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Kingston Harbour: Channel Upgrade & Fort Augusta Development Report Environmental Impact Assessment of the Development of Infrastructure Capacity at Kingston Harbour: Channel Upgrade & Fort Augusta Development 2 PREPARED FOR MOTT MACDONALD AND THE PORT AUTHORITY OF JAMAICA SEPTEMBER 19, 2013 Prepared by: TECHNOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT NETWORK LTD. 20 West Kings House Road, Kingston 10, Jamaica W.I. Voice: (876) 920-6012; (876) 968-3174; Fax: (876) 968-3260 E-mail: [email protected], website: www.temnetwork.com Contact Person: Paul Carroll, B.Sc., M.Sc. Tel: (876) 920-6012 Mott MacDonald/Port Authority of Environmental Impact Assessment Jamaica Kingston Harbour Channel Upgrade & Fort Augusta Development REPORT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF INFRASTRUCTURE CAPACITY AT KINGSTON HARBOUR:CHANNEL UPGRADE & FORT AUGUSTA DEVELOPMENT PREPARED BY: TEMN LTD. FOR MOTT MACDONALD AND THE PORT AUTHORITY OF JAMAICA Environmental Impact Assessment Mott MacDonald/Port Authority of Kingston Harbour Channel Upgrade Jamaica & Fort Augusta Development Issue and revision record Revision Date Originator Checked Approver Description 3 7th January 2013 TEMN F. Reynolds P. Carroll First Issue 15th January 4 TEMN F. Reynolds P. Carroll Second Issue 2013 17th January 5 TEMN F. Reynolds P. Carroll Third Issue 2013 622nd January 2013 TEMN F. Reynolds P. Carroll Fourth Issue 74th February 2013 TEMN F. Reynolds P. Carroll Fifth Issue 86th February 2013 TEMN F. Reynolds P. Carroll Sixth Issue 13th February 9 TEMN F. Reynolds P. Carroll Seventh Issue 2013 15th February 10 TEMN F. Reynolds P. Carroll Eighth Issue 2013 11 8th May 2013 TEMN F. Reynolds P. Carroll Ninth Issue 12 22nd August 2013 TEMN A. Thomas P. Carroll Tenth Issue 6th September, 13 TEMN A. Thomas P. Carroll Eleventh Issue 2013 September 19, 14 TEMN A. Thomas P. Carroll Final Issue 2013 This document has been prepared for the titled project or named part thereof and should not be relied upon or used for any other project without an independent check being carried out as to its suitability and without the prior written consent of Technological and Environmental Management Network Limited (TEMN Ltd.) TEMN Ltd. accepts no responsibility or liability for the consequence of this document being used for a purpose other than the purposes for which it was commissioned. Any person using or relying on the document for such other purpose agrees, and will by such use or reliance be taken to confirm his agreement to indemnify TEMN Ltd. for all loss or damage resulting therefrom. TEMN Ltd. accepts no responsibility or liability for this document to any party other than the person by whom it was commissioned. 2 Environmental Impact Assessment Mott MacDonald/Port Authority of Kingston Harbour Channel Upgrade Jamaica & Fort Augusta Development Table of Contents 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................... 12 Need for the Project ........................................................................................................................ 12 Overview of Project Activities ........................................................................................................ 12 Scope of the EIA ............................................................................................................................. 13 Physical Environment ..................................................................................................................... 13 Ecology............................................................................................................................................. 15 Socioeconomics .............................................................................................................................. 16 Environmental Impact ..................................................................................................................... 17 Physical/chemical Impacts ............................................................................................................ 20 Water Quality .................................................................................................................................. 20 Coastal Dynamics .......................................................................................................................... 21 Biological/ecological Impacts ........................................................................................................ 22 Biological Impacts after the Dredging .......................................................................................... 23 Socioeconomic & Cultural Impacts ............................................................................................... 24 Mitigation of Impacts ....................................................................................................................... 27 Water Quality .................................................................................................................................... 27 Coastal Dynamics .............................................................................................................................. 28 Ecology 29 Socioeconomics .............................................................................................................................. 31 2 . INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................ 34 3. PROJECT DESCRIPTION ............................................................................................ 37 3.1 Dredging Works (15 Months) .......................................................................................... 38 3.2 Reclamation Works (14 months) .................................................................................... 40 3.2.1 Reclamation Methodology ............................................................................................. 40 4 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT.................................................................... 43 4.1 Method Statement ............................................................................................................ 43 4.1.1 Physical/Chemical Environment ..................................................................................... 43 4.1.1.1 Environmental Chemistry ....................................................................................... 43 3 Environmental Impact Assessment Mott MacDonald/Port Authority of Kingston Harbour Channel Upgrade Jamaica & Fort Augusta Development 4.1.1.2 Coastal Dynamics .............................................................................................. 51 4.1.2 Biological Environment ................................................................................................... 55 4.1.2.1 Aerial Survey ............................................................................................................. 55 4.1.2.2 Marine Survey - Benthic Assessment ............................................................ 56 4.1.2.3 Marine Survey – Fish ......................................................................................... 57 4.1.3 Socioeconomic ................................................................................................................ 59 4.2 Results................................................................................................................................ 60 4.2.2 Physical/Chemical Environment ..................................................................................... 60 4.2.2.1 Environmental Chemistry .................................................................................................. 60 4.2.2.2 Coastal Dynamics .............................................................................................. 76 4.2.3 Biological Environment ................................................................................................. 119 4.2.3.1 Ecology .............................................................................................................. 123 4.2.3.2 Marine Survey – Fisheries .............................................................................. 131 4.2.4 Socioeconomic Baseline ............................................................................................... 136 4.2.4.1 Demography ...................................................................................................... 136 4.2.4.2 Household Profile ............................................................................................. 138 4.2.4.3 Housing .............................................................................................................. 138 4.2.4.4 Infrastructure and Services ............................................................................. 141 4.2.4.5 Amenities ........................................................................................................... 144 4.2.4.6 Community Organisation and Social Linkages ............................................ 146 4.2.4.7 Economy ............................................................................................................ 148 4.2.4.8 Employment and Income ................................................................................. 148 4.2.4.9 Heritage Sites .................................................................................................... 149 4.2.4.10 Macroeconomic ...............................................................................................
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