March 9, 2007, NIH Record, Vol. LIX, No. 5
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NINR History Book
NINR NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NURSING RESEARCH PHILIP L. CANTELON, PhD NINR: Bringing Science To Life National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR) with Philip L. Cantelon National Institute of Nursing Research National Institutes of Health Publication date: September 2010 NIH Publication No. 10-7502 Library of Congress Control Number 2010929886 ISBN 978-0-9728874-8-9 Printed and bound in the United States of America TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface The National Institute of Nursing Research at NIH: Celebrating Twenty-five Years of Nursing Science .........................................v Acknowledgments ..................................................................................................ix Chapter One Origins of the National Institute of Nursing Research .................................1 Chapter Two Launching Nursing Science at NIH ..............................................................39 Chapter Three From Center to Institute: Nursing Research Comes of Age .....................65 Chapter Four From Nursing Research to Nursing Science ............................................. 113 Chapter Five Speaking the Language of Science ............................................................... 163 Epilogue The Transformation of Nursing Science ..................................................... 209 Appendices A. Oral History Interviews .......................................................................... 237 B. Photo Credits ........................................................................................... 239 -
May 30, 1989, NIH Record, Vol. XLI, No. 11
May 30. 1989 Vol. XU No. 11 U.S. Departmenr of Health and H uman Services National Institutes of Health NIH's 'Legislative Father' Director Reflects on 7½ Years at NIH Bldg. 31 Renamed; ll)' Rich McManus Honors Claude Pepper Par/ one ofa two-part ,eries Under rainy skies char were brighcened Sometime chis sumrner, NIH direccor Dr. purchasing power. During his 7 'Ii-year rerm, considerably by the music of rhe Marine Band, ]tunes B. Wyngaarden will relinquish whar rhc institutes have realized a 35-40 percent Bldg. 31 was recently renamed in honor of many consider the most powerful post in gain in purchasing power. Rep. Claude Denson Pepper (D.-Fla.). The American medicine. He will leave behind a Other statistics salure his dedication to legislative sponsor of all bur one NIH legacy t hat is ac once easily computed and stabilizing and promoting rhc advance of insciruce, Pepper was hailed as NIH's hard ro fathom. biomedical research. Boch the number and "legislative father." Easy co grasp are rhe achievements chat d uration of investigator-initiated research proj Hospitalized in recent weeks for a stomach numbers can capture. Arriving as dircccor on ect grams are up, a robust conscrucrion ailment, Pepper, 88, was unahle to attend the Feb. I, I 982 (though nor formally inducted program is under way on campus, vigorous ceremony rededicaring rhe 28-year-old office until Apr. 30), he gave himself the goal of and talented staff occupy virtually all top building. Speaking in his place was Sen. doubling the NIH bL1dget during his term. -
Duke Health Named Professor
advancing innovation + discovery Duke Health Named Professorships DUKE HEALTH to establish endowed scientific opportunities professorships are gifts here and around the world. Endowed professorships that last forever. Once Great universities succeed are the highest academic inaugurated, they continue on the strength of the honor that the Duke in perpetuity, passing in partnerships they form University School of time from one exceptional with their supporters and Medicine or School of faculty member to the benefactors. Everyone who Nursing can bestow upon a next. Every endowed establishes an endowed faculty member. professorship is both a professorship at Duke These prestigious profound honor for the Health joins with us in positions honor our most faculty member who holds our mission to deliver accomplished physician- it and a meaningful legacy tomorrow’s health care and nurse-scientists and to the visionary benefactor today, accelerate research clinicians. They celebrate who establishes it. and its translation, and Duke University those who demonstrate That legacy is evident in the create education that A. Eugene Washington, extraordinary achievement pages that follow, as we is transforming. We are School of Medicine in advancing scholarship, MD, MSc profile our philanthropic deeply grateful for these Introduction Chancellor for Health Affairs, science, and human Dean Mary E. Klotman, MD 5 Duke University partners who have partners, who, as you health. And perhaps most President and CEO, generously invested in will read, have propelled importantly, they nurture Duke University Health System endowed professorships our professors and our Nobel Prize Recipients 6 innovation, discovery, at Duke Health. They institution to even greater and the expansion of the have demonstrated heights of excellence and Donors & Professors 8 boundaries of knowledge. -
Interview with Dr. James Wyngaarden (JW) Jennifer Midura (JM), Center for Public Genomics, Institute for Genome Sciences & Policy, Duke University December 8, 2006
Interview with Dr. James Wyngaarden (JW) Jennifer Midura (JM), Center for Public Genomics, Institute for Genome Sciences & Policy, Duke University December 8, 2006 JM: The information I am about to give you and your response will now be recorded. My name is Jennifer Midura and I am a student at Duke University. I am in a course on the history of genomics that includes oral history. One goal is to produce a written transcript of interviews with important figures in genomics. Some of the interviews may be archived or made public through a website. I selected you as the person I would like to interview. The interview should last about 45 minutes. Your participation in this interview is strictly voluntary, and you may withdraw at any time. You do not have to answer every question asked. The information that you provide will be “on the record” and may be attributed to you. This interview is being recorded and I will take written notes during the interview. The interviews that are posted publicly will be archived as a history resource. If you prefer that the interview be used only for the course and not made public, please indicate this. One risk of this study is that you may disclose information that later could be requested for legal proceedings. Or you may say something that embarrasses you or offends someone else when they read it on a public website. The benefit of participating in this study is ensuring that your side of the story is properly portrayed in the history of genomics. -
Commemorative Book Letter from Mary Woolley
About Research!America Research!America is the nation’s largest 501(c) (3) public education and advocacy alliance working to make research to improve health a higher national priority. Founded in 1989, Research!America is supported by member institutions, organizations and businesses that together represent the voices of more than 100 million Americans. Our public opinion polls, advocacy programs and publications reach the public and decision makers to help advance medical, health and scienti c research. 1101 King Street, Suite 520 Alexandria, VA 22314-2960 703.739.2577 phone 703.739.2372 fax www.researchamerica.org 25th Anniversary Commemorative Book Letter from Mary Woolley In the late 1980s, visionary champions for medical research convened to address the widening gap between the extraordinary promise of research and the less-than-robust support it was then garnering from the public and its elected representatives. These leaders believed that allowing this gap to continue would be detrimental to Americans for years to come. They resolved to form a national alliance with a broad membership base and a singular focus on advocacy for research. Today, the Research!America alliance represents the voices of more than100 million Americans from academia, independent research institutes and hospitals, scientific societies, state and local organizations, voluntary health groups, and pharmaceutical, biotech and medical device manufacturing industries. In partnership with our mem- bers, we have successfully secured more funding for our nation’s federal health agencies; advocated for smarter policies that empower, rather than impede, private sector innovators; and most importantly, helped unleash scientific opportunity, leading to unprecedented medical progress. -
April 27, 1982, NIH Record, Vol. XXXIV, No. 9
The NIH Record U.S. Department April 27 National of Health 1982 Institutes and Vol. XXXIV of Human Services No. 9 Health Dr. Martin Rosenberg NIH-Produced Film on Genital Herpes Wins Flemming Award Generates Considerable Public Interest Dr. Martin Rosenberg, chief of the cellu lar regulation section, NCI Laboratory of Recognizing the critical need for public Biochemistry, received the 33rd annual Ar education about genital herpes, the Office thur S. Flemming Award on Apr. 23 in of Research Reporting and Public Re Washington, D.C. sponse, National Institute of Allergy and The award was presented by Dr. Flem Infectious Diseases, and the NIH Audiovis ming, former DHEW Secretary (1958-1961), ual Branch have produced Jennifer: A Re and by Dr. Thomas E. Malone, Acting NIH vealing Story of Genital Herpes. This 28- Director. minute film shares the experience of a young woman striving to cope with her own case of genital herpes. Segments of this film have been tele vised on national network shows and also on local TV news and public service pro grams. Jennifer has been made available to physicians, health facilities, schools and In the film, Jennifer chats with Dr. Straus, civic groups on short-term loans. The re whose research group has successfully used sponse to initial promotional efforts has acyclovir to prevent recurrence of herpes virus been overwhelming. To date, more than infection. 500 loan requests from schools had to be edge and understanding of the signs and booked for the fall semester. symptoms of this disease, many people Infection with the virus causing genital with herpes unintentionally transmit it to herpes is on the upswing, reaching epi others. -
Human Genome Project
MARCH 2002 Managing “Big Science”: A Case Study of the Human Genome Project W. Henry Lambright Professor of Political Science and Public Administration and Director, Center for Environmental Policy and Administration The Maxwell School Syracuse University The PricewaterhouseCoopers Endowment for New Ways to Manage Series Ways New The Business of Government NEW WAYS TO MANAGE SERIES Managing “Big Science”: A Case Study of the Human Genome Project W. Henry Lambright Professor of Political Science and Public Administration and Director, Center for Environmental Policy and Administration The Maxwell School Syracuse University March 2002 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS Foreword..............................................................................................3 Executive Summary ..............................................................................4 The Human Genome Project Today......................................................6 The Human Genome Project: A Management Case History ..............10 Conceptualization, 1980–86 ..........................................................11 Adoption, 1986–90 ........................................................................13 Initial Implementation, 1990–93 ....................................................15 Maintaining Momentum and Growing, 1993–98 ..........................17 Reorientation, 1998–2001..............................................................20 Conclusions........................................................................................27 Goals ............................................................................................27 -
History of the Human Genome Project (HGP) and Subsequent Attempts to Integrate Scans of People’S Genomes Into Healthcare in Britain and the USA
History of the Human Genome June 2010 This briefing is based on a timeline of key events in the history of the Human Genome Project (HGP) and subsequent attempts to integrate scans of people’s genomes into healthcare in Britain and the USA. The history shows that: Claims that human genome sequencing will be useful to predict who develops common diseases are false and originate from spurious findings published by tobacco-funded scientists. Nobel Prizewinner Sydney Brenner had secret meetings with British American Tobacco (BAT) in 1988 and 1990, in an attempt to secure funding for the Human Genome Project, and the Medical Research Council (MRC) jointly funded much of the spurious research. Leading scientists at the US National Institutes of Health (NIH) also endorsed the false findings in journals and the press. Other scientists who received tobacco industry research funding (for unrelated projects) included Nobel Prizewinner Harold Varmus – recently reappointed by President Obama to run the US National Cancer Institute – and Kari Stefansson, the President of pioneering gene test company DeCode Genetics. The food and pharmaceutical industries have also promoted false claims that human genome sequencing will predict big killer diseases, in an effort to expand the market for healthcare products to large numbers of healthy people and to confuse people about the role of unhealthy processed foods in hypertension, type 2 diabetes and obesity. False claims about health benefits from sequencing the genomes of whole populations led to the £12 billion decision by Tony Blair to centralise electronic medical records in the NHS. Billions in taxpayers’ money has been wasted in both Britain and the USA, and medical privacy has been jeopardised, in an attempt to create the vast databases of electronic medical records linked to DNA that will supposedly allow scientists to ‘predict and prevent’ disease. -
Minutes of the National Advisory Council for Nursing Research
Department of Health and Human Services National Institutes of Health National Institute of Nursing Research Minutes of the National Advisory Council for Nursing Research September 17–18, 2019 The 99thmeeting of the National Advisory Council for Nursing Research (NACNR) was convened on Tuesday, September 17, 2019, at 12:00 p.m. in Conference Room D, Building 45, Natcher, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland. The first day of the meeting was an open session that started at 12:00 p.m. and adjourned that same day at 4:30 p.m. The closed session of the meeting, which included consideration of grant applications, was convened on Wednesday, September 18, 2019, at 9:00 a.m. and continued until adjournment at 12:15 p.m. Dr. Ann Cashion, Acting Chair, NACNR, presided over both sessions of the meeting. OPEN SESSION I. CALL TO ORDER, OPENING REMARKS, COUNCIL PROCEDURES, AND RELATED MATTERS—Dr. Ann Cashion, Acting Director, National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR) Dr. Cashion called the 99th meeting of the NACNR to order and welcomed all Council members, visitors, and staff. She introduced new Council members Drs. Peter Lewin and Eun-Ok Im and noted the absence of Council member Dr. Jeffrey Kelly. Conflict of Interest and Confidentiality Statement Dr. Nara Gavini, Acting Executive Secretary, NACNR, and Chief, Office of Extramural Programs, NINR, noted that the meeting was being webcast. He reminded attendees that NIH is a smoke-free campus. Dr. Gavini asked Council members to update their addresses on the meeting roster circulated during the meeting. Dr. Gavini referred to the conflict of interest and confidentiality statements provided in the Council materials and indicated that specific instructions would be provided at the beginning of the closed session on Wednesday. -
March-April 2009 Capsules from Keystone Living History
March-April 2009 WWW.IAVIREPORT.ORG | VOLUME 13, NUMBER 2 Capsules from Keystone FIRST IN A SERIES Living History Anthony Fauci on The Quest for a Vaccine “ We are living through one the most devastating pandemics ever to confront human civilization ” EDITor’s LETTER I am excited to introduce the inaugural installment of a new series, which we are calling “A Living History of AIDS Vaccine Research.” Its purpose is to provide perspective on historical moments in the quest for a vaccine, as well as insight into what lies ahead, as told by some of the leading researchers and policymakers in the field. We could not think of a better person to launch this series than Anthony Fauci, who has served as director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) for the past 25 years. Fauci has been immersed in the AIDS pandemic ever since the first cases were described 28 years ago. He was involved in the development of the first antiretrovirals to treat HIV infection and has played a pivotal role in AIDS vaccine research and development—from his early decision not to fund the first Phase III trial of an AIDS vaccine candidate to establishing the Vaccine Research Center at NIAID. iHe’s been one of the most vocal advocates and ardent supporters of the need for an AIDS vaccine and oversees a budget of US$460 million dedicated to AIDS vaccine research and development, 30% of NIAID’s overall HIV/AIDS budget. Whether Fauci is behind the podium at a conference or meeting with activists, he always eloquently captures both the current status of research and the human toll and devastation wrought by AIDS. -
Physician-Scientist Workforce Working Group Report.Pdf
National Institutes of Health Physician-Scientist Workforce Working Group Report June 2014 In a word, I consider hospitals only as the entrance to scientific medicine; they are the first field of observation which a physician enters; but the true sanctuary of medical science is a laboratory; only there can he seek explanations of life in the normal and pathological states by means of experimental analysis.1 Claude Bernard, 1865 1 Bernard, Claude, An Introduction to the Study of Experimental Medicine (Dover edition 1957; originally published in 1865; first English translation by Henry Copley Greene, published by Macmillan & Co., Ltd., 1927 i The Physician-Scientist Workforce Working Group David Ginsburg, MD, Co-Chair Rena N. D’Souza, DDS, PhD James V. Neel Distinguished University Professor and Dean, School of Dentistry Professor University of Utah Departments of Internal Medicine, Human Salt Lake City, UT Genetics, and Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases James G. Fox, DVM Howard Hughes Medical Institute Professor and Director of the Division of Comparative University of Michigan Medical School Medicine Ann Arbor, MI Professor, Department of Biological Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, MA Sherry Mills, MD, MPH, Co-Chair Director, Office of Extramural Programs Helen H. Hobbs, MD National Institutes of Health Investigator, Howard Hughes Medical Institute Bethesda, MD Professor of Internal Medicine and Molecular Genetics University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Susan Shurin, MD, Co-Chair Dallas, TX Deputy Director, National Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Ann R. Knebel, RN, PhD, FAAN National Institutes of Health Deputy Director Bethesda, MD National Institute of Nursing Research National Institutes of Health Nancy Andrews, MD, PhD Bethesda, MD Dean, Duke University School of Medicine Vice Chancellor for Academic Affairs Elaine Larson, RN, PhD, FAAN, CIC Nanaline H. -
Gisler Et Al the Human Genome Project 20100315
Exuberant innovation: The Human Genome Project Monika Gisler1, Didier Sornette2,3 and Ryan Woodard2 1ETH Zurich, D-ERDW, NO, CH-8092 Zürich, +41 78 919 5058 [email protected] (corresponding author) 2ETH Zurich, D-MTEC, Chair of Entrepreneurial Risks, Kreuzplatz 5, CH-8032 Zurich [email protected]; [email protected] 3Swiss Finance Institute, University of Geneva, 40 blvd. du Pont d’Arve, CH-1211 Geneva 4 “And all this back and forthing over who did what and what strategy was used and which money was public and which was private is probably going to sink below the radar screen.” (Francis Collins)1 “The prevailing view is that the genome is going to revolutionize biology, but in some way, it’s overhyped. In the end, the real insights are coming from individuals studying one gene at a time in real depth.” (Gerald Rubin)2 Abstract We present a detailed synthesis of the development of the Human Genome Project (HGP) from 1986 to 2003 in order to test the “social bubble” hypothesis that strong social interactions between enthusiastic supporters of the HGP weaved a network of reinforcing feedbacks that led to a widespread endorsement and extraordinary commitment by those involved in the project, beyond what would be rationalized by a standard cost-benefit analysis in the presence of extraordinary uncertainties and risks. The vigorous competition and race between the initially public project and several private initiatives is argued to support the social bubble hypothesis. We also present quantitative analyses of the concomitant financial bubble concentrated on the biotech sector. Confirmation of this hypothesis is offered by the present consensus that it will take decades to exploit the fruits of the HGP, via a slow and arduous process aiming at disentangling the extraordinary complexity of the human complex body.