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Set-Up of the Nordic and Barents Seas (Noba) Atlantis Model

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Set-Up of the Nordic and Barents Seas (Noba) Atlantis Model nr. 2/2016 HAVET Set-up of the Nordic and Barents Seas (NoBa) Atlantis model Cecilie Hansen, Mette Skern-Mauritzen, Gro I. van der Meeren, Anne Jähkel and Ken Drinkwater FISKEN OG Set-up of the Nordic and Barents Seas (NoBa) Atlantis model Cecilie Hansen, Mette Skern-Mauritzen, Gro I. van der Meeren, Anne Jähkel and Ken Drinkwater Contents Abstract………… ....................................................................................................................................................6 1 Introduction…. ................................................................................................................................................6 2 Model – groups and parameters......................................................................................................................9 2.1 Creating netcdf files for Atlantis................................................................................................................9 2.2 Biological components in NoBa, references, use and abbreviations..........................................................9 2.2.2 Bacteria............................................................................................................................................11 2.2.3 Detritus ............................................................................................................................................12 2.2.4 Dinoflagellates.................................................................................................................................12 2.2.5 Flagellates........................................................................................................................................12 2.2.6 Diatoms............................................................................................................................................12 2.2.7 Filter feeders....................................................................................................................................12 2.2.8 Predatory benthos ............................................................................................................................13 2.2.9 Deposit feeders ................................................................................................................................13 2.2.10 Corals...............................................................................................................................................13 2.2.11 Sponges............................................................................................................................................13 2.2.12 Red king crab (Paralithodes camtschaticus, Tilenau 1815)............................................................14 2.2.13 Snow crab (Chionoecetes opilio, Fabricius, 1788) ..........................................................................14 2.2.14 Zooplankton -General.....................................................................................................................15 2.2.15 Small zooplankton ...........................................................................................................................15 2.2.16 Mesozooplankton.............................................................................................................................16 2.2.17 Large zooplankton ...........................................................................................................................16 2.2.18 Gelatineous zooplankton .................................................................................................................17 2.2.19 Shrimps (Pandalus borealis, Krøyer 1838).....................................................................................17 2.2.20 Squid (Gonatus fabricii, Lichtenstein, 1818) ..................................................................................18 2.2.21 Mesopelagic fish..............................................................................................................................18 2.2.22 Small pelagics..................................................................................................................................19 2.2.23 Large pelagics..................................................................................................................................21 2.2.24 Sharks ...............................................................................................................................................21 2.2.25 Other demersals ...............................................................................................................................22 2.2.26 Capelin (Mallotus villosus, Müller 1776)........................................................................................23 2.2.27 Polar cod (Boreogadus saida, Lepechin 1774)................................................................................24 2.2.28 Northeast Arctic cod (Gadus morhua, Linnaeus 1758) ...................................................................25 2.2.29 Haddock (Melongrammus aeglefinus, Linnaeus 1758) ...................................................................26 2.2.30 Skates and rays ................................................................................................................................27 2.2.31 Long rough dab (Hippoglossoides platessoides, Fabricius 1780) ...................................................28 2.2.32 Other flatfish....................................................................................................................................29 2.2.33 Greenland halibut (Reinhardtius hippoglossoides, Walbaum 1792) ...............................................30 2.2.34 Other redfish (Golden redfish: Sebastes norvegicus, Ascanius, 1772)............................................31 2.2.35 Redfish (Beaked redfish Sebastes mentella, Travin 1951) ..............................................................31 4 2.2.36 Norwegian Spring Spawning Herring (Clupea harengus, Linnaeus 1758) .......................................32 2.2.37 Blue whiting (Micromesistius poutassou, A. Risso 1827)...............................................................33 2.2.38 Mackerel (Scomber scombrus, Linnaeus 1758)...............................................................................34 2.2.39 Saithe (Pollachius virens, Linnaeus 1758) ......................................................................................35 2.2.40 Other large demersals ......................................................................................................................36 2.2.41 Minke whale (Balaenoptera acutorostrata, Lacepede 1804) ..........................................................37 2.2.42 Humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae, Borowski 1781) .......................................................38 2.2.43 Fin whale (Balaenoptera physalus, Linnaeus 1758)........................................................................39 2.2.44 Killer whale (Orcinus orca, Fitzinger 1860) ...................................................................................40 2.2.45 Sperm whale (Physeter macrocephalus, Linnaeus 1758)................................................................41 2.2.46 Harp seal (Pagophilus groenlandicus, Erxleben 1777) ...................................................................41 2.2.47 Hooded seal (Cystophora cristata, Erxleben 1777).........................................................................43 2.2.48 Bearded seal (Erignathus barbatus, Erxleben 1777).......................................................................43 2.2.49 Ringed seal (Phoca hispida, Schreber 1775)..................................................................................44 2.2.50 Seabirds ..........................................................................................................................................45 2.2.51 Polar Bear (Ursus maritimus, Phipps 1774) ....................................................................................47 2.3 Future prospects.......................................................................................................................................48 Acknowledgments..................................................................................................................................................49 Figures and Tables .................................................................................................................................................50 References……………….. ..................................................................................................................................101 5 Abstract End-to-end models are important tools when moving towards an ecosystem based approach to fisheries management. Atlantis is one such end-to-end model. Atlantis has been developed for several areas, including Australia, U.S., and European waters, and models for other areas are under development, The models give unique opportunities to explore spatial impact of climate and fisheries, and includes all levels from physical forcing to top predators in the system, including bacteria, phytoplankton, zooplankton, fish, benthos and marine mammals. Atlantis for the Nordic and Barents Seas (NoBa) has been built with the aim of representing the key species and processes in the areas, where the main objective is to explore combined climate and fisheries scenarios. In setting up the model several thousand
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