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(12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2010/0221697 A1 SEHGAL (43) Pub US 2010O221 697A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2010/0221697 A1 SEHGAL (43) Pub. Date: Sep. 2, 2010 (54) COMPOSITION FOR PRESERVING Related U.S. Application Data PLATELETS AND METHOD OF USING AND (63) Continuation-in-part of application No. 1 1/330,132, STORING THE SAME filed on Jan. 12, 2006. (60) Provisional application No. 60/643,107, filed on Jan. (75) Inventor: Lakshman R. SEHGAL, Monarch 12, 2005. Beach, CA (US) Publication Classification Correspondence Address: (51) Int. Cl. MORRIS MANNING MARTIN LLP AOIN I/02 (2006.01) 3343 PEACHTREE ROAD, NE, 1600 ATLANTA (52) U.S. Cl. ............................................................ 435/2 FINANCIAL CENTER (57) ABSTRACT ATLANTA, GA 30326 (US) The present invention relates to a method for preserving and storing platelets. The method includes the steps of admixing (73) Assignee: BioVec Transfusions, LLC, inactivated, functional platelets with a preservative composi Chicago, IL (US) tion comprising an effective amount of one or more pharma ceutically acceptable inhibitors of platelet activation to form preserved platelets, storing the preserved platelets at low tem (21) Appl. No.: 12/770,389 perature, and removing the one or more inhibitors of platelet activation from the preserved platelets by diafiltration prior to (22) Filed: Apr. 29, 2010 transfusion. Patent Application Publication Sep. 2, 2010 Sheet 1 of 8 US 2010/0221 697 A1 instrument Tracing & Cup N Whole Blood Maximurn Amplitude Fibrin/Plate let Strands Amplitude at . A 60 minutes A. B FIG. Patent Application Publication Sep. 2, 2010 Sheet 2 of 8 US 2010/0221 697 A1 Patent Application Publication US 2010/0221697 A1 Patent Application Publication Sep. 2, 2010 Sheet 4 of 8 US 2010/0221697 A1 1. silisters Patent Application Publication Sep. 2, 2010 Sheet 5 of 8 US 2010/0221697 A1 O rimeters F.G. 6 frates FIG. 7 Sep. 2, 2010 Sheet 6 of 8 US 2010/0221697 A1 200 AU 20A OAU OAU 20 AU . AU AU 200 AU 2OOAU OAU OAU F.G. 12 FIG. 13 Patent Application Publication Sep. 2, 2010 Sheet 7 of 8 US 2010/0221697 A1 ? OAU 200 AU 200 AU OAU OAU 2OOAU 2OOAU F.G. 18 F.G. 19 3? Patent Application Publication Sep. 2, 2010 Sheet 8 of 8 US 2010/0221697 A1 4. 200 AU F.G. 20 FIG 21 ree r as a as - - - - - - - - - - as w a p- - - was i 20OAU 3. : a mora as a la as a seek - a - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2OOAU $ & 1a as s s s: ar 3. s wns FIG. 22 FIG. 23 US 2010/0221 697 A1 Sep. 2, 2010 COMPOSITION FOR PRESERVING 0007 Another reason platelets have a short shelf-life is PLATELETS AND METHOD OF USING AND that an inadequate oxygen Supply alters the metabolic activity STORING THE SAME of the platelets. In an environment lacking a sufficient oxygen Supply, the platelets undergo an anaerobic mechanism lead ing to accumulation of lactic acid. The increased concentra 0001. This application is a continuation-in-part applica tion of lactic acid causes a drop in pH, and results in cell death. tion of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 1 1/330,132, filed Jan. Although platelets can be stored in gas permeable bags using 12, 2006, which claims priority from U.S. Provisional Appli a shaker bath under a stream of air to help overcome this cation Ser. No. 60/643,107 filed Jan. 12, 2005. The entirety of problem, such storage methods are costly and extremely inef that provisional application is incorporated herein by refer ficient and inadequate in meeting the oxygen requirements of CCC. the stored platelets. 0008 Platelet sterility is difficult to maintain because platelets cannot be stored at low temperatures, for example 4 FIELD C. to 5°C. A low storage temperature for the platelets initiates 0002 The present invention relates to a composition and an activation process within the platelets that leads to aggre method for extending the shelf-life of platelets. More particu gation and cell death. Bacterial growth in the platelet medium larly, the present invention relates to a method for preserving at Suitable storage temperatures, e.g., room temperature, can platelet in a preservative composition comprising one or more lead to an unacceptable occurrence of bacterial contamina inhibitors of platelet activation aggregation and removing the tion in platelets used for transfusion. As a result, the Food and one or more inhibitors by diafiltration prior to transfusion. Drug Administration (FDA) limits the storage time of plate The method is particularly useful in extending life and main lets to five (5) days, thereby safeguarding the transfusion taining the efficacy of platelets. Supply from bacterial contamination. 0009. Many sterilization methods have been suggested. BACKGROUND Platelet compositions typically can be sterilized by radiation, chemical sterilization, or a combination thereof. For example, 0003. When blood vessels are damaged, cell fragments a method of inactivating viral and bacterial blood contami released from the bone marrow, called platelets, adhere to the nants using a quinoline as a photosensitizer is disclosed in walls of blood vessels and form clots to prevent blood loss. It U.S. Pat. No. 5,798.238. Other classes of photosensitizers is important to have adequate numbers of normally function are, for example, psoralens, coumarins, or other polycyclic ing platelets to maintain effective clotting, or coagulation, of ring compounds, as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,869,701: the blood. Occasionally, when the body undergoes trauma, or quinolones, as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,955,256: free when the platelets are unable to function properly, it is nec radical and reactive forms of oxygen, as disclosed in U.S. Pat. essary to replace or transfer platelet components of blood into Nos. 5,981,163 and 6,087.141; and phenothiazin-5-ium dyes, a patient. Most commonly, platelets are obtained from Volun as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,030,767. U.S. Pat. No. 6,106, teer donors either as a component of a whole blood unit, or via 773 discloses another method for disinfecting biological flu plateletpheresis (withdrawing only platelets from a donorand ids, including platelets, by contacting the biological fluids re-infusing the remaining of the blood back into the donor). with an iodinated matrix material. The platelets then are transferred to a patient as needed, a 0010. These sterilization methods, however, do not extend process referred to as “platelet transfusion.” storage life of platelet but, on the contrary, appear to signifi 0004 Platelet transfusion is indicated under several differ cantly decrease platelet functionality by activating platelets. ent scenarios. For example, an acute blood loss, either during To effectively extend the shelf life of platelets, not only are an operation or as a result of trauma, can cause the loss of a sterilization methods for preventing contamination of the large amount of platelets in a short period of time. Platelet platelets important, but it also would be beneficial to provide transfusion is necessary to restore a normal ability to control improved methods to protect the platelets during the steril blood flow, or haemostasis. In a medical setting, an individual ization. It would also be beneficial to provide a convenient, can develop a condition of decreased number of platelets, a effective preservative solution for prolonging the shelf-life of condition known as thrombocytopenia. The condition can the platelets, while maintaining the functionality and fresh occur as a result of chemotherapy, and requires platelet trans ness of the platelets. In addition, it would be beneficial to fusion to restore normal blood clotting. provide a method or composition for storing platelets that 0005. Unlike red blood cells, which can be stored for requires less management of the Surrounding platelet storage forty-five (45) days, platelets can be stored for only five to environment. seven days. The short storage term, or shelf-life, of the plate lets severely limits the useful span for a platelet supply. A SUMMARY consequence of this short shelf-life is that platelets must be 0011. The present invention relates to a method for pre collected close to their time of use, which makes it extremely serving and storing platelets. The method includes the steps difficult to coordinate platelet collection and platelet supply. of admixing inactivated, functional platelets with a preserva 0006. One reason platelets have such short shelf-life is that tive composition comprising an effective amount of one or platelets become activated during the process of collection. more pharmaceutically acceptable inhibitors of platelet acti The activation process leads to externalization of platelet Vation to form preserved platelets; storing the preserved canalicular surfaces exposing receptor sites, such as GPIb/ platelets at a low temperature; and removing the one or more IIIa. Phosphatidylserine residues on activated platelets tend inhibitors of platelet activation from the preserved platelets to cause platelet aggregation, which results in cell death (i.e., by diafiltration prior to transfusion. The low temperature is in apoptosis) upon re-infusion into patients. Thus, a platelet the range of about -20°C. to about 12°C. The preservative functional half-life is significantly reduced. method permits an extended storage of platelets while main US 2010/0221 697 A1 Sep. 2, 2010 taining blood clotting properties without affecting the half prolonged time with the Biovec platelet before the initiation life of the platelets in circulation after transfusion. of clot formation reflects incomplete removal of the inhibi 0012. In one embodiment, the one or more inhibitors of tOrS. platelet activation include an anticoagulantandanantiplatelet 0031 FIG. 5 shows data following one day of storage of a agent. second set of split platelet concentrate units. The control is 0013. In a related embodiment, the antiplatelet agent is again represented by the blacktracing and the Biovec test unit capable of reversibly blocking platelet activation and/or by the green tracing.
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