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Case M.9152 - BC PARTNERS / UNITED GROUP
EUROPEAN COMMISSION DG Competition Case M.9152 - BC PARTNERS / UNITED GROUP Only the English text is available and authentic. REGULATION (EC) No 139/2004 MERGER PROCEDURE Article 6(1)(b) NON-OPPOSITION Date: 17/12/2018 In electronic form on the EUR-Lex website under document number 32018M9152 EUROPEAN COMMISSION Brussels, 17.12.2018 In the published version of this decision, some C(2018) 9046 final information has been omitted pursuant to Article 17(2) of Council Regulation (EC) No 139/2004 concerning non-disclosure of business secrets and PUBLIC VERSION other confidential information. The omissions are shown thus […]. Where possible the information omitted has been replaced by ranges of figures or a general description. To the notifying party Subject: Case M.9152 – BC Partners / United Group Commission decision pursuant to Article 6(1)(b) of Council Regulation No 139/20041 and Article 57 of the Agreement on the European Economic Area2 Dear Sir, (1) On 16 November 2018, the European Commission received notification of a proposed concentration pursuant to Article 4 of the Merger Regulation by which BC European Capital X ("BCEC X"), ultimately controlled by BC Partners LLP ("BC Partners", United Kingdom), acquires within the meaning of Article 3(1)(b) of the Merger Regulation sole control of United Group BV ("United Group", the Netherlands), by way of purchase of shares (the "Transaction").i BC Partners is referred to as the "Notifying Party". BC Partners and United Group are collectively referred to as "Parties". 1. THE PARTIES (2) BC Partners is a private equity firm, specialising in buyouts and acquisitions financing in Europe and the United States. -
BC Partners-Owned United Group Makes Strategic
BC Partners-Owned United Group Makes Strategic Investment in Greece’s Forthnet Third large-scale acquisition and eleventh in total under BC Partners’ ownership Expands United Group platform’s presence into Greece and cements its position as the leading telecoms and media operator in South Eastern Europe Amsterdam and London, 29 May 2020: United Group, the leading telecoms and media operator in South Eastern Europe, has agreed to acquire the debt and a significant minority interest in Forthnet S.A., a prominent telecoms and pay-TV provider in Greece. The transaction will see United Group acquire all of the company’s loan obligations, the convertible debt and an initial 36% of the company’s shares following the successful conclusion of negotiations between National Bank of Greece, Alpha Bank, Piraeus Bank and Attica Bank (the “Sellers”) and United Group (the “Purchaser”). Further details of the transaction were not disclosed and it is subject to customary regulatory approvals. This investment marks the third large-scale transaction since BC Partners acquired United Group in March 2019, following the acquisitions of Croatia’s Tele2 and Bulgaria’s Vivacom in 2019, which altogether increase United Group’s size to €1.7 billion of pro-forma revenues. The firm’s entry into the Greek market is another milestone in its European growth strategy, and it further cements its position as the industry leader operating in eight countries across the region. Forthnet is a leading provider of home entertainment and communications services in Greece, with nearly 1,000 employees, providing services to nearly 700,000 subscribers and over 40,000 companies. -
Tele2 Is Europe´S Leading Alternative Telecom Operator Offering a Wide Range of Products to Consumers Across Europe
ERG Kista 25 January 2008 Response to ERGs draft Common Position on symmetry of fixed/mobile call termination rates Tele2 is Europe´s leading alternative telecom operator offering a wide range of products to consumers across Europe. Tele2´s most important products are mobile telephony and broadband but the company also provides fixed telephony in a number of countries. Tele2 welcomes the opportunity to provide its comments on ERGs draft Common Position (CP) on symmetry of fixed/mobile call termination rates. General As a general remark on the draft CP Tele2 would like to point to the fact that before the question of symmetry regarding termination rates becomes relevant and a potential issue a NRA first must come to the conclusion that at least two operators in a specific country are considered holding SMP-position on their individual networks. This is due to the fact that price regulation of any kind can only be decided as a remedy following a finding of SMP- position according to Article 13 of the Access directive. Court judgments across Europe (e.g. in the UK, Finland and Ireland) show that an SMP assessment is not a mechanical process where the fact that an operator per definition holds a 100 percent market share on the individual market at hand can be used as a sole argument for the conclusion that the operator also holds a SMP-position in the market. The existence of customers with a strong negotiating position, which is exercised to produce a significant impact on competition, will tend to restrict the ability of providers to act independently of their customers. -
TV Channel Distribution in Europe: Table of Contents
TV Channel Distribution in Europe: Table of Contents This report covers 238 international channels/networks across 152 major operators in 34 EMEA countries. From the total, 67 channels (28%) transmit in high definition (HD). The report shows the reader which international channels are carried by which operator – and which tier or package the channel appears on. The report allows for easy comparison between operators, revealing the gaps and showing the different tiers on different operators that a channel appears on. Published in September 2012, this 168-page electronically-delivered report comes in two parts: A 128-page PDF giving an executive summary, comparison tables and country-by-country detail. A 40-page excel workbook allowing you to manipulate the data between countries and by channel. Countries and operators covered: Country Operator Albania Digitalb DTT; Digitalb Satellite; Tring TV DTT; Tring TV Satellite Austria A1/Telekom Austria; Austriasat; Liwest; Salzburg; UPC; Sky Belgium Belgacom; Numericable; Telenet; VOO; Telesat; TV Vlaanderen Bulgaria Blizoo; Bulsatcom; Satellite BG; Vivacom Croatia Bnet Cable; Bnet Satellite Total TV; Digi TV; Max TV/T-HT Czech Rep CS Link; Digi TV; freeSAT (formerly UPC Direct); O2; Skylink; UPC Cable Denmark Boxer; Canal Digital; Stofa; TDC; Viasat; You See Estonia Elion nutitv; Starman; ZUUMtv; Viasat Finland Canal Digital; DNA Welho; Elisa; Plus TV; Sonera; Viasat Satellite France Bouygues Telecom; CanalSat; Numericable; Orange DSL & fiber; SFR; TNT Sat Germany Deutsche Telekom; HD+; Kabel -
Master Working Paper 2018/1 Eline Vancraybex
Maastricht Centre for European Law Master Working Paper 2018/1 Eline Vancraybex Innovation in the EU Merger Control Battlefield: In Search for Best Practices All rights reserved No part of this paper may be reproduced in any form Without the permission of the author(s) The MCEL Master Working Paper series seeks to give excellent Master students the opportunity to publish their final theses and to make their work accessible to a wide audience. Those wishing to submit papers for consideration are invited to send work to: [email protected] Our submission guidelines and further information are available at: http://www.maastrichtuniversity.nl/web/Institutes/MCEL/Publications1/MasterWorkingPapers.htm © ELINE VANCRAYBEX Published in Maastricht, February 2018 Faculty of Law Maastricht University Postbox 616 6200 MD Maastricht The Netherlands This paper is to be cited as MCEL Master Working Paper 2018/1 2 Table of Contents Maastricht Centre for European Law 1 2018/1 1 1. Introduction 4 2. The Innovation Concept 6 2.1. Types of Innovation 6 2.1.1. A General Definition 6 2.1.2. Sustaining vs Disruptive Innovation 6 2.2. Legal Perspective: Innovation in the EU (Non-)Horizontal Merger Guidelines 8 2.3. Economic Perspective: The Link between Innovation and Competition 9 2.4. Different Markets 11 2.5. Determinants of Innovation 11 2.5.1. Research and Development 12 2.5.2. Patents 12 2.5.3. Market Share 13 2.6. Complexity of Assessing Innovation Effects 13 3. The EU Approach 14 3.1. Assessment of Negative Effects 14 3.1.1. Framework 14 3.1.2. -
Zero-Rating Practices in Broadband Markets
Zero-rating practices in broadband markets Report by Competition EUROPEAN COMMISSION Directorate-General for Competition E-mail: [email protected] European Commission B-1049 Brussels [Cataloguenumber] Zero-rating practices in broadband markets Final report February 2017 Europe Direct is a service to help you find answers to your questions about the European Union. Freephone number (*): 00 800 6 7 8 9 10 11 (*) The information given is free, as are most calls (though some operators, phone boxes or hotels may charge you). LEGAL NOTICE The information and views set out in this report are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the official opinion of the Commission. The Commission does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this study. Neither the Commission nor any person acting on the Commission’s behalf may be held responsible for the use which may be made of the information contained therein. Les informations et opinions exprimées dans ce rapport sont ceux de(s) l'auteur(s) et ne reflètent pas nécessairement l'opinion officielle de la Commission. La Commission ne garantit pas l’exactitude des informations comprises dans ce rapport. La Commission, ainsi que toute personne agissant pour le compte de celle-ci, ne saurait en aucun cas être tenue responsable de l’utilisation des informations contenues dans ce rapport. More information on the European Union is available on the Internet (http://www.europa.eu). Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2017 Catalogue number: KD-02-17-687-EN-N ISBN 978-92-79-69466-0 doi: 10.2763/002126 © European Union, 2017 Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged. -
Annual and Sustainability Report 2020 Content
BETTER CONNECTED LIVING ANNUAL AND SUSTAINABILITY REPORT 2020 CONTENT OUR COMPANY Telia Company at a glance ...................................................... 4 2020 in brief ............................................................................ 6 Comments from the Chair ..................................................... 10 Comments from the CEO ...................................................... 12 Trends and strategy ............................................................... 14 DIRECTORS' REPORT Group development .............................................................. 20 Country development ........................................................... 38 Sustainability ........................................................................ 48 Risks and uncertainties ......................................................... 80 CORPORATE GOVERNANCE Corporate Governance Statement ......................................... 90 Board of Directors .............................................................. 104 Group Executive Management ............................................ 106 FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Consolidated statements of comprehensive income ........... 108 Consolidated statements of financial position ..................... 109 Consolidated statements of cash flows ............................... 110 Consolidated statements of changes in equity .................... 111 Notes to consolidated financial statements ......................... 112 Parent company income statements ................................... -
Rikstv Test Specification
RiksTV Test Specification for Integrated Receiver Decoders - 2 - RiksTV Test specification ver. 2.0 1 Document History......................................................................................................................................... 4 2 References.................................................................................................................................................... 4 3 Signing of test report ................................................................................................................................... 5 3.1 Test item ................................................................................................................................................ 6 4 Test Specification for RiksTV tests .............................................................................................................. 7 4.1 Task 4: IRD interfaces and hardware requirements .............................................................................. 7 Task 4:1 Terrestrial tuner and demodulator – NorDig requirements ........................................................ 7 Task 4:2 Extended frequency range and 7/8MHz raster .......................................................................... 7 Task 4:3 Support for 7 and 8MHz signal Bandwidth .............................................................................. 8 Task 4:4 RF output power source (5V 50mA) ........................................................................................ 8 Task 4:5 HDMI output.......................................................................................................................... -
Prepared for Upload GCD Wls Networks
LTE‐ LTE‐ Region Country Operator LTE Advanced 5G Advanced Pro Eastern Europe 92 57 4 3 Albania Total 32 0 0 Albania ALBtelecom 10 0 0 Albania Telekom Albania 11 0 0 Albania Vodafone Albania 11 0 0 Armenia Total 31 0 0 Armenia MTS Armenia (VivaCell‐MTS) 10 0 0 Armenia Ucom (formerly Orange Armenia) 11 0 0 Armenia VEON Armenia (Beeline) 10 0 0 Azerbaijan Total 43 0 0 Azerbaijan Azercell 10 0 0 Azerbaijan Azerfon (Nar) 11 0 0 Azerbaijan Bakcell 11 0 0 Azerbaijan Naxtel (Nakhchivan) 11 0 0 Belarus Total 42 0 0 Belarus A1 Belarus (formerly VELCOM) 10 0 0 Belarus Belarusian Cloud Technologies (beCloud) 11 0 0 Belarus Belarusian Telecommunications Network (BeST, life:)) 10 0 0 Belarus MTS Belarus 11 0 0 Bosnia and Total Herzegovina 31 0 0 Bosnia and Herzegovina BH Telecom 11 0 0 Bosnia and Herzegovina HT Mostar (HT Eronet) 10 0 0 Bosnia and Herzegovina Telekom Srpske (m:tel) 10 0 0 Bulgaria Total 53 0 0 Bulgaria A1 Bulgaria (Mobiltel) 11 0 0 Bulgaria Bulsatcom 10 0 0 Bulgaria T.com (Bulgaria) 10 0 0 Bulgaria Telenor Bulgaria 11 0 0 Bulgaria Vivacom (BTC) 11 0 0 Croatia Total 33 1 0 Croatia A1 Hrvatska (formerly VIPnet/B.net) 11 1 0 Croatia Hrvatski Telekom (HT) 11 0 0 Croatia Tele2 Croatia 11 0 0 Czechia Total 43 0 0 Czechia Nordic Telecom (formerly Air Telecom) 10 0 0 Czechia O2 Czech Republic (incl. CETIN) 11 0 0 Czechia T‐Mobile Czech Republic 11 0 0 Czechia Vodafone Czech Republic 11 0 0 Estonia Total 33 2 0 Estonia Elisa Eesti (incl. -
European Pay TV Operator Forecasts: Table of Contents
European Pay TV Operator Forecasts: Table of Contents Published in September 2012, this 140-page electronically-delivered report comes in two parts: A 110-page PDF giving a global executive summary, country/operator analysis and forecasts. An 30-page excel workbook giving comparison tables and country-by- country forecasts in detail for 95 operators across 25 territories from 2007 to 2017. Countries and operators covered: Country No of ops Operators Austria 3 Telekom Austria; UPC; Sky Belgium 4 Belgacom; Numericable; Telenet; VOO Croatia 2 Digi TV; Max TV/T-HT Czech 4 Digi TV; Telefonica; Skylink; UPC Denmark 6 Canal Digital; Viasat; You See; Stofa; Boxer; TDC Finland 6 Digita; Elisa; Teliasonera; DNA; Canal Digital; Viasat France 6 Orange; SFR; CanalSat; Numericable; Free; TNT Germany 5 KBW; KDG; DT; Sky; Unitymedia Greece 1 Nova Hungary 3 T-Home; Digi TV; UPC (cable & DTH) Ireland 2 UPC; Sky Italy 3 Mediaset; Sky; Telecom Italia Netherlands 5 UPC; Canal Digitaal; Tele 2; Ziggo; KPN/Digitenne Norway 5 Canal Digital; Viasat; Riks TV; Telenor; Get Poland 8 N; TNK; TP/Orange; Vectra; Multimedia Polska; Cyfra Polsat; Cyfra+; UPC Portugal 3 PT; Zon; Cabovisao Romania 3 Romtelecom; RCS-RDS/Digi TV; UPC Russia 7 NTV Plus; Tricolor; Akado; MTS; ER Telecom; Rostelecom; Beeline Serbia 1 SBB Slovakia 4 UPC; RCS-RDS; Skylink; Slovak Telekom Spain 3 Ono; Canal Plus; Telefonica Sweden 5 Canal Digital; Viasat; Com Hem; Telia; Boxer Switzerland 2 Swisscom; UPC/Cablecom Ukraine 1 Volia UK 3 Sky; Virgin; BT Forecasts (2007-2017) contain the following detail for each country: By country: TV households Digital cable subs Analog cable subs Pay IPTV subscribers Pay digital DTH subs Pay DTT homes By operator (and by platform by operator): Subscribers Subscription & VOD revenues ARPU Liberty Global and BSkyB to continue European pay TV dominance Pay TV subscriptions for the 95 operators across 25 countries covered in a new report from Digital TV Research will increase from a collective 96.2 million in 2007 to 140.9 million by 2017. -
No Transmission of Critical Voices
February 2020 Media Progamme South East Europe No Transmission of Critical Voices Hendrik Sittig, Darija Fabijanić In Serbia there is currently an economic crime thriller happening on the television market and this before the parliament elections on the 26th April. The story is about several cable providers and the media group „United Media“ (parent enterprise: „United Group“) with its TV channel N1 that belongs to the media companies in Serbia which report critically about the government. The state-owned cable provider “Pošta Net“ has already removed the channels of United Media from its programme last December because they couldn’t agree on a contract renewal. As a result, many households couldn’t receive N1 anymore. Since Mid-January more viewers are affected, as the cable provider under the state „Telekom Serbia“ hasn’t prolonged their contracts either. A public exchange with accusations of political and economic interference between the players followed. Similar situations in the neighbouring countries can be observed. But let’s be clear from the get-go: The situation is more complicated than that and political reasons are not the only explanation for it. Serbia: Commercial conflict or political influence before the elections? The public dispute between the two telecommunication companies Telekom Serbia and United Group which has its own cable providers and the media company “United Media”, has been dominating the headlines in Serbia for several days now. The cable providers of the brand “Supernova” which belong to Telekom didn’t prolong the contract for transmitting the “United Media” channels. Therefore, since January about 200 000 households can’t watch 17 channels. -
Cable-Satellite Networks: Structures and Problems
Catholic University Law Review Volume 24 Issue 4 Summer 1975 Article 3 1975 Cable-Satellite Networks: Structures and Problems George H. Shapiro Gary M. Epstein Ronald A. Cass Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.law.edu/lawreview Recommended Citation George H. Shapiro, Gary M. Epstein & Ronald A. Cass, Cable-Satellite Networks: Structures and Problems, 24 Cath. U. L. Rev. 692 (1975). Available at: https://scholarship.law.edu/lawreview/vol24/iss4/3 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by CUA Law Scholarship Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Catholic University Law Review by an authorized editor of CUA Law Scholarship Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. CABLE-SATELLITE NETWORKS: STRUCTURES AND PROBLEMSt George H. Shapiro* Gary M. Epstein** Ronald A. Cass** * Unlike the broadcast television industry, in which programming is domi- nated by three giant networks, the cable television industry is quite fragment- ed. Most cable television systems are small operations, and although a few large cable organizations own numerous systems, the individual cable sys- tems they operate typically are dispersed over wide geographic areas and are not interconnected. Thus, compared to television broadcast stations, which, even if not affiliated with a network, generally reach large viewing audi- ences, cable systems constitute small economic units.' The programming "originated" by cable systems-that is, programming not obtained from television broadcasts-reflects the industry's economic structure. Small cable systems are not able individually to procure programming with the same mass appeal as that of broadcast networks or individual broadcast stations, 2 so originations presently are locally oriented and seldom sophisticated.