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Presentazione Di Powerpoint Sh. Shahini1, E.Çota2, E. Kullaj3 Agriculture Universit of Albania 2Plant Protection Inst itute, Albania, Abstract Among a number of insect pests in Albania, the common grape- vine moth, Lobesia botrana is predominant. Other insects causing only a sporadic damage. Lobesia botrana was found in all types of vineyard, producing three generation a year, but with high population density in years with moderately hot summers and high humidity. The most severe infestation normally occurred in vineyards with extended training systems and on compact cluster varieties. Limiting factors were high summer temperatures and mortality of over wintering pupae from numerous parasites and predators. Damage provoked by the carpophagous generations varied with the cultivar, compact-cluster varieties being the most attcked. Varieties with lose grape clusters were less susceptible. The intervention thresholds established from the control experiments and vintage damage evaluations took into 35.0 32.5 account the dependence of treatment effectiveness upon cluster 30.0 25.0 24.0 confirmation as well as cultivar susceptibility to attack. For the 22.3 20.0 18.8 17.0 Series5 less susceptible varieties, sampling was done a set at a larval 15.0 15.5 15 13.0 11.3 infestation of 10% to 15% of the cluster. For varieties with 10.0 9.3 10.0 9 7.8 7 5.0 5.3 4.3 4.5 4.5 2.5 3.5 3.25 compact grape-clusters not only limited did the intervention 0.0 1.3 13. 20. 27. 04. 11. 18. 25. 01. 08. 15. 22. 29. 06. 13. 20. 27. 03. 10. 17. 24. 31. 07. threshold have to be lower (5% to 10%), but also the decision to 04. 04. 04. 05. 05. 05. 05. 06. 06. 06. 06. 06. 07. 07. 07. 07. 08. 08. 08. 08. 08. 09. intervene required much more urgency. Pheromone traps helped Series5 2.5 3.5 9.3 15.5 18.8 24.022.3 32.5 11.3 7.8 5.3 1.3 4.3 10.0 17.0 13.0 4.5 7 9 15 4.5 3.3 considerably to minimize pest management costs. Further, their Fig 1 Average number of weekly of Lobesia botrana in “Merlot” cultivar use made it possible to intervene at exactly the right moment against heavy attacks, particularly important in the case of compact cluster varieties 30.0 28.0 25.0 20.0 19.5 17.0 15.0 14.5 14.5 15 INTRODUCTION 13.0 13.0 12.5 13.0 13.5 10.0 9.8 8.5 9.0 9.3 8.5 8 6.25 5.0 5.0 Grape moths are the main pest of Albania vineyards. The 3.5 3.5 0.0 1.3 14.0 21.0 28.0 05.0 12.0 19.0 26.0 02.0 09.0 16.0 23.0 29.0 05.0 12.0 19.0 26.0 02.0 09.0 16.0 23.0 30.0 06.0 vineyard in Albania represents one of the most importatnt 4.05 4.05 4.05 5.05 5.05 5.05 5.05 6.05 6.05 6.05 6.05 6.05 7.05 7.05 7.05 7.05 8.05 8.05 8.05 8.05 8.05 9.05 branches of the country's agriculture. The vineyard planted Series5 14.5 13.0 9.8 13.0 28.0 14.5 8.5 12.5 9.0 5.0 1.3 9.3 13.0 17.0 19.5 8.5 3.5 8 15 13.5 6.25 3.5 surface is increasing every year. More than 500 – 600 ha Fig 2 Average number of weekly of Lobesia botrana in “Shesh” cultivar planted each year. 100 MATERIALS AND METHODS 80 60 40 The experiment was carried out in Lushnje area. The varieties 20 selected for experiment were “Merlot” and “Shesh i zi”. 0 Second Gen Third Gen The adult flight of Lobesia botrana were monitored by setting Treated Not treated up four pheromone traps. Captured adults were counted every Fig 3 The susceptible in varieties with compact grape cluster week. the population estimates of second and third generations were always carried out by periodical smpling of larval stages on RESULTS AND DISCUSSION bunches. Damage evaluation of 2-nd and 3-rd is the basis of the economic threshold. On the bases of monitoring by pheromone trap, Lobesia botrana gives three generation per year in Albania. For the less susceptible varieties sampling was done a set at The first generation lasted 78 days in “Merlot” and 71 days in “Shesh i zi”; larval infestation of 10-15% of the cluster. For varieties with the second generation lasted 36 days and third generaion lasted 36 days. compact grape cluster not only limited did the intervention The amount of damage of first generation usually not require any insecticide threshold have to be lower (5% to 10%), but also the decision treatment to ntervene required much more urgence. By using the The methods used in case when chemical control is necessary are different pheromone traps, the treatment period varies according to according to the cultivar and compounds. compound used. For Lobesia botrana 100 cluster/variety per generation were examine. References • Pollini A. et.al. Insetti danosi alle piante da frutto. • Integrated pest control in viticulture. Procceding of a meeting of EC expert`s Group/Portoferraio 26-28 September 1985. • Shahini Sh.-Varaku S.-Duraj N. Manuale di viticoltura biologica. Le aversita principali della vite in Albania.
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