A Critical Discourse Analysis)
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POWER STRUGGLE AND LANGUAGE STYLE OF
INTERVIEWEE IN TELEVISION INTERVIEWS
(A Critical Discourse Analysis)
THESIS
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of Requirement for The Sarjana Sastra Degree in English Department Faculty of Cultural Sciences
Sebelas Maret University
By:
DELLA MARISCA FARA
C0314009
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF CULTURAL SCIENCES UNIVERSITAS SEBELAS MARET
SURAKARTA
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PRONOUNCEMENT
Name : Della Marisca Fara
Student Number : C0314009
I state this pronouncement truthfully that this thesis entitled “Power Struggle and
Language Style of Interviewee in Television Interviews (A Critical Discourse
Analysis)” is originally written by myself, as the researcher. The previous works
which are related to this thesis are all written in the form of quotations and
included in bibliography. If later this pronouncement is proved incorrect, I as the
researcher am ready to take responsibility, including the withdrawal of my degree.
Surakarta, July 23rd 2019
Della Marisca Fara
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MOTTO
“If you don‟t fully commit to anything now, then the you of the future will be at
disadvantage. If you do everything now with all your might, then the you of the
future will gain benefit from it”
-- Miyawaki Sakura--
“心無い言葉を言う人に聞く耳を傾けている時間は無いって思う”
-- 宫胁咲良--
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DEDICATION
This thesis is dedicated to…
My parents
My beloved grandma
My little brothers
My thesis consultant
People who have interest in linguistic studies
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ACKNOWLEDGMENT
All praises and gratitude are for the Almighty God for blessing me in
accomplishing this thesis entitled “Power Struggle and Language Style of
Interviewee in Television Interviews (A Critical Discourse Analysis)”.
This part is especially dedicated to the people who had encouraged me in
finishing this thesis.
1. Prof. Dr. Warto, M.Hum. as the Dean of Faculty of Cultural Sciences
for giving the approval to write this thesis
2. Dra. Fitria Akhmerti Primasita, M.S., M.A. as the Head of English
Department for giving consent for me to write my thesis until it is done.
3. Dra. Diah Kristina M.A., Ph.D., my thesis consultant. Thank you for the
guidance, invaluable contributions and priceless suggestions during the
process of writing this thesis.
4. Prof. Drs. Mangatur Nababan M.Ed., M.A., Ph.D., my academic
consultant. Thank you for the assistance and guidance during my study.
5. The board of examiners: Drs. Agus Hari Wibowo, M.A., Ph.D., Nur
Saptaningsih, S.Hum., M.Hum., Dra. Diah Kristina, M.A., Ph.D., Prof.
Dr. Djatmika, M.A.. Thank you for giving time and contribution to my
thesis.
6. All of the lecturers of English Department Program for the valuable
knowledge and the massive experiences that they have shared to me.
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7. My beloved parents, grandma and little brothers. Thank you for the
abundant of love, support and prayers.
8. My boss who always encourage me to finish this thesis, although
sometime I have to ditch my work.
9. My friends, Ega, Indah, Aisyah, Nabilah, Itoh, Naoko, Lois, Erina,
Cece. Thank you for the friendship and every moment that we shared.
10. All of the English Department 2014 students, thanks for giving me
precious experiences.
11. Everyone who is not mentioned above but has a big contribution to my
thesis, thank you.
12. Last but not least, for 소녀시대 and 아이즈원, especially 宫胁咲良 and
권은비, thank you for being the sources of my happiness.
Finally, although this thesis is far from perfection, I hope that this thesis
can give benefits to people out there who are interested in this study,
which has correlation with Critical Discourse Analysis, especially about power
discourse by Norman Fairclough and language style by Deborah Tannen.
rd Surakarta, July 23 2019
Della Marisca Fara
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE...... i
APPROVAL OF THESIS CONSULTANT...... ii
APPROVAL OF THE BOARD EXAMINERS...... iii
PRONOUNCEMENT...... iv
MOTTO...... v
DEDICATION...... vi
ACKNOWLEDGMENT...... vii
TABLE OF CONTENTS...... ix
LIST OF TABLES...... xii
ABSTRACT...... xiii
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
A. Resarch Background...... 1
B. Research Questions...... 5
C. Resarch Objectives...... 5
D. Research Gap...... 6
E. Research Significances...... commit to user ...... 10
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F. Research Limitation...... 11
CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW
A. Critical Discourse Analysis and Power...... 12
1. Power Struggle...... 14
2. Stages of Critical Discourse Analysis...... 17
B. Language Styles...... 20
1. Status vs Connection...... 21
2. Public Talk vs Private Talk...... 21
3. Telling Stories...... 22
4. Listening...... 22
5. Direct vs Indirect Expression...... 23
C. Television Interview...... 23
D. Review of Related Studies...... 26
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
A. Research Design...... 31
B. Research Location...... 33
commit to user C. Data & Source of Data...... 34
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D. Sampling...... 35
E. Data Validity...... 35
F. Technique of Collecting Data...... 36
G. Technique of Analyzing Data...... 36
CHAPTER IV DATA ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION
A. Data Analysis...... 38
B. Discussion...... 146
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
A. Conclusion...... 169
B. Recommendation...... 179
BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPENDICES
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LIST OF TABLE
Table 4.1 Data tabulation of the language styles in datum 1………………... 71
Table 4.2 Data Tabulation of the language styles in datum 2……..……….... 108
Table 4.3 Data Tabulation of the language styles in datum 3………………. 138
Table 4.4 Data tabulation of power struggle indicators.………...………….... 144
Table 4.5 Data tabulation of language styles ………...……………………… 145
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ABSTRACT
Della Marisca Fara. 2019. Power Struggle and Language Style of Interviewee in Television Interviews (A Critical Discourse Analysis). Thesis: English
Department of Faculty of Cultural Sciences. Universitas Sebelas Maret.
This research focuses on the analysis of power struggle and language styles because there are no research that combines the study of power struggle and the study of language styles in media. Most of the previous research that uses Critical Discourse Analysis approach also only analyze the power struggle and language styles of man and woman, therefore the subject of this research is a transgender woman. This research was conducted to analyze the power struggle and language style of interviewee in television interviews. The objectives of this research are to find out the power struggle indicators employed by the interviewee; to examine the way the interviewee constructs her power verbally; and figure out the gender language style used by the interviewee. This research is descriptive qualitative research. The data were collected by using purposive and criterion-based sampling. The sources of data of this research are three video of a transgender woman, Caitlyn Jenner, when she was interviewed in FOX News „Tucker Carlson Tonight‟ – 24th April, 2017, WABC-TV „Live! with Kelly‟ – 25th April, 2017 and ABC „Good Morning America‟ – 24th April, 2017. The data of this research are the utterances from the interviewee that contain indicators of power struggle and language style in the interviews.
The results of this research are as follows. First, there are two kinds of
power struggle indicators employed by the interviewee; power indicators exercised to influence the viewers (repetition, overwording, synonyms, positive
and negative labeling, informal words, euphemism, assertion, the use of modality, descriptive-informative mode, pronoun you, pronoun we) and power indicators
exerted to dominate the flow of conversation in the interviews (interrogative mode, interruption, refusal of interruption, controlling topic). Second, the interviewee does not allow the media broadcaster to constrain her in sharing her
ideological power. Although the interviewers control the turn-taking system, the interviewee still tries to struggle the power. The interviewee also dominates the conversation when the interviewer is a woman. Third, the interviewee tends to
uses male language styles rather than female language styles as a form of power to influence the viewers; however her main goal is in line with woman‟s goal in
interaction which is to create connections to other participants.
Keywords: power struggle, language styles, critical discourse analysis, television interviews, transgender
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