DOCSLIB.ORG

CHAP. I, B. and Other Centres. He Practically Created the Carpet

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

218 JIND STATE . ] CHAP. I, B. and other centres. He practical ly created the carpet indust ry of Sangrur Descriptive. and made a great collect io n of objects of art. In this way he ga ve a gre at stimulu s to loca l talent, and Jind is undoubted ly the first of th e PhUlkiiln HISTORY . Stat es as regar ds artistic manufactur es. This able and enlightened ruler · R~j a Raghblr di ed in 188 7, and his death ,",,, as a los s to the province. His onl y son Si ngh'! interf:st in arts and Balb ir Singh had died during his father's lifet i~e , leaving a young son, manufactures. Ranbir Si ngh, to succeed to the gaddi . Rija Ranbir Singh, born in 1879, A.D. 1887. was then only 8 years old at his accession, and a Council of Regen cy was appoint ed to carryon the administr ation until he attained majority. Full powers were giv en him in November 1899 in a darba r held at Sangrur. An account of the relations of th e Ph lilkian States ,,,ith the British Gov ernm en t has been given above (page 48) . The services of the Impe rial Service ]fnd Infantry in Ti rah wi ll be noticed be lo w in Chapter II I, Sec- tion G (Arm y) . ANTIQU ITIES. The Kuruk · Th e famo us battle -field of Kuruk sh etra , where the Kauravas and sh ctra. Pandavas fou ght for eig hteen days, is situa ted on the so uth side of Thanesar, 30 miles south of Ambal a in the Punjab, and an ac count of its antiquities will be found described in Cu nningham 's Archa Jolog z'cal SU1 'vey Reports, Vol . XIV, p. 86.Giv en be low is a note by L. Raghu nat h Das, ::)uperinten- den t of Ethno gra phy in the Jin d State , which rela tes to that part of th e Kuruk- sh etra whi ch lies in that State and forms the sout hern bo rder of the sacred territor y, lying west of Panfpa t and inc luding Safidon and ]fnd , the two an cient to" ..ns. whi ch are the most importa nt places in the south as Thanesar and Pehoa are in the north of the Kur uks hetr a. Th e details of the various temple s, shrines and pl aces of pilgrimage in th is tract do not lend count e- nanc e to Cunn ingham's suspicion that both Kaithal and Jind ha ve bee n included in the holy ci rcu it in rec ent ti mes to gratify the Sikh Rajas of thos e pla ces . The arc h.eological remains of the southe rn Kuruk shetra do not appea r to have eve r been examine d by an expert, though the whole te rritory would pr ob ably repay sys tematic expl oration. Th e not e is as fol lo ws ;- (I ) At Baraud in the Safldon itaqa, and 3l miles to the north-ea st of th e town of Safidon, is a temple of Mahadeo, wh ich is said to date from the Sat Yug a. It is visited by the peopl e on the Shz'va 1atris, and as there are no puj{(,r fs, th e villagers here perform worship themselves. (2) At Safidon itself there are three ancie nt tiratllS and temples, suppo se d to have been built towar ds the close of the Dwapar Yuga, namely, Nng cshvara Mahadeva, Naga-Damani Devi (o r Bha,van Devl) and Naga Kshetra . Th e legend goes that at the end of the Dwapar Yuga a Raj a Parik- sit was bitten by a serpent , Taksaka . To avenge him , his son Rija Ja nam ejaya estab lished th e images of Nage cvara Mahadevaand Naga -Damani Dev i (t he godde ss who sla ughters se rpents ) in the temples and invoked th em. He th en made a bedi ha wan, or place of sacred fire, and held a holocaust of ' the snakes ,, ,ith the ir shaktis (po wers). U) Nrigesh vara ll.f alza dev a.- This temple, which lies on a tank, conta ins an idol of N ag eshYar a Mahadeva , and fairs are held here on th e )3th and 14th of Sci.wan and Phagan in the dark half of the month . The wor- ship pe r here is belie ved to obtain Naga-loka. (z '£) The Bhawan Devzj'i or temple of th e goddess.- This temple contains an idol of Naga- Daman i Dev i.Fair s are held on the 7th and 9th of Asauj and Ch et sudt. The temple wa s rebuilt by Raja Raghbir Singh of Jind in Sambat )943 · (hi ) Tile Naga Kshefra tank .- The tank was rebuilt by Raja Raghb ir Singh in the same year , and the tirath of Naga Kshetra is the ~I9 [PART A. place where the snak es were slaughtere d and hence is call ed Sarap Daman. Bathing in it is beli eve d to se t one free from th e fea r of Nagas (snak es ). The temple of Sri Krishna here was also ere cted by Raja Raghb ir Singh in the same yea r. Its fair is held on the 8th of Bh adon bad£. HISTORY. I The administr atio n of the ab ove temples is in the hands of th e Stat e Antiquities. authorities , thr ee Gaur Brahmans of the Kau shika gotra being nominat ed as puj dris and pai d by the Stat e. (3) M alu f, deva.- There is also a temple of Mah adeva at Pa j Ii Kalan in th e SaHdon £l aqa, 3 miles north-west of SaHdon. It is on the Pan\sar tank, so call ed becau se Para sara Rishi performed penances here. It also dat es from th e Sat Yuga , and its fairs are held on th e 13th an d J 4th of Sawan and Phagan badi. People also bathe her e on ever y Sunday in Sawan. It is in charge of a Shami Ba iragi of th e Ramana nd i ('rcler, "'ho mu st remain celibate. (4) The Singh! Rikh tank at Sa nghan a, 4 mile s west of SaHdon , o,Y es its name to Singh!-Rikh , the Rishi wh o worshipp ed there .Bathing in it on a parab or fete day is meritorious . (5) There is also a temple of Mahade va at Hat , 6 miles south-w est of Safjdon in the same itaqa on the Panch Nid .1 It has been in exist enc e sin ce the Sat Yug, and to bath e in its tank is equiv alent in spiritual efficacy to performing 5 jags. Ther e are fairs her e on the same dates as at p;jju Kalan, but no regular pu ,jdrEs are appointed , though occasi onally a Sh~ lm i (Bairagi), a Brahmachari, a Gosain or a ~adhu may halt her e in his 'wander- ings. Two mi les from Hat is the Aranbak Yaks ha , one of the four yak shas or monsters, who guard ed the four corners of the battle -field. (6) The Stlraj Kund tank at KalIYa, gi mile s south-w est of Safidon in the same t'ldqa, is believed to owe its origin to Suraj Narain, and bathing in it at any time, but mor e specially on a Sunday , is held to avert th e suraj -grah or evi l influen ce of the sun- god. The old templ e of Suraj Bhawan at Suraj Kund, the ruins of which ar e still to be found, having be en demolished, a new templ e of Krishna and Radhika was built by a Bainlgi of Brij, whose chetas hold it in succ ession from him. (7) At ]amni , 12 miles west of SaHdon, are a templ e and tank of Jamadagni , fath er of ParaShUf l\ma . People bath e in th e tank on Sund ays and the puranm (ts£ or 15th of every month. Th e templ e is in the ch arge of a Shami of the Ramanandi order, and has a mudfi of 80 blga hs of land attached to it . (8) At Asan, which is at a distance of 14 miles in th e south-w est of Sa fidon , is an ancient tank, called Asvinf·Kumha after th e cr od in whos e honour a Rishl did penance there. The leg end in th e Vamana Pu ra na g?es that an ugly Rishl , being laughed at in th e assembly of the sage s. dId penance and invoked th e god Ashvinl.Kumara , who app eared before him, and bestowed on -him beauty, saying "be beaut iful after bathing in this tank." Hence bathing in it on Tu esday is believed to enh ance one's beauty . (g) At Barah Kalan, which is 17 miles south-west of SaHdon, are the tank and . temple of Barahji Bhagw5n, commemorating Vishnu's varaha or I Panch Nid, the place where 5 f{rath s were connected with 5 channels by Hdt Kais1f Mah4deo (Bawan Pl1ran) . !:!20 JIND STATE. ) boar incarnation. The fair is held on the II th and 12th of Bhcidon su,d£. Bathing in the tank and worshipping the god Barah ar e believed Descriptive. to secure the highest place in heaven.
Recommended publications
  • Last Post Indian War Memorials Around the World

    Last Post Indian War Memorials Around the World

    Last Post Indian War Memorials Around the World Introduction • 1 Rana Chhina Last Post Indian War Memorials Around the World i Capt Suresh Sharma Last Post Indian War Memorials Around the World Rana T.S. Chhina Centre for Armed Forces Historical Research United Service Institution of India 2014 First published 2014 © United Service Institution of India All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without prior permission of the author / publisher. ISBN 978-81-902097-9-3 Centre for Armed Forces Historical Research United Service Institution of India Rao Tula Ram Marg, Post Bag No. 8, Vasant Vihar PO New Delhi 110057, India. email: [email protected] www.usiofindia.org Printed by Aegean Offset Printers, Gr. Noida, India. Capt Suresh Sharma Contents Foreword ix Introduction 1 Section I The Two World Wars 15 Memorials around the World 47 Section II The Wars since Independence 129 Memorials in India 161 Acknowledgements 206 Appendix A Indian War Dead WW-I & II: Details by CWGC Memorial 208 Appendix B CWGC Commitment Summary by Country 230 The Gift of India Is there ought you need that my hands hold? Rich gifts of raiment or grain or gold? Lo! I have flung to the East and the West Priceless treasures torn from my breast, and yielded the sons of my stricken womb to the drum-beats of duty, the sabers of doom. Gathered like pearls in their alien graves Silent they sleep by the Persian waves, scattered like shells on Egyptian sands, they lie with pale brows and brave, broken hands, strewn like blossoms mowed down by chance on the blood-brown meadows of Flanders and France.
  • Education in the Phulkian States R.S. Gurna , Khanna

    Education in the Phulkian States R.S. Gurna , Khanna

    P: ISSN NO.: 2394-0344 RNI No.UPBIL/2016/67980 VOL-1* ISSUE-10* January- 2017 E: ISSN NO.: 2455-0817 Remarking An Analisation Education in the Phulkian States Abstract The question of education has been one of those live problems which always aroused passion of interest in India. The Phulkian rulers made progressive efforts in this direction. First regular school was opened in Patiala in 1860 and in 1870 regular department of education was established. Primary education was made free in the state in 1911. Alongside of the primary education the scope of middle and high school education was also enlarges. Patiala was among the first few cities of the Punjab which could legitimately boast of a degree college. The first notable attempt at modernising education in the Nabha State was made by Raja Bharpur Singh in 1863 A.D. when he established a school in Nabha itself with one teacher for English and another for Arabic and Persion. In 1890 a separate cantonment school at Nabha was opened in which English, Gurumukhi, Persian and other subjects were taught. In Nabha State by 1917, the number rose to 15 schools for boys and two for girls. Attention was also paid towards adult education and technical education. Scholarships and stipends were introduced to encourage promising students of the state to acquire college education. Similarly in Jind State, the number of primary schools rose to 47 in 1945, Maharaja Ranbir Singh had made primary education free in the schools of the State since 1912. The rulers of the Phulkian States of Patiala, Nabha, and Jind showed enough interest in the development of education in their respective states.
  • 1 2 3 FORFEITS / PRICE COMPENSATED by the FORMER BAHAWALPUR STATE in LIEU of COALITION with the BRITISH 4 5 6 Ali Asdullah1, Dr

    1 2 3 FORFEITS / PRICE COMPENSATED by the FORMER BAHAWALPUR STATE in LIEU of COALITION with the BRITISH 4 5 6 Ali Asdullah1, Dr

    1 FORFEITS / PRICE COMPENSATED BY THE FORMER BAHAWALPUR STATE IN LIEU OF C OALITION WITH THE BRITISH PJAEE, 17(7) (2020) 1 2 3 FORFEITS / PRICE COMPENSATED BY THE FORMER BAHAWALPUR STATE IN LIEU OF COALITION WITH THE BRITISH 4 5 6 Ali Asdullah1, Dr. Samia Khalid2, Gulzar Ahmad3 1,3PhD Scholar, Department of Pakistan Studies, Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan. 2Assistant Professor and HOD, Department of History, Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan. Ali Asdullah , Dr. Samia Khalid , Gulzar Ahmad , Forfeits / Price Compensated By The Former Bahawalpur State In Lieu Of Coalition With The British, Palarch’s Journal Of Archaeology Of Egypt/Egyptology 17(7). ISSN 1567-214x. Keywords: Bahawalpur State, British, Government, Nawab, military, price, war. Abstract: The main objectives of the present study are to seek the contribution of the State forces for the British which played a vital role to strengthen British Raj in the subcontinent and in return to it, the Bahawalpur State had to pay a huge price of the relations/alliances with the Government of British India to show the faithfulness and loyalty. The historical and descriptive research method is utilized and collected data from the different archives and libraries of Pakistan for the accomplishment of the present paper which highlighted all the events and services provided for the British by the State of Bahawalpur from 1833 to the emergence of Pakistan. The State had to pay a huge price for its continued existence and had to forgo many times for the British. It is also proved that the Bahawalpur State not established relations with the Government of the British Empire on an egalitarian basis.
  • Name Capital Salute Type Existed Location/ Successor State Ajaigarh State Ajaygarh (Ajaigarh) 11-Gun Salute State 1765–1949 In

    Name Capital Salute Type Existed Location/ Successor State Ajaigarh State Ajaygarh (Ajaigarh) 11-Gun Salute State 1765–1949 In

    Location/ Name Capital Salute type Existed Successor state Ajaygarh Ajaigarh State 11-gun salute state 1765–1949 India (Ajaigarh) Akkalkot State Ak(k)alkot non-salute state 1708–1948 India Alipura State non-salute state 1757–1950 India Alirajpur State (Ali)Rajpur 11-gun salute state 1437–1948 India Alwar State 15-gun salute state 1296–1949 India Darband/ Summer 18th century– Amb (Tanawal) non-salute state Pakistan capital: Shergarh 1969 Ambliara State non-salute state 1619–1943 India Athgarh non-salute state 1178–1949 India Athmallik State non-salute state 1874–1948 India Aundh (District - Aundh State non-salute state 1699–1948 India Satara) Babariawad non-salute state India Baghal State non-salute state c.1643–1948 India Baghat non-salute state c.1500–1948 India Bahawalpur_(princely_stat Bahawalpur 17-gun salute state 1802–1955 Pakistan e) Balasinor State 9-gun salute state 1758–1948 India Ballabhgarh non-salute, annexed British 1710–1867 India Bamra non-salute state 1545–1948 India Banganapalle State 9-gun salute state 1665–1948 India Bansda State 9-gun salute state 1781–1948 India Banswara State 15-gun salute state 1527–1949 India Bantva Manavadar non-salute state 1733–1947 India Baoni State 11-gun salute state 1784–1948 India Baraundha 9-gun salute state 1549–1950 India Baria State 9-gun salute state 1524–1948 India Baroda State Baroda 21-gun salute state 1721–1949 India Barwani Barwani State (Sidhanagar 11-gun salute state 836–1948 India c.1640) Bashahr non-salute state 1412–1948 India Basoda State non-salute state 1753–1947 India
  • British Policy Towards the Indian States, 1905-1959

    British Policy Towards the Indian States, 1905-1959

    BRITISH POLICY TOWARDS THE INDIAN STATES, 1905-1959 by STEPHEN RICHARD ASHTON Thesis submitted from The School of Oriental and African Studies to the University of London for the degree of doctor of philosophy, 1977• ProQuest Number: 11010305 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a com plete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest 11010305 Published by ProQuest LLC(2018). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States C ode Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106- 1346 ABSTRACT Prior to 194-7 approximately one-third of the Indian sub-continent was broken up into 655 Indian States which were ruled by princes of varying rank. In the process of consolidating their empire in India the British had, during the first half of the nineteenth century, deprived the princes of the power to conduct external relations with each other or with foreign powers. Internally the princes were theoretically independent but their sovereignty in this respect was in practice restricted by the paramountcy of the Imperial power. Many of the princes resented the manner in which the British used this paramountcy to justify intervening in their domestic affairs. During the nineteenth century the British had maintained the princes basically as an administrative convenience and as a source of revenue.
  • Patiala, Jind and Nabha) Gazetteer, 1904

    Patiala, Jind and Nabha) Gazetteer, 1904

    REPR INT OF PHULKIAN STATES (PATIALA, JIND AND NABHA) GAZETTEER, 1904 GAZETTEERS ORGANISATION REVENUE DEPARTMENT HARYANA CHANDIGARH (INDIA) The Controller, Printing and Stationery, Haryana, Chandigarh (India). Controller of Printing and Stationery , Government of Haryana, Chandigarh. The Distric t Gazett ee r is a mini atur e enc yc lopa edia and a good guid e. It describes all imp ortant asp ect s and feature s of the district; historical , physical, so cial, economic and cultural . Officials and other perso ns desirous of acquainting thems elves with the salient features of the district would find a study of the Gazetteer rewarding. It is of immens e use for research scholars . The old gazetteers of the State published in the British regim e contained very valuable information , whi ch wa s not wholly re-produced in the revised volume . These gazetteers hav e go ne out of stock and are not easily available. There is a demand for thes e volumes by research scholars and educationists. As such, th e sche me of reprinting of old gazetteer s was taken on th e initiative of th e Hon1ble Chief Mini ster of Haryana. Though the Phulkian Stat es namely; Patiala , Jind and Nabha were princely states in those days yet a single gazetteer covering three stat es was compiled under the aegis of the British regime . This gazett ee r was printed at the Punjab Govt . Press, Lahore in 1909. The Volume is the !'~prifJt ed edi .tion of th e Phulkian States (Patiala , Jind and Nabha) Gazetteer of 1904 . This is the tenth in the serie s of reprinted gazetteers of Haryan a Ev er y care has been taken in maintaining the com{Jlete originality of the old gazetteer while reprinting.
  • Department of History

    Department of History

    Agrarian Economy of the Bahawalpur State: 1866-1947 By Zahra Akram Hashmi Session: 2010-2013 Ph.D. History Department of History The Islamia University of Bahawalpur 2017 Agrarian Economy of the Bahawalpur State: 1866-1947 By Zahra Akram Hashmi A Dissertation Submitted to the Islamia University of Bahawalpur in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History Department Of History The Islamia University of Bahawalpur Pakistan 2017 i ii iii To My Father iv Acknowledgement I am grateful to Allah Almighty who gave me courage and power to conduct my research and enable me to complete this dissertation. During the course of this research, I have received great help and support from my PhD supervisor Dr. Aftab Hussain Gillani. I am particularly indebted to Dr. Abdul Razzaq Shahid, Chairman of the Department of History. I would like to thank Dr. Muhammad Akbar Malik and Dr. Shahid Hassan Rizvi for their academic and moral support. Many thanks are due for Dr. Muhammad Khurshid Ahmad who provided me great academic support. I owe my particular thanks to Dr. Mubarak Ali, world fame historian of Pakistan, for his valuable suggestions on the development of conceptual framework. This work would not have been possible without his cooperation. I am also grateful to Muhammad Abbas Chughtai, the Director of Punjab Archives Department and the staff at Punjab Archives Lahore, where I have consulted the valuable manuscript. I am also thankful to the staff at Commissioner Office Bahawalpur Division Bahawalpur and the staff of Muhafiz Khana Bahawalpur, who gave me full access to the old records of the Bahawalpur State.
  • The Indian Army, 3 September 1939

    The Indian Army, 3 September 1939

    The Indian Army 3 September 1939 Northern Command: HQ Rawalpindi Peshawar District: HQ Peshawar 1st, 7th Companies, The Royal Tank Regiment The Gilgit Scouts: Gilgit Chitral Force: HQ Drosh 1/9th Jat Regiment 1 Company, 1/9th Jat Regiment: Chitral Chitral Mountain Artillery Section, IA 1 Section, 22nd Field Company, Bombay Sappers and Miners Landi Kotal Brigade: HQ Landi Kotal 1st South Wales Borderers 1/1st Punjab Regiment 3/9th Jat Regiment: Bara Fort 4/11th Sikh Regiment 4/15th Punjab Regiment: Shagai 1 Company, 4/15th Punjab Regiment: Ali Masjid 2/5th Royal Gurkha Rifles Detachment, Peshawar District Signals The Kurram Militia: Parachinar Peshawar Brigade: HQ Peshawar 1st King's Regiment 16th Light Cavalry 3/6th Rajputana Rifles 4/8th Punjab Regiment 4/14th Punjab Regiment 2/19th Hyderabad Regiment 8th Anti-Aircraft Battery, RA 19th Medium Battery, RA 24th Mountain Regiment, IA (11th, 16th, 20th Batteries) (1 Battery at Nowshera, 1 Battery at Landi Kotal) (Frontier Posts, IA attached at Landi Kotal, Shagai, Chakdora) 1st Field Company, Bengal Sappers and Miners Peshawar District Signals 18th Mountain Battery, IA - Independent from 1/8/39 from 24th Mountain Regiment Nowshera Brigade: HQ Nowshera 4/5th Mahratta Light Infantry 2/11th Sikh Regiment 10/11th Sikh Regiment 1/6th Gurkha Rifles: Malakand Detachment, 1st South Wales Borderers: Cherat Detachment, 5/12th Frontier Force Regiment: Dargai Detachment, 1/6th Gurkha Rifles: Chakdora 1st Field Regiment, RA (11th, 52nd, 80th, 98th Batteries) 2nd Field Company, Bengal Sappers and Miners

  • GIPE-022149.Pdf (6.338Mb)

    public £lecWc;K, SMPP^I - GOVERNMENT OF INDIA I.llNISTRY OF WORKS. MINES AND POWER CENTRAL ELECTRICITY COMMISSION PUBLIC ELEGTRIGITY SUPPLY ALL INDIA STATISTICS 1947 PRIOTED IN INDIA FOR THE MANAGFR OF PUBLICATIONS DELHI BY THE MANAGER GOVERNMENT OF INDIA PRESS SIMLA 1949 CONTENTS Foreword iv Reneral Review V—xvU SECTION I—Annual Summary Tables for All-India, Provinces and States 1-10 Details o! Individual undertakings— feECTION II—Provinces 11 Part A—Undertakings in the Provinces generating power at their own stations 12—88 Part B—Undertakings in the Provinces obtaining lulk supplies and distributing power 67-90 SECTION III-Indian States 91 Part A—Undertakings in Indian States generating power at their own stations S2-130 Part B-Undertakings in Indian States obtaining bulk supplies and distributing power 131-138 Index—Alphabetical list of all to'.vns and villages in India havin? an electricity supply with releronces I) the nmler- 139—167 takings serving them. FOREWORD The statistics ielating vO Public Electiicity Supply in India (the Indian Dominion aftei paitition, in• cluding the Hyderabad State i tor the Calendar year 1947 are presented in this volume. During the year under leport, the country was partitioned, as a result ot which a certain number ol undertakings have gone to Pakistan. Since partition, a large number oi States have acceded to the Indian Dominion and cciuJn otliers have been re-grouped or amalgamated with the Indian Dominion. As this process has not re.icbcd a stage ol finality, the States hat^e been arranged rn this book in the same mannei as berore partition.
  • Gazetteer of India

    Gazetteer of India

    GAZETTEER OF INDIA HARYANA JIND HARYANA DISTRICT GAZETTEER JIND RAGHBIR SINGH, I.A.S., State Editor (Gazetteers) JEET RAM RANGA EDITOR (Gazetteers) HARYANA GAZETTEERS ORGANISATION REVENUE DEPARTMENT CHANDIGARH (INDIA) 1986 GOVERNMENT OF HARYANA Available from: The Controller Printing and Stationery, Haryana, Chandigarh (India) Price: Rs. Printed by: Controller of Printing and Stationery Department, Union Territroy, Chandigarh FOREWORD A district gazetteer is not merely a statistical report on the economic development in the district. It brings out all the facets of life in the district, depicting its history, geography and its people. It should thus prove of use to the administrators in knowing the district. The Jind district with its varied history of administration, lies west of kurukshetra and karnal districts. It is a land of legendary and the sacred Sarasvati. The town of Jind is believed to have been founded at the time of Mahabharata, when the Pandvas built a temple in honour of Jainti Devi (Goddess of victory). The town Jaintapuri grew up around the temple, which later got corrupted to Jind. The district has many places of pilgrimage. I am thankful to the Chief Minister and the Revenue Minister for the encouragement they gave to the Gazetteer staff. CHANDIGARH: April, 1986. L.C. GUPTA Financial Commissioner, Revenue, Haryana. PREFACE This volume is the sixth in the series of the revised District Gazetteers of Haryana. It has been prepared on the pattern laid down by the Government of India. Before Independence (1947), the district was under the different Princely States; jind and Safidon tahsils formed part of Jind State while Narwana tahsil formed a part of Princely State of Patiala.

  • INDIAN STATES C

    / « < 9 3 7LU 1. 5,0007 9 9 9 GOVERNMENT OF INDIA ■ 3 o 9 ci> WHITE PAPER 4 <^ON cs INDIAN STATES c 9 9 » • \ 00108841 J < PRlNl^ Ili INDIA BY THE MANAQ^ GOVT. OF INDIA PB3SS, NSW DELHI JULY 1948 a « Price lie. 1 -Id. 12 or 6. f. o . 0 t <9 • •. *« 9 BOMBAY branch ‘ ©» xKs lb , I™ ROYAL ASIATIC SOCIETY. I; I HALL, iKtebAY. I ( Digitized with financial assistance from Government of Maharashtra on 01 February, 2020 < TABLE OP CONTENTS Pago. • • ^FOREWORD . -108841 /^ 1 PART I.—INDIAN STATES UNDER PARAMOUNTCY OF THE BRITISH CROWN General Survey. • • ' 3 Historical Survey . • a 4 GeograpEidkl Survey 4 Political Diversity of States. • • a 5 Three Categories of States 6 Chamber of Princes. »' 5 Treaties, Engagements and Sanads . 5 Relationship between Paramount Power and Indian States. 6 PART II.—THE STATES UNDER THE SCHEME OF THE GOVERNMENT OF INDIA ACT, 1935, AND SUBSEQUENT PLANS FOR INDIA’S CONSTITU­ TIONAL ADVANCEMENT. Federal Scheme 7 Cripps Plan 8 Simla Conferenc'j of 1945 9 Cabinet Mission'S Plan 9 His Majesty’s Government’s Statement of June 3,1947. 11 PART III.—ACCESSION OF THE STATES TO THE DOMINION OF INDIA. Lapse of Paramountcf . 12 States Department ...... 12 Necessity of a Common Centre * • • 13 Sardar VaUabhbhai Patel’s Stateifent of July 5, 1947. 13 Special Meeting of Princes on July 2^ 1947. 13 Successful conclusion of Negotiations . 14 Instrument of Accession . • ' 14 Standstill Agreenwits . .♦ 1,5 . Significance of Constitutional Relationship between the Indian Dominion and the tales. ......... 15 PART IV.—INTEGRATION AND DEMOCRATISATION OF STATES.
  • India India, Officially the Republic of India, Has a Size of 3.3 Million Sq Km and an Approximate Population of 1.3 Billion People in 2019

    India India, Officially the Republic of India, Has a Size of 3.3 Million Sq Km and an Approximate Population of 1.3 Billion People in 2019

    India India, officially the Republic of India, has a size of 3.3 million sq km and an approximate population of 1.3 billion people in 2019. India is bordered by Pakistan in the west, China, Nepal, and Bhutan in the north-east, Burma and Bangladesh to the east, the Arabian Sea in the South- West, and the Indian Ocean in the South. It is currently organized into five intermediate tiers: states; divisions; districts; subdistricts (or blocks) and municipal corporations/municipalities; and villages or wards. The highest tier consists of 28 states (some with asymmetry in shared rule) plus 5 standard union territories, 2 non-standard union territories, and one special autonomous region (the state of Jammu and Kashmir). In August 2019, Jammu and Kashmir lost special autonomy, and from November 2019, it has been partitioned into two union territories: Jammu & Kashmir, with decentralized authority, and Ladakh, governed directly from Delhi. A second tier of 103 divisions exists currently in twenty states (not in Gujarat, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Sikkim, Manipur, Tripura, Mizoram). The third tier has 722 districts (Zilā), including 15 autonomous districts with special autonomy (https://knowindia.gov.in/districts/). A fourth intermediate tier consists of about 5500 subdivisions/ subdistricts (variously named Tehsils, Taluka, Mandal, Kshettra …). These are further divided in community blocks in rural areas. In urban areas, municipal corporations (Mahanahar-Palika)/municipalities (Nagar-Palika)/city councils (Nagar-Panchayat) constitute the fourth tier. We code the municipal corporations in 28 states or territories (225 as of 2019), and we code subdistricts for states where they meet our population criteria.