Icelandic -Basque Pidgin
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Understanding and Measuring Morphological Complexity
OUP CORRECTED PROOF – FINAL, 5/3/2015, SPi Understanding and Measuring Morphological Complexity Edited by MATTHEW BAERMAN, DUNSTAN BROWN, AND GREVILLE G. CORBETT 1 OUP CORRECTED PROOF – FINAL, 5/3/2015, SPi 3 Great Clarendon Street, Oxford, ox2 6dp, United Kingdom Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide. Oxford is a registered trade mark of Oxford University Press in the UK and in certain other countries © editorial matter and organization Matthew Baerman, Dunstan Brown, and Greville G. Corbett 2015 © the chapters their several authors 2015 Themoralrightsoftheauthorshavebeenasserted First Edition published in 2015 Impression: 1 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press, or as expressly permitted by law, by licence or under terms agreed with the appropriate reprographics rights organization. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the scope of the above should be sent to the Rights Department, Oxford University Press, at the address above You must not circulate this work in any other form and you must impose this same condition on any acquirer Published in the United States of America by Oxford University Press 198 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016, United States of America British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Data available Library of Congress Control Number: 2014947260 ISBN 978–0–19–872376–9 Printed and bound by CPI Group (UK) Ltd, Croydon, cr0 4yy Links to third party websites are provided by Oxford in good faith and for information only. -
British Family Names
cs 25o/ £22, Cornrll IBniwwitg |fta*g BOUGHT WITH THE INCOME FROM THE SAGE ENDOWMENT FUND THE GIFT OF Hcnrti W~ Sage 1891 A.+.xas.Q7- B^llll^_ DATE DUE ,•-? AUG 1 5 1944 !Hak 1 3 1^46 Dec? '47T Jan 5' 48 ft e Univeral, CS2501 .B23 " v Llb«"y Brit mii!Sm?nS,£& ori8'" and m 3 1924 olin 029 805 771 The original of this book is in the Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924029805771 BRITISH FAMILY NAMES. : BRITISH FAMILY NAMES ftbetr ©riain ano fIDeaning, Lists of Scandinavian, Frisian, Anglo-Saxon, and Norman Names. HENRY BARBER, M.D. (Clerk), "*• AUTHOR OF : ' FURNESS AND CARTMEL NOTES,' THE CISTERCIAN ABBEY OF MAULBRONN,' ( SOME QUEER NAMES,' ' THE SHRINE OF ST. BONIFACE AT FULDA,' 'POPULAR AMUSEMENTS IN GERMANY,' ETC. ' "What's in a name ? —Romeo and yuliet. ' I believe now, there is some secret power and virtue in a name.' Burton's Anatomy ofMelancholy. LONDON ELLIOT STOCK, 62, PATERNOSTER ROW, E.C. 1894. 4136 CONTENTS. Preface - vii Books Consulted - ix Introduction i British Surnames - 3 nicknames 7 clan or tribal names 8 place-names - ii official names 12 trade names 12 christian names 1 foreign names 1 foundling names 1 Lists of Ancient Patronymics : old norse personal names 1 frisian personal and family names 3 names of persons entered in domesday book as HOLDING LANDS temp. KING ED. CONFR. 37 names of tenants in chief in domesday book 5 names of under-tenants of lands at the time of the domesday survey 56 Norman Names 66 Alphabetical List of British Surnames 78 Appendix 233 PREFACE. -
The Computation of Prosody 'Oct 0 2 1992
THE COMPUTATION OF PROSODY by William James Idsardi B.A. University of Toronto (1988) Submitted to the Department of Linguistics and Philosophy in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology July 31, 1992 © William James Idsardi 1992 All rights reserved The author hereby grants to MIT permission to reproduce and to distribute copies of this thesis document in whole or in part. Signature of Author Departn nt of Linguistics and Philosophy July 31, 1992 Certified by - -I.....,,- ,v Morris Halle Institute Professor Thesis Supervisor Accepted by - Wayne O'Neil ARCHIVES Chairman MACHUSUS eDa r t m e n t of Linguistics and Philosophy 'OCT 0 2 1992 LlIrtv..0 2 THE COMPUTATION OF PROSODY by William James Idsardi Submitted to the Department of Linguistics and Philosophy on July 31, 1992 in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy ABSTRACT This thesis presents a new theory of metrical representations and computations. This theory emphasizes that the metrical grid is a separate module of the phonology, devoted to the calculation of partitionings of phonological elements. The metrical grid consists of parallel tiers composed of three kinds of elements: grid marks and left and right boundaries. A single boundary serves to define a metrical constituent: a left boundary creates a grouping of the elements to its right, a right boundary creates a grouping of the elements to its left. The calculation of the metrical grid is accomplished through the use of both rules and constraints. This division of labor accounts for observed properties of stress systems in a succinct manner. -
Directions Active Employees (At 31.12
Publishing details At a glance Sales and net income for the year in € m Level of internationality Visitors: 47.9 % Exhibitors: 73.4 % 500 50 400 40 Editors-in-chief Print production 300 30 Dominique Ewert Messe Frankfurt Medien Klaus Münster-Müller und Service GmbH 200 20 Publishing Services Annual Report 2014 100 10 Editors 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Markus Quint (production editor) Print l from Germany attending Messe Frankfurt events at the Frankfurt venue l Sales l Net income for the year l from outside Germany attending Messe Frankfurt events at the Frankfurt venue Antje Breuer-Seifi Druckhaus Becker GmbH Claudia Lehning-Berge Dieselstraße 9 2014 The Messe Frankfurt corporate group conceives, plans and hosts trade fairs and exhibitions in Germany and abroad. Sarah Stanzel 64372 Ober-Ramstadt Messe Frankfurt The parent company and its subsidiaries offer a well-coordinated service package for national and international Gabriele Wehrl Germany Annual Report customers, exhibitors and visitors. Responsibility for content in accordance Paper Corporate group 2 with the German press laws Cover: Hello Fat Matt 1.1 350 g/m in € m* 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Iris Jeglitza-Moshage Inside pages: Arctic the Volume 150 g/m2 Sales 448 467 537 545 554 Photographs Print run Personnel expenses 102 106 120 123 131 Pietro Sutera Photography (p. 3) 3,000 in two editions Depreciation, amortisation and write-downs 59 59 61 56 52 Rüdiger Nehmzow (p. 6–11, 36–39) (German and English) Earnings before taxes on income 42 34 36 49 47 Iwan Baan (p. 19) EBITDA 109 99 102 108 102 BRCK (p. -
Gender Across Languages: the Linguistic Representation of Women and Men
<DOCINFO AUTHOR "" TITLE "Gender Across Languages: The linguistic representation of women and men. Volume II" SUBJECT "Impact 10" KEYWORDS "" SIZE HEIGHT "220" WIDTH "150" VOFFSET "4"> Gender Across Languages Impact: Studies in language and society impact publishes monographs, collective volumes, and text books on topics in sociolinguistics. The scope of the series is broad, with special emphasis on areas such as language planning and language policies; language conflict and language death; language standards and language change; dialectology; diglossia; discourse studies; language and social identity (gender, ethnicity, class, ideology); and history and methods of sociolinguistics. General editor Annick De Houwer University of Antwerp Advisory board Ulrich Ammon William Labov Gerhard Mercator University University of Pennsylvania Laurie Bauer Elizabeth Lanza Victoria University of Wellington University of Oslo Jan Blommaert Joseph Lo Bianco Ghent University The Australian National University Paul Drew Peter Nelde University of York Catholic University Brussels Anna Escobar Dennis Preston University of Illinois at Urbana Michigan State University Guus Extra Jeanine Treffers-Daller Tilburg University University of the West of England Margarita Hidalgo Vic Webb San Diego State University University of Pretoria Richard A. Hudson University College London Volume 10 Gender Across Languages: The linguistic representation of women and men Volume II Edited by Marlis Hellinger and Hadumod Bußmann Gender Across Languages The linguistic representation of women and men volume 2 Edited by Marlis Hellinger University of Frankfurt am Main Hadumod Bußmann University of Munich John Benjamins Publishing Company Amsterdam/Philadelphia TM The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of American 8 National Standard for Information Sciences – Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ansi z39.48-1984. -
Grammatical Gender and Linguistic Complexity
Grammatical gender and linguistic complexity Volume I: General issues and specific studies Edited by Francesca Di Garbo Bruno Olsson Bernhard Wälchli language Studies in Diversity Linguistics 26 science press Studies in Diversity Linguistics Editor: Martin Haspelmath In this series: 1. Handschuh, Corinna. A typology of marked-S languages. 2. Rießler, Michael. Adjective attribution. 3. Klamer, Marian (ed.). The Alor-Pantar languages: History and typology. 4. Berghäll, Liisa. A grammar of Mauwake (Papua New Guinea). 5. Wilbur, Joshua. A grammar of Pite Saami. 6. Dahl, Östen. Grammaticalization in the North: Noun phrase morphosyntax in Scandinavian vernaculars. 7. Schackow, Diana. A grammar of Yakkha. 8. Liljegren, Henrik. A grammar of Palula. 9. Shimelman, Aviva. A grammar of Yauyos Quechua. 10. Rudin, Catherine & Bryan James Gordon (eds.). Advances in the study of Siouan languages and linguistics. 11. Kluge, Angela. A grammar of Papuan Malay. 12. Kieviet, Paulus. A grammar of Rapa Nui. 13. Michaud, Alexis. Tone in Yongning Na: Lexical tones and morphotonology. 14. Enfield, N. J. (ed.). Dependencies in language: On the causal ontology of linguistic systems. 15. Gutman, Ariel. Attributive constructions in North-Eastern Neo-Aramaic. 16. Bisang, Walter & Andrej Malchukov (eds.). Unity and diversity in grammaticalization scenarios. 17. Stenzel, Kristine & Bruna Franchetto (eds.). On this and other worlds: Voices from Amazonia. 18. Paggio, Patrizia and Albert Gatt (eds.). The languages of Malta. 19. Seržant, Ilja A. & Alena Witzlack-Makarevich (eds.). Diachrony of differential argument marking. 20. Hölzl, Andreas. A typology of questions in Northeast Asia and beyond: An ecological perspective. 21. Riesberg, Sonja, Asako Shiohara & Atsuko Utsumi (eds.). Perspectives on information structure in Austronesian languages. -
Open Source Icelandic Resource Grammar in GF
Open source Icelandic resource grammar in GF Master’s thesis in Computer science algorithms, languages and logic Bjarki Traustason Department of Computer Science and Engineering CHALMERS UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY Gothenburg, Sweden 2017 Master’s thesis 2017 Open source Icelandic resource garmmar in GF Bjarki Traustason Department of Computer Science and Engineering Computer Science Chalmers University of Technology Gothenburg, Sweden 2017 Open source Icelandic resource grammar in GF BJARKI TRAUSTASON © BJARKI TRAUSTASON, 2017. Supervisor: Krasimir Angelov, Computer Science and Engineering Department Examiner: Aarne Ranta, Computer Science and Engineering Department Master’s Thesis 2017 Computer Science and Engineering Department Computre Science Chalmers University of Technology SE-412 96 Gothenburg Telephone +46 31 772 1000 Cover: Stock picture of a mushroom. Typeset in LATEX Gothenburg, Sweden 2017 iv Open source Icelandic resource grammar in GF BJARKI TRAUSTASON Computer Science and Engineering Department Chalmers University of Technology Abstract This thesis marks out the implementation of an open source Icelandic resource gram- mar using the Grammatical Framework. The grammatical framework, GF, is a grammar formalism for multilingual grammars based on using language indepen- dent semantics that are represented by abstract syntax trees. The GF Resource Grammar Library is a set of natural languages implemented as resource grammars that all have a shared abstract syntax. Icelandic is the only official language of Iceland. Icelandic is a Germanic language of high morphological complexity. This thesis details some of the more interesting aspects of the grammar from the word forms of single words to how different words react to each other in a set forming phrases and sentences. -
Doukhobor Problem,” 1899-1999
Spirit Wrestling Identity Conflict and the Canadian “Doukhobor Problem,” 1899-1999 By Ashleigh Brienne Androsoff A thesis submitted in conformity with the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy, Graduate Department of History, in the University of Toronto © by Ashleigh Brienne Androsoff, 2011 Spirit Wrestling: Identity Conflict and the Canadian “Doukhobor Problem,” 1899-1999 Ashleigh Brienne Androsoff Degree of Doctor of Philosophy, Graduate Department of History, University of Toronto, 2011 ABSTRACT At the end of the nineteenth century, Canada sought “desirable” immigrants to “settle” the Northwest. At the same time, nearly eight thousand members of the Dukhobori (commonly transliterated as “Doukhobors” and translated as “Spirit Wrestlers”) sought refuge from escalating religious persecution perpetrated by Russian church and state authorities. Initially, the Doukhobors’ immigration to Canada in 1899 seemed to satisfy the needs of host and newcomer alike. Both parties soon realized, however, that the Doukhobors’ transition would prove more difficult than anticipated. The Doukhobors’ collective memory of persecution negatively influenced their perception of state interventions in their private affairs. In addition, their expectation that they would be able to preserve their ethno-religious identity on their own terms clashed with Canadian expectations that they would soon integrate into the Canadian mainstream. This study focuses on the historical evolution of the “Doukhobor problem” in Russia and in Canada. It argues that -
UC Berkeley L2 Journal
UC Berkeley L2 Journal Title Gippius, Gender, and Textual Work in the L2 Classroom Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/6g8901mr Journal L2 Journal, 13(1) Author Lawton, Dominick Publication Date 2021 DOI 10.5070/L213151782 License https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ 4.0 eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California L2 Journal, Volume 13 Issue 1 (2021), pp. 104-107 http://reposittories.cdlib.org/uccllt/l2/vol13/iss1/10ya4 Gippius, Gender, and Textual Work in the L2 Classroom DOMINICK LAWTON UC Berkeley Email: [email protected] My comments will make a case for the value of careful philological work with literary texts— an orientation which looms large in Slavic studies—in the language classroom. Using an example from my own Russian teaching, I propose that a grammatically sensitive, close reading of literature is a valuable way to introduce students to the generative relationship between rules and originality in language use, or the way that each utterance draws on the available resources of a language to intervene into a concrete situation. In this respect, creative use of a language’s literary tradition can illuminate present-day social issues. Literature features prominently in most second language courses, perhaps especially so in Russian L2 curricula due to the immense prestige of canonical literature in Russophone culture. For most Russian teachers, myself included, there are obvious reasons for incorporating literature into our pedagogy: it provides students with cultural capital, increases their literacy, and introduces them to texts that have inherent humanistic interest and aesthetic value. -
Luc Jones "Why Russians Don't Smile?". 4Th Edition
Luc Jones Why Russians Don’t Smile 4th Edition A Guide to Doing Business in Russia and the CIS Countries Luc Jones Why Russians Don’t Smile 4th Edition Supported by: Acknowledgements: Chapters We would like to express our thanks to everybody who contributed comments, articles and general advice for our publication. Additionally we are extremely grateful to our sponsors for their support which helped to I. Scope of this book make this book possible. 18 II. Introduction to Russia and the CIS region 21 III. Expatriates in Russia 30 IV. Travelling to and around Russia and the CIS countries 33 V. Foreign assignments and hiring locally 52 VI. Behavioural differences faced by Expats 59 Limitation of use: VII. Cultural differences 63 Please note that commercial use, distribution, reprint or publication of all or VIII. Language barriers and deciphering names 68 any parts of the book is prohibited without prior written authorisation from IX. Doing business part 1 the author. Reference to the author is obligatory when quoting any content 76 from this publication. X. Doing business part 2 86 XI. Entertainment in Russia 95 XII. Life in Russia - how Russians live 101 XIII. How Russians view foreigners 108 XIV. Charity, Corporate Social Responsibility Author: Luc Jones 113 Project manager: Evgeniya Gonzales XV. Life outside of Moscow and St Petersburg 116 Designers: Ekaterina Gnidina, Nataliya Demkina XVI. CIS focus - the ‘other’ Republics 121 Published by: Intermark Relocation XVII. Public Holidays in Russia 148 7/1 Kropotkinsky Pereulok 119034, Moscow, Russia XVIII. Useful contacts 151 +7 495 502 95 53 XIX. -
Phonetics in Ancient India
SCHOOL OF ORIENTAL AND AFRICAN STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF LONDON London Oriental Series Volume I LONDON ORIENTAL SERIES. VOLUME I PHONETICS IN ANCIENT INDIA BY W. S. ALLEN Lecturer in Comparat£ve Lingu£st£cs at the School of Or£ental and African Studies GEOFFREY CUMBERLEGE OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS LONDON NEW YORK TORONTO 1953 i-\.,)'-2 A L-12:>9.J Oxford University Press, Amen House, London E.C. 4 GLASGOW NEW YORK TORONTO MELBOURNE WELLINGTON BOMBAY CALCUTTA MADRAS KARACHI CAPE TOWN IBADAN Geoffrey Cumberlege, Publisher to the University -, •CE&CtJIAJ nm'' L ,;., ' HHOCTPA. \.)-, nHTEPATYPbl PRINTED IN GREAT BRITAIN PREFACE Tms book is intended as a guide to the appreciation of the earliest phoneticians. Whitney's pioneer expositions of certain of our sources some eighty years ago are acknowledged in the introduc tory chapter; but a general reinterpretation has now long been overdue, and this fact is in itself suggestive of the remarkable quality of the Indian texts. For it implies that they display a level of phonetic discourse beyond the full comprehension of Whitney and his con temporaries, such as only the advances of the late nineteenth and the twentieth centuries enable us to appreciate today. The recogni tion that analyses so advanced in their technique should have been evolved at so early a date 'may well inspire a salutary scientific humility, and it would be at once arrogant and pessimistic not to expect that a reinterpretation will again be necessary in another eighty years-or even eight. I am grateful to Professor J. R. Firth for the encouraging interest he has shown at all stages in the progress of this work, and no less for his constructive suggestions; and I am happy to acknowledge the researches of Dr. -
Secondary Imperfectives and W-Epenthesis in Russian
Ora Matushansky, SFL (CNRS/Université Paris-8/UPL)/UiL OTS/Utrecht University email: Ora.Mаtushа[email protected] homepage: http://www.trees-and-lambdas.info/matushansky/ SECONDARY IMPERFECTIVES AND W-EPENTHESIS IN RUSSIAN Puzzle: The crucial insight of Jakobson 1948 explains verbal stem alternations in Russian as in (1)-(3) between the present and the past by arguing that the longer of the two stems is the underlying one: stem-final vowels and glides are deleted before vocalic suffixes (present: ĕ) and consonantal suffixes (past: l), respectively. (1) a. taj-e-t (2) a. gnij-ó-t (3) a. živ’-ó-t melt-TH-PRES-3SG rot-PRES-3SG live-PRES-3SG melts rots lives b. taj-a-l-a b. gni-l-a b. ži-l-a melt-TH-PAST-F rot-TH-PAST-F live-TH-PAST-F [she] melted [she] rotted [she]lived Thus, in Jakobson’s view (see also Lightner 1965, 1967, Flier 1974a, b), the stem-final glides above (/j/ in (1)-(2), and /w/, surfacing as [v] in (3)) are underlying and their distribution thus should be unpredictable. An alternative analysis (DeArmond 1975, Gladney 2013) is that the glides are epenthetic and verbal roots like those in (2) and (3) are vowel-final. Proposal: We will argue that the glide-insertion and glide-formation processes independently necessary for the derivation of secondary imperfectives not only correctly predict the choice of the w-glide in the relevant stems (4), but also account for verbal stems with the alternation -uj-/-ov.a- (Lightner 1965:36) and the verbalizing suffix -uj-/-ov.a- (Melvold 1990:258-265).