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Checkpoint History Civics X Answers

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Checkpoint History Civics X Answers Answers of Practice Paper 6 PART I Answer 1. (a) Concurrent List. In case of dispute, will of Union Government will prevail. (b) Three sessions are:- • Budget Session [Feb-May] • Monsoon Session [July-Aug] • Winter Session [Nov-Dec] (c) Term of Lok Sabha is 5 years whereas the term of office of Rajya Sabha is 6 years. But every 2 years, 1/3rd members of Rajya Sabha retire. (d) Leader of the cabinet is Prime Minister. His resignation implies the resignation of whole cabinet. (e) Interpellation is an effective tool as it involves devices such as the “Question hour”, “Calling Attention Notices” and “Half-an-Hour Discussion” which help to seek information from the government about its policies and performances. (f) The ministers are individually responsible to the President, i.e., they hold office during the pleasure of the President and may be dismissed by him, on the advice of the Prime Minister when they may have the confidence of the Legislature. (g) Supreme Court judge shall hold office until he attains the age of 65 years. High Court judge shall hold office until he attains the age of 62 years. They can be removed by the President on the ground of proved misbehavior or incapacity by the process of impeachment. (h) This means that the High Courts and other Courts are bound to give such decisions which are similar to the decisions given by Supreme Court in a similar case. They are not be questioned when they are produced before any Subordinate Courts. (i) Habeas Corpus. (j) COURT OF DISTRICT JUDGE SESSIONS COURT It is the highest civil court of the district. It is highest criminal court of the district. It is presided over by a District Judge. It is presided over by the Session Judge. Answer 2. (a) After the first war of independence, the rule of East India Company ended. This was done by Government of India Act 1858. It transferred the power to govern India from the East India Company to British Crown. (b) Lord Dufferin favoured the formation of Congress as he wanted it to act it as a “safety valve for popular discontent” thereby safeguarding the British interest in India. Practice Paper - 6 (Solved) 1 (c) Social reforms Bipin Chandra Pal fought for, were:- • He opposed the caste system and other rigid rules regarding inter-dining and inter-mixing. • He advocated widow remarriage. (d) Early Nationalist failed in the following ways:- • Their achievements were not satisfactory to the younger element within the Congress. • Their method of constitutional agitation was criticised. • Assertive Nationalist advocated European Revolutionary method to meet British imperialism. • Activities of Early Nationalist were limited to middle class only. • They were loyal to British and relied on their generosity. (e) National education was promoted by Assertive Nationalist in the following way:- • Bengal National College was set up in Kolkata. • Pachaiyappa National College was set up at Chennai. • D.A.V Movement made effort in spreading education through schools and colleges. • National College was set up with Aurobindo Ghosh as its principal. • The National Council of Education was set up in 1906, which later developed into Jadavpur University. (f) WHO’s objective is the attainment of the highest possible level of health by all people. The United Nations International Emergency Fund (UNICEF) was created by the UN General Assembly during its first session in 1946 to help the emergency needs of children in post-war Europe. (g) On August 20, 1917, the Secretary of State Edwin Montague announced August Declaration stating that the policy of the British Government was to develop gradually, Self-Governing Institutions in India. It was declared to pacify Indians as lot of pressure was created on British due to Lucknow Pact. (h) Aims of Nazism were:- • To exalt Nationalism. • To extol war. • To use force and brutality. • To despise Internationalism, Peace and Democracy. (i) The functions of UNESCO in communication are:- • It has set up regional networks, trained technicians and deals with both hardware and software aspects of informatics. • It improves the quality of press, the films and video services. (j) Class conflict increased in many countries after the FWW. The real issue in most parts of continental Europe was whether control of government and economic systems would continue in the possession of aristocracies or it would be in the hands of less privileged 2 Checkpoint History & Civics (ICSE)-X majorities. The common man had been promised, during the War, that he would be rewarded by greater attention to his economic needs. These promises were ignored and the common man was embittered. PART II SECTION A Answer 3. (a) Difference between Money and Non-Money bill • Money Bill deals with financial matter. • Non-Money deals with non-financial matter. • Money Bill can be initiated only in Lok Sabha. • Non-Money bill can be initiated by either of the house. • In Money Bill, Rajya Sabha plays only advisory role, virtually it has no power. • In Non-Money bill, both the houses are kept at equal footing but if there is a deadlock between both the houses then matter will be decided by 2/3rd majority in which Lok Sabha will have greater say due to its numerical strength. (b) The following are the functions of the Speaker with respect to conducting day to day business of the house:- • The Speaker presides over the meetings of the House. All speeches and remarks are addressed to the Speaker. He allots time for discussion. • The Speaker interprets the rule of procedure of the House. His decision in all parliamentary matters is final. • All the bills passed by the house are signed by him and then sent to Rajya Sabha for its consideration or the President for his assent. • The Speaker decides the admissibility of all questions and resolutions. He decides the admissibility of a motion of adjournment. (c) The following are the situation when the Speaker vacant his office:- • Speaker can vacate his office by resigning his post on health or on other grounds by submitting a letter of resignation to the Deputy speaker. • He can also be removed by the Lok Sabha if the majority of the members pass a resolution to this effect. Speaker is elected for the period of 5 years. He remains in office till a new Speaker is elected by the new Lok Sabha in its first meeting. Answer 4. (a) The administrative functions of the cabinet are as follows: • Policy Making: The Cabinet formulates both external and domestic policies of the government. It takes decisions on matters such as defence, economic policy, and Practice Paper - 6 (Solved) 3 formation of New States, industrial policy, imports and electoral reforms. • Implementation of Policies: Once a policy decision is taken by the cabinet on any subject, it is conveyed to the Minister of state and the Deputy Minister of the concerned ministry. They work out the details and pass it to the civil servants under that ministry to implement the decision. In this way, the business of government is managed jointly by the Council of Ministers and the civil servants concerned. • Coordinates the Functioning of Various Ministers: The Cabinet coordinates the working of various departments for the smooth implementation of government policies. Any government policy, be it eradicating unemployment, improving public health services or increase in government revenue, requires involvement of several departments for its formulation and implementation. • Appointment: All major appointments, though made by the President, are decided upon by the Cabinet. Such appointments refer to the appointment of the Judges of the Supreme Court, High Court, Governors of State, Chief election Commission and other dignitaries. (b) COUNCIL OF MINISTER CABINET 1. The Council of Ministers consists of all 1. The Cabinet is a group consisting categories of ministers - Cabinet Ministers, of Senior Ministers holding important Ministers of State and Deputy Minister. portfolios such as Defense, Finance, Home etc. 2. The Prime Minister may or may not 2. They are the most trusted colleagues of consult other Ministers, below the rank of the Prime Ministers. The Prime Minister Cabinet Ministers. always consults them. The decisions of the Cabinet are binding on all the Ministers. 3. In the day to day working of the 3. The Cabinet is a small cohesive group government, the council of Ministers as a of senior Ministers who determine the whole rarely meets. policy and Programme of the government; so they meet as frequently as possible. 4. According to the constitution, the 4. In day-to day governance of the country, President acts on the advice of the council the cabinet advises the President, through of Ministers. In reality, it is not the Council the Prime Minister. of Ministers but the cabinet which advises the President. (c) Individual Responsibility of the Ministers • Each Minister is responsible to the Parliament for his/her department, departure from office policy, for the personal lapse or for failures of departure. • Members of Parliament can question the Ministers regarding the matters related to their department. 4 Checkpoint History & Civics (ICSE)-X • The Ministers are obliged to answer to such questions. Collective Responsibility of Council of Ministers • Parliamentary Democracy is based on the principle of Collective Responsibility. • It means that the Council of Minister as a single body is responsible to the Lok Sabha. • All Ministers work as a team. • If a vote of No-Confidence is passed against One Minister, the whole ministerial team has to resign. Answer 5. (a) Appointment of various judges of Supreme Court: • Judges of Supreme Court are appointed by the President of India in consultation with the judges of Supreme Court and of High Courts besides the Council of Ministers.
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