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Bicentennial of Louisiana Statehood 200 YEARS IN THE MAKING Celebrating the Bicentennial of Louisiana Statehood 1812-2012 Desk Reference For Educators K-12 OFFICE OF THE LIEUTENANT GOVERNOR LOUISIANA BICENTENNIAL COMMISSION 200 Years in the Making Celebrating the Bicentennial of Louisiana Statehood 1812-2012 Desk Reference for Educators ©2011 Developed for the Louisiana Bicentennial Commission by the Office of the Lieutenant Governor and the Louisiana State Museum Department of Culture, Recreation, and Tourism State of Louisiana www.crt.state.la.us For information, please contact Richard Hartley, Special Projects Director Office of the Lieutenant Governor [email protected] or Memory Seymour, Director of Education Louisiana State Museum [email protected] The Desk Reference for Educators is available for free download at www.crt.state.la.us/education The 200 Years in the Making: Celebrating the Bicentennial of Louisiana Statehood, 1812-2012 Desk Reference for Educators was funded by the Louisiana Historical Legacy, Inc. 200 YEARS IN THE MAKING Louisiana Bicentennial Commission The Louisiana Bicentennial Commission was created to mark the 200th anniversary of Louisiana’s attainment of statehood as the eighteenth state in the Union. Through both education and celebration, the Commission’s goal is to commemorate our Bicentennial in every corner of the state. In accordance with Act 550 of the 2010 Regular Session of the Legislature, as codified in R.S. 25:1232, the Bicentennial commission was formed. The following are members of the commission: Sen. Dan Claitor, Baton Rouge; Windell Curole, Galliano; Rhyn Duplechain, Opelousas; Randy Haynie, Lafayette; LTG (Retired) Russel Honoré, Baton Rouge, Sheila McCant, Baton Rouge, Rosemary Patterson, Bossier City; Sen. Karen Carter Peterson, New Orleans, Buddy Stall, Metairie, Roger Villere, Jr., Metairie; Sen. Mike Walsworth, W. Monroe; and Michael Wynne of Alexandria. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 200 Years in the Making: Celebrating the Bicentennial of Louisiana Statehood Desk Reference for Educators was made possible by the contributions of the following individuals. Historical Research and Education Committees Ray Berthelot, Louisiana State Parks; Charlene Bonnette, State Library of Louisiana; Anne Campbell, Education Consultant; Charles Chamberlain, Louisiana State Museum; Steve Cohen; Windell Curole, Bicentennial Commission; Cliff Deal, Museum Consultant; Richard Hartley, Office of the Lieutenant Governor; Rebecca Hamilton, State Library of Louisiana; Melanie Hanley, East Baton Rouge Parish School System; Howard Hunter, Louisiana Historical Society; Rebecca Hamilton, State Library of Louisiana; Karen Leathem, Louisiana State Museum; Sen. Karen Carter Peterson, Bicentennial Commission; Matthew Reonas, Louisiana State Museum; Julie Rose, West Baton Rouge Museum; Memory Seymour, Louisiana State Museum; James Wilson, Louisiana Historical Association; Michael Wynne, Bicentennial Commission Content Reviewers Dr. Barry Ancelet, ULL Dept. of Francophone Studies; Dr. Jeff Anderson, ULM Dept. of History; Turry Flucker, Louisiana Center for Civil Rights and Social Justice; Dr. Sam Hyde, SLU Center for Southeast Louisiana Studies; Dr. Gary Joiner, LSU-S Red River Regional Studies Center; Dr. Michael Martin, ULL Center for Louisiana Studies; Dr. Henry Robertson, Louisiana College; Dr. Laura Rouzan, Dillard University; Dr. Christopher Stacey, LSU-A; Dr. John Sutherlin, ULM Social Science Research Lab Dear Educator, The beginning of the 2011-2012 school year presents the educators of this state with a unique opportunity to engage all students in the birthday celebration of Louisiana’s 200th year of statehood. Admitted as the eighteenth state into the Union on April 30, 1812, Louisiana, with its diverse heritage, is perhaps the most distinctive of all states. I encourage you to celebrate Louisiana’s statehood, 200 years in the making, in all classrooms—elementary, middle, and secondary—and across the curricula. To help educators incorporate the statehood celebration into their classroom, the Louisiana Bicentennial Commission, chaired by Lt. General (Retired) Russell Honoré, and the Department of Culture, Recreation, and Tourism have developed a standards-based desk reference, which will be accessible to teachers across this great state. The lesson plans and projects, designed for ease of implementation and aligned to the state standards and GLEs, will assist educators in actively engaging all students in learning about Louisiana. Some of the activities and materials that will be available to all educators include The Louisiana Statehood Bicentennial Desk Reference for Educators, complete with primary sources, historical essays, and lesson plans An Internet-based education site, www.crt.state.la.us/education A Web-based interactive Louisiana history timeline Statewide teacher workshops Additionally, opportunities for student involvement across the state will be tremendous, as during 2012 Louisiana communities will commemorate not only the 200th anniversary of statehood, but also the bicentennial anniversary of the beginning of the War of 1812 and the sesquicentennial of the Civil War. This convergence of events provides an unprecedented opportunity for educators and communities to positively impact student learning. Therefore, as we join to celebrate the 200th anniversary of Louisiana’s statehood, I urge you to take advantage of the educational materials and opportunities provided by the Louisiana Bicentennial Commission and the Office of the Lieutenant Governor’s Department of Culture, Recreation, and Tourism. Please visit the Louisiana Statehood Bicentennial Internet site, www.louisianabicentennial2012.com, or the Department of Culture, Recreation, and Tourism site, www.crt.state.la.us/education, for more information about our educational resources and opportunities. Sincerely, Jay Dardenne Celebration of the TABLE OF CONTENTS Century Introduction 7 Extent of Louisiana 8 Medley of Cultures 20 A New American Territory 37 Louisiana has a story unlike any other state; I am pleased to participate in Gaining Statehood, 1812 45 the planning and celebration of this milestone. Growth and Change 69 Cities and Towns 84 Jay Dardenne Lieutenant Governor Geographic Regions 94 State of Louisiana Pick Your Passion Student and Family Projects 98 We want full participation from Appendix 109 every city, town, and parish around the Benchmarks, GLEs 115 state in celebrating the birthday of Louisiana’s statehood. It’s a time for us to be proud of our state, and we want everyone to be excited about the commemoration and take part in the celebration. Lieutenant General (Retired) Russel L. Honoré Chairman Grade Level Expectations (GLEs) Louisiana Bicentennial Commission Social Studies and English Language Arts GLEs are given for lessons and activities. Please see pages 115 and 116 for the text of each GLE and for additional GLEs. Lessons and activities incorporate basic literacy strategies and Comprehensive Curriculum instructional ideas and methods. 200 YEARS IN THE MAKING INTRODUCTION April 14, 1812, President James Madison signed the bill approving statehood. The bill designated April 30, 1812 as the day of formal admission. Although there were n April 30, conflicts regarding law, O language, politics, and culture, 1812, the United States admitted Louisiana as the Louisiana's distinctive French eighteenth state into the Union. Catholic Creole culture eventually blended with the Louisiana was the first state to have a majority Catholic French American English Protestant - and Spanish-speaking culture to create a distinct population, reflecting its origins Creole-American society. as a colony under France from Two hundred years after 1699-1763 and Spain from statehood, Louisiana remains 1763-1803. one of the most distinctive Admission of the states in the union. The state's Orleans Territory as a state rich Creole heritage is evident followed years of lobbying in the use of the civil law efforts by prominent citizens, system, the organization of both American and Creole. Men parishes as local political units, such as the French-born planter and the celebration of Catholic traditions such as Mardi Gras. Julien Poydras and American attorney Edward Livingston Louisiana is also one of the sought the greater political most patriotic of states, with rights that statehood bestowed. consistently high rates of By 1810, they had convinced military service and an all- Territorial Governor William C. American spirit. Therefore, as C. Claiborne that the Orleans Louisiana commemorates this Territory qualified for important bicentennial event, statehood. In late 1811 and we can also celebrate the early 1812, Louisianans wrote distinct Creole-American the first state constitution, culture that U.S. statehood has which Congress approved. On fostered. 200 YEARS IN THE MAKING Extent of Guiding Questions 1 Louisiana 1. Why were the political boundaries of the new state of Louisiana different from the boundaries of the Louisiana Territory? 2. Following the acquisition of statehood, hen Louisiana was which events and individuals helped W define the boundaries of the young state? admitted as a state in 1812, its political boundaries were far different from those of the 3. How have location and physical features expansive Louisiana Territory that was influenced both historical events in purchased by the United States just nine years Louisiana and the development of the earlier. state? 8 DCRT Education, www.crt.state.la.us/education