Papers of Kenneth Bancroft Clark
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Kenneth Bancroft Clark A Register of His Papers in the Library of Congress Prepared by Michael Spangler with the assistance of Janish Anderson, Sheila Day, Sherralyn McCoy, Brian McGuire, Susie Moody, Thelma Todd, and Kathy Woodrell Manuscript Division, Library of Congress Washington, D.C. 1994 Contact information: http://lcweb.loc.gov/rr/mss/address.html Finding aid encoded by Library of Congress Manuscript Division, 1997 2004-11-24 converted from EAD 1.0 to EAD 2002 1999 revised to EAD version 1 Collection Summary Title: Papers of Kenneth Bancroft Clark Span Dates: 1897-1994 Bulk Dates: (bulk 1935-1990) ID No.: MSS78303 Creator: Clark, Kenneth Bancroft, 1914- Extent: 168,500 items; 487 containers; 196 linear feet; 1 microfilm reel Language: Collection material in English Repository: Manuscript Division, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. Abstract: Correspondence, memoranda, subject and project files, speeches and writings, transcripts of interviews and testimony, book drafts, minutes, reports, and administrative, academic, and financial records relating to Kenneth Bancroft Clark's career as a psychologist and professor at the City College of New York, his contributions to the African-American civil rights movement and equal educational opportunities, and his various consulting firms, especially Metropolitan Applied Research Center, a group he organized in New York, N.Y., to advocate for the urban poor and disadvantaged. Selected Search Terms The following terms have been used to index the description of this collection in the Library's online catalog. They are grouped by name of person or organization, by subject or location, and by occupation and listed alphabetically therein. Names: Clark, Kenneth Bancroft, 1914- Allport, Gordon W. (Gordon Willard), 1897-1967–Correspondence Brown, Oliver, 1918- –Trials, litigation, etc. Clark, Mamie Phipps Delany, Hubert T.–Correspondence Garvey, Marcus, 1887-1940 Klineberg, Otto, 1899- McClung, Alfred Lee–Correspondence Murphy, Gardner, 1895- –Correspondence Randolph, A. Philip (Asa Philip), 1889- –Correspondence Redding, Louis L.–Correspondence Waring, Elizabeth–Correspondence Topeka (Kan.). Board of Education–Trials, litigation, etc. City University of New York. City College–Faculty HARYOU (Organization) Intergroup Committee on New York's Public Schools Metropolitan Applied Research Center National Association for the Advancement of Colored People National Child Labor Committee (U.S.) National Scholarship Service and Fund for Negro Students Northside Center for Child Development Society for the Psychological Study of Social Issues Universal Negro Improvement Association Mid-century White House Conference on Children and Youth (1950 : Washington, D.C.) Subjects: African Americans–Civil rights African Americans–Scholarships, fellowships, etc. African Americans–Societies, etc. Child development Child labor Children with social disabilities Discrimination in education Papers of Kenneth Bancroft Clark 2 Poor–New York (State)–New York Psychology–Research Psychology–Societies, etc. Public schools–New York (State)–New York Race discrimination–Psychological effects Riots–New York (State)–New York School integration School integration–Arkansas–Little Rock Segregation–Psychological effects Youth with social disabilities Harlem (New York, N.Y.)–Social conditions Occupations: Educators Psychologists Administrative Information Provenance: The papers of Kenneth Bancroft Clark, social psychologist, educator, and author, were given by Clark to the Library of Congress in 1973, with additions received through 1995. Processing History: A description of the Clark Papers appears in Library of Congress Acquisitions: Manuscript Division, 1987, pp. 19-22. Transfers: Items have been transferred from the Manuscript Division to other custodial divisions of the Library. Motion picture films and sound and video recordings have been transferred to the Motion Picture, Broadcasting, and Recorded Sound Division. Most photographs have been transferred to the Prints and Photographs Division. Maps have been transferred to the Geography and Map Division. All transfers are identified inthese divisions as part of the Kenneth Bancroft Clark Papers. Copyright Status: Copyright in the unpublished writings of Kenneth B. Clark in these papers and in other collections of papers in the custody of the Library of Congress has been dedicated to the public. Preferred Citation: Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: Container number, Kenneth Bancroft Papers, Manuscript Division, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. Biographical Note Date Event 1914, July 14 Born, Panama Canal Zone 1919 Moved to New York, N.Y., with mother and sister 1931 Naturalized United States citizen 1935 A.B., Howard University, Washington, D.C. 1936 M.S., psychology, Howard University, Washington, D.C. Papers of Kenneth Bancroft Clark 3 1938 Married Mamie Katherine Phipps (died 1983) 1940 Ph.D., experimental psychology, Columbia University, New York, N.Y. 1941-1942 Assistant professor of psychology, Hampton Institute, Hampton, Va. Research psychologist, Office of War Information, Washington, D.C. 1942-1975 Professor of psychology, City College, City University of New York, New York, N.Y. 1946 Cofounder with Mamie Phipps Clark of Northside Center for Child Development, New York, N.Y. 1950 Member, fact finding staff, Mid-Century White House Conference on Children and Youth 1951 Social science consultant, NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund 1954 Research on effects of racial segregation cited by Supreme Court in Brown v. Board of Education decision on school segregation 1955 Published Prejudice and Your Child (Boston: Beacon Press. 151 pp.) 1961 Awarded Spingarn Medal by the NAACP 1961-1967 Consultant, personnel division, State Department 1962-1964 Chairman, board of trustees, Harlem Youth Opportunities Unlimited, New York, N.Y. 1964-1966 Director, Social Dynamics Research Institute, City College, City University of New York, New York, N.Y. 1965 Published Dark Ghetto: Dilemmas of Social Power (New York: Harper and Row, Publishers. 251 pp.) 1966-1986 Member, board of regents, State Education Department, University of the State of New York 1966-1975 President, Metropolitan Applied Research Center, New York, N.Y. 1968 Published with Jeannette Hopkins A Relevant War Against Poverty: A Study of Community Action Programs and Observable Change (New York: Harper & Row, Publishers. 275 pp.) 1968-1975 Member, board of directors, New York State Urban Development Corp. 1970-1971 President, American Psychological Association 1974 Published The Pathos of Power (New York: Harper and Row, Publishers. 188 pp.) 1976-1986 President, Clark, Phipps, Clark & Harris, New York, N.Y. 1986-1994 President, Kenneth B. Clark & Associates, Hastings-On-Hudson, N.Y. Papers of Kenneth Bancroft Clark 4 Scope and Content Note The papers of Kenneth Bancroft Clark (1914- ) span the years 1897-1994, with the bulk of the items concentrated in the period 1935-1990. The collection is sizable and covers the full range of Clark's career. The material is arranged broadly into family papers, professional papers, and records of the Metropolitan Applied Research Center (MARC), a research group headed by Clark and organized to advocate for the urban poor and disadvantaged, and a small group of records of a local New York City division of the Universal Negro Improvement Association. Included are correspondence, memoranda, subject files, speeches and writings, project files, transcripts of interviews and testimony, book drafts, minutes, reports, administrative records, financial records, printed matter, and secondary background material. The Clark Papers provide a comprehensive account of the numerous and significant contributions Clark made to the African- American community's struggle for equal civil rights and improved educational opportunities. As a social psychologist, Clark recognized racial segregation's effects on those who were discriminated against as well as on the morality of those who imposed segregation. Sometimes referred to as an “incorrigible integrationist,” Clark opposed all forms of racial discrimination in his writings, talks, and activities with a wide array of civil rights and community service organizations, antipoverty programs, educational institutions, social action groups, government agencies, and consultantships. The Family Papers are clustered chiefly in the 1930s and 1980s and include correspondence, school and university files, memorabilia, and sundry material relating primarily to immediate family members. Prominent in his correspondence file are numerous letters between Clark and Mamie Phipps Clark from the late 1930s. A separate file pertaining to Mamie Clark includes a small group of her academic and professional papers. A recognized psychologist in her own right, she cofounded with Clark in 1946 the Northside Center for Child Development and served as its director until her retirement in 1980. The School and University File includes a small assortment of their commingled memorabilia from Howard University. The Professional File in the collection reflects the breadth and depth of Clark's public career, except the period of his presidency of Metropolitan Applied Research Center, which is treated separately in the records pertaining to that organization. The General Correspondence and Subject files contained in the Professional File series document the first half of Clark's career from the late 1940s to the mid 1960s.