ZANU W Zimbabwe News : i

Department of Information and Publicity, 14 Austin Road, W orkington, Harare Unity. Peace and Development Volume 24 No. 3/4, 1993, Registered at the G.P.O as a Newspaper 70c (incl. sales tax)

Meet Stella Chiweshe the Mbira Music Quee

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The M u s i Re Zimbabwe News Official organ of ZANU PF

Contents Editorial 2 ’ Letters ...... 3 Home News South Africa’s “Wild” claims refuted ...... 4 Zimbabwean soldiers back home ...... 4 Zimbabwe at 13 ...... 5 Mozambicans visit Zimbabwe ...... 20 Cover Story People meet their President ...... 6 National Issues Land belongs to the tillers ...... 7 Zimbabwe poised for economic growth ...... 8 ZANU PF programme of action for ’93 ...... 10 Primary election or multi-candidacy elections ...... 12 Zimbabwe needs a specific legislation to protect children ...... 13 Foreign News Regional news in brief ...... 14 Climatic change and the poor ...... 14 Tunisia ratifies human rights conventions ...... 14 Russian hands of death in Southern Africa ...... 15 Morocco suspends elections ...... 15 Special Report Pressure mounts for US recognition of Angola ...... 18 Views Post apartheid SA and the SADC economics ...... 21 Test your memory ...... 22 Foundation aids democracy abroad ...... 24 Health Child killer diseases ...... 25 Documents Final communique of the Summit of the Frontline States ...... 27 Arts Stella Chiweshe — Zimbabwe’s Mbira Music Queen ...... 28 Sport Best all-time defender ...... 30 Government urged to assist national soccer ...... 30

The “dream team” makes the dream come true ...... 30 Poetry Despair ...... 31

Suppliers of Comet Trucks, Parts Zimbabwe News is the official Organ of the Zimbabwe African National Union IZANU PF | and is produced on the authority of the Central Committee by the Department and Service of Information and Publicity, Jongwe Printing and Publishing Co., No. 14 Austin Road, W orkington, Harare. W orld Copyright, Central Committee IZANU PF|.

Editorial Council: Cde. N.M. Shamuyarira Cde. C.C. Chimutengwende Cde. C. Leyland (Zimbabwe) Limited Ndhlovu Cde. S. Kachingwe Cde. A. Sikhosana Cde. M. Munyati. Watts Road Phone: 67861 Southerton Telex: 26387 ZW ZIMBABWE NEWS MARCH/APRIL, 1993 1 \

Letters O Editorial worse than loss of life at the hands of Open letter unprofessional men like Dr. McGown. he revelation that Dr. Richard Glad- Ex-combatant well McGown carried unauthorised Highfield Zimbabwe At 13 T anaesthetic experiments on more _____ o ______than 500 unsuspecting patients puts the doctor’s personal integrity in disgrace Tell the truth and the administration of the health Dear Editor, THE strength of our Party, ZANU PF, has been its direct link with the profession is called upon to make a 1 was very disappointed by the non broad masses of our people. That link was first established during the thorough overhaul of its methods and appearance of Oliver Mtukudzi and his band, liberation struggle and has been maintained and consolidated during the styles of work. during the fund raising show for the Nation­ last 13 years of independence. The importance of that link was demon­ al Soccer Team held at Rufaro Stadium in ear­ The unauthorised experiments resulted ly April. If Oliver knew that he had an en­ strated during the severe drought and food shortages of last year, 1992. in the death of at least six patients be­ gagement elsewhere on that day. why did Our people endured many difficulties, and they voiced many justifiable tween May. 1986 and his arrest this he not say so to the press. year. The People’s Voice has carried sto­ complaints, but they kept their faith in the ruling Party and the Govern­ Oliver, you can do better than that. Learn ment. That faith was justified by the efficient organisation of the ries on Dr. McGown’s unprofessional ap­ from Mukanya. elaborate drought relief programme, and the granting of seeds and fer­ proach to the health profession. Music Lover tilisers to peasants for their planting. In recent months, the bond with A Member of Parliament, Mr. Gibson Mufakose the people has been greatly strengthened by the highly successful meet- Munyoro (Makoni South) who sat on the the-people tour of the whole country by the President and First Secre­ Parliamentary Sub committee that in­ _____ o ______Regretting tary, Comrade R.G. Mugabe. The emphasis placed on the inspection vestigated Dr. McGown said the defiant Mr. Big Stuff no past, of development projects in the Provinces has encouraged bureaucrats doctor displayed a nonchalant attitude Dear Editor, no present, and planners to work harder and purposefully. during the course of the interviews. “He When Some people come to Banket on visits no future never moved”, said Cde, Munyoro., “It during weekends, they behave as if they own o For its part, the Government must execute the development projects was as though he was experimenting on the town. They even talk to the locals like efficiently, and at the minimun cost. Any traces of inefficiency and cor­ cats and dogs”, the Member of Parlia­ they have never been to Harare. Gentlemen, Political Maturity ruption by the civil servants or the politicians must be punished promptly ment observed. let us all remember that amongst the peo­ Dear Editor, ple in small towns, there are some who know and severely. The daily newspapers carry far too many stories of mis­ The Drugs and Allied Substances Act re­ all about life in the big cities. Zimbabwe has politically come of age. I want appropriation of funds, and corrupt practices in many institutions. And quires medical practitioners to first seek to take my hat off to Cde. Goodson Masan- all-out efforts must be made by the Party to stamp out tendencies of permission from the Drugs Control Coun­ Bora Pasi go, ZANU PF, and Cde. Joseph Dendere ZUM, this kind. cil before administering any substances Banket for the way they handled themselves and on patients. Dr. McGown did not seek _____ o ______their supporters during the last by-elections such permission. The Drugs Control Be Patriotic in Highfield. The two candidates were seen Council should have a system of Dear Editor, talking and joking. Supporters likewise, min­ monitoring and controlling the activities gled freely and even argued in a friendly I work for a manufacturing company whose manner in the pubs about who was the best of all medical practitioners and other white owners still think they live in Rhode­ candidate. health workers and not just wait for a sia. Whenever they talk to our clients from tragedy like the case of Dr. McGown to South Africa, they never say anything good This is the Zimbabwe we want to see. occur before acting. about Zimbabwe. I call upon the Government Pro-Democracy Regional Peace Efforts not to give too much freedom of speech to Dr. McGown has been practising his ille­ Egypt people like that, who bite the hand that feeds Highfield gal experiments on patients for, at least, them. the past seven years. This is too long a THE Government has endeavoured to bring peace to those countries period for a doctor to put at risk the lives White Zimbabwean, Workington in our region that are experiencing social and.armed conflict. Angola of innocent patients with such impuni­ Harare appears to be facing a long period of armed conflict and civil war ahead. ty and callousness before being arrest­ _____ o ______The man who must be condemned by history, and held directly respon­ ed. How many more other McGowns are sible for all the bloodshed is Dr. Jonas Savimbi, President of UNTTA. destroying Zimbabwean lives without Who is fooling who? Any attempts by this man to secede or divide Angola must be opposed being discovered? Parliament is called Dear Editor by us all. In Mozambique, the RENAMO leadership maybe tempted upon to tighten the relevant laws and What does Mr. Enock Dumbutshena think to follow the bad example of Dr. Savimbi. Recent reports from mere to demand results from the Drugs Con­ he will achieve by dabbling in politics not suggest that the commissions set up to implement me Rome agreement trol Council and the Medical Practition­ only at his age, but also with a group of po­ of October 4, 1992, are not meeting. How can me peace process move ers Council. litical has-beens and opportunists. forward if those supposed to make me peace are not talking to each In the past tne public has, ad nauseam, 1 was in Lusaka, Zambia, and 1 used to see been detractingly propagandised about Mr. Dumbutshena concentrating on his le­ other? The South Africans were plunged into a major crisis last week the “erosion” of their human lives in gal practice and contributing nothing by the assassination of Comrade Chris Thembisile Hani at the hands Zimbabwe by self-styled “human rights” towards the liberation struggle. 1 am sure, of white extremists and white racists. South Africa is both the most vio­ organisations. These organisations are Cde Emmerson Mnangagwa can tell the sto­ lent and racist society in the world today. The governing Nationalist led by self-appointed intellectuals. If the ry better for they once practiced together. Party must take me full responsibility for creating this* kind of society concern of these intellectuals is genuine Now. does Mr. Dumbutshena think this is the Ambuya time for him to contribute his revolutionary by attempting to divide the racial groups over me last 50 years in the protection of human rights, then here is She is slow and old but wise ideas? diabolic scheme of Apartheid. Our Government and others now have an opportunity for them to take up the Letters to the Editor to repair this damage, and promote conditions of peace and humanity. case of the victims of McGown’s illegal Its rather too late and, the people of Zim­ Should be addressed to: actions and effect reparations from babwe are not fools. Zimbabwe ■ News Letters, 144 Union We support their efforts. □ Avenue, Harare: McGown and those who abetted him. Ex-combatant Letters must bear full name and may be editted There is no case of loss of human rights Gwanda for purposes of clarity and space. 2 ZIMBABWE NEWS MARCH/APRIL. 1993 ZIMBABWE NEWS MARCH/APRIL, 1993 Home News Home News

casts. “We have not heard any threat against Zimbabwe recently. The only threat I have South Africa’s so far heard was the one against the homeland of Transkei which is alleged to have military bases for APLA and Umkhon- “wild” claims refuted to We Sizwe.” He added that people in the Zimbabwe at 13 district had confidence in the country’s he Minister of Foreign Affairs, Cde. Na­ legations are repeatedly made is a matter leadership and the capacity of the Zimbabwe he colourful- mass display at the wood for tire-cooking. But, the trees are trained and coached by Mr Fabisch, has than Shamuyarira, has reiterated that of great concern to me. I can’t imagine the National Army to repel any attack. National Sports Stadium in Harare usually cut for constructing cattle kraals scaled to the top of Group with 10 points. there are no military bases for T motive behind these wild accusations,” Cde. on Sunday, April 18, marked the or building houses, but not for firewood. Their performance in Lyon, France, against the Azania People’s Army (APLA) in Zim­ Shamuyarira said. He pointed out that Zim­ The District Administrator for Gwanda, Cde. T Angela Dube, categorically dismissed as un­ thirteenth annivesary of our indepen­ Fourthly, our people should keep their the Egyptians, was indeed a supreme ef­ babwe. APLA is the military wing of the Pan babwe supported peaceful negotiations to dence from the British colonial rule and the own supplies for the rainy days. In the fort. in tennis, the brothers-Byron and African Congress (PAC). founded reports that there is an APLA base end the South African conflict as evidenced systematic oppression by the white settlers. past, every family kept “dura rezviyo” Wayne Black have taken Zimbabwe into by its participation in regional and interna­ in the district adding that the only military He said this in reaction to an article in the The mass displays, the parachute for the possibility of drought and fa­ the European round of the Davis Cup. tional efforts aimed at achieving this establishment in the area was 1.3 Infantry New African magazine which reported that drops, the march past, and the speech mine. Each family must keep its own They have beaten Norway and now face objective. Battalion. “1 am a regular visitor to the camp villagers in Gwanda and Beitbridge were and I have never seen anything which sug­ by President and First Secretary, Com­ reserves of food t6 last a year. Croatia, led by the hard-serving Goran moving their families to areas further away The district administrator of Beitbridge, Cde. gests that there are APLA guerillas,” Cde. rade R.G Mugabe, marked and under­ National gifts for Independence Ivanovich. In golf, John Price is in world from the South African border in case the Mbonisi Ncube, dismissed the report that vil­ Dube explained that if such facilities for APLA lined the fact that we are now THIRTEEN class and doing vey well. In Rugby and South African government carried out its lagers in the district were moving to safer existed in the district, members of the pub­ YEARS OLD. The nation has several things to thank Cricket, the Zimbabwean team s are in threat to invade Zimbabwe to track down its sons and daughters for this thirteenth the top bracket of ten leading countries. areas in fear of a South African invasion “a lic would know In the Provinces, similar mass displays members of APLA Independence Anniversary. Firstly, the tri­ pure fabrication by an incompetent report­ and meetings were organised to hear er whose editor is so gullible as to accept Major Charles Mugari, the Zimbabwe Nation­ umph return of ZNA soldiers from Mozam­ The building up of our sporting teams, The South African Department of Military In­ the annivesary speech of the President. as truth anything negative about Zim­ al Army Public Relations Officer, told Zim­ bique is the biggest gift to the nation on this and their good perfomances, is a mat- telligence (DMI) is said to have identified Bin- Because of the nation-wide shortage of babwe.” He said he is in daily-radio-contact babwe News that the only military establish­ occasion. Secondly, the excellent perfor tot nf nririe ta. thfi nation psnprifllv on dura in Mashonaland Central, and Gwanda ments in Gwanda and Bindura were 1.3 In­ food as a result of the severe drought mance of our sportsmen and women in var­ this auspicious occasion of the thirteenth In­ in Matebeleland South as the two districts with the Zimbabwean forces patrolling the of last year, there was no independence border, security personnel, councillors and fantry Battalion and an abandoned paramili­ ious imDortant events. The soccer team. dependence Anniversary. . □ in Zimbabwe where training bases for APIA ball, and no jeasting of any kind. By can­ the ZANU PF leadership and would know if tary training base in Bindura. He revealed were situated. celing the feasting part, and scaling down there wa? any such development. that paramilitary training was stopped in 1988. The instructors are said to have joined the level of the celebrations . . . Zimbabwean soldiers back home “Once again, 1 reiterate that there are no such Cde. Ncube added that Beitbridge shares a the regular army and the militia went back Government wanted to remind itself and bases anywhere in Zimbabwe and the South 200-kilometre border with South Africa and into private life. The militia was never intend­ our people that bad times of last year ments of his movement to ceasefire. With ridors. Already .400 have arrived, and African government knows it. Why these al­ receives its daily television and radio broad­ ed to be part of the regular army. □ are not yet completely over. We have only a few exceptions, the ceasefire is hold­ another 500 are expected soon. Botswana only started reaping this year’s big crop, ing. Furthermore, Dhlakama who had insist­ and Zambia have been asked to contribute but Vice-President Simon Muzenda who ed on the withdrawal of the ZNA, turned one battalion each to the UN contingent. heads the drought relief task force, has round and said they should now stay — at Other African, Arab, and Asian countries Zimbabwean soldiers back home already reminded us that there are areas least until the UN troops arrived. RENAMO have been asked to make large contributions. By our Defence Correspondent which did not receive .good rains, and leaders started making positive statements The arrival of UN troops is being regarded the people in such areas have to continue about the future saying they would not be­ as a very important step in consolidating the he brave and courageous soldiers of cluding a pipeline for oil and fuel) from Mu­ tacks from RENAMO. Infact, the villagers receiving the drought relief food. have like UNITA in Angola. Quite to the con­ peace process. But, the delay in their arrival, the Zimbabwe National Army (ZNA) tare to the port of Beira in Mozambique. This tended tq build their villages near the ZNA trary, they said, they would respect the and starting their operations, has set back T who were on active service in is the shortest and the cheapest route for camps so that they could be protected. They Better climate for development results of the pending elections. the time-table of holding general elections. Mozambique for the last 8 years are now Zimbabwe. Some goods also use the Chi- also treated the local villagers at their The climate for development is much The Rome agreement provides for the estab­ They now have to be moved from October back home. The last contingent was qualaquala line which goes to Maputo, the makeshift clinics, in some districts, these better this year than it was last year. lishment of 49 assembly points for camping 1993 to the middle of 1994. In all, 10 small received by the Commander-in-Chief, Presi­ capital of Mozambique. These lines are vi­ were the only medical facilities available to Although the maize is patchy, the tobac­ 120 000 FRELIMO and RENAMO troops. parties have come up, and plan to fight the dent R.G. Mugabe, at the border town of tally important for Zimbabwe. the peasants. The ZNA also built bridges and co crop is excellent. The sale at the They will be disarmed, demobilised, and then elections. They too are clamouring for post­ roads that were much appreciated by the lo­ Mutare on Thursday, 15 April. They are The operations of Zimbabwean troops were tobacco floors has already started. The retrained and recruited into a new Mozam­ ponement of elections to mid-1994. now being given a tumultous welcome by cal population. restricted to the provinces of Manica and Sofa- people, the heavens and the earth are bican National Army, with a total strength Rehabilitation and refugees relatives and friends throughout the la, and later extended to Tete, principally to Partial Agreement and Ceaseafire smiling. But, the Government and the of 30 000. This process is crucial for the suc­ country. guard the Tete-Blantyre route that goes to nation have leamt some lessons from cess of the entire operation. The problem in There is a lot of rehabilitation work to be In 1990, the Government of Mozambique Malawi, through Mozambique. The Zim­ the severe drought of last year. Angola was that the armed units were not done in Mozambique. We hope that those The Zimbabwean troops were sent to and the RENAMO signed a partial agreement babwe contingent was later increased to a disarmed throughout the election campaign; villagers who planted crops will reap a good Mozambique at the request of the Mozam­ and ceasefire, which restricted the operation Firstly, we need to increase our storage total of about 5 000 men on its peak, and so it was easy for |onas Savimbi to mobilise harvest. Even with a good harvest, there are bican Government, following a meeting in of Zimbabwe troops to the Beira Corridor, capacity. Bulk storage tanks need to be a substantial cost, to the exchequer. It is his army once he had lost the elections. But, still many people to be fed. A recent survey 1984 of President Mugabe, Mwahmu Julius and the Chiqualaquala corridor. Our troops constructed at every grain depot. Given difficult to give any definite figure because this process of demobilisation and encamp­ reported that 66 per cent of the population Nyerere, then President of Tanzania, and withdrew from all other areas, to those cor­ the storage capacity, we should ensure there was never a separate budget alloca­ ment has not yet started in Mozambique. of 15 million people live in absolute and ob­ Comrade Samora Machel, the late Presi­ ridors. They scrupulously observed all that we have , and we keep reserves, ject poverty. There are 3 million refugees in dent of Mozambique. The decisions of that tion for Mozambique — it was all sub-sumed Now that the UN forces have started arriv­ aspects of that partial ceasefire. that are equal to a full year’s supply of Malawi, Swaziland, Zimbabwe, Zambia, Tan­ meeting were very weighty and specific. in the»defence budget. ing, it may start. They will start with the 2 million tons of grain. Our nation feeds clearing of land mines, and the rehabilitation zania, and South Africa. It is futher estimat­ At the request of the Mozambican Presi­ Finally, on October 4,1992, a general peace Nyanga Traning on 5 000 tons of grain every day, or of the routes to facilitate the movement of ed that 2 million people have been displaced' dent for assistance to deal with the insur­ agreement was signed in Rome. A painful nearly 2 million tons a year. Such the people. internally. gency of the RENAMO organisation, it was The ZNA also undertook to train young chapter in the country’s history had to come reserves give us ample time for order­ agreed to send up to two thousand Tan­ Mozambican soldiers at Nyanga. The train­ to an end. However, there were worries as ing food. Secondly, we should preserve The United Nations forces At the Donors’ Conference held in Rome on ing camp there was run and managed joint­ to whether Mozambique would also not ex­ zanian troops to operate in Zambezia as much water as possible in large and In )anuary, the United Nations announced 16 December last year, the international ly by British soldiers and the ZNA The British perience the tragic events witnessed in An­ Province; and at the same time train young small dams, again to ensure enough that it would send about 8 00 armed men, donor community pledged to give US$400 Government financed a large part of the gola. There were also worries whether Al- Mozambican soldiers at Nachingwea in water for domestic use, and for and 2 000 administrators, making a total of million for helping Mozambique to get back training programme at Nyanga. It has been phonso Dhlakama’s RENAMO would comply Tanzania. That was done and the Tanza­ livestock. It is wasteful that, after heavy 10 00 men. Dr. Boutros Boutros-Ghali, the on its feet. At the World Bank Consultative reported that, after the signing of the Rome with the Rome agreements, and whether he nian troops 'Withdrew after 3 years. rains, we allow all the water rush to the Sectretary-General, is trying to avoid the mis­ Group meeting in Paris (also in December) Peace Accord. RENAMO commanders visit­ would have the authority to stop all factions Indian Ocean. Then we remain behind takes of Angola. The Mozambican operation a further US$760 million was pledged. The Zimbabwean role defined of the RENAMO from continuing fighting. ed the camp and approved the idea of fur­ with silting rivers. Thirdly, we must step will require the huge amount of US$340 mil­ Government is also liberating its economy The same meeting decided that about two ther training there. RENAMO Suprises up measures to stop soil erosion, so that lion, but about one-third of it has already ana auempting to attract private invest­ thousand Zimbabwean troops should assist we may stop the silting of our rivers and been contributed. The UN troops have start­ ment. Several parastatals are being priva­ RENAMO’S responses after Rome were posi­ in patrolling and protecting the railway line Generally: the ZNA soldiers did an excellent dams. In particular , tree cutting should ed arriving. tised. Government is also trying to remove tive. Dhlakama did manage to get all ele- to the sea. Zimbabwe’s vital exports and im­ job in which they operated in Mozambique. be prohibited by legislation. Villagers Italian soldiers are going to take the place the administrative barriers that have ham­ pered the work of the bureacracy. □ ports are transported by road or by rail (in­ They protected the peasantry from any at­ Continued next page should only be allowed to collect dry of ZNA troops in guarding the rail-road cor­ ZIMBABWE NEWS MARCH/APRIL, 1983 ZIMBABWE NEWS MARCH/APRIL, 1993 Cover Story National News People meet their President Land belongs to the tillers he question of land continues to occupy a central- place in the Tminds of all those concerned with the problem of agriculture. The core of the problem is the shortage of arable land in the country. The solu­ tion lies in fair and equitable distribu­ tion of all available land. Thirteen years after independence, land redis­ tribution has met with both concep­ tual and administrative difficulties. Conceptual difficulties start at policy making levels and descend down to the farming community. Difficulties are con­ fronted the moment one starts to deter­ mine who should own what class of land. More difficulties surface when the size of land to be owned is to be fixed and the land tenure is to be stipulated. These problems arise from historical ori­ gins and spread to cover questions of a political and ideological nature. Before and after Government recently enacted the Land Acquisition Bill in order to ensure equitable distri­ President Mugabe presenting farming inputs to families displaced by MNR activities in Mudzi district — His love for the people bound by race, tribe or creed Before colonialism, there was no private bution of arable land to the whole population ownership of land. All land was com the majority of them still face insur- receive 5 to 8 times more credit facili- he continuing and thrilling meet-the- dent were surpnsea Dy tne extent or develop­ provement to local officials and politicians. munallv held and all citizens had unres­ mountable obstacles at present. In ab- ties tha - their Black counterparts. Neverthe- people tour of all the provinces and dis­ He insisted on revising and repeating those ment taking place in the rural areas. Writ­ tricted access to land and other solute terms, White commercial farmers less Black farmers deliver three Ttricts by the President ^and First projects which had not been successful. ing long theoretical articles from their desks Secretary of ZANU (PF). Comrade Robert in the cities, mahy are unaware of the de­ resources found therein. This access was • Gabriel Mugabe, has deepened the roots of The journalists who travelled with the Presi­ velopment taking place at the grassroots lev: subject to the silent understanding that the Party with all classes of people, and es­ any land use must not disadvantage . . . people meet their President pecially the peasants and the workers. The other users and should not be the sub­ el. The rural people themselves are participat helped or help themselves. Party has been taken to the very hearts and jet of inconvenience to the community ing fully in those projects. Furthermore, they minds of our people. People’s Government collectively or severally. This under­ know what to do, and what benefit they will The tour started in July last year essentially standing explains the then smooth derive from each project. As the wise and The people had many complaints and hard-headed producers, they will not waste grievances to put to the Government so that to enable the President and First Secretary management of agriculture and land to see for himself the adverse effects of the any of their time, and their labour on a their lives could be further improved, but related resources. There were adequate project that brings no benefit to them. their spirit was to put their problems to their severe drought, and to supervise the distri­ stocks of food reserves to see the com­ bution of the drought relief food. But, as soon own government, and to their own President, munity through years of drought Building Contacts with councillours as it started he was received with Often arms, in the way a son speaks to his father. Their and warm hearts everywhere, and large without the intervention of internation­ The tour has also brought the elected dis-' loyalty to the President, and their support crowds gathered at every point to see him. al food assistance. Food silos (tsapi) were trict councillors into direct contact with the for ZANU PF was total, and remains unshak­ It soon snowballed into an intensive to be found in every household through­ President and First Secretary, and therefore able. Recent Parliamentary by-elections in programme of meeting the people and hear­ out the country in addition to food closer to the Government and the political which all opposition parties lost their ing their grievances. storage buildings (hozi). Diaries of early Party that brought them to power. The dis­ deposits merely confirm this point. The free trict councils are a very important organ of choice of the people of Zimbabwe is ZANU European explorers such as Karl Mauch, More importantly, the people spoke freely the State. They handle large amounts of the PF. The President’s tour has further cement­ David Livingstone and Frederick Selous and openly, criticising officials and politicians money that go into rural development, and ed the relationship between the Party arid who were not pulling their weight, and sug­ are full of laudatory commentaries upon they are the direct line of information from the people. gesting ways of improving the implementa­ the plentifulness of food supplies and the Government to the people, and from the tion of government policy. They also spoke the variety of nourishing African diet at An interesting feature is the total absence people to the Government. Therefore, they of the so-called opposition parties in the rural openly about their contempt for the charac­ all meal times. African-owned land is, by should be given accurate information. The ters running the so-called opposition parties, areas. They just do not exist there. In the ur­ deliberate design, the most infertile soil President was able to do this on the current ban areas, you read in the yellow press about and the bankruptcy of their policies. tour. Between public rallies and touring de­ type in the country. White settlers clas­ the renegade Sithole, reject Tekere, and op­ velopment projects, he spent a lot of time Development projects sified the country’s soils according to portunist Dumbutshena, but they hafre no discussing and talking to Councillors, civil ser­ rainfall patterns and soil fertility in support either. They have no programmes, An impomtant feature of the current meet vants, local farmers and businessmen. the-people tour has been the inspection of descending order worn region one to and no policies, except a few erspneous ideas development projects in every districts. These region five. Most white owned commer­ Those District Councillors Who spend their they pick up from their white liberal execu­ include dam construction, borehole drilling, cial farms are located in region one, two valuable time quarrelling, bickering, and tive members at drinking parties in Harare weir construction, irrigation, afforestation, and three. African-owned land starts fighting for positions, were sharply criticised or Bulawayo. Those ideas have nothing to road construction, new clinics, new schools, from region 3, and predominates in by the President and First Secretary. They do with the wishes of the people, but much housing estates, youth and employment, regions four and five. were told very clearly that in future, the Party to do with the wishes of self-centred big bus­ vegetable gardening, horticulture, new rural Black fanners produce more will not sponsor the malcontents and gram- inesses and misdirected so-called profession­ blers. The Party will only sponsor those can­ al class. Whatever they may say, they are industries, home and food industries etc. The As if this injustice in land distribution President and First Secretary visited each and didates who work for and with the people, completely out of touch with the wishes of Cde. Mugabe and Mashonaland East Governor, Cde. Abraham Kabasa touring develoi was not enough, Blacks could not have and spend their valuable time finding out the people in the villages, the farm com­ every project, offering suggestions of im: f mental projects m the province during his meet-the-people tour last year access to credit facilities in the past and what the people want, and how they can be pounds, and the high density townships. □ ZIMBABWE NEWS MARCH/APRIL, 1993 ZIMBABWE NEWS MARCH/APRIL, 1993 7 National News Zimbabwe poised for economic growth he year 1992 posed numerous rainfall culminating in last year’s Increased competition due to deregula­ K p MQMA m :owoci drought, good rains this season have tion of the economy has. also forced B S challenges in implementing the T economic reform programme. The raised hopes of a recovery in the agricul­ down prices. Retailers have been forced past year was characterised by a severe tural sector, which forms the backbone to reduce their profits margins in order drought, a worldwide recession and an of the Zimbabwean economy. A strong to dispose their stocks. Not only do con­ acute electriciy shortage. All these fac­ rebound in agricultural growth will sumers pay lower prices for £ome com- (PVT.) LTD. tors contributed to a fall in Gross Domes­ definitely lead to positive effects on modites but they also have a wider var­ tic Output, although the fall was not as other sectors of the economy. However, iety of goods to select from, since ESAP high as some prejudiced critics led to be­ it must be borne in mind that it will take was introduced in 1990. Furthermore, lieve. As a result, economic growth several seasons of good rainfal to fully increased competition has forced many declined while inflation and unemploy­ recover from the drought and to replen­ manufacturers to become more efficient For A Stainless Reputation In Passenger Transport ment rose due to increased retrenche­ ish depleted food stocks. which will definitely lead to increase in ments. The Budget deficit widened as There are other positive signs emerging the quality of products. P.O . Box 32 P.O . Box ST 47 which indicated that the Economic the government had to provide drought Imports and exports Tel: 332 Southerton relief for a large section of the popula­ Structural Adjustment Programme Trade liberalisation and deregulation has M utoko. Tel: 63429/64376 tion. Despite these inevitable severe out­ (ESAP) is working. One of these is due led to more items being placed on the to the stringent monetary policy impossed Harare. comes in 1992, 1993 promises to be a bet­ Open General Import Licence (OGIL). This ter year and the economic outlook is set to by the Reserve Bank which has created a li­ quidity shortage. The liquidity shortage cou ­ has eased the shortage of goods, espe­ improve, with an appreciable increase in eco­ cially vital inputs in the industrial, nomic growth. pled with decreased consumer disposable in­ comes have forced a downward trend in agricultural and mining sectors. As ESAP Positive signs but . . . prices, especially in the retail and real estate unfolds, more goods will be placed on After three successive seasons of poor sectors. the OGIL, enabling industrialists and farmers io source raw materials and other land belongs to the tillers inputs with greater ease. This will INCORPORA TING . . . increase economic efficiency, pioductivi- times more grain to the market tnan further prosperity. Put in place more ty and hence economic growth. White farmers. In 1979, Black farmers than a century ago, this deprivation has delivered only 13 per cent of grain crops Exports are also set to increase during worsened the plight of African agricul­ 1993. The export sector is expected to to the market. When credit facilities for ture with the increase in population, play the pivotal role in financing ESAP. Black farmers were relaxed at indepen­ overcrowding, soil erosion due to over­ dence,' deliveries by black farmers Tobacco remains Zimbabwe’s single lar­ use of available space. gest export crop and estimates indicate jumped to an impressive 27 per cent in a Tobacco crop of around 190 million 1981 and again rose to 36 per cent by Africans were not only robbed of their 1985. In 1990, before the drought, deliv­ land but were, conscripted at gun point kilogrammes for the 1993/94 season. eries by Black farmers stood at 15 per for forced labour. Their cattle, too, were The quality of the crop is expected to KANOYANGWA BROTHERS (PVT). LTD. cent. taken away as war booty. We see some be higher, which will hopefully yield of these cattle today as the “Mashona” higher prices. However, other agricultur­ The decreasing contribution by White farm­ and the “Afrikaner” breeds. Their beef al commodities such as maize, sugar (Wholesalers and Retailers to the Nation) ers in grain crop deliveries is the is being exported to Europe by the white cane and wheat are unlikely to be exported result of willful confrontational tactics by settler Cattle Farmers Association. There in the near future as local demand has to white farmers and not as a consequence is no single white settler farmer who is be met first. of events beyond human control. A dis­ repentant enough to accept the fairness Horticultural' produce exports on the turbing larger number of White farmers has of land redistribution in favour of the other hand have shown tremendous abandoned the cultivation of maize, landless African majority. The whites in growth during the last 5 years. Last rapoko and millet in favour of ostrich this country and abroad even consider year, horticultural exports brought in an farming, crocodile breeding, and wild- it an injustice for Africans to call for com­ estimated $160 million in foreign curren­ WHERE C U S T O M E R satisfaction is always A T HEART game farming. Other activitites such as pensation. On their part, some neutered cy and this is likely to increase even fur­ the growing of cash crops for the export African intellectuals have shamelessly ther this year. Apart from being an im­ market have been intensified and a con­ suggested that this issue be lteft as it is portant foreign currency earner, this sec­ siderable portion of the income has for fear of arousing the ire of white peo­ tor has generated thousands of jobs. found its way in foreign bank accounts. ple in Europe and North America. These activities are clearly aimed at frus­ The export of industrial goods is also trating the development objectives of likely to increase as the world recession From owning 100 per cent of the land the ZANU PF Government. eases. As more items especially raw before 1890 Africans owned only 45 per materials inputs and machinery are Plight of blacks worse P.O. Box 3884 cent of the land after 1951 and now placed on the OGIL, many firms will be P .O . Box 32 Concomitant with the colonisation of the own a laughable 47 per cent of the land, able to utilise their excess capacity, Tel: 241 Tel: 728650 country by Cecil John Rhodes and his 13 years after attaining independence, thereby increasing production and Harare paid invaders, came the spectre of land­ the white community, who form only M utoko hence exports. lessness, hunger, malnutrition, disease 3 per cent of the country’s total popu­ Limited growths and high infant mortality rates. The rea­ lation own a surprisingly large 43 per During 1992, the mining sector ex­ son for this is dear: the invaders took cent while the remaining 10 per cent is perienced a decrease in productivity. away land from the indigenous owners designated “State land” comprising This was mainly due to world recession thereby depriving the African farming game parks and urban centres. □ community of the principal resource for

8 ZIMBABWE NEWS MARCH/APRIL, 1993 ZIMBABWE NEWS MARCH/APRIL. 1993 National Issues

ZANU PF programme of action for . ZANU PF programme of action for ’93 he ZANU PF Department of Com­ voter aparthy shown at both lise and utilise political human missariat and Culture headed by it can emerge with positive ideas on a) Restructuring Exercise Parliamentary and Local. Government the basis of which we can build poli­ resources for the purpose of de­ TCde. Moven Mahachi, has released by-elections. There is need for a much It is sad to note that the President velopment in order to enhance bet­ cies and programmes to be pursued the 1993 Programme of Action. It has more concerted effort on the part of and First Secretary’s call to mem­ ter living conditions of the people. been endorsed by both the Politburo by Government. In our organising for bers of the Central Committee to the total Party Leadership to address the Party, it is important that we keep The seminars provide opportunity and the Central Committee. The this problem to revamp and re­ make 1992 a year of vigorous Party Prr jramr.ie is essentially divided into in mind the social and economic in­ re organisation did not take off the to the various levels of the Party juvenate the Party. Hie call must be terests and conditions of the people, leadership to analyse and frssess t1 ree parts. Below- is the fall 1993 ZANU to all members of the Central Commit­ ground as planned. Programme of Action: identifying with them and going some problems that hinder strong party tee and provincial executives of both substantial way in meeting their However, the Presidential meet-the- .organisation and economic de­ wings and government Ministers to interest.” people tour went on well, as he got veloped at grassroots level. Introduction join in and work as a team for the reali­ first hand information on the actu­ sation of these objectives. Therefore The Party must Make sure all women al problems confronting the people In a nutshell, the party should politi­ The Commissariat and Culture cise and conscientise the masses members of the Central Committee are are organised into income generating and assessed the circumstances of Programme for 1993 will be divided towards the development of our going to be assigned duties in activities either as co-operatives, clubs, the varied groups or classes of into three sections namely: country and must always defend provinces outside where they are used individuals or companies or societies. people. a) Party Restructuring and Mobilisa­ to work. The Party will give its full support to the people’s gains in the econom­ the women leagues who will spear­ It appears the hardships are now ic, political, social and cultural fields tion for economic development, Addressing the Twelfth Ordinary ses­ head their exercise. The Party must almost behind us and restructuring as well as harness the spirit of uni­ b) Organising Seminars at Ward, Dis­ sion of ZANU PF Central Committee make sure all developmental activities has to be pursued in all earnest as ty, peace and development. trict, Provincial and National levels. held on 4 December, 1992, the Presi­ receive party’s total support such as the Party cards are introduced. dent and First Secretary, Comrade R.G. sanitation programmes, the fight Party structures will have to be con­ c) Presidential tours. Attention will Mugabe said, “members should be stituted in preparation for provin- d) National Seminars be paid to those areas of the 1992 able to establish what the state of the against diseases (Aids, diarhoea, malar­ ia), conservation of our natural cial elections. Important issues such, as the Struc­ programme which were not com­ Party is and examine effective ways of Cde. Moven Mahachi resources, participation in agriculture tural Adjustment Programme, Land pleted for one reason or another, sustaining or improving it The party and home industry shows, housing b) Registration of members and Resettlement, unemployment, in- especially Harare and Bulawayo should always be the People and the educate party members at all levels to programmes et cetera. verification of party Districts and degenisation of our economy, Party Provinces. People the Party . . .” appreciate the need to complete Party Branches, ideology, human rights arid-our cul­ With two major events coming up — Restructuring and register voters for The Party must assist in job creation Registration of members and verifi­ Our Party, as a ruling body, should programme for youths and the youth ture, the women’s rights, housing i.e. the Second National Congress in both National and Local Government sharpen its own insight into the actu­ cation of Party districts and problems et cetera, will be held dur­ elections. league will spearhead this programme. 1994 and General Elections in 1995, al problems confronting the peasant branches which involves Central ing the 1993 programme. Tangeahle iobs must be created in each the seminars will h^ave to provide a General decline in the strength of the and urban working communities, so Committee members will ensure platform for experts to give lectures to and every party district and projects in cot­ that all Party structures said to ex- e) Party was revealed bv the amount of tage industries, agriculture, provision of serv­ Presidential Tours ist on paper do in fact exist in real­ ___ • ___ ices et cetera must be encouraged. ity in terms of the provisions of the The 1992 Presidential tours saw the . Zimbabwe poised for development Party Constitution. This exercise has President visit people at their local bique, operational expenditure on levels and were a great success in and load shedding of electricity which Steps in the right direction The Party must take active part in en­ to be completed in preparation for defence is expected to fall. A reduction that they provided the President the forced many, mines to cut production. There are however several issues which couraging and participate in all develop­ provincial elections and subse­ of the budget deficit will prevent govern­ opportunity to get first hand info- As far as load shedding is concerned, in must be looked into for the successful mental agencies, i.e. between Agritex, quently the Second National Peo­ ment expenditure crowding out private mation on the plight of the masses 1993 the supply of electricity is bound implementation of ESAP. A major issue Veterinary, Community Services, small ple’s Congress. This would strength­ investment, thus stimulating economic caused by the severe drought the to improve, resulting in an increase in has been that of parastatals. Under scale farmers development, non­ en the Party’s political base, with growth. country was experiencing and the output. However, despite the fact that ESAP, it is envisaged that some parasta­ governmental organisations, churches, the people enabling it to draw up effective strategies for future Party effect of the structural adjustment the recession worldwide seems to be tals will be privatised while others will Although economic deregulation in individuals, local councils, private and programme. easing, metal prices in international mar­ run on a profitable basis. There are al­ general implies a free market approach, public companies. organisation and mobilisation. ready signs that some parastatals have The 1993 Presidential tours to cover kets will remain depresed as the Com­ a certain amount of state control is The Party must actively supervise Verification shall also be conduct­ begun making surpluses. If this trend oc­ areas left out in 1992 and urban monwealth of Independent States (CIS) necessary in order to direct resources government ministries, departments, lo­ ed for the purpose of certification areas, will be planned for the har­ has resorted to dumping large quanti­ curs in other parastatals, the economy and policies into desired areas of the cal authorities and parastatals through while voter registration shall be vest time to give the President the ties of minerals on the international mar­ as a whole will be better off. economy, with particular emphasis on the cabinet, Provincial Development made in preparation to the Local toothfer major issue has been that of opportunity to see what the small ket. Therefore, growth in the mining sec­ the social dimensions aspect. This was Government elections and the 1995 • stimulating investment particularly for­ Committees, and Co-ordinating Commit­ tor will be limited. the case in several East Asian countries General Elections. farmers can achieve if assistance in eign investment. Apart from extending tees, Rural and District Councils. Other sectors of the economy, such as such as Singapore, Hong Kong, Malay­ form of seeds and fertilisers is given to current incentives under the New Invest­ them. This will give the people the the construction industry will experience sia and Taiwan. Zimbabwe can thus The Party must set production targets ment Code, the question of Free Trade chance to thank the President for all he slight growth as the year progresses, seek to emulate such countries. In fact, at every ward to encourage people to c) Ward, District and Provincial Zones (FTZs) or Export Processing Zones had done to them during the most despite the liquidity crunch. Particular­ Zimbabwe has ah excellent infrastruc­ produce more, such as grain food, Seminars (EPZs) must be looked into. In such livestock et cetera. difficult time. ly, the small business sector will have tural base and a reasonably well deve­ zones, foreign investors would be given In order to embark on a nation-wide to adapt to the new economic environ­ loped manpower pool. Therefore, Zim­ Apart from restructuring exercises, all campaign to re-energise the Party tax breaks or even tax exemptions ment if they are to survive. Although babwe stands a better chance of suc­ party organisations and mobilisation is among other incentives. Past ex­ for mass mobilisation for political 1993 will produce a positive rate of eco­ cessfully implementing such an Adjust­ going to be centred on developmental and economic action, it is necessary periences in countries such as China and nomic growth, the figure will not be very ment Programme than other countries projects on programme. All heads of Mauritius have shown that Free Trade to fisrt inculcate in the minds of the high. Instead, this year with a reduced in the region and hence strive for New­ Departments must prepare developmen­ Zones provide an ideal means of attract­ people the idea of sel-improvement level of inflation coupled with a resur­ ly Industrialised Country (NIC) status. tal programme and submit it for discus­ ing investors. through the people’s collective ef­ gent agricultural growth will serve as a With such an economic performance, sion at party seminars, forts, vision and enterprise. platform to attain higher rates of eco­ Since ESAP seeks to reduce the Budget Zimbabwe has the potential to become in this context, the Department of Com­ Political consciousness and orfcness nomic growth in the coming years, es­ deficit, steps have been taken to trim the an economic model not only for Africa missariat and Culture would like to mark has tQ be attained through holding pecially 1994. civil service and reduce expenditure. but for the. entire developing world. □ 1993 by launching campaigns to fulfil of seminars which harness, actua- With the advent oLneace to Mozam­ these objectives, through:— 11 10 ZIMBABWE NEWS MARCH/APRIL, 1993 ZIMBABWE NEWS MARCH/APRIL. 1993 National News hildren are the most vulnerable members of our society who Cnonetheless carry the hopes and aspirations of the entire nation for a bet­ Ljy iviuiuu 1\OKO ter and more just future. Zimbabwe need a specific iir Party, Z A N U PF, has evolved a practice and policy ot holding Primary elections within the Partv where more than The tools which they are given to build -TT Ward^ l0Cal G- ™ n t election^), same o S t o Z j f i their future with should include physi­ 0 tions), same post (m Provmcial elections) or pre-Central Committee elections contest. cal and mental wellbeing, a caring and legislation to protect children protective environment in which to The rationale behind the formulation of returning officers when their fellow col­ tions, including national general grow, and an appropriate education this policy is that, with regards to the leagues are being challenged, is politi­ elections. designed to meet the increasing com­ first two (local Government and Parlia­ cally unhealthy for the Party. As a result, all those who no longer en­ plexity of the modern-day world. Recog­ ment), when the Party faces opposition legal abolition of the “evil anachronis­ “Besides the Department of Social Wel­ Let us look at returning officers coming joyed the confidence of the electorate, nising their voicelessness in society, groups, ZANU PF must be a united force tic custom” as the existing law was not fare’s efforts, there is need for a fund to from other Provinces, not even from at whatever level, lost at Ward, Consti­ there is need to define the parameters through singular candidacy. We agree effectively being used to bear on the be set up to protect the Ngozi payment- those aajacent to the wards or seats in tuency and Party levels. Ministers, of the world which they will inherit and that this is very sensible and logical. offenders,. related children so that they can receive question. Surely, this will at least create Deputy Ministers, MPs, Councillors and rectify the social inequalities wrought by education and care till they are majors However, there is need to caution the an atmosphere of fair play and equali­ other Party leaders who were strangers the former colonial systems. “Although there is the Child Protection Act which protected the welfare of chil- or till they reconciled with the original Party, (basing on past experiences, even ty among contenders. The results will be to the people they purported to lead or Child Labour mentioned lightly by Zimbabwe News represent, w.ere booted out and off. All families”, the report recommended. heralded as fair. While there exists facts which indicate dren in Zimbabwe, however, in reality April, 1992, page 27) against abuse of 1 the aspiring candidates were analysed, child labour practices in Zimbabwe, the this instrument is not used in the pro­ this practice by some protectionist office Whereas, the former divides the Party, weighed and voted fbr in the final evidence is scattered and the subject tection of children from being used as bearers who fear to be removed even creates Party establishments who re­ elections. Ngozi appeasement and in the few cases All respondents to the study concurred main in leadership perpetuity with relatively unfamiliar to most indigenous that was solved by payment of When they are outstretched or down­ Political hangers-on, opportunists and that it has been used the goal was to Ngozi manipulated and influenced backing. people. It is generally observed, that chil­ the required demands and usually a right incompetent. noji-productive leaders were weeded place the child in a place of safety,” the This will always dissipate and sap off in­ dren in this country are found working out. Those who had survived for long by report said. daughter was central to those payments The‘cardinal question facing the Party terest in the Party, scatter assunder as an integral part of the family work hedging on the popularity of the Presi­ with the age group restricted to young is, who should vet the contending can­ Party Members and create un- force in the peasant economy; working dent, were forced to stand in their own girls below ten years who in most cases didates and be an impartial umpire? homogeneous cliques within the Party. as part of family labour on commerical Children as ‘Currency’ are virgins. right and found wanting and lacking. farms; as domestic servants in low, mid­ Currently, we are ih a sad situation According to the study, young daugh­ When faced with ramblings, complaints They were fittingly removed lock, stock dle and high income households; as wor­ Urban Exposure where, one of the contenders is also an and complacency within his Party, “Cha- ters are in some cases deliberately ex­ and barrel, leaving a dedicated people- kers in mining operations especially in umpire against his or her political op­ ma cha Mapinduzi”, against ineffective ploited and regarded as units, not only based leadership. Only true representa­ gold panning; and as independent or The study found out that as education­ ponent, thereby placing justice, and inefficient Party officials, the form­ for production or reproduction but also tives of the people were elected to lead, itinerant workers in the urban informal al levels increased people tended to dis­ democracy and fairplay in jeopardy, er’ President of the United Republic of as ‘currency’ that can be a medium as save and serve the Party, Parliament, sector and on the stje&s engaged in a card the belief in and also that the creating and fermenting complaints, circumstances demand. Ngozi Tanzania, Dr Julius K. Nyerere, saw the Councils and Government. variety of activities ranging from street weaknesses and even what Comrade willingness to pay decreased. Urban ex­ correct light in a political tunnel. He vending, begging to prostitution. “Society requires that effective deter­ President R.G. Mugabe diagnosed as posure was also found to be having a came out with a Doctrine of “multi­ The party emerged stronger with a solid rents be imposed on the perpetrators of . . apathy in the Party”. No specific Legislation definite relationship with Ngozi. “As the candidacy” in the same Party at all elec­ connection and grassroot base. child paym ent for Ngozi cases, which Zimbabwe has no specific legislation number of years in town increased the It is world-recognised that the' concept means that the existing legislation is with clear guidelines on the practice of belief decreases. Urban exposure alters of a referee-player is anathem a in soc­ largely unknown mostly because of its the people’s perceptions towards pay­ The Management and Staff child labour. Nonetheless, there exists the cer. It never has a common denomina­ rare use in such cases”, said Cde. ment with a child. tor with impartiality in politics’- frr'fact, of Labour Relations Act, 1985; the Chil­ dren’s Protection and Adoption Act; Chipangura. it is heavily loaded against good and Jongwe Printers The 21st February Movement 1972; and the Factories and Work Act Following the findings of the Child Pro­ honourable moral ethics. The Movement was launched on Febru­ 14 Austin Rd. Workington of 1984. All three do, to an extent proffer tection Society’s study, it has emerged ary 21, 1986. As opposed to .the There is also a strange under current politi­ guidelines insufficient to provide a ba­ that people are aware that the involve­ capitalist practice where the child is a cal clinche within certain forces in the sis for enforcement for parents, employ­ ment of children as Ngozi appeasement victim of abuse in factories and sexual­ Party, to the effect fhat if you dare stand ers, workers and the courts. assets is a crtiel and diabolic act. This Congratulate ly, the 21st February Movement,aims against a Member of the Executive at does not, however, involve everyone, Ngozi ritual to develop the child and make him or Branch, District or Provincial level you thus there seems to be need for active According to a study by Cde. Andrew her a productive citizen. It seeks to cre­ are anti-Party, which graphically implies education to be disseminated to socie­ Chipangura for the Child Protection So­ ate a new young Zimbabwean personal­ that the Party is the sole property of Ex­ Zimbabwe on its ty on the rights of children and the ciety, the prevalence of Ngozi belief is ecutive Members excluding the broad cruelty involved when they are caught ity, vibrant, conscientious, resourceful still high among Zimbabweans despite and capable. It has been working in con­ membership of the Party at whatever level up in the Ngozi conflict. or that once elected into the Ex­ the western influences of education and junction with the Party, the State and 13th religion. Although the belief in Ngozi was Penalties other democratic social forces to ensure ecutive you should die in the position high, it was however, found that most as a surety to Provincial or National “There is need to ensure that the exist­ that the Government’s call for “educa­ people were unwilling to pay in the form Heroes Acre. ing legislation be effected in terms of tion for all” is put into practice and that of human beings of which children were no child is deprived of an education Good political prudence reveals that Independence Ngozi-related child abuse”, the report usually the actual victims of the belief commensurate with his or her there is an urgent need of more-in-depth said. It also recommended that in this and practice. respect the Department of Social Wel­ capabilities. re-thinking on Primary Elections — fare, which is the custodian of the Chil­ procedures, modalities and practices. Anniversary The study highlighted the violation of both human and children’s rights as well dren’s Protection and Adoption Act In order to destroy colonial concepts of Indeed, those who organise and/or con­ as explored how much modem black so­ Chapter 33, must be tasked with child labour, the Movement has been or­ duct Primary Elections, at any level, ciety in Zimbabwe still believed and rigorous investigations concerning all ganising voluntary production activities should not be interested parties nor fel­ practised the Ngozi ritual which perpetu­ Ngozi child-appeasement cases while for children under the age of fifteen (ac­ low travellers in the same Executives. ated child abuse. The report was then they are still fresh. Penalties involved in cording to age) and thus inculcate The current system and practice of fel­ aimed at forming a basis upon which the breaching of the Act may be respect for labour and appreciation of low Executives piously standing as recommendations could be made fbr the intensified. its role in the nation’s well being. □

ZIMBABWE NEWS MARCH/APRIL* 1993 ZIMBABWE NEWS MARCH/APRIL, 1993 13 Foreign News Foreign News Regional news in brief Russian hands of death in Southern Africa By: Malachia M. Basvi Madimutsa By Spectator a small town with a very righ-wing white ne news about and from Angola is population. The leaders of the extreme right The Military Commission has not started to ussians have now joined South as being involved: Chris Shutte, pilot and in Harare unconvincingly argues that grim. The dangerously ambitious leader put the 120 000 armed units of FRELIMO and wing Afrikaaner organisation, AWB, is very African fascists in a macabre plot group’s leader, j.C. Thornley, engineer the Ukrainians and not the Russians are of UNITA, Dr. Jonas Savimbi, is now RENAMO into the 49 assembly points. The strong in Booksburg. It could become the melt­ T to kill Africans of Southern Africa, and ro-ordinator of the group’s activi­ involved in this sordid tragedy. The controlling two-thirds of the country. He may encampment of these units is vital for the ing pot and powderkeg of the whole situa­ be planning to take the remaining one-third, success of the exercise. tion. Since the assassination, the AWB has ruin their economies and generally ties, N.G. Weber, engineer, Ohenne diplomat’s argument is based on the including Luanda. If he fails in doing that, In the meantime, President Chissano has said been making highly provocative racist state­ destabilise the politics of this sub-region. Doythuizen, pilot of DC-6, jimmy Hasti­ fact that there is an agreement between he may go for secession by lobbing off the good bye to the Zimbabwean troops who ments, and collecting money for the defence er, pilot of DC-6, Helmut Bocher, pilot of South African Airways (SAA) and Ukrain­ On March 1,1993, a Russian transport 5 provinces of the South from the North. This have been guarding the Beira corridor and of the Polish immigrant, Walus who pulled DC-6, Paul Berry, pilot of DC-6, Stepanus ian Airlines concluded in 1992 under plane, an Antonov-32, forcelanded at is a distinct possibility, especially after UNI- the Chiqualaquala railway line. Italian troops the triger on their behalf. The dastardly N. de Wet, pilot of light aircraft, John which SAA leased seven cargo Antonov murder was obviously an orchestrated Livingstone, Zambia, at 10.04 a.m. The TA’s recent victory in driving Government with the blue berets of the UN, have now A.W. Stanford, pilot of light of aircraft, and Iliyushin planes and a 50-member taken their place. strategy of the right-wing racists, and not the crew had a compliment of 3 Russians forces out of Huambo, the main city of the Riaan A. Theron, pilot of light aircraft, crew. The first Ukrainian pilots arrived South. The battle for Huambo took 55 days, South Africa work of an individual. and 3 South Africans. The pilot, a Mr. Peiter H.P. Piertese pilot of light aircraft, in South Africa in September, 1992. and cost 15 000 lives, and billions worth of If the South African Government and the ANC Semilov, is a Russian. The leader of the The assassination of Chris Hani in the small M.G. Starkz, pilot of light aircraft, However, the agreement is for civilian public property destroyed. A city that had are to recover the initiative in the prevailing group, a Mr. Cierre jaikie, is a South Afri­ town of Booksburg near lohannesburg on Michael Rabie, DC-6, Omark Colyn, pi­ pilots working under South African Air­ 400 000 people has now been reduced to very fluid situation, they should announce can who speaks English with a heavy Saturday, April 10, has caused the explosion a firm date for holding general elections for lot of light aircraft, W.A. Van Zyi, pilot ways and not military pilots. Moreover, 300 000. Therefore, about one-quarter ofthe that everybody expected in that country. It Afrikaaner accent. population, have either fled to the country­ a new, democratic South Africa. This an­ of light aircraft, JJ. Mulder, pilot of light the pilot who landed the Antonov-32 at is like pulling up the lid of a boiling pot. En­ side, or have been killed or injured. Savimbi nouncement can no longer be delayed. At 11.06 a.m., the plane landed at Vic­ aircraft Victoria Falls, Mr Semilov, is a Russian raged protesters clashed with police, burned is now consolidating his hold of the South. toria Falls, Zimbabwe - just across the cars, and looted shops, especially in Cape One of the complications is that the South and not an Ukrainian. Fortunately for Angola, this dangerous and Zambezi River from Livingston. The crew Town, Port Elizabeth, Pretoria, and lohannes­ African security agencies have grown up in Also published was a list of aircraft Mercenary motives treacherous man does not have enough burg. Chris Hani was General Secretary of the an apartheid system that was essentially talked about their having run short of troops to take over the north, or Luanda. But, used:— A Douglas 4-engine cargo air­ It is common knowledge all over the Communist Party and former head of Umk- anti-black. It is not capable of taking a neu­ fuel. The plane later left for Palabora in the stage is now set for a prolonged civil war. craft, DC-6, registration No. V5, four world that Russians have abandoned honto we Sizwe, the military wing of the Afri­ tral position now. It has to be internationa­ South Africa. other aircrafts of the same make and their revolutionary and progressive tra­ The talks going on in Abidjan, the Capital of can National Congress. He was a popular lised. There is need for the UN to organise model, one of which bore the registra­ Ivory Coast, between delegations of UNITA leader, with a strong appeal to the youth. an international police force that can man The large Antonov-32 transport plane is ditions in favour of reactionary collabo­ and the ruling MPLA, are just a side show. the security services during the transitional the equivalent of a DC-130. What was tion number N44Dg while registration ration with world imperialism. Merce­ President Nelson Mandela of the ANC of Booksburg where he lived and was killed, is period from aparthied to majority rule. □ it transporting? From where to where numbers of the others were not given. nary motives have taken the upper South Africa, was instrumental in getting and for what purpose? Other cargo planes were three CESSNA hand in the thoughts and actions of them started. But, frankly Savimbi is just 310 bearing the following registration Suport for UNITA most Russians. buying time, while consolidating his position numbers: V5-|)L, V5-ZPK, V5-FUR, two in the South. Climatic change and the peer A spokesman of the Angolan Embassy CESSNA 210 with registration numbers The TJ5A Government is trying to assist in in Harare has said, the plane was obvi­ to new crops requiring less water, to pump ZS-KIW, V5-JCT, two CESSNA 402 with . All the Russian pilots who are now work­ promoting the talks, but real assistance A United Nations Environment Programme ously coming from air-dropping supplies would be the recognition of the MPLA report released recently predicted that cli­ water and irrigate, to extend their cultivata- numbers ZS-RAN, V5-NCE 9, one BEECH- ing for apartheid South Africa have mili­ for UNITA bandits in Southern Angola. Government. This would further isolate the matic changes will have severe impacts on ble land or, to adopt more intensive fishing CRAFT K1NGAIR 200 with registration tary backgrounds. What is uppermost He went on to explain that planes from dangerously ambitious Savimbi. both economic socio-political concerns. It methods. The urban poor would also be at number N15587, one Learjet 24 num­ in their minds is to make as much South Africa have been regularly flying predicted that impacts of climate change a high risk. Not only might their food sup­ ber V5-KJY, one Learjet LR 24 numbers money as they can within the shortest Mozambique military supplies for Savimbi’s forces toould probably exacerbate hunger and plies be disrupted, but the shelters and city ZS-MGJ and one CESSNA CE 208 num­ time possible. “The first thing they Infrastructure upon which they rely may Since the defeat of UNITA by the MPLA The silence in Mozambique does not mean poverty around the world. “New and flactu- ber V5-NCA. asked”, said Mr Corrie Cloete, SAA that an ia well — not so. I ne nome agree­ ating weather patterns could have a strong­ prove inadequate in changed and volatile in the elections held last year. Manager of Finance and Support Serv­ ment of October 4, 1993, is not on course. ly negative impact on economic activity, par­ weather conditions,” says the report. Published more than a month ago, this ices, “was if they would get their salar­ The Commissions that are supposed to take ticularly in the natural resources sector. Peo­ The Angolan Government has repeated­ The report which further notes that most like­ information clearly justifies the accusa­ over most of the functions of the state ple who are highly dependant on farming ly complained to the international com­ ies. They were very worried about that. ly to be affected by the climatic changes tions levelled against the de Klerk regime regarding the transition, and the general elec­ fishing, or forestry might even see their liveli­ munity about UNITA’s violation of cease­ They thought they would not get paid!” would be women and children because they by the MPLA Government in Luanda. tions, are not meeting. Even the powerful su­ hoods destroyed by reduced rainfall, degrad­ fire agreements and South Africa’s inter­ tend to be less mobile than men both ge­ The case of the Antonov-32 adds a new Having lost political direction at home, pervisory commission is not meeting. RENA­ ed soils, and impoverished forests and fish vention in the internal affairs of the ographically and occupationally from debili­ factor of Russian complicity in the des­ having neither employment nor money MO senior personnel in Maputo who num­ ing grounds,” noted the report. tated farms and forests, predicts mass migra­ sovereign state of Angola. truction of Angola, wanton killing of its in Moscow, the Russians are coming to bered 18 at one time are now down to 6. tions from rural to urban areas within na­ The others have returned to the headquart­ [ On February 8, 1993, the Angolan Em­ citizens and the rippling effects of South Africa with murderous hatred It said the poor would suffer the most be tional borders, and from the South to the ers at Gorongoza or Maringe. The leader of bassy in Ethiopia published a list of destabilisation in Southern Africa. against political sanity and common cause they have fewer options for respond North across national borders.' Such migra­ RENAMO, Mr. Alphonso Dhlakama, has not names of the crew involved in illegal air sense. They are in a hurry to be ing to climatic change. “For example, they tions would probably become an additional left Gorongoza to go to Maputo. He has used activities in support of UNITA. The fol­ Russian views capitalists and are using the shortest would find it more difficult to change over source of social and political confict.” □ the pretext that there is no good and secure lowing 16 crew members were named A spokesman of the Russian Embassy road of racist murder to get there. □ nouse tor him and his commanders. But, he _____ • _____ was offered one of the most beautiful houses in Maputo, the former residence of the Mayor Tunisia ratifies human rights conventions Tunislafias ratified all the international con­ of Maputo. The South Africans built a whole tration of marriages. She has further ratified .Morocco suspends elections ventions of human rights, the economic, so­ new complext of cottage houses in Maputo the convention aganist torture and other cial and cultural, civil and political, suppres­ abat, Morocco — Elections for a been held in 1990 but were postponed specifically for RENAMO. There are plenty of ~ruel. The country is currently preparing to Opposition parties complained of sion and punishment of the crime of apart­ houses for Dhlakama in Maputo. ratify the recent UN convention on the rights new parliament in Morocco, widespread government fraud in local to enable a referendum on the disput­ heid, the prevention and punishment of the of the child. Rrepeatedly delayed since 1990, elections in October last year. They sub­ ed Western Sahara to be held. Western In the meantime, the UN is 6 months behind crime of genocide , and the convention on However, Tunisia has not yet ratified the op­ have been put off until june 25. The bal­ sequently pulled out of a commission Sahara is a huge ex-Spanish territory schedule with their peacemaking operations. proscribing war crimes and crimes against tional protocol to the convenant on civil and loting had been set for April 30. formed to supervise the parliamentary claimed by Morocco. The referendum The general elections cannot be held in Oc­ humanity. Tunisia has also ratified the con­ political rights. This has only been signed by J elections. They disputed government aims to determine the wishes of its resi­ tober 1993 as originally planned. The most vention on the elimination of all forms of dis­ The government postponed the voting a few countries, and the USA, Britain and claims that it needs more time to pre­ dents towards independence. — Z1ANA- likely date for that important exercise is now crimination against women, political rights Switzerland are not among them. The pro­ saying it needed time to finalise voter pare for the voting. AP. □ July or August of 1994. Part of the 10 000 for women, the nationality of married wom­ tocol empowers the Human Rights Commit­ lists and print new ballots, the Socialist- strong contingent has started arriving in en and the convention on consent to marri­ tee to be informed of the complaints made backed newspaper, Liberation reporter. The elections were supposed to have Maputo age, minimum age for marriage and on regis by individuals against their own states. □ 14 ZIMBABWE NEWS MARCH/APRIL, 1993 15 ZIMBABWE NEWS MARCH/APRIL, 1993 1

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ZIMBABWE NEWS MARCH/APRIL, 1993 ZIMBABWE NEWS MARCH/APRIL 1993 17 N Special Report Special Report US recognition of Angola in view of an earlier South Africa peace plan Pressure mounts for US recognition He said that both parties believe the Bicesse ment towards democracy is being frustrat­ ed by civil conlict, such as Liberia, and An­ which proposed autonomy for southern An­ accords provide the framework for peace, gola, ‘the initial focus of our policy must be gola under a federal system. that both are prepared to discuss a cease­ to bring about peace’. of Angolo By Phyllis Johnson fire, and that both seek an effective, aug­ This issue may, however, be raised under Reflecting the thinking of the new US ad­ mented United Nations participation in the another point calling for ‘definition’ of the peace process, including peace-keeping. ministration, and a breath of fresh air for a powers of provincial administration. he new United States administation of continent battered by the Cold War and the Davidow said both the Government and UN- The Guardian (UK) said in mid-March that the President Bill Clinton is facing mount­ Reagan Doctrine, Moose told the Senate For­ Clinton administration had proposed a peace ing pressure to recognise the elected ITA ‘reaffirmed their view that Angola should T eign Relations Committee at the confirma­ plan involving a ceasefire, disarmament by remain a unitary state’, an important point government of Angola and open full diplo­ tion hearing that is in the interest of the US both sides and a run-off of presidential ele­ matic relations. But it seems that recognition in view of an earlier South Africa peace plan to prevent or resolve conflicts. ctions. The newspaper said the top US diplo­ remains conditional on the successful out­ which proposed autonomy for southern An­ gola under a federal system. He said this should be done oy working with mat in Angola, Edmund Dejamette, had been come of new peace talks between the Africa’s leaders and Africa’s friends, and sending cables to Washington since Novem­ This issue may, however, be raised under government and the US-backed National Un­ through strengthening the capacity of region­ ber urging recognition of the government. another point calling for ‘definition’ of the ion for the Total Independence of Angola (UN­ al institutions such as the Organisation of At his press conference in Abidjan, Davidow powers of provincial administration. ITA) scheduled for the first half of April at African Unity (OAU). ‘As Secretary (of State said there is no American plan for peace in (UK) said in mid-March that the a venue to be determined. The Guardian Warren) Christopher stated in Chicago, Angola’, but he spoke of national reconcilia­ Clinton administration had proposed a peace ‘America cannot thrive in a world of econom­ tion as a goal which *would entail broadened Some members of the US Congress are in­ plan involving a ceasefire, disarmament by creasing public pressure on the Administra­ ic recession, violent conflicts and participation by UNITA in the government at both sides and a run-off of presidential ele­ tion. In early March, the new chairman of dictatorships”. the national, provincial and local levels’. ctions. The newspaper said the top US diplo­ Moose said the new administration seeks the House Subcommittee on Africa, Rep, Har­ He said the humanitarian crisis in Angola is mat in Angola, Edmund Dejamette, had been partners in Africa, representative govern­ ry lohnston of Florida, called for immediate sending cables to Washington since Novem­ reaching a critical stage and both sides must recognition of the Angolan government. ments which can elaborate strategies and im­ ber urging recognition of the government. plement them. demonstrate, as a matter of urgency, thjeir “It is high time that we unequivocally told willingness to ensure the distribution of emer­ At his press conference in Abidjan, Davidow In emphasising the benefits of this policy to Mr Savimbi that enough is enough" lohnston the US itself, he was reflecting the preoccu­ gency and humanitarian aid. said ‘there is no American plan for peace in Davidow went on to list the issues ‘which told a Washington seminar. “And so with Mr Angola’, but he spoke of national reconcilia­ pation of the electorate, and thus the ad­ Mobutu.” ministration, with domestic affairs. should be discussed' at the nest round of tion as a goal which ‘would entail broadened direct talks with a view to Some Democrats who served in senior posi­ participation by UNITA in the government at ‘An Africa made up of stable democratic implementation as an integrated package. tions in the State Department during the Cart­ the national, provincial and local levels’. governments is important to American er administration in the late 1970s are lob­ This list would appear to contain more of UN- He said the humanitarian crisis in Angola is prosperity because of the potential markets bying hard for recognition of the Angolan ITA's agenda than that of the government, reaching a critical stage and both sides must it represents for increased American exports, government, regarding their own failure to but could be seen in the context of the demonstrate, as a matter of urgency, thjeir which in tum means additional American do so 16 years ago as one of the Carter ad­ negotiator. Davidow appointed to his posi­ willingness to ensure the distribution of emer­ jobs,’ Moose said.^For our own economic fu­ ministration’s greatest foreign policy tion by tne previous Administration of Ge­ US FYesident, Bill Clinton introducing his third Woman Law Chief Ms Janet Rena gency and humanitarian aid. ture, we need to be sure that we have ac­ mistakes. cess to those markets. orge Bush and" not yet replaced by Clinton, Davidow went on to list the issues ‘which may have been left in place to keep UNITA The United Nations Security Council adopt­ ton where he discussed the situation in An­ government late last year could have should be discussed’ at the nest round of ‘In addition, we also need to be certain of 'on side’. ed a tough resolution in early March calling gola and raised his country’s concern about prevented the war in Angola from direct talks with a view to implementation access to Africa’s immense natural resources. for an immediate cease-fire and return to escalating.” The continent holds 78 percent of the world’s threats by UNITA to sabotage or destroy the as an integrated package. According to the official text of his prepared negotiations before the end of April. Ruacana dam located in the Namibia-Angola chromium reserves, 89 percent of platinum More evidence is emerging of illegal flights This list would appear to contain more of UN­ statement released by the United States In­ border area, the dam supplies water and and 59 percent of the cobalt reserves.’ UNSC Resolution 811 set 30 March as the over neighbouring countries late last year, IT A’s agenda than that of the government, formation Service (IBIS): These issues include electricity to the population of northern deadline by which time both parties, “par­ and The Namibian newspaper has obtained ‘We need to be concerned about Africa,’ he (a) a cease-fire, (b) completion of the Bicesse Namibia. but could be seen in the context of the ticularly UNITA” should produce evidence a transcript of the official record for airspace negotiator. Davidow, appointed to his posi­ said, ‘because what happens in Africa affects Accords, (c) national reconciliation, to include “that real progress has been made towards Although Pretoria continues to deny direct violations of Namibia last November. The list tion by the previous Administration of Ge­ us.' broadened participation by UNITA at the na­ implementation of the peace accords. involvement in supplying their old ally UNI­ includes 51 airspace violations within 41 orge Bush and not yet replaced by Clinton, Meanwhile, the US Deputy Assistant Secre­ tional, provincial and local levels, (d) role and days in the border area by light aircraft and The Front Unes States (FLS) grouping of seven TA, they acknowledged that “private enter­ may have been left in place to keep UNITA tary of State, Jeffrey Davidow,*has been hold­ size of UNAVEM, (e) release of all prisoners by large cargo planes, usually overflying from southern African countries, at their summit prise” may be operating such a supply. Rus­ ‘on side’. ing separate, lengthy consultations with and detainees through the ICRC, (f) creation in Zimbabwe on 2 April, called for formal US east to north west and returning some two of the necessary conditions to permit emer­ sian Antonov cargo aircraft, under license to According to the official text of his prepared representatives of the Angolan government recognition of the democratically elected hours later gency, humanitarian assistance to all Ango­ operators in South Africa, are ferrying sup­ statement released by the United States In­ and UNITA in Abidjan, Ivory Coast. At a press government of Angola and urged the inter­ lans, (g) definition of the powers of provin­ plies, including food, fuel, medicine and A senior Angolan government official private­ formation Service (USIS): ‘These issues include conference in Abidjan on 28 March, Davidow national Community to persuade UNITA to cial administration, (h) guarantees of the weapons, to UNITA in Angola, and in south­ ly expressed concern for a similar peace (a) a cease-fire, (b) completion of the Bicesse said that both parties 'seemed prepared to comply with UNSC Resolution 811. western Zaire. process in Mozambique. “Mozambique is not meet under UN auspices by 12 April’ using security of people and property, and (i) free­ Accords, (c) national reconciliation, to include dom of the press.’ The Weekly Mail and Pretoria News revealed Angola,” he said, “but South Africa is still broadened participation by UNITA at the na­ the existing Bicesse Peace Accords as a “The Summit underscored the legitimate in early March that South African govern­ South Africa." tional, provincial and local levels, (d) role and ‘framework for peace’. right of the governement of Angola to de­ Speaking in Washington the following day, ment officials acknowledged this activity at size of UNAVEM, (e) release of all prisoners fend its sovereignty and territorial integri­ Meanwhile, the US Deputy Assistant Secre­ Describing what he called a ‘coincidence of the Assitant Secretary of State for African a meeting called by the Deparment of For­ and detainees through the ICRC, (f) creation ty and to have recourse to all means neces­ tary of State, Jeffrey Davidow, has been hold­ thought' between the Government of Ango­ Affairs-designate (to replace Herman Cohen), eign Affiars and attended by members of the of the necessary conditions to permit emer sary to realise that objective. In this regard, ing separate, lengthy consultations with la and UNITA, he highlighted the few points Ambassador George Moose, stressed the intelligence service, the army, air force and gency, humanitarian assistance to all Ango­ the summit appealed to the International representatives of the Angolan government of general agreement rather than the lengthy need for joint action towards peace and department of civil aviation. lans, (g) definition of the powers of provin­ Community to give every possible assistance qnd UNITA in Abidjan, Ivory Coast. At a press list of differences. prosperity. conference in Abidjan on 28 March, Davidow cial administration, (h) guarantees of the to the government of Angola.” He said that both parties believe the Bicesse “There was reportedly alarm at the meeting said that both parties ‘seemed prepared to security of people and property, and (i) free­ He said that in countries where the move­ accords provide the framework for peace, The leaders also called for a greater UN role as the penny dropped and as it appeared in­ meet under UN auspices by 12 April’ using dom of the press.’ ment towards democracy is being frustrat­ that both are prepared to in Angola to ensure effective peace-keeping creasingly likely that South Africa was albeit the existing Bicesse Peace Accords as a ed by civil conlict, such as Liberia, and An­ Speaking in Washington the following day, discuss a ceasefire, and that both seek an and complete disarmament of UNITA before indirectly and illegitimately through individu­ ‘framework for peace’. gola, the initial focus of our policy must be the Assitant Secretary of State for African effective, augmented United Nations partici­ holding the second round of presidential elec­ als fuelling the war in Angola,” said Pretor­ to bring about peace’. Describing what he called a ‘coincidence of Affairs-designate (to replace Herman Cohen), pation in the peace process, including tions, and for an expansion of the mandate ia News. Ambassador George Moose, stressed the Reflecting, the thinking of the new US ad­ and resources of the UN mission to Angola. thought’ between the Government of Ango­ peace-keeping. The media reports said officials at the emer­ la and UNITA, he highlighted the few points need for joint action towards peace and ministration, and a breath of fresh air for a One FLS foreign minister, Theoi-Ben Gurirab prosperity. Davidow said both the Government and UN­ continent battered by the Cold War and the gency meeting expressed the view that of general agreement rather than the lengthy ITA reaffirmed their view that Angola should of Namibia, has just returned from Washing- . “responsible reaction from the South African list of differences. Reagan Doctrine, Moose told the Senate For­ He said that in countries where the move­ remain a unitary state’, an important point eign Relations Committee at the confirma- 18 ZIMBABWE NEWS MARCH/APRIL, 1993 ZIMBABWE NEWS MARCH/APRIL, 1993 19 J Special Report Post apartheid SA and the SADC economics olitical developments in South Africa These signs point to an internationally or­ put in place commercial agreements with 17 are moving fast to the establishment chestrated collective invasion of the sub­ countries in this sub-region.This electricity Pof a Multi-Party Transitional Adminis­ continent by companies from the developed generating company is now undertaking tration by June, this year. Once this has been wprld working hand-in-glove with their South joint electricity generating projects in Ango­ accomplished, South Africa will then join the African partners. It is clear that this invasion la, Botswana, Congo, Lesotho, Madagascar, international community of free and indepen­ is aimed at flooding the markets in SADC Malawi, Namibia, Swaziland, Zaire, Zambia, dant nations. For SADC countries, this unfold­ countries with foreign manufactured goods. Zimbabwe and other countries. ing development brings political celebrations This will surely strangle the growth of nation­ The South African diamond company, De but also bodes potential disadvantages to al industries in the region. Beers, has gone as far west as Sierra Leone the independent growth of their national Already . the South African chemical giant, to take over the financially troubled Sierra economics SASOL, has concluded agreements with Zam­ Leone Diamond Mining Company (DMC). South Africa has a third of the population bia’s Kafue Nitrogen Chemicals for the South African trade delegations are daily of the 10 SADC countries but has more than production of 2 000 tonnes of fertilizers per seen snooping into the corridors of power 40 per cent of their combined Gross Domes month, beginning last March. Although the in almost all capitals of Sub-Saharan Africa. tic product.(GDP). This economic scenario dis­ programme is intended to m ^e Zambia self- It would be for the benefit of all concerned advantages each SADC country in relation sufficient in its fertilizer requirements, it were there to be equal terms of trade be­ to its economic dealings with the giant part­ would also mean the draining of Zambia’s tween post-apartheid South Africa and the ner. With the possible exception of Zim­ wealth into South Africa as SASOL will take SADC region. The reality is that nationals of babwe, the economies of SADC countries are 50 per cent of the profits. It will also mean countries in the SADC region, with the pos­ characterised by very narrow industrial denying an important market to other Afri­ sible exception of the white settler commu­ bases and a heavy dependence on the can fertilizer manufacturers such as Zim­ nity in Zimbabwe, are economically a disen­ production of primary products for the ex­ babwe, Mauretania and Morocco. franchised majority living outside meaning­ port market. Another South African giant , ESKOM, has ful enterpreneurial opportunites. □ Although the industrial picture in Zimbabwe is generally considered only second to that of South Africa, a majority of these indus­ 10-point program m e for Korean re-unification tries have roots firmly enchored in the South Africa economy. This industrial infrastructure resident Kim IL Sung of the Democrat­ interference. Angolan President, Cde. Eduardo dos Santos with Zimbabwe’s former President, Cde. Canaan Banana effectively facilitates the flooding of the lo­ ic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK), 5. Fears of invasion from the North and cal market with South African manufactured on Tuesday April 6, tion hearing that is in the interest of the US partners in Africa, representative govern­ jobs,’ Moose said. 'For our own economic fu­ P the South should be dispelled. Neither goods at the expense of local industries. 1993, presented a 10 point-programme of to prevent or resolve conflicts. ments which can elaborate strategies and im­ ture, we need to be sure that we have ac­ side’ should try to force its system on plement them. the re unification of the North and the South He said this should be done by working with cess to those markets. Botswana’s economy has been portrayed by the other nor threaten or invade the Korea to the Fifth Session of the Ninth other. Africa’s leaders and Africa’s friends, and In emphasising the benefits of this policy to many commentators as the most viable and ‘In addition, we also need to be certain of ably managed in the SADC region but this Supreme People’s Assembly of the DPRK. through strengthening the capacity of region­ the US itself, he was reflecting the preoccu­ access to Africa’s immense natural resources. 6 North and South Korea should bring observation overlooks its satelite status as Speaking at recent press conference in Ha­ al institutions such as the Organisation of pation of the electorate, and thus the ad The continent holds 78 percent of the world’s democracy and join hands on the road a Northern backyard for South African indus­ rare, the DPRK’s Ambassador to Zimbabwe, African Unity (OAU). ‘As Secretary (of State ministration, with domestic affairs. chromium reserves, 89 percent of platinum to national re unification, not rejecting Warren) Christopher stated in Chicago, trial out crops. Botswana’s export earnings Cde. Li Myong Choi, said one of the major the other for difference in principles. ‘An Africa made up of stable democratic and 59 percent of the cobalt reserves.’ ‘America cannot thrive in a world of econom­ are made up of 80 per cent diamonds, 7.8 points are that both the North and the South They should ensure freedom of debate governments is important to American ic recession, violent conflicts and ‘We need to be concerned about Africa,’ he per cent copper-nickel matte, and 4.2 per Korea should found a unified state on which prosperity because of the potential markets and not suppress or punish political op­ dictatorships”. said, ‘because what happens in Africa affects cent meat and animal hides. Thus, these both sides are equally represented. ponents. No-one should be charged for it represents for increased American exports, primary products constitute 92 per cent of us.’ n being pro-North or pro-South and all po­ Moose said the new administration seeks which in turn means additional American the total value of this largely desert coun­ The 10-point programme is as follows:- litical prisoners should be released. try’s exports.The diamonds, copper and nick­ 1. The North and the South should found el are mined by South African or other a Pan-national unified state which 7. Material and spiritual’ wealth of in­ foreign-owned mining companies. Genuine represent all members of the nation, dividuals and organisations should be Botswana exports are hides and meat. while leaving the existing two systems protected and encourage them to use and two governments as they are. The it favourably for the promotion of na­ South African companies have been making Mozambicans visit Zimbabwe unified state should be a confederal tional unity. preparations for the eventual domination of three-member delegation of the projects run by disabled persons in Zim­ time to time from the authorities. the economies of this sub-region for the last state in which the regional governments 8. The whole nation should understand, Disabled War Veterans Associa­ babwe in Glen View, Ruwa, Danhiko in of the North and the South are In his reply, the ZNLWVA Secretary- three years. These preparations have been trust and unite with one another A tion of Mozambique was recent­ Harare, and other centres in Bulawayo. represented on an equal footing. General, Cde. Ndhlovu, outlined the ob­ conducted in co ordination with partners through contacts'. All obstacles to con­ ly in the country to familiarise themselve from Western industrialised countries. Britain 2. Unity should be based on patriotism tacts and travels should be removed During their brief meeting with members jectives of his Association, and ex­ with the operations of the Zimbabwe Na­ will open a special office for co-ordionating and the spirit of national independence. and all people should travel without of the Zimbabwe National Liberation pressed “fervent hope” that the disabled tional Council for Disabled Persons. They development projects for Southern Africa in Citizens should reject flunkeyism and discrimination. War Veterans Association, Cdes. Charles also met with some members of the na­ Mozambican comrades will be succuss- (ohanesburg at the same that the Transition­ national hihlism that erode the nation’s Ndhfovu (Secretary-General) and Vivian 9. Things beneficial to national re­ tional executive of the Zimbabwe Na­ ful in their endeavours. He however said al Administration will be established, ie, in consiousness of independence. Mwashita (Secretary for Women’s Af­ unlike their Mozambican counterpars, unification should be encouraged in an tional Liberation War Veterans Associa­ lune this year. Last year, Japanese business­ unbiased manner and things that are fairs), Cde. Chauke narrated the histori­ the ZNLWVA did not have a sub division men attended a week long conference with 3. Unity should be achieved on the prin­ tion (ZNLWVA). harmful should be rejected. All political cal background of his Association which their South African counterparts and mapped ciple of promoting co-existence, co- that solely catered for disabled war vete­ parties and organisations should be he said was formed in 1992. He added out their new strategy for joint economic co­ prosperity and common interests. Both rans. “All that work is left to the Coun­ sides should promote the interests of allied. The delegation was headed by the Associa­ that his organisation was an autono­ cil for Disabled Persons,” he noted. operation in the region. In the USA, the Presi­ the -other with neither encroaching 10. Special favours should be granted to tion’s President Cde. Manuel Chauke. Its mous body that relied mainly on dona­ dent of the National Minority Supplier De­ velopment Council, Ms Harriet Michel, said upon the other. those who have contributed to the great registered membership amongst whom only tions from non-governmental organisa­ Renamo has an official representative two are women is 1 700. tions. He, however, said since they were in 1992, “Black American businessmen have 4. Political disputes that bring division and unity of the nation. Those who had within the organisation and efforts are prepared to expand into South Africa be­ turned their backs on the nation, and part of the Frelimo Government, they confrontation between fellow contry- underway to mobilise its members to cause they are being marginalised in the US men should be stopped. They should are remorseful of their past should be The delegation yisited a number of received some financial assistance from join the association. □ itself. jointly counter foreign aggression and treated leniently. □ ZIMBABWE NEWS MARCH/APRIL, 1993 20 ZIMBABWE NEWS MARCH/APRIL, 1993 Test your memory Test your memory If you don’t we can bet you a year’s supply pf Zimbabwe News that you cannot remember

r> * a

1 Write down the full names of all the dignitaries in this picture and the occasion at which it was taken* Answer:

2. This picture shows the; (a) Return of the Zimbabwe troops from Mozambique (b) Passing out parade of the ZNA 6th Brigade (c) Troops marchine past the salut­ ing dais on independence eve in 1980 5 p

3 This picture shows: 4 This picture shows: (a) Voters registration (b) Family planning counselling (c) Census 1982 Official taking oral history (a) Mazvikadei dam (b) Kariba dam (c) Mazoe dam (d) (d) Osborne dam

5 These houses are. (a) on a commercial farm (b) on a resettlement scheme in Mutoko (c) in a protected village in Chipinge (d) at Churu farm

* 1

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ZIMBABWE NEWS MARCH/APRIL, 1993 ZIMBABWE NEWS MARCH/APRIL, 1993 Views Foundation aids democracy abroad Start B y Duncan Mcivirter L P S Special Correspondence * he Westminster Foundation for a partty system not based on society. Democracy, less than a year old, patronage, personality or T is headed by a woman with a trade ethnicity. She adds: “In general, I would like to see union background who believes it is im- + The Foundation is funding is tech­ that we are concentrating our efforts in portant to build pluralist institutions nical evaluation mission by the eastern Europe and the ex-Soviet Union. abroad to encourage political stability Inter parliamentary Union involv­ I would particulary like to see us doing and therefore provide the right condi­ ing two parliamentary officials to work in Anglophone Africa.” tions for economic growth. assist the Yemeni Parliament’s ef­ Ms Warwick suggests that given the “Our task isn’t to sell the Westminster forts in becoming a multi-party background of empire and Britain’s role form of democracy,” says Diana War­ democratic institution. in the world, “one could almost say we wick, the Foundation’s chief executive, ★ The Foundation is supporting owe it to many of these countries to be “but to assist groups or organisations production of current affairs programmes and investigative more positive in their development than or indeed individuals who fire helping we have been in the past. towards the development of some form reporting at the Centre for Crea­ of democracy in their own country.” tive Television in the Ukraine’, thus “Desperately needed” allowing a greater flow of informa­ In her quest for the right green shoots Ms Warwick, formerly general secretary tion, diversity of opinion and ob­ of democracy to encourage, she stress­ of the Association of University jectivity than is available on the es that it would be “extremely arrogant” Teachers, moved in November 1992 to state network. to say that the only system worth her new job with the foundation, set up ★ With the British Council, the foun­ adopting was the British system. “But following consultations between the dation funded the recent “Wom­ we’re not doing that. What we’re say­ Government and the various political en in Leadership: Politics and Bus­ ing is that we have something to offer parties. A 14-member board of gover­ iness” conference in Vienna, the — a certain expertise, experience that nors is made up of members of Parlia­ idea of former Labour cabinet might be of help. We’ve also got some ment and non-party people drawn from NAIROBI minister and co-founder of the So­ cash which is desperately needed.” business, trade unions and the academic cial Democratic Party Shirley Wil­ world. liams, which drew together 70 fe­ OAR ES SALAAM She notes that overseas projects can Technical Assistance male leaders from all the former also benefit from the Foundation’s abil­ The Foundation operates on a £1 mil­ eastern bloc countries, the Euro­ ity to bring in more help from like- LILONGWE pean Community, the United LUSAKA lion Government grant and is expected minded organisations in North America States and Canada. HARARE to supplement this with contributions and western Europe. from the private sector. Projects fund­ ★ Two major conferences of the La­ Ms Warwick believes that if most coun­ WINOHOEK ed range widely in size, nature and lo­ tin American women’s organisa­ MAURITIUS tries are turning towards a market- GABORONE' cation. Money could support technical tion Conciencia have won support JOHANNESBURG / MAPUT0 assistance to newspapers in Albania and — a recent one focusing on Argen­ based economy, it would be best if they MANZINI tina and bringing together 74 did not fall into the same trap as some DURBAN Slovenia, purchase a desktop publishing system for the Seychelles Institute for chapters of the organisation with developing countries — namely, concen­ Democracy, or pay for the air fares and the aim of training women for par­ trating in just one product and being ex­ accommodation for 20 delegates to an ticipation in civic and communi­ ploited by the developed countries. African Youth Leaders’ Conference. ty life, the other one to be held in “It’s really quite important for us to build You don’t have to wait until you May 1993 in Buenos Aires and at­ get to the beaches of Kenya or Some recent projects include: pluralist institutions to encourage, sta­ Mauritius to start your holiday. tracting delegates from through­ ★ The Conservative Party provided bility and therefore to encourage eco­ Because, when you fly out Latin and North America and nomic growth and regeneration, be­ technical assistance to three Air Zimbabwe, your holiday begins some European observers. cause they will then be able to play their from the time you step aboard. Czech and Slovak parties in the part in international markets,” she says. Air Zimbabwe’s tradition of caring, fields of party organisation, poli­ Civic Groups means that you’ll be truly pampered cy and presentation and cam­ As if referring to this last Latin Ameri­ Ms Warwick, 47, is also a member of all the way, so you’ll arrive can example, Ms Warwick says: “I’m refreshed and in a paign planning. the board of the British Council and a holiday-frame-of-mind. ★ The Labour and Liberal Democrat­ both a woman and come from a trade governor of the Commonwealth ic parties brought people from union background, and one particular Institute. area where some of the Foundation’s Hungary, Czechoslovakia and Rus­ The Westminster Foundation for sia to observe the UK general elec­ money will be spent is likely to be in the development of civic, groups, possibly Democracy is fully independent in Its tion in April 1992. decision-making and the British Govern­ ★ The Foundation bought and even women’s rights groups. It’s often through these sorts of groups that po­ ment has no right of veto on the projects shipped a second-hand printing it chooses to support. □ press to enable the Russian Social litical parties eventuaDy develop.” Democratic Party to produce She says she has to grasp the differences weekly newspaper. between the wide variety of countries. It pays to ★ With the US National Democratic “I’ve got to understand that there isn’t ‘ Institute, the Foundation is fund­ just one template that you can apply advertise in A tradition o f caring. ing a programme of seminars and and say, right, that’s it, follow these Zimbabwe News technical advice to all Zambian rules and you have democratic struc­ political parties, aimed at building tures and a pluralist democratic magazine 24 ZIMBABWE NEWS MARCH/APRIL. 1993 ZIMBABWE NEWS MARCH/APRIL, 1993 26 Health Documents Child killer diseases Final Communique of the Summit of the Frontline States ne 1993 State of the World Children’s have challenged this conventional wisdom. would have the opposite effect. “When par­ eaders from the nine Frontline States report from the United Nations Inter­ Ten years ago, vaccines reached only about cepting the results of the elections held in and submit reports on the process of unity ents are more confident that their existing (FLS) met in Harare, Zimbabwe, on April national Children’s Education Fund, 20 per cent of the developing world’s chil-* Septejnber 1992. to the Chairman of FLS and urged the Liber­ T children will survive,” he says, "they tend 2,1993, primarily to discuss the polit­ UNICEF, has said that almost two thirds of dren,” says UNICEF, “but today, the figure L ation Movements to cooperate with the to have fewer children. The goals agreed at ical situations in Angola, South Africa, and The Summit called on those members of the the reported 13 million yearly deaths in de­ is 80 per cent. The jump has been achieved Frontline States Chairman. the World Summit for Children, including a Mozambique. Present were: Presidents; international community with influence on veloping countries are due to three diseases, by mobilising the vastly improved commu­ The Summit took note of the belated admis­ steep reduction in child deaths, universally Robert Mugabe (Zimbabwe), Ali Hassan UNITA to prevail on it to comply with the pneumonia, diarrhoea, and measles. The nications and outreach capacities of the de­ sion by the South African Government that available family planning services, and a bas-‘ Mwinyi (Tanzania, joaquim Chissano UN decision and in particular, the UN Secu­ three have also been attributed to much of veloping world.” it had nuclear weapons. In this regard, it ic education for all children, especially girls, (Mozambique, Sam Nujoma (Namibia), Sir rity Council Resolutions 11 (1983). The Sum­ today’s child malnutrition. However, "all “Immunisation proves it can be done,” says called upon the United Nations to send an would make a strong and mutually reinforc­ Ketumile Masire (Botswana), Vice President mit underscored the legitimate right of the three diseases,” says the report, “could now UNICEF Executive Director, Mr. james P. inspection team to South Africa to verify the ing contribution to solving the population Admiral Augustus Aikhomu (Nigeria), Prime government of Angola to defend its be prevented or treated by means which are Grant, “Eight percent immunisation means problem.” Minister Marcolimo Moco (Angola), Foreign sovereignty and territorial integrity and to dismantling and destruction of these tried and tested, available and affordable.” that 100 million children are being reached Mr. Grant’s view vyas endorsed at the recent have recourse to all means necessary to rea­ weapons and have full access to the facili­ Pneumonia, with 3.5 million young victims Affairs Minister Vernon Mwaanga (Zambia). by a modem medical technique on four or earth Summit in Rio de Jenairo. Summit lise that objective. In this regard, the Sum­ ties and the relevant records. a year, is the biggest single killer. “In 80 to OAU Secretary-General, Dr. Salim A. Salim, five separate occasions during their first year Secretary-General, Mr Maurice Strong, told mit appealed to the International Commu­ 90 per cent of cases”, says UNICEF, “the and SADC Executive Secretary, Dr. Simba The Summit welcomed the establishment of of life. As a logistical achievement, it is un­ participants in the gldbal environmental nity to give every possible assistance to the problem is bacterial and can be controlled Makoni also attended the Summit meeting. the Frontline Resident Mission in South Afri­ precedented; and it shows beyond any doubt meeting that, “the effort to reduce illness and government of Angola. by a course of antibiotics lasting for five days Participating in the Summit as observers ca to complement the efforts of the Libera­ that the outreach capacity now exists to put malnutrition, and to reach the goals of the and costing US25 cents.” were Cdes Nelson Mandela, President of ANC, The Summit called for a complete end to out­ tion Movements and other groups in their the basic benefits of scientific progress at the World Summit for Children, is crucial not only and Clarence Makwetu, President of the PAC. side interference in the internal affairs of An­ negotiations with the South African regime. Diarrhoeal diseases which claim 3 million disposal of the vast majority of the world’s for its own sake but, also as a means of help­ gola and in particualar, called on those coun­ The Liberation Movements were called upon children's lives a year, come in a close se poor.” ing to slow population growth and make rvw- Angola tries which have been supplying arms to UN­ to maintain dialogue with the Frontline States cond Sadly though, half of diarrhoeal dis­ The summit was briefed by the leader of the ITA to put a stop to it, and to respect Ango­ in all matters of common interest. eases could be prevented by simply teach OAU High Level Delegation, His Excellency la’s territorial integrity and democratic ing parents to use the almost cost-free tech Mozambique President R.G Mugabe, which visited Luan­ institutions. nique of oral rehydration therapy. da from 27 - 28 December, 1992. It appreciat­ The Summit expressed its deep concern at The Summit appealed to the United States The third major killer, measles, claim 20 pei ed that the Angolan Government and the the delay in implementing the timetable of Government to accord formal recognition to cent of the 13 million child deaths, thus newly elected multi-party National Assem­ the General Peace Accord which was signed the democratically elected Government of about 800 000 children each year. Research­ bly members responded positively to the in Rome in 1992. In this connection, the Sum­ Angola. The Summit considered that such a ers are coming up with new evidence which recommendation that dialogue with UNITA mit' urged the United Nations to speed up positive step would advance the democrat­ suggest that children who have had. measles be resumed inorder to find a peaceful solu­ the process of deploying the UN peace keep­ ic process in that country. are far more likely to succumb to tfther dis­ tion to the refusal by Dr Jonas Savimbi to ing force as provided in the framework of the eases — and to malnutrition. Measles vac come to Luanda to hold consultations with South Africa United Nations Operation for Mozambique, cination costs less than USA50 cents pei the OAU High Level Delegation and UNITA’s UNOMOZ. The Summit was briefed by the Liberation child. continued reluctance to engage the Delega­ tion in any form of dialogue. Movements on the process of negotiations The summit called on Renamo to urgently Other low-cost but high-impact strategies for a democratic and non-racial South Afri­ send to Maputo its representatives for the stand ready and waiting to be put into prac­ The Prime Minister of the republic of Ango­ ca, violence and unity of the democratic various commissions provided under the tice, says UNICEF. Vitamin A deficiency, la, Dr Marcolino Moco, briefed the Summit forces in South Africa. General Peace Accord, in order to make the which blinds a quarter of a Million children on the crisis in Angola, in particular, the Commissions fully operational. grave social, political and military situation Regarding negotiations, the Summit wel­ each year and threatens up to 10 million comed the convening of an all-party negoti­ The Summit noted with satisfaction that both with serious illness and death, could now be caused by the actions of UNITA and its lead­ ations forum and called on parties to engage parties to the General Peace Accord are ob­ brought under control by small changes in er. The Summit deplored the unacceptable n ncuuny immunised child in genuine negotiations and move speedily serving the ceasefire diet or by six-monthly vitamin A capsules. level of human suffering and the high num to the holding of elections for the Constituent The cost would be only be a few cents per Community health workers ber of casualties resulting from renewed con­ The Summit commended the statesmanship sible environmentally sustainaDle develop­ flict and urged all parties to observe a cease­ Assembly. shown by President |oaquim Chissano in en­ child. Iodine deficiency, the world’s biggest The report from UNfCEF points out that put­ ment in the 21st century and beyond.” fire and exercise restraint in order to prevent suring that the Mozambican Government re­ cause of mental retardation, could also be ting into practice today’s basic child health The Summit expressed concern at the con­ any further loss of life and to permit the deliv­ mained committed to the peace process and eliminated worldwide at a total cost of ap­ strategies is not primarily a job for fully quali­ Priority tinuing violence which continued to pose a proximately, US$100 million. ery of food and other humanitarian as­ threat to a democratic process and in this the establishment of democracy in fied doctors whose seven-year training can The 1993 State of the World’s Children report sistance to the thousands of people who are regard, reiterated its demand to the South Mozambique. 1990 Summit cost US$100 000 or more. also points out that today’s means of pro­ suffering without respite. In this regard, the African Government to fulfil its primary The Summit renewed its appeal to the Inter­ tecting children’s lives and health are so low The world is nonetheless, moving fast “Community health workers with only a few Summit urged the international community responsibilty to maintain law and order in national Community to provide every as­ in cost that they can be put into action by towards health-for-all by the year 2000. At months training can recognise pneumonia to assist, as a matter of urgency, to provide the country. The Summit appealed to all po­ sistance to the government of Mozambique almost any country that makes a “sustained the 1990 World Summit for Children that, and prescribe antibiotics, teach oral rehydra­ humanitarian assistance to the people of litical parties to contribute to the creation of to enable it to successfully implement the political commitment”. The evidence for this was attended by nearly half of the world’s tion therapy, organise immunisation and Angola. tolerant climate conducive to unimpeded po­ Peace Accord. In this regard, the Summit is that high levels of immunisation have been Prime Ministers and Presidents, a quest for record-keeping services, and provide vitamin litical activity. urged the International Community to fulfil achieved by some of the world’s poorest The Summit called for a greater United Na­ a programme to improve child health at a A and iron supplements. They can also pro­ The summit noted with appreciation the posi­ the pledges of assistance already made to countries — including Bangladesh, the Cen­ tions role in Angola to ensure effective peace­ very low cost was the main item on the agen­ vide family planning information and serv tive role played by the various International the peace process. tral African Republic, Equatorial Guinea, My­ keeping and complete disarmament of UNI­ da. The goals set at that meeting included ices; promote home hygiene and disease monitoring groups in South Africa and called The Summit of the Heads of State of the anmar, Nepal, the Sudan, Uganda, Viet Nam, TA’s illegal army before holding the second- halving of deaths caused by diarrhoeal dis­ prevention; inform families of the advantages for the broadening of their mandates. Frontline States expressed its appreciation and Zambia. round of presidential elections. It further eases, a one-third reduction in deaths from of breastfeeding; pass on today’s knowledge and gratitude to H.E President R.G. Mugabe, called for a general expansion of the man­ The Liberation Movements were exhorted to pneumonia, a 90 per cent cut in measles about child growth; organise protection Calling on the industrialised nations to sup­ the Government and the people of the date and resources for the UNAVEM effort. recognise the importance of unity among the deaths, and the virtual elimination of vita­ against malaria; distribute essential drugs port this new effort, the report concludes: "If Republic of Zimbabwe for the warm welcome The Bicess Accords remained the only via­ representatives of the disenfranchised majori­ min A and iodine deficiencies. Plans to and medicines; and refer more difficult health today’s obvious and affordable steps are not and traditional African hospitality as well as ble formular for peace and UNITA must ty. The Summit decided that the F.L.S Resi­ achieve these targets have since been drawn problems to more qualified health profession­ taken to protect the lives and the health and the excelllent facilities placed at the disposal demonstrate its peaceful intentions by ac­ dent Mission should be seized of this issue up in more than 54 countries and ,are in als,” explains the report. the normal growth of many millions of young of all delegations during their stay in Harare. preparation in more than 80 more. children, then this will have less to do with ______P t Population “Until recently, it was argued that available the lack of economic capacity than with the Worries have, however, been expressed fact that the children concerned are almost low-cost solutions could not be put into prac­ about whether the child health revolution exclusively the sons and daughters of the tice on the necessary scale because there that UNICEF is now proposing would lead to poor — of those who lack not only purchas 13th Anniversary tyas no adequate delivery system. But the an even; greater population explosion. Ac­ ing power but also political influence and me­ immunisation achievements of the 1980s cording to.Mr. Grant, saving children's lives dia attention.” □ 26 ZIMBABWE NEWS MARCH/APRIL, 1993 ZIMBABWE NEWS MARCH/APRIL, 1993 / ■ ~DA Y S r n t t STOPOVER • Zimbabwe's mbira music queen INCLUDES HOTEL ACCOMMODATION IN MALTA AND SOFIA

any music followers will agree that women from playing mbira and persuaded Zimbabwe’s list of exponents of her uncle to teach her. Although her uncle That rights! Stopovers in either direction? Mtrue traditional music cannot be did not have any objections, he warned her complete without ’’Ambuya" Stella Chiweshe. that women were not allowed to play mbira 7 days in a fully equipped apartment Stella Chiweshe, undoubtedly Zimbabwe’s because it was feared that this would under­ in Malta or 2 days half board in a A mbira music queen, started playing the tradi­ mine their chances of settling down or get­ tional instrument at a very early age. She dis­ ting married, as they would be on the run 5 star hotel. FREE!!! all the time. regarded traditional folk lore that prohibits Fly the bonus airline Discover old history, golden beaches, ^A

winter ski resorts and ‘ friendly people, Drums (ngoma) play a vital role in African music “1 scoffed qt the warning as nothing but a myth”, she^aid. However, Stella was later to realise her un­ cle’s warning when she started to undertake 55 SAMORA MACHEL AVENUE HARARE: PH 729213 TELEX 4203 international tours. She says: “1 remembered the words of my uncle whilst I was on a plane to Europe, it was summer, but here I was, leaving my mother to work on the fields alone. My eyes filled with tears but Subscription there was nothing I could do because I had already made the choice." Following^ a number of successful overseas Form for tours. Stella has established herself through­ out the world and for a woman who has achieved such success in selling Zimbabwe’s traditional music abroad, honour has not Zimbabwe News been slow in coming. Chiweshe says the African background has 12 issues (one year) Z$15 6 issues (six months) Z$7.50 had a tremendous influence on her, helping to ignite and keep aflame her desire to teach the world that: “traditional music is the soul of life. 1 grew up in a traditional African soci­ ety, where one wakes up to hear the sounds of mbira and drums. When a child is bom there is mbira and drums. When you come of age, there is mbira, drums and dance to celebrate the rites of passage. When one gets married people come from all over to par­ ticipate in this, with mbira, drums and dance.” THE RATES INCLUDE POSTAGE AND Chiweshe’s brand of music is basically tradi­ tional and classical in outlook. However, she HANDLING. I ENCLOSE MY CHEQUE says she had great difficult in trying to trans­ form from a dandaro to a stage performer. POSTAL ORDER FOR THE AMOUNT The change resulted in the expansion of her act to include the bass marimba and drums. INDICATED ABOVE. However, the development has not affected the fabric of her music. The Circulation Manager In a country in transition to a new cultural The mbira music maestro-Ambuya Stella Chiweshe identity and moving away from an ex­ The People's Voice perience that shunned anything African, 144 Union Avenue q s • !® v • o f • 0 2 * Chiweshe has become a true cultural

1 6 6 1 UI ajpjPH UI liujuins saipjs aui|)uo.i) e ip uuapisajd ovd> nWM crusader and has set thousans of foreign feet Harare )(BW aauajpp 3P3 pup (|pjauao /Upjajoas nVO) uiqps paujqv iui|PS ap3 (eiqiuiPN) piuoIn w ps )uapisa.id {anbiq dancing to her beat. She has become an in­ ujpzow) oupssup uinbpol juapisaid (P|oSuv) soiups sop opjpnpj juapisaid (aMqpquuzl aqpSnw uaqofj map 7Ambabwe isqjd (luapisajd s.piqurez jauuoj) ppunpx qjauuax apD (bupm sios) ajispw nanQ juapisajd (piupzupjJ iAuimw ternationally acclaimed star in her own right UPSSPH rrv JuapisaJd (PuaSiN) pprSupqpg unqpjqi juapisaid *(DNV jo luapcsajd) pppupw uos|asi apo ija| uiojj and still treats the mbira instrument as s w o m a o x n o A j s a j ^ o \ u a M s a y sacred, belonging to the Shona gods. □ ZIMBABWE NEWS MARCH/APRIL, 1993 ZIMBABWE NEWS MARCH/APRIL. 1993 Poetry Best all-time defender DESPAIR he legendary Pele has described Moore began his professional career at He quit football to concentrate on busi­ the late Bobby Moore who died of West Ham United in the late 1950s. By ness interests in 1977 before being lured Tcancer last month as the best the age of 17 he had captained England back in 1979 as the manager of non­ defender of all times, a product of the at youth level, making eight appearance league Oxford City. He then became sixties in the same way as the Beatles at under-23 international standard be­ manager and director of Southend in or Michael Caines. fore his full debut just 11 days before 1983. Tired and hungry, with mud and dirt sodden start of the 1962 World Cup in Chile. Moore was not only the greatest A soleless shoe looking up for mercy defender in British football’s history, but His England career started against Peru In 1986 he left the club to venture into Brown islands under the armpits in Lima on May 20, 1962. Until Peter the most distinguished of all English cap­ journalism. He began as a sport editor Convexing and converging the wide tarmacs. tains. From the moment he lifted the Shilter, overtook him in Denmark in of Sunday Sport, but was more comfort­ Jules Rimet Trophy after his country’s 1989, he held the record for the num­ able with his role as a match analyser Desparate for anything only World Cup success at 5.15 p.m. on ber of England caps. Not only did Moore for Capital Radio. He searched July 30, 1966, he and his team mates captain England 90 times — a record were guaranteed a place in English which still stands but he was also In the last two years, Moore was a regu­ Lying on the coarsy grass sporting folklore. England clobbered named footballer of the year in 1963-64 lar golfing opponent on England tours Shielding the and crumbled face from the scouging sun West Germany 4-2. and led West Ham to FA Cup success and a men 18 handicapper, the golf in 1964 and the European Cup Winners courses of Europe offered him a chance Alternating dozes with gazes at the bolted gates Bom in Barking on April 12, 194.1, Cup win the following year. to exhibit his competitive q Surely asunder, a sign reads NO WORK Daydreaming in admiration of the lucky secretaries passing Wondering how they did it Government urged to assist national soccer team He rested he Member of Parliament for football body to sustain the team. What “I also want to highlight that during that Witch-hunters could not cast the ancestral spirits Makonde West, Cde. Mayford Ma- is at stake here honourable members is time, ZIFA was not able to produce good Apostolic sects could not cast away the demons Twere, appealed to the government the Zimbabwe national flag,” he said. results that is, players bonuses were to make its fair share of contribution to fixed at $500 for a win, camping was Prayer could not cast away the evil spirit the Welfare of the national soccer team. He said the national team coach Rein- Doctors could not prescribe the right medicine hard Fabisch has done a good job and. at Chikurubi Support Unit Camp camp­ has earned the country some reputation ing periods were about one week before Crying for his mother’s mistake was in vain Addressing fellow Members of Parlia­ the game if not shorter,” he said. ment last February, he said though the because of the success of the team. Desparate for a job “It would appear from the contribution government has limited financial He puzzled resources it could at least forego the six in the House that there is an impression However, Mawere said before these per cent sport commission levy and created in newspapers that the coach Frustrated and worn out results could be achieved, the then Zim­ is being frustrated. Honourable mem­ donate the use of the national stadium Beer-drinking was the resort to the the national team. babwe Football Association executive, bers, there is always two sides to a sto­ mounted a five year development plan ry and I feel that the success we are hav­ Shady deals were the calculable solution “This will go a long way in alleviating which was spearheaded by Ben Koufie ing now cannot be attributed wholly to Criminology was a faculty the financial constraints faced by the — a former director of coaching. one person,” Mawere said. □ Robbery was the ordar of the day fter sending the Egyptians reeling out of the Running in the Africa Prostitution was a trade A Zone World Cup Group C Quali The "dream team" He survived fier in Lyon, France on April 15, Zimbab­ wean soccer has now come of age. makes the dream come true Like mushroom grew shanty towns In this replay which was ordered by FIFA Like butter spread on bread grew AIDS after riots in Cairo on February 28, the crowd. In the early stages of the game Coach Reinhard Fabisch’s idea of play­ Like rivers flowed alcoholism warriors flamed like true champions the Egyptians tested the Zimbabweans ing Mercedes Sibanda as a midfielder In a mentally-ill zoo, he was caged who have a mission to accomplish — with some defence-splitting passes but paid dividends as he never gave Egyp­ to make it to the 1994 World Cup finals Zimbabwe's rear guard marshalled by tian dangerman Hani Ramzi room to By the public in America. skipper Ephraim Chawanda did not manouvre. Mapeza, a midfielder at club He was viewed succumb. level did his part in thwarting Egyptian The National Soccer Team now affection­ By Margaret Hanyani ately known as the “Dream Team” held As the game gained momentum, the raids from the left flank. the highly-fancied Egyptians to a goal­ “Dream team" started to dictate the This is the first time Zimbabwe has less draw. They only needed a point to pace with young Norman Mapeza, reached this stage of the competition advance to the next round, and now featuring in only his second international thanks to the German Coach, Reinhard meet Cameroon, the 1990 World Cup game, playing his heart but. The Zim­ Fabisch, whose professional approach quarter-finalists and Guinea. babweans started to carry the game to has improved the team’s play. His ap Zimbabwe absorbed a lot of pressure the Pharoahs! They nearly took the lead proach to soccer has also compelled from the Egyptians who were cheered in the first half when Peter Ndlovu’s shot ZIFA to award him some autonomy in on by a lot of support from over 15 000 from the right wing hit the side net. the selections and handling of players. □ 30 ZIMBABWE NEWS MARCH/APRIL, 1993 Tough African efforts in order to meet conditions need tough the challenge. products. Dunlop tyres With new technology have stood the test of and the benefits of time in Zimbabwe and international research throughout Africa. and development, With the growth Dunlop is unswervingly and expansion of committed to the manu - Zimbabwe, Dunlop is facture of safer, better driven to even greater products for Zimbabwe.

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