Environmental Monitoring Report

Semestral Report July 2008

PRC: Gansu Roads Development Project

Prepared by Gansu Environmental Monitoring Center for Gansu Provincial Department of Transport and the Asian Development Bank.

This environmental monitoring report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature.

In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.

Luohandong~Dingxi Expressway Environmental Monitor Report

Gansu Roads Development Project Luohandong~Dingxi Expressway Environmental Monitoring Report (the 1st and 2nd Quarter of 2008)

I. Foreword This Expressway is the artery of transportation for Longdong Region (eastern part of Gansu Province). As being an entrance and exist to the east, it plays an important role in connecting the east with the west in the State road network. It also a key sectional part constitutes Gansu Trunk Highway Network so-called “Four Longitudinal, Four Transversal and Four Importance”, and a bridge promoting exchanges among Gansu, Qinghai, Xinjiang and Ningxia Provinces in the economic fields, and also an important passageway to Tibet region. This Project is partially financed by Asian Development Bank. The construction period is from 2006 to 2009. To ensure the implementation of environmental protection work for this Project, and based on the monitor plan indicated in the “Environmental Impact Assessment Report of Luohanddong~Dingxi Expressway” (EIA), in 2007, Gansu Provincial Communications Department Changda Highway Co., Ltd (GCHC) entrusted Environmental Evaluation Center of Pingliang City, Gansu Province (the Center) to conduct monitor of the current environmental quality during construction period in the project area. To fulfill this task, some relevant technicians have been appointed to make site survey during March 2007. In accordance with relevant environmental quality criteria and monitor technical specification issued by SEPA, and required by the EIA and ADB, it is proposed a monitor scheme for the Project, i.e. to conduct environment monitor for 3 years during the construction period, and 4 times each year (once in every quarter, one report in every half year). Upon the agreement made by ADB and GCHC in regard with this scheme, a monitor contract has been signed. According to the contract, the monitor of the current environmental quality during construction period has been done in year 2007 and 1st half of 2008, Based on these monitors above, the report is drawn out.

3 Environmental Monitoring Center of Gansu Province Luohandong~Dingxi Expressway Environmental Monitor Report

II. Basis for Compiling the Report 1. P.R.C Environmental Protection Law (12/1989); 2. Environmental Protection Management Regulations for Construction Projects [State Council Decree No.253, 1/1998]; 3. Notice of the Relevant Issues Concerning Noise for Highway, Railway (including Light Rail) Construction (file no. 94/2003); 4. Environmental Impact Assessment Report of Luohanddong~Dingxi Expressway prepared by Environmental Impact Assessment Office of Tsinghua University in Oct. 2004 5. Comments to Environmental Impact Assessment Report of Luohanddong~ Dingxi Expressway provided by Environmental Protection Bureau of Gansu Province 6. State Relevant Environment Criteria and Methods Standard (1) Ambient Air Quality Standard (GB3095－1996) (2) Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water (GB3838-2002) (3) Standard of Environmental Noise of Urban Area (GB3096-93) (4) Contract of Environment Monitor for Luohandong~Dingxi Expressway (technical part) (5) Environmental Monitoring Report for Construction Project (file No. [2006]15) issued by Environmental Monitoring Center of Gansu Province (6) Environmental Monitoring Report for Construction Project (file No. [2007]12) issued by Environmental Monitoring Sation of Pingliang, Gansu Province

III. Brief Introduction of the Project

3.1 Basic Information of the Project This Expressway starts at Luohandong of Jingchuan County and ends at Shibalipu of Dingxi City to the northeast, passing through Jingchuan County, Pingliang City, Jingning County, Huining County and Dingxi City, with total length of 231.056km.

3.2 Brief Introduction of Natural Environment

3.2.1 Eco-environment

4 Environmental Monitoring Center of Gansu Province Luohandong~Dingxi Expressway Environmental Monitor Report

From east to west, the proposed expressway passes by valley area of Jinghe River at east of Liupan Mountain, forestry area of Kongtong Mountain and loess plateau area at west of Liupan Mountain. The Jinghe River, which categories agricultural type, is distributed mostly the irrigated land; Kongtong Mountain, which situated at low mountainous area of Liupan Mount, belongs to natural ecologic type and is suitable for growth of trees and multiplying of wild animals; the loess plateau, covered by loess largely, on which sparsely grows vegetations but some herbage vegetables, has potential in danger of soil erosion due to the relatively fragile ecology.

3.2.2 Water System From east to west, the route passes Jinghe River, Dongxia Reservoir, Hulu River, Gouwa River, Zuli River and Zu River. Liupan Mountain is the dividing ridge of water system in this district. The rivers in east part belong to Jinghe River and those in west part belong to Weihe River. Jinghe River is confluent with Weihe River, which belongs to the secondary tributary of Yellow River, and is an important tributary of Weihe River.

3.2.3 Soil Types, Animals and Vegetables Jingchuan County and Kongtong District are mostly covered with loessal soil. Soil erosion can be categorized into loess plateau ravine area, loess hilly ravine area and gully area, which is mainly due to water power and identified as light corroding degree. Huining County and Dingxi District are mostly covered with grey cinnamon soil, heilu soil and loessal soil. The route is traveling through a loess hilly ravine area, with large hypsography, some sections are passing through relatively flat terrace. Jingchuan County, where the weather belongs to continental climate, has no large scaled natural forest and grass. Trees there include poplar, acacia, paulownia, stink bug, elm and spine date etc. Kongtong District, where the weather belongs to wind continental climate, has 3970 thousand mu forestry land, in which the forestry coverage rate reaches 17.98%. Forestry holds an advantageous position in the province. There are over 1000 species of vegetations including some 100 types of economic plants and

5 Environmental Monitoring Center of Gansu Province Luohandong~Dingxi Expressway Environmental Monitor Report medicinal vegetations such as sea buckthorn and liquorice, and 243 species of wild animals. The aquatic productions are mainly fresh water fish and soft-shelled turtle. Nature protection area of Kongtong mountain, covered by forestry taking over 70% of the total area, belongs to provincial protection areas. There are more than 1000 species of vegetations, 32 kinds of forestation trees, approximate 30 kinds of vegetations for raising and grazing such as vegetations in pea and standing grain families. There are 243 kinds of vertebrate belonging to 25 orders, 65 families. According to the inventory of wild protection animals released in 1989, there are totally 13 species national protection animals, in which 3 species are class I and 10 species are class II protection animals. There are plenty of insects there. By primary investigation, there are 907 kinds of insects belonging to 16 orders, 107 families and 454 genuses. Jingning County, Huining County and Anding District, in which vegetation there include natural vegetation and man-made vegetation. Natural vegetations are mainly herbage with sparse and low fraction of coverage. Man-made vegetations are formed by tree and grass planting. There is only 330 acre natural shrub on Tiemu Mountain in Huining County. Animals mainly include: wolf, fox, sheep and hare etc.

3.2.4 Weather The west of Liupan Mountain is located at sub dry area of mid temperate zone, and that at east of Liupan Mountain belongs to sub humid area of south temperate zone. In whole region, the climate is dry and hot in summer, and cold in winter with small precipitation and big evaporation capacity. Natural vegetation there is sparse, and farm crop mainly belongs to dry corp. In the Project area, the average annual temperature is relatively lo. The period with deposited snow and ice in winter is usually last several months long. Big evaporation capacity, fog appears in rainy season with low visibility there. The main weather features listed as in the following table 3-1.

Table 3-1 Weather Features Along the Expressway

Items Parameter

6 Environmental Monitoring Center of Gansu Province Luohandong~Dingxi Expressway Environmental Monitor Report

annual average temperature 0.9～10℃

highest average temperature in a year 12.3～34.3℃

lowest average temperature in a year –29.7～2.3℃

relative humidity 61%～68.2%

average atmospheric pressure 723～810.4mbhPa

Annual average precipitation amount 413.9～691.76mm

annual average evaporation capacity 1131～1736mm

IV. Conclusion of EIA and Suggestions

4.1 Conclusion of EIA The construction of the Expressway will bring about very good social and economic benefits, which gets full support from the public. The determined alignment is quite reasonable by avoiding the interruption of the urban planning of Jingchuan County, Pingliang City, Jingning County and Huining County and by- passing Queen Mother’s Palace and Dongshan Forestry Park. The selection of alignment takes due consideration of requiring farmland and resettlement as less as possible. Transversal access to be reserved accounts for 1.01 No. for each kilometer on average. The impact to local people’s lives is relatively small during operation period. The influence of construction to the type and features of eco- environment along the Expressway is not evident, and to Kongtong nature protective area is small either. The environment along the expressway can be protected, soil erosion can be effectively controlled and landscape in the construction area can be improved only if mitigation measures are taken as in the Project Environmental Protection Management Plan. The measures are including conduct of protection works, drainage, greening works, recovery of plantation on temporary construction land and protection for sensitive target in acoustical environment. In a word, there are no obvious environmental constraint factors existing in this Expressway. The construction of this Expressway is feasible from environment point of view.

7 Environmental Monitoring Center of Gansu Province Luohandong~Dingxi Expressway Environmental Monitor Report

4.2 Suggestions in EIA For the local residents’ convenience, the number and location of the access should be carefully reviewed. The access shall be in high quality. Over-bridges or underpass should be built near all the schools along the Expressway. The capability of environmental protection of contractors shall be taken as one of the major evaluation criteria when the bidding documents are evaluated. Supervision and monitor for environment shall be implemented as scheduled for ensuring that each environmental protection measures are taken during construction period. Great attention shall be paid to Kongtong natural reserve area, water source and other sensitive spots by keeping close cooperation with local government and environment authorities. The location of following borrow-spoil soil pit shall be adjusted: Borrow -spoil soil pit in Kongtong natural reserve area shall be cancelled and the substitute will be at Qinggang Tunnel area for spoiling, no additional borrow pit will be added here. It is suggested that the spoil pit at upper reaches of Dongxia Reservoir of Jingning County should be cancelled and instead somewhere in the west, where is far away from the Reservoir.

4.3 Main Comments of the Approval of EIA (1) The technical evaluation comments are agreed upon principally; (2) The project area includes Qingyang City, Pingliang City, Baiyin City and Dingxi City of Gansu Province. The construction organization shall actively accept the daily supervision from local environmental department, and strictly implement the environment and ecosystem preventative measures during the construction period. (3) The Project is located in the loess plateau ravine area of Gansu east, with quite fragile entironment. Ecosystem protection and environmental supervision are the key tasks of the environment protection for the Project. In the process of construction, all the environment protection measures listed in the Report shall be put into practice. Funds to be used for environment protection of the Project estimated about 155.37 million CNY shall be guaranteed, and a 3.5 million CNY

8 Environmental Monitoring Center of Gansu Province Luohandong~Dingxi Expressway Environmental Monitor Report special fund exclusively used for the monitor and supervision during construction period shall be in place in full sum. (4) The Expressway will pass through drinking water source protection area of Pingliang under earth. The construction organization shall strictly implement environment management and monitoring plan in accordance with Regulations on the Prevention and Treatment of the Pollutions in the Drinking Water Source Protection Area. In the process of construction, special people shall be appointed on site responsible for such prevention work. In case under earth water is polluted, warning signs shall be set. Risk prevention and detailed treatment measures shall be worked out for drinking water source protection in the operation period. (5) The Expressway will cross the only natural protection area experimental region of Gansu Province called Taitong~Kongtong Mountain. Required by the pre- review meeting, a team of experts in biology and ecology fields has made a detailed survey on August 14, 2004 and afterwards held an exclusive workshop. Through lots of discussions, demonstrations and analysis, it is agreed to the selected route and alignment. Meanwhile, strict measures for protection of ecosystem are also proposed, such as no borrow, spoil, quarry will be placed in the protection area, all the waste residue and garbage must be hauled out of the protection area. Vehicle’s driving route shall be regulated. Fence/ barriers shall be placed in some road section where is necessary and warning signs shall be set for identifying the construction area. (6) The influences on the eco-environment that the Expressway will bring about may cause or aggravate wind, water and gravity erosion, disturbance of land surface and deteriorate woods and grass through cutting, construction of subgrade, bridges and culverts and other construction activities. When the construction begins, the protection measures and risk prevention measures presented in the Report shall be strictly implemented and funds to be invested for environment protection shall be in real use. (7) In the process of construction, relevant laws and regulations concerning culture relics shall be strictly complied with. Special people shall be appointed to take the due responsibility. Besides, highway construction shall keep in

9 Environmental Monitoring Center of Gansu Province Luohandong~Dingxi Expressway Environmental Monitor Report harmonious with the sight of the surroundings, especially with that of Taitong~Kongtong mountain. (8) During construction, if any major changes happened in alignment, project affected areas and ecology protection, it is a must to report to Environment Bureau of Gansu Province for approval in a timely basis. In case it badly affected and destroyed ecosystem, relevant department shall be reported to.

V. Evaluation Criteria for Monitor Based on the Approval of Proposed Criteria for Environmental Impact of this Expressway (letter No. [2004] 6) issued by Gansu Provincial Environmental Protection Bureau, the following evaluation criteria will be adopted:

(1) Noise Schools adjacent to project area will use level II criteria in City Area Environmental Noise Standard (GB3096-93). See table 5-1:

Table 5-1 Evaluation Criteria for Noise unit: dB (A)

Evaluation Criteria Day Night

Limit Value of level II in City Area Environmental Noise Standard 60 50 (GB3096-93)

(2) Atmospheric Environment Kongtong natural reserve area will follow class I in Air Quality Standard (GB3095- 1996), the rest of project area will follow class II. For the details, please see table 5-2:

Table 5-2 Evaluation Criteria for Air Quality unit: mg/m3

Category TSP

Class I in Air Quality Standard (GB3095- Average value in 0.12 1996) day Class II in Air Quality Standard (GB3095- Average value in 0.30 1996) day

(3) Water Environment

10Environmental Monitoring Center of Gansu Province Luohandong~Dingxi Expressway Environmental Monitor Report

According to Surface Water Quality Standard (GB3838-2002), the section of Jing River from Bali Bridge, Pingliang City to upper reaches will use Class II criteria, from Bali Bridge to Chagnqing Bridge will use Class III criteria. Dongxi Reservoir will take criteria of class II. Hulu River class II, Zuli River class III.

Table 5-3 Evaluation Criteria for Water Quality unit: mg/L（except pH）

Standard pH CODCr Petroleum TSP Class Ⅱ 6～9 ≤15 ≤0.05 200

Class III 6～9 ≤20 ≤0.05 200

* Standard of TSP in the above table refers to the dry farming standard in Criteria of the Quality of Agricultural Irrigation Water (GB5084-92).

VI. Monitoring Items and Method According to EIA of this Expressway and Gansu Provincial Communications Department’s requirements, the monitoring during construction period will be carried out in three aspects: surface water quality, noise and air quality. Since the Project is located in northwest part of China where no construction activities but only tunnel works will be carried out during winter time, i.e. in the first and fourth quarter. Based on this actual situation, and required by ADB, the environment on constructing tunnels will be monitored during the first and fourth quarter, and the whole line will be monitored during the second and the third quarter.

6.1 Contents of Monitor for the 1st Quarter

6.1.1 Monitoring of Noise (1) Monitoring items and frequency Frequency: two days for each time, one in daytime and one in night. (2) Monitoring positions Totally 4 places, include Qinglan Tunnel, Taiping Tunnel, Laojun Tunnel and Wolong Tunnel. For the specific position, please see the attached Monitor Points Map. (3) Monitoring Method The monitoring methods will be selected according to related regulations in Measuring Method o f Urban Environmental Noise (GB/T 1423). Monitoring will be

11Environmental Monitoring Center of Gansu Province Luohandong~Dingxi Expressway Environmental Monitor Report carried out with assistant of AWA6218A Automatic Noise Statistic and Analysis Device.

6.1.2 Monitoring of Air Quality

(1) Monitoring items and frequency Items mainly include: TSP. Frequency: three days for each time. (2) Monitoring positions Totally 6 places, include Qinglan Tunnel, Taiping Tunnel, Laojun Tunnel, Wolong Tunnel, Jingning Tunnel and Qinggang Tunnel. (3) Monitoring and analysis Method Monitoring and analysis method are based on related regulations in Technical Regulations on Environment Monitoring, Standard of Air Quality (GB3095-1996). Duration for sampling TSP shall not less than 12 hours a day. The analysis method will adopt the State standard method.

6.1.3 Surface Water Quality (1) monitoring items and frequency

Items include: pH, CODCr, TSP, Petroleum. Frequency: two days for each time. (2) Monitoring positions Totaled 2 places, include Dongxia Reservoir in Jingning, and Yanzhi River (Kongtongxiakou). See the following table:

Table 6-4 List of Monitoring Location and Items for Water Quality Monitoring Items No. Location pH CODCr TSP Petroleum Dongxia Reservoir 1 2 2 2 2 in Jingning Yanzhi River 2 2 2 2 2 (Kongtongxiakou) Total 4 4 4 4

(3) Monitoring and analysis method

12Environmental Monitoring Center of Gansu Province Luohandong~Dingxi Expressway Environmental Monitor Report

The monitoring was carried out strictly in the way of state standard analysis method or in accordance the requirements in Water and Waste Water Monitoring and Analysis Method (4th edition).

6.2 Contents of Monitor for 2nd Quarter

6.1.2 Monitoring of Noise The main purpose is to understand the influence on schools and resident areas situated within 100 meter of project area. (1) Monitoring items and frequency Frequency: two days for each time, one in daytime and one in night. (2) Monitoring positions Totaled 13 places, include Leijiagou primary school at K17+550, Wangjiagou primary school at K29+400. Wulipu primary school at K44+550, Xiangming primary school at K52+300, Huasuo primary school at K65+950, Baishui Middle school at K74+950, Yanwu primary school at K108+300, Jiangjiagou Xingguang primary school at K123+650, Balipu village at K214+600, Dachuan primary school at K250+700, Niuping primary school at K261+500, Jinger Middle school at K294+950 and Huacha primary school at K327+900. (3) Monitoring Method The monitoring methods will be selected according to related regulations in Measuring Method of Urban Environmental Noise (GB/T 1423-93). Monitoring will be carried out with assistant of AWA6218A Automatic Noise Statistic and Analysis Device.

6.2.2 Monitoring of Air Quality The main purpose is to understand the influence on air quality in the construction area caused by project construction. (1) Monitoring items and frequency Items mainly include: TSP; Frequency: three days for each time (2) Monitoring positions Totaled 10 places, include Leijiagou primary school at K17+550, Xiangming primary school at K52+300, Huasuo primary school at K65+950, Baishui Middle school at K74+950, Yanwu primary school at K108+300, Jiangjiagou Xingguang

13Environmental Monitoring Center of Gansu Province Luohandong~Dingxi Expressway Environmental Monitor Report primary school at K123+650, Dachuan primary school at K250+700, Niuping primary school at K261+500, Jinger Middle school at K294+950 and Huacha primary school at K327+900. (3) Monitoring and analysis Method Monitoring and analysis method are based on related regulations in Technical Regulations on Environment Monitoring, Standard of Air Quality (GB3095-1996). Duration for sampling TSP shall not less than 12 hours a day. See table 6-2.

Table 6-2 Monitoring analysis method for air pollutant

Instrument for Method of Analysis limit Items Basis Sampling Sampling Method mg/m3 KC-120H Intelligent Filtration Weight GB/T15432－ TSP TSP Sampler 0.001 membrane method 95 (medium flow) 6.2.3 Surface Water Quality The purpose is mainly to know the influence on surface water caused by construction (1) monitoring items and frequency

Items include: pH, CODCr, Suspended Particle (TSP), Petroleum. Frequency: two days for each time. (2) monitoring positions Include Zuli River (Zuli River Bridge, Huining County), Dongxia Reservoir, Jing River at Kongtongxiakou and at Jingchuan Shuiquan Temple (No.3 pumping office), Luohandong. Please see table 6-3 (3) Monitoring and analysis method The monitoring was carried out strictly in the way of state standard analysis method or in accordance with the requirements in Water and Waste Water Monitoring and Analysis Method (4th edition). See table 6-4.

Table 6-3 List of Monitoring Location and Items for Water Quality Monitoring Items No. Location pH CODCr TSP Petroleum Zuli River Bridge, Huining 1 2 2 2 2 County Dongxia Reservoir, Jingning 2 2 2 2 2 County

14Environmental Monitoring Center of Gansu Province Luohandong~Dingxi Expressway Environmental Monitor Report

3 Kongtongxiakou 2 2 2 2 Jingchuan Jing Shuiquan Temple 4 2 2 2 2 River (No.3 pumping office) 5 Luohandong 2 2 2 2

Total 10 10 10 10

Table 6-4 List of Monitoring Analysis Method Source of Detection Item Analysis Method method Value pH Glass Electrode Method GB6920－86 0.01pH

CODCr Potassium dichromate method GB11914-89 5mg/L TSP Weight method GB11901-89 4mg/L Petroleum spectrophotometry GB/T16488－96 0.01mg/L

6.3 Quality Guarantee and Quality Control

6.3.1 Measures for Quality Guarantee To ensure the monitoring data are representative, accurate and reliable, all people participated into this monitor are trained and qualified through test with qualification certificate. The monitor is in compliance with current technical specification. All the monitor service provided is effectively controlled under quality guarantee system.

6.3.2 Quality Control of Sample All the measuring devices and instruments used in this monitoring activity are checked up by the measurement department and revised by analyst. The whole process of monitor, including sampling, transport, handing over, lab analysis and data processing etc., is well under quality control.

6.3.3 Quality Control of Lab Analysis Lab analysis is carried out strictly in line with the regulations and taken measures concerning quality control. Analysis methods are in compliance with the related regulations and standards. For the items using weighting method, constant weight operation is adopted. The error of two weights is smaller than 0.5mg.

15Environmental Monitoring Center of Gansu Province Luohandong~Dingxi Expressway Environmental Monitor Report

6.3.4 Quality Control of Data Process and Analysis All the original data and statistic data are calculated and processed by strictly following the quality control measures in monitor specification. All the data is reviewed and checked by three levels i.e. analyst, quality in charge and project manager.

6.3.5 Result of Quality Control

To ensure a good quality of monitor, special people was appointed for responsible for the quality control, working out the detailed measures to be taken, providing guidance during monitor process and supervise the implementation of quality control measures.

(1) Noise The monitor of noise was carried out strictly in line with the related regulations in Criteria of Urban Area Environmental Noise (GB3096-93). The analysis instruments used in this monitor were calibrated by Acoustic calibrator AWA6221B. The error of sensitive degree is all less than 0.5dB(A).

(2) Air Quality For the result of quality control, please see the following table 6-5.

Table 6-5 Monitored Air Sample Analysis Monitor Confidence Items Result Evaluation Period Scope 1# 0. 3814～0.3815 0. 3815±0.0005 Qualified March 2007 2# 0.3844～0.3845 0.3845±0.0005 Qualified TSP 1# 0.3368～0.3370 0.3369±0.0005 Qualified May 2007 2# 0.3437～0.3439 0.3439±0.0005 Qualified

(3) Surface Water For the result of quality control, please see the following table 6-6 and 6-7.

Table 6-6 Monitored Surface Water Sample Analysis (1 quarter of 2008) Index pH CODcr Petroleum Evaluation calibrated a:0.276 Regression Equation Qualified curve b:1.098

16Environmental Monitoring Center of Gansu Province Luohandong~Dingxi Expressway Environmental Monitor Report

Relevant Coefficient 0.999 Qualified Measured Data 6.59 119 Qualified Accuracy Confidence Scope 6.57±0.09 120±4. 9 Ref. No. QW-2005- QW-2005- 012 172 Site Scope 0.1-0.8 0-0 Qualified Sample Average 0.4 0.0 Qualified error Lab Scope 0-1.1 0-0 Qualified Sample Average d=0.05* ≤20 ≤20

Table 6-7 Monitored Surface Water Sample Analysis (2 quarter of 2008) Index pH CODcr Petroleum Evaluation Regression a:0.094 Qualified calibrated Equation b:1.164 curve Relevant 0.999 Qualified Coefficient Measured value 6.99 21.0 Qualified Accuracy Confidence Scope 7.06±0.09 19.8±2.2 Ref. No. QW-2005-013 GSBZ50001- 88 Qualified Site Scope 0-0.8 0-0 Sample Average 0.2 0.0 Qualified error Qualified Lab Scope 0-1.5 0-0 Sample Average ≤20 ≤20

From the above results, it can be seen that all result of quality control sample are within the confidence scope. The rate of measured value is 100% qualified. It demonstrates that this monitor is carried out under the controlling state and the results of monitor are accurate and reliable.

VII. Monitor Result and Evaluation

7.1 Result and Evaluation for 1st Quarter

7.1.1 Noise The noise mainly comes from project construction and social lives. For the outcomes, please see the following table 7-1.

Table 7-1 Noise Monitor Outcomes Leq:dB(A)

17Environmental Monitoring Center of Gansu Province Luohandong~Dingxi Expressway Environmental Monitor Report

Distance Date of No. Linkage Position Daytime Night from Tunnel Monitor Wangwan Wolong 51.9 50.1 March 24 Village 1 Tunnel 50m Wolong K245+116 52.3 March 25 Community 50.0 Tiaocha Laojun 49.8 March 24 Village 42.4 2 Tunnel 30m Xipo K247+607 48.7 46.3 March 25 Community Taiping 50.2 March 24 Dashanchuan 48.2 3 Tunnel 50m Village K252+432 51.2 50.5 March 25

Qinglan 51.3 50.1 March 24 Qinglan 4 Tunnel 70m Village K322+600 53.3 50.2 March 25 Class II standard limit in Criteria of Urban Area 60 50 Environmental Noise (GB3096-93)

All the data shown in the above table is below the Class II standard limit in Criteria of Urban Area Environmental Noise (GB3096-93).

7.1.2 Air Quality Six monitor points are set in air sensitive area. The results are shown in table 7-2

Table 7-2 TSP Monitor Results mg/m3 Distance Daily Exceeding Linkage Position from Density Date of Monitor Multiples Tunnel mg/m3 0.66 1.20 March 24 K129+613 Qinggang Xigou Village 1000m 0.70 1.33 March 25 Tunnel 0.71 1.36 March 26

Gaochengzhai 0.78 1.60 March 24 K208+700 Village, Eight Jingning Community 150m 0.72 1.40 March 25 Tunnel Nine Community 0.88 1.93 March 26 0.58 0.93 Wangwan March 24 K245+116 Village Wolong 50m 0.49 0.63 March 25 Wolong Tunnel Community 0.53 0.77 March 26 K247+607 Tiaocha Up to 30m 0.23 March 24 Laojun Village standard

18Environmental Monitoring Center of Gansu Province Luohandong~Dingxi Expressway Environmental Monitor Report

Distance Daily Exceeding Linkage Position from Density Date of Monitor Multiples Tunnel mg/m3 Tunnel Xipo 0.39 0.30 March 25 Community 0.47 0.57 March 26

0.63 1.10 March 24 K252+432 Dashanchuan Taiping 50m 0.70 1.33 March 25 Village Tunnel 0.77 1.57 March 26

0.77 1.57 March 24 K322+600 Qinglan Qinglan 70m 0.55 0.83 March 25 Village Tunnel 0.60 1.0 March 26 Class II criteria in Ambient Air Quality 0.30 Standard (GB3095－1996) (average daily)

Data in the above table shows that the TSP monitored results at 1st Quarter are exceeding the standard to some extent, the multiple is ranging from 0.3 to1.93. Because that the sensitive points are near Taiping Tunnel construction site and 312 national highway, they are greatly influenced by dusts coming from these two sites. The sites are located on the Loess Plateau, so the monitor results have a close relationship with the dry climate and much high background level of ambient air.

7.1.3 Surface Water Two sections set for monitor of surface water. The result is shown in table 7-3.

Table 7-3 Monitor Results of Surface Water mg/L Applied pH Monitor Monitored spot SS CODcr Petroleum Standard Value Date 7.78 76 6.14 0.06L March 25 Yanzhi River 7.80 72 6.34 0.02L Class Ⅱ March 26 Jingning standard 8.02 51 19.8 0.03L March 25 Dongxia 8.08 50 20.0 0.03L Reservoir March 26 Class Ⅱ standard 6～9 ≤200 ≤15 ≤0.05 / Rate of exceeding standard 0 0 0 100% / * Standard of TSP in the above table refers to the dry farming standard in Criteria of the Quality of Agricultural Irrigation Water (GB5084-92).

19Environmental Monitoring Center of Gansu Province Luohandong~Dingxi Expressway Environmental Monitor Report

The result shows that the petroleum at Yanzhi River is exceeding class II standard in Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water (GB3838-2002), but other monitor results are up to the standard. The CODcr at Dongxia Reservoir exceeds the standard. The main reason caused this exceeding includes that water used for construction of Qinggang Tunnel is from Yanzhi River of Kongtongxiakou, Jinghe River, which is polluted due to inflow of small amount of industry sewage discharged from a starch plant in the upstream of Dongxia Reservoir.

7.2 Monitor Result and Evaluation for the 2nd Quarter

7.2.1 Noise There are many sensitive areas along the Expressway, total 13 monitor points are selected at the two sides of the Expressway. Noise mainly comes from project construction, social lives and traffic driven on No. 312 National Highway. Please see table 7-4.

Table 7-4 Noise Monitor Outcomes Leq:dB(A) During No. Linkage Position Daytime Date of Monitor Night

Leijiagou Primary 50.6 46.6 June 7 1 K17+550 School 51.3 47.9 June 8

Wangjiagou 53.3 49.9 June 7 2 K29+400 Primary School 51.8 48.6 June 8

Wulipu Primary 51.6 48.3 June 7 3 K44+550 School 54.3 50.4 June 8

Xiangming Primary 53.8 49.2 June 7 4 K52+300 School 55.6 48.1 June 8

Huasuo Middle 51.6 48.6 June 7 5 K65+950 School 50.8 47.3 June 8

Baishui Middle 49.6 43.1 June 7 6 K74+950 School 48.2 44.5 June 8

Yanwu Primary 51.7 48.4 May 31 7 K108+300 School 53.2 49.1 June 1

Xingguang Primary 45.5 43.1 May 31 8 K123+650 School 47.4 44.3 June 1 9 K214+600 Balipu Village 45.8 41.2 June 3

20Environmental Monitoring Center of Gansu Province Luohandong~Dingxi Expressway Environmental Monitor Report

During No. Linkage Position Daytime Date of Monitor Night 46.3 40.8 June 4

Dachuan Primary 42.3 38.0 June 3 10 K250+700 School 41.6 39.3 June 4

Niuping Primary 40.5 38.2 June 3 11 K261+500 School 39.8 37.1 June 4 54.7 48.2 June 3 12 K294+950 Jier Middle School 57.9 51.3 June 4

Huacha Primary 42.3 39.8 June 3 13 K327+900 School 44.5 41.2 June 4 Class II standard limits in Standard of Environmental Noise of Urban Area 60 50 / (GB3096-93)

Noises monitored in the selected spots are all lower than the limits in Class II standard in Standard of Environmental Noise of Urban Area (GB3096-93).

7.2.2 Air Quality 10 spots are set in air sensitive area. The result is shown in the following table 7- 5.

Table 7-5 TSP Monitor Result mg/m3 Monitor Daily Density Exceeding Linkage Date of Monitor Position mg/m3 Multiples 0.45 0.50 June 5 Leijiagou K17+550 0.49 0.60 June 6 Primary School 0.53 0.76 June 7 0.43 0.60 June 5 Xiangming K52+300 0.48 0.60 June 6 Primary School 0.50 0.67 June 7 0.55 0.83 June 5 Huasuo K65+950 0.57 0.90 June 6 Primary School 0.60 1.00 June 7 0.31 0.03 June 5 Baishui Middle K74+950 0.33 0.10 June 6 School 0.36 0.17 June 7

21Environmental Monitoring Center of Gansu Province Luohandong~Dingxi Expressway Environmental Monitor Report

Monitor Daily Density Exceeding Linkage Date of Monitor Position mg/m3 Multiples 0.57 0.90 June 5 Yanwu Primary K108+300 0.70 1.33 June 6 School 0.66 1.20 June 7 0.51 0.70 June 5 Jiangjiagou K123+650 Xingguang 0.50 0.67 June 6 Primary School 0.48 0.60 June 7 0.67 1.23 June 5 Dachuan K250+700 0.58 0.93 June 6 Primary School 0.53 0.77 June 7 0.41 0.37 June 5 Niuping Primary K261+500 0.51 0.70 June 6 School 0.55 0.83 June 7 0.51 0.70 June 5 Jier Middle K294+950 0.55 0.83 June 6 School. 0.54 0.80 June 7 0.38 0.27 June 5 Huacha K327+900 0.41 0.37 June 6 Primary School 0.45 0.50 June 7 Quality Standard of Environmental Air（GB3095 - 1996） 0.30 Class II Standard (Daily Average) The result shown in the above table indicated that TSP level of 10 points selected are exceeding the standard, the multiple is ranging from 0.03 to1.23, so it is low pollution. Reasons of this low pollution include higher TSP background level of ambient air, the dry climate of the Loess Plateau and dusts from No. 312 National Highway.

7.2.3 Surface Water Five sections are selected for surface water monitor. The result is shown in the following table 7-6.

Table 7-6 Monitor Reult of Surface Water mg/L

22Environmental Monitoring Center of Gansu Province Luohandong~Dingxi Expressway Environmental Monitor Report

Standard pH Monitor Monitored Spots SS CODcr Petroleum Applied Value Date 8.33 207 104 0.048 June 5 Luohandong Class Ⅲ 8.37 265 102 0.051 June 6 3# pump in 8.24 222 168 0.057 June 5 Jingchuan Class Ⅲ 8.28 220 166 0.049 Shuiquan Temple June 6 7.50 470 4.44 0.047 Kongtongxiakou June 4 Class Ⅱ in Jinghe River 7.47 474 4.88 0.044 June 5 Dongxia / / / / / Reservoir in Class Ⅱ / / / / Jingning / 6.45 901 107 0.203 Large Bridge of June 4 Class Ⅲ Zuli River 6.49 911 117 0.237 June 5 Class II Standard 6～9 200 ≤15 ≤0.05 / Class III Standard 6～9 200 ≤20 ≤0.05 /

Rate of Exceeding Standard 0 100% 75% 50% /

* Standard of TSP in the above table refers to the dry farming standard in Criteria of Quality of Agricultural Irrigation Water (GB5084-92).

The result shows that out of 4 monitor results in the 5 monitored spots, the pH values are up to the standard in Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water (GB3838-2002); The rate of exceeding standard for SS, CODcr and Petroleum are 100%, 75% and 50% respectively. The main reason of exceeding standard are atmospheric drought, river drying up, industry and domestic sewage flowing into rivers. In the course of sampling, Dongxia Reservoir at Jingning was drying up, so we didn’t get the measured values.

VIII. Prevention Measures and Suggestions for Environmental Impact

8.1 Noise Prevention Measures and Suggestions During construction period, the noise mainly comes from construction activities and transportation. To reduce the noise impact on the residents along the Expressway, the following measures should be taken: (1) Construction camp, material stock area and fabrication plant should be positioned far away from the environment protection target.

23Environmental Monitoring Center of Gansu Province Luohandong~Dingxi Expressway Environmental Monitor Report

(2) In the road sections where are near school, construction organization should consult with the school side the time permitted in a day for using the large machines and equipments, so as to avoid interrupting normal teaching activities at school. (3) During transport peak time on local roads, vehicles for construction purpose shall be decreased as much as possible for reducing noise.

8.2 Dust Prevention Measures and Suggestions (1) Strengthen transport management. Construction roads shall be watered in time. Powdered material shall be contained in tin or bag. Flyash should be hauled in wet. Soil, cement, lime and similar material should be covered by cloth. (2) When stirring lime, soil and such kind of powdered material, it should not be placed upon the windward of the sensitive areas. Such work shall be suspended in days with heavy wind. (3) Stocked construction material should be covered by cloth and piled at the leeward of the sensitive areas.

8.3 Prevention Measures and Suggestions for Impact on Water Environment (1) The Expressway will be across Jing River. To protect environment, discharging waste residue into river is not allowed. (2) Sewage should not be discharged into any river along the Expressway. Solid waste shall not be piled around river unorderly. No construction camp should be established at the above road sections. When pile foundation is constructed, The construction pollution of bridge foundation to the river along the Expressway sould be avoided as much as possible. (3) Dustbins should be placed at dining hall, waiting room, grocery, public toilet, the repairing station and such places with crowed people. Person should be appointed to be in charged of cleanness, and collecting garbage to garbage station in service area or parking lot, garbage disposal should be properly and regularly.

8.4 Measures to be Taken for Eco-environment Protection (1) The land to be covered for construction shall be strictly controlled. Waste residue after construction should l be cleared and hauled out of site timely.

24Environmental Monitoring Center of Gansu Province Luohandong~Dingxi Expressway Environmental Monitor Report

Attention shall be paid to animal and plant protection at project area during construction. Destroy and occupation of any extra land should not be permitted. (2) No waste material should be discharged in the protection area. Retaining wall should be placed at the edge of subgrade for stop stone rolling when mountain being excavated. (3) Attention should be paid to the fire prevention. Fire extinguisher should be equipped. (4) As soon as construction activity finished, the temporary land and the cutted mountain should be recovered with vegetation. Afforesting should be made at both sides and center belt of Expressway.

Ⅸ. Summary for Monitor Result and Evaluation

9.1 Result and Evaluation for 1st Quarter

9.1.1 Noise All the data shown in the above table is below the Class II standard limit in Criteria of Urban Area Environmental Noise (GB3096-93).

9.1.2 Air Quality Data in the above table shows that the TSP monitored results at 1st Quarter are exceeding the standard to some extent, the multiple is ranging from 0.3 to1.93. Because that the sensitive points are near Taiping Tunnel construction site and 312 national highway, they are greatly influenced by dusts coming from these two sites. The sites are located on the Loess Plateau, so the monitor results have a close relationship with the dry climate and much high background level of ambient air.

9.1.3 Surface Water The result shows that the petroleum at Yanzhi River is exceeding class II standard in Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water (GB3838-2002), but other monitor results are up to the standard. The CODcr at Dongxia Reservoir exceeds the standard. The main reason caused this exceeding includes that water used for construction of Qinggang Tunnel is from Yanzhi River of Kongtongxiakou, Jinghe River, which is polluted due to inflow of small amount of industry sewage discharged from a starch plant in the upstream of Dongxia Reservoir.

25Environmental Monitoring Center of Gansu Province Luohandong~Dingxi Expressway Environmental Monitor Report

9.2 Result and Evaluation for 2nd Quarter

9.2.1 Noise Noises monitored in the selected spots are all lower than the limits in Class II standard in Standard of Environmental Noise of Urban Area (GB3096-93).

9.2.2 Air Quality The result shown in the above table indicated that TSP level of 10 points selected are exceeding the standard, the multiple is ranging from 0.03 to1.23, so it is low pollution. Reasons of this low pollution include higher TSP background level of ambient air, the dry climate of the Loess Plateau and dusts from No. 312 National Highway.

9.2.3 Surface Water The result shows that out of 4 monitor results in the 5 monitored spots, the pH values are up to the standard in Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water (GB3838-2002); The rate of exceeding standard for SS, CODcr and Petroleum are 100%, 75% and 50% respectively. The main reason of exceeding standard are atmospheric drought, river drying up, industry and domestic sewage flowing into rivers.

According to the monitor results above, we put forward the suggestions and measures to be taken for noise and dust prevention, Water and Eco-environment improvement.

26Environmental Monitoring Center of Gansu Province