEVER­ Bundesbank is having a row with its banks keep a single failure from rippling through AGED LEASING about consolidating the Luxembourg sub­ the system. But no central bank may answer sidiaries with their parents to make them the bell in the absence of prior agreement HON. DON BAILEY subject to German inspection and regula­ on who is responsible. tion. Citibank's Walter Wriston said in 1979, OF PENNSYLVANIA Perhaps for that reason, the German au­ "Whether we like it or not, mankind now IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES thorities have taken the position that any li­ has a completely integrated, international quidity problems arising from the dollar financial and informational marketplace ca­ Thursday, July 29, 1982 loans of these German subsidiaries in Lux­ pable of moving money and ideas to any e Mr. BAILEY of Pennsylvania. Mr. embourg should be the responsibility of the place on this planet in minutes." The ma­ Speaker, we are now considering the United States Federal Reserve, not the chine is also capable of stopping. Mr. Wris­ Bundesbank. This would make the Fed the ton and his colleagues-whether they like it pros and cons of safe harbor leasing as lender of last resort for all international or not-need the kind of government regula­ opposed to leveraged leasing. I would banks with Eurodollar loans on their books tion and support that prevent abuse of the like to include the following facts com­ loans that now total more than a trillion system when everybody is happy and keep paring the two methods of financing dollars. the wheels turning when everyone is sad.e into the RECORD. 18700 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 29, 1982 Few industries have more massive VIEWERS' GUIDE TO THE TELE­ Member on the Republican side), committee capital formation and investment VISED PROCEEDINGS OF THE members, and staff specialists sit here when needs in the years immediately ahead U.S. HOUSE OF REPRESENTA­ a bill from the committee is being consid­ TIVES ered. than do the U.S. airlines. Two basic Above the Chamber is the gallery. The options are available for financing the section of the gallery behind the Speaker's new technology aircraft which are HON. WILLIAM LEHMAN rostrum is reserved for the press-reporters substantially quieter and more fuel ef­ OF FLORIDA and journalists representing newspapers di­ ficient. These are safe harbor leasing IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES rectly above the Speaker's chair, periodical and leveraged leasing. The following press to the left, and radio and television Thursday, July 29, 1982 network personnel to the right. Most of the example illustrates the clear economic • Mr. LEHMAN. Mr. Speaker, many gallery seating is for the public and staff. advantage of safe harbor leasing as­ subscribers of cable television in our suming the purchase of a B-757 air­ THE SPEAKER AND OFFICERS OF THE HOUSE congressional district are interested in The Speaker of the House is the elected craft costing $50 million, leased over the coverage of the House of Repre­ presiding officer. The Speaker may call an 18-year period. sentatives. Sometimes the procedures Members of his own party to the Chair at Under leveraged leasing the cost of a on the floor of the House can seem various points during the daily sessions. B-757 is $50 million, the lease/finance quite complicated. To help viewers, we Also, he may designate a Speaker pro tem­ charge $73,111,000, the option pur­ are therefore including in the RECORD pore . Since the be at no cost and $15 million would be taining a copy of this new guide can received from sale of tax benefits. Speaker is also a Member of the House, he write to the Roosevelt Center for may vote on all questions but does so rarely Thus the leveraged lease method of fi­ American Policy Studies, 316 Pennsyl­ except to break a tie or to add the prestige nancing will cost $22.5 million more vania Avenue SE., suite 500, Washing­ of his vote to the question. per aircraft for financing charges than ton, D.C. 20003. My office also has sev­ The Speaker must leave the Chair and safe harbor leasing. eral copies available. designate another Member to preside when the House resolves itself into the Commit­ CONCLUSION I am hopeful that this information tee of the Whole House on the State of the Using safe harbor leasing to finance will help to clarify for viewers the leg­ Union. The House conducts much of its the purchase of a $50 million aircraft islative process that takes place on the business in this hybrid form. The "Commit­ would save an airline $22.5 million floor of the House. tee of the Whole" is a parliamentary device versus using leveraged leasing. The guide follows: with its own rules, more restrictive than those which govern the House, which The Nation's airlines, from 1982 HOUSE CHAMBER AND SEATING OF MEMBERS The House of Representatives meets in enable it to expedite consideration of major through 1985, have some 400 aircraft the Capitol in a room called the Hall of the bills. on order or option which could be af­ House of Representatives, but commonly The Parliamentarian is seen to the left of fected. These orders and options known as the House Chamber. the Speaker. His function is to advise the amount to $15 billion. The presiding officer sits in the front of the Cham­ on parliamentary questions. In addition, he Retention of safe harbor leasing is ber at a desk elevated on a rostrum. Also on prepares compilations of the precedents of critical if the airlines are to proceed this rostrum are seats for the Parliamentar­ the House, and, under the Speaker's direc­ with the planned purchase of these ian, the Sergeant at Arms, the Clerk of the tion refers introduced legislation and other billions of dollars worth of aircraft. House, and a number of clerks and pages. communications to the appropriate commit­ Tens of thousands of manufacturing Each person on the rostrum has a defined tees. It is the Speaker who will announce role in the flow of activity in the Chamber. decisions on points of order, but usually his jobs would be lost if airlines are forced For the Officers of the House these duties announcement will reflect the Parliamen­ to cancel or defer delivery of these air­ are prescribed by House Rules. For the tarian's advice, and very rarely is a Parlia­ craft. staffs of these Officers-the clerks and mentarian's counsel rejected. The new technology of the aircraft pages-the duties represent extensions of Another person vital to the conduct of on order is badly needed to replace an their supervising Officer and have come business is the Sergeant at Arms who must about primarily as legislative activity in­ enforce House Rules and maintain decorum aging airline fleet, provide quieter air­ creased through the years. in the Chamber. In his keeping is the Mace, craft as required by law, and replace Members of the House sit on the benches prime symbol of parliamentary power and inefficient older jets with new ones placed in a semi-circle around the rostrum. authority. which are 30 percent more fuel effi­ A central aisle divides the seats used by Beside him sits the Speaker's Page, actual­ cient. Democratic Members from the ly on the staff of the Doorkeeper, but as­ seats of the Republican Members . This division gives rise to a common munication needs during each day's session. rently planned aircraft not only this Congression phrase "My respected colleague If you watch the beginning of a day's ses­ year but in the years ahead is depend­ across the aisle" which is a polite way of sion, you will see the Chaplain of the House ent on retaining safe harbor leasing. If saying "from the opposing party." Seats are that tellers (from opposing sides of the question> er who is really on the staff of the Parlia­ represent the day's proceedings. These col­ who count . major actions for the House Digest. The last corded Vote.> To the right of the Clerk's seat you will seat seen to the left is used by the Bill Voice Vote . These pages provide to those on the upon introduction . The Without Objection -Used in lieu of a vote on noncontro­ day's session. They also transport input tions being introduced but also other items versial measures. If no Member voices an from the floor to the reading Clerks, and like lists of co-sponsors and texts of amend­ objection, motions, amendments or bills are operate the legislative lights and bells signal ments to be published in the Congressional thus passed in either the House or the system which alerts Members away from Record. Senate.e the Chamber concerning actions such as THE ELECTRONIC VOTING SYSTEM votes, quorum calls, or adjournment. On January 23, 1973, the House of Repre­ Also among the people you will see are the sentatives for the first time voted by means VISIT TO LEBANON Doorkeeper and members of his staff who of a computer-based electronic voting deliver official messages to the House the length of time required for a quorum and escort official visitors. The Doorkeeper call or recorded vote and to improve the ac­ OF ILLINOIS is the Officer of the House who supervises curacy of the process. Before 1973, the roll­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the Cloakrooms adjacent to the Chamber, call of Member's names, repeated twice as Thursday, July 29, 1982 makes arrangements for Joint Sessions and the House Rules demand, took at least 35-45 Joint Meetings of Congress, and issues all minutes to complete. e Mr. DERWINSKI. Mr. Speaker, in House gallery passes. Using the electronic system the process is the "Personal Views" section of the The middle level of the Speaker's rostrum usually completed in 15 minutes. In addi­ is occupied by the Clerk of the House in the July 26th Chicago Sun-Times, David tion, the system provides information dis­ V. Kahn reports of his recent visit to person of his agents-the Journal Clerk, play and recordkeeping abilities to support Tally Clerk, and Reading Clerk. Also, this strife-torn Lebanon. David Kahn is a other aspects of House business. Chicago attorney and president of the level houses the Clerk's lectern from which Forty-four voting stations are attached to business is read to the House and other ac­ the backs of benches located throughout midwest region of the American tions are announced. the Chamber. Each station has three push­ Jewish Congress. To the left of the Clerk's lectern is seen buttons for vote options: Yea , and Present for itself and does not need any fur­ quorum calls, relying now most of the time illuminated whenever the station is "open" which he controls through a computer ter­ insert it at this point for the Members' envy of what we have achieved? Have PLO had oppressed these Shiite Moslems we failed to communicate what we and Christians and committed unspeakable stand for? Do Americans abroad, in­ crimes and depredations. The Syrians were HON. JOHN EDWARD PORTER cluding our business interests, under­ equally hated. A major concern of these OF ILLINOIS people: The PLO and Syrians might some­ cut the meaning of our country to how return. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES others? Do leaders of aspiring coun­ By some marvelous coincidence, our hitch­ Thursday, July 29, 1982 tries fear the personal freedom that hiker was the son of a Chicago lawyer and we stand for? had immigrated to Israel during the 1970s. e Mr. PORTER. Mr. Speaker, the Whatever the answers may be, one He had engaged in awesome battles; in one, United States was fashioned out of a thing is certain-we must step back for 30 Israeli tanks encountered and put out of revolution against oppression and colo­ a few moments from putting out all commission some 150 Syrian tanks. nialism. We established a democratic the fires around the world and direct " If you carry a message to my friends in republic and structured political and Chicago, tell them that for me the fear is economic systems based on personal our attention to this central basic not so great," he told me. "You see, I am freedom and the opportunity of problem of our foreign relations. If we the driver at the bottom of the tank, so I upward mobility for every person. don't, all that we attempt to do year can't see what the enemy is doing." after year will continue to show the He confirmed what we had been told at all We have lived our dream of liberty same poor harvest. levels of Israeli army command. Each sol­ and freedom for over 200 years, not It seems to me that the entire for­ dier had strict orders to do everything possi­ perfectly to be sure, but always work­ eign policy of the United States must ble to keep civilian casualties to a minimum. ing toward perfection. We have ended be reexamined and redefined. What The soldiers knew these orders would cost slavery, expanded personal freedom, Israeli lives, and they did. There has been we are doing, we are clearly not doing extended suffrage, and fought against well. Surely with so much to offer on no movement to change the orders. discrimination. Our free economy, Make no mistake. What the Israelis call our side and so little on the other, the "Operation Peace for Galilee" is an all-out though from time to time having its contest for leadership among emerg­ war. People are killed in such a war, and problems, as now, has outproduced ing peoples should be no contest. Un­ buildings destroyed. The Israeli soldiers every other on Earth and provided the fortunately, the contest is very real.e fight hard and are certainly not always American people with a standard of gentle with their enemy. But the ex-Chica­ living that is unsurpassed. go tank driver and the citizens of Lebanon Nor has there been a nation more REMOVING A THREAT TO give us pause to reflect: Have we in America compassionate toward others less for­ NATIONAL SECURITY been properly and accurately informed tunate, indeed, more compassionate about this war? Thoughtful and well-researched articles towards its enemies, than ours. HON. EDWIN B. FORSYTHE are now beginning to appear that demon­ Yet when we look at our chief com­ OF NEW JERSEY strate the reported casualties were incred­ petition for the hearts and minds of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ibly inflated-by as much as 10 times or mankind, we find in the Soviet Union more. And it is now clear that the PLO had an economy that does not-and never Thursday, July 29, 1982 huge stores of armaments for offensive pur­ will-work, a repressive and meanspir­ e Mr. FORSYTHE. Mr. Speaker, on poses. ited society in which the state comes July 28, my statement "We Have Try to remember: Was there significant first and the individual last, one in Gotten the Shelf Off of the Shelf" ap­ background reporting during the first two weeks of the war? Something setting in per­ which the personal freedoms to speak peared in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, spective that the Arab nations, with the late and write and worship and travel, and concerned itself with the impor­ exception of Egypt, regard themselves at which we take for granted in America, tance of the administration's new OCS war with Israel? Were there reminders that simply do not exist. 5-year leasing schedule which became the PLO is unremittingly dedicated to the How is it then, in the contest to cap­ final on July 21 of this year. annihilation of Israel by any means? ture and lead the spirit and aspira­ In that statement I made reference Israel's response to the shellings and at­ tions of the common people of the to various newspaper articles that sup­ tempted assassinations and its final cam­ world-people emerging from centur­ ported the 5-year program, explained paign to remove the PLO from a bordering country have been represented as acts of ies of oppression and hunger-that we its provisions, and outlined the fact wholesale carnage and attempted genocide. always seem to be losing. How is it that the biggest hindrance to the or­ In the wake of these charges, Israel is now that in the United Nations it is our derly accelerated development of do­ constrained to point out that "only" several country that is continually depicted as mestic energy resources has been our hundred Palestinian and Lebanese civilians the great devil? own Federal Government. In a 1980 July 29, 1982 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 18703 article by Mr. William Raspberry of western oil company illustrates one aspect do with energy production." What is impor­ the Washington Post entitled "Get­ of the problem: tant, he says, is that areas of high oil and ting the Shelf Off of the Shelf," Mr. "This is in response to your request for a gas potential be made available for develop­ Raspberry correctly identified one of variance regarding the sage grouse strut­ ment, "and this just has not occurred." ting-nesting complex stipulations attached Forsythe and nine other congressmen, the major energy problems of that to the above-mentioned lease and well site. mostly Republicans, have introduced a joint time as the administration and stated: "At this time, available data suggest that resolution that would require the adminis­ The problem, astonishingly, is not that we noise form around-the-clock drilling oper­ tration to stick to the specific requirements cannot produce virtually all of the oil we ations tend to suppress sage grouse strut­ of federal law and court orders in deciding need domestically. The problem-at least a ting activities. Combined with the fact that which oil lands to open to exploration, "in­ major part of it-is the rules and regula­ the proposed lease and well site is located stead of interpreting statutes and court tions that keep us from exploiting our vast within the nesting habitat associated with orders to fit their policies." domestic resources. two strutting grounds, we feel the variance That, without the enactment of a single He closed his article with a quote should not be granted in order to protect new law, would more than double the OCS this resource. production, offsetting $326 billion in the that related the energy crisis to a sink­ "Since there is a lack of research data on ing ship and stated: this problem re­ deal less than the assured bonanza, merely GETTING THE SHELF OFF THE SHELF serves of some 32 billion barrels of oil and waiting to be tapped, that the secretary's Sometimes you get the feeling the country 116 trillion cubic feet of natural gas-more exhortations might lead an incautious lis­ is going stark, raving mad. oil than in the lower 48 states and Alaska tener to suppose. America's growing dependence on import­ combined. Currently, about one-eighth of this coun­ ed oil is eroding the value of the dollar, But only 2.5 percent of the American OCS try's domestic oil comes from the offshore skewing the balance of trade, crippling the is currently under lease, as compared with wells, nearly all of them in the Gulf of domestic economy and feeding unemploy­ over 40 percent of the world's outer conti­ Mexico. For the past several years that flow . ment. nental shelf. We get only 9 percent of our has been slowly falling. The eastern Gulf The problem, astonishingly, is not that we oil from our OCS, while the rest of the which oil geologists once rated as extremely cannot produce virtually all the oil we need world gets 22 percent of its oil from the hopeful has produced almost nothing. domestically. The problem-at least a major worldwide OCS. There's been a good deal of drilling along part of it-is the rules and regulations that Federal officials say these figures don't the length of the Atlantic coast line, with keep us from exploiting our vast domestic matter, since many of the oil fields already little to show for it. There has been one im­ resources. under lease aren't being exploited. portant find in the Pacific, at Santa Bar­ A letter from the Department of Interior's Forsythe acknowledges as much, but con­ bara. But the Gulf of Alaska, advertised sev­ Bureau of Land Management . This extremely ad- ultimate destination may not be the July 29, 1982 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 18705 first country to receive the export should be controlled not only by the amounts for the next two fiscal years are in­ after shipment, the consignee may not United States, but also by our allies. cluded. be a reputable firm which could be ex­ The Strategic Trade Act of 1982 is a Section 13. Effective Date. Will take effect complex, technical bill designed to re­ upon the signing by the President, to re­ pected to honor restrictions on re­ place the EAA, the authorization of which transfer, the technology may be so es­ orient many facets of the current expires at the end of fiscal year 1983. oteric that only a military expert well export policies and procedures. To pro­ Section 14. Savings Provisions. Actions ini­ versed in the field could determine vide my colleagues with an introduc­ tiated prior to the effective date of the Act military applications of the technolo­ tion to the act's provisions, a section­ are saved.e gy, and so on. Because the concept of by-section outline is provided: international trade implies that the OUTLINE OF THE STRATEGIC TRADE ACT OF country on each side of the trading 1982 PERSONAL EXPLANATION bargain needs what the other side is Section 1. Title. willing to offer, for example, goods in Section 2. Findings. Along with reiterating HON. LEO C. ZEFERETTI some of the findings of the current Export exchange for other goods or money, it Administration Act, this section adds new OF NEW YORK goes without saying that the Soviets findings concerning the need to more close­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and their satellites need the Western ly control the export of national security Thursday, July 29, 1982 technology that they purchase. technology. In particular, the need to im­ Review of export licenses necessarily prove the Department of Defense's review e Mr. ZEFERETTI. Mr. Speaker, I includes a complex set of line drawings and analysis process is identified was absent for rollcall vote No. 222 to as to how much benefit the Warsaw Section 3. Policy. This section strengthens H.R. 6030, Defense Authorization Act Pact gains from each export, benefit the policy on United States participation in for Fiscal Year 1983. Had I been the Multilateral Export Controls Coordinat­ present I would have voted "aye."e in terms of being able to expend their ing Committee

89-059 0-86-9 (pt. 14) 18708 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 29, 1982 bers of this body and the Senate have REAGAN'S "SCIENTIFIC of such an international partnership offered bills which call for the reinsti­ SELECTIONISM'' should not be underestimated. In addi­ tution of the Reconstruction Finance tion to the obvious benefits of shared Corporation. These legislative initia­ HON. BRUCE F. VENTO scientific wisdom, it is impossible for tives seek to establish an institution OF MINNESOTA either the United States or Canada to which would offer the financial back­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES solve acid rain problems alone. Con­ ing necessary to accomplish the reha­ Thursday, July 29, 1982 trolling acid rain on one side of the bilitation of deteriorated public facili­ border depends on controlling it on • Mr. VENTO. Mr. Speaker, the the other side. ties and to bolster promising business­ Reagan administration is on record in es. Yet the administration is rejecting strong opposition to our efforts to con­ Canadian cooperation, opting for a To insure that this idea receives ap­ trol acid rain. unilateral approach instead. Mr. propriate congressional attention, the Despite overwhelming public sup­ Speaker, everyone is entitled to their Subcommittee on Oversight and Re­ port for the Clean Air Act and other own political philosophy, but not their negotiation of the Banking Committee effective environmental protection own scientific data. The administra­ will begin a series of hearings Septem­ laws, the administration is pushing tion's method of "scientific selection­ ber 15 on the condition of our Nation's H.R. 5252, the industry-backed bill ism" must be halted. It can not run infrastructure, the industrial base, and which fails to address the acid rain or from the facts and it can not hide the role the Federal Government can toxic pollution problems and-in fact­ from the truth. It is high time this ad­ play in stabilizing these cornerstones weakens our existing clean air stand­ ministration faces up to the fact that of our economy.e ards. acid rain does exist and immediate Now the administration has adopted action must take place for its control.e a new strategy to further its policy of GIVE POLICE A CHANCE opposing controls on acid rain. I call it "scientific selectionism." It is a varia­ PERSONAL EXPLANATION tion on the classic survival-of-the-fit­ HON. LES AuCOIN test theory. Only in this instance, it is HON. BOB UVINGSTON QF OREGON survival of the scientific data that fits OF LOUISIANA IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the administration's ideologies. The administration is apparently rejecting IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Thursday, July 29, 1982 all scientific evidence which goes Thursday, July 29, 1982 e Mr. AuCOIN. Mr. Speaker, everyone against its pet theories, including e Mr. LIVINGSTON. Mr. Speaker, knows you can not fight a war on those involving acid rain. When scien­ yesterday during several House votes I crime with words. tific data does not support its theories, was unavoidably absent. Had I been the administration seeks other sources present, I would have voted: Everyone knows you cannot win until it obtains the answers it wants. without getting tough. "Nay" on the Simon substitute to Narrow ideologies are being allowed to the Solomon amendment to the de­ Everyone, except maybe the Presi­ govern national ing mess," said a key GOP official. "The believe the richer life lies in defying the WASHINGTON.-Federal agencies are need­ committee doesn't want to answer questions tawdriness that has overtaken so much that lessly operating printing plants around the about why these plants are allowed to con­ is good in this country. The joyous life is to country, churning out hundreds of millions tinue without rejustifying themselves." be lived in brotherhood and sisterhood with of dollars in printing that costs up to 16 As it turns out, most are located in metro­ those who celebrate that stubborn, embat­ times that of commercial companies. politan areas-in some cases, very near each tled strain in our tradition that testifies to My continuing investigation into the gov­ other-where there are numerous commer­ the somebodiness of every man and woman. ernment's multibillion-dollar printing busi­ cial printing firins that could do the work The significant life is to be found in de­ ness reveals a nationwide scandal for which far more cheaply. But many lawmakers ben­ stroying the public influence of those who taxpayers have been paying through the efit politically from the jobs they provide now run America, who like Tom Sawyer nose for decades. But instead of cleaning up and from the printing unions, whose exces­ play games that disregard human needs and the problem, Congress has let it grow to the sive wage demands they support. human feelings, who play according to rules point where there are now nearly 300 feder­ Some of the agency printing facilities are in old books long since discredited, who use al printing facilities across the nation, 50 of needed, GPO officials say. But they insist people merely as instruments for their own them in Washington, D.C., alone. "the overwhelming majority should be love of power and display, who want you to The result: an inefficient, overpaid and closed." Some of the work would be turned believe that selfishness and the common little-known printing empire that each year over to GPO, which has 33 acres of plant good are one and the same. contributes substantially to the govern­ space, 6,200 workers and more than 100 Nobody in America has ever got power ment's mounting debt. presses, many of which are often idle. Most without fighting for it, and I ask you now to The Government Printing Office . of the work, however, would be processed join us in the fight. To make equality real in an arm of Congress, is by law the govern­ commercially through GPO field this country-to hold out against the greed ment's printer. Yet it processes-prints in­ offices.The question is, will the JCP, which and warmongering and sheer stupidity that house or procures commercially-only about has protected and nurtured this costly and have such weight today-may well require one-third of the estimated $2 billion to $3 wasteful bureaucracy, undertake the kind of all the old Roman virtues, and the Judaeo­ billion in total government printing. national housecleaning that is long over­ Christian ones combined. A sense of humor However, as government grew, many agen­ due?e will always help. But most of all a sense of cies demanded their own printing plants. humility before the complex realities of our Congress' Joint Committee on Printing time. In the words of a woman immersed in happily complied by granting waivers PROTESTS AVIATION FUEL TAX the elemental facts of birth and death, a from the law. INCREASE WITHOUT DEBATE 17th century French midwife called Louise Our inquiry into GPO shows that its Bourgeois, "Undertake, till the last day of printing costs are often about twice those of HON. CLINT ROBERTS your life, to learn, which to do readily re­ commercial firins. But a study conducted quires a great humbleness, for the proud do last year by the General Accounting Office OF SOUTH DAKOTA not win the hearts of those who know se­ showed that unit costs in federal printing IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES crets." shops elsewhere have been up to eight times Thursday, July 29, 1982 Bless you. those of the GPO. God speed. Although in recent years more govern­ e Mr. ROBERTS of South Dakota. And thank you very, very much.e ment printing has been done commercially, Mr. Speaker, I rise to protest the ac­ GAO says "little has been done to achieve tions of the Public Works Committee PRINTING COSTS SCANDAL economies by modifying the inhouse print­ in pulling H.R. 2643 from the calen­ ing structure." dar. This is another example of back­ "The net effect," says GAO, "is that the HON. CARROLL A. CAMPBELL, JR. agency printing structure has remained rel­ door legislating. OF SOUTH CAROLINA atively intact," even though commercially Due to the tax provisions of the Senate tax bill, which included the 12- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES procured printing has risen and use of gov­ ernment copying systems has escalated sharply. the committee decided that the public e Mr. CAMPBELL. Mr. Speaker, I GPO's controversial new chief, Danford and the Congress do not deserve open would like to share with my colleagues Sawyer, quietly pushed last year for a com­ debate on this important issue. plete rejustification of these agency print­ Late last night, I voted against send­ an article which appeared recently in ing outfits, believing that most were un­ the Spartanburg Herald, a highly re­ needed. With taxpayers losing $71 million a ing the new tax bill into conference. spected newspaper in the Palmetto year, at a minimum, he said in an internal The Senate tax bill includes the very State. In the article, columnist Donald memorandum, Congress could no longer "sit provisions that we voted only last Lambro draws attention to millions of idly by and let such neglect, delay, duplica­ week to debate and decide. The very dollars which Government agencies tion and waste continue.'' action of the Public Works Committee waste each year by the inefficient uti­ Sawyer pressed for a survey by GPO, the negates a vote of this body. Mr. Speak­ lization of 300 agency printing plants Office of Management and Budget, and the er, is that how this body works? If it is JCP, chaired by Sen. Charles Mathias of which are authorized by the Congress Maryland. But Mathias balked at the idea, the way of this body, it is wrong. to do printing, most of which could be not wanting OMB, an executive agency, H.R. 2643, which is no longer before printed at less cost if it were contract­ "looking over our shoulder." Sen. Wendell us, provided some needed authoriza­ ed out to commercial printshops by Ford of Kentucky agreed, saying, according tions around the country. I did not one of the 14 nationwide printing pro- to the minutes of the meeting, "As long as object to the bill on those grounds. I 18712 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 29, 1982 opposed the inequity of the tax in­ Salvador is continuing a land reform conclude that the Salvadoran regime creases contained in the bill. Under program and halting the brutalization fails on each and every count. the bill as written, the aviation fuel of political dissidents. With regard to human rights, there tax would triple. Under the new tax Unfortunately, there is too much is no concrete evidence that any bill, the same result will occur. In conflicting evidence for these assur­ progress has been made in curbing the rural areas, where general aviators fly ances to have the ring of authenticity. murder, torture, and "disappearance" untold business miles, a 12-cent in­ The land reform program has suffered of innocent civilians at the hands of crease works a tremendous hardship. reversal and appears, at best, to be the security forces. Based on press re­ South Dakota has over 2,200 li­ going nowhere. Opposition to the Gov­ ports, the President has claimed that censed pilots in the State. Most are ernment and its policies is still being the number of political murders in El hard-working, self-employed business met with excessive violence. Salvador has declined 43 percent­ people, providing valuable service to We need real proof of real progress from 3,084 between January and June agriculture. In the depressed agricul­ to certify human rights progress in El of 1981 to 1,762 during the same tural economy that exists today, many Salvador. Anything less than real period in 1982. The Legal Aid Office of of these pilots will not be able to proof makes this entire exercise a the Archdiocese of San Salvador, how­ absorb the increase. Farmers needing mockery, and it fails to discharge the ever, claims that the actual number of their services do not have the cash to duty at hand. political assassinations is 3,059, virtu­ pay for the additional costs. That duty is both to ourselves and to ally identical to last year's figures. Pilots in South Dakota, and other the people of El Salvador. Further, as political violence has large rural States, must fly long dis­ If the United States continues to moved from the cities to outlying rural tances in their business activities or as provide military arms to El Salvador areas, it has become more and more a transportation source. Any increase and the regime stifles reforms and difficult to obtain accurate statistics in taxation that involves operation continues its oppression, then we have on the violence. The security forces costs multiplies in areas of vast dis­ further tarnished the already dark­ are also increasingly using "disappear­ tances. The real question is what do ened image of America in this hemi­ ances," making it difficult to docu­ these pilots get for their special use sphere. ment the number of noncombatant taxation increase of 12 cents. And if El Salvador does not move deaths. The improvements found in the au­ ahead with reasonable speed on re­ Beyond this gruesome numbers thorizations under H.R. 2643, the Air­ forms, it invites more insurgency, game, however, we must recognize port and Airways Development Act, do more instability, and more revolution. that the rightist regime installed by not address any of the needs of the By paying mere lip service to human the March 28 elections has little genu­ rural aviator, especially the small busi­ rights progress in El Salvador, the ad­ ine regard for human rights. A July 20 nessman. We, here in Congress, are ministration is handing a blank check report of the American Civil Liberties asking small aviators across the coun­ to the rightwing government of Union and the America's Watch states try to fund a program, when there is a Robert D'Aubisson and playing into that: question as to how much is needed for the hand of armed rebels. The essential policy of the government­ that program. The United States and El Salvador that is, of the real government of El Salva­ As my colleague from Louisiana, Mr. have a responsibility to each other. dor, the security forces-remains constant: MooRE, has pointed out, at the begin­ But the United States has a larger re­ the government of El Salvador deliberately ning of fiscal year 1982, there was over sponsibility as a world leader and the engages in systematic political murder to $3 billion in uncommitted revenues in major economic and military power in advance its interests. the aviation trust fund. I am sure that the Western Hemisphere. Another prestigious human rights the authorizations in H.R. 2643 pro­ I will not be party to a move that group, Amnesty International, stated vide needed services to our Nation's shirks either responsibility. Therefore, in a July 1982 report that: travelers and will assure the safety of I see no other choice than to oppose In the period following the elections for a passengers at airports and on the air­ certifying that El Salvador has lived constituent assembly held on March 28, ways, but why, I ask, do you need to up to its promises of reform-promises 1982, reports of human rights violations in­ raise taxes designed for a special pur­ El Salvador must keep if it is to take volving the official security forces continue pose when there exists a surplus? its rightful place as a free and demo­ unabated . . . Based on such reports, it is Despite my feelings and concerns cratic nation in the community of na­ the assessment of Amnesty International about H.R. 2643, we now will not be tions.e that there has been no improvement in the able to address this issue. I protest the human right situation in El Salvador in actions of the leadership of this body, recent months. and I hope that we will some day have CERTIFYING THE In the second area of progress re­ the opportunity to calmly debate UNCERTIFY ABLE quired by Congress, land reform, we these important issues to the aviation find that the Salvadoran Government industry on the entire floor of the HON. ANTHONY TOBY MOFFETI has actually regressed. Once again, the House of Representatives.• OF CONNECTICUT administration's certification manipu­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES lates the figures to hide this fact, noting that 4,865 provisional titles WE NEED REAL PROOF OF REAL Thursday, July 29, 1982 have been granted under Decree 207, PROGRESS e Mr. MOFFETr. Mr. Speaker, on the land-to-the-tiller program, since July 27, the administration sent to the elections, and that 2,000 peasants HON. RON WYDEN Congress its certification regarding El who were evicted from their farms OF OREGON Salvador, as required by section 728(d) have been returned to their land since IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of the International Security and De­ June 1, 1982. Nevertheless, Salvador's velopment Act of 1981. I am dismayed rightist-dominated Constituent Assem­ Thursday, July 29, 1982 that, once again, the administration bly has suspended both phase II and e Mr. WYDEN. I rise today in support has ignored the realities in El Salva­ phase III of the land reform program, of efforts to disapprove of certification dor in its blind determination to fight although some provisional titles have by the President of the United States a cold war in Central America. been granted for show. Further, the of El Salvador's progress on human In reviewing the "checklist" of con­ Popular Democratic Unity and other rights. ditions imposed by the Congress last peasant and labor groups have esti­ We are being asked to accept thin as­ December on United States aid to El mated that, since the elections, rough­ surances that the new regime in El Salvador, the objective observer would ly 10,000 peasants have been evicted July 29, 1982 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 18713 from land acquired under the reform CLEAN UP OF THREE MILE nity to bring to the attention of my program. ISLAND 2 colleagues the formation of an emi­ Whatever figures the administration nent body of distinguished scientists can dig up, however, cannot refute the HON. MILLICENT FENWICK who are greatly concerned that Con­ rightist coalition's fundamental oppo­ OF NEW JERSEY gress maintain protection now in law for wetlands and adjacent upland acre­ sition to the land reform program. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES age. Robert D'Aubuisson's ultra-rightist Thursday, July 29, 1982 ARENA party, which includes the The Committee of Scientists for Minister of Agriculture and other key e Mrs. FENWICK. Mr. Speaker, I am Wetlands Protection represents over happy to join with my colleague from 1,000 researchers and teaching profes­ land reform officials, has consistently New Jersey, Mr. HowARD, in sponsor­ sionals across the Nation. The commit­ opposed the land redistribution plan. ing a bill today which will create some tee, formed with the aid of the Envi­ Roy Prosterma,n, one of the authors of progress on a problem which has been ronmental Defense Fund and the Na­ the land-to-the-tiller program recently hovering over the citizens of New tional Wildlife Federation plans to wrote: Jersey and Pennsylvania for some work actively to encourage the reten­ Unhappily, the fact is that under the far­ time now: the cleanup of the Three tion of current law on this issue. The right coalition that gained control of El Sal­ Mile Island 2 nuclear plant. I have committee's work has been signaled in vador's Constituent Assembly in the wake of been working on this problem since the other body by the Senator from the March 28 elections, there has been ex­ the beginning of the 97th Congress, Rhode Island less impor­ 30,000 acres to open water primarily because those associated with delay, opportumty tant than those which are. of canals built for navigation, drainage or lost, and administrative processing. Delay WETLAND VALUES oil and gas operations. These are just a few costs average 0. 7 percent of project value, The nation's wetlands are critical to the examples of wetlands destruction. opportunity costs are 0.2 percent, and ad­ survival of fish and wildlife, the mainte­ PROTECTION OF WETLANDS UNDER THE CLEAN ministrative costs are 0.04 percent. Delay nance of water quality, ground water re­ WATER ACT SECTION 404 costs, and not the costs of modifying charge, and flood control. When the Congress passed the Clean projects to minimize environmental impacts, are most of the burden on applicants, and Fish and wildlife Water Act in 1972, it included a powerful tool for wetlands protection. This tool, Sec­ the overall burden is slight. Because most Conservatively, wetlands support a $12 bil­ tion 404 of the Act, directs the Army Corps applications are for permits to discharge in lion per year commercial and recreational of Engineers to regulate the discharge of the wetlands associated with navigation, the fishing industry. In Alaska. 24,000 people­ dredged or fill material into the nation's cost of compliance in other wetland areas is some 25 percent of the work force-are e~­ waters, including wetlands. The Corps is re­ even less significant. ployed in the salmon industry and their quired to follow environmental guidelines CONCLUSION livelihood depends upon the preservation of set by the Environmental Protection Wetlands are critical to the survival of pristine streams and wetlands where salmon Agency. Permit applications are reviewed breed. On the Atlantic and Gulf Coasts, spe­ fish and wildlife, the maintenance of water for impact on wetlands by the Environmen­ quality, ground water recharge, and flood cies dependent on wetlands make up two­ tal Protection Agency, the U.S. Fish and thirds of the cash value of all fisheries. control. Despite their enormous value, Wildlife Service and the National Marine about one-half of the original 150 million Sixty to seventy percent of the 10 to 12 Fisheries Service. If any of these natural re­ million waterfowl in the lower 48 states re­ acres of wetlands in the lower 48 states have source agencies objects to a permit. "memo­ been destroyed, and about 333,000 more produce in the "prairie pothol.es" o_f the randa of agreement" negotiated with the Midwest and millions of ducks wmter m the acres are now lost each year. This rate of Corps provide for elevation of the decision loss might be twice as great without the bottomland hardwoods of the South Central to appointed officials in Washington. States. Naturalists and sportsmen value Section 404 program. Besides protecting these and many non-game animal and plant Scope wetlands effectively, the Section 404 pro­ species dependent on the same wetland Section 404 applies to all "waters of the gram is economical-adding less than one habitat. United States," which have been defined to percent to the cost of projects on average.e include not only water courses used for Water quality navigation but also tributaries of these Wetlands serve as natural pollution treat­ waters waters connecting different states, BALTIC NATIONS ment plants. Cattail marshes are used to waters' which if degraded could affect inter­ clean wastewater at 96 treatment facilities state commerce, and wetlands adjacent to in Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, all of these. HON.ROBERTK.DORNAN Ohio and Wisconsin. The town of Wildwood, This broad scope of section 404, mandated OF CALIFORNIA Florida (pop. 2,500) has treated its sewage in by Congress and the courts, translates into IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES a 500 acre cypress-gum swamp for the last protection of some 148 million acres of wet­ 19 years. Wetlands also serve as natural fil­ lands, only 22 million acres of which are as­ Wednesday, July 28, 1982 ters for removal of suspended sediments, re­ sociated with actual navigation. These other moving silt that otherwise would degrade 126 million acres include diverse ecosystems e Mr. DORNAN of California. Mr. reservoirs, rivers and harbors. of enormous value. Speaker, as today is the 60th anniver­ Ground water recharge Permits sary of U.S. recognition of the inde­ Wetlands are natural sponges and hold At present, about 9,700 applications for pendent states of Estonia, Latvia, and water long enough for recharge into the Section 404 permits are processed each year. Lithuania. I would like to insert a reso­ ground. For example, a five square mile bog Some 7,000 of these-72 percent-are f~r lution adopted by the Lithuanian near Milwaukee, Wisconsin, is key _to discharges in navigable waterways and their American Council of the Greater Los groundwater recharge in a 165 square mile adjacent 22 million acres of wetlands. Angeles area which salutes the sacred area. Well water recharged in one year from Many activities are permitted under Sec­ principle of self-determination. I ap­ each wetland acre in Massachusetts has tion 404. Normal farming, ranching, forest­ plaud the Estonian, Latvian, and Lith­ been calculated to save $6,044 over the least ry and other activities are exempted by the expensive alternate source. uanian people of the Los Angeles area st~tute. Furthermore, "general permits" au­ whose voices praise the ideals of free­ Flood control thorize hundreds of activities. Such "per­ mits" are really authorizations issued pub­ dom and whose prayers call out for Because they hold water like sponges, wet­ the liberty and sovereignty of their lands prolong and moderate runoff after licly, by regulation or otherwise, that a~ow heavy precipitation or snow melt. Wetlands anyone to discharge material under specific countries. in Minnestoa and North Dakota reportedly conditions without first obtaining an indi­ RESOLUTION vidual permit from the Corps of Engineers. have significantly reduced flooding in the We, Americans of Estonian, Latvian and cities of Grand Forks and Crookston. In General permits can apply locally, regional­ ly or nationwide. Section 404 requires that Lithuanian descent/origin living in the Wisconsin, flood levels are 80 percent lower Greater Los Angeles area and assembled in wartersheds with wetlands and lakes authorized activities be similar, have only this 13th day of June 1982 at St. Casimir's than where these features do not occur. In minimal adverse environmental impact, and Lithuanian Community Hall, 1826 St. the Boston area, 8,422 acres of wetlands minimal cumulative adverse effect. The Corps estimates that general permits obvi­ George St., Los Angeles, to commemorate near the Charles River prevent an estimat­ the tragic events of June, 1941, do hereby ed $3,193,000 in flood damages each year. ate the need to process 60,000 individual permits. . state as follows: LOSS OF WETLANDS Of the 9,700 individual permit applica­ Whereas the Union of Soviet Socialist Re­ Despite their enormous value, about half tions processed, 49 percent are approved publics is according to its constitution, a vol­ of the original 150 million acres of wetlands without modifications, 33 percent are ap­ untary federation of autonomous republics; in the lower 48 states have been destroyed proved with modifications, 16 percent are Whereas the three Baltic Republics did and about 330,000 acres are now lost each withdrawn and 2 percent are denied. not become member republics of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics voluntarily, Wetlands protected "~Some 80 percent of the tens of millions. o f but rather were incorporated by force into acres of bottomland hardwoods in the lower The Army Corps of Engineers estimates Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and Mississippi have been destroyed. Over 70 that the Section 404 program has cut wet­ have since been governed by governments percent of all wetlands next to rivers and land destruction in half from a projected approved by, and subservient to, the govern­ 660 000 acres per year in the lower 48 states streams are now gone. Over one-half _of t~e ment of the Union of Socialist Republics; prairie potholes have been lost. California to the current 330,000 acres. Section 404 is Whereas by deportation and dispersion of and Connecticut have less than 20 percent effectively protecting many wetlands whi~e the native populations of the Baltic States of their original wetlands; Missouri has 10 also authorizing extensive development m to Siberia and a massive colonization effort percent, and in Iowa only one percent re­ them. in which Russian colonists replace the dis­ mains. More than 600,000 acres of wetl~ds Cost of protection placed native peoples, the Soviet Union have been lost in Texas coastal estuaries­ On average, the cost of compliance with threatens complete elimination of the Baltic most covered by spoil dredged from water- Section 404 is less than one percent of total peoples as a culturally, geographically, and July 29, 1982 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 18715 politically distinct and ethnically homoge­ honing River. In 1893 a motion to gations in all three Baltic republics. neous population; build a new church in South Edinburg During World War II as an Assistant Whereas despite such treatment, the carried, and the church was subse­ Secretary for Europe in the Depart­ spirit of the citizens of the Baltic States is not broken, and the desire of the citizens of quently dismantled and brought to the ment of State, Ambassador Henderson the Baltic States for national independence present site, most of the work being always pleaded the Baltic cause. remains unabated; done by the men of the church. The Ambassador Max Kampelman who is Whereas the United States has consistent­ new building was dedicated on May 13, presently chairman of the U.S. delega­ ly refused to recognize the unlawful Soviet 1894. An addition to the church was tion to the Madrid Conference and occupation of the Baltic States and has con­ dedicated in 1960, the membership pleaded eloquently on behalf of the tinued to maintain diplomatic relations with having grown to 90 during these last Soviet-occupied Baltic States and the representatives of the independent Repub­ 150 years. lics of Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia; individual cases of Baltic Prisoners of Whereas time does not give legitimacy to It is encouraging to hear of a church Conscience.e unconstitutional and illegal acts; that has built up such a rich heritage Whereas the United States, since its in­ and continues to be a valuable source ception, has been committed to the princi­ of life and vitality to its members and THE FATE OF THE ple of self-determination; Now, therefore, be the community. It is with pride that I PALESTINIANS it enlighten my colleagues today about Resolved, That the United States Govern­ this most memorable event in the life HON. JAMES K. COYNE ment reaffirm by action its policy of opposi­ of this congregation. I extend my tion to predatory activities by one state OF PENNSYLVANIA upon another, no matter whether they are heartiest congratulations and best IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES wishes to the Edinburg Christian carried on by the use of force or by the Thursday, July 29, 1982 threat of force, and Church.e That the question of the illegal occupa­ e Mr. JAMES K. COYNE. Mr. Speak­ tion and annexation by the Soviet Union of er, today an article appeared on the the independent Republics of Estonia, BALTIC NATIONS op-ed page of the Washington Post Latvia and Lithuania, and the need for the which poignantly and clearly reveals restoration of sovereign rights to these HON. DENNIS M. HERTEL states be brought to the attention of the the many facets of the "Palestinian Soviet Union by the President of the United OF MICHIGAN question." I commend the author, Mr. States, and to the attention of the United IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Ralph D. Nurnberger, for his sensitive Nations by the Ambassador to the United Wednesday, July 28, 1982 approach to this very complicated Nations. problem, and I wish to share his That this resolution be sent to the Presi­ e Mr. HERTEL. Mr. Speaker, last thoughts with my colleagues. dent of the United States and copies thereof night the Joint Baltic American Na­ The article follows: to the Secretary of State, to the United tional Committee together with my States Ambassador to the United Nations, colleagues Mr. DouGHERTY and Mr. THE FATE OF THE PALESTINIANS to both Senators of the State of California, DoNNELLY hosted a reception to honor World attention has been focused on the and to the Members of the House of Repre­ the 60th anniversary of U.S. recogni­ fate of the 6,000 PLO terrorists in west sentatives from the Greater Los Angeles tion of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania. Beirut. Underlying the issue of their final Area. destination is the question of where the Pal­ BERNARD NURMSEN, A number of awards for service to the estinian people should go. whether or not a President, Estonian cause of Baltic freedom were awarded 'Palestinian State' should be established. Society of Los Angeles. and I would like to acquaint my col­ Unfortunately, this question is often ALFONS C. REINS leagues with the recipients. Baltic phrased in such a manner as to imply that President, Latvian Freedom Awards were presented to: Israel alone is responsible for finding a solu­ Association of Southern California. President Jimmy Carter for his out­ tion. ANTANAS MAzEIKA, standing work in raising the conscious­ To understand the "Palestinian question," President, Lithuanian-American it is essential to analyze the history of the Council, Los A ngeles.e ness of the Nation and the world to issue. The problem stems from the fact that the issue of human rights, and his approximately 600,000 Arabs left what is staunch support to the resolution of now Israel in the late 1940's. Most left THE 150TH ANNIVERSARY OF the issue of continuity of the Baltic le­ during and after the War for Israeli Inde­ THE EDINBURG CHRISTIAN gations. pendence <1947-48), largely at the urging of CHURCH President Gerald Ford whose per­ Arab nations, which pledged that they could sonal intervention helped create the return to their homes when the Zionist Baltic Language Service at Radio Lib­ state was destroyed. These Palestinians HON. EUGENE V. ATKINSON sought to escape the fighting and find OF PENNSYLVANIA erty. refuge with their Arab brethren. This figure IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mr. David Willis of the Christian should be compared with the approximately Science Monitor for his dedicated re­ 600,000 Jews who were expelled from vari­ Thursday, July 29, 1982 porting of developments in the Soviet ous Arab states and immigrated to Israel. e Mr. ATKINSON. Mr. Speaker, it is occupied Baltic nations including the The Arabs who left Israel in the 1940's with great pleasure that I salute the dissident movement. were only a small fraction of the approxi­ Edinburg Christian Church of Edin­ Mr. Thomas Kahn of the AFL-CIO mately 40 Inillion refugees world-wide who burg, Pa., for its service to God and for this work in aiding the cause of were forced to find new homes in the same time period. The Palestinians are virtually our country. During this week, the free labor unions abroad, most noted­ the only people who have not yet been fully church has been celebrating its 150th ly, Solidarity. absorbed and assimilated in their new home­ anniversary. This joyous occasion for Mr. Thomas Longo of the State De­ lands. The reason is that the Arab nations the members and friends of the partment who during his term as preferred to keep the Palestinians as 'refu­ church is being observed under the Baltic desk officer worked out the res­ gees' an act of policy. They decided to leave theme "A Century and a Half on His olution to the problem of continuity of the burden of caring for Arab refugees with Behalf." the Baltic legations. the world community in general to be han­ In 1832, under the leadership of Rev. Ambassador Loy Henderson for his dled by the United Nations Relief and Abram Sanders, 40 people met in the long standing support to the Baltic Works Agency. When discussing the problem of the Pales­ home of John Parks of Edinburg, peoples throughout his distinguished tinians, it is important to remember that marking the beginning of the church. career. Ambassador Henderson first the majority already are permanently set­ Through the efforts of these people, a aided the war tom Baltic republics in tled and have homes, jobs, etc., within his­ frame church was erected in 1850 on a 1919 when he served with the Red toric Palestine. Approximately 500,000 live hillside on the north side of the Ma- Cross. Later he served with the U.S. le- in Israel; 1,000,000 live in the West Bank 18716 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 29, 1982 and Gaza; 1,200,000 live in Jordan; and the legal representatives of the Baltic girls and women in education. In addi­ 300,000-400,000 live in Lebanon; of these, people. approximately 120,000 can still be catego­ tion she has been responsible for valu­ rized as refugees and live in "camps." In ad­ the position of executive director and dition, 200,000 are in Syria, and 200,000 are stroyed by Moscow. These Baltic replaced her with Rosemary Thomp­ scattered around the world. States or captive nations have been son, a woman who thinks educational With the exception of those living in under Soviet domination for decades. programs for girls and women should camps in Lebanon, it is unlikely that the re­ The hopes for independence of the reflect only women's "traditional" mainder would be very eager to leave their peoople of Latvia, Lithuania, and Esto­ roles as homemaker and mother. homes. The Palestinians in camps are large­ nia, have been crushed by their Soviet I think it is great if a girl or woman ly undereducated and unskilled; they are oppressors. chooses to be a homemaker and the victims of Arab propaganda and politi­ The people of the Baltic States have cal designs. While these people could be ab­ mother. But only if she chooses. Our sorbed by the Arab states, those nations withstood a barrage of Soviet police educational system should not push have continued to utilize them as political state administration, constant KGB her into that role. pawns. terror, religious persecution, exploita­ That is what educational equity is For the most part, the people in the tion of their economies and industries, all about. It makes our educational camps do not trace their ancestors back to and the regular persecution of those system give women a choice as to what the West Bank or Gaza but to Israel proper. courageous enough to speak out they want to do and be. It is a crucial Thus, even if a "Palestinian state" were to against Soviet dominance. cornerstone in giving women equal op­ be established in the West Bank, these refu­ I commend the gallant people of portunity. gees would not be able to return "home." They do not feel an affinity for the West these captive nations f'or their intermi­ Mr. Reagan has said that he is all Bank or does their propaganda indicate that nable fight against their oppressors. for equal opportunity for women. His they would be satisfied with this territory. Their fight however, should not be a words ring hollow·• Furthermore, the West Bank is simply not solitary effort. We must show our sup­ large enough nor does it have the produc­ port for these courageous Baltic men tive capacity to handle such a massive and women in their fight to gain those RADIO MARTI: THE ILLOGIC OF influx of people. rights which have been denied. SIGNAL-SENDING A final point is that Jordan is already a I urge my colleagues to join in the "homeland" for the Palestinian people. HON. GEORGE E. BROWN, JR. Jordan was part of traditional Palestine; the effort to fight diligently for the majority of the present day population are human rights of the Baltic people.e OF CALIFORNIA Palestinian Arabs. Palestinian refugees were IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES granted citizenship in Jordan and many gov­ Friday, July 23, 1982 ernment leaders are Palestinians. JOY SIMONSON In sum, Palestinians already live through­ e Mr. BROWN. of California. Mr. out the Arab world and have citizenship in HON. PATRICIA SCHROEDER Speaker, a peculiar proposition is now Jordan. They form the majority of the Jor­ OF COLORADO before the Congress; namely, funding danian population. The refugee issue ought IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES by several millions of dollars one of to be settled in accordance with the plans the worst examples of the "sending set forward at Camp David, possibly result­ Wednesday, July 28, 1982 signals" school of foreign policy. ing in some form of confederation of the West Bank and Jordan. Obviously, this e Mrs. SCHROEDER. Mr. Speaker, I This administration feels compelled would involve bringing Jordan into Massachusetts for arranging for this the outcome of such action is not all the peace process. The solution to the ques­ special order. He understands that that clear. Since they have failed so tion is complicated, but possible. It would supporting women's rights goes far to give a convincing argument that involve the participation and good will of beyond supporting legislation that we really do have a problem, and that the Arab nations. Now that the PLO has promotes equity for women. It also this solution is really going to achieve been removed as a military power in the means speaking out when the execu­ a clearly stated goal, they have fallen region, a force capable of blackmailing Arab nations into support, it is possible that tive branch erodes through appoint­ back on the logic of signal sending in Jordan and Saudi Arabia will finally be will­ ments or regulations the intent of that its most literal form. ing to negotiate with Israel.e legislation. Before any debate takes place on the The recent firing of Joy Simonson, costs and effectiveness of Radio Marti, and the callous way in which it was we should have a clear understanding CAPTIVE NATIONS WEEK performed by the Reagan administra­ of the purpose of our foreign policy tion, is a perfect example of how an toward Cuba. Are we really likely to SPEECH OF administration can dilute the intent of achieve even a fraction of our objec­ HON. RICHARD L. OTIINGER Congress. It also exemplifies why the tives by means of this primitive form OF NEW YORK Reagan administration's record on of interchange? IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES women's issues is so miserable. The ill-fated grain embargo to the The National Advisory Council on Soviets is a classic example of the il­ Wednesday, July 21, 1982 Women's Educational Programs was logic of signal-sending. Lots of signals e Mr. OTTINGER. Mr. Speaker, This established to set policy for programs got sent-some intended, others unex­ week commemorates the 60th anniver­ developed under the Women's Educa­ pected-but the net outcome was that sary of the U.S. recognition of the tional Equity Act . Joy Simon­ the U.S. farm sector was hurt, and Baltic States. Despite the efforts of son has done a great job as executive that a permanent realinement of the Soviet Union to destroy the integ­ director of that Council under the world trade patterns took place, in det­ rity of the Baltic States, the U.S. con­ Ford and Carter administration. She riment to the United States. tinues quite properly to recognize the has effectively monitored monitoring Having failed in every other way to legations of the Baltic governments as the progress of educational equity for achieve a meaningful dialog with gov- July 29, 1982 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 18717 ernments of differing viewpoints, and amendment would liinit Radio Marti to issue. The problem steins from the fact that having burned important bridges in short-wave frequencies. How many Cubans approximately 600,000 Arabs left what is the process, this administration per­ have short-wave radios? now Israel in the late 1940s. Most left What response from listeners is wanted? during and after the War for Israeli Inde­ sists in the delusion that crude propa­ Should the broadcasts make Cubans dissat­ pendence <1947-48>, largely at the urging of ganda in the Eastern European mold isfied with their lot and seek to emigrate to Arab nations, which pledged that they could will serve any useful end in foreign the US? The welcome mat is hardly out. Are return to their homes when the Zionist policy. the broadcasts supposed to encourage state was destroyed. These Palestinians Engaging in a public war of words is revolt? Recall the US experience with the sought to escape the fighting and find surely better than the other modes of Hungarian revolt. refuge with their Arab brethren. This figure confrontation presently seen around What results might be expected for US should be compared with the approximately the world. But, as with military en­ broadcasters? Castro has threatened to use 600,000 Jews who were expelled from vari­ gagements, propaganda wars are the powerful Cuban stations to jam Radio ous Arab states and immigrated to Israel. Marti. At present the designated spot on the The Arabs who left Israel in the 1940s clearest indicators that all else has dial for it would be 1040, the same as for were only a small fraction of the approxi­ failed. The administration has yet to President Reagan's old Des Moines sport­ mately 40 million refugees worldwide who give evidence that it is prepared to casting station, WHO. It would be bad were forced to find new homes in the same engage in the difficult, and often enough for this station to be jammed, with time period. The Palestinians are virtually thankless task of reaching diplomatic its importance to the emergency broadcast the only people who have not yet been fully solutions to international issues, for network and to the farmers of the Midwest. absorbed and assimilated in their new that involves the recognition that But jamming spillover to 1030 and 1050 homelands. The reason is that the Arab na­ views held by others may be, in fact, could affect more than 200 other stations in tions preferred to keep the Palestinians as the US. "refugees" as an act of policy. They decided eminently valid within their context. No wonder there is a proposed House to leave the burden of caring for Arab refu­ Even if one were to believe that U.S. amendment to give decisions on matters gees with the world community in general foreign policy needs the type of propa­ such as frequency to the Federal Communi­ to be handled by the United Nations Relief ganda Radio Marti will dispense, the cations Commission. Then at least the inter­ and Works Agency. following editorial from the Christian ests of US broadcasting could be considered. When discussing the problem of the Pales­ Science Monitor of July 29, 1982, Radio Marti could be pegged at the extreme tinians, it is important to remember that makes it quite clear that this vehicle ends of the broadcast band beyond the spec­ the majority already are permanently set­ might not be the best approach. I com­ trum of commercial broadcasters. tled and have homes, jobs, etc., within his­ Presumably Castro could still retaliate on toric Palestine. Approximately 500,000 live mend it to the attention of my col­ commercial frequencies. The US, of course, in Israel; 1,000,000 live in the West Bank leagues. should not make its decisions on the basis of and Gaza; 1,200,000 live in Jordan; and The editorial follows: Cuban intimidation. Nevertheless, commu­ 300,000-400,000 live in Lebanon; of these, [From the Christian Science Monitor, July nications are too important to become polit­ approximately 120,000 can still be catego­ 29, 1982] ical playthings. The door needs to be kept rized as refugees and live in "camps." A final point is that Jordan is already a the truth about their country. There see1ns World attention has been focused on the "homeland" for the Palestinian people. to be a generalized intention to undermine fate of the 6,000 PLO terrorists in West Jordan was part of traditional Palestine; the Cuban leader Castro. But will a radio sta­ Beirut. Underlying the issue of their final majority of the present day population are tion do what 20 years of economic boycott destination is the question of where the Pal­ Palestinian Arabs. Palestinian refugees were have failed to do? Such provocation would estinian people should go, whether or not a granted citizenship in Jordan and many gov­ hardly foster the diplomatic easing of U.S.­ "Palestinian state" should be established. ernment leaders are Palestinians. Cuban relations that have appeared some­ Unfortunately, this question is often In sum, Palestinians already live through­ where on the horizon in recent months. phrased in such a manner as to imply that out the Arab world and have citizenship in Is there a receptive audience? Cubans al­ Israel alone is responsible for finding a solu­ Jordan. They form the majority of the Jor­ ready can receive plenty of broadcasts from tion. danian population. The refugee issue ought the U.S. Why would they turn to a govern­ To understand the "Palestinian question," to be settled in accordance with the plans ment-labeled station? A proposed House it is essential to analyze the history of the set forward at Camp David, possibly result- 18718 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 29, 1982 ing in some form of confederation of the red flag of trade wars plus increased infla­ been making good progress in this area, but West Bank and Jordan. Obviously, this tion if the local-content legislation is passed. content legislation would be viewed as an ir­ would involve bringing Jordan into tive Products Act would require that for On the domestic front, the arguments are the peace process. The solution to the ques­ auto makers selling more than 500,000 cars just as strong. tion is complicated, but possible. It would a year in the United States, 90 percent of involve the participation and good will of parts and labor be domestic; for those sell­ An interagency task force on local content the Arab nations. Now that the PLO has ing 200,000 to 500,000, 75 percent, and for has done a study showing that if auto sales been removed as a military power in the those selling 100,000 to 150,000, 25 percent. in the United States approached the previ­ region, a force capable of blackmailing Arab The bill currently has 218 sponsors in the ous all-time high by 1985 , local content would result in no ing to negotiate with Israel. expected within a few weeks. Not surprising­ more than 200,000 additional jobs in the • dealerships and at port facilities. IT WILL COME BACK To HAUNT Us Substantial additional losses would occur over time as our trading partners took retal­ DEBATE ON DOMESTIC Several versions of a "local content" bill, iatory measures. CONTENT LEGISLATION which would require an auto manufacturer The way to shore up our auto industry is to produce a certain percentage of each ve­ through competition. American cars and hicle in the United States before it could be trucks must become competitive in the HON. RICHARD L. OTTINGER sold here, are pending in Congress. I believe world marketplace appropriately, not OF NEW YORK the evidence is overwhelming that these through legislation that artificially helps IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES bills, attractive as they may seem, would auto employment at the cost of the con­ greatly harm the American economy, the Thursday, July 29, 1982 sumer and other industries. consumer, and the flow of world trade with­ Local content legislation would add to the e Mr. OTTINGER. Mr. Speaker, as out helping the American auto industry in cost of a car to the consumer. Our studies you know, my bill-H.R. 5133, the Fair any substantial way. show that car prices would increase about Practices in Automotive Products The issues raised by local content require­ 10 percent if local content requirements Act-is now before the House Energy ments are far-reaching. They go well were adopted. That alone would push up beyond the short-term implications of the the Consumer Price Index by about three­ and Commerce Committee awaiting specific bills being considered by Congress. markup. H.R. 5133 currently has 219 tenths of one percentage point. After the They cross over industry lines and would se­ dramatic progress we have made in getting cosponsors. riously undermine the United States posi­ inflation down to the 5 percent to 6 percent As the debate over the concept of tion in the world trading community. range, we do not need laws that would push domestic content continues, I would Specifically, the bills would be inflation­ it back up. ary: Car prices would go up, the auto indus­ urge my colleagues, whether or not Local content also would handcuff Ameri­ they have cosponsored my bill, to try's ability to seek low-cost sources of supply would be restricted, new regulatory can auto manufacturers who would be review the following two articles burdens would be placed on the industry, it unable to seek the lowest-cost sources of which appeared in the New York would be more difficult for the industry to supply, placing them at a further disadvan­ Times of last Sunday, July 25. become internationally competitive and, tage with their international competitors The first article is a comparison of perhaps most important, the bills would vio­ and putting further upward pressure on the points of view of Secretary of late international trade agreements. prices. They would be forced to purchase Commerce Malcolm Baldrige, and In times of difficult worldwide economic supplies from sources that would allow conditions, shortsighted pressures to adopt them to meet required content percentages, United Auto Workers President Doug and would not be free to find the best prod­ Fraser. It points out, I believe, the protectionist-type legislation are intense. Each country finds a growing number of in­ uct at the best price. basic arguments on both sides. Addi­ dividuals advocating actions to protect its The problems of the United States auto tionally, I would like to recommend to industries and its domestic jobs regardless industry will not be solved by enacting trade my colleagues that they review the of the long-term consequences. barriers. Those problems would be solved by second piece that deals with the use of The United State has long been recog­ providing an economic climate in which the Mexican facilities and labor by domes­ nized as the world leader in assuring a free United States auto companies could become tic auto manufacturers. As the article and open trading system worldwide. Every more productive and competitive. administration since World War II has de­ The Reagan Administration recognizes points out, this practice on the parts the pressures that have resulted in strong of domestic manufacturers, commonly fended this principle. If local content legis­ lation is adopted, we will indicate to our Congressional support for local content known as foreign sourcing, occurs at a trading partners that we are abandoning bills. We agree that action needs to be time when 10 million Americans are that position. Our efforts to open other taken. We disagree only on the methods to out of work, and 250,000 auto workers countries' markets would lose credibility im­ use. Government subsidies which are obvi­ have lost their jobs. Foreign sourcing mediately. With one of every seven manu­ ously protectionist are not the answer. is one of the prime reasons that I of­ facturing jobs and one of every three farm­ The Administration's program of econom­ fered H.R. 5133. I urge my colleagues land acres in the country dependent on ex­ ic incentives, regulatory relief and voluntary to read these articles. ports, key sectors of our economy would be trade liberalization are aimed at giving both dealt a severe blow. the auto industry specifically and the Amer­ [From the New York Times, July 25, 19821 Local content requirements would clearly ican industries generally the sound footing SHOULD CONGRESS PuT A "MADE IN U.S.A." violate the General Agreement on Tariffs they need to do the job. STAMP ON IMPORTED CARS? and Trade. Such a violation would expose IT WILL HELP SAVE OUR AUTO INDUSTRY Malcolm Baldrige and Douglas A. Fraser our exports in nonautomotive areas to retal­ have often locked horns over issues of trade iation in such forms as quotas, higher duties and industry. Again, the Commerce Secre­ or local content requirements. Our studies The American auto industry is in the tary and president of the United Auto show that our most vulnerable exports in­ worst crisis in its history. More than 300,000 Workers Union are at odds, this time over clude aircraft, office equipment, electrical auto workers have been indefinitely laid off proposed legislation that would, in effect, components, corn, wheat and soybeans. In and hundreds of thousands in related fields require major foreign-car companies such as just the first round of what could easily are unemployed as a result. Toyota, Nissan and Volkswagen, to make become a trade war, some $15 billion of ex­ Sales last year were 32 percent below what most of the vehicles for the American ports could be affected. For every $1 billion they were in 1978, the last healthy year, and market in this country. so excluded, 25,000 American jobs would be despite a voluntary restraint agreement Proponents bill the legislation as a way to lost. with the Japanese Government, imports are get the domestic auto industry moving again The legislation would also damage the taking 30 percent of our domestic market, and stop the loss of jobs in the auto sector. Reagan Administration's efforts to obtain with Japan claiming 25 percent. Indeed, the The Reagan Administration has raised the reciprocal trade liberalization. We have United States trade deficit with Japan in July 29, 1982 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 18719 autos amounts to $13 billion of the total Much of the price advantage Japanese car gales last March when it hired its first crew trade deficit with Japan of $16 billion. makers enjoy does not come from high of young Mexican workers to cut and wrap The domestic content bill, currently American labor costs, but from the under­ wiring harnesses. before Congress, would greatly help to valued yen. Trade Representative William American labor unions have attacked remedy this one-sided flow of automobile E. Brock and many respected economists be­ these operations as "runaway plants" that trade with Japan lieve the yen should have a value far above are no less exporters of United States jobs Because auto content legislation has its current level relative to the dollar. that the foreign imports that American cor­ picked up significant momentum, opponents And those who raise the issue that car porations have appealed to Washington to have begun to mount a counteroffensive prices will go up overlook the tremendous curtail. rooted in a number of myths that fail to ad­ cost to the economy as a result of inaction. "There was no great need for them to cut dress the new trade realities. Layoffs in the auto industry have, in the the comer on the dollar as long as times Myth 1: Any departure by the United last two years, cost taxpayers an estimated were good," said Rex Hardesty, the A.F.L.­ States from "free trade" in autos would do $50 billion in lost tax revenues and social C.I.O.'s Washington spokesman. "But they more harm than good. payouts. make a grab for the coolie wages as soon as Fact: A failure to insure a strong Ameri­ Opponents of the bill have wildly overesti­ things get tight and it become cost-effective can auto industry would be economically mated its potential impact on car prices to for them to do so.'' devastating to the entire United States the consumer. The kneejerk "free traders" But the corporations contributing to the economy. One of every six jobs in our econo­ made similar predictions prior to the volun­ boom in maquilas, an untranslatable term my is auto-related. Continued erosion of the tary auto export restraint agreement whose root is Spanish for "machine," argue industry will further worsen the unemploy­ reached by the Japanese Government. that American labor costs are out of line ment crisis, which at present is the most Those predictions of strong escalation of do­ with world competition, that many Ameri­ severe since the Depression. mestic car prices did not come true. cans will not perform the tedious, unskilled Passage of content legislation would result And, the fact that Honda will be produc­ handwork to which the maquilas are limited in protecting nearly 941,000 jobs in this ing cars here is a further indication that the by law, and that the Mexican plants provide country. Failure to pass the legislation legislation should not have a major infla­ an outlet for American materials while would mean further loss of jobs for Ameri­ tionary impact. aiding Mexican's economy. can workers. It is time to stop believing myths and look "We have observed over the past five Opponents of the bill consistently under­ at the truth about local content legislation. estimate the number of jobs affected by years that the cost of our products were be­ To be sure, it would not solve all of the auto coming less competitive in the world content legislation. They look at the industry's problems, such as high interest number of new jobs it would create and fail market," said James Tolley, a spokesman rates and overall stagnation of the economy. for American Motors, expressing a view to consider the numbers of existing jobs But is is absolutely vital to the industry's re­ that will be lost should the bill not be en­ similar to that of other auto makers. "We covery. The U.A.W. has shown great respon­ therefore established a strategy to continue acted. sibility in recent contract bargaining with They also consistently underestimate the to operate U.S. plants, but to expand in auto makers as part of an effort to get the Mexico to average our cost downward.'' size of the supplier industry and overesti­ auto indusrtry and the country moving mate the alleged loss of jobs in the import again. We've done our part, now it's up to REFUSAL TO DISCLOSE WAGES pipeline. The opponents, for example, fail to Washington to do its part. American Motors refus~d to disclose the acknowledge that there will be minimal job wage rates at its plant here, terming the im­ loss in the import pipeline-because most of [From the New York Times, July 25, 19821 formation a "proprietary" secret But em­ . those jobs will still be needed, such as make U.S. AUTo MAKERs USING MORE MExico ployees of Coleman Products de Mexico, ready jobs, import dealership jobs, among PLANTs interviewed on their lunch break at the others. Parque Industrial a few Iniles south of here, Myth 2: Passage of the legislation would said they received 2,400 Mexican pesos, spark a trade war. NOGALES, MExico, July 18.-Detroit's auto­ about $50, for a 48-hour week, which works Fact: Thirty-one countries now have con­ mobile companies, like other American man­ out to slightly more than $1.04 an hour. tent laws for their auto industries. Many ufacturers, are setting up an increasing American Motors also refused to disclose have had content requirements for 20 years number of plants in border towns like this pay levels at its two Coleman Product plants and have far stiffer provisions than those in one where American-made materials are as­ in the United States, in Coleman, Wis., and H.R. 5133. None to our knowledge have ever sembled into finished products by inexpen­ Iron River, Mich. Both plants, in small, been challenged under GATT. sive Mexican labor. rural towns, have twiced rejected affiliation The United States remains the only truly The goods assembled in these plants, with the United Automobile Workers, whose open auto market. Italy limits imported cars which the Mexicans call maquilas, are then members in manufacturing jobs earn up­ to 2,000 per auto maker per year. In France, brought back to the United States under wards of $12 an hour and whose benefits imports are limited to 2.5 percent of total special tariff rates. push the total hourly labor add another $8 sales. Britain and West Germany both have As the United States recession has deep­ an hour to that. a "gentleman's agreement" that holds ened and some 10 million Americans, includ­ Company officials insisted that the Mexi­ Japan to 11 percent and 10 percent, respec­ ing a quarter million auto workers, have lost can plant did not take United States jobs be­ tively, of their auto markets. their jobs, the number of employees in the cause its two plants there were operating at Japan itself has Government require­ maquilas grew to 128,000 by June 1981 from capacity. ments for domestic content. When it has 91,000 in 1979, a 40 percent increase. The purchased civilian and military planes from number of plants, meanwhile, grew from THE TARIFF EXEMPTIONS Boeing, McDonnell Douglas, and Lockheed, 459 to 604, according to the Commerce De­ The maquilas operate under strict regula­ Japan used the leverage of its large pur­ partment's latest figures. tions on both side of the border. The Mexi­ chases to obtain needed employment and Calculators, clothing, suitcases, sunglasses can Government allows the United States training of its workers. and a host of other items requiring hand as­ company to import, tax-free, the machinery It is unlikely that passage of content legis­ sembly flow from the plants back into the and raw material needed to perform the lation would result in any damaging retalia­ United States, with automotive components work, provided that the finished product tion by the Japanese. Japan has continued and subassemblies a growing part of the and everything else, including the machin­ to expand trade with nations that have con­ total. ery and even packing crates, is eventually tent laws and other trade policies to protect General Motors opened its first border re-exported to the United States. domestic auto markets. plant in Ciudad Juru-ez in 1979, and began United States tariff regulations, mean­ Myth 3: Since imported Japanese cars are hiring for its lOth one, there and elsewhere, while, exempt these imported products from better and cheaper, content legislation a few weeks ago. It now employs about 5,300 all duties except for the value of the Mexi­ would mean higher prices and poorer qual­ Mexican workers. They assemble wiring can labor added to it. In 1978, the last year ity of American cars. harnesses, motor magnets, turn signal stalks for which the Commerce Department has Fact: The legislation will bring more com­ and numerous other auto components. assembled the figures, this amounted to panies into production here. And competi­ Ford, making interior trim. employs 180 at $12.7 billion. tion from those companies will make car its plant in Ciudad Jul\rez, Chrysler, assem­ Mexico is the main location for such oper­ prices less inflationary than they have been bling wire harnesses, also has an 800-em­ ations by United States companies, but the in the past. ployee operation there. system also operates extensively elsewhere, The American companies would also con­ And American Motors, through its subsidi­ including the Carribean, where American­ tinue to be pressured by competition from ary, Coleman Products Inc., joined Caterpil­ woven and cut fabrics are sewn into clothes. foreign producers in product quality, design, lar Tractor, Samsonite luggage and Foster The legislative principles behind the duty engineering and production innovations. Grant sunglasses, among others, here in No- exemptions for all but the value of labor 18720 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 29, 1982 added outside the country date from the up all day, and we can only go to the wash­ perts, today, may scoff at the thought 18th century in United States tariff law. room when our turn comes. But I have $1 $4 They hold that materials whose production never had a good job like this before.''e of trillion deficit and a trillion has already been taxed at its origins in the national debt. I, for one, am not con­ United States should not be subject to new vinced these figures are that out of levies upon being brought back after assem­ FEDERAL BUDGET AND DEBT hand. bly or finishing abroad. Mexico encour!l-ges the plants because Regardless of the political rhetoric, they reduce this country's enormous pool of HON. RON PAUL if Government continues to spend, surplus labor at minimal but decent wages OF TEXAS spend, spend, then we may very possi­ by local standards. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES bly reach these levels, if the economy PAYROLL TAXES AID CITIES Thursday, July 29, 1982 survives. I am convinced, as is Dr. Through payroll taxes, the plants, mean­ • Mr. PAUL. Mr. Speaker, recently, in Sennholz, that the only real way to while, pay local taxes that in Ciudad Juarez, rereading "Inflation, or Gold Stand­ stop the abuses which have, unfortu­ where most of the plants are situated, nately, become a part of the way the amount to more than half of all city re­ ard?" a booklet by Prof. Hans Senn­ ceipts, according to studies done at the Uni­ hob, I came across some interesting U.S. Government operates, is the cre­ versity of Texas at El Paso across the figures regarding the Federal budget ation of dollar which has real value border. and debt. In his booklet, Professor and can not be debased by the Govern­ Besides Ciudad Juarez and Nogales, the Sennholz projects 1983 receipts at ment. I am sure Dr. Sennholz would plants also operate in Matamoros, opposite $700 billion, expenditures at $825 bil­ be happy to be wrong about his 1993 Brownsville, Texas, Nuevo Laredo, across lion, a $125 billion deficit and a nation­ projections if it was because Congress from Laredo, Tex., and Tijuana, below the $1.4 California line. al debt of trillion. At first appear­ had the foresight and responsibility to "They may be taking some money out of ance, there is nothing suprising about enact a sound monetary system-a the pockets of workers in Lorraine, Ohio, these figures. They are very close to dollar backed by gold.e and Detroit by putting more jobs down many of the numerous projections there," said Prof. Ellwyn R. Stoddard of the currently being offered by the so­ University of Texas at E1 Paso, "but they called experts. What is so amazing AMERICA NEEDS H.R. 5540, DE­ put it back into the American communities about Professor Sennholz' projections FENSE INDUSTRIAL BASE RE­ and in other workers' pockets by providing is that they were made in 1973. an outlet for the materials the maquilas VITALIZATION ACT use." Current Congressional Budget It has also been argued that the maquilas Office projections for fiscal year 1983 reduce illegal Mexican immigration by pro­ call for $661 billion in receipts, $777.5 HON. MARY ROSE OAKAR viding jobs south of the border, although billion in expenditures, a $146 billion OF OHIO Professor Stoddard and other experts on deficit for a national debt of $1.33 tril­ the maquila system dispute this on the lion. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ground that most of the workers in the It is interesting to note that Senn­ Thursday, July 29, 1982 plants are women, while most of the illegal holz' projections, made 7 years earlier aliens crossing the border are men. and at considerably less expense, are • Ms. OAKAR. Mr. Speaker, within SOME CRITICS IN MEXICO much closer to our current state of the next few weeks the House of Rep­ The system has its critics among Mexi­ budgetary morass then those project­ resentatives will have the opportunity cans, too. A study by the Center for Third ed by the Congressional Budget Office to strike a major blow toward World Economic and Social Studies in strengthening our national security Mexico City speaks of the disruption of tra­ in 1979. Compared to our present ditional Mexican family life because most of mess, and Dr. Sennholz's projections and economic well being. That oppor­ the plants' work forces are young women, the CBO estimate paints an optimistic tunity will be the House vote on H.R. lured to the border by jobs paying five times picture. In 1979, CBO projected $777 5540, the Defense Industrial Base Re­ the going rate of unskilled labor in the local billion in receipts, $745 billion in ex­ vitalization Act. economy. penditures, including a $94 billion This legislation calls for the modern­ Perhaps for these reasons, the American fiscal drag offset, a surplus of $32 bil­ corporations are sensitive to charges of ex- ization of key segments of U.S. indus­ . ploitation and appear glad to operate under lion and a national debt of $958 bil­ try, especially small- and medium-sized a system of considerably greater secrecy lion. subcontractors and suppliers which than is normally possible in the United What Professor Sennholz recog­ provide most of our manufacturing States. nized, and I might add considerably jobs. It also provides for training thou­ The manager of Coleman Products de sooner than our own experts, was the sands of workers in skills that are in Mexico, the American Motors subsidiary, re­ hypocritical double speak advanced by fused to let a reporter inside his plant, de­ short supply and where job vacancies politicians who pay lipservice to fiscal exist right now. It encourages the pro­ scribing what goes on there, like the wages responsibility and continue to vote for paid, as "proprietary." duction of critical and strategic mate­ Xavier Partidas, a foreman at the new budgets calling for blllions and billions in deficits. Who is the chief benefactor rials in the United States instead of re­ Coleman plant, spoke willingly, however. lying on imports. And it will update "We have all women, 98 percent women, on of Government policies which result in the assembly line," he said as he stepped deficits financed by printing-press equipment and instruments in our col­ out for a breath of fresh air the other day, money? Government. Not only does leges and universities to train critically "and the biggest problem for them is the government finance its deficits with needed scientific, professional, and standing up. I think they are happy to work "funny money" but, the resulting in­ technical personnel. there but they do not like the standing, so The gentleman from Rhode Island, we are always getting a rotation of work­ flation, which robs everyone, reduces ers." Government debt at a rate faster than Mr. ST GERMAIN, who is the distin­ But jobs in the maquilas are eagerly it will ever be paid off. guished chairman of the House Com­ sought. Perhaps the most ominous warning mittee on Banking, Finance and Urban Rosa, the only name she offered, a woman sounded by Dr. Sennholz' projections, Affairs, has written an eloquent article who said she was 22 years old, said that given that he was accurate for 1983, for the Christian Science Monitor on before she went to work for Coleman Prod­ are his estimates of 1993 spending. for ucts, the only job she had found had been this subject. The problems of our 1993, Dr. Sennholz' projections call for aging industrial base certainly affect repacking the tomatoes that stream $3 $4 through Nogales to the United States late trillion in receipts, trillion in ex­ my congressional district in Cleveland each winter. The pay was "poco, poco"­ penditures, a deficit of $1 trillion, and and perhaps those of all Members of very little. a national debt of $4 trillion. Just as the House. "They treat us very well," she said. "It is a 10 years ago a $125 billion deficit very good job except that we have to stand sounded ludicrous to the so-called ex- The text of the article follows: July 29, 1982 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 18721 [From the Christian Science Monitor, Apr. This law has been used from time to time GEORGE SHULTZ' QUALIFICA­ 27, 1982] to attack all manner of problems. It was SAVING THE "SAFETY NET" FOR DEFENSE used to get the Alaska pipeline underway­ TIONS AND QUALITIES PRODUCTION cutting at least one year from the pipeline's (By F'ERNAND J. ST GERMAIN) time schedule at a saving of hundreds of HON. ROBERT J. LAGOMARSINO If the United States has to expand its pro­ millions of dollars to the American taxpay­ OF CALIFORNIA er. More recently it was used to launch the ductive capacities rapidly in order to accel­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES erate the national defense buildup, can the nation's synthetic fuels production effort. industrial system deliver-in quantity, in By these new amendments, the President Thursday, July 29, 1982 quality, and, most important, in time? would be directed to get modernization of e Mr. LAGOMARSINO. Mr. Speaker, There are at present about 25,000 prime our defense industrial base underway. He I wish to bring to the attention of my contractors engaged in defense-related pro­ could use authority already provided by the duction. As a practice, these companies DPA-mainly financial incentives such as colleagues an excellent commentary farm out a great deal of work to 50,000 sub­ loan guarantees, purchase agreements, price by William Randolph Hearst, Jr., contractors. guarantees, and direct loans. We would try about the new Secretary of State Defense-related production may or may to zero this effort in on the more than George Shultz. not make up the bulk of this group's annual 50,000 defense-related contractors and sup­ I believe the description of Mr. output, but they are, to all intents and pur­ Shultz' qualifications and qualities as poses, an important element in the "safety pliers-by and large small and medium-sized net" of defense production today. businesses-for that is the point where the a statesman are right on the mark, More often than not, when we hear about real obstacles to "revving up" can be expect­ and I am sure my colleagues will production problems, it is this subcontractor ed to occur. agree. I believe the enthusiasm ex­ group that we are talking about. They are The legislation proposes a five-year pro­ pressed by Mr. Hearst for the appoint­ shrinking in number and many are obvious­ gram, costing $5 billion, excluding $250 mil­ ment of Mr. Shultz is widely shared. ly in need of industrial rehabilitation and lion a year for manpower training and re­ OUR NATION; OUR CITIES modernization. Some of their machinery training and $100 million for colleges and SAN SIMEON, CALIF.-This nation's 60th and equipment is very old. universities. Regarding the latter, it is clear Secretary of State, George Pratt Shultz, has It is hard to believe that the average age that "we are eating up our seed com" since of a machine-tool operator today is 58-and launched his latest government career in many students and faculty are being recruit­ impressive style. It was no accident that all he is probably looking forward to retire­ ed to industry, often because this gives ment within the next few years. Significant­ 17 members of the Senate Foreign Relations them access to more modem equipment and Committee recommended him for the post, ly, his replacement has not been found yet, working conditions. We believe they will be nor is he in training, if he has been found. and that the full Senate confirmed his ap­ encouraged to stay on at the university if pointment unanimously. We will need 572,000 by 1987. this need for "modernization" can be met. The same allegations can be made, for dif­ His performance at the Senate hearings fering reasons, concerning tool and die Their valued input for R&D and the future was enough to convince the most skeptical makers; we will need 223,000 by 1987. Elec­ cannot be overlooked. observer that here is a man of unusual trical engineers? 360,000 by 1987. Metal All of this may appear to be very ambi­ talent. He responded to questioning, in his molders? 60,000 by 1987. Computer special­ tious and costly. In fact, is not. Our experi­ low-key fashion, with the skill of a diplomat ists? 547,000 by 1987. Mechanics? 1.8 million ences with the DPA in the past show that and the knowledge of a scholar. He let it be by 1987. The list is almost endless. for every $1 provided, we have been able to known that he wants to keep Israel as our The problem is undeniable. We face seri­ leverage $10-largely in credit assistance. best friend in the Middle East, but he said ous shortages in a number of critical voca­ That means we would likely be able to lever­ so in a manner that did not for a moment tions and skills. These delinquencies will be age about $50 billion in assistance-and for diminish his concern for the Arab world and much more apparent if and when the US the homeless Palestinians. the modernization of a critical portion of I was happy to note that one of the first gets into "surge" production in certain key the nation's industrial base. industries. moves of Secretary Shultz was to have a Should we, then, throw up our hands and Even if the program is undertaken on a chat with Henry Kissinger. He certainly re­ conclude: "What's the use? We can never more conservative 2-for-1 basis, a minimum ceived some good advice from the brilliant catch up or get back into the ball game?'' of $10 billion would be pumped into the former secretary of state. He also sent out Nothing could be further from the truth­ system. I am inclined to believe that if eco­ signals that he intends to be a truly biparti­ especially if you remember your history a nomic conditions were to worsen further, san official, and not a Republican secretary bit. those leverage ratios would rise. of state. That was the pattern established A good example was given by one of the The advantages of the program are nu­ under the administrations of Presidents Ei­ witnesses before Congress last year who di­ merous. senhower and Nixon, and it is good for the country that the policy will be continued rected attention to an article from Fortune It would accelerate the re-engineering and magazine that summed up America's state under the leadership of George Shultz. retooling of a number of industries, and Those who have followed the career of of industrial preparedness: "No programs to hurry the process of their modernization. organize manpower exist; widespread short­ George Shultz were not surprised by the ages of critical materials; means for indus­ It could vastly improve our ability to be dispatch with which he began to reorganize trial expansion seriously constrained; no more competitive on a worldwide basis in es­ the State Department. Scarcely had the ap­ plans for national priorities; threat of desta­ sential industries such as machine tooling, plause for his performance at the Senate bilizing inflation; lack of public understand­ forging, diecasting and the like. hearings died down when the new secretary ing of a job ahead; and uncertain will." It could aid many of our skilled and pro­ of state began assembling his team. The irony of that summary lies in the fact fessional workers through retraining and For his deputy he turned to an old friend that the article he referred to was published upgrading of their skills, and provide new and associate, Kenneth W. Dam, the pro­ in 1941-about four months before Pearl recruiting opportunities within the labor vost at the University of Chicago. The un­ Harbor. force for those left without hope or chance dersecretary of state for economic affairs We know what followed: for entry. will be the chancellor at the University of We did the job of building up our industri­ Rochester, W. Allen Wallis. And the associ­ al base so well that we actually reached a The current status of America's defense ate director of the Office of Management point where we could produce more than industrial base is a matter of debate and and Budget, William Schneider, will be the could be lost to the Axis powers in combat doubt. Its revitalization could, however, undersecretary in charge of coordinating se­ . vate and public life. 18722 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 29, 1982 Second, the appointees emphasize the fact H.R. 5539. Federal Reclamation Law H. Con. Res. 345. First Concurrent Budget that the new secretary is an economist. Amendments. Amendment to allow larger Resolution. Amdendment to inrease funding They have experience in management and farms to receive subsidized federal water. for education in the Republican substitute fiscal affairs, and surely will bring stability No. Passed 228-117. budget. Offset by savings elsewhere. Yes. to the State Department ability to handle H.R. 6294. Single Family Housing Produc­ Passed 343-72. the fiscal aspects of foreign affairs. tion Act. Authorized funds for mortgage in­ H. Con. Res. 345. First Concurrent Budget The Shultz team is thus being buttressed terest subsidies on new single-family homes. Resolution. Amendment to restore full by impressive experience in administration Yes. Passed 349-55. funding for Medicare program. Yes. Passed and commendable expertise in the field of H.R. 5922. Supplemental Appropriations. 228-196. economics. It all measures up as a firm Amendment to terminate a large part of the H. Con. Res. 345. First Concurrent Budget foundation for the future of the State De­ Mine Safety and Health Administration and Resolution. Amendment to provide a 7% partment, and a statemanlike feather in the its authority to endorse safety and health federal cost-of-living-adjustment instead of cap of the new secretary of state. standards on surface mining of stone, clay, the 4% provided in the budget substitutes. Henry Kissinger made an interesting com­ sand,etc. No. Failed 186-220. Yes. Failed 143-281. ment about the Shultz appointment. He H.R. 5879. NASA authorization. Amend­ H. Con. Res. 345. First Concurrent Budget said, "We may have struck gold this time." I ment to reduce NASA aeronautical, re­ Resolution. Amendment to increase the fed­ share his enthusiasm.• search and technology authorization from eral emplyee COLA to 5% from 4%. Yes. $267 million to $232 million No. Failed 169- Passed 259-159. 204. H. Con. Res. 345. First Concurrent Budget LIST OF KEY VOTES H.R. 5890. NASA authorization. Author­ Resolution. An amendment to remove the izes $6.6 billion for NASA in FY 1983. Yes. 4% "cap" on federal civilian and military re­ HON.DONALDJ.PEASE Passed 277-84. tiree pension COLAs. Yes. Passed 327-94. OF OHIO S. 1230. Olympic Gold Coin Act. Amend­ H. Con. Res. 345. First Concurrent Budget ment changing the number and method of Resolution. Amendment to increase funding IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES sale of a special issue gold coin. The una­ for Justice Department crime control. Yes. Thursday, July 29, 1982 mended bill would have allowed a private Failed 152-264. marketer, not the Olympic Committee, to H. Con. Res. 345. First Concurrent Budget e Mr. PEASE. Mr. Speaker, it has realize most of any profit. Yes. Passed 302- Resolution. Amendment to remove "recon­ become my practice to periodically 84. ciliation" instructions that would order the insert in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD a H. Con. Res. 345. First Budget Resolution. Education and Labor Committees to save list of key votes that I have cast in the Obey amendment to change outlay and rev­ $73 million. No. Failed 193-225. U.S. House of Representatives. enue targets to reach a deficit lower than H. Con. Res. 345. First Concurrent Budget The list is arranged in the following that proposed by President Reagan. Yes. Resolution. Amendment to delete "deferred manner: Each item begins with the Failed 152-268. enrollment" provision until after a second number of the bill or resolution that H. Con. Res. 345. First Budget Resolution, budget resolution. This allowed a major is Black Caucus substitute, as amended. Deficits of $98 guaranteed loans made to Poland. Yes. rity. No. Failed 182-242. billion, $69 billion, and $35 billion over 3 Failed 152-256. H. Con. Res. 345. First Concurrent Budget years. Yes. Failed 137-289. S. 1503. Adoption of the conference report Resolution. Pease amendment to express H. Con. Res. 345. First Concurrent Budget on the Standby Petroleum Allocation Act. the sense of the House that tax loopholes Resolution. Adoption of Jones substitute. Deficit of $105 bil­ to allocate petroleum products in the event Yes. Failed 68-342. lion in fiscal year 1983, $75 billion in 1984, of severe national shortages. . Yes. Passed 246-144. Resolution. Amendment to add a non-bind­ Failed 171-253. H.R. 5708. Extension of the National ing target to limit tax expenditures to $273 billion in FY 1983. Yes. Failed Resolution. Adoption of the resolution. housing mortgage assistance for low and 164-246. Deficits levels of $104 billion, $73 billion, middle income families. Yes. Passed 341-54. H. Con. Res. 345. First Concurrent Budget and $35 billion over 3 years. Yes. Failed 159- S. 2254. Flextime extension. Authorizes an Resolution. Substitute amendment by 265. additional 4 months of experimentation Chairman Jones of the Budget Committee. H.R. 4. Conference Report on the Intelli­ with flexible and compressed federal work Increased revenues and outlays over Latta gence Identities Protection Act. Imposes schedules. Yes. Passed 361-33. bill to reduce cutbacks in Medicare and stu­ criminal penalties for disclosure of U.S. H. Res. 378. Committee Funding Resolu­ dent loan programs. Yes. Failed 175-237. agents, even if such knowledge is already tion. Reduced committee funding by H. Con. Res. 345. First Concurrent Budget public. No. Passed 315-32. $702,835 from committee recommended Resolution. Amendment to reduce revenues, -H.R. 5922. Urgent Supplemental Appro­ level. Yes. Passed 416-0. thereby increasing the federal deficit by priations. Motion not to allow amendments H.R. 5798. Extension of International over $52 billion over 3 years. No. Failed 178- to be offered to repeal Congressional tax Energy Authority. Continued specific ex­ 237. benefit changes of 1981. No. Failed 176-218. emptions in law to allow energy information H. Con. Res. 60. Federal Trade Commis­ H.R. 5922. Urgent Supplemental Appro­ sharing for the coordinated multi-country sion Used Car Rule. Vote to overturn an priations. Amendment to repeal Congres­ lEA program. Yes. Passed 211-163. FTC rule that would have required car deal­ sional tax benefits approved in 1982. Yes. H.R. 3208. Reclamation Safety of Dams. ers to post information about warranties Passed 356-43. Amendment to require water users to repay and major mechanical defects on all used H. Con. Res. 352. First Concurrent Budget the Federal Government for costs of im­ cars. Yes. Passed 286-133. Resolution . Amendment estab­ proving dams Yes. Passed 212-140. H. Con. Res. 345. First Concurrent Budget lishing budget with deficits of $108 billion, H.R. 4613. Debt Collection Act of 1982. Resolution. Amendment to decrease defense $74 billion, and $42 billion. Yes. Failed 202- Authorizes the Internal Revenue Service to funding by $16 billion 225. disclose to other federal agencies addresses to decrease federal deficit. Yes. Failed 125- H. Con. Res. 352. First Concurrent Budget for use in collecting federal debts. Yes. 295. Resolution . Adoption of conference report in Harlem, and we wanted one in Brooklyn," providing deficits of $104 billion, $84 billion, Sister Nirmala, a tiny woman with a lovely IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and $60 billion over the next 3 years. No. smile, explained. "We asked Bishop Francis Thursday, July 29, 1982 Passed 210-208. Mugavero if we could come to Brooklyn. He H.R. 4326. Small Business Innovation Act. accepted immediately. Then it was a ques­ e Mr. LIVINGSTON. Mr. Speaker, I Amendment to eliminate the bill's "set­ tion of where we would live. We asked for a want to speak in favor of the adminis­ aside" for small businesses. No. Failed 118- place in a poor neighborhood. That was our tration's proposed 5-year OCS leasing 290. only requirement, that the neighborhood schedule. H.R. 5922 Urgent Supplemental Appro­ must be poor. We were offered this convent As a Representative from Louisiana priations. Attempt to override Presidential in Our Lady of Lourdes parish. It was exact­ and as a former member of the Select veto. Yes. Failed 253-151 ly." H.R. 6682. Urgent Supplemental Appro­ A minor problem arose the other day. It ly qualified to speak on this subject. priations-revised bill. Removed $3 billion seems the beds delivered to the convent for The need for increased domestic housing stimulus program that President the sisters were too new to suit them. The energy production is obvious to objected to. Yes. Passed 267-106. beds had been ordered by the pastor of Our anyone who has followed the events of H.R. 6685. Urgent Supplemental Appro­ Lady of Lourdes, Father Ed Smith, through the past 9 years. On two occasions, priations-an alternative in case President the diocesan purchasing office. There was 1973 and 1979, this Nation has been objected to above bill. Yes. Passed 342-25.e nothing fancy about them. They were just thrown into economic and social tur­ ordinary beds. But the sisters politely told moil because of our reliance on foreign Father Smith to return them. "We have MOTHER TERESA'S WORK some used beds coming from Rikers Island," nations for enormous quantities of our BEGINS IN BROOKLYN they explained. domestic oil needs. As I know the When a bed is too shabby for a jail cell, Members of this body are aware, the one of Mother Teresa's nuns will demand to situation with our strategic and criti­ HON. STEPHEN J. SOLARZ sleep on it. cal materials is even worse. The con­ OF NEW YORK Mother Teresa started out several decades nection between our strategic re­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ago caring for the dying in the streets of sources and OCS oil and gas is that Thursday, July 29, 1982 Calcutta, and now there are 2,000 of her past policies have hindered both the Missionary Sisters of Charity in cities e Mr. SOLARZ. Mr. Speaker, most around the world. The Bushwick branch is stockpiling and development of these acts of kindness and good will escape what is called contemplative-that is, these crucial natural resources. I believe this our notice in these busy days. Those sisters spend most of their time praying for administration's new 5-year OCS pro­ who devote their lives to such deeds the rest of us. Meditation, spiritual reading gram will solve one of these crucial seldom receive adequate thanks or ap­ and adoration of the Blessed Sacrament fill problems. preciation for their efforts. Today, I most of their day. Every day will begin at The OCS oil and gas program is not would like my colleagues to be aware 4:30 a.m. in the convent chapel. only a prime source of domestic "We go out mornings from 9:45 until 12:15 energy, but it is a direct and indirect that such special people exist right in to meet people," Sister Nirmala told me. our home communities. We are all fa­ "We knock on doors. We talk to people on benefit to our national and local miliar with Mother Teresa, the won­ the street. We meet Jesus in the people." economies. If the offshore industry derful nun and Nobel Prize winner Many of us would feel fear in Bushwick, were to fold in either the Gulf of who cares for the sick, dying, and the but not these humble nuns armed with Mexico or any area where any signifi­ needy the world over. Now, at the invi­ faith. It is difficult for New Yorkers, frantic cant development has taken place, tation of Bishop Francis Mugavero, folks that we are, to understand what they there would be an immediate economic she and her nuns are spreading their do. I asked Father Smith how he would de­ panic. The unemployment rolls would scribe their vocation. "They do the same swell, the tax base of the area would effort to Brooklyn, N.Y. I would like thing Jesus did," he said. "They walk to take this opportunity to submit an around and talk to people." dwindle, and we would develop areas article from yesterday's Daily News by The sisters have tea every afternoon and of economic depression. This does not Bill Reel which eloquently shows the recreation every evening for half an hour. include the negative impact from the great amount of good these women They have no TV, no radio, no stereo. "We loss of oil and gas production. can do in our neighborhoods. In con­ sit and talk and mend our clothes during The Gulf of Mexico has been used as clusion, I would like to join with my recreation," one of them, Sister Francita, an example of every aspect of offshore New York colleagues in wishing said with a big smile. "We talk about what oil activity. It has been cited as the we did that day, about the people we met." pinnacle of safety of the OCS program Mother Teresa and her apostolates Bishop Mugavero will welcome these won­ the utmost success in their latest derful women at a special Mass at 9 a.m. and has also been used as a prime ex­ effort and expressing our confidence today at Our Lady of Lourdes Church on ample of the program's greatest and gratitude for their efforts. Furman St. A procession across Bushwick abuses. Yet through this process of [From the Daily News, July 27, 19821 Ave. to the convent will follow. Mother offshore industry cut its teeth and was Teresa and her sisters will greet well-wish­ weaned in the Gulf of Mexico. Nearly LOOK WHo's MOVING TO BUSHWICK ers. The public is invited. every conceivable problem that the into use the Boeing IUS for the planetary women for the job market. Many op­ the peace process. The solution to the ques­ flights to Jupiter and the Solar Polar portunities for women have opened up tion is complicated, but possible. It would as a direct result of the program. Ms. involve the participation and good will of Mission flight, the IUS would have the Arab nations. Now that the PLO has been tested a dozen times before. Now Thompson's appointment places these been removed as a military power in the NASA is faced with flying half-billion­ gains in serious jeopardy. region, a force capable of blackmailing Arab dollar spacecrafts on Centaur upper The administration's action in this nations into support, it is possible that stages that have never been flown case is not particularly surprising. Jordan and Saudi Arabia will finally be will­ before. WEEA has been a favorite target of ing to negotiate with Israel.e We are plain and simply wasting the the administration since it assumed taxpayers' money. Deciding on what office. SYSTEM FOR A BOOSTER system to use for a booster rocket In his 1982 budget proposal, Presi­ ROCKET should not be determined by politi­ dent Reagan attempted to weaken the cians but should be left to the discre­ program by reducing its funding and HON. HAROLD C. HOLLENBECK tion of the technical experts.e incorporating it into a block grant. After Congress rejected this attempt, OF NEW JERSEY the director of the program, Dr. Leslie IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES WOMEN'S RIGHTS Wolfe, was removed at a crucial phase Thursday, July 29, 1982 of the grant review process. e Mr. HOLLENBECK. Mr. Speaker, I HON. RON WYDEN Now, in his 1983 budget, the Presi­ want to discuss the Congress appropri­ OF OREGON dent has proposed killing the program ating money for an upper stage rocket IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES altogether. system that the Pentagon, NASA, and But though it is not surprising, the the White House all have said is not Thursday, July 29, 1982 administration's decision to appoint needed. • Mr. WYDEN. Mr. Speaker, women Ms. Thompson to this important post In spite of the fact that the Boeing have been dealt another severe blow is very disturbing. Appointing a Co. has built and is delivering eight by the administration. After summari­ staunch opponent of the program IUS units at a cost in excess of $700 ly firing the Executive Director of the makes a mockery of the National Advi­ million for a solid fuel upper stage for National Advisory Council on sory Council-and of women's rights. military and civilian spacecraft, the Women's Educational Programs, the I urge my colleagues to join me in Congress has passed legislation administration now has seen fit to re- protesting this action.e