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The Sedition Trial
NOTES Yet either view, consistently applied, would provide jury trials in constructive criminal contempt cases. Under both theories, due process requires different procedural safeguards in different situations: a prosecution which fulfils the demands of due process in punishing a direct contempt may not suffice if the alleged contempt was committed out of court. 34 Justice Cardozo, expressing the majority rationale, has suggested that ... we reach a different plane of social and moral values when we pass to the privileges and immunities that have been taken over from the earlier articles of the federal bill of rights and brought within the Fourteenth Amendment by a process of absorption. These in their origin were effective against the federal government alone. If the Four- teenth Amendment has absorbed them, the process of absorption has had its source in the belief that neither liberty nor justice would exist if they were sacrificed.' X3s If this is so, then the climb of our "social and moral values" has been a slow one indeed; even the basic right of freedom of speech was only "absorbed" by the Fourteenth Amendment fifty-seven years after its adop- tion.z36 Admittedly, the denial of jury trial in one class of contempt cases is not of the same broad sweep as the denial of free speech or a free press; perhaps it does not stand on the same plane in the scale of civil liberties. But Justice Cardozo's analysis is not exclusive. Unyielding application of the "inherent power" and "immemorial usage" doctrine by state courts has thwarted all legislative at- tempts to abolish summary proceedings in indirect contempts. -
Waking to Danger
Waking to Danger Americans and Nazi Germany, 1933–1941 ROBERT A. ROSENBAUM 2010 Contents Preface ix 1 Swastika Rising 1 2 The Peace Crusade 21 3 Friendless in America 39 4 Looking for Hitler 57 5 The Red Decade 77 6 Sheep among Wolves 91 7 The Bottom Line 111 8 The Search for Safety 129 9 News from Germany 153 10 The American Century 171 Notes 189 Bibliography 205 Index 215 Photo Essay Follows Page 110 vii Preface “One knows nothing of the history one has experienced,” reflected Victor Klemperer, a German diarist of the Nazi years.1 My earliest memory of an historic event is of the inauguration on March 4, 1933, of President Franklin D. Roosevelt, which I read about in My Weekly Reader in second grade. At the time of Pearl Harbor, I was fif- teen and a sophomore in high school. My memories of the years between these two events are like islands in a dark and turbulent river—the history of which I knew nothing. In this little book, I revisit those islands while plumbing one of many currents in that dark stream: Americans’ diverse responses to Nazi Germany in the prewar years. It is also a journey into my own history—in a sense, a “researched reminiscence” perhaps worth sharing with younger generations. The 1930s were years when Americans struggled to define their country’s role in a dangerous world. Opinions were deeply divided and passionately held. Before the debate could be resolved, America was attacked. Under President Roosevelt, America entered World War II not only in self-defense but—contrary to the recent desires of many—as a champion of liberty against tyranny, of world order against anarchy. -
Honolulu Rfcord
I? Sec. 562, P. L. & R. Single Issue U. S. POSTAGE BPAID A Paper Hawaii Needs 10c Honolulu, T. H. $5.00: per year Permit No. 189 by subscription' ’ HONOLUlU RfCORD Vol.1, No. 7 PUBLISHED EVERY THURSDAY Sept. 16, 1948 11 einecke IIearing Wanted War Entry Before Filipinos Here Deprived Hitler Invasion Of USSR . ' As the Reinecke hearing dragged into its 30th day Deputy Attorney General William Blatt was apparently attempting Of Dependency Aids Due to show', among other /.things, that Dr. John Reinecke had, first, changed his mind abruptly Qn June 22, 1941, about whe ther the U. S, should enter the war- against Hitler, and second, Discriminatory Law Voids that Dr. Reinecke had been a writer for Communist publica- : - . tions. In neither effort was he. es- pecially successful. t. : Dr., llchiccke said that during the “Bitter Joke” Says Benefits Promised Eafiier /'’ period of the “phony war,” he had Do the children of an alien get as hungry as those of an ’ _ ^opposed IT. S. aid to. Britain, but Bishop Of T-H Act ./ that he had “changed his mind /. American citizen? Under the; present - Workmen’s Compen- i gradually” until , he had come to “The balance of power was al- / sation Law, Territorial courts are forced to rule that, hungry I ' favor U. S. action against Germany ways with. management and the / Dr not, the children of an alien may not receive the dekith i : some. months before the. Nazi inva- Taft-Hartley Act has only in j® benefits that otherwise might be awarded because of the ' sioh of the USSR. -
The Influence of American Discourse on the Mission to Armenia
SWAYED BY HEADLINES OR HARDENED BY EXPERIENCE? THE INFLUENCE OF AMERICAN DISCOURSE ON THE MISSION TO ARMENIA Rosanne M. Horswill A thesis submitted to the faculty at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Master of Arts degree in the Department of History in the College of Arts and Sciences. Chapel Hill 2020 Approved by: Sarah Shields Cemil Aydin Wayne E. Lee ©2020 Rosanne M. Horswill ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii ABSTRACT Rosanne M. Horswill: Swayed by Headlines or Hardened by Experience? The Influence of American Discourse on the Mission to Armenia (Under the direction of Professor Sarah Shields) In August 1919, President Wilson commissioned the American Military Mission to Armenia to investigate the post-World War I situation in Anatolia and report recommendations to Congress on potential American responsibilities in the region. The President expected the final report, composed by Major General James Harbord, to present impartial observations consistent with the dispassionate language characteristic of military prose. This would have allowed Congress to base its decisions on military judgements rather than on existing partisan reports which favored diplomatic or humanitarian agendas. Though Harbord’s report predominately exhibited the institutional style he adopted as an officer and reflected a hardened worldview shaped over his thirty-year career, his lifetime exposure to American media narratives on Armenians was indelibly present as well. Examining Harbord’s sources reveals that he had absorbed competing public and military narratives that needed reconciliation in his report. I analyzed 23,399 articles from American newspapers, alongside pamphlets published by the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions and diplomatic reports produced by the Inquiry, to trace discursive trends on Armenians as they evolved in the United States. -
Untitled [Lisa Krissoff Boehm on Women of the Far Right
Glen Jeansonne. Women of the Far Right: The Mother's Movement and World War II. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1996. xix + 264 pp Glen Jeansonne. Women of the Far Right: The Mothers' Movement and World War II. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1996. xix + 264 pp. $22.00, paper, ISBN 978-0-226-39589-0. Reviewed by Lisa Krissoff Boehm Published on H-Women (March, 1998) Glen Jeansonne's Women of the Far Right: The U.S. involvement in the conflicts of Europe and in Mother's Movement and World War II documents part presented themselves as concerned mothers) the rise of ultraconservative women's groups originated in California just after the German in‐ which organized in protest of U.S. involvement in vasion of Poland in September 1939. Part of the the Second World War. Jeansonne, a seasoned po‐ original impetus for organization came from litical biographer, is a professor of history at the William Randolph Hearst and Robert McCormick, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee and brings a who used their newspapers to promote the isola‐ biographer's eye for detail to his narrative of the tionist groups. The newspapers provided positive formation of these organizations. Jeansonne suc‐ press to the movement for years, although the ceeds in presenting a full story on this heretofore possible fnancial link between the papers and the dimly known or understood corner of American movement remains hazy. The original mothers' women's history by utilizing nearly every possible organization, the National Legion of Mothers of scrap of written evidence on the groups. Women America, spun off and inspired other organiza‐ of the Fair Right is an important addition to the tions. -
The Board of Directors, the Struggle with Anti-Communism, and Elizabeth Gurley Flynn Douglas Colin Post
University of Richmond UR Scholarship Repository Master's Theses Student Research 11-1995 Partisanship within the American Civil Libterties Union: the Board of Directors, the struggle with anti-communism, and Elizabeth Gurley Flynn Douglas Colin Post Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarship.richmond.edu/masters-theses Part of the History Commons Recommended Citation Post, Douglas Colin, "Partisanship within the American Civil Libterties Union: the Board of Directors, the struggle with anti- communism, and Elizabeth Gurley Flynn" (1995). Master's Theses. Paper 803. This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Research at UR Scholarship Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Master's Theses by an authorized administrator of UR Scholarship Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Partisanship within the American Civil Liberties Union: the Board of Directors, the Struggle with Anti-communism, and Elizabeth Gurley Flynn, 1938-1940. By Douglas Colin Post. Master of Arts in history. University of Richmond. May 1996. Professor R. Barry Westin, thesis director. The American Civil Liberties Union and an overwhelming majority of its historians have maintained that the organization has devoted its efforts solely to the protection of the Bill of Rights. This thesis examines that claim, focusing on the events that culminated in the expulsion of Elizabeth Gurley Flynn from the Union's Board of Directors. Relying primarily on the organization's own publications and archives, as well as several insiders' accounts, the analysis concludes that the issue of communism increasingly polarized the Board and, in a gross violation of its nonpartisan commitment to the defense of civil liberties, led ultimately to the Communist Flynn's removal. -
The Fine Line Between Presidential Authority Over Military Discipline
FEARS OF TYRANNY: THE FINE LINE BETWEEN PRESIDENTIAL AUTHORITY OVER MILITARY DISCIPLINE AND UNLAWFUL COMMAND INFLUENCE THROUGH THE LENS OF MILITARY LEGAL HISTORY IN THE ERA OF BERGDAHL Joshua Kastenberg* I. INTRODUCTION The President is not only the Commander-in-Chief of the armed forces of the United States—he or she serves at the pinnacle of the military’s chain-of-command, and the nation’s military forces are subject to his or her orders.1 As Commander-in-Chief, control over the military includes the authority to place the military around the world and have its servicemembers conform to other presidential authorities in the arenas of foreign policy, national security, and certain domestic policy.2 For the first time in over a century, a President has confidently intruded into a court-martial, not merely to the detriment of the accused servicemember—Robert Bowe Bergdahl—but also in a manner that is * Joshua E. Kastenberg is a professor at the University of New Mexico, School of Law. Prior to joining the law school faculty, he was commissioned through the Air Force ROTC and served as an officer and judge advocate in the United States Air Force for over twenty years. In finishing this Article, Professor Kastenberg thanks Professor Rachel VanLandingham at the Southwestern Law School as well as Dean Sergio Pareja at the University of New Mexico School of Law. 1. Article II, Section 2, Clause 1 of the United States Constitution reads in full: The President shall be Commander[-]in[-]Chief of the Army and Navy of the United States, and of the Militia of the several States, when called into the actual Service of the United States; he may require the Opinion, in writing, of the principal Officer in each of the executive Departments, upon any Subject relating to the Duties of their respective Offices, and he shall have Power to grant Reprieves and Pardons for Offenses against the United States, except in Cases of Impeachment. -
Pershing's Right Hand
PERSHING’S RIGHT HAND: GENERAL JAMES G. HARBORD AND THE AMERICAN EXPEDITIONARY FORCES IN THE FIRST WORLD WAR A Dissertation by BRIAN FISHER NEUMANN Submitted to the Office of Graduate Studies of Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY August 2006 Major Subject: History PERSHING’S RIGHT HAND: GENERAL JAMES G. HARBORD AND THE AMERICAN EXPEDITIONARY FORCES IN THE FIRST WORLD WAR A Dissertation by BRIAN FISHER NEUMANN Submitted to the Office of Graduate Studies of Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Approved by: Chair of Committee, Arnold P. Krammer Committee Members, H.W. Brands Charles E. Brooks Peter J. Hugill Brian M. Linn Head of Department, Walter Buenger August 2006 Major Subject: History iii ABSTRACT Pershing’s Right Hand: General James G. Harbord and the American Expeditionary Forces in the First World War. (August 2006) Brian Fisher Neumann, B.A., University of Southern California; M.A., Texas A&M University Chair of Advisory Committee: Dr. Arnold P. Krammer This project is both a wartime biography and an examination of the American effort in France during the First World War. At its core, the narrative follows the military career of Major General James G. Harbord. His time in France saw Harbord serve in the three main areas of the American Expeditionary Forces: administration, combat, and logistics. As chief of staff to AEF commander General John J. Pershing, Harbord was at the center of the formation of the AEF and the development of its administrative policies. -
The "Jewish Threat:" Anti-Semitic Politics of the US Army
H-Antisemitism Goldin on Bendersky, 'The "Jewish Threat:" Anti-Semitic Politics of the U.S. Army' Review published on Thursday, February 1, 2001 Joseph W. Bendersky. The "Jewish Threat:" Anti-Semitic Politics of the U.S. Army. New York: Basic Books, 2000. 560 pp. $30.00 (cloth), ISBN 978-0-465-00617-5. Reviewed by Milton Goldin (National Coalition of Independent Scholars (NCIS)) Published on H- Antisemitism (February, 2001) "For years we have been breeding and accumulating a mass of inferior people, still in the minority it is true, but tools ready at hand for those seeking to strike at the very vitals of our institutions. Liberty is a sacred thing, but...it ceases to be liberty when under its banner minorities force their will on the majority." -- General George Van Horn Moseley (West Point 1899; War College 1911), 1932 During World War II, I began my basic training while the Battle of the Bulge raged. Men who had just completed their training at Florida's Camp Blanding, where I was stationed, got brief delays-in-route to go home, traveled to the Ardennes as infantry replacements, and were dead within days. Reports about Jewish troops always being among the first sent up front drifted back. I never learned the truth of this, but I did learn that that part of the Army I experienced resembled the overall population in its attitudes toward Jews. In the mid-1930s,Fortune had said that a third of Americans were anti- Semitic, a third were pro-Semitic, and a third couldn't care less. -
Fears of Tyranny: the Fine Line Between Presidential Authority
Fall 2020 Fears of Tyranny: The Fine Line Between Presidential Authority Over Military Discipline and Unlawful Command Influence Through the Lens of Military Legal History in the Era of Bergdahl Joshua E. Kastenberg Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/law_facultyscholarship Part of the Law Commons FEARS OF TYRANNY: THE FINE LINE BETWEEN PRESIDENTIAL AUTHORITY OVER MILITARY DISCIPLINE AND UNLAWFUL COMMAND INFLUENCE THROUGH THE LENS OF MILITARY LEGAL HISTORY IN THE ERA OF BERGDAHL Joshua Kastenberg* I. INTRODUCTION The President is not only the Commander-in-Chief of the armed forces of the United States—he or she serves at the pinnacle of the military’s chain-of-command, and the nation’s military forces are subject to his or her orders.1 As Commander-in-Chief, control over the military includes the authority to place the military around the world and have its servicemembers conform to other presidential authorities in the arenas of foreign policy, national security, and certain domestic policy.2 For the first time in over a century, a President has confidently intruded into a court-martial, not merely to the detriment of the accused servicemember—Robert Bowe Bergdahl—but also in a manner that is * Joshua E. Kastenberg is a professor at the University of New Mexico, School of Law. Prior to joining the law school faculty, he was commissioned through the Air Force ROTC and served as an officer and judge advocate in the United States Air Force for over twenty years. In finishing this Article, Professor Kastenberg thanks Professor Rachel VanLandingham at the Southwestern Law School as well as Dean Sergio Pareja at the University of New Mexico School of Law. -
THE ANTI-NAZI BULLETIN Official Publicotionsof the Non-Sectarion Anti-Nazi League "Kit to Champion Human Rights, Inc
SPECIAL SEDITION TRIAL EDITION ! Deal. Ars.. Ir. cHRIST. o aa, . '*o ft 714 a copy. of Il 23.our .infaaorze l:vor trArt.': fo.c lho Ci srial ba a goVolludat. tr.a aoce saner to 13.saie vho tolsiIt is. o poltUaa - tar. Trior We, The Mothers, Mobilize For America, sn s, D inc. HICAGO 5, ILLINOiS cRic WEI3sier 7126 Vaoing Pravari AI At ice p4r. •■••••••••••••••••••,........•••■••••••■•......0*.• 110ba end W.r; 5rnin if.gs aS 7Ar THE ANTI-NAZI BULLETIN Official Publicotionsof the Non-Sectarion Anti-Nazi League "kit to Champion Human Rights, inc. VOL 1X—No. 3 JULY-AUGUST, N44 -40-= ••■_,•Pow. fixes NH, BER ONE Var-SiCA OD "(ft PRESERVA110$ of VAERICO 1DEVENDOCe osvolo, To in c.,xst Itosl 1 /pledge enogionee to the nig of rite finked (ratan one Nasio. Ster;e4 ofliberty Amerce and to ibe Republic f tefach and Mace for an AMERICA! SPEAKS SRO lya July-August, 1944 Page Two THE ANTI-NAZI BULLETIN Our Cover Design More Than Conviction of 29 On the cover of this issue of The Anti Nazi Bulletin is a display Needed to Halt Fascist Flood of headlines from a few of the many subversive publications recent- ly distributed in the United States, whose publishers have so far not of Propaganda by Subversives been brought to trial. A few of them are under Federal indictment, use a distorted image of it as a but none have been punished, and most of them are still spreading Winning of _Battle in Federal Court Should shield for their misdeeds. their propaganda poisons today, in the midst of war. -
Treason the New World Order
Treason the New World Order by Gurudas Cassandra Press San Rafael, Ca Cassandra Press P.O. Box 150868 San Rafael, CA. 94915 © 1996 by Gurudas. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any manner whatsoever without the written permission of Gurudas. Printed in the United States of America Other books by Gurudas Flower Essences and Vibrational Healing Gem Elixirs and Vibrational Healing, Vol. I Gem Elixirs and Vibrational Healing, Vol II The Spiritual Properties of Herbs i Table of Contents Preface v Chapter I Introduction 1 Purpose in Doing This Book, America Today, Weimar Republic, Danger of Complacency, Confronting Evil, Corporate Control, Increasingly the New World Order is Here, Warnings From Many That Our Rights Are Threatened. Chapter II Freedom is Being Lost 5 Intentions of the Founding Fathers, Republic vs. Democracy, The Constitution and Bill of Rights, Dangers of a Moneyed Elite, Views of Gerry Spence, William Greider, Lewis Lapham. Chapter III The Secret Government 11 Members and Writings on the Secret Government, Four Factions, Treason and Corruption, Controlled Press, Carroll Quigley, Council on Foreign Relations, Trilateral Commission, Bilderbergers, Control of U.S. Foreign Policy, Reece Committee, Power of Foundations, Barry Goldwater and Buckminstcr Fuller on Ruling Elite, Conspiracy View of History. Chapter IV New World Order 25 New World Order Defined, Hundreds of Books, and Articles Describe the Coming Police State, End of U.S. Sovereignty and Constitution, Role of Socialism, Quotes By Bertrand Russell, Arnold Toynbee, H.G. Wells, and Paul Ehrlich, Population Threat, Family Control, Congress Debates World Government, Communist Threat, Catholic Church, Report From Iron Mountain.