Toarcian, Aalenian and Early Bajocian (Jurassic)

Home , Calliphylloceras, Caumontisphinctes, Dumortieria, Graphoceras, Hammatoceratidae, Harpoceras

S T U D I A G E O L O G I C A P O L O N I C A Vol. 123, Kraków 2004, pp. 7–131. Geology of the Pieniny Klippen Belt and the Tatra Mts, Carpathians Edited by K. Birkenmajer Part XVII

Ryszard MYCZYÑSKI 1

Toarcian, Aalenian and Early Bajocian (Jurassic) ammonite faunas and biostratigraphy in the Pieniny Klippen Belt and the Tatra Mts, West Carpathians2 (Figs 1–39; Tabs 1–5)

Abstract. The ammonite faunas here described were derived from the Toarcian (Lower Jurassic) and Lower Bajocian (Middle Jurassic) strata of the Pieniny Klippen Belt and the Lower Subtatric Succession, Polish Tatra Mts (West Carpathians). The ammonites belong to the families: Phyllo- ceratidae, Lytoceratidae, Hildoceratidae, Graphoceratidae, Hammatoceratidae, Sonniniidae, Otoiti- dae and Stephanoceratidae. The associated bivalve faunule is represented by the families Inocera- midae and ?Posidoniidae. Stratigraphic evaluation of the ammonite assemblages helped to redefine age ranges of some lithostratigraphic units in the Pieniny Klippen Belt and the Lower Subtatric Succession, Tatra Mts.

Key words: Pieniny Klippen Belt, Tatra Mts, biostratigraphy, Early-Middle Jurassic, ammonites, bivalves.

INTRODUCTION The paper presents systematic description and stratigraphic evaluation of new Toarcian through Early Bajocian ammonite and bivalve faunas from the Pieniny Klippen Belt, Polish part (Figs 1, 2), and the Lower Subtatric Nappe, Polish Tatra Mts (Fig. 8), West Carpathians. The specimens elaborated are housed in the Insti- tute of Geological Sciences, Polish Academy of Sciences, Twarda 51/55, 00-818 Warszawa.

1 Institute of Geological Sciences, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Twarda 51/55, 00-818 Warszawa, Poland. E-mail: [email protected] 2 Manuscript accepted for publication July 15, 2004. 8 R. MYCZYÑSKI

Collections: Ba – Brzeziny II: site 39 (Podskalnia Shale Mbr), coll. R. Myczyñski Br – Brzeziny I: site 38d (Podskalnia Shale Mbr), coll. R. Myczyñski Brb – Brzeziny I: site 38b (Skalnite Marlstone Mbr), coll. R. Myczyñski Brt – Brzeziny I: site 38b (Skalnite Marlstone Mbr), coll. R. Myczyñski CS – site 8 (Krempachy Marl Fm.), coll. R. Myczyñski Cz – Czorsztyn Castle (Skrzypny Shale Fm; loc.: see Birkenmajer, 1963a), coll. L. Watycha Czor. – site 33 (Krempachy Marl Fm.), coll. R. Myczyñski D – site 21 (Krempachy Marl Fm.), coll. R. Myczyñski FiP – site 36 (So³tysia Marlstone Fm.), coll. R. Myczyñski G, GAc – sites 12, 13 (Podzamcze Limstone Fm.), coll. R. Myczyñski HW – site Czorsztyn Castle (Skrzypny Shale Fm.), coll. H. Wierzbowski K – site 31 (Krempachy Marl Fm.), coll. R. Myczyñski KB – sites 21; 23–26; W of Hedeki Wierch (Krempachy Marl Fm., Skrzypny Shale Fm.), coll. K. Birkenmajer Kob – site 38a (Koby³a Limestone Mbr), coll. R. Myczyñski Kp – sites 14–17 (Skrzypny Shale Fm.), coll. R. Myczyñski KrP – site 30 (Skrzypny Shale Fm.), coll. R. Myczyñski KSB – site 23 (Skrzypny Shale Fm.), coll. R. Myczyñski LW – Czorsztyn Castle (Krempachy Marl Fm.; loc.: see Birkenmajer, 1963a), coll. L. Watycha Mc – sites 2–11 (Homole Gorge area: Krempachy Marl Fm., Skrzypny Shale Fm., Harcygrund Shale Fm., Podzamcze Limestone Fm.), coll. R. Myczyñski N – site 28 (Skrzypny Shale Fm.), coll. R. Myczyñski SB – site 23 (Skrzypny Shale Fm.), coll. R. Myczyñski SKA – site Pieniñski Stream (Pliensbachian limestones; loc.: Horwitz, 1937; Birkenmajer & Myczyñski, 1994), coll. R. Myczyñski WS – site 22 (Podzamcze Limestone Fm. – after K. Birkenmajer, personal information, 2004), coll. R. Myczyñski ZA – site 33 (Krempachy Marl Fm.), coll. R. Myczyñski ZN – site 25 (Skrzypny Shale Fm.), coll. R. Myczyñski.

PIENINY KLIPPEN BELT: LITHOSTRATIGRAPHIC UNITS SAMPLED In the Pieniny Klippen Belt of Poland, new ammonite and bivalve faunas have been collected from the Toarcian through Lower Bajocian deposits belonging mainly to the Czorsztyn-, Niedzica- and Czertezik successions, partly also to the Branisko and the Pieniny successions (sensu Birkenmajer, 1977). Their location in the field is shown in Figs 1 and 2. The following lithostratigraphic units were sampled: (1) the Krempachy Marl Formation; (2) the Skrzypny Shale Formation; (3) the Harcygrund Shale Forma- tion; (4) the Podzamcze Limestone Formation (for formal description of these units – see Birkenmajer, 1977). Stratigraphic evaluation of the ammonite and bivalve faunas described in this paper (see below), have allowed to revise stratigraphic boundaries of the above units. Remark: Palaeontological determination and stratigraphic evaluation of an ammonite fauna from the Upper Pliensbachian “spotty limestone” (informal unit) of the Pieniny Succession (see Birkenmajer, 1977), including a revision of that col- AMMONITE FAUNAS AND BIOSTRATIGRAPHY 9

Latvia CRACOW A F O R E D E B a l t i c S e a Lithuania E P N D RS L A R E CARPAT F O ER HIA sia T NS us U L A N lor O P O D ye BORISLAV G e r m a n y B WARSAW B Czech AR CRACOW Ukraine R C PAT Republic A E HI k N AN va blic IN S Slo epu BRATISLAVA Austria R Hungary Italy Romania 0 100 km BUDAPEST

D NOWY TARG u n B Dun a 0 5 10 km aje je 33 c 23 c 32 29 -26 35 -30 14 21 CZORSZTYN 22 -17 1a-c ZASKALE SZCZAWNICA NIEDZICA ROGONIK KREMPACHY FALSZTYN CASTLE JAWORKI SOBCZAÑSKI SZAFLARY GORGE Y E 34 N ka L 31 I an O c N pi M e u m O BIA£A j EE Kr ea na tr H WODA u ka I S D a³ 27 ³y Bi P ia B -28 10 4-5 18-20 2-3 9, 11 6-8

- 1 - 2 - 3 - 4 31 - 5 RS - 6

Fig. 1. A. Location of the Pieniny Klippen Belt (in black) within the Carpathians (adapted from Birkenmajer, 1963a, 1977); box – area shown in fig. 1B. B. Faunal site location in the Pieniny Klippe Belt; 1 – Magura Nappe (Palaeogene flysch); 2 – Podhale Palaeogene (Palaeogene flysch); 3 – Pieniny Klippen Belt; 4 – northern and southern tectonic boundaries of the Pieniny Klippen Belt; 5 – faunal sites 1–35 (as described in the text); 6 – Republic of Russia lected and determined by Horwitz (1937), has been published by Birkenmajer and Myczyñski (1994).

(1) Krempachy Marl Formation This formal lithostratigraphic unit includes spotty, grey, grey-bluish marls and marly-shaly limestones which occur mainly in the Czorsztyn-, Czertezik-, Nie- dzica- and the Branisko successions (Birkenmajer, 1977, 1979). Previously, this unit was being described under the name of the “Opalinum marls”, mainly from the Czorsztyn Succession (see Birkenmajer, 1958, 1963a, b, 1970a, 1977). In the Czorsztyn Succession (northernmost unit of the Pieniny Klippen Belt basin), the rocks are light-grey, becoming darker-coloured in the more southern ones – the Czertezik – through the Branisko successions. They show numerous traces of bioturbation (e.g., Tyszka, 1991). Crinoid-filament-spiculite miocrofacies pre- dominates in the marly limestones. Based on stratigraphic evaluation of previously published faunas, Birkenmajer (1963a, b, 1977) proposed a Late Pliensbachian (Domerian) through lowest Late 10 R. MYCZYÑSKI

y tar S a k d ok Grajc to o Pot are o W k P a rn a Cierchliska z JAW O R K I C Po to k a k o £ê G t k g r o o na i aj P t bi ca 14 u re o z z e k P an R o Ubocz 15 C m i to £a ³k a k o³tys 16 ka w B B I A £ A S ia S rio ia ka³a sa ³a ia S Pi W O D A tok Sztoln W Po 17 W o d ¹ a 1a w ó z 1b H 1c olegow o Sm a Krupianka m a G a r b P k o o n l ia e to p C k ru z k K S a S to k ja k o a P Czerwona k a ³ l a o s

Ska³a w k P i a

t ski o ow k oni 8 Konio- K K k 9 a o lakow m wiec t etry sk o P a io 7 S P ka³a n z S k c 4 a ze 6 pan 10 11 18 ówka 19 3 20 G a 5 c 12 ó ka w 2 ws k ³o a aw ³a Polana P ka rœ S Cy la 13

Kiczery Durbaszka Polana S tach Pod Wysok¹ ur ów 0 1 km S L O V A K R E P U B L I C ka

Fig. 2. Faunal sites 1–20 (see the text) in the Pieniny Klippen Belt between Bia³a Woda and Jaworki (base map adapted from Birkenmajer, 1970a, fig. 2)

Aalenian age for the Krempachy Marl Formation. The best documented ammonite zones were: the Pleydellia aalensis Subzone (Late Toarcian); the Leioceras opalinum Zone and the Tmetoceras scissum Zone (Early Aalenian).

(2) Skrzypny Shale Formation This formal lithostratigraphic unit includes black and dark-grey/bluish shales with spherosiderite (sideroplesite – see Birkenmajer & Narêbski, 1958) concretions. The unit occurs in most stratigraphic successions of the Pieniny Klippen Belt basin, from the Czorsztyn Succession in north, through the Pieniny Succession in the south (see Birkenmajer, 1977). Previously, this lithostratigraphic unit was known under the name of the “Murchisonae shales” (see Birkenmajer, 1958, 1963a, b, 1977). Based on stratigraphic evaluation of previously published faunas from the Czorsztyn Succession, a Late Aalenian through Middle Bajocian age was accepted (Birkenmajer, 1963a, b, 1977). The best documented ammonite zones were: the AMMONITE FAUNAS AND BIOSTRATIGRAPHY 11

Ludwigia murchisonae and the Graphoceras concavum zones (Late Aalenian); and the Sonninia sowerbyi and the Otoites sauzei zones (lower and middle zones of Middle Bajocian – see Birkenmajer, 1963a, b, 1977).

(3) Harcygrund Shale Formation This formal lithostratigraphic unit occurs mainly in the basinal Branisko and Pi- eniny successions, moreover in the basinal Magura Succession (Grajcarek Unit) of the Pieniny Klippen Belt (Birkenmajer, 1977). It consists of grey to dark-grey to black marly shales, silty marls and marly limestones. Previously, this unit was known under the name “Posidonia beds” or “Posidonomya beds” (e.g., Horwitz, 1937, 1963; Birkenmajer, 1958, 1963b, 1970a). Its invertebrate fauna, mainly ammonites and bivalves, has been described in detail from the Branisko and the Pien- iny successions (sensu Birkenmajer, 1958, 1963b, 1970a, 1977, 1979) by Horwitz (1937) and Myczyñski (1973). An Early (previously: Middle) Bajocian age of the unit has been accepted: the Sonninia sowerbyi-, the Otoites sauzei- and lowest part of the Stephanoceras humphriesianum zones (Myczyñski, 1973; Birkenmajer, 1977).

(4) Podzamcze Limestone Formation This formal lithostratigraphic unit occurs in the basinal Branisko and Pieniny successions (Birkenmajer, 1977, 1979). Previously, it was known under the name “Posidonia beds” (Horwitz, 1937, 1963) and “supra-Posidonia beds” or “supra-Posidonomya beds” (Birkenmajer, 1958, 1963b, 1970a). The formation consists of spotty, blue-grey, brownish weathered, marly, often silicified limestones alternating with dark-grey marly shales. Trace fossils, i.a. Zoophycos, are abundant. A rich ammonite and bivalve fauna has been described by Horwitz (1937), Myczyñski (1973) and Birkenmajer and Myczyñski (2000). It indicates the Early (previously Middle) Bajocian Stephanoceras humphriesianum Zone.

PIENINY KLIPPEN BELT: FAUNAL SITES Bia³a Woda and Jaworki (Figs 1, 2) Site 1: Bia³a Woda. Bia³a Woda valley, east of the Smolegowa Ska³a klippe, exposures in stream bed and on its banks (see Fig. 2: 1a–c). For geological map location see Birkenmajer (1963a, pl. 23, fig. 2). Czorsztyn Succession. Site 1a: Krempachy Marl Formation. Small exposure (3 x 12 m) of spotty marls, 300 m east of the Bia³a Woda village (Fig. 2: 1a) which yielded: Holcophylloceras ultramontanum (Zittel), Mc-2/50 (see Fig. 19: 4); Leioceras comptum (Reinecke), Mc-6/50; and L. lineatum Buckman, Mc-4/50a, b, Mc-7/50, Mc-8/50, Mc-10/50, Mc-11/50 (see Figs 27, 28). Age of the ammonite assemblage: Early Aalenian, the Leioceras opalinum Zone. Sites 1b & c: Skrzypny Shale Formation. Two small exposures of dark-grey, nearly black, slightly calcareous shales, west bank of stream, c. 450 m east of the 12 R. MYCZYÑSKI

Bia³a Woda village (Fig. 2: 1b, c). Site 1b yielded Graphoceras rudis (Buckman); site 1c yielded: Graphoceras decorum Buckman, Mc-5/50 (see Fig. 33); Ptycho- phylloceras tatricum (Pusch) – see Figs 16–18; and three specimens of Phylloceras spp. Age of the ammonite assemblage: Late Aaalenian Graphoceras concavum Zone, as based on G. decorum Buckman. Sites 2 & 3: Homole Gorge area, N of Paw³owska Ska³a. East (right) slope of the Kamionka Stream valley, above Homole Gorge, south of the Czajakowa Ska³a klippe, north of the Paw³owska Ska³a klippe (Fig. 2: 2, 3). Two small exposures of dark-grey shales of the Skrzypny Shale Formation, Niedzica Succession. For geological map location see Birkenmajer (1970a, pl. I). The rocks yielded numerous specimens of Phylloceras spp., Brasilia baylei Buckman and Graphoceras rudis (Buckman). Site 4: Homole Gorge area, Petrylakowska Ska³a. Left slope of the Kamionka Stream valley south of Homole Gorge: eastern slope of the Petrylakowska Ska³a klippe. Exposure (c. 4 x 15 m) of grey-bluish spotty marls of the Krempachy Marl Formation, Czorsztyn Succession (Fig. 2: 4). For geological map location – see Birkenmajer (1970a, pl. I). The rocks yielded: Calliphylloceras sp. cf. nilssoni (Hé- bert), Mc-4/87/18; Ptychophylloceras tatricum (Pusch), Mc-4/87; Leioceras opalinum (Reinecke), Mc-4/87/1, 7, 9, Mc-1/31b; L. comptum (Reinecke), Mc-4/87/11, 1 (see Fig. 27); Pleydellia sp. cf. P. fluitans (Dumortier), Mc-4/87/15; P. cf. fluens Buckman, Mc-4/87/19a-c; P. sp. nov. aff. P. backmanni Maubeuge, Mc-4/87/9 (see Fig. 25: 5); P. subcompta (Branco), Mc-4/14; P. (Walkericeras) lugdunensis Elmi et Rulleau, Mc-4/87/13, 14, 17 (see Fig. 26: 1, 2). This fauna indicates an Upper Toarcian through Lower Aalenian age of the Krempachy Marl For- mation. Below this exposure, in a small landslide developed near outlet of the Ko- niowski Stream, has been found a poorly preserved specimen determined as Pleu- roceras sp. This may confirm Horwitz’s (1936, 1937) view that a part of the discussed limestones belongs to the Domerian (see discussion in Birkenmajer, 1970a). Site 5: Homole Gorge area, west of Paw³owska Ska³a. Left slope of the Ka- mionka Stream valley, west of the Paw³owska Ska³a klippe (Fig. 2: 5). Exposure of blue-grey, slightly spotty limestones, partly silicified, attributed by Birkenmajer (1970a, pl. I) to the “Supra-Posidonia beds” (= Podzamcze Limestone Formation, Birkenmajer, 1977) of the Branisko Succession. They yielded: ?Partschiceras sp. (one specimen), Inoceramus (Mytiloceramus) cf. polyplocus Roemer and Bositra buchi (Roemer). Sites 6–8: Homole Gorge area, south of Czajakowa Ska³a. Right slope of the Kamionka Stream valley south of the Czajakowa Ska³a klippe (Fig. 2: 6–8). Small exposures of the Skrzypny Shale Formation (sites 6, 7) and the Krempachy Marl Formation (site 8), Niedzica Succession. For geological map location – see Birken- majer (1970a, fig. 3; pl. I) Sites 6 & 7 (Skrzypny Shale Fm.) yielded: Calliphylloceras connectens (Zittel); Ptychophylloceras tatricum (Pusch); P. chonomphalum (Vacek) – see Figs 16–18; Ludwigia cf. murchisonae (Sowerby) and Ludwigia sp. AMMONITE FAUNAS AND BIOSTRATIGRAPHY 13

Site 8 (Krempachy Marl Formation: weathered marls) yielded Ptychophyllo- ceras tatricum (Pusch) – see Fig. 17; Pachylytoceras aff. dilucidum (Oppel) – see Fig. 20: 4; Brasilia bradfordensis Buckman; B. similis (Buckman); ?B. cf. tutcheri (Buckman) – see Figs 28, 30; and Bositra buchi (Roemer) – see Fig. 35: 6. This fauna is indicative of the Ludwigia murchisonae Zone, the Brasilia bradfordensis Subzone (Aalenian). The Krempachy Marl Formation is here overlain by the Skrzypny Shale Forma- tion (Niedzica Succession) which yielded: Phylloceras spp.; Ludwigia sp.; and Bositra buchi (Roemer). Site 9: Homole Gorge area, Koniowski Stream. Small exposure of dark shales belonging to the Skrzypny Shale Formation, Czorsztyn Succession, N of the Petry- lakowska Ska³a klippe, near outlet of the Koniowski Stream (see Birkenmajer, 1970a, pl. I). They yielded: Ptychophylloceras tatricum (Pusch); P. chonomphalum (Vacek), and Graphoceras cornu (Buckman) – see Figs 16, 17. Site 10: Homole Gorge area: Koniowski Stream. Middle part of the Kon- iowski Stream valley, east of Szczepanówka (see Fig. 2: 10). A large exposure (40 x 6 m) in stream bed of grey and dark-grey silty shales and shaly limestones attributed by Birkenmajer (1970a, pl. I) to the “Supra-Posidonia beds” (= Podzamcze Lime- stone Fm. of Birkenmajer, 1977) of the Branisko Succession. It yielded Dorseten- sia romani (Oppel) – see Fig. 36: 1, which indicates a Lower Bajocian age of the rocks. Site 11: Homole Gorge area, S of Petrylakowska Ska³a. At left slope of the Kamionka Stream, south of the Petrylakowska Ska³a klippe, crop out dark-grey silty shales attributed by Birkenmajer (1970a, pl. I) to the “Posidonia shales” (= Harcygrund Shale Fm. – Birkenmajer, 1977) of the Magura Succession (Grajcarek Unit). They yielded: Ptychophylloceras tatricum (Pusch) – see Figs 16, 17; Lyto- ceras spp.; Ludwigia sp.; and numerous specimens of Inoceramus (Mytiloceramus) aff. polyplocus Roemer (see Fig. 35: 4, 7). This fauna indicates an Aalenian age of the formation. Sites 12, 13: Homole Gorge area: Gacówka. Two exposures of the Podzamcze Limestone Formation, consisting of grey-bluish, spotty, thin- to medium-bedded limestone, were sampled on northern slope of the Gacówka mount (see Birkenma- jer, 1970a, pl. I): site 12 near northern base of the mount (Fig. 2: 12), site 13 at the top of the mount (Fig. 2: 13). Site 12 yielded Emileia (Emileia) cf. polyschides (Waagen) – see Fig. 36: 4. Site 13 yielded one specimen of Skirroceras sp. cf. S. macrum (Quenstedt) – GAc-1 (see Fig. 39). These ammonites indicate a Lower Bajocian, Stephanoceras humphriesianum Zone, age of the Podzamcze Limestone Formation at Gacówka mount. Sites 14–17: Krupianka Stream. Four exposures (Fig. 2: 14–17) of the Skrzypny Shale Formation of the Czorsztyn Succession in the Krupianka Stream valley near the So³tysia Ska³a klippe at Jaworki (for closer geological location – see Birkenmajer, 1963a, pl. XXIII, fig. 1; pl. XXIV, figs 1, 2; 1970a, pl. I; 1979, fig. 100). 14 R. MYCZYÑSKI

Sites 14 & 15 are located some 200 m south of the Krupianka Stream outlet. Site 14 did not yield any macrofauna, site 15 yielded infrequent specimens of Phyllo- ceras sp., Megalytoceras sp. cf. M. rubescens (Dumortier), Ludwigia sp. and Bosi- tra buchi (Roemer). Site 16 (12 × 4 m), located some 500 m south of the Krupianka Stream outlet, exposed strongly tectonised dark-grey, nearly black shales with small sideroplesite concretions and thin intercalations of grey-brown sideritic limestone. Pyritised amonite and bivalve moulds often occur in cores of the concretions. The following fauna has been determined: Cenoceras (Cenoceras) sp. nov. aff. C. (C.) striatum (Sowerby), Calliphylloceras connectens (Zittel), Holcophylloceras ultramontanum (Zittel), Ptychophylloceras tatricum (Pusch), P. chonomphalum (Vacek), ?Megalytoceras rubescens (Dumortier), M. sp. cf. ?M. rubescens (Dumortier), An- colioceras opalinoides (Mayer), Brasilia bradfordensis (Buckman), B. baylei Buckman, B. similis Buckman, and Bositra buchi (Roemer) – see Figs. 16–20; 28: 2, 3; 36: 3. This fauna indicates the Brasilia bradfordensis Subzone of Late Aalenian age. Site 17 is located some 150 south of site 16, below the So³tysia Ska³a klippe (Fig. 2: 17). It yielded: Holcophylloceras sp. cf. H. ultramonanum (Zittel), Ptychophyl- loceras tatricum (Pusch), P. chonomphalum (Vacek), ?Megalytoceras rubescens (Dumortier) and Brasilia bradfordensis (Buckman) – see Figs 16–19 and 31. This is also the Brasilia bradfordensis Subzone of Late Aalenian age. Sites 18–20: Homole Gorge area, south of Szczepanówka. Small exposures of the Krempachy Marl Formation and the Skrzypny Shale Formation, Czorsztyn Succession (Fig. 2: 18–20) between Szczepanówka and Cyrœlowe Ska³ki klippes (for geological map location – see Birkenmajer, 1970a, pl. I). The marls yielded: three specimens of Phylloceras sp. [ex gr. Ptychophylloceras tatricum (Pusch)], and one specimen of Leioceras sp. The shales yielded one specimen of Grapho- ceras cornu (Buckman). These faunules are indicative of Aalenian age.

Szczawnica Ni¿na (Fig. 1B: 21)

Site 21: Szczawnica Ni¿na, NW of Kotuñka klippe. This is an exposure of spotty, grey, fossiliferous marls, with dark-grey marly shale intercalations, belonging to the Krempachy Marl Formation of the Czertezik Succession (personal information, K. Birkenmajer, 2004). The site is located north-west of the Kotuñka klippe just above the road Szczawnica Ni¿na-Kroœcienko, at right slope of the Dunajec River valley. This fossiliferous site was known already to Horwitz (1922, 1923) and described by him as the “Dumortieria beds”. The Krempachy Marl Formation tectonically contacts in the north with Jurassic and Cretaceous rocks of the Grajcarek Unit (personal information, K. Birkenmajer, 2004). The marls are tectonically overturned (to the south): the Upper Toarcian strata (c. 2 m thick) are exposed in the northern, higher part of the exposure, while the younger Aalenian ones (c. 4 m thick) – in its southern, lower part, just above the road (Fig. 3). AMMONITE FAUNAS AND BIOSTRATIGRAPHY 15

S N

0 1 2 3 m

Fig. 3. Exposure of the Czertezik Succession at Szczawnica, site 21. 1 – black shales (Skrzypny Shale Formation); 2–3 – Krempachy Marl Formation, tectonically reversed section (2 – Late Toarcian ammonites; 3 – Aalenian ammonites); 4 – Szlachtowa Formation (Upper Toarcian–Lower Aalenian), Grajcarek Unit); 5 – weathering cover; heavy lines denote tectonic contacts

The following fauna has been determined: Calliphylloceras connectens (Zittel), C. sp. cf. C. nilssoni (Hébert), Holcophylloceras ultramontanum (Zittel), Ptycho- phylloceras tatricum (Pusch), P. chonomphalum (Vacek), Dumortieria cf. levesquei (d’Orbigny), D. cf. flexicosta Ernst, D. cf. radiosa (Seebach), Pleydellia aalensis (Zieten), P. (Walkericeras) lugdunensis Elmi et Rulleau, P. cf. fluens Buckman, Tmetoceras scissum (Benecke), Leioceras opalinum (Reinecke), L. comptum (Reinecke), Costileioceras costatum (Quenstedt), Pseudaptetoceras cf. klimakomphalum (Vacek) and Osperlioceras alternans (Monestier) – see Figs 16–19, 23, 24, 26, 34. The above fauna indicates the presence of the following ammonite zones: the Dumortieria pseudoradiosa Zone and the Pleydellia aalensis Zone (Late Toar- cian); the Leioceras opalinum Zone (Early Aalenian) and the Ludwigia murchisonae Zone, lower part (Late Aalenian, previously attributed to the Tmetoceras scissum Zone). 16 R. MYCZYÑSKI

Fig. 4. Exposure of the Branisko Succession at Kapuœnica S (site 23). 1, 2 – Podzamcze Limestone Formation (1 – blue-grey hard limestones alternating with marly shales; 2 – dark-grey shales); 3 – Krempachy Marl Formation (3 – brown-grey spotty marls and marly shales); 4 – Harcygrund Shale Formation (4 – dark-grey marly shales and marly limestones); 5 – Skrzypny Shale Formation (5 – black and bluish-black shales with sideroplesite concretions, faunal sites indicated); 6 – Bositra buchi; 7 – ammonites; heavy lines denote tectonic contacts

Sromowce Ni¿ne (Fig. 1B: 22) Site 22: W¹wóz Sobczañski Gorge. Upper part of the Sobczañski W¹wóz below Szopka Pass (“Chwa³a Bogu”). Outcrops of the Skrzypny Shale Formation (with Phylloceras sp. only), and the Harcygrund Shale Formation of the Pieniny Succession.The latter yielded Holcophylloceras ultramontanum (Zittel) Calliphyl- loceras connectens (Zittel), Lytoceras sp., Dorsetensia romani (Oppel), and D. sp. cf. eduardiana (d’Orbigny), indicating the Early Bajocian Dorsetensia romani Zone. The rocks attributed here to the Harcygrund Shale Formation, according to Prof. K. Birkenmajer (personal information, 2004) belong rather to the Podzamcze Limestone Formation.

Czorsztyn to Niedzica Castle (Fig. 1B: 23–26) Site 23: Kapuœnica S (Fig. 2: 23). Exposure on the left slope of the Dunajec River valley (now under water table of artificial lake) of the Branisko Succession (for geological location and comparable field sections – see Birkenmajer, 1958, III, fig. 75, middle part; 1960; 1963b; 1979, fig. 61). Formal lithostratigraphic termi- nology after Birkenmajer (1977). Skrzypny Shale Formation (Fig. 4): dark-grey, strongly tectonized shales yielded: Ptychophylloceras tatricum (Pusch), Ludwigia cf. murchisonae (Sow- erby), Brasilia bradfordensis (Buckman), B. similis Buckman, and Bositra buchi (Roemer) – see Figs 17–19, 24–31, 34. This fauna indicates the Middle Aalenian Ludwigia murchisonae Zone, Brasilia bradfordensis Subzone. AMMONITE FAUNAS AND BIOSTRATIGRAPHY 17

Fig. 5. Sites 25, 26: Kapuœnica W, exposures I and II, looking south-west (for geological interpretation – see Fig. 6). Branisko Succession

Site 24: Kapuœnica N (Fig. 2: 24). Some 200 m to the north of site 23, left side of the Dunajec River Valley, towards the Harcygrund Valley. Exposures of the Skrzypny Marl Formation and the Krempachy Marl Formation, Niedzica Succes- sion (see Birkenmajer, 1958 III, fig. 75: left part; 1960; 1963b), now under water table of artificial lake. Krempachy Marl Formation: greyish, spotty, to grey-yellowish (weathered) marly limestones and marls, with Leioceras sp. and Bositra buchi (Roemer) – Lower Aalenian. Skrzypny Shale Formation: black and black-bluish shales with carbonate/sideroplesite concretions. They yielded: Ludwigia sp. and Bositra buchi (Roemer) – Upper Aalenian. Site 25: Kapuœnica W, exposure I (Fig. 1B: 25; Fig. 5: I; Fig. 6). South of the Niedzica Castle hill, right side of the Dunajec River valley, site of the water dam (now inaccessible – under water table of artificial lake). Krempachy Marl Forma- tion and Skrzypny Shale Formation of the Branisko Succession (according to Prof. K. Birkenmajer – personal information, 2004; see Birkenmajer, 1960; 1963a, pl. VIII, fig. 4; 1988, fig. 6). Skrzypny Shale Formation (Figs 5: I; 6): strongly tectonized dark-blue to black marly shales with carbonate (sideroplesite) concretions up to a dozen or so cm in size, and with grey to brownish sideritic limestone intercalations 5–20 cm thick. The formation yielded: Ptychophylloceras tatricum (Pusch), Holcophylloceras sp. cf. H. ultramontanum (Zittel), Ptychophylloceras chonomphalum (Vacek), ?Mega- lytoceras rubescens (Dumortier), Brasilia baylei Buckman, B. cf. eschense Mau- beuge, and Bositra buchi (Roemer) – see Figs 17–19, 29, 30, 34. This fauna indicates a higher part of the Ludwigia murchisonae Zone (after Mouterde et al., 1971) or the Brasilia bradfordensis Subzone (after Cresta, 1999) of Late Aalenian age. 18 R. MYCZYÑSKI

Fig. 6. Sites 25 and 26: Kapuœnica W, exposures I and II, looking south-west (cf. Fig. 5), geological interpretation. Branisko Succession: 1a – Krempachy Marl Formation (Toarcian– Aale- nian); 1 – Skrzypny Shale Formation (bluish-black shale with sideroplesite concretions; Aalenian ammonite sites indicated); 2 – Czajakowa Radiolarite Formation (green and red radiolarites and siliceous limestones, Oxfordian); 3 – Flaki Limestone Formation (greyish crinoid limestone, probably Bathonian); heavy lines indicate selected tectonic contacts

Site 26: Kapuœnica W, exposure II (Fig. 5: II). Location – as at site 24. Expo- sure (ca 20 × 1.5 m). Skrzypny Shale Formation and the Krempachy Marl Forma- tion, Branisko Succession (According to Prof. K. Birkenmajer – personal information, 2004). Skrzypny Shale Formation: dark-grey and dark-bluish marly shales with carbonate concretions (containing ammonites, belemnites, bivalves and gastropods), and with grey-brownish sideritic limestone intercalations. The determined fauna included Graphoceras decorum Buckman, G. rudis (Buckman), G. cornu Buck- man, G. cf. limitatum Buckman and Bositra buchi (Roemer) – see Figs 29, 34. It indicates the Graphoceras concavum Zone of Late Aalenian age, showing that this part of the Skrzypny Shale Formation is younger than that of site 24. Krempachy Marl Formation: weathered, yellowish-grey, slightly spotty marls (which contact from the north with the Skrzypny Shale Formation) yielded: Ptychophylloceras tatricum (Pusch), Calliphylloceras connectens (Zieten) and Bositra buchi (Roemer) – see Figs 17–19, 34. This fauna indicates an Aalenian age of the strata. AMMONITE FAUNAS AND BIOSTRATIGRAPHY 19

Falsztyn and Niedzica villages (Fig. 1B: 27, 28) Site 27: Falsztyn village, road cutting. Black shales of the Skrzypny Shale Formation, Czorsztyn Succession, with: Ptychophylloceras tatricum (Pusch) and Bositra buchi (Roemer). Site 28: Niedzica village, near ¯³obowe Potoczki. Small exposure in northern part of the Niedzica village near the ¯³obowe Potoczki streams. A compact grey sideritic limestone layer yielded Docidoceras (Trilobiticeras) sp. cf. D. (T.) punctum (Vacek). Geological position of the limestone layer is unclear – probably the Skrzypny Shale Formation of the Niedzica Succession (see Birkenmajer, 1960).

Krempachy area (Fig. 1B: 29, 30) Site 29: Krempachy, Krêty Stream S (Fig. 2B: 29). Exposures in right (eastern) slope of the Krêty Stream valley, Lorencowe Ska³ki klippes south of Krem- pachy (for geological location – see Birkenmajer, 1958 II, figs 52, 55; 1961; 1963a, pl. VII, fig. 1, pl. XII, fig. 6; 1979, fig. 37). Czorsztyn Succession, Skrzypny Shale Formation: three small exposures of strongly tectonized dark-grey shales with carbonate concretions and thin sideritic limestone intercalations which yielded: Ptychophylloceras tatricum (Pusch), Calliphylloceras sp. gr. C. connectens (Zieten) and Bositra buchi (Roemer) – see Figs 17–19. Site 30: Krempachy, Krêty Stream N (Fig. 2B: 30). Artificial exposure some 200 m N of site 29. Czorsztyn Succession, tectonically reversed strata: the Krem- pachy Marl Formation overlie the Skrzypny Shale Formation. Krempachy Marl Formation: grey spotty marls. They yielded: Dumortieria cf. levesquei (d’Orbigny), D. cf. radians (Reinecke), D. sp., Leioceras opalinum (Rei- necke), L. cf. opalinum (Reinecke), L. comptum (Reinecke), and L. crassicostatum Rieber – see Figs 26, 27. Skrzypny Shale Formation: dark grey shales. They yielded: Calliphylloceras sp. cf. C. connectens (Zieten), Brasilia bradfordensis (Buckman), Graphoceras rudis (Buckman), and Bositra buchi (Roemer) – see Figs 19, 31, 34. Site 31: Krempachy, Kramnica (Fig. 1B: 31). Poor exposures in landslide south of the Kramnica klippe (west of Krempachy). Krempachy Marl Formation and Skrzypny Shale Formation, Czorsztyn Succession (see Birkenmajer, 1958 II, fig. 50; 1961; 1963a, pl. VII, fig. 1; pl. XII, fig. 3; 1979, fig. 34). Krempachy Marl Formation: spotty grey marly limstones and marls with: Ptychophylloceras chonomphalum (Vacek), ?Megalytoceras rubescens (Dumor- tier), Tmetoceras scissum (Benecke), T. kirki Westermann3 , T. sp. cf. T. tenue Wes- termann, Leioceras cf. opalinum (Reinecke), L. lineatum (Buckman), L. comptum (Reinecke), Ancolioceras opalinoides (Mayer) – see Figs. 18, 19, 26–28; moreover Belemnites sp. gr. B. exilis d’Orbigny, and Inoceramus sp. gr. I. fuscus Quenstedt. The above fauna indicates the presence of the Aalenian Leioceras opalinum Zone: Leioceras opalinum Subzone and the Tmetoceras scissum Subzone – as proposed

3 This is the first record from the Pieniny Klippen Belt of the Canadian Aalenian species. 20 R. MYCZYÑSKI by Cope et al. (1980) or the Leioceras opalinum (Leioceras comptum) Zone and the Leioceras bifidatum Zone – as proposed by Mouterde et al. (1971). The Skrzypny Shale Formation distinguished here by Birkenmajer (op. cit.), presently is not exposed.

Szaflary and Zaskale

Site 32: Szaflary, quarry (Fig. 1B: 32). Dark-grey shales of the Skrzypny Shale Formation, Czorsztyn Succession, exposed in an old quarry at Szaflary (see Birken- majer, 1958 II, figs 38, 39; 1963a, pl. VI, figs 1, 2; 1970b; 1979, figs 29, 31), yielded Bositra buchi (Roemer) only. Sites 33 & 34: Zaskale (Fig. 1B: 33, 34). These important fossiliferous sites of the “Opalinum marls” (Birkenmajer, 1963a; = Krempachy Marl Formation – Bir- kenmajer, 1977) and the “Murchisonae shales” (Birkenmajer, 1963a; = Skrzypny Shale Formation – Birkenmajer, 1977) of the Czorsztyn Succession (for location – see Birkenmajer, 1963a, 1970b) are presently poorly exposed. At site 33 (artificial trench at an old quarry), grey, slightly spotty marls and yellowish-grey marly shales of the Krempachy Marl Formation yielded Phyllo- ceras sp., Leioceras cf. opalinum (Reinecke), L. comptum (Reinecke) – see Figs 8: 1, 2 and 27, moreover Dumortieria cf. levesquei (d’Orbigny), D. cf. tabulata Buck- man, Pleydellia n. sp. aff. P. buckmani Maubeuge, Osperlioceras cf. reynesi (Mon- estier) – see Figs 8: 3, 23, 24. This fauna is indicative of Upper Toarcian and Lower Aalenian age of the marls: the Dumortieria levesquei Zone to the Leioceras opalinum Zone (as defined by Dean et al., 1961). Poorly exposed Skrzypny Shale Formation did not yield any stratigraphically important fossils. Site 34 (Fig. 7: right escarpment of the Skrzypny Stream – for location see Bir- kenmajer, 1963a; 1970b), corresponding to the site “Szaflary” of older authors (op. cit.), presently poorly exposes the Krempachy Marl Formation. A long list of me- gafossils (ammonites, belemnites, bivalves, brachiopods, crinoids etc.) determined i.a. by Pusch (1837), Zittel (1869), Neumayr (1871), Uhlig (1890) and Siemiradzki (1923), has been compiled by Birkenmajer (1963a). The present author was able to collect the following taxons only: Leioceras lineatum (Buckman), Dumortieria cf. radians (Reinecke) and Bositra buchi (Roemer). Taking into account the fossils determined by previous authors (see Birkenma- jer, 1963a), together with the newly found ones, the Krempachy Marl Formation at site 34 spans the geological time from Late Toarcian through Early Aalenian and, possibly, also Late Aalenian: the zones Dumortieria moorei (partly, D. pseudoradiosa – sensu Elmi et al., 1997); Pleydellia aalensis, Leioceras opalinum and Lud- wigia murchisonae, probably also (at least partly) Graphoceras concavum. The Skrzypny Shale Formation once exposed at site 34 yielded numerous ammonites of Middle and Late Aalenian and Early Bajocian ages: zones Ludwigia murchisonae, Graphoceras concavum and Hyperlioceras discites – see faunal list compiled by Birkenmajer (1963a). AMMONITE FAUNAS AND BIOSTRATIGRAPHY 21

W E

3 1

0 1 2 m

Fig. 7. Site 34: exposure at Zaskale, Czorsztyn Succession. 1 – weathering cover; 2, 3 – Krem- pachy Marl Formation (Upper Toarcian–Lower Aalenian); 2 – loose marl fragments with fauna; 3 – marls with ammonites in situ

RogoŸnik (Fig. 1B: 35) Site 35: RogoŸnik quarry. This site, protected as Monument of Nature, is known principally for its fossiliferous Tithonian–Berriasian limestones of the Czorsztyn Succession (see Uhlig, 1890; Birkenmajer, 1958 II; 1963a; 1977; Kutek & Wierzbowski, 1979). Strongly tectonized rocks of the Skrzypny Shale Formation and the Krempachy Marl Formation are poorly exposed in northern part of the quarry. The latter formation yielded ammonite specimens belonging to the genera Costileioceras Maubeuge, 1950, and Pleydellia Buckman, 1904, indicating a Late Toarcian and Early Aalenian age of the marls.

POLISH TATRA MTS: LITHOSTRATIGRAPHIC UNITS SAMPLED In the eastern part of the Polish Tatra Mts, Kopy So³tysie area (Fig. 8), new invertebrate faunas elaborated by the present author were collected from the Toarcian to Bajocian deposits of the Lower Subtatric Nappe (= the Bielskie Tatry partial nappe of Lefeld, 1999). The fossils were derived from the So³tysia Marlstone For- mation (Lefeld et al., 1985): (1) the Skalnite Marlstone Member (oldest); (2) the Podspad Marlstone Member; (3) the Podskalnia Shale Member; and (4) the £omy 22 R. MYCZYÑSKI

Fig. 8. A, B. Faunal sites in the Polish Tatra Mts. 1 – sites 36–39 (for site description see the text); 2 – mountain ridges; 3 – Polish/Slovak frontier

Limestone Member (youngest). The age of the formation, based on ammonites, was determined by Iwanow (1973) within the range: Lotharingian through Middle Ba- jocian.

Kopy So³tysie (Fig. 8)

Site 36: Filipczañski Stream I (Fig. 8: A; Fig. 9). West slope of the Filipczañski Stream valley, middle part (for location – see Iwanow, in Lefeld et al., 1985, fig. 21). So³tysia Marlstone Formation (Lower Subtatric Succession). The section is tectonically reversed. (4’) Unfossiliferous grey and grey-bluish silicified limestones with thin intercalations of grey marly shale and grey-brownish cherts occur at the base of the section. They probably represent an upper part of the £omy Limestone Member (sensu Iwanow, in Lefeld et al., 1985); (4) £omy Limestone Member: Grey-bluish, slightly spotty silicified limestones with grey shale intercalations. About 8 m above the base of the section, they yielded several specimens of Nannolytoceras tripartitum (Raspail) and one specimen of Cadomites (Polyplectites) sp. cf. C. (P.) dorni Roché. These ammonites indicate a Lower Bathonian age of the limestones, probably the Morphoceras parvum Zone of Mangold (1990). Total thickness of the £omy Limestone Member attains c. 110 m; (3) Podskalnia Shale Member: Dark-grey, nearly black marly shales with thin intercalations of dark-grey, slightly spotty limestones, some 80 m thick. They yielded (Fig. 9): Ludwigia aff. obtusiformis Buckman, L. (Pseudographoceras) AMMONITE FAUNAS AND BIOSTRATIGRAPHY 23

Fig. 9. Kopy So³tysie area, Polish Tatra Mts, faunal site 36 (Filipczañski Stream I). Lower Subtatric Succession, lithostratigraphic column of the So³tysia Marlstone Formation showing location of fauna. 1 – marls, limestones and shales; 2 – shales and marls; 3 – limestones; 4 – radiolarite and shale 24 R. MYCZYÑSKI

Fig. 10. Kopy So³tysie area, Polish Tatra Mts, faunal site 37 (Filipczañski Stream II). Lower Subtatric Succession, lithostratigraphic column of the So³tysia Marl Formation showing location of fauna. 1, 2 – marls, limestones and shales (1 – Skalnite Marlstone Member; 2 – Podspad Marlstone Member); 3 – shale; 4 – limestone; 5 – radiolarites and shales AMMONITE FAUNAS AND BIOSTRATIGRAPHY 25 umbilicata (Buckman), L. crassa (Horn), L. spp., Graphoceras concavum (Sow- erby), and G. aff. cornu (Buckman). This fauna is indicative of the Late Aalenian Ludwigia murchisonae and Graphoceras concavum zones; (2) Podspad Marlstone Member. Morphologically above the (3) unit, at western side of the section, comes a complex of dark-grey, slightly spotty limestones with intercalations of dark-grey marly shales, altogether some 20 m thick (its contact with the (3) unit is probably tectonic). Stratigraphically lower part of the unit yielded Dumortieria cf. flexicosta Ernst indicative of the Late Toarcian; stratigraphically uppermost part of the unit yielded Leioceras cf. opalinum (Reinecke) indicative of the Early Aalenian. Site 37: Filipczañski Stream II (Fig. 8: B; Fig. 10). The exposure is located some 350 m south of Site 36. So³tysia Marlstone Formation (Lower Subtatric Suc- cession). The section is tectonically reversed. The highest lithostratigraphic units are here represented by the Sokolica Radio- larite Formation and the £omy Limestone Member (So³tysia Marlstone Forma- tion), altogether over 200 m thick (see Fig. 10). Stratigraphically below the £omy Limestone Member there occur: (3) Podskalnia Shale Member. Dark-grey marls prevailing over dark-grey limestones, altogether 30 m thick. They yielded Bositra buchi (Roemer) only; (2) Podspad Marlstone Member. Unfossiliferous dark-grey slightly spotty limestones with intercalations of dark-grey marly shales, some 50 m thick, probably representing a lower part of this member; (1) Skalnite Marlstone Member. Dark-grey and grey-bluish limestones with intercalations of dark-grey marly shales (exposed at top and at slope of the Filip- czañski Przys³op pass). They yielded one specimen of Pleuroceras sp. (some 15 m below top of the section – see Fig. 10, lower part) indicating a Domerian age of the member.

Brzeziny (Sucha Woda valley – Fig. 8)

Site 38: Brzeziny I (Fig. 8: 38; Figs 11, 12). South of the Brzeziny hamlet, east of a bridge over the Sucha Woda valley/stream (tourist path), there is a belt of exposures of the So³tysia Marlstone Formation (Lower Subtatric Succession – see Bac- Moszaszwili et al., 1979). (38a) Koby³a Limestone Member (Upper Lotharingian–Lower Pliensbachian, after Iwanow – in Lefeld et al., 1985): tectonized, unfossiliferous dark-grey siliceous limestones with dark-grey marly shales. (38b) Skalnite Marlstone Member (Fig. 11). Exposure (30 m long, 8 m high) located some 400 m eastwards from site (38a), southern (right) side of the Sucha Woda stream. Tectonized, steeply dipping, fine and medium-bedded grey-bluish spotty limestones, weathered light-brownish, with thin intercalations of dark-grey marly shales. They yielded: Polyplectus discoides (Zieten), Pseudogrammoceras saemanni (Dumortier), and P. bingmanni (Denckmann) – Fig. 11B; and P. cf. bingmanni (Denckmann) and P. cf. latescens (Simpson) – Fig. 11A. 26 R. MYCZYÑSKI

Fig. 11. Kopy So³tysie area, Polish Tatra Mts, faunal site 38 (Brzeziny I). Exposure of the Skalnite Marlstone Member (So³tysia Marlstone Formation)

The above fauna indicates the Grammoceras thouarsense Zone of the Late Toarcian. (38c) Podspad Marlstone Member. Exposure (12 m long, 8 m high) located 150 m eastwards from exposure (38b), right slope of the Sucha Woda valley/stream. Unfossiliferous, grey-bluish, slightly spotty limestones with intercalations of dark-grey marly shales. (38d) Podskalnia Shale Member (Fig. 12). Exposure (40 m long, 4–7 m high), some 80 m eastwards of exposure (38c). Strongly tectonised strata, generally dipping due NW. Western part of the exposure (just above the stream bed): dark-grey, nearly black, shaly limestones with intercalations of marly shales, with Ludwigia aff. obtusiformis Buckman. Middle part of the exposure: dark-grey, thick-bedded marls with intercalations of shales (10–15 cm thick). Sonninia (Euhoploceras) cf. polyacantha (Waagen) was found here some 6 m above the tourist path.

Fig. 12. Kopy So³tysie area, Polish Tatra Mts, faunal site 38 (Brzeziny I). Exposure of the So³tysia Limestone Formation: A – Podskalnia Shale Member; B – Podspad Marlstone Member, upper part; 1–4 – faunal sites AMMONITE FAUNAS AND BIOSTRATIGRAPHY 27

Eastern part of the exposure: dark-brownish marly shales with dark-grey, thick- and medium-bedded shaly marl intercalations, with numerous Inoceramus spp., with fragmentarily preserved Ludwigia sp. The above fauna indicates an Aalenian–Early Bajocian age of the Podspad Marl Member. Site 39: Brzeziny II (Fig. 8: 39). Exposure (9 m long, 7 m high) situated above site (38d), Podskalnia Shale Member (So³tysia Marlstone Formation, Lower Subta- tric Succession). Strongly tectonized, dipping due NW, dark-grey-brownish marly shales with dark-grey marl intercalations. (39a) Upper part of the exposure: Ludwigia (Pseudographoceras) umbilicata (Buckman), and Graphoceras aff. cornu (Buckman). The first species ranges from the Ludwigia murchisonae Zone through topmost part of the Brasilia bradfordensis Zone of the Aalenian; the second species is known from the Graphoceras concavum Zone of the Aalenian. (39b) Lower part of the exposure: Fontannesia concentrica Buckman.

AMMONITE BIOSTRATIGRAPHY AND CORRELATIONS The following ammonite biostratigraphic standards have been used for age determination and interregional correlation of the Toarcian through Bajocian fossiliferous strata of the Pieniny Klippen Belt and the Tatra Mts: For the Toarcian stage (Tab. 1), the NW European (Dean et al., 1961; Howarth, 1980) and the Mediterranean (Elmi et al., 1997) standards, as compared with those already used in the Pieniny Klippen Belt (Andrusov, 1931, 1959; Birkenmajer, 1977); For the Aalenian stage (Tab. 2) – the European standard as proposed by Cresta (1999; a modified standard of Mouterde et al., 1971); For the Bajocian stage (Tab. 3) – the European standard as proposed by Rioult et al. (1997). For the Bathonian stage – the European standard as proposed by Mangold and Rioult (1997). For correlation with the Pacific realm – see Hillebrandt et al. (1992). The Toarcian and Early Dogger ammonite faunas of the Pieniny Klippen Belt and the Tatra Mountains here elaborated (Fig. 13) seem to have more in common with those of the NW Europe than the Mediterranean ones.

Pieniny Klippen Belt Pliensbachian. In the Pieniny Klippen Belt of Poland, the oldest fossiliferous Jurassic strata were recognized in the Pieniny Succession (at Zamkowa Mount and Szopka Pass, Pieniny Range), as the “spotty limestones” (informal unit – Birken- majer, 1977). Their invertebrate fauna, mainly ammonites and bivalves, elaborated by Horwitz (1936, 1937), and supplemented and revised in Birkenmajer and Myczyñski (1994), is indicative of the Pliensbachian stage. 28 R. MYCZYÑSKI

Table 1 Toarcian ammonite standard zones in Europe (Dean et al., 1961), Mediterranean ammonite zones (Elmi et al., 1997), and ammonite zones used so-far in the Pieniny Klippen Belt (Andrusov, 1931, 1959; Birkenmajer, 1963a, 1977)

S PIENINY S S EUROPEAN AMMONITE NW EUROPEAN AMMONITE ZONES E AND TATRY T U ZONES AND SUBZONES AND SUBZONES R SUCCESSIONS A B (after Dean, et al., 1961) (after Elmi et al., 1997) I (partly after G S E Andrusov,1931, E T S 1959) A G ZONES SUBZONES ZONES SUBZONES ZONES E (after Howarth, 1980) Pleydellia Dumortieria Pleydellia aalensis Pleydellia aalensis Pleydellia levesquei lugdunensis aalensis Pleydellia mactra Dumortieria Dumortieria Dumortieria Dumortieria moorei pseudoradiosa pseudoradiosa moorei Dumortieria levesquei Phlyseogrammoceras Gruneria gruneri E L dispansum A A Hammatoceras R T insigne Dumortieria L E Phlyseogrammoceras Pseudogrammoceras dispansum fallaciosum levesquei Y Hammatoceras bonarelii Esericeras T fascigerum Grammoceras Pseudogrammoceras Grammoceras O thouarsense struckmanni Grammoceras thouarsense A thouarsense

R Grammoceras C striatulum Pseudogrammoceras J I bingmanni U Haugia Haugia variabilis Haugia vitiosa Haugia A M variabilis variabilis R N I Haugia ilustris A D Haugia variabilis S D S L Hildoceras Zugodactylites Hildoceras Hildoceras bifrons E bifrons braunianus bifrons Hildoceras I Peronoceras bifrons C fibulatum Dactylioceras Hildoceras commune sublevisoni Harpoceras Harpoceras Harpoceras Harpoceras Harpoceras falcifer falciferum serpentinum falciferum falcifer Harpoceras exaratum Eleganticeras E elegantulum Dactylioceras Dactylioceras Dactylioceras Dactylioceras Dactylioceras A tenuicostatum semicelatum tenuicostatum semicelatum tenuicostatum R Dactylioceras L tenuicostatum Y Dactylioceras clevelandicum Protogrammoceras Paltarpites paltus paltum AMMONITE FAUNAS AND BIOSTRATIGRAPHY 29

Table 2 Aalenian ammonite standard zones in Europe (Cresta, 1999)

BAJOCIAN Stage Substage Standard European Zones Subzones Graphoceras formosum Graphoceras concavum Graphoceras concavum Late Brasilia gigantea Brasilia bradfordensis Brasilia bradfordensis AALENIAN Ludwigia murchisonae Middle Ludwigia murchisonae Ludwigia obtusiformis Ludwigia haugi Leioceras comptum Early Leioceras opalinum Leioceras opalinum TOARCIAN

Fig. 13. Share (%) of selected ammonite genera in Upper Toarcian–Aalenian deposits of the Pieniny Klippen Belt and the Tatra Mts (Lower Subtatric Succession) 30 R. MYCZYÑSKI

Table 3 Bajocian ammonite standard zones in Europe (Rioult et al., 1997)

Substage Ammonite zones Ammonite subzones Parkinsonia bomfordi Parkinsonia parkinsoni Parkinsonia densicosta Parkinsonia acris Garantiana tetragona LATE Garantiana garantiana Garntina subgaranti BAJOCIAN Pseudograntiana dichotoma Garantiana baculata Strenoceras niortense Caumontisphinctes polygyralis Teloceras banksi Teloceras blagdeni Stephanoceras humphriesianum Stephanoceras humphriesianum Dorsetensia romani Dorsetensia hebridica Sonninia propinquans Sonninia patella

EARLY Witchellia laeviuscula BAJOCIAN Witchellia laeviuscula Shirbuirnia trigonalis Euhoploceras ovalis (Hyperlioceras diminans) Hyperlioceras subsectum Hyperlioceras discites Hyperlioceras walkeri

(Euhoploceras acanthodes)

Early-Middle Toarcian. In the Polish part of the Pieniny Klippen Belt, there is a lack of ammonites which could indicate the Early-Middle Toarcian age of the deposits. Late Toarcian–Middle Aalenian. These stages are represented in the Krem- pachy Marl Formation which is typically developed in the Czorsztyn Succession but also occurs in the Czertezik-, Niedzica- and the Branisko successions (Birken- majer, 1977)4. Five standard ammonite zones have been recognized (see Tab. 1: Elmi et al., 1997; Tabs 2, 4): the Late Toarcian Phlyseogrammoceras dispansum, Dumortieria pseudoradiosa and Pleydellia aalenesis zones; the Early-Middle Aalenian Leioceras opalinum and Ludwigia murchisonae zones.

4 Analogous rocks have locally been found in the Magura Succession (Grajcarek Unit) of the Pieniny Klippen Belt near Jaworki (Birkenmajer & Myczyñski, 1977). AMMONITE FAUNAS AND BIOSTRATIGRAPHY 31

Table 4 Occurrence of ammonite species in Upper Liassic and Lower Dogger deposits of the Pieniny Klippen Belt and the Tatra Mts (Lower Subtatric Succession) in Poland

Ammonite zones Pieniny Tatra Stage Substage Mediterranean Klippen NW Europe Mts Province Belt Stephanoceras Stephanoceras humphriesianum humphriesianum

Bajocian Early Sonninia propinquans Sonninia propinquans Witchellia laeviuscula Witchellia laeviuscula Hyperlioceras discites Hyperlioceras discites Graphoceras Late Graphoceras concavum concavum Aalenian Ludwigia Middle Ludwigia murchisonae murchisonae Early Leioceras opalinum Leioceras opalinum Pleydellia aalensis Pleydellia aalensis Dumortieria Hammatoceras pseudoradiosa meneghinii Toarcian Late Phlyseogrammoceras Hammatoceras ? dispansum speciosum Hammatoceras Grammoceras bonarellii thouarsense

Middle Aalenian–Early Bajocian. These stages are represented in the Skrzypny Shale Formation which is developed in all Klippen successions, and best exposed in the Czorsztyn-, the Niedzica- and the Branisko successions. The following amonite zones have been recognized (Tab. 1: Elmi et al., 1997; Tabs 2–4): the Middle Aalenian Ludwigia murchisonae Zone; the Late Aalenian Graphoceras concavum Zone. Early Bajocian. This stage is faunistically best represented in the Harcygrund Shale Formation and the Podzamcze Limestone Formation of the Branisko and the Pieniny successions (see Horwitz, 1936, 1937, 1963; Myczyñski, 1973; Birkenma- jer, 1977; Birkenmajer & Myczyñski, 2000). The following ammonite zones have been recognized (Tab. 4): In the Harcygrund Shale Formation: the Hyperlioceras discites Zone, the Witchellia laeviuscula Zone, and the Sonninia propinquans Zone. In the Podzamcze Limestone Formation: Stephanoceras humphriesianum Zone (with the Dorsetensia romani Subzone). 32 R. MYCZYÑSKI

Tatra Mts (Lower Subtatric Succession) Sinemurian. From the oldest part of the So³tysia Marlstone Formation – the P³aœnia Limestone Member (sensu Lefeld et al., 1985) come two Late Sinemurian taxons: Echioceras raricostatum (Zieten) and Paltechioceras boehmi (Haug) (see Iwanow, 1973; Wieczorek, 1984; Iwanow – in Lefeld et al., 1985). Early-Middle Toarcian. Ammonite fauna from the Early-Middle Toarcian deposits of the So³tysia Marlstone Formation has been published by Iwanow (1973). Here is attributed one specimen of Pleuroceras sp. found by the present author in the Skalnite Marlstone Member of this formation at site 37 (Filipczañski Stream II). From the Lower Subtatric Succession of the Tatra Mts (Polish and Slovak parts), ammonites of this age were recorded by Iwanow (1973) and Wieczorek (1984). Iwanow (1973) listed the following ammonites: ?Tiltoniceras cf. capillatum, Har- poceras cf. exaratum, H. falcifer, Hildoceras bifrons and Dactylioceras sp. My- czyñski and Lefeld (2003) recorded ammonites of the Middle (Hildoceras bifrons Zone) – Late Toarcian age from the Kliny Limestone Member, Huciska Limestone Formation. New ammonite faunas of this age from the Dolina Koœcieliska valley area (Polish Tatra Mts, western part) and the Kopy So³tysie area (Polish Tatra Mts, eastern part) are being under determination by R. Myczyñski and J. Lefeld. Late Toarcian–Early Aalenian (Tabs 4, 5). The Late Toarcian Grammoceras thouarsense Zone has been recognized in the Skalnite Marlstone Member (So³tysia Marlstone Formation) at site 38b (Brzeziny I). In the Podspad Marlstone Member of this formation, at site 37 (Filipczañski Stream II), have been recognized: the Late Aalenian Pleydellia aalensis Zone, and the Early Aalenian Leioceras opalinum Zone. Middle Aalenian–Early Bajocian (Tabs 4, 5). In the Podskalnia Shale Mem- ber (So³tysia Marlstone Formation), the following ammonite zones have been distinguished: the Ludwigia murchisonae Zone (Middle Aalenian), the Graphoceras concavum Zone (Late Aalenian), and the Early Bajocian “Sonninia sowerbyi Zone” (presently: the Hyperlioceras discites and the Witchellia laeviuscula zones after Rioult et al., 1997). The youngest ammonite fauna collected from the Podskal- nia Shale Member most probably belongs to the Hyperlioceras discites Zone. Early Bajocian–Early Bathonian. These stages are represented by the £omy Limestone Member (So³tysia Marlstone Formation). Bradfordia cf. costata (Roe- mer) indicates the presence of the Early Bajocian Sonninia propinquans Zone (Iwanow, 1973). Ammonites Nannolytoceras tripartitum (Raspail) and Cadomites (Polyplectites) sp. cf. C. (P.) dorni Roché (this paper) – indicate the highest Bajo- cian or Early Bathonian stages. Pieniny KlippenBelt(PKB): KMF –KrempachyMarlFm.;SSFSkrzypnyShale HSF–HarcygrundShaleFm.;PLFPodzamczeLimestone Fm. Subtatric Succession: KLF–KlinyLimestone Fm.(afterMyczyñski&Lefeld, 2003);£LM–£omyLimestone Mbr;PMM–Podspad MarlstoneMbr;PSM–Podskalnia ShaleMbr

KMF SSF HSF PLF PKB U

Fauna n i So³tysia Marlstone Formation t TM PMM PSM £LM

Cenoceras (Cenoceras) sp. nov. aff. C. (C.) striatum (Sowerby) Calliphylloceras connectens (Zittel) Calliphylloceras sp. cf. C. nilssoni (Hêbert) Holcophylloceras ultramontanum (Zittel) Holcophylloceras sp. cf. Holcophylloceras ultramontanum (Zittel) Ptychophylloceras tatricum (Pusch) Ptychophylloceras chonomphalum (Vacek) Lytoceras sp. Pachylytoceras aff. dilucidum (Oppel) Megalytoceras (?) rubescens (Dumortier) Megalytoceras sp. cf. Megalytoceras (?) rubescens (Dumortier) Nannolytoceras tripartitum (Raspail) Polyplectus discoides (Zieten) Pseudogrammoceras saemanni (Dumortier) Upper Pseudogrammoceras bingmanni (Denckmann) Toarcian Pseudogrammoceras cf. bingmanni (Denckmann) G. thouar- Pseudogrammoceras cf. latescens (Simpson) sense Zone

Dumortieria cf. levesquei (d' Orbigny) Stratigraphic rangesoftheLate Dumortieria cf. flexicosta Ernst Dumortieria cf. tabulata Buckman Dumortieria cf. radians (Reinecke) Dumortieria cf. radiosa (Seebach) Dumortieria (?) sp. Pleydellia aalensis (Zieten) Pleydellia subcompta (Branco) Pleydellia n. sp. aff. Pleydellia buckmani Maubeuge Pleydellia (Walkericeras ) lugdunensis Elmi et Relleau Pleydellia sp. cf. P. (W.) lugdunensis Elmi et Relleau Pleydellia cf. fluens Buckman Pleydellia sp. cf. Pleydellia fluitans (Dumortier) Tmetoceras scissum (Benecke) Tmetoceras kirki Westermann Tmetoceras sp. cf. T. tenue Westermann Tmetoceras sp. Leioceras opalinum (Reinecke) Leioceras cf. opalinum (Reinecke) T oarcian throughBajocianammonites Leioceras lineatum (Buckman) Leioceras comptum (Reinecke) Leioceras crassicostatum Rieber) Costileioceras costosum (Quenstedt) Ancoliceras opalinoides (Mayer) Ludwigia cf. murchisonae (Sowerby) Ludwigia crassa (Horn) Ludwigia aff. obtusiformis Buckman Ludwigia (Pseudographoceras) umbilicata (Buckman) Ludwigia sp. Brasilia bradfordensis (Buckman) Brasilia cf. baylei Buckman Brasilia similis Buckman Brasilia? cf. tutcheri (Buckman) Brasilia cf. eschense Maubeuge Graphoceras concavum (Sowerby Graphoceras decorum Buckman Graphoceras rudis (Buckman) Graphoceras cornu (Buckman) Graphoceras aff. cornu (Buckman) Graphoceras cf. limitatum Buckman Planammatoceras planinsigne (Vacek) Pseudaptetoceras gr. klimakomphalum (Vacek) Osperlioceras cf. reynesi (Monestier) Osperlioceras alternans (Monstier) Fontannesia concentrica Buckman Sonninia (Euhoploceras) cf. polyacantha (Waagen) Dorsetensia romani (Oppel) Dorsetensia sp. cf .D. hannoverana (Hiltermann) Dorsetensia sp. cf. D. edouardiana (Orbigny) Dorsetensia sp. Emileia (Emileia) cf. brocchi Sowerby Emileia (Emileia) cf. polyschides (Waagen) Pleuroceras sp. cf. P. solare (Phillips) - ( Domerian) Skirroceras sp. cf. Skirroceras macrum (Quenstedt) Cadomites (Polyplectites) sp. cf. Cadomites (P.) dorni Roché

T Inoceramus (Mytiloceramus) aff. polyplocus Roemer atra Mts(TM),Lower Bositra buchi (Roemer) S W S D . A . L. murchisonae . B

h . L. opalinum

P G p

P G H l P p u . Z . a S r m .

. s . Z

b . m o

a e

. .

c p

d g r p a v z n u o p m o a a u i a i l i i i s r g e u n h n r d d o r n i k c n z s g c a r q o f o r i o i i e a s c a n t e u n e t r n e r g e i u v s r t a s a s s d n i u s i u l d a i n o a e a s t s m n i s n e n n o e a i s u s i a m s S E

T B u A T O S A R b a T A able 5 t L H n a s R Y t O g d C AALENIAN BAJOCIAN a N e I

g A I

A N e N AMMONITE FAUNAS AND BIOSTRATIGRAPHY 33

SYSTEMATIC DESCRIPTION

General remarks The Toarcian through Early Bajocian ammonite and bivalve faunal collection dealt with in the present paper includes about 150 specimens, 70 out of which, better preserved ones, were specifically determinable.

Ammonite shell measurements (see Fig. 14A) are given in mm, and include: D – maximum diameter; H – whorl height; E – whorl width; O – umbilical width; H/D – whorl height/shell diameter (%); H/E – whorl height/whorl width (%); O/D – umbilical diameter/shell diameter (%); R – number of primaries on last whorl; R/2 – number of primaries on half of last whorl; r – number of secondaries on last whorl; r/2 number of secondaries on half of last whorl; No – specimen number. Bivalve shell measurements (see Fig. 14B) are given in mm, and include: H – height; L – length; D – distance from anterior extremity to umbo (umbonal distance); DL – umbonal distance/length ratio; I – inflation of left valve); H/L – height/length ratio; D/L – umbonal distance/length ratio; UA – umbonal angle; AA – axial angle.

Fig. 14. A – ammonite shell measurements (adapted from Fernández-López, 1985); B – bivalve shell measurements (adapted from Sha et al., 1998)

NAUTILOIDEA

Family Nautilidae d’Orbigny, 1840 Genus Cenoceras Hyatt, 1883

The genus Cenoceras includes nautiloids with involute, ornamented or smooth shell, with trapezoidal cross-section of whorls; ventral and lateral sides are slightly convex; siphon is located close to centre; ventral and lateral lobes are marked in lobe line.

Subgenus Cenoceras Hyatt, 1884

Cenoceras (Cenoceras) sp. nov. aff. Cenoceras (C.) striatum (Sowerby, 1817) (Figs 15; 16: 1, 4) Material: One specimen, preserved as pyritized internal mould (Kp-1). 34 R. MYCZYÑSKI

Fig. 15. Cenoceras (Cenoceras) sp. nov. aff. C. (C.) striatum (Sowerby). Lower fig. – whorl cross-section showing siphon position; middle fig. – suture at 47 mm shell diameter; upper fig. – suture at 57 mm shell diameter

Dimensions:

No D (mm) H (mm) E (mm) O (mm) H/D (%) E/D (%) O/D (%) Kp-1 68.5 39 52 7.5 56 76 11

Description: Shell involute, with subtrapezoidal cross-section, with rounded sides (Fig. 15). Shell width greatest in its lower part. Venter slightly flattened, particularly at early whorls. Umbilical margin rounded. Umblilical wall oblique. Umbilicus small, rather deep. Siphon located centrally in mid-height of whorl. Lobe line poorly differentiated, well expressed (12 times at half of the last whorl), consisting of gentle ventral and lateral lobes. Both lobes are more accentuated at early whorls, becoming less differentiated with increase of the shell diameter (see Fig. 15). Remarks: Our specimen probably represents a new species of the genus Cenoceras Hyatt, 1883. It resembles to some extent the species Cenoceras striatum (Sowerby, 1817) from the Pliensbachian Uptonia jamesoni Zone of the Tatra Mts as described and illustrated by Rakús (1964, p. 95, pl. XVI, figs 1, 2). The similarity refers both to the general shape of the shell, its cross-section and ventral flattening, to siphon AMMONITE FAUNAS AND BIOSTRATIGRAPHY 35

Fig. 16. Nautiloids and ammonites of the Skrzypny Shale Formation, Pieniny Klippen Belt. Natural size. 1, 2 – Cenoceras (Cenoceras) sp. nov. aff. C. (C.) striatum (Sowerby) [Kp-1, site 16]; 3 – Ptychophylloceras tatricum (Pusch) [Mc-5/40, site 16]; 4, 5 – Ptychophylloceras chonomphalum (Vacek) [Mc-5/27, site 7] 36 R. MYCZYÑSKI location, and character of lobe line. Our specimen from the Pieniny Klippen Belt shows decidedly wider whorls and considerably wider umbilicus. By its cross-section of whorls and umbilicus location, our specimen resembles also the species Cenoceras sturi (Hauer, 1856) – see Kummel (1956, fig. 8P), al- though it differs from the latter in having slightly different lobe line and whorl heights. From Cenoceras lineatus (Sowerby, 1813) described by Scheibner (1964, p. 34, pl. I, figs 1a-c. text-fig. 4), derived from the Skrzypny Shale Formation, Pieniny Klippen Belt of East Slovakia, our specimen strongly differs in whorl cross-section and character of lobe line. Scheibner’s specimen shows sub-rectangular whorl cross-section, its ventral side is considerably flattened, and its lobe line shows deeper embayments. Occurrence: The species Cenoceras striatum (Sowerby, 1817) and C. sturi (Hauer, 1856) were described from Early Jurassic of Europe. Our specimen derived from the Middle Aalenian Ludwigia murchisonae Zone, Skrzypny Shale Formation, Niedzica Succession at site 14.

AMMONOIDEA The classification of Ammonoidea used in this paper follows those of Arkell (1950) and Arkell et al. (1957).

Order Ammonoidea Zittel, 1884 Suborder Phylloceratina Arkell, 1950 Superfamily Phylloceratinae Zittel, 1884 Family Phylloceratidae Zittel, 1884 Subfamily Calliphylloceratinae Spath, 1927 Genus Calliphylloceras Spath, 1927

The genus Calliphylloceras was created by Spath (1927), with the type species Phylloceras disputabile Zittel, 1868. Here belong Early and Middle Jurassic ammonites with discoidal, flattened, narrow involute shells. Thin striation pattern radiating from the umbilicus occurs on shell’s surface. Numerous wavy constrictions are marked on shell moulds. First and second lateral lobes are tripartite, the remaining ones are bipartite.

Calliphylloceras connectens (Zittel, 1869) (Figs 17: 3, 5, 6; 18: 6–9; 19: 1–3) Type species: Phylloceras connectens Zittel (1869, pp. 67-68, pl. I, fig. 7)

Stratum typicum and locus typicus: Aalenian, Skrzypny Shale Formation (Czorsztyn Succession), Pieniny Klippen Belt, Zaskale near Szaflary, Poland (see Birkenmajer, 1963a, 1977)

Diagnosis: Shell discoidal, flattened, high, venter flattened, umbilicus narrow. High-oval cross- section of whorls. Rather weak sigmoidal constrictions, 8–13 per whorl, marked on flattened lateral sides of whorls. Lobe line present: the first lateral lobe tripartite, the second one tri- or bipartite, the remaining ones – bipartite AMMONITE FAUNAS AND BIOSTRATIGRAPHY 37

1869 Phylloceras connectens Zittel; Zittel, pp. 67-68, pl. 1, figs 7-10 1871 Phylloceras connectens Zittel; Neumayr, p. 331, pl. 14, fig. 6 1923 Phylloceras connectens Zittel; Siemiradzki, pp. 28-29, pl. V, figs 4, 8, 10 1964 Calliphylloceras connectens (Zittel); Scheibner, p. 35, pl. 1, fig. 2; pl. III, figs 1, 3; pl. VI, figs 4, 6; text-figs 5-13 1967 Calliphylloceras connectens (Zittel); Géczy, p. 43, pl. XIII, fig. 1; pl. LXIV, fig. 2; with synonymy 1998 Calliphylloceras connectens (Zittel); Rulleau, p. 30, pl. 6, fig. 1 Material: Ten specimens – Mc-1/46; Mc-3/27; Mc-12/27 (flattened); Mc-15/27; Mc-16/27; Mc-17/27; Mc-2/28; Mc-4/28; Mc-9/40 (flattened); CS-5/2; four whorl fragments – CS-5/13; CS-5/14; CS-5/15; CS-5/16. Dimensions:

No D (mm) H (mm) E (mm) O (mm) H/D (%) E/D (%) O/D (%) Mc-3/27 33 19.5 12 1.2 59 42 3.6 Mc-12/27 53 30 ? 17 1 56 ? 32 1.8 Mc15/27 34 19 12 1.5 55 35 4 Mc-16/27 44 25 8 1 56 18 2 Mc-17/27 32 17 10 1 53 31 3 Mc-3/28 14 8 6 0.5 58 42 3 Mc-4/28 18 10 6 0.5 58 33 2 Mc-9/40 48 27 ? 15 1 56 ? 31 2.0 Mc-1/46 60 35 ? 24 – 58 ? 40 – CS-5/2 46 27 – 1.5 58 – 3.2 Holotype (in Zittel, 60 32 3 1869)

Description: Shell involute, discoidal, with strongly flattened flanks, very narrow umbilicus, and rounded venter. High-oval cross-section of whorls. Numerous sigmoidal constrictions visible on internal moulds, 8–13 per whorl (see Scheibner, 1964). Constrictions bend forward near ventral margin. Small rolls atached to constrictions. Lobe line consisting of nine lobes: the first lobe is tripartite, the remaining ones – bipartite. Remarks: Our specimens are consistent with figures and descriptions of Calliphy- llocears connectens (Zittel) as cited in the synonymy. Slightly thicker shell of specimen Mc-3/27 is within specific variation. From morphologically close species Calliphylloceras heterophyllum (Sowerby) and C. trifoliatum (Neumayr), our specimens differ in shape of whorl cross-section and number and shape of constrictions. Occurrence: In the Pieniny Klippen Belt of Poland, Calliphylloceras connectens (Zittel) occurs in the Krempachy Marl Formation (Domerian–Late Aalenian 38 R. MYCZYÑSKI

Fig. 17. Ammonites of the Skrzypny Shale Formation, Pieniny Klippen Belt. Natural size. 1 – Ptychophylloceras tatricum (Pusch) [Mc-1/27, site 7]; 2, 4, 7 – Ptychophylloceras chonomphalum (Vacek) [2 – Mc-3/40, site 16; 4, 7 – Mc-4/27, site 7]; 3, 5, 6 – Calliphylloceras connectens (Zittel) [3 – Mc-3/27, site 7; 5 – Mc-9/40, site 7; 6 – Mc-12/27, site 7] AMMONITE FAUNAS AND BIOSTRATIGRAPHY 39 after Birkenmajer, 1977) and the Skrzypny Shale Formation (Late Aalenian–Mid- dle Bajocian after Birkenmajer, 1977).

Specimens Mc-3/27; Mc-12/27; Mc-15/27; Mc-16/27; Mc-17/27 and Mc-2/28 were collected from the Skrzypne Shale Formation, Niedzica Succession, at site 7. Specimens Mc-1/46 and D/1/96/18 come from the Krempachy Marl Formation, Czertezik Succession, at site 21. Specimen Mc-9/40 was collected from the Skrzypny Shale Formation, Czorsztyn Succession, exposed at the entrance to the Homole Gorge.

Calliphylloceras connectens (Zittel) is also known from the Aalenian beds at Litmanova, Pieniny Klippen Belt in East Slovakia (Scheibner, 1964), moreover from Late Aalenian–Early Bajocian strata of Hungary (Prinz, 1904; Géczy, 1967, p. 43: at Csernye), and from correspondig strata in Italy (op. cit.).

Calliphylloceras sp. cf. C. nilssoni (Hébert, 1866) Type species: Anmmonites nilssoni Hébert, 1866 Material: Three poorly preserved specimens: D/I/96/11; Mc-4/87/18; KrP-7. Dimensions:

No D (mm) H (mm) E (mm) O (mm) H/D (%) E/D (%) O/D (%) D/1/96/11 37 20.5 – 3 55 – 8 4/87/18 27 14 6 (?) 2 52 22 (?) 7 KrP-7 c. 50 26 17 4 52 (?) 34 (?) 8 (?)

Description and remarks: Whorls involute, with faintly convex flanks. Flattened- oval cross-section of whorls. Constrictions weak, slightly curved, or invisible – as in specimen KrP-7 (specimen Mc-4/87/18 is flattened, showing well marked constrictions). Umbilical wall nearly vertical. Umbilical margin rounded. Umbi- licus rather narrow, deep. Lobe line very poorly preserved (specimen Mc-4/87/18). Poor state of preservation of the specimens makes it difficult to determine their taxonomic position. Their possible attribution to Calliphylloceras nilssoni (Hébert, 1866) is suggested by gently convex whorl flanks, rather narrow umbilicus and faintly curved constrictions: cf. Vacek (1886, p. 10, pl. IV, figs 1-7), Siemiradzki (1923, p. 29, pl. 5, figs 6, 7), Zanzucchi (1963, p. 110, pl. 13, figs 7, 12), Rakús (1964, p. 102, pl. 17, figs 5, 7) and Rulleau (1998, p. 27, pl. 4, figs 1a,b, 2a, b). Occurrence: Specimen D/1/96/11 was found in the Krempachy Marl Formation, Czertezik Succession, at site 21. Specimen Mc-4/87/18 comes from the Krempachy Marl Formation, Czorsztyn Succession, at site 4. Specimen KrP-7 comes from the Krempachy Marl Formation, Czorsztyn Succession, at site 30. 40 R. MYCZYÑSKI AMMONITE FAUNAS AND BIOSTRATIGRAPHY 41

Besides the Pieniny Klippen Belt of Poland, where it occurs in the Krempachy Marl Formation (Domerian–Upper Aalenian – Birkenmajer, 1977; previously “Opalinum marls” – Birkenmajer, 1963a), Calliphylloceras nilssoni (Hébert) is known from the Late Toarcian (Rakús, 1964) and Aalenian (Siemiradzki, 1923) stages. Rulleau (1998) reports this species from the Late Toarcian Bifrons Zone of the Lyon area (France).

Genus Holcophylloceras Spath, 1927

Genus created by Spath (1927), belonging to the Calliphylloceratinae subfamily, characterized by deep, sigmoidally curved constrictions and by presence of riblets at venter. Lobe line shows bipartition of lobes Type species Phylloceras zignodianum d’Orbigny, whose younger synonym is Phylloceras mediterraneum Neumayr.

Holcophylloceras ultramontanum (Zittel, 1869) (Fig. 19: 4–6) Type species: Phylloceras ultramontanum Zittel (1869, p. 66, fig. 4)

Stratum typicum and locus typicus: Krempachy Marl Formation (Toarcian–Aalenian after Birkenmajer, 1977; “Opalinum marls” after Birkenmajer, 1963a), moreover Skrzypny Shale Forma- tion (Aalenian–Early Bajocian after Birkenmajer, 1977; “Murchisonae shales” after Birkenmajer, 1963a), Czorsztyn Succession, Pieniny Klippen Belt (Poland) Diagnosis: Shell involute, with flat flanks. Four constrictions per whorl visible on shell flanks. Constrictions bent in 2/3 whorl height, forming a kind of linguoidal lappet. Rolls occur near ventral margin. First three lobes of lobe-line are bipartite, the remaining ones are single.

1869 Phylloceras ultramontanum Zittel; Zittel, p. 66, figs 4-6 1871 Phylloceras ultramontanum Zittel; Neumayr, p. 338 1886 Phylloceras ultramontanum Zittel; Vacek, p. 65, pl.V, figs 15-20 1967 Holcophylloceras ultramontanum (Zittel); Géczy, p. 49, pl. XIV, figs 1-3; pl. LXIV, figs 11, 12; with synonymy 1998 Holcophylloceras ultramontanum (Zittel); Rulleau, p. 33, pl. 8, fig. 3 Material: Ten specimens – Mc-2/30; Mc-2/50; Mc-3/50; Mc-1/53; D/I/96/18; WS-1; ZN-4; ZN-5; KB-78.

Fig. 18. Ammonites of the Krempachy Marl Formation (4) and the Skrzypny Shale Formation (3, 5–9), Pieniny Klippen Belt, and the Podskalnia Shale Member, So³tysia Marlstone Formation (1, 2), Tatra Mts. 1, 4, 5 – Ptychophylloceras tatricum (Pusch) [1 – Br-12, site 38d, × 0.7; 4 – Mc-1/30, site 25, × 1.5; 5 – Mc-1/40, site 16, × 1]; 2 – Ludwigia sp., × 0.7 [Br-12a, site 38d]; 3 – Ptychophylloceras chonomphalum (Vacek), × 1 [Mc-28/27, site 7]; 6–9 – Calliphylloceras connectens (Zittel), × 1 [site 7: 6 – Mc-3/28; 7, 8 – Mc-4/28; 9 – Mc-17/27] 42 R. MYCZYÑSKI

Dimensions:

No D (mm) H (mm) E (mm) O (mm) H/D (%) E/D (%) O/D (%) Mc-2/30 28 14 2 – 50 – 7 Mc-2/50 51 27 5.6 – 53 – 10.9 Mc-3/50 28 16 3 – 57 – 10.7 Mc-1/53 111 – – – – – – D/1/96/18 c. 34 20.5 – – 60 (?) – – D/1/87/10a 15 8 1.5 – 53 – 10 WS-1 53 29 – 2.5 54 – 4 ZN-4 42 25 2.5 – 59 – 5.9 ZN-5 c. 67 28 6 20 – – – KB-78 42 ? 23 – – – – – Holotype 50 45 25 9

Description: Shells involute, with strongly flattened flanks. Well marked constrictions visible at whorl flank; they are slightly inclined forward and bent in 2/3 of whorl height. Faint, slightly wavy riblets, resembling growth striae, occur at whorl flanks. They become stronger near ventral margin and continue at rounded venter. Constrictions recognizable also at venter; from shell ventral margin they are delimited by small rolls. Lobe line not preserved. Remarks: Taxonomic features of the described specimens correspond to those of the holotype, and of the specimens cited in the synonymy. Our specimens show the presence of constrictions and elongated bends at venter, moreover small rolls at ventro-lateral margin, that are typical for the species Holcophylloceras ultramontanum (Zittel). Therefore, their attribution to this species is justified in spite of poor preservation of some specimens. Occurrence: Specimens Mc-2/50 and Mc-3/50 come from the Krempachy Marl Formation, Czorsztyn Succession, at site 1a. Specimens Mc-1/53, ZN-4 and ZN-5 derived from the Skrzypny Shale Formation, Branisko Succession, at site 25. Specimens D/1/87/10a, D/1/96/18 and KB-78 derived from the Krempachy Marl Formation, Czertezik Succession, at site 21.

Fig. 19. Ammonites of the Krempachy Marl Formation (4, 6), Skrzypny Shale Formation, and the Harcygrund Shale Formation (resp. Podzamcze Limestone Fm.: 5), Pieniny Klippen Belt. 1–3 – Calliphylloceras connectens (Zittel), × 1 [site 7: 1, 2 – Mc-16/27; 3 – Mc-15/27]; 4–6 – Holcophyllo- ceras ultramontanum (Zittel) [4 – Mc-2/50,×x 1.5, site 1a; 5 – WS-1, × 1, site 22; 6 – D/1/96/18, × 1, site 21]; 7 – Ptychophylloceras chonomphalum (Vacek), × 1 [Mc-1/29, site 22]; 8 – ?Megalytoceras rubescens (Dumortier), × 1 [ZN-14, site 25] AMMONITE FAUNAS AND BIOSTRATIGRAPHY 43 44 R. MYCZYÑSKI

Specimen Mc-2/30 derived from the Skrzypny Shale Formation, Branisko Succession, at site 23. Specimen WS-1 was found together with Dorsetensia romani (Oppel) (WS-2) and D. sp. cf. edouardiana (d’Orbigny) (WS-3; WS-5), in dark-grey shales of the Pieniny Succession (Harcygrund Shale Formation of the present author; Podzamcze Limestone Formation in Prof. K. Birkenmajer’s opinion, 2004), at site 22 (Early Bajocian Romani Zone).

Holcophylloceras sp. cf. H. ultramontanum (Zittel, 1869) Material: Three whorl fragments – ZN-3 (H = c. 40 mm); Kp-12 (H = c. 35 mm); Kp-33 (H = 17; E = 22). Description and remarks: Fragmental preservation of the specimens precludes their exact specific determination. Such features of the shell as characteristic constrictions, linguoidal lappets at venter, small rolls on ventro-lateral margin, and characteristic striation on shell surface, indicate that they represent the genus Holcophylloceras Spath, 1927, possibly belonging to the species H. ultramontanum (Zittel, 1869). Occurrence: Specimen ZN-3 comes from the Skrzypny Shale Formation, Branisko Succession, at site 25; Specimens Kp-12, Kp-33 come from the Skrzypny Shale Formation, Czorsztyn Succession, at site 17.

Subfamily Ptychophylloceratinae Collignon, 1937 Genus Ptychophylloceras Spath, 1927

The genus was created by Spath (1927), with Phylloceras feddeni Waagen, 1875, as the type species. Ptychophylloceratids have narrow involute shells with rounded ventral side; regularly occurring constrictions and associated small rolls are visible on moulds; lobe line with bi- and tripartite lobes. The genus Ptychophylloceras is known from Bajocian through Tithonian.

Ptychophylloceras tatricum (Pusch, 1837) (Figs 16: 3; 17: 1; 18: 1, 4, 5) Type species: Ammonites tatricus Pusch (1837, p. 158, pl. 13, fig. 11a, b)

Stratum typicum and locus typicus: Zaskale near Szaflary, Pieniny Klippen Belt (Poland); Krempachy Marl Formation and Skrzypny Shale Formation (see Birkenmajer, 1963, 1977) Diagnosis: Shell involute, massive, thick, with broadly rounded venter crossed by 6 to 9 periodic rib-like flares. Whorl section ovalate, higher than broad. Shell surface covered by fine striae.

1837 Ammonites tatricus Pusch; Pusch, p. 158, pl. 13, fig. 11a, b 1869 Phylloceras tatricum Pusch; Zittel, pp. 61-62, pl. 1, figs 1-3 1871 Phylloceras tatricum Pusch; Neumayr, p. 322, pl. 16, fig. 2 1886 Phylloceras tatricum Pusch; Vacek, p. 68, pl. 5, figs 1-6 1923 Phylloceras tatricum Pusch; Siemiradzki, p. 28, pl. 5, figs 3, 12, 13 1938 Calliphylloceras (Ptychophylloceras) tatricum (Pusch); Roman, p. 19 1964 Ptychophylloceras tatricum (Pusch); Scheibner, p. 40, pl. 2, figs 1-4; pl. 3, fig. 2; pl. 6, figs 3, 9a, b; text-figs 13-23 1973 Ptychopylloceras tatricum (Pusch); Myczyñski, p. 61, pl. 1, fig. 4 1996 Tatrophylloceras tatricum (Pusch); Topchishvili, p. 124 AMMONITE FAUNAS AND BIOSTRATIGRAPHY 45

1998 Ptychophylloceras tatricum (Pusch); Rulleau, p. 33, fig. 5 (10, 11); pl. 4, fig. 7; pl. 8, figs 1, 5, 6; with synonymy Material: Twenty three, mostly pyritized specimens – Mc-3/3; Mc-1/40; Mc-2/40; Mc-5/40; Mc-6/40 (H = 31 mm); Mc-1/47; Mc-1/27; Mc-6/27; Mc-7/27; Mc-8/27; Mc-1/28; Mc-2/28; Mc-4/28; Mc-5/28; Mc-6/30 (H = 29 mm; E = c. 20 mm); KB-14; KB-64a (H = 35 mm; E = 33 mm); KB-68 (D = c. 51 mm); KB-77 (D = c. 37; H = 19); ZN-1; ZN-8; ZN-15 (r = 12); Br-12. Dimensions:

No D (mm) H (mm) E (mm) O (mm) H/D (%) E/D (%) O/D (%) Mc-3/3 32 18 14 0 56 43 0 Mc-1/47 56 31 – 1 55 – 1 Mc-1/27 35 20 15 1 57 42 2 Mc-6/27 34 21 17 0 61 50 – Mc-7/27 30 18 14 0 60 40 – Mc-8/27 ? 33 19 – 0 – – – KB-68 20 11 – 0.6 55 – 3 Mc-1/28 16 9 7.5 0.5 56 46 3 Mc-2/28 19 11.5 7.2 0.5 57 39 1 Mc-5/28 16 9 7 0.5 58 43 3 Mc-1/40 67 45 – 0 67 – – Mc-2/40 95 54 – – 57 – Mc-5/40 80 44 ? 36 3 55 ? 45 3 Mc-6/40 82 45 – 4 54 4 Mc-1/30 87 47 – 6 54 – 6 ZN-1 30 17 13 1 57 43 3 ZN-8 – ? 53 – – – – – ZN-15 38 22 – 2 57 – 5 K-14 21 11 ? 7 0.5 52 ? 33 2 Br-12 90 52 5 ? 57 ? 5

Description: Specimens 16–89 mm in diameter, with massive involute shell with slightly flattened flanks. Venter rounded, broad. Umbilicus very small or comple- tely covered. Whorls widest slightly above middle of shell sides. Thick transverse rolls with attached furrows at venter; they continue at shell sides disappearing slightly below their middle. Rolls and furrows are visible exclusively on specimens larger than 40 mm in diameter; their number does not exceed 6 per whorl. Lobe line, poorly differentiated, consists of 9 lobes: the first three ones are tripartite, the remaining ones – single (e.g., specimen KB-64a). 46 R. MYCZYÑSKI

Remarks: Our specimens are consistent with descriptions and illustrations of Ptychophylloceras tatricum (Pusch) cited in the synonymy. Their dimensions do not significantly differ from those of the holotype. Specimen Mc-1/40, however, differs from the remaining ones in having higher last whorl (this may be a result of some flattening of the specimen). P. tatricum (Pusch) differs from a related species P. chonomphalum (Vacek, 1886) in having more convex whorl sides, and slightly larger umbilicus (see Scheibner, 1964, p. 45; text-fig. 13A-D). Occurrence: The species Ptychophylloceras tatricum (Pusch) was first described by Pusch (1837) from the vicinity of Zaskale near Szaflary (see Birkenmajer, 1963a: “Murchisonae beds”), from the Skrzypny Shale Formation (Upper Aalenian–Lower Bajocian – op. cit.) of the Czorsztyn Succession (Birkenmajer, 1977, p. 22, fig. 7R).

Specimens Mc-1/27 and Mc-6/27 to Mc-8/27 were collected from the Skrzypny Shale Formation, Niedzica Succession, at site 7. Specimens Mc-1/28, Mc-2/28 and Mc-5/28 were collected from the same formation, at site 7. Specimen Mc-3/3 was collected from the Skrzypny Shale Formation, Czorsztyn Succession, at site 9. Specimen Mc-1/30 derived from the Skrzypny Shale Marl Formation, Branisko Succession, at site 23. Specimen Mc-1/47 derived from the Skrzypny Shale Formation of the Czorsztyn Succession, at site 27. Specimens Mc-1/40 and Mc-2/40 come from the Skrzypny Shale Formation, Czorsztyn Succe- ssion, at site 16; specimens Mc-5/40 and Mc-6/40 – from the same formation exposed at site 17; Specimens KB-68 and Mc-6/30 come from the Skrzypny Shale Formation, Branisko Successsion, at site 23. Specimen KB-64a, together with Graphoceras rudis (Buckman) comes from the Skrzypny Shale Formation of the Branisko Succession exposed in a stream east of Hedeki Wierch near Falsztyn (for map location – see Birkenmajer, 1963b). Specimens ZN-1 and ZN-8 were found in the Skrzypny Shale Formation, Branisko Succession, at site 25. Specimen KB-77 comes from the Krempachy Marl Formation, Czertezik Succession, at site 21. Besides the Pieniny Klippen Belt, the species Ptychophylloceras tatricum (Pusch) is also known from the Aalenian deposits of the Alps and the Caucasus (cf. Besnosov, 1958).

Ptychophylloceras chonomphalum (Vacek, 1886) (Figs 16: 4, 5; 17: 2, 4, 7; 18: 3; 19: 7) Type species: Phylloceras chonomphalum Vacek, 1886 (p. 69, pl. 5, figs 7-13)

Locus typicus: The species was first described from Cap San Vigilio, Italy Diagnosis: The species is very similar to Ptychophyllocerasa tatricum (Pusch), from which it differs in smaller umbilicus diameter, more flattened whorl flanks and shorter rolls.

1886 Phylloceras chonomphalum Vacek, p. 69, pl. 5, figs 7-13 1964 Ptychophylloceras chonomphalum (Vacek); Scheibner, p. 45, text-fig. 13H 1967 Ptychophylloceras chonomphalum (Vacek); Barbera, p. 258, pl. 2, fig. 10 AMMONITE FAUNAS AND BIOSTRATIGRAPHY 47

Material: Ten specimens – Mc-2/27; Mc-4/27; Mc-5/27; Mc-9/27; Mc-10/27; Mc-16/27; Mc-3/40; K-16; Mc-7/40; K-B-73; one whorl fragment, ZN-9 (H = 10), with striation on shell, and with a roll at venter preserved; three whorl fragments Mc-1/31 (H = c. 42 mm); Mc-4/87/2 (H = 36 mm) and ZN-16. Dimensions:

No D (mm) H (mm) E (mm) O (mm) H/D (%) E/D (%) O/D (%) Mc-2/27 40 25 – 1 62 – 2 Mc-4/27 55 33 25 1 60 45 1.8 Mc-5/27 40 23.5 17 0 58 42 – Mc-9/27 31 19.5 14 – 53 35 – Mc-10/27 16 10 6.2 – 62 38 – Mc-14/27 22 12 7.2 1 55 33 4.5 Mc-1/29 25 13.5 10.5 1 54 42 4 Mc-3/40 29.5 20 11.5 – 60 38 – Mc-7/40 35 20 13 1 57 37 3 K-16 70 37 ? 17 – 52 ? 24 – KB-73 ? 80 46 – 2 – – –

Description. The species Ptychophylloceras chonomphalum (Vacek) is very similar to P. tatricum (Pusch). It differs from the latter in having a very small umbilicus, and less developed rib-like flares. Shell massive, involute, with broadly rounded venter, with straight flattened sides. Remarks: Rather flat whorl sides of our specimens, their small umbilicus, and presence of striation at shell surface allow to atribute them to P. chonomphalum (Vacek). Specimen Mc-1/29 has slightly wider umbilicus (4 mm) and wider whorl (42 mm), that make it closer to P. tatricum (Pusch); however, flattened whorl flanks indicate that we deal here with P. chonomphalum (Vacek). Occurrence: Specimens Mc-5/27 and Mc-4-14/27 were collected from the Skrzypny Shale Formation, Niedzica Succession, at site 6. Specimens Mc-3/40 and Mc-7/40 come from the Skrzypny Shale Formation, Czorsztyn Succession, at site 16. Specimen Mc-1/29 comes from the Skrzypny Shale Formation, Czorsztyn Succession, at site 9. Specimen Mc-1/31 was collected together with Inoceramus sp. cf. I. polyplocus Roemer from the Harcygrund Shale Formation of the ?Magura Succession at site 11. Specimen Mc-4/87/2 comes from the Krempachy Marl Formation of the Niedzica Succession, at site 8. Specimens ZN-9 and ZN-16 were collected from the Skrzypny Shale Formation, Branisko Succession, at site 25. Specimen K-16 derived from the Krempachy Marl Formation, Czorsztyn Succession at site 31. Specimen KB-73 comes from the Krempachy Marl Formation, Czertezik Succession, at site 21. 48 R. MYCZYÑSKI

Ptychophylloceras chonomphalum (Vacek) is known from Aalenian of Cap San Vigilio, Italy, and from Aalenian spherosiderite shales at Litmanova, E Slova- kia (Scheibner, 1964 = Skrzypny Shale Formation of the Czertezik Succession – Prof. K. Birkenmajer, personal information, 2004).

Suborder Lytoceratina Hyatt, 1889 Superfamily Lytocerataceae Neumayr, 1875 Family Lytoceratidae Neumayr, 1875 Subfamily Lytoceratinae Neumayr, 1875 Genus Lytoceras Suess, 1865 Type species: Ammonites fimbriatus Sowerby, 1817

Lytoceras sp. Material: One specimen, Mc-1/29a, of small diameter, and one poorly preserved whorl fragment, WS-4 (H = 18 mm). Dimensions: Mc-1/29a (D = 15 mm; H = 7 mm; O = 5 mm; H/D = 46%; O/D = 33%); Mc-1/29a (H = 18 mm). Description and remarks: Poor preservation of the specimens does not allow their specific determination. They resemble the species Lytoceras eudesianum (d’Orbigny) – see Pugin (164, p. 28, pl. 2, fig. 1; text-fig.5), Sturani (1971, p. 77), Galácz (1980, p. 48) and Rulleau (1998, p. 46, pl. 16: 1). Occurrence: Specimen WS-4 was collected from the Harcygrund Shale Formation (Podzamcze Limestone Formation according to Prof. K. Birkenmajer – personal information, 2004), Pieniny Succession, together with Calliphylloceras connectens (Zittel) and Dorsetensia romani (Oppel), at site 22.. Specimen Mc-1/29a was collected (together with Phylloceras sp.) from the Harcygrund Shale Formation, Magura Succession, at site 11.

The species Lytoceras eudesianum (d’Orbigny) occurs in the Early Bajocian Stephanoceras humphriesianum Zone (Rulleau, 1998), in Late Bajocian–Cal- lovian (Pugin, 1964) and Early Bathonian stages (Rakús, 1990).

Subfamily Alocolytoceratinae Spath, 1927 Genus Pachylytoceras Buckman, 1905

This genus includes micro- and macroconchs of lithoceratids with varied cross-section of whorls which gradually changes from oval to high-oval to nearly triangular in younger whorls. Microconchs show numerous strong ribs, ornamentation of their shells is weak or missing.

Pachylytoceras aff. dilucidum (Oppel, 1856) (Fig. 20, 4) Material: One complete specimen, slightly flattened, CS-5/7. AMMONITE FAUNAS AND BIOSTRATIGRAPHY 49

Dimensions:

No D (mm) H (mm) O (mm) H/D (%) O/D (%) CS-5/7 43 19 14 44 32

Description: Shell involute, with partly overlapping whorls. Varied cross-sections of whorls: oval at older whorls, suboval at terminal whorl. Whorl sides slightly convex, venter rounded. Umbilicus rather wide, moderately deep, umbilicus wall nearly vertical. Poorly marked constrictions and associated slight rolls at whorl flanks; about 6 constrictions per whorl. Bunches of rather strong riblets occur between constrictions; they are best visible near shell terminus. Lobe line poorly preserved. Remarks: Pachylytoceras dilucidum (Oppel) was described by Quenstedt (1886, p. 56, figs 7, 8) – as Ammonites penicilatus Quenstedt; by Schlegelmilch (1985, p. 25, pl. 1, fig. 8) – as Lytoceras penicillatum (Quenstedt) and Lytoceras dilucidum (Oppel) – (Schlegelmilch, 1985, p. 26, pl. 2, figs 3, 4); and by Rulleau (1998, p. 71, pl. 29, figs 5, 6; pl. 30, figs 1-5; pl. 31, figs 1-4; pl. 32, fig. 1; text-figs 11 (2-54) and 12 (12-14) – as Pachylytoceras dilucidum (Oppel). The latter species shows the presence of riblets parallel to constrictions, and high-oval cross-section of whorls. Compared with the latter species, our specimen has better expressed ornamentation and better marked constrictions which slightly bend backward at venter. These features make it closer to Lytoceras zejszneri n. sp. Siemiradzki (Siemiradzki, 1923, p. 35, pl. V, fig. 9) derived from the Krempachy Marl Formation of the Czorsztyn Succession at Szaflary (= Zaskale), Pieniny Klippen Belt (see Birkenma- jer, 1963a). Siemiradzki’s species shows, however, more flattened whorl sides, subrectangular whorl cross-section and wider umbilicus. Occurrence: Specimen CS-5/7 comes from a lower part of the Krempachy Marl Formation, Niedzica Succession, at site 8, c. 2.5 m below its contact with the Skrzypny Shale Formation of the same succession.

The species Pachylytoceras dilucidum (Oppel) is known from the Leioceras opalinum Zone, Early Aalenian (Rulleau, 1998).

Subfamily Megalytoceratinae Spath, 1927 Genus Megalytoceras Buckman, 1905 Type species: Lytoceras confusum Buckman, 1881

Remarks on the genus: Lytoceratids with evolute shell, loosely overlapping whorls, with smooth and thin backward-bent constrictions.

?Megalytoceras rubescens (Dumortier, 1974) (Figs 19: 8; 20: 2, 5) ?1886 Lytoceras rubescens Dumortier; Vacek, p. 63, pl. I, fig. 5a,b 50 R. MYCZYÑSKI

?1923 Megalytoceras rubescens (Dumortier); Siemiradzki, p. 34, pl. IV, figs 6, 7 1958 Megalytoceras rubescens (Dumortier); Besnosov, p. 96 ?1964 Megalytoceras rubescens (Dumortier); Pugin, p. 39, text-fig. 7 1964 Lytoceras rubescens Dumortier; Scheibner, p. 47, pl. 6, fig. 7; text-fig. 24 1973 Megalytoceras rubescens (Dumortier); Myczyñski, p. 63, pl. III, fig. 1 1998 Megalytoceras (?) rubescens (Dumortier); Rulleau, p. 78, figs 11-16; pl. 31, fig. 5; pl. 33, figs 4, 5; with synonymy Material: Specimens K/13; KSB-1; Kp-5; Mc-2/29; Zn-14. Dimensions:

No D (mm) H (mm) E (mm) O (mm) H/D (%) E/D (%) O/D (%) K/13 36.5 11 – 16.5 30 – 45 KSB-1 34 10 9.5 15 29 27 44 Kp-5 63 20 20 25 32 32 40 Mc-2/29 25 8.5 7.5 10 34 30 40 ZN-14 20 7 7 9 35 35 45

Description: Shells involute, specimens preserved as internal moulds. Whorls smooth, with slightly convex flanks, with oval cross-section. Whorls partly overlap one another. Venter slightly flattened. Umbilicus rather wide, its margin steep, nearly vertical. Characteristic, slightly backward-bent constrictions visible at whorl flanks. Remarks: Our specimens resemble most the species Megalytoceras rubescens (Dumortier) – see the synonymy. Lytoceras zejszneri Siemiradzki (Siemiradzki, 1923, p. 35, pl. 5, fig. 9), which is a related species, has more flattened whorl sides. Specimens of M. rubescens (Dumortier) from Vacek’s (1886), Siemiradzki’s (1923) and Pugin’s (1964) collections, here with question mark, have been attributed by Kopik (in Kopik et al., 1980, p. 180) to the species Eurystomiceras polyhelictum (Böckh). Rulleau (1998), in his synonymy, lists these specimens as Megalytoceras (?) rubescens (Dumortier), however suggesting its affinity to the genus Lytoceras Suess, 1865. Occurrence: Specimen K/13 comes from the Krempachy Marl Formation, Czorsztyn Succession, at site 31. Specimen KSB-1 comes from the Skrzypny Shale Formation, Branisko Succession, at site 23. Specimen ZN-14 comes from the Skrzypny Shale Formation, Branisko Succession, at site 25. Specimen Kp-5 comes from the Skrzypny Shale Formation, Czorsztyn Succession, at site 16. Specimen Mc-2/29 comes from the Skrzypny Shale Formation, Branisko Succession, at site 25.

The species Megalytoceras rubescens (Dumortier) is known mainly from the Middle and Late Toarcian, but also from the Early Bajocian of Europe (see Pugin, 1964). Two specimens of this species illustrated by Rulleau (1998, pl. 33, figs 4, 5) probably come from the Leioceras opalinum Zone. AMMONITE FAUNAS AND BIOSTRATIGRAPHY 51

Fig. 20. Lytoceratids from the Pieniny Klippen Belt and the Tatra Mts. (Lower Subtatric Succe- ssion). 1, 3 – Nannolytoceras tripartitum (Raspail), × 0.9 [1 – FiP-2, site 36; 3 – FiP-1, site 36]; 2, 5 – ?Megalytoceras rubescens (Dumortier), × 1.5 [2 – Kp-5, site 16; 5 – KSB, site 23); 4 – Pachylytoceras aff. dilucidum (Oppel), × 0.7, CS-5/7, site 8 52 R. MYCZYÑSKI

Megalytoceras sp. cf. ?M. rubescens (Dumortier, 1874) Material: One fragmentary specimen (Kp-8) and numerous whorl fragments: Kp-4 (D = c. 30 mm; H = 9 mm); CS-5/13 (H = 33 mm); CS-5/14 (H = c. 45 mm); CS-5/15 (H = c. 37 mm); CS-5/16 (H = 30 mm). Dimensions: No D (mm) H (mm) E (mm) O (mm) H/D (%) E/D (%) O/D (%) Kp-8 40 11 – 20 28 – 50

Description and remarks: Specimens poorly preserved, incomplete, with different diametres, flattened. Their cross-sections of whorls and ornamentation resemble the species Megalytoceras rubescens (Dumortier) as presented by Rulleau (1998, p. 78, pl. 31, fig. 5; pl. 33, figs 4, 5; text-figs 11-16). Occurrence: Specimens CS-5/13, CS-5/14, CS-5/15 and CS-5/16 come from the Krempachy Marl Formation, Niedzica Succession, at site 8. Specimens Kp-4 and Kp-8 come from the Skrzypny Shale Formation, Czorsztyn Succession, at site 11. Family Nannolytoceratidae Spath, 1927 Genus Nannolytoceras Buckman, 1905 Type species: Ammonites pygmaeus d’Orbigny, 1846. Nannolytoceras tripartitum (Raspail, 1831) (Fig. 20: 1, 3) 1955 Lytoceras tripartitum (Raspail); Birkenmajer & Znosko, p. 16, pl. 2, figs 1, 3, 5 1964 Nannolytoceras tripartitum (Raspail); Pugin, p. 48, pl. 3, figs 1-6; text-figs 9, 10; with extended synonymy 1980 Nannolytoceras tripartitum (Raspail); Galácz, pp. 53-54, pl. 9, figs 2, 3; with synonymy 1984 Nannolytoceras tripartitum (Raspail); Birkenmajer & Myczyñski, pp. 14-15, pl. 2, figs 1-3 1990 Nannolytoceras tripartitum (Raspail); Rakús, pp. 92, 94, pl. 2, fig. 3; pl. 3, fig. 1 1994 Nannolytoceras tripartitum (Raspail); Mangold, pp. 162-163, pl. 52, fig. 3a, b (neotype) 1994 Nannolytoceras tripartitum (Raspail); Myczyñski & Wierzbowski, p. 3, figs 1-3 1999 Nannolytoceras tripartitum (Raspail); Wierzbowski et al., p. 43, fig. 16: 2, 3; with synonymy Material: Five poorly preserved specimens: FiP-1; FiP-2; FiP-4; FiP-5; FiP-6, and one whorl fragment FiP-8 (H = 12 mm). Dimensions: No D (mm) H (mm) E (mm) O (mm) H/D (%) E/D (%) O/D (%) FiP-1 47 12 – 25 25 – 53 FiP-2 52 13 10 30 25 19 57 FiP-4 46 12.5 – 27 27 – 58 FiP-5 30 9 ? 7 15 30 ? 23 50 FiP-6 28 7 – 14 25 – 50 AMMONITE FAUNAS AND BIOSTRATIGRAPHY 53

Description: Shells planispiral with smooth, slightly convex flanks, with high-oval whorl cross-section. Characteristic S-shaped constrictions, typical for Nannolyto- ceras tripartitum (Raspail), are visible at whorl flanks. Remarks: Our specimens, with their shape, dimensions, and characteristic S-shaped constrictions, agree well with those determined as N. tripartitum (Raspail) cited in the synonymy. Occurrence: The described specimens derived from the Filipczañski Potok stream in the Polish Tatra Mts (Kopy So³tysie area: from the £omy Limestone Formation of the Lower Subtatric Nappe (=Križna Nappe). They were found together with an ammonite (FiP-13) determined as Cadomites (Poly- plectites) sp. cf. C. (P.) dorni Roché, 1939, and a belemnite (FiP-8) determined as Belemnopsis sp. gr. breviformis (Voltz, 1830).

In the Pieniny Klippen Belt of Poland, Nannolytoceras tripartitum (Raspail) occurs in the Upper Bajocian and Lower Bathonian limestones (Niedzica Limestone Formation and Czorsztyn Limestone Formation) of the Czorsztyn and Niedzica successions (Birkenmajer & Znosko, 1955; Birkenmajer, 1963; Birkenmajer & Myczyñski, 1984; Wierzbowski et al., 1999). Rakús (1990) cites this species from Early Bathonian strata of the Slovak part of the Pieniny Klippen Belt. Stratigraphic range of the species in Europe, Caucasus inclusively, represents Late Bajocian through Early and Middle Bathonian (see Besnosov, 1958; Pugin, 1964; Galácz, 1980; Rakús, 1990).

Superfamily Hildocerataceae Hyatt, 1867 Family Hildoceratidae Hyatt, 1867 Subfamily Harpoceratinae Neumayr, 1875 Genus Polyplectus Buckman, 1890 Type species: Ammonites discoides Zieten, 1831

Genus monotypic. Shell oxycone with small umbilicus and pointed venter. Whorl sides slightly convex. Riblets very thin, dense, wavy

Polyplectus discoides (Zieten, 1831) (Figs 23: 1; 24: 3) 1885 Ammonites discoides Zieten; Quenstedt, p. 420, pl. 83, figs 9, 10 1975 Polyplectus discoides (Zieten); Gueux, p. 115, pl. 7, fig. 8 1976 Polyplectus discoides (Zieten); Schlegelmilch, p. 90, pl. 47, fig. 8 1992 Polyplectus discoides (Zieten); Howarth, p. 153, pl. 28, figs 6-8 1997 Polyplectus discoides (Zieten); Metodiev, p. 15, pl. 1, fig. 7 Material: One, nearly complete specimen (Br/t-10) and one whorl fragment Kob-1 (H = 31 mm). 54 R. MYCZYÑSKI

Dimensions:

No D (mm) H (mm) O (mm) H/D (%) O/D (%) r/2 Brt-10 67 35 14 52 20 44

Description: Shell medium-sized, oxycone, with small umbilicus, with acute keel. Ornamentation consists of falcoid, dense, single ribs, projected forward on ventral half of whorls. Remarks: Both specimens agree well with the species Polyplectus discoides (Zieten) as described by the authors cited in the synonymy. Occurence: Both specimens come from the Lower Subtatric Nappe (Križna Nappe) of the Tatra Mts (Kopy So³tysie area), Poland.

Specimen Br/t-10 comes from the Skalnite Marlstone Member (So³tysia Marlstone Formation) at site 38b, belonging to the Late Toarcian Grammoceras thouarsense Zone, the Pseudogrammoceras fallaciosum Subzone (sensu Elmi et al., 1997). The specimens were found together with Pseudo- grammoceras saemanni (Dumortier) – vide. Specimen Kob-1 comes from a loose block of grey limestone of the same formation, found at Koby³a hill (c. 1 km E of Brzeziny – see Iwanow 1973).

The species Polyplectus discoides (Zieten) is known from the ammonite zones Grammoceras thouarsense and Phlyseogrammoceras dispansum (Hammatoceras insigne Subzone) of the Toarcian in France (Gueux, 1975). Elmi et al. (1997) cite this species from the G. thouarsense Zone (and the G. thouarsense Subzone) of the Mediterranean realm; this correlates with the Hammatoceras bonarellii Zone of NW Europe. Subfamily Grammoceratinae Buckman, 1905 Genus Pseudogrammoceras Buckman, 1901 Type species: Ammonites struckmanni Denckmann, 1887

To this genus belong ammonites with flattened shells, wavy riblets, wide umbilicus, and venter with keel. Riblets are wider than inter-riblet spaces. From the related genus Grammoceras Hyatt, 1867, they differ in having more flexed, radially disposed riblets

Pseudogrammoceras saemanni (Dumortier, 1874; non Oppel) (Fig. 22: 2) 1959 Pseudogrammoceras saemanni (Dumortier); Théobald & Cheviet, p. 54, pl. 3, figs 3, 3a, 3b 1961 Grammoceras saemanni (Dumortier); Krimholz, p. 57, pl. 3, fig. 21 Material: One, nearly complete specimen Br/t-5. Dimensions:

No D (mm) H (mm) O (mm) H/D (%) O/D (%) R/2 Brt-5 95 37 36 38 37 27 AMMONITE FAUNAS AND BIOSTRATIGRAPHY 55

Description: Shell evolute, compressed, medium-sized, with high-elliptical whorl cross-section, with wide shallow umbilicus. Whorl flanks flat. Umbilical margin slightly rounded, umbilical wall steep. Venter with high keel. Ornamentation consists of falcoid, strong, broad, weakly rursiradiate ribs with narrower interrib spaces. Remarks: Our specimen agrees well with specimens of Pseudogrammoceras saemanni (Dumortier, 1874), as cited in the synonymy. Occurrence: Our specimen comes from the same strata in the Tatra Mts as Polyplectus discoides (Zieten), site 38b. Pseudogrammoceras bingmanni (Denckmann, 1887) (Figs 21: 1–4; 22: 1; 24: 2) 1975 Pseudogrammoceras bingmanni (Denckmann); Gabilly, p. 137, pl. 21, figs 7, 8; pl. 23, figs 3, 4; pl. 24, figs 1-9; pl. 25, figs 1, 2; pl. 26, figs 1-5; pl. 27, figs 1, 2; text-figs 91-93, 106-107 1997 Pseudogrammoceras bingmanni (Denckmann); Elmi et al., p. 122, pl. 10, figs 14, 15 Material: Seven specimens, Br/t-1; Br/t-2; Br/t-3; Br/t-4; Br/t-6; Br/t-7; Br/t-9. Dimensions:

No D (mm) H (mm) O (mm) H/D (%) O/D (%) R r r/2 Br/t-1 84 25 33 29 39 52 53 Br/t-2 58 22 23 37 39 19 Br/t-3 ? 72 23 30 ? 31 ? 43 Br/t-4 71 24 33 46 Br/t-6 ? 60 – 30 – ? 50 Br/t-7 76 26 36 34 47 30 Br/t-9 41 14 17 34 41

Description: Shells evolute, compressed, medium-sized, with moderately high whorl cross-section, with shallow umbilicus. Venter with keel. Ornamentation consists of falcoid, moderately or weakly rursiradiate ribs with narrow inter-rib spaces. Remarks: The specimens agree well with those listed in the synonymy. They differ from a related species Pseudogrammoceras struckmani (Denckmann, 1887) by coarser ornamentation, better involution, and somewhat wider umbilicus. From P. fallaciosum (Bayle, 1878) our specimens differ by more robust, less numerous ribs. Occurrence: Our specimens were collected from the Skalnite Marlstone Member (Kopy So³tysie Formation) at site 38b.

The species Pseudogrammoceras bingmanni (Denckmann) is known from the Aalenian Thouarsense Zone of Europe (Gabilly, 1975). 56 R. MYCZYÑSKI

Pseudogrammoceras cf. latescens (Simpson, 1843) (Fig. 21: 5) Material: One incomplete specimen, Br/t-8 (H = 9 mm; O = 10 mm). Description and remarks: Shell evolute, compressed, small-sized, with subqua- drate whorl cross-section. Umbilicus wide, shallow. Ventral side slightly convex. Ornamentation consists of falcoid, moderately sigmoidal ribs with narrow inter-rib spaces. Our specimen is similar to Pseudogrammoceras latescens (Simpson) of Gabilly (1975, p. 132, pl. 22, figs 2, 3; pl. 23, figs 1, 2, 9, 10; text-figs 88, 105), to Pseudogrammoceras quadratum (Quenstedt) of Buckman (1904, p. 144), and to Grammoceras quadratum (Quenstedt) of Krimholz (1961, p. 53, pl. 2, figs 7a, b). The specimens of Buckman and Krimholz (op. cit.) were included by Gabilly (1975) into synonymy of Pseudogrammoceras latescens (Simpson). Incomplete shell and rather poor preservation of our specimen, makes it difficult to determine its specific attribution. Occurrence: Skalnite Marlstone Member (Kopy So³tysie Formation), site 38b.

Pseudogrammoceras latescens (Simpson) occurs in the Pseudogrammoceras bingmanni Subzone, the Hammatoceras bonarellii Zone (see Gabilly, 1975). Pseu- dogrammoceras bingmanni (Denckmann) occurs in the Hammatoceras bonarellii Zone (Gabilly, 1975).

Subfamily Dumortieriinae Haug, 1885 (sensu Schindewolf, 1964) Genus Dumortieria Haug, 1885 Type species: Ammonites levesquei d’Orbigny Remarks: The genus, created by Haug (1885), includes platycone ammonites, with ornamentation of nearly stright riblets bending forward near ventral margin. World-wide distribution: Upper Toarcian deposits of Europe (Metodiev, 1997), Iran (Sayed-Emami & Nabavi, 1985) and South America (Hillebrandt, 1987)

Dumortieria cf. levesquei (d’Orbigny, 1844) (Fig. 23: 2, 6) Material: Eleven, poorly preserved specimens – D-1/96/16; ZA-1/5 (H = 10 mm); ZA -1/6 (H = 13 mm); ZA-1/7 (H = 10 mm); ZA-1/10 (H = 13 mm); ZA-1/8; ZA-1/13 (H = 13 mm); ZA-1/16; KrP-7 (H = 6 mm); KrP-8 (H = 9 mm); KrP-2 (H = 10 mm). AMMONITE FAUNAS AND BIOSTRATIGRAPHY 57

Fig. 21. Grammoceratids of the Lower Subtatric Succession (Tatra Mts). 1–4 – Pseudogrammo- ceras bingmanni (Denckmann) [1 – Br/t-1, × 1.2, site 38b; 2 – Br/t-3, × 1; 3 – Br/t-2, × 0.8, site 38b; 4 – Br-t/6, × 1.2, site 38b]; 5 – Pseudogrammoceras cf. latescens (Simpson), Br/t-8, × 2, site 38b 58 R. MYCZYÑSKI

Fig. 22. Late Toarcian ammonites of the Tatra Mts (Lower Subtatric Succession), 1 – Pseudo- grammoceras bingmanni (Denckmann), Br/t-4, × 1.3, site 38b; 2 – Pseudogrammoceras saemanni (Dumortier), Br/t-5, × 0.8, site 38b AMMONITE FAUNAS AND BIOSTRATIGRAPHY 59

Dimensions:

No D (mm) H (mm) O (mm) H/D (%) O/D (%) D-1/96/16 ? 50 19 21 ? 38 ? 42 ZA-1/8 ? 30 12 – 40 – ZA-1/16 26 ? 12 11 46 42

Description and remarks: Shells evolute, high-oval cross-section of whorls, narrow venter with keel. Whorl flanks slightly convex. Umbilical margin steep, umbilicus wall nearly vertical. Umbilicus wide, moderately deep. Ornamentation in form of straight riblets starting at umbilical margin, slightly bent forward at ventral margin. Specimens ZA-1/13 and ZA-1/16 show fine swells at riblets’ ventral termination. Such feature is also observable in Siemiradzki’s (1923) specimens. Lobe line not preserved. Shell shape and ornamentation of our specimens resembles Dumortieria levesquei (d’Orbigny) as described and illustrated by Siemiradzki (1923, p. 9, pl. 1, figs 8, 9: as ?Cycloceras levesquei), Sapunov (1959, p. 24, pl. I, figs 1-3: as D. levesquei), Pinna (1968, p. 53, pl. VI, fig.6: as D. cf. levesquei), Schlegelmilch (1976, p. 92, pl. 50, fig. 3: as D. levesquei) and Seyed-Emami & Nabavi (1985, p. 248, pl. 13a, b: as D. levesquei). Our specimens, showing straight, rather strong riblets, correspond to those of Dumortieria levesquei (d’Orbigny), however their poor state of preservation does not allow to atrribute them to this species without reservation. Occurrence: Specimen D-1/96/16 comes from the Krempachy Marl Formation, Czertezik Succession, at site 21. Specimens KrP-2, KrP-7 and KrP-8 come from the Krempachy Marl Formation, Czorsztyn Succession, at site 30. Specimens ZA-1/5, 1/6, 1/7, 1/8, 1/10, 1/13, and 1/16 come from the Krempachy Marl Formation, Czorsztyn Succession, at site 33.

The species Dumortieria levesquei (d’Orbigny) is a zonal index for the latest Toarcian in Europe (cf. Schlegelmilch, 1976). It has also been noted from the Upper Toarcian deposits of Canada (Arthur et al., 1993; Smith et al., 1998).

Dumortieria cf. flexicostata Ernst, 1924 (Fig. 25: 7, 8) Material: Two whorl fragments – D/1/87/2 (H = 9 mm – Fig. 25: 7) and FiP-3 (H = 6 mm – Fig. 25: 8). Description and remarks: Whorl fragments of small specimens. Whorl flanks slightly convex. Ornamentation in form of strong riblets starting at umbilical margin, showing there a tendency to bifurcate. Riblets bent backward at whorl flanks. 60 R. MYCZYÑSKI

Our specimens resemble those described as Dumortieria flexicostata Ernst by Krimholz (1961, p. 68, pl. 4, fig. 6a, b). Their fragmentary and poor preservation does not allow, however, to determine it without reservation. Occurrence: Specimen D/1/87/2 comes from the Krempachy Marl Formation, Czertezik Succession, at site 21. Specimen FP-3 comes from grey limestones of the Podspad Marlstone Member (Kopy So³tysie Formation), at site 36.

The species Dumortieria flexicosta Ernst occurs in the Late Toarcian Pseudora- diosa Zone of Germany (see Krimholz, 1961).

Dumortieria cf. tabulata Buckman, 1905 (Fig. 25: 1, 2) Material: Four incomplete specimens – ZA/11/1,1 (H = 12 mm); ZA/11/1, 2 (H = 8 mm); KrP/1A (H = 8 mm); KrP/1B (H = 6 mm). Description and remarks: Whorl fragments with slightly convex flanks, with rather strong, slightly wavy riblets; riblets bent strongest near ventral margin. Wide inter-riblet spaces. The above characteristic ornamentation make our specimens resemble Dumor- tieria tabulata Buckman of Buckman (1905, p. CLXXXV, pl. 22, figs 25-27) and Topchishvili (1990, p. 54, pl. 18, fig. 2), however poor preservation of our specimens does not allow to determine them without reservation. Occurrence: Specimen ZA/11/1 comes from the Krempachy Marl Formation, Czorsztyn Succession, at site 33. Specimens KrP-1A and KrP-1B were found as loose fragments at the Krêty Potok stream bank (south of Krempachy); they were derived from the Krempachy Marl Formation, Czorsztyn Succession (cf. site 30).

Dumortieria tabulata Buckman is known from Upper Toarcian deposits of Eng- land, France, Georgia (Caucasus) and Azerbaijan (Buckman, 1905; Topchishvili, 1990).

Dumortieria cf. radians (Reinecke, 1818) (Fig. 24: 5) Material: One whorl fragment, KrP-14A (H = 10 mm).

Fig. 23. Late Toarcian–Early Aalenian ammonites of the Tatra Mts (Lower Subtatric Succession) and the Pieniny Klippen Belt. 1 – Polyplectus discoides (Zieten), × 1, Br/t-10, site 38b; 2, 6 – Dumortieria cf. levesquei (d’Orbigny) [2 – D/1/96/16, × 1.6, site 21; 6 – KrP-7, × 1.5, site 30]; 3 – Leioceras crassicostatum Rieber, KrP-3, × 2, site 30; 4 – Costileioceras costosum (Quenstedt), D1/87/8, × 1.5, site 21; 5, 7 – Pleydellia cf. fluens Buckman [5 – D/1/87/10, × 2, site 21; 7 – D/1/87/7, × 1.3, site 21] AMMONITE FAUNAS AND BIOSTRATIGRAPHY 61 62 R. MYCZYÑSKI

Description and remarks: Whorl fragment with high-oval cross-section, with nearly flat flanks. Ornamentation consists of slightly wavy, radial riblets. Riblets numerous, thin, bent forward at ventral margin. Venter with small keel. Our specimen resembles those presented by Buckman (1907, p. 179, Suppl., p. 22, figs 31-33), by Seyed-Emani & Nabavi (1985, p. 253, figs 33a, b: descibed as D. radians), and by Siemiradzki (1923, p. 11, pl. 1, fig. 10: determined as D. radians). This similarity is expressed in flatteed whorl flanks, wavy character of riblets, and poor development of keel. Our specimen resembles also those described by Schle- gelmilch (1976, p. 93, pl. 51, figs 2, 3) as Dumortieria nicklesi (Benecke, 1905), from which it differs in having stronger riblets. Occurrence: Our specimen comes from the Krempachy Marl Formation, Czorsztyn Succession, exposed at site 30.

The species Dumortieria radians (Reinecke) occurs in Toarcian deposits together with D. levesquei (d’Orbigny) – see Ohmert et al. (1996).

Dumortieria cf. radiosa (Seebach, 1864) (Fig. 25: 6) Material: One incomplete specimen D/1/96/19, and one very small specimen D/1/96/17B. Dimensions:

No D (mm) H (mm) O (mm) H/D (%) O/D (%) D-1/96/17b 16 5.5 4.6 34.3 28.7 D/1/96/19 31 11 10 ? 35 ? 32

Description and remarks: Shell flatened, whorls incompletely overlapping. Whorls thickest slightly above umbilical margin. Umbilicus wide, its wall nearly vertical. Ornamentation consisting of numerous thin riblets, slightly thicker in older part of shell, backward-bent, numerous and wavy near aperture. The small-sized specimen, D/1/96/17B (Fig. 25: 6) displays thin, poorly marked ornamentation. The specimen D/1/96/19 shows slightly weaker, more backward-bent riblets, than D. radiosa (Seebach) – as described and illustrated by Schlegelmilch (1976, p. 93, pl. 50, fig. 6: D. radiosa), Seyed-Emmani & Nabavi (1985, p. 154, figs 4a, b: D. radiosa), and Topchishvili (1990, p. 56, pl. 18, fig.7: D. radiosa).

Fig. 24. Late Toarcian–Aalenian ammonites of the Tatra Mts (Lower Subtatric Succession) and the Pieniny Klippen Belt. 1 – Pseudaptetoceras gr. klimakomphalum (Vacek), D/1/96/12, × 0.7, site 21; 2 – Pseudogrammoceras bingmanni (Denckmann), Br/t-6, × 0.8, site 38b; 3 – Polyplectus discoides (Zieten), Br/t-10, × 1, site 38b; 4, 6 – Osperlioceras cf. reynesi (Monestier) [4 – ZA/1/15, × 2, site 33; 6 – ZA-1/12, × 4, site 33]; 5 – Dumortieria cf. radians (Reinecke), KrP-14, × 2.5, site 30 AMMONITE FAUNAS AND BIOSTRATIGRAPHY 63 64 R. MYCZYÑSKI

Occurrence: Both specimens come from the Krempachy Marl Formation, Czertezik Succession, at site 21.

The species Dumortieria radiosa (Seebach) occurs in the Upper Toarcian deposits, Dumortieria levesquei Zone of Europe, Caucasus inclusively (Topchishvili, 1990).

Dumortieria sp. Material: Five, poorly preserved specimens, KrP (H = 6 mm); KrP-5; KrP-6; KrP-9; KrP-14B. Description and remarks: Shell ornamentation in form of radial, slightly wavy, single riblets – as in the genus Dumortieria Haug, 1885 (cf. Topchishvili, 1990). Poor preservation of our specimens precludes their specific determination. Occurrence: The specimens were collected from the Krempachy Marl Formation, Czorsztyn Succession, site 30.

Genus Pleydellia Buckman, 1899

The genus, created by Buckman (1899), includes ammonites with shell involute to evolute, flattened, oxycone, with wavy bifurcating ribs

Pleydellia aalensis (Zieten, 1830) (Fig. 26: 3) 1830 Ammonites aalensis n. sp.; Zieten, p. 37, pl. 28, fig. 3 1959 Pleydellia aalensis (Zieten); Théobald & Moine, p. 19, pl. III, figs 1-8; pl. IV, figs 1-7; pl. I, fig. 1 1976 Pleydellia aalensis (Zieten); Schlegelmilch, p. 94, pl. 51, figs 8, 9 1985 Pleydellia aalensis (Zieten); Seyed-Emami & Nabavi, p. 266, figs 34a,b, 38a, b 1996 Cotteswoldia cf. aalensis (Zieten); Ohmert et al., pp. 24, 25, fig. 22 1997 Pleydellia aalensis (Zieten); Rousselle, p. 42, fig. 13 1997 Pleydellia aalensis (Zieten); Cassel, p. 166 1997a Pleydellia aalensis (Zieten); Elmi et al., pl. 11, figs 15, 16 1997 Pleydellia aalensis (Zieten) Jakobs, pl. 9, figs 8, 9 Material: One small-sized specimen, Mc-1/52, and five fragmentarily preserved ones, Mc-2/52 (H = c. 16 mm); Mc-3/52; D/1/87/6; D/1/87/9 (H = 13 mm); D/1/87/17a.

Fig. 25. Late Toarcian–Aalenian ammonites of the Tatra Mts (Lower Subtatric Succession) and the Pieniny Klippen Belt. 1, 2 – Dumortieria cf. tabulata Buckman, × 2 [1 – ZA-11/1, site 33; 2 – ZA-11/2, site 33]; 3 – Osperlioceras alternans (Monestier), D/1/96/15, × 1, site 21; 4 – Pleydellia subcompta (Branco), Mc-4/14, × 1.5, site 4; 5 – Pleydellia n. sp. aff. P. buckmani Maubeuge, Mc-4/9, × 1.5, site 4; 6 – Dumortieria cf. radiosa (Seebach), D/1/96/17, × 1.5, site 21; 7, 8 – Dumortieria cf. flexicosta Ernst [7 – D/1/87/2, site 21; 8 – FiP-3, × 1.5, site 38c]; 9 – Pleydellia cf. fluens Buckman, D/1/87/1, × 1.5, site 21; 10 – Costileioceras costosum (Quenstedt), D/1/87/6, × 1.5, site 21 AMMONITE FAUNAS AND BIOSTRATIGRAPHY 65 66 R. MYCZYÑSKI

Dimensions:

No D (mm) H (mm) E (mm) O (mm) H/D (%) E/D (%) O/D (%) Mc-1/52 11 4 – 3.5 36 – 31.8 Mc-3/52 30 10 – 9 33 – 30 D/1/87/6 28 10 – 9 35.7 – 32.1 D/1/96/17a ? 17 ? 7.5 – – ? 44 – –

Description and remarks: Whorl flanks moderately convex. Ornamentation in form of wavy riblets fusing near umbilical margin or slightly above it. Riblets bent forward near umbilical margin and at ventro-lateral margin. Ornamentation of our specimens is consistent with the species cited in the synonymy. Occurrence: Specimens D/I/87/6 and D/1/96/17a come from the Krempachy Marl Formation, Czertezik Succession, at site 21. Specimens Mc-1/52 and Mc-3/52 come from the Krempachy Marl Formation, Czorsztyn Succession, at site 35.

The species Pleydellia aalensis (Zieten) is a zonal index for the Late Toarcian Pleydellia aalensis Zone of Europe: Germany, England, France, Portugal, Bul- garia, Greece, Romania, and Georgia-Caucasus (Topchishvili, 1990). In Poland, it has been listed from the Pieniny Klippen Belt (see Birkenmajer, 1963a, 1977).

Pleydellia subcompta (Branco, 1879) (Fig. 25: 4) 1976 Pleydellia subcompta (Branco); Schlegelmilch, p. 95, pl. 51, fig. 11 1985 Pleydellia subcompta (Branco); Seyed-Emami & Nabavi, p. 264, figs 30a, b, 31a, b 1997 Pleydellia subcompta (Branco); Metodiev, p. 22, pl. 4, fig. 6 Material: One specimen, Mc-4/14. Dimensions:

No D (mm) H (mm) O (mm) H/D (%) O/D (%) Mc-4/14 30 13 10 43 30

Description: Specimen preserved as internal mould. Flattened-oval whorl cross-section, slightly narrowing venter with small keel. Maximum width of whorl flanks at one-fourth of whorl height. Whorl sides moderately convex. Umbilicus wide, umbilical wall nearly vertical. Ornamentation in form of moderately strong, rather dense, slightly sickle-like riblets; they form bundles at umbilical margin. Riblets bent forward at ventral margin. Lobe line not preserved. Remarks: Our specimen corresponds well with Pleydellia subcompta (Branco) as listed in the synonymy. It differs from the above species in having slightly higher AMMONITE FAUNAS AND BIOSTRATIGRAPHY 67 whorls and less well expressed tendency to fusing of ribs in bundles. There is some similarity of our specimen to P. aalensis (Zieten) as described and illustrated by Seyed-Emami & Nabavi (1985, p. 266, figs 34a, b, 38a, b), however its riblets are weaker than in the latter species. Occurrence: Our specimen was collected from the Krempachy Marl Formation of the Czorsztyn Succession, at site 4.

The species Pleydellia subcompta (Branco) is also known from the Upper Toar- cian deposits of France, Germany, Hungary and Bulgaria (Metodiev, 1997).

Pleydellia n. sp. aff. P. buckmani Maubeuge, 1947 (Fig. 25: 5) Material: One nearly complete specimen, Mc-4/87/9, and one poorer preserved specimen ZA-1/15b. Dimensions:

No D (mm) H (mm) O (mm) H/D (%) O/D (%) Mc-4/87/9 41 16 12 39 29 ZA-1/15b ? 31 14 9 45 29

Description: Specimen Mc-4/87/9 is moderately evolute, slightly flattened, with fast growing whorl height, with slightly convex flanks. Umbilicus wide, shallow. Umbilical wall vertical, umbilical margin moderately depressed. Ornamentation of older whorls consists of numerous ribs fusing in bundles. Rather strong riblets start in the middle of rather narrow last whorl; they slightly thicken in upper part. Lobe line not visible. Specimen ZA-1/15b is a discoidal whorl fragment with slightly convex flanks. Umbilical margin rounded, umbilical wall nearly vertical. Umbilicus moderately wide. Ornamentation in form of numerous, thin, flat ribs; they begin at umbilicus wall, near ventral margin they bend forward. Remarks: Our specimens show a considerable similarity to Pleydellia buckmani Maubeuge (see: Maubeuge, 1950, p. 370, pls III-VI; Seyed-Emami & Nabavi, 1985, p. 265, figs 27a, b, 28a, b, 29). The specimen Mc-4/87/9 differs, however, from the latter in having massive riblets at terminal whorl. The specimen ZA-1/15b differs from P. buckmani Maubeuge by more numerous ribs. Occurrence: Specimen Mc-4/87/9 was collected from the Krempachy Marl Formation, Czorsztyn Succession, at site 4. Specimen ZA-1/15b was collected from the Krempachy Marl Formation, Czorsztyn Succession, at site 33. 68 R. MYCZYÑSKI

The species Pleydellia buckmani Maubeuge was first described from Upper Toarcian grey limestones of Dudelange (Italy) by Maubeuge (1950).

Pleydellia (Walkericeras) lugdunensis Elmi et Rulleau, 1997 (Fig. 26: 1, 2) 1997 Pleydellia (Walkericeras) lugdunensis sp. nov.; Elmi et al., p. 35, fig. 5; pl. 11, fig. 19 1997 Pleydellia (Walkericeras) lugdunensis Elmi et Rulleau; Cassel, pl. 13, fig. 6 2001 Pleydellia (Walkericeras) lugdunensis Elmi et Rulleau; Rulleau et al., pl. 19, figs 1, 2 Material: Three incomplete, well preserved specimens, LW-2; LW-3; D/1/96/8; three poorly preserved specimens Mc-4/87/13 (H = 14 mm); Mc-4/87/14 (H = 13 mm); Mc-4/87/17. Dimensions:

No D (mm) H (mm) O (mm) H/D (%) O/D (%) LW-2 44 18.5 11 42 25 LW-3 35 15 9 42 25 D/1/96/8 – 13.5 6 – –

Description: Shell discoidal. Flanks nearly flat, thickest near umbilical margin. Venter pointed. Umbilical wall oblique. Umbilicus rather wide. Ornamentation consisting of dense, wavy, moderately strong riblets, beginning at ventral margin. Riblets bifurcate below ventral margin. Sickle-shaped, forward-bent riblets. Remarks: Ornamentation and shape of our specimens agree with those of Elmi et al. (1997) as listed in the synonymy. Occurrence: Specimens LW-2 and LW-3 were collected from the Krempachy Marl Formation, Czorsztyn Succession, at Czorsztyn Castle (artificial trench north of the main klippe – for map location see Birkenmajer, 1963a). Specimen D/1/96/8 comes from the Krempachy Marl Formation, Czertezik Succession, at site 21. Specimens Mc-4/87/13, Mc-4/87/14 and Mc-4/87/17 were collected from the Krempachy Marl Formation, Czorsztyn Succession, at site 4. Pleydellia (Walkericeras) lugdunensis Elmi et Rulleau occurs in the Late Toar- cian Pleydellia aalensis Zone of Europe (Cassel, 1997).

Fig. 26. Late Toarcian–Aalenian ammonites of the Pieniny Klippen Belt and the Tatra Mts (Lower Subtatric Succession). 1, 2 – Pleydellia (Walkericeras) lugdunensis Elmi et Rulleau [1 – LW-2, × 1.2, site Czorsztyn Castle; 2 – D/1/96/8 - × 1, site 21]; 3 – Pleydellia aalensis (Zieten), D/1/87/9, × 0.7, site 21; 4–6 – Tmetoceras scissum (Benecke) [4 – K-5, × 1, site 31; 5 – D/1/96/5, × 1.25, site 21; 6 – K-2, × 1, site 31]; 7 – Tmetoceras kirki Westermann, K-1, × 1.5, site 31; 8 – Leioceras opalinum (Reinecke), Mc-1/50, × 1.2, site 1a AMMONITE FAUNAS AND BIOSTRATIGRAPHY 69 70 R. MYCZYÑSKI

Pleydellia cf. fluens Buckman, 1904 (Figs 23: 5, 7; 25: 9) Material: Four specimens, D/1/87/10; D/1/96/14; D/1/87/1, and three shell fragments Mc-4/87/19a, b, c. Dimensions:

No D (mm) H (mm) O (mm) H/D (%) O/D (%) D/1/87/10 16 6 4 37 25 D/1/96/14 20 8 – 40 – D/1/87/7 ? 26 10 7 ? 38 ? 26 D/1/87/1 30 12 7 40 23 4/87/15 17 8.5 3.6 50 21

Description and remarks: Shell discoidal with slightly convex flanks. Whorls thickest slightly above umbilical margin. Umbilicus relatively wide, shallow. Ornamentation in form of rather thick, slightly wavy riblets, with rather wide inter-rib spaces. Ribs divide into secondaries which fuse in bundles near ventral margin. Our specimens resemble those of Pleydellia fluens Buckman (see Buckman, 1904, Suppl., p. 137, pl. 31, figs 1, 2; Seyed-Emami & Nabavi, 1985, p. 265, fig. 42a, b), however poor state of their preservation does not allow their specific determination. There is also some similarity to Pleydellia buckmani Maubeuge (see Maubeuge, 1950, p. 370, pls III-VI; Seyed-Emami & Nabavi, 1985, p. 265, figs 27a, b, 28a, b, 29), however our specimens show, at venter, the presence of secondaries that do not occur in Maubeuge’s species. Occurrence: Specimens D/1/87/10; D/1/96/14; D/1/87/7 and D/1/87/1 were found in the Krempachy Marl Formation, Czertezik Succession, at site 21. Specimens Mc-4/87/19a, b, c, were collected from the Krempachy Marl Formation, Czorsztyn Succession, at site 4.

The species Pleydellia fluens Buckman occurs in the Late Toarcian Dumortieria pseudoradiosa Zone, and the Dumortieria levesquei Zone of NW Europe (see Mouterde, 1952; Seyed-Emami & Nabavi, 1985, p. 247).

Family Tmetoceratinae Spath, 1936 Genus Tmetoceras Buckman, 1892 Type species: Ammonites scissus Benecke, 1865

Genus cosmopolitic, known from Europe, Asia, North Africa, Canada and South America (Southern Andes). Includes ammonites with moderately evolute whorls, with prominent ribbing. The type species is a zonal index for the Aalenian Tmetoceras scissum Zone (Rieber, 1963; Westermann, 1992). AMMONITE FAUNAS AND BIOSTRATIGRAPHY 71

Tmetoceras scissum (Benecke, 1865), macroconch (Fig. 26: 4–6) ?1923 Tmetoceras acanthicum Zejszner; Siemiradzki, p. 10, pl. VII, fig. 3 1955 Tmetoceras scissum (Benecke); Maubeuge, p. 2, fig. 1a-c 1973 Tmetoceras scissum (Benecke); Imlay, p. 59, pl. 2, figs 1-6 1967 Tmetoceras scissum (Benecke); Géczy, p. 160, pl. XXXV, figs 3-7; pl. LXIV, figs 73, 74; with synonymy 1973 Tmetoceras scissum (Benecke); Myczyñski, p. 65, pl. III, fig. 5 1985 Tmetoceras scissum (Benecke); Schlegelmilch, p. 29, pl. 3, fig. 5 1991 Tmetoceras scissum (Benecke); Poulton & Tipper, p. 27, pl. 1, figs 1-32 1992 Tmetoceras scissum (Benecke); Sato, pl. 14, fig. 10 1992 Tmetoceras scissum (Benecke); Westermann, pl. 52, fig. 6 1993 Tmetoceras scissum (Benecke); Seyed-Emami et al., p. 16, pl. 1, figs 3, 4 1994 Tmetoceras scissum (Benecke); Callomon & Chandler, p. 27, pl. 5, figs 2, 3; pl. 6, fig. 3; pl. 8, figs 2-4 2001 Tmetoceras scissum (Reinecke); Rulleau et al., pl. 16, figs 4a, b Material: Five specimens – K/2; K/4; K/5; D/1/96/2; D/1/96/5. Dimensions:

No D (mm) H (mm) E (mm) O (mm) H/D (%) ED (%) O/D (%) R/2 K/2 39 12 8 19.5 31 20 50 22 K/4 30 8 – 13.5 27 – 45 K/5 ? 30 11 – 15 ? 37 – 50 D/1/96/2 40 9.5 – 17.5 24 – 44 22 D/1/96/5 40 12.5 – 17.5 31 – 44

Description: Shell evolute, whorl cross-section rectangular/oval. Whorl flanks moderately convex. Venter rounded with furrow. Ornamentation consists of thin radial riblets, running from umbilical margin to ventral margin where they end with small swellings. Constrictions numerous, rather well marked. Lobe line not preserved. Remarks: Our species conforms with definition and illustrations of Tmetoceras scissum (Benecke) as listed in the synonymy. Such features as straight radial riblets swelling at ventro-lateral margin, presence of furrow at venter, and of constrictions, are typical for this species. Tmetoceras acanthicum (Zejszner, 1856) described and illustrated by Siemiradzki (1923, p. 10, pl. VII, fig. 3) from Szaflary (Poland) and Slovak Orava is regarded here as a morphotype of T. scissum (Benecke), differing from the latter species only in the presence of forward-bent arcuate riblets. It should be mentioned that some specimens of T. scissum (Benecke) illustrated by Poulton & Tipper (1991, pl. 1) do also show strongly arcuate riblets at living chamber. Occurrence: Specimens K/2, K/4 and K/5 come from the Krempachy Marl Formation, Czorsztyn Succession, at site 31. 72 R. MYCZYÑSKI

Specimens D/1/96/2 and D/2/96/5 come from the Krempachy Marl Formation, Czertezik Succe- ssion, at site 21.

The species Tmetoceras scissum (Benecke) frequently occurs in Early Aalenian strata of Europe (cf. Fernández-López et al., 1999), Canada and South America (see Westermann & Riccardi, 1972; Riccardi & Westermann, 1984; Rieber, 1984; Poul- ton & Tipper, 1991). Its stratigraphical range includes upper part of the Leioceras comptum Zone and lower part of the Ludwigia murchisonae Zone (Contini et al., 1997). Tmetoceras kirki Westermann, 1964 (Fig. 26: 7) 1964 Tmetoceras (Tmetoceras) kirki Westermann; Westermann, p. 437, pl. 72, figs 4-6, ?7, 8-10; text-figs 35, 36 1991 Tmetoceras kirki Westermann, 1964; Poulton & Tipper, p. 28, pl. 2, figs 1-12 Material: Two specimens – K/1 and D/1/87/10b. Dimensions:

No D (mm) H (mm) O (mm) H/D (%) O/D (%) K/1 28 9 12 32 42 D/1/87/10b 19 7 7.5 36 39

Description: Shell evolute, whorl cross-section high-oval, flanks slightly convex. Riblets sharp, radial, slightly bent forward. Faint ventro-lateral nodes, moderately deep ventral furrow. Constrictions very faint. Remarks: Forward bent riblets and faint constrictions in our specimens are characteristic features for Tmetoceras kirki Westermann (see Westermann, 1964). Other morphological features are also consistent with the species listed in synonymy. From T. scissum (Benecke), the species T. kirki Westermann differs in having forward bent radial riblets, fainter ventral furrow and faint constrictions (see Poulton & Tipper, 1991). Occurrence: Specimen K/1 comes from the Krempachy Marl Formation, Czorsztyn Succession, at site 31. Specimen D/1/87/10b comes from the Krempachy Marl Formation, Czertezik Succession, at site 21.

Tmetoceras sp. cf. T. tenue Westermann, 1964 Material: One incomplete, poorly preserved specimen – K/20. Dimensions: No D (mm) H (mm) O (mm) H/D (%) O/D (%) K-20 17 6 7 35 41 AMMONITE FAUNAS AND BIOSTRATIGRAPHY 73

Description and remarks: Small-sized specimen, shell evolute with only partly overlapping whorls. Venter not preserved. Ornamentation in form of strong, sharp, radial riblets deflated slightly backward, denser near aperture. Poorly visible constrictions. Lobe line not preserved. Among ammonites of the genus Tmetoceras from southern Alaska, Wester- mann (1964) distinguished a new subgenus Tmetoceras (Tmetoites) for forms with lappets which he has treated as microconchs of the genus Tmetoceras. His view has been challenged by Poulton & Tipper (1991, p. 27). In Hillebrandt et al. (1992, p. 426) this subgenus is cited as “Tmetoites”. Our specimen shows some similarity to Tmetoceras tenue Westermann of Hille- brandt et al. (1992, p. 426, pl. 23, fig. 6a-c), however poor state of preservation precludes its specific determination. Occurrence: Our specimen comes from the Krempachy Marl Formation, Czorsztyn Succession, at site 31.

The species Tmetoceras tenue Westermann occurs in the Aalenian of southern Alaska (Westermann, 1964).

Family Graphoceratidae Buckman, 1905 Subfamily Leioceratinae Spath, 1936 Genus Leioceras Hyatt, 1867 Type species: Nautilus opalinus Reinecke, 1818

Stratum typicum: Opalinum Zone, Opalinum Subzone, Early Aalenian

Ammonites of the family Graphoceratidae Buckman, 1905, usually small-sized, with discoidal shell. Shell cross-section widely-oval in juvenile stage, becoming high-oval with sharpened venter and small keel in mature stage. Ornamentation in form of wavy, bifurcating riblets starting at umbilical margin. Riblets may thicken at points of bifurcation. Ornamentation tends to weaken at younger whorls. Lobe line poorly developed. The genus Leioceras Hyatt, 1867, is known from the Aalenian of Western Europe, the Carpathians and the Caucasus (Arkell, 1957)

Leioceras opalinum (Reinecke, 1818) (Figs 26: 8; 27: 5) 1830 Ammonites primordialis Zieten; Zieten, p. 5, pl. 5, fig. 4 1940 Leioceras opalinum (Reinecke); Gérard & Bichelonne, p. 48, pl. 26, figs 4, 4’ 1961 Leioceras opalinum (Reinecke); Krimholz, p. 78, pl. 5, figs 1, 2 1963 Leioceras opalinum (Reinecke); Rieber, p. 31, pl. 8, figs 11-3; text-figs 13q, 16s, t; with synonymy 1973 Leioceras opalinum (Reinecke); Myczyñski, p. 66 (part), pl. 3, fig. 6; pl. 4, figs 3, 4 (non fig. 1 = Leioceras lineatum Buckman, 1899), macroconch 1981 Leioceras opalinum (Reinecke); Wierzbowski et al., p. 214, pl. 3, figs 3-5; pl. 4, figs 3, 4; text-fig. 4 1985 Leioceras opalinum (Reinecke); Schlegelmilch, p. 50, pl. 9, fig. 14 1987 Leioceas opalinum (Reinecke); Goy & Ureta, p. 216, pl. 1, figs 1-13; text-figs 2, 3 74 R. MYCZYÑSKI

Diagnosis: Shell small-sized, discoidal. Whorl sides sligtly convex. Venter narrow, pointed. Umbilicus wide, shallow. Ornamentation consists of numerous thin wavy riblets. Material: Twelve, variably preserved specimens: Mc-1/48; Mc-2/48; Mc-3/48; Mc-4/48; Mc-5/48; Mc-6/48; Mc-7/48; Mc-2/46; Mc-1/49; Mc-1/31b; Mc-1/50; LW-3. Dimensions: No D (mm) H (mm) O (mm) H/D (%) O/D (%) Mc-1/48 34 16 9 47 26 Mc-2/48 – 11 – – – Mc-3/48 – 12 – – – Mc-4/48 37 – 10 – 27 Mc-5/48 – 19 – – – Mc-6/48 – 13 – – – Mc-7/48 30 14 6 46 20 Mc-2/46 32 17.5 7 54 22 Mc-1/49 12 5 Mc-1/31b 16.5 9 4 54 24 Mc-1/50 – 21 – – – LW-3 41 20 9 48 22

Description: Shells moderately involute, whorl cross-sections high-oval. Flanks slightly convex. Venter narrow, with keel. Umbilicus moderately wide. Umbilicus wall oblique, umbilical area surrounded by small depression. Ornamentation in form of faint wavy riblets. Remarks: Shell shape and ornamentation of our specimens are consistent with those of Leioceras opalinum (Reinecke), as cited in the synonymy. Specimens Mc-1/48 and Mc-4/48 have slightly wider umbilicus, that makes them resemble L. comptum (Reinecke); delicate ribbing of these specimens indicates, however, that they belong to L. opalinum (Reinecke, 1818). Occurrence: Seven specimens, Mc-1/48 to Mc-7/48, were collected from the Krempachy Marl Formation, Czorsztyn Succession, at site 30. Specimen 2/46 comes from the Krempachy Marl Formation, Czertezik Succession, at site 21. Specimen Mc-1/31b comes from the Krempachy Marl Formation, Czorsztyn Succession, at site 4. Specimen Mc-1/50 comes from the Krempachy Marl Formation, Czorsztyn Succession, at site 1a. Specimen LW-3 comes from an artificial trench at Czorsztyn Castle, north of the main klippe (for location – see Birkenmajer, 1963a): Krempachy Marl Formation, Czorsztyn Succession. The species Leioceras opalinum (Reinecke, 1818) is widely distributed in Europe: e.g., the Pieniny Klippen Belt of Poland (Birkenmajer, 1963a, 1977); Spain (Goy & Ureta, 1987); and France (Mouterde, 1952), and outside Europe. It is an index species for the Early Aalenian Leioceras opalinum Zone (e.g., Contini, 1970). AMMONITE FAUNAS AND BIOSTRATIGRAPHY 75

Leioceras cf. opalinum (Reinecke, 1818) (Fig. 27: 1) Material: Three incomplete specimens – ZA-1/9 (H = c. 9 mm); KrP-4 (H = 16 mm); K-18 (H = 15 mm; O = 6 mm), and several whorl fragments – Mc-4/87/1 (H = 19 mm); Mc-4/87/9; Mc-4/87/7 (H = 52 mm); Mc-4/87/10 (H = 31 mm); FiP-10 (H = 13 mm). Description and remarks: Specimens incomplete showing ornamentation in form of weak wavy riblets which begin at umbilical margin; this feature is characteristic for the species Leioceras opalinum (Reinecke, 1818). However, poor state of preservation precludes exact specific determination of our specimens. Occurrence: Specimen ZA-1/9 comes from the Krempachy Marl Formation,Czorsztyn Succession, at site 33. Specimen KrP-4 comes from the Krempachy Marl Formation, Czorsztyn Succession, at site 30. Specimen K-18 was collected from the Krempachy Marl Formation, Czorsztyn Succession, at site 31. Specimens Mc-4/87/1; Mc-4/87/7; Mc-4/87/9 and Mc-4/87/10 derived from the Krempachy Marl Formation, Czorsztyn Succession, at site 4. Specimen FiP-10 comes from the Podskalnia Shale Member (So³tysia Marlstone Formation), Lower Subtatric Nappe, at site 36.

Leioceras lineatum Buckman, 1899, macroconch (Figs 27: 3, 4; 28: 1) 1888 Leioceras lineatum (Reinecke); Buckman, p. 35, pl. 13, figs 1-3 1908 Harpoceras costula (Reinecke); KuŸniar, p. 80 1923 Lioceras (Cypholioceras) opaliniforme Buckman, 1899; Siemiradzki, p. 21, pl. 2, figs 8,9; pl. 3, fig. 15; pl. 4, fig. 3 1923 ?Lioceras szaflariense (Pusch); Siemiradzki, p. 22, pl. III, fig. 13 (only) 1955 Leioceras lineatum Buckman; Maubeuge, p. 22, pl. 1, fig. 3a, b 1985 Leioceras opalinum lineatum Buckman; Schlegelmilch, p. 50, pl. 9, fig. 15 1987 Leioceras lineatum Buckman, 1899, macroconch; Goy & Ureta, p. 222, pl. 2, figs 1-5; pl. 3, figs 1-6; text-figs 3-5; with synonymy Material: Fifteen nearly complete specimens: ZA-1/1; K-13; Mc-4/50a; Mc-4/50b; CZOR. 1; Mc-7/50; Mc-8/50; K-8; K-10; K-19; D/1/96/18a; D/1/96/21; D/1/96/22; D/1/96/25; D/1/96/26, and six whorl fragments – ZA-1/2; ZA-1/3; Mc-10/50 (H = 19 mm); Mc-11/50 (H = 24 mm) and K-15 (H = 40 mm; O = 14 mm). Dimensions:

No D (mm) H (mm) E (mm) O (mm) H/D (%) ED (%) O/D (%) K-10 32.5 16 – 8 49 – 25 Mc-4/50a 35 19 – 6.5 54 – 18 Mc-4/50b 89 42 – 17 47 – 19 Mc-7/50 39 18 – 8 46 – 20 Mc-1/1 27 14 – 4.5 51 – 16 76 R. MYCZYÑSKI

No D (mm) H (mm) E (mm) O (mm) H/D (%) ED (%) O/D (%) ZA-1/1 49 24 – 9.5 49 – 19 ZA-1/2 – 21 – – – – – K-8 47.5 24 – 11.5 50 – 24 K-13 42 22 – 9 52 – 21 K-19 56 30 – 11 53 – 19 D/1/96/18a 48 27 – 9.5 56 – 19 D/1/96/21 57 30 8 12 52 14 21 D/1/96/22 96 46.5 – 21 48 – 21 D/1/96/25 73 38 14 12 52 19 16 D/1/96/26 68 32 11.5 10.2 47 16 15 CZOR.1 39 16 – 10 41 –

Description: Shells involute, flat high-oval whorl cross-sections, flanks faintly convex. Venter narrow, slightly rounded in mature shell, sharpened at its early stage. Umbilicus moderate-size (19 mm). Umbilical wall oblique to nearly vertical. Umbilical margin rounded. Shallow periumbilical depression at last chamber. Ornamentation consists of moderately strong wavy riblets which fuse near umbilical margin. Riblets well visible on early shell stages only, particularly above umbilical margin. Riblets bend backward sickle-like at mid-whorl height, then turn forward. Lobe line not preserved. Remarks: Our specimens are very similar to Leioceras lineatum Buckman, 1899 (macroconch), and to other species listed in the synonymy. KuŸniar’s (1908, p. 80) specimens determined by him as Harpoceras costula (Reinecke), probably also belong to the species Leioceras lineatum Buckman, 1899. Siemiradzki’s specimens (1923, p. 21, pl. II, figs 8, 9; pl. III, fig. 15; pl. IV, fig. 3) determined as Lioceras (Cypholioceras) opaliniforme Buckman probably also belong here; this is supported by their morphological features and by the fact that Buckman’s taxon has been considered by Goy & Ureta (1987) a synonym of Leioceras lineatum Buckman, 1899. Here also may belong the specimen determined by Siemiradzki (1923) as Lioceras szaflariense (Pusch).

Fig. 27. Aalenian ammonites of the Pieniny Klippen Belt and the Tatra Mts (Lower Subtatric Succession). 1 – Leioceras cf. opalinum (Reinecke), FiP-10, × 1, site 36; 2, 6, 7 – Leioceras comptum (Reinecke) [2 – K-6, × 1.5, site 31; 6 – KB-69, × 1.5, site Buwa³d, Kosarzyska Valley, Krempachy Marl Fm., Niedzica Succession; 7 – K-10, × 1, site 31]; 3, 4 – Leioceras lineatum (Buckman), × 1 [3 – K-8, site 31; 4 – ZA-1/1, site 33]; 5 – Leioceras opalinum (Reinecke), LW-3, × 1, site Czorsztyn Castle, Krempachy Marl Fm., Czorsztyn Succession AMMONITE FAUNAS AND BIOSTRATIGRAPHY 77 78 R. MYCZYÑSKI

Occurrence: Specimens ZA-1; ZA-1/2 and ZA-1/3 come from the Krempachy Marl Formation, Czorsztyn Succession, at site 34. Specimens K-8, K-10, K-13, K-15 and K-19 come from the Krempachy Marl Formation, Czorsztyn Succession, at site 31. Specimens Mc-4/50a; Mc-4/50b; Mc-7/50; Mc-8/50; Mc-10/50 and Mc-11/50 come from the Krempachy Marl Formation, Czorsztyn Succession, at site 1a. Specimens D/1/96/18a; D/1/96/21; D/1/96/22; D/1/96/25; D/1/96/26 come from the Krempachy Marl Formation, Czertezik Succession, at site 21. Specimen Czor.1 comes from the Krempachy Marl Formation, Czorsztyn Succession, at site 33.

The species Leioceras lineatum Buckman occurs in the Early Aalenian Leio- ceras opalinum Zone (see Goy & Ureta, 1987).

Leioceras comptum (Reinecke, 1818) (macro- and microconchs) (Fig. 27: 2, 6, 7) 1923 Lioceras comptum Buckman; Siemiradzki, p. 22, pl. II, fig. 5 1963 Leioceras comptum (Reinecke); Rieber, p. 33, pl. 1, figs 1-9, 14, 15; text-figs 13h-l, 15c, d, o-q, 16m, n, r 1973 Leioceras comptum (Reinecke); Myczyñski, p. 67, pl. IV, fig. 6 1980 Leioceras comptum (Reinecke); Thomel, p. 77, fig. 148 1987 Leioceras comptum (Reinecke); Goy & Ureta, p. 226, pl. 4, figs 1-8; pl. 5, figs 1-7; text-figs 6, 7 1990 Leioceras comptum (Reinecke); Topchishvili, p. 67, pl. 20, figs 4, 5 Material: Specimens K-11; K-3; K-6; K-7; K-10; K-11a; K-12; D/1/87/3; D/1/96/1; D/1/96/4; D/1/96/13; D/96/23; D/96/24; Mc-4/87/12; Mc-6/50; Mc-8/48 an four whorl fragments – ZA-1/4; KB-69 (H = c. 22 mm); D/1/96/9 (H = 7 mm); D/1/96/10 (H = 9 mm) and D/1/96/6 (H = 1 mm). Dimensions: No D (mm) H (mm) E (mm) O (mm) H/D (%) ED (%) O/D (%) K-11 32.5 16 – 6.8 49 – 21 K-3 43 19 – 10 44 – 23 K-6 36 18.5 – 7 51 – 19 K-7 46 23 8 9 50 17 19 K-10 64 31 – 12.5 48 – 19 K-11a 32.5 15 – 8 46 – 24 K-12 46 22 – 9.5 47 – 20 D1/87/3 21 11 – 3.5 52 – 17 D/1/96/4 55 24.5 – 9.5 45 – 17 D/96/23 44 23 – 8 52 – 18 D/96/24 18 9.5 3.5 4 53 19 22 D/1/96/13 35 20 – 6.2 57 – 18 KrP-5 21 10.5 – 5 52 – 23 AMMONITE FAUNAS AND BIOSTRATIGRAPHY 79

No D (mm) H (mm) E (mm) O (mm) H/D (%) ED (%) O/D (%) Mc-4/87/11 18 9 – 4 50 – 22 Mc-4/87/12 24 12 – 4.5 50 – 18 Mc-6/50 16 8 – 3 50 – 18 Mc-8/48 60 29 – 15 48 25 Description: Shell involute, whorl cross-section flattened high-oval, flanks slightly convex. Venter marrow, pointed, with small keel present in earlier shell stages. Umbilicus moderately wide. At living chamber occurs moderately deep periumbilical depression. Ornamentation consists of wavy riblets, well visible at earlier shell stages only. Riblets beginning at umbilical margin slightly deviate backward, then strongly bend forward in whorl mid-height. Bi- and trifurcating riblets may appear in whorl mid-height. Lobe line not preserved or very poorly preserved. Remarks: Our specimens correspond well with the species Leioceras comptum (Reinecke) as given in the synonymy. From morphologically close species L. lineatum Buckman, 1899 (macroconch – cf. Goy & Ureta, 1987, p. 222, pl. 2, figs 1-5; pl. 3, figs 1-6; text-figs 3-5), our specimens differ in having stronger riblets. Occurrence: Specimens K-11, K-3; K-6; K-7; K-10; K-11a; K-12 come from the Krempachy Marl Formation, Czorsztyn Succession, at site 31. Specimens D/1/87/3; D/1/96/4; D/96/23; D/93/24 and D/1/96/13 come from the Krempachy Marl Formation, Czertezik Succession, at site 21. Specimen ZA-1/4 comes from the Krempachy Marl Formation, Czorsztyn Succession, at site 33. Specimen KB-69 comes from the Krempachy Marl Formation, Niedzica Succession, exposed in a trench at Buwa³d klippe, Kosarzyska Valley near Falsztyn (for map location – see Birkenmajer, 1960; now under water table of artificial lake). Specimens KrP-5 and Mc-8/48 come from the Krempachy Marl Formation, Czorsztyn Succession, at site 30. Specimens Mc-4/87/11 and Mc-4/87/12 come from the Krempachy Marl Formation, Czorsztyn Succession, at site 4. Specimen Mc-6/50 comes from the Krempachy Marl Formation, Czorsztyn Succession, at site 1a.

The species Leioceras comptum (Reinecke) occurs in the Early Aalenian Leio- ceras opalinum Zone, being an index form for the Leioceras comptum Subzone (see Goy & Ureta, 1987).

Leioceras crassicostatum Rieber, 1963 (Fig. 23: 3) 1935 Ludwigia sinon Bayle; Dorn, p. 71, pl. 28, fig. 5 1963 Leioceras crassicostatum Rieber; Rieber, pl. 1, figs 10-13 1969 Leioceras (Cylioceras) crassicostatum Rieber; Contini, p. 22, pl. 2, fig. 9; pl. 9, fig. 5 1987 Leioceras crassicostatum Rieber: Goy & Ureta, p. 233, pl. 5, figs 12, 13 Material: One specimen, KrP-3. 80 R. MYCZYÑSKI

Dimensions:

No D (mm) H (mm) O (mm) H/D (%) O/D (%) KrP-3 23 10 7 43 30

Description: Shell moderately evolute, high-oval whorl cross-section, flanks slightly convex, venter with keel. Ornamentation in form of strong wavy riblets which bifurcate near whorl mid-height. Lobe line not preserved. Remarks: Our specimen agrees with that of Rieber (1963) and other authors as cited in the synonymy. Occurrence: Specimen KrP-3 comes from the Krempachy Marl Formation, Czorsztyn Succession, at site 30.

The species Leioceras crassicostatum Rieber occurs in the Early Aalenian L. opalinum Zone, the L. comptum Subzone (cf. Goy & Ureta, 1987).

Genus Costileioceras Maubeuge, 1950 Type species: Ludwigia sinon Bayle, 1878

Ammonites medium- and large-sized, with discoidal whorl cross-section, with massive high keel. Ornamentation in form of rather strong riblets beginning at umbilical margin. Lobe line well developed

Costileioceras costosum (Quenstedt, 1886) (Fig. 25: 10) 1886 Ammonites opalinus costosus Quenstedt; Quenstedt, p. 447, pl. 55, fig. 20 (lectotype) 1886 Ammonites opalinus costosus Quenstedt; Quenstedt, p. 447, pl. 55, figs 5, 21 1935 Ludwigia costosa Quenstedt; Dorn, p. 68, pl. 14, fig. 4; pl. 23, figs 4, 5; pl. 25, fig. 5; pl. 29, fig. 3 1961 Leioceras costosum (Quenstedt); Krimholz, p. 81, pl. 5, fig. 6a, b 1963 Leioceras costosum (Quenstedt); Rieber, p. 32 1966 Costileioceras costosum (Benecke); Spiegler, p. 35, pl. 1, figs 4a, b, 5; text-figs 20, 21 1973 Costileioceras costosum (Benecke); Myczyñski, p. 68, pl. 4, fig. 5 1985 Leioceras costosum (Benecke); Schlegelmilch, p. 50, pl. 9, fig. 16 1990 Costileioceras costosum (Quenstedt); Topchishvili, p. 68, pl. 20, figs 6-9 Material: Two specimens, D/1/87/6 and D/1/87/8. Dimensions:

No D (mm) H (mm) O (mm) H/D (%) O/D (%) D/1/87/6 28 10 9 35.7 32.1 D/1/87/8 41 19 9 46 22 AMMONITE FAUNAS AND BIOSTRATIGRAPHY 81

Description: Shell flattened, whorls strongly overlappnig, gradually increasing in size. Whorl cross-section high-oval. Maximum whorl width slightly above umbilicus margin. Venter with well marked keel. Umbilicus moderately narrow. Umbi- licus margin convex, umbilicus wall low, narrow. Ornamentation in form of sickle-like riblets beginning slightly above umbilical margin. At the beginning, riblets bend forward, then – in mid-whorl – they bifurcate into secondaries that turn backward, finally they bend forward again and disappear before reaching venter. Remarks: Our specimens agree well with the species Costileioceras costosus (Quenstedt) – as listed in the synonymy. Occurrence: Both specimens come from the Krempachy Marl Formation, Czertezik Succession, site 21.

The species Costileioceras costosum (Quenstedt) is an Aalenian form, ranging up to the upper part of the Middle Aalenian Ludwigia murchisonae Zone (cf. Top - chishvili, 1990, 1998).

Genus Ancolioceras Buckman, 1899 Type species: Ancolioceras substriatum Buckman, 1899

Leioceratinae with high involute whorls. Parallel, flat or only slightly convex flanks. Venter pointed, with keel. Umbilical wall steep. Ornamentation more diversified than in the genus Leioceras. Smooth forms show ornamentation in form of fine striae. Ribbed forms show numerous, fine, regular riblets

Ancolioceras opalinoides (Mayer, 1864) (Fig. 28: 2) 1858 Ammonites murchisonae acutus Quenstedt; Quenstedt, p. 336, pl. 46, fig. 4 (lectotype) 1899 Ancolioceras substriatum Buckman; Buckman, Suppl., p. 48, pl. 6, fig. 1 1963 Staufenia (Costilioceras) opalinoides (Mayer); Rieber, p. 41, pl. 2, figs 11, 14 1969 Ancolioceras opalinoides opalinoides (Mayer); Contini, p. 27, pl. 2, fig. 12; pl. 10, figs 3-5; pl. 24, figs 18, 19, 21 1969 Ancolioceras opalinoides sublaeve (Horn); Contini, p. 28, pl. 10, figs 1, 2 1969 Ancolioceras opalinoides subacutum (Buckman); Contini, p. 28, pl. 2, figs 10-13; pl. 9, fig. 6; pl. 10, figs 6-8; pl. 24, figs 17, 20, 22 1987 Ancolioceras opalinoides (Mayer, 1864); Goy & Ureta, p. 234, pl. 5, fig. 14; with synonymy 1997 Ancolioceras opalinoides (Mayer); Metodiev, p. 23, pl. 5, fig. 1 Material: One nearly complete specimen, preserved as internal mould – K/9, and one whorl fragment – Kp-11. Dimensions:

No D (mm) H (mm) E (mm) O (mm) H/D (%) ED (%) O/D (%) K/9 43 20.4 – 9.6 47 – 22 Kp-11 85 38 19.5 17 45 23 20 82 R. MYCZYÑSKI

Description: Shell involute, discoidal, with slightly convex flanks. Umbilicus narrow, deep. Ornamentation in form of rather strong, wavy riblets which bifurcate slightly above umbilical margin (specimen K/9). Riblets weaken in younger shell stages. Specimen Kp-11 is a fragment of living chamber with nearly smooth flanks. Lobe line not preserved. Remarks: Ornamentation of the species Ancolioceras opalinoides (Mayer), to which our specimens correspond, resembles to some extent that of the species Leioceras comptum (Reinecke) and L. subcostosum Buckman. However, Mayer’s species show more wavy, regularly distributed riblets. Our specimens correspond to the species listed in the synonymy, and to Ancolioceras opalinoides subacutum (Buckman) of Contini (1969). According to Goy & Ureta (1987), both micro- and macroconchs may be distinguished in A. opalinoides (Mayer). Occurrence: Specimen K/9 comes from the Krempachy Marl Formation, Czorsztyn Succession, at site 31. Specimen Kp-11 comes from the Skrzypny Shale Formation, Czorsztyn Succession, at site 16.

The species Ancolioceras opalinoides (Mayer) is known from the upper part of the Middle Aalenian Ludwigia murchisonae Zone (cf. Contini, 1969).

Subfamily Graphoceratinae Buckman, 1905 Genus Ludwigia Bayle, 1878 Type species: Ammonites murchisonae Sowerby, 1829 (according to Arkell – in Arkell et al., 1957)

Rather large-sized ammonites, with flat-parallel or subparallel flanks, with discoidal whorl cross- section. Venter with small keel. Ornamentation in form of strong riblets which bifurcate into secondaries

Ludwigia cf. murchisonae (Sowerby, 1829) (Fig. 31: 1) cf. 1967 Ludwigia murchisonae (Sowerby); Géczy, p. 194, pl. 44, fig. 4; pl. 45, fig. 1?, 2, 4 1969 Ludwigia (Ludwigia) murchisonae murchisonae (Sowerby); Contini, p. 39, pl. 3, fig. 6; pl. 15, fig. 5; with synonymy 1993 Ludwigia murchisonae (Sowerby); Seyed-Emami et al., p. 18, pl. 3, fig. 2 1997 Ludwigia murchisonae (Sowerby); Contini et al., p. 128, pl. 13, fig. 2 Material: Three specimens – Mc-11/27, SB-1, 2. Dimensions:

No D (mm) H (mm) E (mm) O (mm) H/D (%) ED (%) O/D (%) Mc-11/27 16 7.5 – 4.5 47 – 28

Description and remarks: One small-sized specimen – Mc-11/27, and two large-sized whorl fragments – SB-1, SB-2 (macroconch type). High-oval whorl cross-section, slightly pointed at venter. Whorl flanks slightly convex. Umbilical AMMONITE FAUNAS AND BIOSTRATIGRAPHY 83

Fig. 28. Aalenian ammonites of the Pieniny Klippen Belt. 1 – Leioceras lineatum (Buckman), K-10, × 1.5, site 31; 2 – Ancolioceras opalinoides (Mayer), K-10, × 1.2, site 31; 3 – Brasilia cf. bradfordensis (Buckman), Kp-6, × 1, site 16 84 R. MYCZYÑSKI wall subvertical. Umbilicus rather large. Small depression near umbilical margin. Ornamentation in form of moderately strong riblets, best visible near venter margin. Lobe line well developed. Specimen Mc-11/27 is characterized by slightly weaker ornamentation ribbing and by dense, wavy riblets at venter. The general character of ornamentaion, and whorl cross-section are consistent with Ludwigia murchisonae (Sowerby); however fragmentary preservation of the specimens, and small size of specimen Mc-11/27, preclude their exact specific determination. Occurrence: Specimens SB-1, SB-2 derived from the Skrzypny Shale Formation, Branisko Succession, at site 23. Specimen Mc-11/27 comes from the Skrzypny Shale Formation, Niedzica Succession, at site 7.

The species Ludwigia murchisonae (Sowerby) is an index species for the Mid- dle Aalenian Ludwigia murchisonae Zone (cf. Oppel, 1856), and the Ludwigia murchisonae Subzone (Arkell, 1956) of Europe (cf. Sadki, 1996).

Ludwigia crassa Horn, 1909 (Fig. 29: 5) 1886 Ammonites murchisonae obtusus Quenstedt; Quenstedt, p. 469, pl. 58, fig. 10 1963 Ludwigia (Ludwigia) crassa Horn; Rieber, p. 49, pl. 4, figs 7, 8 1967 Ludwigia crassa Horn; Géczy, p. 185, pl. 42, fig. 2; pl. 65, fig. 21 1969 Ludwigia (Ludwigia) crassa Horn; Contini, p. 38, pl. 3, figs 1, 2; pl. 16, figs 4-6; pl. 26, fig. 31 1996 Ludwigia crassa Horn; Sadki, pp. 125, 132 Material: One flattened, however well preserved specimen – FiP-21. Dimensions:

No D (mm) H (mm) O (mm) H/D (%) O/D (%) R/2 r/2 FiP-21 46 18.5 15 40 32 17 20

Description: Shell small-sized, moderately involute, with flattened flanks. Umbi- licus rather wide. Umbilical wall vertical. Ornamentation of internal whorls strong, consisting of radial riblets which bifurcate slightly above umbilical margin. Pointed swells or nodes appear at rib bifurcation. Ornamentation of external whorls consists of strong, radial, single and double riblets, the latter bifurcating at one-third whorl height. Riblets bending forward sickle-like near ventral margin. Lobe line not preserved. Remarks: Flattening of our specimen makes its specific determination difficult. However, character of its ornamentation and mode of coiling are consistent with Ludwigia crassa Horn (Horn, 1909), as listed in the synonymy. Our specimen seems to display features characteristic for both Ludwigia crassa (Horn) and L. haugi (Douvillé). The features characteristic for the former species, AMMONITE FAUNAS AND BIOSTRATIGRAPHY 85 such as slighly narrower umbilicus, and the presence of nodes in early stages of shell growth only, predominante. Occurrence: Our specimen derived from the Podskalnia Shale Member (So³tysia Marlstone Formation), Lower Subtatric Succession, at site 36.

The species Ludwigia crassa Horn occurs in the Ludwigia murchisonae Zone (Oppel, 1856), and the Ludwigia murchisonae Subzone (Arkell, 1956) of the Mid- dle Aalenian (cf. Sadki, 1996).

Ludwigia aff. obtusiformis (Buckman, 1899) (Fig. 34: 2, 3) Material: Two incomplete specimens, Br-17; FiP-24. Dimensions:

No D (mm) H (mm) O (mm) H/D (%) O/D (%) Br-17 60 25 20 41 33 FiP-24 – 20 22 – –

Description and remarks: Shell involute, flattened-oval whorl cross-section. Whorl flanks slightly convex, subparallel. Largest width of whorl slightly above umbilical margin. Umbilicus wide, shallow. Umbilical wall subvertical. Ornamen- tation in form of moderately strong, slightly inflated, slightly wavy riblets that start at umbilical margin. Riblets bifurcate into secondaries below whorl mid-height. Riblets slightly bent forward near ventral margin. Rather frequent single riblets appear between bifurcating ones. Lobe line not preserved. Our specimens resemble: Ludwigia obtusiformis (Buckman) described by Buckman (1899, p. 51, pl. 12, figs 1-3) as Welshia obtusiformis n. sp.; L. obtusiformis (Buckman) of Spiegler (1966, p. 48, pl. 4, figs 1, 2) and Géczy (1967, p. 191, pl. 44, fig. 3; pl. 65, fig. 26); Ludwigia obtusiformis buckmani n. sp. of Géczy (1967, pl. 43, fig. 1; pl. 44, fig. 27, 28); and Ludwigia (Welshia) obtusiformis (Buckman) of Contini (1969, p. 42, pl. 3, fig. 8; pl. 15, fig. 6a, b; pl. 16, fig. 3). Contini et al. (1997) cite this species as Ludwigia obtusiformis (Buckman). Similarities of our specimens to Géczy’s (1967) species consist in shell coiling type, wide umbilicus, riblets shape, and the appearance of single riblets. With re- spect to other forms of Ludwigia obtusiformis (Buckman) cited above, our specimens differ in having weaker ornamentation and less prominent bending of riblets near ventral margin. Occurrence: Specimen Br-17 comes from the Podskalnia Shale Member (So³tysia Marlstone Formation), Lower Subtatric Succession, at site 38. Specimen FiP-24 comes from the Podskalnia Shale Member (So³tysia Marlstone Formation), Lower Subtatric Succession, at site 36. 86 R. MYCZYÑSKI

The species Ludwigia obtusiformis (Buckman) occurs in the Middle Aalenian Ludwigia murchisonae Zone (Sadki, 1996).

Subgenus Pseudographoceras Buckman, 1899 Type species: Pseudographoceras literatum Buckman, 1899

The Buckman’s species includes microconchs of the genus Ludwigia s.l. characterized by strong ornamentation, flattening of sides, and the presence of nodes at early shell stages

Ludwigia (Pseudographoceras) umbilicata (Buckman, 1899) (Figs 34: 1, 3; 35: 1) 1899 Ludwigia umbilicata n. sp.; Buckman, Suppl., p. 61, text-fig. 18 1963 Ludwigia ?umbilicata Buckman; Rieber, p. 53, pl. 7, fig. 6 1969 Ludwigia (Pseudographoceras) umbilicata (Buckman); Contini, p. 59, pl. 4, fig. 10; pl. 17, fig. 7; pl. 22, fig. 16 1985 Ludwigia (Pseudographoceras) umbilicata (Buckman); Schlegelmilch, p. 55, pl. 12, fig. 5 1997 Brasilia umbilicata (Buckman); Contini et al., p. 39 1997 Ludwigia (Pseudographoceras) aff. umbilicata (Buckman); Cassel, p. 294, pl. 8, fig. 4 Material: One nearly complete, flattened specimen – FiP-12, and two incomplete specimens – FiP-18; Br-21. Dimensions:

No D (mm) H (mm) O (mm) H/D (%) O/D (%) FiP-12 45 15 14 33 28 FiP-18 34 12 10 35 29 Br-21 32 – 9 – 28

Description: Small-sized specimens, moderately evolute, flanks slightly convex, shallow and wide umbilicus. Umbilical wall vertical. Ornamentation in form of sharp riblets bifurcating at one-third whorl height, strongly bent backward. Riblets slightly bent forward at ventral margin. Lobe line not preserved. Remarks: Despite flattening, our specimens resemble well the species Ludwigia (Pseudographoceras) umbilicata (Buckman) as cited in the synonymy, and the small-sized forms with fine ornamentation in particular (see Rieber, 1963; Contini, 1969; Schlegelmilch, 1985 – reproduction of Rieber’s specimes; and Cassel, 1997). Contini et al. (1997) attributed the Buckman’s species to the genus Brasilia

Fig. 29. Aalenian ammonites of the Pieniny Klippen Belt and the Tatra Mts (Lower Subtatric Succession). 1 – Brasilia baylei Buckman, ZN-6, x 1, site 25; 2 – Brasilia cf. eschense Maubeuge, ZN-12, × 1, site 25; 3, 6 – Graphoceras rudis (Buckman) [3 – ZN-7, × 1.5, site 25; 6 – Mc-9/29, × 1, site 3]; 4 – Graphoceras cornu Buckman, ZN-13, × 1, site 25; 5 – Ludwigia crassa (Horn), FiP-21, × 1, site 36 AMMONITE FAUNAS AND BIOSTRATIGRAPHY 87 88 R. MYCZYÑSKI AMMONITE FAUNAS AND BIOSTRATIGRAPHY 89

Buckman, 1898. In the present author’s opinion, the coiling type and ornamentation character of this species indicate that it should belong to the genus Ludwigia Bayle, 1878. Occurrence: Specimens FiP-12, FiP-18 come from the Podskalnia Shale Member (So³tysia Marlstone Formation), Lower Subtatric Succession, at site 36. Specimen Br-21 comes from the Podskalnia Shale Member (So³tysia Marlstone Formation), Lower Subtatric Succession, at site 38.

The species Ludwigia (Pseudographoceras) umbilicata (Buckman) occurs in the Aalenian Brasilia bradfordensis Zone (Rieber, 1963).

Ludwigia sp. Material: A dozen or so, poorly preserved specimens – Br-12a (D = ?25 mm); Br-6; Br-7; Mc-4/45 (O = 15 mm); FiP-28 (H = 24 mm); FiP-30; FiP-31 (H = 18). Their morphological features are consistent with the genus Ludwigia Bayle, 1878. Occurrence: Specimen Mc-4/45 comes from the Skrzypny Shale Formation, Niedzica Succession, at site 7. Specimens Br-12a, Br-6 and Br-7 come from the Podskalnia Shale Member (So³tysia Marlstone Formation), Lower Subtatric Succession, at site 38. Specimens FiP-28, FiP-30, FiP-31 come from the Podskalnia Shale Member (So³tysia Marlstone Formation), Lower Subtatric Succession, at site 36.

Genus Brasilia Buckman, 1898 Type species: Leioceras bradfordense Buckman, 1887

Shells involute, discoidal whorl cross-section, subparallel flanks, pointed venter. Ornamentation in form of numerous, moderately strong riblets which either weaken or disappear at living chamber. Riblets weaker than in the genus Ludwigia Bayle, 1878

Brasilia bradfordensis (Buckman, 1881) (Figs 28: 3; 30: 1, 3, 5, 6) 1963 Ludwigia bradfordensis (Buckman); Rieber, pp. 84, 86; text-fig. 22b-c 1966 Brasilia bradfordensis (Buckman); Spiegler, p. 57, pl. 6, fig. 1a-d; text-figs 36, 37 1969 Ludwigia (Brasilia) bradfordensis (Buckman); Contini, p. 45, pl. 3, figs 12-15; pl. 17, figs 1, 3, 4; pl. 19, fig. 3; pl. 24, figs 38, 39; text-fig. 13; with synonymy 1970 Ludwigia (Ludwigia) bradfordensis (Buckman); Fischer, p. 596, pl. 5, fig. 1

Fig. 30. Aalenian ammonites of the Pieniny Klippen Belt. 1, 3, 5, 6 – Brasilia cf. bradfordensis Buckman [1 – CS-1, × 1.5, site 8; 3 – CS-5/9, × 1.5, site 8; 5 – CS-5/3, × 1, site 8; 6 – CS-5/4, × 1.3, site 8]; 2 – Graphoceras decorum Buckman, ZN-2, × 1, site 25; 4, 9 – Brasilia similis Buckman,× 1 [4 – CS-5/17, site 8; 9 – CS-5/12, site 8]; 7 –?Brasilia cf. tutcheri Buckman, CS-5/10, × 1.2, site 8; 8 – Graphoceras cornu (Buckman), KB-64b (plasticine cast), × 1, site: stream west of Hedeki Wierch near Falsztyn, Skrzypny Shale Formation, Branisko Succession; 10 – Brasilia baylei Buckman, Mc-10/29, × 2, site 3 90 R. MYCZYÑSKI

1973 Ludwigia bradfordensis (Buckman); Myczyñski, p. 69; pl. V, fig. 2 1993 Brasilia bradfordensis (Buckman); Seyed-Emami et al., p. 19, pl. 3, fig, 3 1997 Brasilia bradfordensis (Buckman); Sadki, p. 132 1997 Ludwigia (Brasilia) bradfordense (Buckman); Cassel, p. 96 1997 Ludwigia (Brasilia) bradfordensis bradfordensis (Buckman); Metodiev, p. 27, pl. 5, fig. 6 1998 Brasilia bradfordensis (Buckman); Topchishvili et al., p. 296 Material: Three specimens – Kp-6; Mc-3/30; Mc-4/30; eight whorl fragments – CS-5/1 (H = c. 26 mm); CS-5/3 (H = c. 20 mm); CS-5/4 (D = c. 80 mm); Mc-8/47 (D = c. 30 mm); Mc-8/30 (H = 25 mm); KrP-20£; KrP-22£; Mc-8/40 (H = c. 24 mm).

Fig. 31. Aalenian ammonite of the Pieniny Klippen Belt. 1 – Ludwigia cf. murchisonae (Sowerby), Mc-4/40, × 1 (macroconch), site 1b AMMONITE FAUNAS AND BIOSTRATIGRAPHY 91

Fig. 32. Aalenian ammonites of the Pieniny Klippen Belt and the Tatra Mtrs (Lower Subtatric Succession). 1 – Graphoceras cf. limitatum Buckman, ZN-11, × 1, site 25; 2 – Brasilia baylei Buckman, Kp-7, × 1.3, site 17; 3 – Ludwigia aff. obtusiformis (Buckman), FiP-26, × 1, site 36; 4 – Brasilia cf. tutcheri (Buckman), FiP-25, × 1, site 36 92 R. MYCZYÑSKI

Dimensions:

No D (mm) H (mm) O (mm) H/D (%) O/D (%) Kp-6 107 45 28 42 26 Mc-3/30 48 20 15 42 31 Mc-4/30 50 20 13 40 26

Description: Shell involute, discoidal, whorl cross-section high rectangular-oval. Low keel at pointed venter (tectiform-type). Whorls overlap at 3/4 whorl height. Whorl flanks slightly convex, umbilical margin rounded. Umbilical wall oblique, umbilicus wide, concave (step-like). Ornamentation in form of generally strong wavy riblets which start at umbilical margin. Riblets bifurcate or trifurcate in second-order ones. Riblets strong on inner whorls, initially with nodes. On outer whorls, ornamentation weakens and tends to disappear. Body chamber smooth, begins at half of the last whorl. Remarks: Our specimens correspond well to Brasilia bradfordensis (Buckman) as presented in the synonymy. Some doubts may refer to incomplete and poorly preserved specimens. However, their ornamentation in form of strong bifurcating and trifurcating riblets, characteristic for B. bradfordensis (Buckman), allows to distinguish them from other species of the genus Brasilia Buckman, and from the species Ludwigia murchisonae (Sowerby). Riblets strongly bent in mid-height of whorl flank which straighten near ventral margin, as observed in specimen Mc-8/40, make it resemble Ludwigia (Brasilia) bradfordensis reflua (Buckman) of Contini (1969, pl. 9, fig. 3). Occurrence: Specimens CS-5/1, 5/3 and 5/4 come from the Krempachy Marl Formation, Niedzica Succession (about 3.5 m below its contact with the Skrzypny Shale Formation), at site 8. Specimen Kp-6 comes from the Skrzypny Shale Formation, Czorsztyn Succession, at site 16. Specimens Mc-3/30 and 4/30 come from the Skrzypny Shale Formation, Branisko Succession, at site 23. Specimens KrP-20£ and 22£ come from the Skrzypny Shale Formation, Czorsztyn Succession, at site 30. Specimens Mc-8/40 and 8/47 come from the Skrzypny Shale Formation, Czorsztyn Succession, at site 16. Brasilia bradfordensis (Buckman) is known from the Middle Aalenian Brasilia bradfordensis Subzone (Arkell, 1956) of the Brasilia bradfordensis Zone of Europe and North Africa (High Atlas) – see Sadki (1996), Fernández-López et al. (1996), Contini et al. (1997).

Fig. 33. Aalenian and Bajocian ammonites of the Pieniny Klippen Belt and the Tatra Mts (Lower Subtatric Succession). 1 – Graphoceras concavum (Sowerby), FiP-16, × 1, site 36; 2 – Sonninia (Euhoploceras) cf. polyacantha (Waagen), Br/b-3, × 1, site 38d; 3, 5 – Graphoceras cornu (Buckman) [3 – Br/2a-1, × 1.2, site 39a; 5 – FiP-19, × 1.2, site 36]; 4 – Graphoceras decorum Buckman, ZN-2, × 2, site 25; 6 – Graphoceras cf. limitatum Buckman, FiP-8, × 1.2, site 36 AMMONITE FAUNAS AND BIOSTRATIGRAPHY 93 94 R. MYCZYÑSKI

Brasilia baylei Buckman, 1887 (Figs 29: 1; 30: 10) 1887 Ludwigia murchisonae var. baylii Buckman; Buckman, p. 18, pl. 3, figs 6, 7 1967 Ludwigia baylii (Buckman); Géczy, p. 213, pl. 50, fig. 5; pl. 65, fig. 54 1969 Ludwigia (Brasilia) bradfordensis baylei (Buckman), microconch; Contini, p. 47, pl. 17, fig. 2; with synonymy 1970 Ludwigia (Ludwigia) baylii Buckman; Fischer, pp. 595-596, pl. 6, fig. 1 1996 Brasilia baylei (Buckman); Sadki, p. 126 1997 Brasilia baylei (Buckman); Contini et al., p. 39 Material: One nearly complete specimen, ZN-6, two incomplete specimens – Kp-7; Mc-10/29. Dimensions:

No D (mm) H (mm) O (mm) H/D (%) O/D (%) ZN-6 67 31 19 46 28 Kp-7 82 34 – 17 41 Mc-10/29 – 8 5.5 4 –

Description: Shell involute, discoidal, whorl cross-section high-flattened oval. Whorl flanks rather strongly flattened, nearly subparallel. Maximum width slightly below mid-whorl. Slight periumbilical depression appears at half of the body chamber above dorsal margin. Umbilical wall nearly vertical. Umbilicus wide, rather deep. Ornamentation in form of not too strong, wavy riblets that begin at umbilical margin. Riblets bifurcate or trifurcate at whorl mid-height. Single riblets occur between secondaries. Ornamentation thickens, then gradually disappears, beginning from half of the last whorl. Lobe line not preserved. Remarks: Our specimens are consistent with descriptions and illustrations of Brasilia baylei (Buckman) as cited in the synonymy, and with the specimen of Contini (1969, pl. 17, fig. 2) in particular. Occurrence: Specimen ZN-6 comes from the Skrzypny Shale Formation, Branisko Succession, at site 25. Specimen Kp-7 comes from the Skrzypny Shale Formation, Czorsztyn Succession, at site 16. Specimen Mc-10/29 comes from the Skrzypny Shale Formation, Niedzica Succession, at site 3.

The species Brasilia baylei (Buckman) occurs in the Aalenian Ludigia murchisonae Zone and the Brasilia bradfordensis Subzone.

Fig. 34. Aalenian and Bajocian ammonites of the Pieniny Klippen Belt and the Tatra Mts (Lower Subtatric Succession). 1, 3 – Ludwigia (Pseudographoceras) umbilicata (Buckman), × 1.5 [1 – FiP-12, site 36; 3 – FiP-18, site 36]; 2, 4 – Ludwigia aff. obtusiformis (Buckman), × 1 [2 – Br-17, site 38d; 4 – FiP-24, site 36]; 5 – Graphoceras aff. cornu Buckman, Mc-11/27, × 1.5, site 7; 6 – Planammatoceras planisigne (Vacek), × 1; HW-1, site: Czorsztyn, Krempachy Marl Fm., Czorsztyn Succession AMMONITE FAUNAS AND BIOSTRATIGRAPHY 95 96 R. MYCZYÑSKI AMMONITE FAUNAS AND BIOSTRATIGRAPHY 97

Brasilia similis Buckman, 1889 (Fig. 30: 4, 9) 1904 Brasilia similis Buckman; Buckman, p. 15, figs 1, 2 1967 Ludwigia similis (Buckman); Géczy, p. 21, pl. 52, fig. 3 1969 Ludwigia (Brasilia) similis similis (Buckman), microconch; Contini, p. 48, pl. 4, figs 5-7; pl. 18, figs 3, 4, 6; pl. 24, fig. 42; text-fig. 14 1996 Brasilia similis (Buckman); Sadki, p. 132 1997 Ludwigia (Brasilia) similis (Buckman); Cassel, p. 16, fig. 3 1997 Brasilia similis Buckman; Contini et al., p. 39 1997 Ludwigia (Brasilia) similis (Buckman); Metodiev, p. 28, pl. 6, fig. 3 Material: Specimens Mc-4/40; Mc-5/30; Mc-7/30; Mc-9/30; Mc-14/30; CS-5/12. Dimensions:

No D (mm) H (mm) O (mm) H/D (%) O/D (%) Mc-4/40 120 52 35 45 29 Mc-5/30 35 16 8 45 22 Mc-7/30 – 24 – – – Mc-9/30 – 16 5 – – Mc-14/30 31 14 7 45 22 CS-5/12 – 22 8 – – CS-5/17 20

Description: Shell involute, whorl cross-section discoidal, high. Whorls thickest in mid-height. Whorl flanks parallel. Distrinct periumbilical depression. Venter pointed with keel, particularly well visible at earlier whorls. Ornamentation in form of rather frequent, sickle-like riblets. First-order riblets bend and bifurcate at whorl mid-height. Single riblets very uncommon. Second-order riblets wavy, bending forward near ventral margin. Ornamentation rapidly disappears at 80-mm shell diameter, where it is replaced by numerous striae. Lobe line poorly preserved, being very similar to that of Brasilia bradfordensis (Buckman): the first lobe is bipartite, the first lateral fold is quatripartite; additional folds are tripartite. Remarks: Our specimens correspond very well to the specimens of Brasilia similis Buckman, 1889, as described and illustrated by the authors listed in the synonymy, and by Contini (1969, p. 48, pl. 18, fig. 3, 4) in particular.

Fig. 35 Ammonites and bivalves of the Pieniny Klippen Belt and the Tatra Mts (Lower Subtatric Succesion). 1 – Ludwigia (Pseudographoceras) umbilicata (Buckman), × 1, Br-21, site 38d; 2 – Cadomites (Polyplectites) sp. cf. C. (P.) dorni Roché, × 1, FiP-13, site 36; 4, 7 – Inoceramus (Mytiloceramus) aff. polyplocus Roemer, × 1 [4 – Mc-1/31, site 5; 7 – Cz-2, site: Czorsztyn Castle, Krempachy Marl Fm., Czorsztyn Succession]; Fontannesia concentrica Buckman, × 1, Ba-1, site 39; 5 – Graphoceras aff. cornu Buckman, × 1, FiP-22, site 36; 6 – Bositra buchi (Roemer), × 7, ZN-17, site 25 98 R. MYCZYÑSKI

Occurrence: Specimens CS-5/15 and 5/17 come from the Krempachy Marl Formation, Niedzica Succession, at site 8. Specimen Mc-4/40 comes from the Skrzypny Shale Formation, Czorsztyn Succession, at site 16. Specimens Mc-5/30; Mc-7/30; Mc-9/30; Mc-14/30 come from the Skrzypy Shale Formation, Branisko Succession, at site 23.

The species Brasilia similis Buckman occurs in the Middle Aalenian Ludwigia murchisonae Zone (Oppel, 1856) of Europe.

?Brasilia cf. tutcheri Buckman, 1904 (Fig. 30: 7) cf. 1904 Brasilia tutcheri Buckman, Suppl., p. 83, fig. 44, 45 cf. 1969 Ludwigia (Brasilia) similis tutcheri (Buckman), microconch; Contini, p. 50, pl. 18, fig. 5 cf. 1993 ?Brasilia tutcheri Buckman, 1904; Seyed-Emami et al., p. 19, pl. 2, figs 4, 5 Material: Four incomplete specimens – CS-5/10; CS-5/11 (H = 15 mm); CS-5/12 (H = c. 12 mm); Mc-6/30 (H = 7 mm). Dimensions:

No D (mm) H (mm) O (mm) H/D (%) O/D (%) CS-5/10 43 19 11 44 25

Description and remarks: Specimens with dense ornamentation and weakly convex, nearly flat flanks. Shell widest at whorl mid-height. Venter with distinct keel. Ornamentation in form of dense, moderately strong, wavy riblets. First-order riblets bifurcate above umbilical margin. Bifurcated ribs falcoidal, aproaching ventral margin at low angle. Our specimens show ornamentation typical for the species ?Brasilia tutcheri Buckman, 1904 (see the synonymy). However, taking into account their incomplete preservation, a closer specific determination has not been possible. Generic attribution of the discussed species poses some problems: according to Contini (1969), the Buckman’s species belongs to the genus Ludwigia Bayle and represents a subgenus within the species similis; after Seyed-Emami et al. (1993), characteristic ornamentation of this species (strongly falcoidal riblets) makes it resemble the genus Graphoceras Buckman, 1898, and the species Graphoceras decorum Buckman in particular. Poor preservation of our specimens precludes solv- ing the problem of their generic affinity. Following Seyed-Emami et al. (1993), the present author attributed them to the genus ?Brasilia. Occurrence: Specimens CS-5/10, 5/11 and 5/12 come from the Krempachy Marl Formation, Niedzica Succession, at site 8. Specimen Mc-6/30 comes from the Skrzypny Shale Formation, Branisko Succession, at site 23. The species ?Brasilia tutcheri Buckman occurs in the Aalenian Ludwigia murchisonae Zone (Oppel, 1856) of Europe (Callomon & Chandler, 1994). AMMONITE FAUNAS AND BIOSTRATIGRAPHY 99

Brasilia cf. eschense (Maubeuge, 1950) (Fig. 29: 2) cf. 1950 Ludwigia eschense Maubeuge; Maubeuge, p. 389, pl. 16 Material: One specimen, incompletely preserved as pyritized internal mould, ZN-12. Dimensions:

No D (mm) H (mm) E (mm) O (mm) H/D (%) ED (%) O/D (%) ZN-12 60 28 12.5 13 46 20 21

Description and remarks: Moderate-size specimen, discoidal, with weakly convex flanks. Maximum whorl width at mid-height. Venter narrow, pointed, with small keel. Weak periumbilical depression. Umbilical wall vertical. Umbilicus moderate-size. Ornamentation in form of numerous, moderately strong riblets. They bifurcate or trifurcate slightly below whorl mid-height. Second-order riblets continue up to ventral margin. Lobe line not preserved. Our specimen corresponds well to the holotype of Brasilia eschense (Mau- beuge) as cited in the synonymy. It also corresponds to Contini’s (1969, p. 51, pl. 20, fig. 1) Ludwigia (Brasilia) gigantea (Buckman) morphotype eschense Mau- beuge. However, due to its fragmentary preservation, our specimen has been re- ferred to Maubeuge’s species with reservation. Occurrence: Specimen ZN-12 was collected from the Skrzypny Shale Formation, Branisko Succession, at site 25.

Genus Graphoceras Buckman, 1888 Type species: Lioceras concavum var. v-scriptum Buckman, 1905

Discoidal involute ammonites, with deep umbilicus and subvertical umbilical wall. From the genus Ludwigia they differ in having more pointed whorl cross-section; from the genus Brasilia – in faster growing whorl widths

Graphoceras concavum (Sowerby, 1825) (Fig. 33: 1) 1963 Ludwigia (Graphoceras) concava (Sowerby); Rieber, p. 60, pl. 7, figs 15, 16 1966 Graphoceras concavum (Sowerby); Spiegler, p. 72, pl. 7, figs 1, 2 1967 Graphoceras concavum (Sowerby); Géczy, p. 217, pl. 52, fig. 2; pl. 65, fig. 74 1969 Graphoceras (Graphoceras) concavum (Sowerby); Contini, p. 61, pl. 5, figs 3-6; pl. 21, figs 1-9; pl. 22, figs 1-3; pl. 24, figs 48-51; text-figs 16, 17 1997 Graphoceras concavum (Sowerby); Contini et al., pp. 128-129, pl. 13, fig. 5 Material: One flattened specimen, FiP-16. 100 R. MYCZYÑSKI

Dimensions:

No D (mm) H (mm) O (mm) H/D (%) O/D (%) FiP-16 70 27 18.5 38 26

Description: Shell discoidal, venter pointed with indistinct keel. Umbilical wall vertical. Whorl flanks weakly convex. Umbilicus moderately wide, shallow. Ornamentation in form of rather strong wavy riblets. They bifurcate slightly above umbilical margin, at 1/4 whorl height they bend backward, then slightly wavily bend forward. Riblets weaken considerably at living chamber. Lobe line not preseved. Remarks: Our specimen is consistent with descriptions and illustrations of Gra- phoceras concavum (Sowerby), as listed in the synonymy (see above), and to Contini’s et al. (1997, pl. 13, fig. 6) species in particular. Occurrence: Our specimen comes from the Podskalnia Shale Member (So³tysia Marlstone Formation) – about 70 m from contact of this member with the £omy Limestone Member, Lower Subtatric Succession, at site 36.

The species Graphoceras concavum (Sowerby) is an index taxon for the Late Aalenian Graphoceras concavum Zone, G. concavum Subzone (cf. Contini, 1969; Contini et al., 1997).

Graphoceras decorum Buckman, 1888 (Fig. 33: 4) 1888 Lioceras concavum (Sowerby); Buckman, pl. VIII, figs 3, 4 1904 ?Graphoceras decorum Buckman; Buckman, p. 98, pl. XV, fig. 19 1955 Graphoceras decorum Buckman; Maubeuge, p. 30, pl. 11, fig. 2 1963 Ludwigia concavata var. decora (Buckman); Rieber, p. 60, pl. 7, fig. 9 1969 Graphoceras (Graphoceras) decorum Buckman; Contini, p. 67, pl. V, fig. 10; pl. 22, figs 4, 5; pl. 24, figs 46, 47; text-fig. 18; with synonymy 1997 Graphoceras decorum Buckman; Cassel, p. 168 Material: Two nearly complete, slightly flattened, well preserved specimens – ZN-2; Mc-5/50. Dimensions:

No D (mm) H (mm) O (mm) H/D (%) O/D (%) ZN-2 28 12 7 42 25 Mc-5/50 31.5 15 8 47 25

Description: Shell evolute, discoidal, flanks weakly convex, venter with insigni- ficant keel. Umbilicus shallow, moderately deep. Umbilical margin lowered. Umbilical wall subvertical. Ornamentation in form of numerous, distinct but moderately strong prosoclinal riblets beginning at umbilical margin. Riblets AMMONITE FAUNAS AND BIOSTRATIGRAPHY 101 deviate backward slightly below whorl mid-height, then bifurcate. Bifurcated riblets sickle-like, reaching ventral margin. Remarks: Our specimens correspond well to the species Graphoceras decorum Buckman as listed in the synonymy, and to Contini’s (1969, p. 67, pl. 22, figs 4, 5) species G. (G.) decorum Buckman, in particular. Occurrence: Specimen ZN-2 comes from the Skrzypny Shale Formation, Branisko Succession, at site 26. Specimen Mc-5/50 comes from the Skrzypny Shale Formation, Czorsztyn Succession, at site 1b.

The species Graphoceras decorum Buckman occurs in the Late Aalenian Gra- phoceras concavum Subzone, G. concavum Zone of Europe (cf. Contini et al., 1997, p. 68).

Graphoceras rudis (Buckman, 1889) emend. (Fig. 29: 3, 6) 1889 Ludwigia rudis Buckman; Buckman, pl. XV, figs 11-13 1904 Ludwigella rudis Buckman; Buckman, p. 85, fig. 47 1904 Ludwigella impolita; Buckman, p. 85, pl. 19, figs 25-27 1904 Ludwigella flexilis Buckman; Buckman, p. 88, pl. 19, figs 28-30 1904 Ludwigella rugosa Buckman; Buckman, p. 90, pl. 20, figs 34-36 1961 Ludwigia rudis Buckman; Krimholz, p. 93, pl. 5, figs 15, 16 1963 Ludwigia (Ludwigella) impolita Buckman; Rieber, pl. 7, figs 21, 22 1963 Ludwigia (Ludwigella) rudis? Buckman; Rieber, p. 7, fig. 10 1963 Ludwigia (Ludwigella) cf. rudis Buckman; Rieber, pl. 7, fig. 11 1966 Graphoceras rudis (Buckman); Spiegler, pl. 7, fig. 4a, b 1969 Graphoceras (Ludwigella) rudis (Buckman); Contini, p. 71, pl. 5, fig. 7; pl. 22, figs 6-12; pl. 24, figs 52, 53; text-fig. 19; with synonymy 1996 Ludwigella rudis (Buckman); Sadki, p. 97 1997 Ludwigella rudis (Buckman); Cassel, p. 242 1997 Graphoceras rudis (Buckman); Contini et al., p. 39 Material: Four well preserved specimens, KrP-3; ZN-7; ZN-10; Mc-9/29, one poorer preserved specimen Mc-1/2. Dimensions:

No D (mm) H (mm) E (mm) O (mm) H/D (%) ED (%) O/D (%) KrP-3 24 10 – 7.5 41 – 31.2 ZN-7 36 16 – 12 44 – 33 ZN-10 16 7 5 6 43 31 37 Mc-9/29 25 10 ? 7 7.9 40 ? 28 31.6 Mc-1/2 23 9.5 – 8 41 – 34

Description: Specimens evolute, high-oval whorl cross-section, flanks weakly convex. Umbilical wall subvertical. Umbilicus wide, rather deep. Ornamentation in form of strong wavy riblets beginning at umbilical margin. Riblets bifurcate and 102 R. MYCZYÑSKI strongly turn backward at whorl mid-height, then – near ventral margin, they slightly turn forwards. Lobe line not preserved. Remarks: With their dimensions, shell shape and ornamentation, our specimens correspond well to Graphoceras rudis (Buckman) as cited in the synonymy. Occurrence: Specimen KrP comes from an exposure of the Krempachy Marl Formation, Czorsztyn Succession, at site 30. Specimens ZN-7 and ZN-10 come from the Skrzypny Shale Formation, Branisko Succession, at site 26. Specimen Mc-9/29 comes form the Skrzypny Shale Formation, Niedzica Succession, at site 3. Specimen Mc-1/2 comes from the Skrzypny Shale Formation, Czorsztyn Succession, at site 1b.

The species Graphoceras rudis (Buckman) occurs in the Late Aalenian Gra- phoceras concavum Zone.

Graphoceras cornu (Buckman, 1887) (Figs 29: 4; 30: 8) 1887 Ludwigia cornu Buckman; Buckman, p. 20, pl. IV, figs 1-4, 6 1904 Ludwigella arcitenens Buckman; Buckman, p. 85, fig. 46 1923 Ludwigia (Ludwigella) cornu Buckman; Siemiradzki, p. 17, pl. 2, figs 1, 3, 11 1923 ?Ludwigia (Ludwigella) goralica Neumayr; Siemiradzki, p. 18, pl. 1, figs 13, 15 1969 Graphoceras (Ludwigella) cf. cornu (Buckman); Contini, p. 73, pl. 5, figs 8, 9; pl. 22, figs 13-15, 17; pl. 24, figs 55-57; text-figs 20-23; with synonymy 1985 Leioceras cornu (Buckman); Schlegelmilch, p. 176, pl. 13, fig. 3 1996 Ludwigella cornu (Buckman); Sadki, p. 157, pl. 1, fig. 14 1997 Ludwigella cornu (Buckman); Cassel, p. 242 1997 Graphoceras cornu (Buckman); Contini et al.. p. 39 Material: Five specimens – KB-64; CS-5/9; KB-64b (specimen preserved as external cast); LW-1; ZN-13, and three whorl fragments – Mc-1/3; Mc-2/3; Mc-4/3. Dimensions:

No D (mm) H (mm) E (mm) O (mm) H/D (%) ED (%) O/D (%) KB-64b 25.5 10 8 8.5 39 31 33 CS-5/9 45 18 – 13 40 – 28 KB-64 28 11 6 8 39 21 28 LW-1 38 16.5 9.5 13 43 25 34 ZN-13 37 16 10 10 43 27 27 Mc-1/3 41 18 12 13 43 29 31 Mc-2/3 ? 72 30 ? 17 ? 25 ? 41 ?23 ?34 Mc-4/3 20 8 6 ? 6 40 30 ? 30

Description: Whorls discoidal in cross-section, flanks flat, considerably wide umbilicus. Ornamentation in form of strong and regular, rather infrequent riblets, AMMONITE FAUNAS AND BIOSTRATIGRAPHY 103 beginning at umbilical margin. Riblets bent forward at the beginning, then – slightly below whorl mid-height, they bifurcate into slightly wavy secondaries that approach shell outer margin at nearly right angle. At bifurcation sites, riblets often thicken and sharply protrude. Secondaries sharply bent backwards at wide angle (this is well seen in specimens C-5/9 and KB-64). Venter very narrow, with moderate-size keel. Lobe line not preserved. Remarks: Our specimens correspond well to the species Graphoceras cornu (Buckman) as cited in the synonymy; in case of specimen CS-5/9, they resemble those which have widely spaced riblets, e.g., Contini’s (1969, pl. 22, fig. 15) species determined as Graphoceas (Ludwigella) cornu (Buckman). From Graphoceras rudis Buckman, the species G. cornu (Buckman) differs in having stronger ornamentation, with shorter first-order riblets (cf. Contini, 1969, p. 71, pl. V, fig. 7; pl. XXII, figs 6-12; pl. XXIV, figs 52, 53; text-fig. 19). The specimens described by Siemiradzki (1923, p. 18, pl. I, figs 13, 15) as Lud- wigia (Ludwigella) goralica Neumayr probably also belong to the species Grapho- ceras cornu (Buckman). Occurrence: Specimen KB-64b comes from the Skrzypny Shale Formation, Branisko Succession, exposed in a stream bed west of Hedeki Wierch near Falsztyn (for map location – see Birkenmajer, 1960), together with Ptychophylloceras tatricum (Pusch). Specimen CS-5/9 comes from the highest part of the Krempachy Marl Formation (c. 55 cm below the contact with the Skrzypny Shale Formation), Niedzica Succession, at site 8. Specimen KB-64 comes from the Skrzypny Shale Formation, Niedzica Succession at Szczobiny south of Jaworki (close to thse Cyrœlowe Ska³ki klippes – see Birkenmajer, 1970a, pl. I), site 20. Specimen LW-1 comes from the Skrzypny Shale Formation, Czorsztyn Succession, once exposed in an artificial trench (at depth 6.40 m below the surface) at Czorsztyn Castle hill, north of the main klippe (for site location – see Birkenmajer, 1963a). Specimen ZN-13 comes from the Skrzypny Shale Formation, Branisko Succession, at site 26. Specimens Mc-1/3, 2/3 and 4/4 come from the Skrzypny Shale Formation, Czorsztyn Succession, at site 9.

The species Graphoceras cornu (Buckman) occurs in the Late Aalenian Gra- phoceras concavum Zone of Europe (cf. Contini et al., 1997, p. 39).

Graphoceras aff. cornu (Buckman, 1887) (Figs 33: 3, 5; 34: 5) Material: Three specimens, Br/2a-1; FiP-19; FiP-22. Dimensions:

No D (mm) H (mm) O (mm) H/D (%) O/D (%) R/2 r/2 Br/2a-1 34 14 13 41 38 18 21 FiP-19 34 15 11 44 32 12 19 FiP-22 31 12 13 41 32 11 – 104 R. MYCZYÑSKI

Description and remarks: Small involute ammonites with compressed shell, subrectangular whorl cross-section, flattened whorls, wide and shallow umbilicus. Venter narrow. Ornamentation consists of not very prominent ribs (about 19–21 secondaries at whorl half). Inter-rib spaces deep, twice wider than ribs. Primaries short, sloping forward at the last whorl. They curve backward and bifurcate in middle part at the flanks. Ribs disappear near the aperture. Aperture with lappets. Our specimens are similar to the species Graphoceras cornu (Buckman) described as Ludwigella arcitenens Buckman (Buckman, 1904, p. 85, fig. 46) and to the specimens determined as: Graphoceras (Ludwigella) cf. cornu (Buckman) by Contini (1969, p. 73, pl. 5, figs 8, 9; pl. 22, figs 13-15, 17; pl. 24, figs 55-57; text-figs 20-23) and, in particular, to G. (L.) cornu (Buckman) morphotype arctienens (Con- tini, 1969, pl. 22, fig. 17); Ludwigella cornu (Buckman) by Sadki (1996, p. 157, pl. 1, fig. 14); and G. (L.) cornu (Buckman) by Schlegelmilch (1985, p. 176, pl. 13, fig. 3). These forms represent the Ludwigella arcitenens morphotype of Buckman (1904, p. 85, fig. 46) which, later, has been considered a synonym of the species Graphoceras cornu (Buckman) – see Contini (1969, p. 73). From the above morphotype, our specimens differ in having slightly stronger, less wavy riblets. From other morphotypes of the Buckman’s species, our specimens differ in having wider umbilicus and low whorls. The specimen described by Buckman (1889) as Graphoceras robustum (see Buckman, 1904, p. 95, pl. 15, figs 9-11) is similar to our specimens, however it differs in stronger ornamentation and low wide umbilicus. The Buckman’s species Graphoceras robustum was classified as Dissoroceras lucyi (Buckman) by Spiegler (1996, p. 80). Contini (1969) cited this species as a Graphoceras similar to the Graphoceras concavum group. Occurrence: Specimen Br/21-1 was found in the Podskalnia Shale Member (So³tysia Marlstone Formation), Lower Subtatric Succession, at site 39a. Specimens FiP-19 and 22 come from the Podskalnia Shale Member (So³tysia Marlstone Formation), Lower Subtatric Succession, at site 36.

The species Graphoceras cornu (Buckman) occurs in the Late Aalenian Gra- phoceras concavum Zone of Europe (cf. Contini et al., 1997, p. 39). The species G. robustum Buckman occurs in the G. concavum Zone of England (Buckman, 1904).

Graphoceras cf. limitatum Buckman, 1888 (Figs 32: 1; 33: 6) Material: One specimen – FiP-8, and one fragment of large living chamber – ZN-11. Dimensions:

No D (mm) H (mm) E (mm) O (mm) H/D (%) ED (%) O/D (%) ZN-11 113 ? 60 24 – ? 60 21 – FiP-8 38 22 – 7 57 – 18 AMMONITE FAUNAS AND BIOSTRATIGRAPHY 105

Description and remarks: Specimen ZN-11 represents a half of the last whorl with partly preserved aperture. Cross-section of whorl flattened-oval. Venter pointed. Whorl sides flat, subparallel. Periumbilical depression probably present. Ornamentation consists of numerous wavy riblets, strongest near ventral margin. Riblets poorly visible in periumbilical area. On ventral margin, riblets turn forward and – at very acute angle – approach narrow pointed venter. By its ornamentation, specimen ZN-11 resembles the species Graphoceras limitatum Buckman (Buckman, 1888, pl. 9, fig. 7; pl. 10, figs 7 [holotype] and 8), described as Lioceras concavum var. v-scriptum Buckman = Graphoceras limitatum (Buckman) – see Contini (1969, p. 68, pl. 5, fig. 13; pl. 23, figs 2, 3) and Sadki (1966, p. 156, pl. 1, figs 11-13). The similarity is expressed by the presence of flat whorl flanks, and by characteristic very sharp bending of riblets at ventral side. In- complete state of preservation does not allow to classify our specimen to Buck- man’s species without reservation. Specimen FiP-8 shows moderately strong bifurcating and quatrifurcating riblets. Occurrence: Specimen FiP-8 comes from the Podskalnia Shale Member (So³tysia Marlstone Formation), Lower Subtatric Succession, at site 36. Specimen ZN-11 comes from the Skrzypny Shale Formation, Branisko Succession, at site 26.

The species Graphoceras limitatum Buckman ranges from the Late Aalenian Graphoceras concavum Zone to base of the Early Bajocian Hyperlioceras discites Zone (see Sadki, 1966; Contini et al., 1997).

Suborder Ammonitina Hyatt, 1889 Superfamily Hammatocerataceae Buckman, 1887 Family Hammatoceratidae Buckman, 1887 (sensu Schindewolf, 1964) Subfamily Hammatoceratinae Buckman, 1887 Genus Planammatoceras Buckman, 1922 Subgenus Planammatoceras Buckman, 1922 Type species: Planammatoceras planiforme Buckman, 1922

The genus Planammatoceras Buckman, 1922, includes ammonites, previously attributed to the genus Hammatoceras Hyatt, 1867, characterized by wavy riblets and lack of nodes

Planammatoceras (Planammatoceras) planisigne (Vacek, 1886) (Fig. 34: 6) 1886 Hammatoceras planisigne n. sp.; Vacek, p. 89, pl. 13, figs 1-6 1966 Hammatoceras planisigne Vacek; Géczy, p. 58, pl. 11, figs 1-3; pl. 39, figs 3, 4; pl. 41, fig. 7 1984 Planammatoceras (Planammatoceras) planisigne (Vacek); Riccardi & Westermann, p. 365; with synonymy 1994 Planammatoceras planisigne (Vacek); Callomon & Chandler, p. 25, pl. 4, fig. 1 106 R. MYCZYÑSKI

Material: One specimen, HW-1 (preserved as external impression). Dimensions:

No D (mm) H (mm) O (mm) H/D (%) O/D (%) HW-1 57 24 21 42 36

Description: Shell involute showing a considerable increase of height from a half of the last chamber. Venter not preserved. Whorl flanks slightly convex. Umbilical margin rounded. Umbilical wall vertical. Umbilicus wide, shallow. Sigmoidal riblets visible at whorl flank: 14 primaries per whorl half. Early whorls with massive riblets, with nodes at bifurcation which appears near whorl mid-height. Riblets weaken, becoming wavy and bifurcated, beginning from a half of the last whorl. Additional riblets scarce. Lobe line not preserved. Remarks: Our specimen, with its dimensions and ornamentation, is consistent with the holotype of Vacek’s species, and other species as listed in the synonymy. Occurrence: Our specimen comes from the Krempachy Marl Formation, Branisko Succession, once exposed at Podubocze Creek east of the Czorsztyn village (now under water table of artificial lake. For full list of ammonite species from this exposure – see Myczyñski 1973).

Planammatoceras (Planammatoceras) planisigne (Vacek) occurs mainly in the Upper Toarcian deposits, but is also known from the Aalenian Opalinum and Mur- chisonae zones (see Géczy, 1966; Riccardi & Westermann, 1984).

Genus Pseudaptetoceras Géczy, 1966 Type species: Harpoceras klimakomphalum Vacek, 1886

The genus Pseudaptetoceras Géczy, 1966, includes macroconchs with graphoceratid ornamentation and whorl cross-section, with hammatoceratid lobe line. Umbilicus wide, strong riblets bifurcating near whorl mid-height, venter pointed with keel

Pseudaptetoceras gr. klimakomphalum (Vacek, 1886) (Fig. 24: 1) Material: One whorl fragment – D/1/96/1. Dimensions: H = 56 (c. 9 first-order riblets and 23 second-order riblets per 1/4 whorl). Description and remarks: Whorl fragment, corresponding to a large shell, some 120 mm in diameter. Whorl sides slightly convex, growing fast in height. Venter with high keel. Thick first-order ribs considerably well visible. At 1/4 whorl height occur bulae from where start numerous nearly straight secondaries best visible near ventro-lateral margin. Riblets slightly bent forward at ventral margin. AMMONITE FAUNAS AND BIOSTRATIGRAPHY 107

The shape and ornamentation of our specimen makes it similar to the species Harpoceras klimakomphalum Vacek, n. sp. (Vacek, 1886, p. 81, pl. 8, figs 16, 17). It was renamed Hammatoceras (Pseudaptetoceras) klimakomphalum (Vacek) by Géczy (1966, p. 78, pl. 19, fig. 2; pl. 40, fig. 11); Planammatoceras (Planammato- ceras) klimakomphalum (Vacek) by Hillebrandt and Westermann (1985, p. 8); Euaptetoceras klimakomphalum (Vacek) by Sadki (1966, pp. 47, 127); and Pseu- daptetoceras klimakomphalum (Vacek) by Rioult et al., (1997, p. 45). Fragmentary preservation of our specimen does not allow its specific determination. With its shape and ornamentation type, our specimen slighty resembles Gruneria aff. bayani (Dumortier) of Gabilly (1975, p. 177, pl. 34, figs 2, 3), from which it differes by a considerably larger diameter and slightly finer riblets at ventro-lateral margin. Gabilly’s species has been chosen as type species for Grun- eria gabillyi nom. nov. by Elmi et al. (1986, p. 99). With its ornamentation, our specimen slightly resembles also Gruneria gruneri (Dumortier) of: Gabilly (1975, p. 174, pl. 36, figs 1, 2; text-figs 118, 119, 123-125); Elmi et al. (1986, p. 98, pl. 2, fig. 8); and Elmi et al. (1997, pl. 11, figs 7, 8). How- ever, our specimen is a fragment of mature shell some 120 mm in diameter, while median diameter of G. gruneri (Dumortier) is barely 22–65 mm (see Gabilly, 1975). Large diameter of our specimen makes it similar to the genus Esericeras Buck- man, 1920; however, the latter genus has much more convex whorl flanks, and weaker ornamentation. Our specimen resembles also Brodieia alticarinata (Merla) = ?Merlaites alticarinatus (Merla, 1933) as determined by Barbera (1967, p. 302, pl. 7, fig. 4). How- ever, Barbera’s species shows weaker keel and more oval whorl cross-section. Moreover, specimens of M. alticarinatus express slower increase in whorl height, and invisible primaries (see Elmi et al., 1986). M. alticarinatus, as illustrated by Elmi et al. (1997, pl. 11, figs 7, 8), is a small specimen as compared with a large one from our collection. Graphoceratid shape and ornamentation of our specimen, and its stratigraphic position (slightly above that of Tmetoceras scissum) allows to clasifiy it to the genus Pseudaptetoceras Géczy, 1966. Its ornamentation makes it most similar to the species Pseudaptetoceras klimakomphalum (Vacek). Occurrence: Our specimen comes from stratigraphically lower part the Krempachy Marl Formation, Czertezik Succession, at site 21.

The species Pseudaptetoceras klimakomphamum (Vacek) occurs in the Late Aalenian Graphoceras concavum Zone (Géczy, 1966), but also in the Early Bajo- cian Hyperlioceras discites Zone (Elmi et al., 1997). The species Gruneria gruneri (Dumortier) occurs in the Late Toarcian Phlyseogrammoceras dispansum Zone (Buckman, 1910), Gruneria gruneri Subzone (Elmi et al., 1997) of Europe. 108 R. MYCZYÑSKI

Superfamily Hildocerataceae Hyatt, 1867 Family Hildoceratidae Hyatt, 1867 Subfamily Grammoceratinae Buckman, 1905 Genus Osperlioceras Krimholz, 1957

Small Late Toarcian ammonites with sigmoidal riblets (Krimholz, 1957). The genus includes 9 species (see Guex, 1975, p. 113)

Osperlioceras cf. reynesi (Monestier, 1921) (Fig. 24: 4, 6) Material: Five specimens – ZA/1-12; ZA-1/15; ZA-1/8; ZA-1/13; ZA-1/14. Dimensions:

No D (mm) H (mm) E (mm) O (mm) H/D (%) ED (%) O/D (%) ZA-1/12 7.5 4 2 4 53 26 53 ZA-1/15 29 13 – 8 45 – 27 ZA-1/8 ? 30 12 – – ? 40 – – ZA-1/13 – 12 – – – – – ZA-1/14 7.5 4 2 4 53 26 53

Description and remarks: Small evolute specimens, flattened oval whorl cross- section, narrow venter. Whorl flanks slightly convex. Umbilicus wide, moderately deep. Umbilical margin steep. Umbilical wall subvertical. Ornamentation in form of slightly wavy riblets. Riblets start at umbilical margin and disappear before reaching ventral margin. Lobe line not preserved. Our specimens resemble Osperlioceras reynesi (Monestier) of Guex (1975, p. 113, pl. 8, fig. 2), form which they differ in having slightly denser ribbing. Occurrence: Our specimens come from the Krempachy Marl Formation, Czorsztyn Succession, at site 33.

The species Osperlioceras reynesi (Monestier) occurs in the Late Toarcian of Europe (Monestier, 1921; Guex, 1975).

Osperioceras alternans (Monestier, 1921) (Fig. 25: 3) 1975 Osperlioceras alternans (Monestier); Guex, p. 113, pl. 8, fig. 3 Material: One specimen – half of last whorl, D/1/96/15. Dimensions:

No D (mm) H (mm) O (mm) H/D (%) O/D (%) D/1/96/15 ? 37.5 ? 17 ? 10 ? 45 27 AMMONITE FAUNAS AND BIOSTRATIGRAPHY 109

Description: Shell discoidal, with slightly convex sides. Whorls widest slightly above umbilical margin. Umbilicus rather wide. Ornamentation in form of rather thick but faintly expressed wavy, rather wide-spaced riblets. Riblets best visible near umbilical margin; there, they slightly deviate forward. At whorl mid-height, riblets slightly turn backward, then turn forward near ventral margin. Remarks: Despite its incompleteness, our specimen corresponds well to the species Osperlioceras alternans (Monestier, 1921) as illustrated by Guex (1975, pl. 8, fig. 3). Occurrence: Our specimen comes from the Krempachy Marl Formation, Czertezik Succession, at site 21.

The species Osperiloceras alterans (Monestier) occurs in Late Toarcian of Europe (Guex, 1975).

Family Sonniniidae Buckman, 1892 Genus Fontannesia Buckman, 1902 Type species: Dumortieria grammoceroides Haug, 1887

Small and medium-sized ammonites with flattened suboval or subrectangular cross-section, evolute or moderately evolute. Ornamentation in form of wavy riblets, usually single, seldom bifurcated. Peristome with lappets

Fontannesia concentrica Buckman, 1905 (Fig. 35: 3) 1905 Fontannesia concentrica n. sp.; Buckman, Suppl., p. 191, pl. 24, figs 5, 6 (holotype) 1985 Fontannesia concentrica Buckman; Fernández-López, pp. 91, 92, pl. 12, fig. 1 Material: One specimen (with lappets), Ba-1. Dimensions:

No D (mm) H (mm) O (mm) H/D (%) O/D (%) R/2 Ba-1 23 8 14 25 43 15

Description: Shell small-sized, evolute and compressed, high-elliptical whorl cross-section, shallow umbilicus, slightly convex flanks. Venter with low keel. Ornamentation consists of simple, not falcoid, strong rursiradiate ribs with wide inter-rib spaces. Remarks: Our specimen corresponds well to the holotype of Fontannesia concentrica Buckman (Buckman, 1905, Suppl., p. 191, pl. 24, figs 5, 6). Occurrence: Our specimen comes from the Podskalnia Shale Member (So³tysia Marlstone Formation), Lower Subtatric Succession, at site 39b. 110 R. MYCZYÑSKI

The species Fontannesia concentrica Buckman occurs in the Hyperlioceras discites Zone of England – see Buckman (1905).

Genus Sonninia Bayle, 1878 Type species: Waagenia propinquans Bayle, 1878

Shells planispiral, with strong ornamentation consisting of strong riblets, with nodes appearing in whorl mid-height. Ornamentation disappears at body chamber

Subgenus Euhoploceras Buckman, 1913 Type-species: Sonninia acanthodes Buckman, 1889

Ammonites with nodes on internal whorls, with rursiradiate ribs (the subgenus was raised to genus rank by Rioult et al., 1997, p. 45)

Sonninia (Euhoploceras) cf. polyacantha (Waagen, 1867) (Fig. 33: 2) Material: One specimen, Brb-3. Dimensions:

No D (mm) H (mm) O (mm) H/D (%) O/D (%) BrB-3 ? 60 c. 18 18 ? 30 ? 30

Description and remarks: Shell small-sized, moderately evolute, with subcircular widely umbilicate whorls, weakly convex venter, moderately strong keel. Orna- mentation of internal whorls consists of poorly marked riblets and small but rather strong nodes which appear in whorl mid-height (about 6 nodes per 1/2 whorl). Nodes not present at outer whorls where ornamentation consists of strong, blunt, slightly wavy rursiradiate riblets (c. 9 riblets per 1/4 whorl). Inter-rib spaces rather wide. Our specimen resembles Sonninia (Euhoploceras) polyacantha (Waagen) as described and illustrated by Dorn (1935, p. 44, pl. 9, fig. 1; pl. 17, fig. 1) and Oechsle (1958, p. 88, pl. 11, figs 1, 4; pl. 15, fig. 3; pl. 17, fig. 3; pl. 18, fig. 2). It also resembles the species Sonninia spinosa Buckman of Dorn (1935, p. 33, pl. 11, fig. 1); Sonninia cf. crassiformis Buckman of Dorn (1935, p. 41, pl. 4, fig. 2); S. mayeri (Waagen) of Dorn (1935, p. 42, pl. 3, fig. 2) and S. costosa (Quienstedt) of Dorn (1935, p. 40, pl. 4, fig. 1). The latter two species have been included to synonymy of Sonninia (Euhoploceras) polyacantha (Waagen) by Oechsle (1958). Our specimen is also similar to Sonninia cf. acanthodes Buckman of Maubeuge (1951, p. 18, pl. 2, fig. 1) and to Sonninia pseudoirregularis n. sp. of Maubeuge (1951, p. 13, pl. 9, fig. 4) both included to Sonninia (Euhoploceras) polyacantha (Waagen) by Oechsle (1958, pp. 88-89). AMMONITE FAUNAS AND BIOSTRATIGRAPHY 111

The species Sonninia (Euhoploceras) polyacantha (Waagen) was considered by Westermann (1966, p. 299) to be a younger synonym of Sonninia adicra (Waagen). However, Schlegelmilch (1985) considers S. polyacantha (Waagen) to be a sepa- rate species. From Sonninia propinquans (Bayle, 1878) our specimen differs in fast progres- sive disappearance of nodes and in considerably rursiradiate ribs at outer whorls. In ornamentation of outer whorls, the specimen Brb-3 from the Tatra Mts, resembles Witchellia cf. crassifalcata Dorn, 1935, of Myczyñski (1973, p. 81, pl. 8, fig. 3), collected from the Harcygrund Shale Formation of the Branisko Succession (Pie- niny Klippen Belt); the latter species has, however, much stronger riblets. Occurrence: Our specimen comes from the Podskalnia Shale Member (So³tysia Marlstone Formation), Lower Subtatric Succession, at site 38d (the specimen was collected from the lowest part of the exposure, from tectonically overturned strata).

The species Sonninia (Euhoploceas) polyacantha (Waagen) occurs in the Early Bajocian (Schlegelmilch, 1985). The species Sonninia adicra (Waagen) occurs in the Early Bajocian Sonninia sowerbyi Zone (Oechsle, 1958). Rioult et al. (1997, p. 45) cite S. (E.) polyacantha (Waagen) from the Early Bajocian Hyperlioceras discites Zone, Hyperlioceras walkeri Subzone of Europe.

Genus Dorsetensia Buckman, 1892 Type species: Ammonites eduardianus d’Orbigny (1846, p. 392, pl. 130, figs 3-5)

Early Bajocian ammonites, occurring from the Sauzei Zone to middle part of the Humphriesianum Zone, seldom to base of the Blagdeni Subzone (Pavia, 1983). They represent macroconchs with discoidal and oxycone shells. Coiling and ornamentation varying: from evolute and ribbed to moderately involute and smooth. Narrow venter with keel, sometimes with lateral furrows. Lobe line simple, poorly differentiated. Microconchs of the genus Dorsetensia belong to the genus Nannina Buckman, 1927 (see Pavia, 1983, p. 62)

Dorsetensia romani (Oppel, 1862) (Fig. 36: 1) 1862 Ammonites Romani n. sp.; Oppel, p. 145, pl. 46, fig. 2 (holotype) 1968 Dorsetensia romani romani (Oppel); Huf, p. 86, pl. 13, fig. 6, pls 14-27; pl. 28, figs 1, 2 1973 Dorsetensia romani romani (Oppel); Myczyñski, p. 83, pl. 9, figs 4, 5 1985 Dorsetensia romani (Oppel); Fernández-López, p. 59, fig. 6B; pl. 10, fig. 4 1994 Nannina romani (Oppel); Fernández-López & Mouterde, p. 128, pl. 1, figs 1-7 1997 Dorsetensia romani (Oppel); Rioult et al., p. 48 Material: Two flattened, incomplete specimens WS-2; Mc-1/51. Dimensions:

No D (mm) H (mm) O (mm) H/D (%) O/D (%) WS-2 ? 47 21 13 ? 44 ? 27 Mc-1/51 73 38 18 52 25 112 R. MYCZYÑSKI

Fig. 36. Aalenian and Bajocian fossils of the Pieniny Klippen Belt. 1 – Dorsetensia romani (Oppel), ×1.5, WS-2, site 22; 2 – Docidoceras (Trilobiticeras) cf. D. (T.) punctum (Vacek),×2, N-1, site 28; 3 – Bositra buchi (Roemer), × 4, FiP-23, site 36; 4 – Emileia (Emileia) cf. polyschides (Waagen), × 1, G-1, site 12; 5 – plant impression, × 1.5, D/1/96/27, site 21; 6 – trace fossil Pascichnia, × 1, D/1/96/28, site 21 AMMONITE FAUNAS AND BIOSTRATIGRAPHY 113

Description: Shell moderate-sized, discoidal, moderately involute coiled. Flanks slightly convex (flattened specimen). Umbilicus rather wide, shallow. Umbilical wall vertical, umbilical margin sharp. Inconspicuous, slightly wavy riblets are marked on flanks. They are subradial at internal whorls, slightly prosoclinal at body chamber, strongly bent forward at venter. Riblets usually single, but riblet clusters occur near umbilical margin. In specimen Mc-1/51, riblets are very weak (nearly striae). Aperture sinusoidal. Lobe line not preserved. Remarks: Our specimens show features typical for Dorsetensia romani (Oppel). These are: shell shape and coiling type, size and shape of umbilicus, character of umbilical margin and characteristic ribbing. Despite flattening and incompleteness, our specimens resemble well the species listed in the synonymy. The species Dorsetensia romani (Oppel) was included to the genus Nannina Buckman, 1927, by Fernández-López and Mouterde (1994). However, Rioult et al. (1997, p. 48) again restored its generic attribution to Dorsetensia Buckman, 1892. Occurrence: Specimen WS-2, together with Calliphylloceras connectens (Zittel) and Dorsetensia cf. edouardiana (d’Orbigny), comes from the Harcygrund Shale Formation (Podzamcze Limestone Formation – according to Prof. K. Birkenmajer, 2004), Pieniny Succession, at site 22. Specimen Mc-1/51 comes from the Harcygrund Shale Formation (Podzamcze Limestone Forma- tion – according to Prof. K. Birkenmajer, 2004), Branisko Succession, at site 10.

The species Dorsetensia romani (Oppel) is an index fossil for the Dorsetensia romani Subzone of the Early Bajocian Stephanoceras humphriesianum Zone (Ri- oult et al., 1997). The species occurs in Early Bajocian strata of the Pieniny Klippen Belt in Poland (Myczyñski, 1973), moreover in France, England and Germany (Fernández-López, 1985).

Dorsetensia sp. cf. D. hannoverana (Hiltermann, 1939) (Fig. 37) Material: One incomplete specimen, WS-7. Dimensions:

No D (mm) H (mm) O (mm) H/D (%) O/D (%) WS-7 14.5 6 4.5 41 31

Description and remarks: Small evolute specimen, whorls fast increasing. Whorl cross-section high-oval, flattened. Flanks slightly convex. Venter narrow, umbilical margin rounded. Umbilicus moderate size. Ornamentation in form of straight radial riblets beginning at umbilical margin. At the beginning of last whorl, riblets become rather strong, showing a tendency to fuse with each other. Riblets weaken beginning from 3/4 of last whorl. Our specimen is consistent with Dorsetensia (Dorsetensia) hannoverana (Hil- termann) of Pavia (1983, p. 6, figs 9 – in particular, and 10). Rather poor state of 114 R. MYCZYÑSKI

Fig. 37. Early Bajocian ammonite: Dorsetensia sp. cf. D. hannoverana (Hiltermann), × 1, WS-7, site 22 preservation of our specimen and its small size, make its specific attribution difficult. Occurrence: Our specimen, together with Calliphylloceras connectens (Zittel), Dorsetensia romani (Oppel) and D. sp. cf. D. edouardiana (d’Orbigny) comes from the Harcygrund Shale Formation (Podzamcze Limestone Formation – according to Prof. K. Birkenmajer, 2004), Pieniny Succession, at site 22.

The species Dorsetensia hannoverana (Hiltermann) occurs in the Early Bajo- cian Dorsetensia romani Subzone, Stephanoceras humphriesianum Zone (see Pavia, 1983). AMMONITE FAUNAS AND BIOSTRATIGRAPHY 115

Dorsetensia sp. cf. D. edouardiana (d’Orbigny, 1846) (Fig. 38) Material: Two incompletely preserved specimens, WS-3; WS-5. Dimensions:

No D (mm) H (mm) O (mm) H/D (%) O/D (%) WS-3 21 9 8 42.8 38 WS-5 ? 20 8 6 ? 40 ? 30

Description and remarks: Small, incomplete specimens (living chambers). Flanks weakly convex. Venter with moderate-size keel. Umbilicus rather wide, shallow. Ornamentation in form of moderately strong, wavy riblets. Riblets usually single, sometimes paired near umbilical margin. Riblets strongly prosoclinal at ventral margin, becoming weaker towards shell aperture. Coiling type and ornamentation of our specimens resemble well the species Dorsetensia edouardiana (d’Orbigny) as presented by Haug (1893, p. 318, pl. 10, fig. 8); Huf (1968, p. 72, pl. 7, figs 6, 7; pl. 8, figs 1-4; pl. 9, fig. 1), and the small-size specimens in particular (see Huf, 1968, pl. 7, figs 6a-d, 7a-d; pl. 8, figs 1a-d, 2a-c; and Fernández-López (1985, p. 57, pl. 10, fig. 1). However, taking into account poor state of preservation of our specimens, their specific determination is doubtful.

Fig. 38. Early Bajocian ammonite: Dorsetensia sp. cf. D. edouardiana (d’Orbigny), × 1, WS-3, site 2 116 R. MYCZYÑSKI

Occurrence: Our specimens were collected together with Calliphylloceras connectens (Zittel), Dorsetensia romani (Oppel) and D. sp. cf. hannoverana (Hiltermann) from the Harcygrund Shale Formation (Podzamcze Limestone Formation – according to Prof. K. Birkenmajer, 2004), Pieniny Succession, at site 22.

The species Dorsetensia edouardiana (d’Orbigny) occurs in the Early Bajocian Stephanoceras humphriesianum Zone: Dorsetensia romani Subzone and Stephanoceras humphriesianum Subzone (see Fernández-López, 1985).

Family Otoitidae Mascke, 1907 Genus Docidoceras Buckman, 1919 Type-species: Docidoceras cylindroides Buckman, 1919

The genus includes subgenera Docidoceras (macroconchs) and Trilobiticeras (microconchs)

Subgenus Trilobiticeras Buckman, 1919 Type-species: Trilobiticeras trilobitoides Buckman, 1919

Small ammonites showing strongly coronoidal cross-section of internal whorls, and rounded cross-section of outer whorls. Aperture with lappets. Ornamentation of internal whorls strong, with first- and second-order riblets, weakening along with shell growth. Nodes may appear at riblet bifurcation sites. Lobe line relatively well developed

Docidoceras (Trilobiticeras) sp. cf. D. (T.) punctum (Vacek, 1886) (Fig. 36: 2) Material: One small pyritized specimen, N-1 (D = 9 mm). Description and remarks: Small specimen, coronoidally coiled. Flattened-ellip- soidal whorl cross-section. Flanks very narrow, venter broad. Riblets rather strong, wavy at narrow flanks and lateral margin; they considerably weaken in middle part of venter. Lack of nodes at riblet bifurcation sites. Characteristic coiling type, ornamentation and strong dorso-ventral flattening of whorls suggest attribution of our specimen to Docidoceras (Trilobiticeras) punctum (Vacek, 1886) – see Vacek (1886, p. 102, pl. 17, figs 12, 13) and Fernández-López (1985, p. 355). However, small diameter and fragmentary preservation of our specimen preclude its specific determination. From morphologically close genera, such as Emileites Buckman, 1927, and Emileia Buckman, 1898, our specimen differs in whorl coiling type and in weakening of ornamentation in middle part of venter. Occurrence: Our specimen comes from a sideritic limestone intercalation, probably belonging to the Skrzypny Shale Formation, Niedzica Succession, at site 28. AMMONITE FAUNAS AND BIOSTRATIGRAPHY 117

The species Docidoceras (Trilobiticeras) punctum (Vacek, 1886) is known from the Late Aalenian Graphoceras concavum Zone and the Early Bajocian Hy- perlioceras discites Zone of Europe (see Fernández-López, 1985). Sadki (1966) reports this species from the Early Bajocian Hyperlioceras discites Zone, Hyperlio- ceras subsectum Subzone only.

Genus Emileia Buckman, 1898 Type-species: Ammonites brocchi Sowerby, 1818

Ammonite macroconchs of the subgenus Otoites Mascke, 1907 (see Pavia, 1983; Fernández- López, 1985), characterized by changing whorl cross-section in the course of shell growth. Internal whorls usually dorso-ventrally flattened, outer whorl cross-section more rounded. Ornamentation of riblets stronger at flanks, weaker and more numerous at venter

Emileia (Emileia) cf. polyschides (Waagen, 1867) (Fig. 36: 4) Material: One whorl fragment, G-1 (H = 12 mm). Description and remarks: Our specimen represents a whorl fragment of median size, with oval cross-section, weakly convex flanks and rounded venter. Charac- teristic ornamentation consists of rather long first-order riblets that divide at ventral margin into three or four slightly weaker second-order riblets. With its whorl shape and ornamentation character, our specimen resembles Emileia (Emileia) cf. polyschides (Waagen) as presented by Fernández-López (1985, p. 350, pl. 38, fig. 1; text-figs 39, 40B), Schlegelmilch (1985, pl. 28, fig. 2) and Rioult et al. (1997, pl. 14, fig. 5). However, fragmentary preservation of our specimen precludes its specific determination. Occurrence: Our specimen was collected from the Podzamcze Limestone Formation, Branisko Succession, at site 12.

The species Emileia (Emilaia) polyschides (Waagen) occurs in the Early Bajo- cian Sonninia propinquans Zone (Rioult et al., 1997).

Genus Pleuroceras Hyatt, 1867 Type-species: Ammonites spinatus Bruguière, 1789

Ammonites with subrectangular whorl cross-section, and strong radial riblets that end with nodes or spines. Venter flat, with strong keel, sometimes with lateral furrows

Pleuroceras sp. cf. Pleuroceras solare (Phillips, 1829) Material: Two whorl fragments, Mc-3/87/8; SKA-18. Description and remarks: Specimen Mc-3/87/8 is a whorl fragment showing moderately strong, single radial riblets which slightly thicken and turn forward. 118 R. MYCZYÑSKI

Keel rather high, well marked. The above features make our specimen resemble the species Pleuroceras solare (Phillips) – see Howarth (1958, p. 28, pl. IV, figs 1-7; text-figs 1-17); and Birkenmajer & Myczyñski (1994, p. 234, pl. 1, figs 2, 3, 6, 7; pl. 3, fig. 9). However, poor state of preservation of our specimen makes its specific determination not possible. Specimen SKA-18 is a fragment of external impression, certainly belonging to the genus Pleuroceras Hyatt. It shows the presence of rather strong, nearly straight, single riblets at inner whorls. The specimen is similar to P. solare (Phillips) as presented by Howarth (1958, p. 28, pl. IV, figs 1-7; text-fig. 1-17) and Birkenmajer and Myczyñski (1994, p. 234, pl. 1, figs 2, 3, 6, 7; pl. 3, fig. 9). However, poor state of preservation precludes its specific determination. Occurrence: Specimen Mc-3/87/8 comes from Liassic grey spotty limestones of the Pieniny Succession, exposed below the St. Kinga Chapel (Kaplica œw. Kingi), Pieniny Mts (see Birkenmajer & My- czyñski, 1994). The limestones represent the Spinatum Zone, “Apyrenum” Subzone (Solare Horizon) of Late Pliensbachian age (op. cit., p. 231). Specimen SKA-18 comes from the highest part of the Podspad Marlstone Member (So³tysia Marlstone Formation), Lower Subtatric Succession, at site 37.

Superfamily Stephanocerataceae Neumayr, 1875 Family Stephanoceratidae Neumayr, 1875 Subfamily Stephanoceratinae Neumayr, 1875 Genus Skirroceras Mascke, 1907 Type-species: Ammonites humphresianus macer Quenstedt, 1886

The genus Skirroceras includes large and medium-sized, evolute, serpenticonic Stephano- ceratids. Their ornamentation consists of strong riblets that divide in whorl mid-height into strong primaries and weaker, more numerous secondaries. Well marked nodes occur at riblets’ division. The genus is widely reported from Europe and North America, including Alaska (Imlay, 1973)

Skirroceras sp. cf. Skirroceras macrum (Quenstedt) sensu Buckman, 1921 (Fig. 39) Material: Large shell fragment, GAc-1. Description and remarks: Incomplete specimen of large shell diameter, with suboval whorl cross-section. Ornamentation consists of strong primaries that divide in whorl mid-height into two or three secondaries. Sharp, well developed nodes appear at bifurcation sites. Poor state of preservation of our specimen precludes its exact specific determination. The specimen resembles Skirroceras macrum (Quenstedt, 1886), sensu Buckman, 1921, as described and illustrated by Fernández-López (1985, p. 264, pl. 23, fig. 1). Occurrence: Our specimen comes from the Podzamcze Limestone Branisko Succession, at site 13. AMMONITE FAUNAS AND BIOSTRATIGRAPHY 119

Fig. 39. Early Bajocian ammonite: Skirroceras sp. cf. S. macrum (Quenstedt), × 0.8, Gac-1, site 1

The genus Skirroceras Mascke, 1907, is known from Early Bajocian of West Europe, the Witchellia laeviuscula Zone and the Stephanoceras humphriesianum Zone (Fernández-López, 1985, p. 261). The species Skirroceras macrum (Quen- stedt) sensu Buckman, 1912, determined by Fernández-López (1985, p. 265), oc- curred in the Early Bajocian Otoites sauzei Zone of Spain that corresponds to the Sonninia propinquans Zone of France (cf. Rioult et al., 1997).

Subfamily Cadomitidae Westermann, 1956 Genus Cadomites Munier-Chalmas, 1892 Type-species: Ammonites deslongchampsi d’Orbigny, 1842

The genus includes Late Bajocian to Bathonian Stephanoceratids of large and medium shell size, with coronate whorl cross-section, sharp and dense ornamentation. Ammonites of the genus Cado- mites (macroconch) and subgenus Polyptychites (microconch) represent a dimophic pair. The genus Cadomites Munier-Chalmas, 1892, is widely distributed in Late Bajocian and Bathonian of Europe (Mediterranean province in particular), Madagascar, Asia Minor and America (Riccardi & Wester- mann, 1984; Fernández-López, 1985; Gröschke & Hillebrandt, 1994). Distribution of its subgenus Polyplectites Mascke, 1907, is similar

Subgenus Polyplectites Mascke, 1907 (microconch)

Cadomites (Polyplectites) sp. cf. C. (P.) dorni Roché, 1939 (Fig. 35: 2) Material: One, poorly preserved specimen, FiP-3. Dimensions:

No D (mm) H (mm) E (mm) O (mm) H/D (%) E/D (%) O/D (%) R/2 FiP-3 40 15 17.5 17 37 43 42 24 120 R. MYCZYÑSKI

Description and remarks: Small microconch with relatively wide umbilicus. Whorl cross-section oval, greatest thickness at whorl mid-height. Flanks rather reduced, rounded. Ribbing consists of sharp primaries (24 ribs per half whorl), starting from umbilical wall, inclining slightly forward. Sharp tubercles present at mid-flank. Secondaries not preserved. One constriction appears near aperture. Aperture with lappets. Our specimen undoubtedly belongs to the genus Polyptectites Mascke, 1907, as shown by its shape, whorl cross-section and the presence of sharp tubercles at whorl mid-height. It resembles the species Cadomites (Polyplectites) dorni Roché (cf. Westermann, 1954, pp. 342-344, pl. 32, figs 4a, b; text-figs 143a, b: lectotype; Kopik, 1974, p. 31, pl. 9, figs 2a-d; Fernández-López, 1985, p. 334, pl. 35, fig. 5; text-fig. 37E). From Roché’s species, our specimen differs in having slighly less prominent, denser ornamentation, and more straight primaries. Such features make it closer to Cadomites (Polyplectites) zlatarskii Stephanov as presented by Galácz (1980, p. 76, pl. 16, fig. 6; text-fig. 620), from which it differs in having slightly wider umbilicus and slightly less rounded whorl flanks. Occurrence: Our specimen comes from the £omy Limestone Member (So³tysia Marlstone Formation), Lower Subtatric Succession, at site 36, together with Nannolytoceras tripartitum (Raspail) and Belemnopsis sp. gr. breviformis (Voltz, 1830).

The species Cadomites (Polyplectites) dorni Roché is known from upper part of the Late Bajocian Parkinsonia parkinsoni Zone of Franconia and Normandy (Westermann, 1964; Kopik, 1974). Rioult et al. (1997) report this species from the Early Bajocian Zigzagiceras zigzag Zone of Europe. Cadomites (Polyplectites) sp. cf. C. (P.) zlatarskii Stephanov, 1963, which is close to C. (P.) dorni Roché, was described from the Middle Bathonian Tulites sub- contractus Zone of Bulgaria (Galácz, 1980). It was also found in Late Bathonian of Georgia and the Early Bathonian Zigzagiceras zigzag Zone of Hungary (Galácz, 1980, p. 76).

BIVALVIA

Family Inoceramidae Giebel, 1852 Genus Inoceramus Sowerby, 1814 Subgenus Mytiloceramus Rollier, 1914 Type-species: Inoceramus polyplocus Roemer, 1857

Inoceramus (Mytiloceramus) aff. polyplocus Roemer, 1857 (Fig. 35: 4, 7) aff. 1962 Retroceramus lungershauseni sp. nov.; Koschelkina, p. 66, pl. 9, fig. 1 aff. 1982 Inoceramus (Mytiloceramus) polyplocus Roemer; Crame, p. 558; with synonymy aff. 1992 Mytiloceramus polyplocus (Roemer); Sey & Polubotko, p. 624, pl. 122, fig. 8 AMMONITE FAUNAS AND BIOSTRATIGRAPHY 121

Material: Five specimens preserved as internal moulds, Cz-2; Mc-1/30; Mc-1/31; Mc-1/32; Mc-1/33. Dimensions:

D H L I (LI) DL U/A AA No H/L D/L (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (°) (°) Cz-2 18 75 46 8 – 1.63 0.39 55 ? 70 Mc-1/30 22 ? 60 47 6 ? 65 1.27 0.46 35 80 Mc-1/31 18 78 54 13 82 1.4 0.33 55 80 Mc-1/32 10 33 26 4 35 1.26 0.38 40 70 Mc-1/33 – 46 25 3 – 1.84 – – –

Description: Shell medium-sized, moderately convex, markedly narrowing near apex, widening near ventral margin. Ventral margin wide, rounded. Frontal margin steep, much shorter than rear margin which is rounded and sligtly flattened. Maximum valve length coincides with 1/2 of its height. Apex slightly prosoclinal. Shell surface with straight, compact, not very regular ribs with sharp crests. Distances between ribs widest in shell’s middle, narrowing towards its margins. Remarks: Our specimens resemble the species Inoceramus (Mytiloceramus) polyplocus Roemer as listed in the synonymy, moreover I. (M.) cf. polyplocus Roemer of Poulton (1991, p. 30, pl. 14, figs 24, 25, 28, 29). Occurrence: Specimens Mc-1/30–1/33 come from the Harcygrund Shale Formation attributed to the Magura Succession (Grajcarek Unit – see Birkenmajer, 1970a, pl. I), at site 11. Specimen Cz-2 comes from the Krempachy Marl Formation, Czorsztyn Succession, once exposed in a shaft at Czorsztyn Castle north of the main klippe (for location – see Birkenmajer, 1963a).

The species Inoceramus (Mytiloceramus) polyplocus Roemer is known from Aalenian deposits of Europe and Canada (see Poulton, 1991).

Family ?Posidoniidae Frech, 1909 Genus Bositra De Gregorio, 1886 Type-species: Posidonia ornati Quenstedt, 1851

Bositra buchi (Roemer, 1836) (Figs 35: 6; 36: 3) 1851 Posidonia ornati sp. nov.; Quenstedt, p. 517, pl. 42, fig. 16 1937 Posidonomya alpina Gras; Horwitz, p. 177, pl. 8, fig. 2a, b 1955 Posidonia cf. P. ornata Quenstedt; Imlay, p. 86, pl. 10, fig. 21 1964 Posidonia ornati Quenstedt; Imlay, p. 13, pl. 1, fig. 22 1965 Bositra buchi (Roemer); Jefferies & Minton, p. 156, pl. 19 1973 Bositra buchi (Roemer); Myczyñski, p. 102, pl. 14, fig. 6; pl. 16, fig. 3 122 R. MYCZYÑSKI

1992 Bositra buchi (Roemer); Conti & Monari, p. 196, pl. 1, figs 1-4; pl. 2, figs 3-5; text-fig. 2; with synonymy 1998 Bositra buchi (Roemer); Aberhan, p. 78, pl. 4, figs 11-13; pl. 5, fig. 2 Material: Over ten specimens, preserved predominantly as external moulds: ZN-17; KrP-7£; KrP-21£; KB-67; KB-66; Mc-4-8/29; Kp-10; FiP-23 (L = ?6 mm). Dimensions:

D H L I (LI) DL U/A AA No H/L D/L (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (mm) (°) (°) ZN-17 3.5 5 6 3 5.5 1.2 0.58 191 53 KrP-7£ 3.5 4.1 6 2.9 5.1 0.6 0.42 210 40 KB-66 3 4.5 6 2.9 4.8 0.75 0.54 190 54 KB-67 3 4.2 6 3 4.9 0.7 0.5 215 50 Mc-4- 2.5 4 6.5 3.2 4 0.75 4.5 185 45 8/29 Kp-10 2 4 5.5 3.1 3.1 0.7 4.5 185 45

Description: Shell thin, flattish ovate or subequivalve, umbo low, dorsal margin rounded. Ornamentation consists of concentric commarginal folds or undulations. Remarks: Our specimens resemble well the species listed in the synonymy. Among our specimens, rounded and laterally elongated forms occur. The latter correspond to Posidonia ornati Quenstedt from Callovian–Oxfordian of East Oregon, as presented by Imlay (1964, p. D13, pl. 1, fig. 22), moreover to Bositra buchi (Roemer) from Toarcian of British Columbia (see Aberhan, 1998, p. 78. pl. 4, figs 11-13, pl. 5, fig. 2). It should be pointed out, that the species Bositra buchi (Roemer) includes forms with very differentiated shell shape, from rounded to laterally elongated inclusively (see Jefferies & Minton, 1965; Conti & Monari, 1992). Occurrence: Specimen ZN-17 comes from the Skrzypny Shale Formation, Branisko Succession, at site 26. Specimens KrP-7£ and KrP-21£ come from the Skrzypny Shale Formation, Czorsztyn Succe- ssion, at site 30. Specimens KB-67 and KB-66 come from the Skrzypny Shale Formation, Branisko Succession, at site 23. Specimens Mc-4-8/29 come from the Skrzypny Shale Formation, Branisko Succession, at site 7. Specimen Kp-10 comes from the Skrzypny Shale Formation, Czorsztyn Succession, site 16. Specimen FiP-23 comes from the £omy Limestone Member (So³tysia Marlstone Formation), Lower Subtatric Succession, site 36.

The species Bositra buchi (Roemer) (= Posidonia alpina Gras of older papers) occurs in the Upper Toarcian, Aalenian and Bajocian deposits of the Pieniny Klip- pen Belt in Poland (e.g., Horwitz, 1936, 1937, 1963; Birkenmajer, 1958, 1963a, 1977, 1979; Myczyñski, 1973, 1986; Birkenmajer & Myczyñski, 2000; Birkenma- jer & Tyszka, 1996). This species is also known from Upper Pliensbachian and AMMONITE FAUNAS AND BIOSTRATIGRAPHY 123

Toarcian deposits of West Canada (Aberhan, 1998), from Middle Toarcian through Bajocian deposits of Italy (Conti & Monari, 1992) and from Jurassic deposits of Chile (Gröschke & Hillebrandt, 1985, 1994). Mass occurrence of Bositra buchi (Roemer) is characteristic for filament microfacies of the Bajocian and Bathonian deposits of the Pieniny Klippen Belt of Poland (see Myczyñski, 1973; Myczyñski & Wierzbowski, 1994; Tyszka, 1994; Wierz- bowski, 1994).

Acknowledgements

Professor Andrzej Wierzbowski (Department of Geology, Warsaw Uniersity) kindly offered much constructive criticism that helped the author to improve the text of the paper. Professor Krzysztof Birkenmajer (Institute of Geological Sciences, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków) most kindly helped the author with attribution of exposures in the Pieniny Klippen Belt to particular stratigraphic/tectonic succession, and with overall editorial work. Prof. K. Birkenmajer, Prof. L. Mastella (Institute of Geology, Warsaw University), and the late Dr L. Watycha (Polish Geological Institute, Warsaw), supplied the author with their own collections of Jurassic fossils from the Pieniny Klippen Belt of Poland here descibed. Prof. J. Lefeld (Institute of Geological Sciences, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw), Mr A. Iwanow, MSc. (Polish Geolo- gical Institute, Warsaw) most kindly offered their help during the field work in the Tatra Mts. Mr M. Dziewiñski (Institute of Palaeobiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw), and Mrs E. Kowalczyk (Institute of Geological Sciences, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw) kindly offered their technical help with preparation of the illustrations. Last not least, the author is much obliged to the Director of the Polish Tatra National Park who most kindly gave him permission to work in protected areas of the Park.

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