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No. 3 of 2013 Email: Keith@The-Time-Traveller.Com Keith Tankard www.the-time-traveller.com No. 3 of 2013 email: [email protected] In this issue: • Towns named after Dutch governors ................................ 2 • What have I learned? ............................................ 3 • Once there were giants . ...................................... 4 • The great southern African fossilised desert . 5 • The strange case of the Cajuns .................................... 6 • Sir Harry Smith harangues the enemy . 7 • This week in the press ........................................... 8 Join me on Facebook @ Keith Tankard, Historian Towns named after Dutch governors While researching Graaff Reinet for the last edition, questions once again raised themselves. Two in particular. Official sites state that the town is the fifth oldest in the Cape Colony, while there’s a claim it was one of only two towns to be named after a Dutch governor. One wonders which other town this web site had in mind? Presumably Plettenberg Bay because it’s the closest to Graaff Reinet, and was named after Governor Joachim van Plettenberg (1771-1785). The town was established in 1779, just seven years before the founding of Graaff Reinet. But there were others . several of them. What about Stellenbosch and Simonstown, both named after Governor Simon van der Stel who ruled the Cape from 1679 to 1699? And Swellendam, named after Governor Hendrik Swellengrebel (1739-1751)? And then there’s Tulbach after Governor Ryk Tulbach (1751-1771). And what about Jansenville which is said to have been named after Governor Jan Willem Janssens (1803-1806), the very last governor before the British captured the Cape for the second time. A moot point would be the towns named after Jan van Riebeeck (1652-1662) because perhaps he was a commander and not a governor? Hmmmmm. Governor Cornelis van de Graaff Another town named after a very high profile person in the Dutch administration was Uitenhage, after Jacob Abraham Uitenhage de Mist but he was Commissioner-General of the Cape Colony and therefore of higher rank even than the governor. Indeed, it was he who appointed Janssens in 1803. It’s interesting that Graaff Reinet was indeed the fifth town in the Cape Colony. In fact, after the Colony had been around for almost a century, there were still only two recognised towns: Cape Town and Stellenbosch. That’s how slowly it was growing. And then there came Swellendam in 1743, followed by Plettenberg Bay in 1779 and Graaff Reinet in 1786. Each was named after a Governor. Slow going, huh? But then again, the Great Trek hadn’t yet taken place, and they wouldn’t have known about the diamonds in Griqualand West or the gold on the Witwatersrand. That would take another century. 2 What have I learned? It’s now a year since Broken Promises was published. (That’s my book on the German settlers to the Eastern Cape.) And I have learned lots and lots of things. Such as that it’s an “independent book” whereas I had thought at the time that it was “self-published”. What’s the difference? Author Joanna Penn says that “indie books” are published by authors who are very serious about what they do, and who enter the field of self-publishing as a business, trying to reach perfection with their books. A “self-published” book, on the other hand, is mostly written for one’s family and the friends whom one manages to blackmail into buying it. It’s usually in paper format in the belief that that’s what a book should be. Some years ago, an acquaintance (whom I had helped) finally published his “book” which turned out to be a 30 page photostat with poor quality pictures and bound with a plastic slide-on spine. Of course, the author had no intention of making any profit. In fact, he only produced ten copies which he gave away to some museums and friends. But I was very saddened by this finished product because the author owed it to everyone to do better than that. After all, he had embarked upon some thorough research and yet only a very few people were entertained or enlightened by his document. Anyone else who wished to know more about his topic would have to re-research it for themselves . which is very sad indeed. His “book” deserved a better end than that. But there’s something else I’ve learned about “independent” publishing: When one uses a “real” publisher, everything is taken out of the author’s hands. And then the book ends up in bookshops. Who buys it? Who reads it? No-one knows, not even the publisher. Broken Promises, on the other hand, was personally posted to each and every reader, each with a little message and sometimes with some correspondence beforehand. And at least 50% of my readers now regard me as their friend, and they email me occasionally and have told me what they thought of my book. Only nice things, of course! In fact, an email just the other night was so touching that it reduced me to tears. This doesn’t often happen when one goes through the traditional route. And so I’ve learned that “independent” publishing is actually a lot of fun. My next book, part of my Time Travellers series and which I am now calling Genesis will be given away free. Publishers don’t usually allow that sort of thing but independent publishers do. Why? Because it’s fun. And good for marketing. Watch this space! 3 Once there were giants . “These astounding photos are from a recent archaeological discovery in Greece,” states an email that keeps doing the rounds. The email then continues: “This totally unexpected find furnishes proof of the existence of ‘Nephilim’. ‘Nephilim’ is the word used to describe the giants spoken of in biblical times by Enoch as well as the giant David fought against (Goliath). Note the incredible size of the skull . “Just to show that the Bible is true with history lessons that are applicable both then and today and it is not just a spiritual book. This is amazing.” True? Not true? Hmmmmm. It is, of course, a hoax. The pictures were the creation of a Canadian photographer who goes under the name of “IronKite”, who started with an aerial photo of a mastodon excavation in Hyde Park, New York, in 2000. He then digitally superimposed a human skeleton over the beast's remains. He later added a digging man but who is carrying a stick rather than a shovel because the shovel head got in the way of the skeleton and so had to be photo-shopped away. It took IronKite only 90 minutes to create the entire hoax, which is certainly some feat. David Mikkelson of Snopes.com says that such hoaxes succeed because they seem to confirm something people are already inclined to believe, such as a prejudice, political viewpoint, or a religious belief. As long as it is presented "in a framework that has the appearance of credibility", it will succeed. Even newspapers have published these pictures as a genuine archaeological discovery proving the Book of Genesis to be correct. 4 The great southern African fossilised desert Have you been to the Golden Gate National Park near Clarens recently? It’s certainly well worth a visit if only to see the remnants of the great southern African fossilised desert which is on display all around you. And also on display are the remnants of the monstrous volcanoes which ripped through that part of the world some 190 million years ago. Brandwag Buttress near Clarens, the remains of a vast southern African desert To get to the bottom of this mystery, one has to go way, way back in time. Indeed, some 300 million years back, to the time when all the continents of the world were last united as a single mega-continent which geologists call “Pangaea”. At the time, therefore, southern Africa was one with South America, India, Australia and Antarctica, forming a sub-continent that came to be known as Gondwana. But such a massive continent had to have a monstrous desert. Aeons upon aeons of sand. Dunes piled upon dunes, hundreds of metres deep. Different colours to mark the different ages. Yellows and oranges and reds. And then, about 190 million years ago, a series of volcanoes tore through the fossilised sand, creating sills and dykes deep underground, while pouring magma over the top of the desert, securing the fossilised sand from erosion. It did slowly erode, however, leaving us today with the spectacular fossilised dune sand cliffs punctuated with vast intrusions of dolerite sills. And, further east, the equally spectacular Drakensberg range of frozen basalt. And let’s not forget the dinosaurs which roamed our world back then, whose fossils have recently also come to light in the Golden Gate National Park. 5 The strange case of the Cajuns Those of us who enjoy culinary delights will know about Cajun dishes, somewhat seasoned and spicy, and with a rather rural appearance. “An authentic Cajun meal,” says Wikipedia, “is usually a three-pot affair, with one pot dedicated to the main dish, one dedicated to steamed rice, special made sausages, or some seafood dish, and the third containing whatever vegetable is plentiful or available.” Ground cayenne & fresh black pepper are used often. But who were these Cajun people and why did they have their name attached to a particular type of cuisine? They were, of course, French speaking. The sound of the word “Cajun” hints at that. They appear originally to have been a group of peasant farmers who left France during the reign of Henry IV in the 16th century when he decided to establish a colony in the New World on what is today the Canadian eastern seaboard (Nova Scotia).
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