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(Taxus Sumatrana) MELALUI STEK PUCUK

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PERBANYAKAN VEGETATIF CEMARA SUMATRA (Taxus Sumatrana) MELALUI STEK PUCUK SKRIPSI HAMDU AFANDI RAMBE 131201071 DEPARTEMEN BUDIDAYA HUTAN FAKULTAS KEHUTANAN UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA 2018 PERBANYAKAN VEGETATIF CEMARA SUMATRA (Taxus Sumatrana) MELALUI STEK PUCUK SKRIPSI OLEH : HAMDU AFANDI RAMBE 131201071 DEPARTEMEN BUDIDAYA HUTAN FAKULTAS KEHUTANAN UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA 2018 PERBANYAKAN VEGETATIF CEMARA SUMATRA (Taxus sumatrana) MELALUI STEK PUCUK SKRIPSI Oleh: HAMDU AFANDI RAMBE 131201071 Skripsi sebagai salah satu syarat untuk memperoleh Gelar Sarjana Kehutanan di Fakultas Kehutanan Universitas Sumatera Utara DEPARTEMEN BUDIDAYA HUTAN FAKULTAS KEHUTANAN UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA 2018 LEMBAR PENGESAHAN Judul Skripsi : Perbanyakan Vegetatif Cemara Sumatra (Taxus sumatrana) Melalui Stek Pucuk Nama Mahasiswa : Hamdu Afandi Rambe NIM : 131201071 Program Studi : Kehutanan Minat : Budidaya Hutan Disetujui oleh Komisi Pembimbing Dr. Arida Susilowati S.Hut., M.Si Cut Rizlani Kholibrina S.Hut., M.Si Ketua Anggota Mengetahui, Mohammad Basyuni, S.Hut., M.Si., Ph.D Ketua Departemen Budidaya Hutan Tanggal Lulus : ABSTRACT HAMDU AFANDI RAMBE: Vegetative Propagation of Sumatran Yew(Taxus sumatrana) Through Shoot Cuttings. Supervised by ARIDASUSILOWATI and CUT RIZALNI KHOLIBRINA. Taxus sumatrana is native endangered taxol producing trees from Indonesia. Sumatran yew tree known as source of promising drug for cancer. This tree is one of the rare plants in Indonesia, and even IUCN Redlist put it in Critically Endangered or critical conservation status. The application of shoot cuttings method on this plant is expected to overcome the natural regeneration type problems, producing qualified seedling and encourage the sustainability of growth, cultivation and conservation efforts of sumatran yew. Randomized Complete Random Design (RAL) Factorial with 2 factors and 20 repetitions was used in this research. The first factor (Factor H) wascutting medium consists soil: husk (2: 1 v/v) and soil: ricehusk: carbonized rice husk (1: 1: 1 v/v). Second factor (Factor W) is ZPT application consisting of no addition of Rootone F (W1) and addition of Rootone F (W2). Observedparameters in this research were: survival rate, rooting percentage, number of primary roots and length of primary root. The result showed that cutting media and ZPT treatment significantly affected the number of primary roots but not for other parameters. Cutting result showing varied of survival percentage (50 – 65%), rooting percentage ranged from 10 – 30%, the number of primary roots yielded 2 to 10, and the lengthof primary roots ranged from 0.85 to 2.5 cm. The medium with a combination of soil and husk (2: 1 v / v) with the addition of ZPT yields the highest rooting percentage. Keywords: Taxus sumatrana, shoot cuttings, plan growth regulator i ABSTRAK HAMDU AFANDI RAMBE: Perbanyakan Vegetatif Cemara Sumatra (Taxus sumatrana) Melalui Stek Pucuk. Dibimbing oleh ARIDA SUSILOWATI dan CUT RIZALNI KHOLIBRINA. Taxus sumatrana merupakan salah satu pohon penghasil taxolyang terancam punah asal Indonesia. Pohon ini dikenal karena merupakan sumber bahan baku pembuatan obat anti kanker dan dikategorikan sebagai tanaman langka, bahkan IUCN Redlist memasukkannya dalam status konservasi Critically Endangered atau kritis. Penerapan metode stek pucuk pada tanaman ini diharapkan mampu mengatasi permasalahan regenerasi alami jenis, penyediaan bibit yang berkualitas serta mendorong keberlanjutan pengembangan, pembudidayaan maupun upaya penyelamatan cemara sumatra. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) Faktorial dengan 2 faktor dan 20 ulangan. Faktor pertama (Faktor H) adalah media stek yang digunakan terdiri dari tanah : sekam (2:1 v/v), dan tanah : sekam : arang sekam (1:1:1 v/v/v ). Faktor kedua (Faktor W) adalah penggunaan ZPT yang terdiri dari tanpa penambahan Rootone F (W1) dan penambahan Rootone F (W2). Adapun parameter yang diamati meliputipersentase stek hidup, persentase stek berakar, jumlah akar primer danpanjang akar primer. Kemudian data yang diperoleh dioleh dan dilakukan sidik ragam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa media tanam dan ZPT berpengaruh nyata terhadap parameter jumlah akar primer sedangkan parameter persentase hidup, persentase berakar, dan panjang akar primer tidak memberikan pengaruh nyata. Hasil stek menunjukan persentase stek hidup 50 – 65%, persentase stek berakar berkisar 10 - 30%, jumlah akar primer menghasilkan 2 – 10 buah, dan panjang akar primer berkisar 0,85 – 2.5 cm. Media dengan kombinasi tanah dan sekam (2:1 v/v) dengan penambahan ZPT menghasilkan persentase berakar tertinggi. Kata kunci: Taxus sumatrana, stek pucuk, zat pengatur tumbuh ii RIWAYAT HIDUP Penulis lahir di Marindal tanggal 13 Juli 1995 dari pasangan Drs. H. Jafaruddin Rambe dan Dra.Hj. Nurlina Pohan. Penulis merupakan anak keempat dari empat bersaudara. Tahun 2007 penulis lulus dari SD Negeri 106815Deli Serdang. Tahun 2010 penulis lulus dari SMP Negeri 6 Medan. Tahun 2013 penulis lulus dari SMA Negeri 3Medan. Selanjutnya pada tahun yang sama penulis melanjutkan studi kuliah di Fakultas Kehutanan Universitas Sumatera Utara melalui Seleksi Nasional Masuk Perguruan Tinggi Negeri (SNMPTN). Selain mengikuti perkuliahan, penulis merupakan anggota aktif Rimbawan pecinta alam (RIMBAPALA) Kehutanan USU sebagai kepala Divisi Trees Climbing periode 2015-2016 , Rain Forest Kehutanan USU sebagai wakil Ketua periode 2015- 2016, menjadi anggota Kaderisasi KAMMI Nusantara 2014, JIMMKI Kehutanan USU 2015, KPU Fakultas Kehutanan USU sebagai Ketua umum 2016-2017, KPU Universita Sumatera Utara periode 2017-2018, Asisten mata kuliah Biologi pada Tahun 2015, penulisan mengikuti kegiatan praktik pengenalan ekosistem hutan di Aek Nauli pada tahun 2015. penulis juga pernah memberikan prestasi Juara 1 Nasional paper competition Plan Protecion Day pada tahun2016di Universitas Padjajaran Jatinangor Jawa Barat, peserta lomba Debate di acara Nasional Economi Education Fair pada tahun 2017 di Universitas Negeri Malang Jawa Timur. Penulis juga melaksanakan praktik kerja lapangan (PKL) di Taman Nasional Bromo Tengger Semeru dari tanggal 23 Januari-23 Februari 2017. iii KATA PENGANTAR Puji dan syukur penulis panjatkan kehadirat Allah SWT karena rahmat dan karunia-Nya penulis dapat menyelesaikan hasil penelitian ini dengan baik.Skripsi yang berjudul “Perbanyakan Vegetatif Cemara Sumatra (Taxus sumatrana) Melalui Stek Pucuk” ini dapat diselesaikan dengan baik. Skripi ini merupakan salah satu syarat untuk mendapatkan gelar Sarjana Kehutanan (S1). Dalam kesempatan dengan selesainya skripsi ini, penulis ingin mengucapkan terima kasih kepada kedua orangtua, Ayahanda Drs. H. Jafaruddin Rambe dan Ibunda Dra. Hj. Nurlina Pohan yang telah memberikan dukungan dan doanya serta Ibu Dr. Arida Susilowati, S.Hut., M. Si. dan Ibu Cut Rizlani Kholibrina, S.Hut, M.Si. selaku dosen pembimbing yang telah banyak mengarahkan, membimbing, dan memberikan saran kepada penulis dari awal penelitian sampai selesainya skripsi ini.Terimakasih kepada Siti Latifah, S.Hut., M.Si.,Ph.D selaku dekan Fakultas Kehutanan dan terimakasih kepada seluruh dosen serta pegawai Program Studi Kehutanan. Di samping itu, penulis juga mengucapkan terima kasih kepada sahabat MARTEL Family, rekan penelitian, Muhtar Ardansah Munthe, Ila Masyitah Rani, My winta’s serta seluruh teman-teman mahasiswa Fakultas Kehutanan USU. Penulis berharap Semoga skripsi ini bermanfaat dalam pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan pendidikan di bidang kehutanan. Medan, Januari 2018 Penulis iv DAFTAR ISI Halaman ABSTRAK ................................................................................................ i ABSTRACT ............................................................................................ ii RIWAYAT HIDUP ................................................................................. iii KATA PENGANTAR ............................................................................ iv DAFTAR ISI .......................................................................................... v DAFTAR TABEL ................................................................................... vi DAFTAR GAMBAR .............................................................................. vii PENDAHULUAN Latar Belakang ............................................................................... 1 Tujuan Penelitian ........................................................................... 4 Manfaat Penelitian ......................................................................... 4 TINJAUAN PUSTAKA Taksonomi Taxus sumatrana ......................................................... 5 Ciri Morfologi Taxus sumatrana ................................................... 5 Habitus dan Penyebaran ................................................................ 6 Manfaat .......................................................................................... 8 Permasalahan pada Taxus sumatrana ............................................ 8 Teknik Perbanyakan Vegetatif ...................................................... 9 Media Tanam ................................................................................. 11 Zat Pengatur Tumbuh ..................................................................... 13 METODE PENELITIAN Waktu dan Tempat ......................................................................... 15 Alat dan Bahan .............................................................................. 15 Metode Penelitian .........................................................................
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