Evaluating the Invasive Potential of an Exotic Scale Insect Associated with Annual Christmas Tree Harvest and Distribution in the Southeastern U.S
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Abstract Walker-Lane, Laura Newman
ABSTRACT WALKER-LANE, LAURA NEWMAN. The Effect of Hemlock Woolly Adelgid Infestation on Water Relations of Carolina and Eastern Hemlock. (Under the direction of John Frampton.) In North America, hemlock woolly adelgid (HWA; Adelges tsugae Annand) is an exotic insect pest from Asia that is causing severe decimation of native eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr.) and Carolina hemlock (Tsuga caroliniana Engelm.). Extensive research has been committed to the ecological impacts and potential control measures of HWA, but the exact physiological mechanisms that cause tree decline and mortality are not known. Eastern and Carolina hemlock may be reacting to infestation in a manner similar to the response of Fraser fir (Abies fraseri (Pursh.) Poir.) to infestation by balsam woolly adelgid (BWA; Adelges picea Ratz.). It is known that Fraser fir produces abnormal xylem in response to BWA feeding. This abnormal xylem obstructs water movement within the trees, causing Fraser fir to die of water-stress. In this study, water relations within 15 eastern and Carolina hemlock were evaluated to determine if infestation by HWA was causing water-stress. Water potential, carbon-13 isotope ratio, stem conductivity, and stomatal conductance measurements were conducted on samples derived from those trees. In addition, branch samples were analyzed for possible wood anatomy alterations as a result of infestation. Pre-dawn branch water potential (Ψ) measurements were more negative in infested hemlock than in non-infested trees. Carbon isotope ratios (normalized δ13C vs. VPDB) of the branches were more positive for infested trees, while stomatal conductance (gs) was lower in infested trees. These results indicate that infested eastern and Carolina hemlock are experiencing drought-like symptoms. -
The Quarterly Journal of the Florida Native Plant Society
Volume 28: Number 1 > Winter/Spring 2011 PalmettoThe Quarterly Journal of the Florida Native Plant Society Protecting Endangered Plants in Panhandle Parks ● Native or Not? Carica papaya ● Water Science & Plants Protecting Endangered Plant Species Sweetwater slope: Bill and Pam Anderson To date, a total of 117 listed taxa have been recorded in 26 panhandle parks, making these parks a key resource for the protection of endangered plant species. 4 ● The Palmetto Volume 28:1 ● Winter/Spring 2011 in Panhandle State Parks by Gil Nelson and Tova Spector The Florida Panhandle is well known for its natural endowments, chief among which are its botanical and ecological diversity. Approximately 242 sensitive plant taxa occur in the 21 counties west of the Suwannee River. These include 15 taxa listed as endangered or threatened by the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS), 212 listed as endangered or threatened by the State of Florida, 191 tracked by the Florida Natural Areas Inventory, 52 candidates for federal listing, and 7 categorized by the state as commercially exploited. Since the conservation of threatened and endangered plant species depends largely on effective management of protected populations, the occurrence of such plants on publicly or privately owned conservation lands, coupled with institutional knowledge of their location and extent is essential. District 1 of the Florida Sarracenia rosea (purple pitcherplant) at Ponce de Leon Springs State Park: Park Service manages 33 state parks encompassing approximately Tova Spector, Florida Department of Environmental Protection 53,877 acres in the 18 counties from Jefferson County and the southwestern portion of Taylor County westward. -
Taxus Floridana Florida Yew1
FPS-573 Taxus floridana Florida Yew1 Edward F. Gilman2 Introduction USDA hardiness zones: 8 through 9A (Fig. 2) Planting month for zone 8: year round This lovely Florida native is an evergreen shrub or small Planting month for zone 9: year round tree. It grows slowly to a height of 20 feet (Fig. 1). The Origin: native to Florida horizontally held, spreading branches are clothed with Uses: near a deck or patio; screen; attracts butterflies; short, dark green needles that look pointed but are actually superior hedge very soft to the touch. New growth is bright green, making Availability: grown in small quantities by a small number a nice contrast to the darker, mature foliage. Insignificant of nurseries flowers are produced in March on female plants and are followed by single-seeded, small, pulpy fruits, ripening to red in the fall. Both leaves and fruit of Florida yew are poisonous. Figure 2. Shaded area represents potential planting range. Figure 1. Florida yew Description Height: 10 to 25 feet General Information Spread: 15 to 25 feet Scientific name: Taxus floridana Plant habit: oval; vase shape Pronunciation: TACK-suss flor-rid-DAY-nuh Plant density: dense Common name(s): Florida yew Growth rate: slow Family: Taxaceae Texture: fine Plant type: shrub 1. This document is FPS-573, one of a series of the Environmental Horticulture Department, UF/IFAS Extension. Original publication date October 1999. Reviewed February 2014. Visit the EDIS website at http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu. 2. Edward F. Gilman, professor, Environmental Horticulture Department; UF/IFAS Extension, Gainesville, FL 32611. The Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS) is an Equal Opportunity Institution authorized to provide research, educational information and other services only to individuals and institutions that function with non-discrimination with respect to race, creed, color, religion, age, disability, sex, sexual orientation, marital status, national origin, political opinions or affiliations. -
Population Isolation Results in Unexpectedly High Differentiation in Carolina Hemlock (Tsuga Caroliniana), an Imperiled Southern Appalachian Endemic Conifer
Tree Genetics & Genomes (2017) 13:105 DOI 10.1007/s11295-017-1189-x ORIGINAL ARTICLE Population isolation results in unexpectedly high differentiation in Carolina hemlock (Tsuga caroliniana), an imperiled southern Appalachian endemic conifer Kevin M. Potter1 & Angelia Rose Campbell2 & Sedley A. Josserand3 & C. Dana Nelson3,4 & Robert M. Jetton5 Received: 16 December 2016 /Revised: 14 August 2017 /Accepted: 10 September 2017 # US Government (outside the USA) 2017 Abstract Carolina hemlock (Tsuga caroliniana Engelm.) is a range-wide sampling of the species. Data from 12 polymor- rare conifer species that exists in small, isolated populations phic nuclear microsatellite loci were collected and analyzed within a limited area of the Southern Appalachian Mountains for these samples. The results show that populations of of the USA. As such, it represents an opportunity to assess Carolina hemlock are extremely inbred (FIS =0.713)andsur- whether population size and isolation can affect the genetic prisingly highly differentiated from each other (FST =0.473) diversity and differentiation of a species capable of long- with little gene flow (Nm = 0.740). Additionally, most popu- distance gene flow via wind-dispersed pollen and seed. This lations contained at least one unique allele. This level of dif- information is particularly important in a gene conservation ferentiation is unprecedented for a North American conifer context, given that Carolina hemlock is experiencing mortality species. Numerous genetic clusters were inferred using two throughout -
Identifying and Managing Christmas Tree Diseases, Pests, and Other Problems Luisa Santamaria Chal Landgren
PNW 659 ∙ April 2014 Identifying and Managing Christmas Tree Diseases, Pests, and Other Problems Luisa Santamaria Chal Landgren A Pacific Northwest Extension Publication Oregon State University ∙ University of Idaho ∙ Washington State University AUTHORS & ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Luisa Santamaria, assistant professor, Extension plant pathologist in nursery crops; and Chal Landgren, professor, Extension Christmas tree specialist; both of Oregon State University. The authors thank the following peers for the review of these diagnostic cards and for their helpful comments and suggestions. In alphabetical order: • Michael Bondi–Oregon State University • Gary Chastagner–Washington State University • Rick Fletcher–Oregon State University • Alina Freire-Fierro–Drexel University • Carla Garzon–Oklahoma State University • Dionisia Morales–Oregon State University • Kathy Riley–Washington State University • Helmuth Rogg–Oregon Department of Agriculture • David Shaw–Oregon State University • Cathy E. Thomas–Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture • Luis Valenzuela–Oregon State University This project was funded by the USDA Specialty Crop Block Grant program (grant numbers ODA-2577-GR and ODA-3557-GR). TABLE OF CONTENTS Diseases Damage (Weather) Annosus Root Rot . .1-2 Frost Damage . 43 Phytophthora Root Rot . .3-4 Winter Injury . 44 Grovesiella Canker . .5-6 Drought . 45 Interior Needle Blight . .7-8 Heat Damage . 46 Rhabdocline Needle Cast . .9-10 Swiss Needle Cast . 11-12 Damage (Chemical) Melampsora Needle Rust . 13-14 2,4-D and triclopyr . 47 Pucciniastrum Needle Rust . 15-16 Fertilizer Burn . 48 Uredinopsis Needle Rust . 17-18 Glyphosate (Roundup) . 49 Triazines . 50 Insects Twig Aphid . 19-20 Damage (Vertebrate) Conifer Root Aphid . 21-22 Deer, Elk, Mice, & Voles . 51 Conifer Aphids . 23-24 Rabbits & Birds . 52 Balsam Woolly Adelgid . -
(Taxus Sumatrana) MELALUI STEK PUCUK
PERBANYAKAN VEGETATIF CEMARA SUMATRA (Taxus Sumatrana) MELALUI STEK PUCUK SKRIPSI HAMDU AFANDI RAMBE 131201071 DEPARTEMEN BUDIDAYA HUTAN FAKULTAS KEHUTANAN UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA 2018 PERBANYAKAN VEGETATIF CEMARA SUMATRA (Taxus Sumatrana) MELALUI STEK PUCUK SKRIPSI OLEH : HAMDU AFANDI RAMBE 131201071 DEPARTEMEN BUDIDAYA HUTAN FAKULTAS KEHUTANAN UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA 2018 PERBANYAKAN VEGETATIF CEMARA SUMATRA (Taxus sumatrana) MELALUI STEK PUCUK SKRIPSI Oleh: HAMDU AFANDI RAMBE 131201071 Skripsi sebagai salah satu syarat untuk memperoleh Gelar Sarjana Kehutanan di Fakultas Kehutanan Universitas Sumatera Utara DEPARTEMEN BUDIDAYA HUTAN FAKULTAS KEHUTANAN UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA 2018 LEMBAR PENGESAHAN Judul Skripsi : Perbanyakan Vegetatif Cemara Sumatra (Taxus sumatrana) Melalui Stek Pucuk Nama Mahasiswa : Hamdu Afandi Rambe NIM : 131201071 Program Studi : Kehutanan Minat : Budidaya Hutan Disetujui oleh Komisi Pembimbing Dr. Arida Susilowati S.Hut., M.Si Cut Rizlani Kholibrina S.Hut., M.Si Ketua Anggota Mengetahui, Mohammad Basyuni, S.Hut., M.Si., Ph.D Ketua Departemen Budidaya Hutan Tanggal Lulus : ABSTRACT HAMDU AFANDI RAMBE: Vegetative Propagation of Sumatran Yew(Taxus sumatrana) Through Shoot Cuttings. Supervised by ARIDASUSILOWATI and CUT RIZALNI KHOLIBRINA. Taxus sumatrana is native endangered taxol producing trees from Indonesia. Sumatran yew tree known as source of promising drug for cancer. This tree is one of the rare plants in Indonesia, and even IUCN Redlist put it in Critically Endangered or critical conservation status. The application of shoot cuttings method on this plant is expected to overcome the natural regeneration type problems, producing qualified seedling and encourage the sustainability of growth, cultivation and conservation efforts of sumatran yew. Randomized Complete Random Design (RAL) Factorial with 2 factors and 20 repetitions was used in this research. -
Biology and Management of Balsam Twig Aphid
Extension Bulletin E-2813 • New • July 2002 Biology and Management of Balsam Twig Aphid Kirsten Fondren Dr. Deborah G. McCullough Research Assistant Associate Professor Dept. of Entomology Dept. of Entomology and Michigan State University Dept. of Forestry Michigan State University alsam twig aphid (Mindarus abietinus MICHIGAN STATE aphids will also feed on other true firs, Koch) is a common and important UNIVERSITY including white fir (A. concolor) and B insect pest of true fir trees (Fig. 1). Canaan fir (A. balsamea var. phanerolepsis), This bulletin is designed to help you EXTENSION especially if they are growing near balsam recognize and manage balsam twig aphid in or Fraser fir trees. Christmas tree plantations. Knowing the biology of this aphid will help you to plan scouting and Biology control activities, evaluate the extent of damage caused by Balsam twig aphid goes through three generations every aphid feeding and identify the aphid’s natural enemies. year. The aphids overwinter as eggs on needles near the Using an integrated management program will help you to bases of buds. Eggs begin to hatch early in spring, typically control balsam twig aphid efficiently and effectively. around late March to mid-April, depending on temperatures and location within the state. Hatching is completed in one to two weeks. Recent studies in Michigan showed that egg Photo by M. J. Higgins. hatch began at roughly 60 to 70 degree-days base 50 degrees F (DD50) and continued until approximately 100 DD50 (see degree-days discussion under “Timing insecticide sprays” on p. 5). The newly hatched aphids are very small and difficult to see, but by mid- to late April, at approximately 100 to 140 DD50, they have grown enough to be easily visible against a dark background. -
Rhizopogon Togasawariana Sp. Nov., the First Report of Rhizopogon Associated with an Asian Species of Pseudotsuga
Rhizopogon togasawariana sp. nov., the first report of Rhizopogon associated with an Asian species of Pseudotsuga Mujic, A. B., Hosaka, K., & Spatafora, J. W. (2014). Rhizopogon togasawariana sp. nov., the first report of Rhizopogon associated with an Asian species of Pseudotsuga. Mycologia, 106(1), 105-112. doi:10.3852/13-055 10.3852/13-055 Allen Press Inc. Version of Record http://hdl.handle.net/1957/47245 http://cdss.library.oregonstate.edu/sa-termsofuse Mycologia, 106(1), 2014, pp. 105–112. DOI: 10.3852/13-055 # 2014 by The Mycological Society of America, Lawrence, KS 66044-8897 Rhizopogon togasawariana sp. nov., the first report of Rhizopogon associated with an Asian species of Pseudotsuga Alija B. Mujic1 the natural and anthropogenic range of the family Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon and plays an important ecological role in the State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331-2902 establishment and maintenance of forests (Tweig et Kentaro Hosaka al. 2007, Simard 2009). The foundational species Department of Botany, National Museum of Nature concepts for genus Rhizopogon were established in the and Science, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki, 305-0005, Japan North American monograph of Smith and Zeller (1966), and a detailed monograph also has been Joseph W. Spatafora produced for European Rhizopogon species (Martı´n Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon 1996). However, few data on Asian species of State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331-2902 Rhizopogon have been incorporated into phylogenetic and taxonomic studies and only a limited account of Asian Rhizopogon species has been published for EM Abstract: Rhizopogon subgenus Villosuli are the only associates of Pinus (Hosford and Trappe 1988). -
Georgian Country and Culture Guide
Georgian Country and Culture Guide მშვიდობის კორპუსი საქართველოში Peace Corps Georgia 2017 Forward What you have in your hands right now is the collaborate effort of numerous Peace Corps Volunteers and staff, who researched, wrote and edited the entire book. The process began in the fall of 2011, when the Language and Cross-Culture component of Peace Corps Georgia launched a Georgian Country and Culture Guide project and PCVs from different regions volunteered to do research and gather information on their specific areas. After the initial information was gathered, the arduous process of merging the researched information began. Extensive editing followed and this is the end result. The book is accompanied by a CD with Georgian music and dance audio and video files. We hope that this book is both informative and useful for you during your service. Sincerely, The Culture Book Team Initial Researchers/Writers Culture Sara Bushman (Director Programming and Training, PC Staff, 2010-11) History Jack Brands (G11), Samantha Oliver (G10) Adjara Jen Geerlings (G10), Emily New (G10) Guria Michelle Anderl (G11), Goodloe Harman (G11), Conor Hartnett (G11), Kaitlin Schaefer (G10) Imereti Caitlin Lowery (G11) Kakheti Jack Brands (G11), Jana Price (G11), Danielle Roe (G10) Kvemo Kartli Anastasia Skoybedo (G11), Chase Johnson (G11) Samstkhe-Javakheti Sam Harris (G10) Tbilisi Keti Chikovani (Language and Cross-Culture Coordinator, PC Staff) Workplace Culture Kimberly Tramel (G11), Shannon Knudsen (G11), Tami Timmer (G11), Connie Ross (G11) Compilers/Final Editors Jack Brands (G11) Caitlin Lowery (G11) Conor Hartnett (G11) Emily New (G10) Keti Chikovani (Language and Cross-Culture Coordinator, PC Staff) Compilers of Audio and Video Files Keti Chikovani (Language and Cross-Culture Coordinator, PC Staff) Irakli Elizbarashvili (IT Specialist, PC Staff) Revised and updated by Tea Sakvarelidze (Language and Cross-Culture Coordinator) and Kakha Gordadze (Training Manager). -
Using Multiple Methodologies to Understand Within Species Variability of Adelges and Pineus (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha) Tav Aronowitz University of Vermont
University of Vermont ScholarWorks @ UVM Graduate College Dissertations and Theses Dissertations and Theses 2017 Using Multiple Methodologies to Understand within Species Variability of Adelges and Pineus (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha) Tav Aronowitz University of Vermont Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis Part of the Biology Commons, Entomology Commons, and the Environmental Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Aronowitz, Tav, "Using Multiple Methodologies to Understand within Species Variability of Adelges and Pineus (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha)" (2017). Graduate College Dissertations and Theses. 713. https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/713 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Dissertations and Theses at ScholarWorks @ UVM. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate College Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks @ UVM. For more information, please contact [email protected]. USING MULTIPLE METHODOLOGIES TO UNDERSTAND WITHIN SPECIES VARIABILITY OF ADELGES AND PINEUS (HEMIPTERA: STERNORRHYNCHA) A Thesis Presented by Tav (Hanna) Aronowitz to The Faculty of the Graduate College of The University of Vermont In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science Specializing in Natural Resources May, 2017 Defense Date: March 6, 2016 Thesis Examination Committee: Kimberly Wallin, Ph.D., Advisor Ingi Agnarsson, Ph.D., Chairperson James D. Murdoch, Ph.D. Cynthia J. Forehand, Ph.D., Dean of the Graduate College ABSTRACT The species of two genera in Insecta: Hemiptera: Adelgidae were investigated through the lenses of genetics, morphology, life cycle and host species. The systematics are unclear due to complex life cycles, including multigenerational polymorphism, host switching and cyclical parthenogenesis. I studied the hemlock adelgids, including the nonnative invasive hemlock woolly adelgid on the east coast of the United States, that are currently viewed as a single species. -
Phylogeny and Biogeography of Tsuga (Pinaceae)
Systematic Botany (2008), 33(3): pp. 478–489 © Copyright 2008 by the American Society of Plant Taxonomists Phylogeny and Biogeography of Tsuga (Pinaceae) Inferred from Nuclear Ribosomal ITS and Chloroplast DNA Sequence Data Nathan P. Havill1,6, Christopher S. Campbell2, Thomas F. Vining2,5, Ben LePage3, Randall J. Bayer4, and Michael J. Donoghue1 1Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8106 U.S.A 2School of Biology and Ecology, University of Maine, Orono, Maine 04469-5735 U.S.A. 3The Academy of Natural Sciences, 1900 Benjamin Franklin Parkway, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103 U.S.A. 4CSIRO – Division of Plant Industry, Center for Plant Biodiversity Research, GPO 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601 Australia; present address: Department of Biology, University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennesee 38152 U.S.A. 5Present address: Delta Institute of Natural History, 219 Dead River Road, Bowdoin, Maine 04287 U.S.A. 6Author for correspondence ([email protected]) Communicating Editor: Matt Lavin Abstract—Hemlock, Tsuga (Pinaceae), has a disjunct distribution in North America and Asia. To examine the biogeographic history of Tsuga, phylogenetic relationships among multiple accessions of all nine species were inferred using chloroplast DNA sequences and multiple cloned sequences of the nuclear ribosomal ITS region. Analysis of chloroplast and ITS sequences resolve a clade that includes the two western North American species, T. heterophylla and T. mertensiana, and a clade of Asian species within which one of the eastern North American species, T. caroliniana, is nested. The other eastern North American species, T. canadensis, is sister to the Asian clade. Tsuga chinensis from Taiwan did not group with T. -
Fusarium Torreyae (Sp
HOST RANGE AND BIOLOGY OF FUSARIUM TORREYAE (SP. NOV), CAUSAL AGENT OF CANKER DISEASE OF FLORIDA TORREYA (TORREYA TAXIFOLIA ARN.) By AARON J. TRULOCK A THESIS PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 2012 1 © 2012 Aaron J. Trulock 2 To my wife, for her support, patience, and dedication 3 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to thank my chair, Jason Smith, and committee members, Jenny Cruse-Sanders and Patrick Minogue, for their guidance, encouragement, and boundless knowledge, which has helped me succeed in my graduate career. I would also like to thank the Forest Pathology lab for aiding and encouraging me in both my studies and research. Research is not an individual effort; it’s a team sport. Without wonderful teammates it would never happen. Finally, I would like to that the U.S. Forest Service for their financial backing, as well as, UF/IFAS College of Agriculture and Life Science for their matching funds. 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS page ACKNOWLEDGMENTS .................................................................................................. 4 LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................................ 6 LIST OF FIGURES .......................................................................................................... 7 ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................................... 8