Launch Options for the Future: a Buyer's Guide (Part 7 Of
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
L AUNCH SYSTEMS Databk7 Collected.Book Page 18 Monday, September 14, 2009 2:53 PM Databk7 Collected.Book Page 19 Monday, September 14, 2009 2:53 PM
databk7_collected.book Page 17 Monday, September 14, 2009 2:53 PM CHAPTER TWO L AUNCH SYSTEMS databk7_collected.book Page 18 Monday, September 14, 2009 2:53 PM databk7_collected.book Page 19 Monday, September 14, 2009 2:53 PM CHAPTER TWO L AUNCH SYSTEMS Introduction Launch systems provide access to space, necessary for the majority of NASA’s activities. During the decade from 1989–1998, NASA used two types of launch systems, one consisting of several families of expendable launch vehicles (ELV) and the second consisting of the world’s only partially reusable launch system—the Space Shuttle. A significant challenge NASA faced during the decade was the development of technologies needed to design and implement a new reusable launch system that would prove less expensive than the Shuttle. Although some attempts seemed promising, none succeeded. This chapter addresses most subjects relating to access to space and space transportation. It discusses and describes ELVs, the Space Shuttle in its launch vehicle function, and NASA’s attempts to develop new launch systems. Tables relating to each launch vehicle’s characteristics are included. The other functions of the Space Shuttle—as a scientific laboratory, staging area for repair missions, and a prime element of the Space Station program—are discussed in the next chapter, Human Spaceflight. This chapter also provides a brief review of launch systems in the past decade, an overview of policy relating to launch systems, a summary of the management of NASA’s launch systems programs, and tables of funding data. The Last Decade Reviewed (1979–1988) From 1979 through 1988, NASA used families of ELVs that had seen service during the previous decade. -
Atlas Launch System Mission Planner's Guide, Atlas V Addendum
ATLAS Atlas Launch System Mission Planner’s Guide, Atlas V Addendum FOREWORD This Atlas V Addendum supplements the current version of the Atlas Launch System Mission Plan- ner’s Guide (AMPG) and presents the initial vehicle capabilities for the newly available Atlas V launch system. Atlas V’s multiple vehicle configurations and performance levels can provide the optimum match for a range of customer requirements at the lowest cost. The performance data are presented in sufficient detail for preliminary assessment of the Atlas V vehicle family for your missions. This guide, in combination with the AMPG, includes essential technical and programmatic data for preliminary mission planning and spacecraft design. Interface data are in sufficient detail to assess a first-order compatibility. This guide contains current information on Lockheed Martin’s plans for Atlas V launch services. It is subject to change as Atlas V development progresses, and will be revised peri- odically. Potential users of Atlas V launch service are encouraged to contact the offices listed below to obtain the latest technical and program status information for the Atlas V development. For technical and business development inquiries, contact: COMMERCIAL BUSINESS U.S. GOVERNMENT INQUIRIES BUSINESS INQUIRIES Telephone: (691) 645-6400 Telephone: (303) 977-5250 Fax: (619) 645-6500 Fax: (303) 971-2472 Postal Address: Postal Address: International Launch Services, Inc. Commercial Launch Services, Inc. P.O. Box 124670 P.O. Box 179 San Diego, CA 92112-4670 Denver, CO 80201 Street Address: Street Address: International Launch Services, Inc. Commercial Launch Services, Inc. 101 West Broadway P.O. Box 179 Suite 2000 MS DC1400 San Diego, CA 92101 12999 Deer Creek Canyon Road Littleton, CO 80127-5146 A current version of this document can be found, in electronic form, on the Internet at: http://www.ilslaunch.com ii ATLAS LAUNCH SYSTEM MISSION PLANNER’S GUIDE ATLAS V ADDENDUM (AVMPG) REVISIONS Revision Date Rev No. -
The Annual Compendium of Commercial Space Transportation: 2012
Federal Aviation Administration The Annual Compendium of Commercial Space Transportation: 2012 February 2013 About FAA About the FAA Office of Commercial Space Transportation The Federal Aviation Administration’s Office of Commercial Space Transportation (FAA AST) licenses and regulates U.S. commercial space launch and reentry activity, as well as the operation of non-federal launch and reentry sites, as authorized by Executive Order 12465 and Title 51 United States Code, Subtitle V, Chapter 509 (formerly the Commercial Space Launch Act). FAA AST’s mission is to ensure public health and safety and the safety of property while protecting the national security and foreign policy interests of the United States during commercial launch and reentry operations. In addition, FAA AST is directed to encourage, facilitate, and promote commercial space launches and reentries. Additional information concerning commercial space transportation can be found on FAA AST’s website: http://www.faa.gov/go/ast Cover art: Phil Smith, The Tauri Group (2013) NOTICE Use of trade names or names of manufacturers in this document does not constitute an official endorsement of such products or manufacturers, either expressed or implied, by the Federal Aviation Administration. • i • Federal Aviation Administration’s Office of Commercial Space Transportation Dear Colleague, 2012 was a very active year for the entire commercial space industry. In addition to all of the dramatic space transportation events, including the first-ever commercial mission flown to and from the International Space Station, the year was also a very busy one from the government’s perspective. It is clear that the level and pace of activity is beginning to increase significantly. -
Centaur D-1A Pamphlet (1973)
• l:Intf.LN3~ UO!S!A!O 9:JedsoJ8t/ J!eAUOJ ''o'l:I3N3~ S:::ml\l'o'NAC ... ) Imagination has been the hallmark of the Cen taur program since its inception. Centaur was the vehicle selected to satisfy man's quest for knowledge in space. Already it has sent Survey or to probe the moon's surface. Mariner to chart the planet Mars, the Orbiti ng Astronomical Observatory to scan the stars without inter ference from the earth's atmosphere, and Pioneer to Jupiter and beyond. Centaur will also be called upon to launch other spacecraft to continue to unlock the secrets of the planets, such as Mariner for Venus and Mercury in 1973, Viking Orbiter/Lander spacecraft to Mars in 1975, and advanced Mariners to Jupiter and Saturn in 1977. Centaur has not only flown scientific missions but also ones with application for solving more tangible problems, such as Applications Tech nology Satellites and the Intelsat communica tions satellite. Centaur has also been chosen to deliver domestic and military communication satellites to synchronous orbit beginning in 1975. Because man's curiosity will never be satisfied, Convair Aerospace stands ready to respond to the challenges of tomorrow with the same imag inative design and quality craftsmanship embod ied in Centaur. K. E. Newton Vice President & Program Director Launch Vehicle Programs CONTENTS INTRODUCTION Introduction A little over a decade ago, Centaur began the first evolutionary steps from conventional Centaur Structure and Major Systems 3 Structure 4 rocketry to the high-energy-fueled vehicles of Propulsion 5 oxygen/hydrogen. Centaur faced numerous Reaction Control 6 problems, many of them demanding solutions Guidance 7 beyond the then current state of the art. -
The Evolving Launch Vehicle Market Supply and the Effect on Future NASA Missions
Presented at the 2007 ISPA/SCEA Joint Annual International Conference and Workshop - www.iceaaonline.com The Evolving Launch Vehicle Market Supply and the Effect on Future NASA Missions Presented at the 2007 ISPA/SCEA Joint International Conference & Workshop June 12-15, New Orleans, LA Bob Bitten, Debra Emmons, Claude Freaner 1 Presented at the 2007 ISPA/SCEA Joint Annual International Conference and Workshop - www.iceaaonline.com Abstract • The upcoming retirement of the Delta II family of launch vehicles leaves a performance gap between small expendable launch vehicles, such as the Pegasus and Taurus, and large vehicles, such as the Delta IV and Atlas V families • This performance gap may lead to a variety of progressions including – large satellites that utilize the full capability of the larger launch vehicles, – medium size satellites that would require dual manifesting on the larger vehicles or – smaller satellites missions that would require a large number of smaller launch vehicles • This paper offers some comparative costs of co-manifesting single- instrument missions on a Delta IV/Atlas V, versus placing several instruments on a larger bus and using a Delta IV/Atlas V, as well as considering smaller, single instrument missions launched on a Minotaur or Taurus • This paper presents the results of a parametric study investigating the cost- effectiveness of different alternatives and their effect on future NASA missions that fall into the Small Explorer (SMEX), Medium Explorer (MIDEX), Earth System Science Pathfinder (ESSP), Discovery, -
Jacques Tiziou Space Collection
Jacques Tiziou Space Collection Isaac Middleton and Melissa A. N. Keiser 2019 National Air and Space Museum Archives 14390 Air & Space Museum Parkway Chantilly, VA 20151 [email protected] https://airandspace.si.edu/archives Table of Contents Collection Overview ........................................................................................................ 1 Administrative Information .............................................................................................. 1 Biographical / Historical.................................................................................................... 1 Scope and Contents........................................................................................................ 2 Arrangement..................................................................................................................... 2 Names and Subjects ...................................................................................................... 2 Container Listing ............................................................................................................. 4 Series : Files, (bulk 1960-2011)............................................................................... 4 Series : Photography, (bulk 1960-2011)................................................................. 25 Jacques Tiziou Space Collection NASM.2018.0078 Collection Overview Repository: National Air and Space Museum Archives Title: Jacques Tiziou Space Collection Identifier: NASM.2018.0078 Date: (bulk 1960s through -
ミルスペース 140710------[What’S New in Virtual Library?]
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -ミルスペース 140710- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - [What’s New in Virtual Library?] AW&ST Aviation Week & Space Technology 1406F_Contents.pdf, Cover.jpg 140630AWST_Contents.pdf, Cover.jpg 1405F_Contents.pdf, Cover.jpg NASA Spaceport Magazine 1404F_Contents.pdf, Cover.jpg 1407ksc_Spaceport_Mag_27pages.pdf 1403F_Contents.pdf, Cover.jpg 1407ksc_Spaceport_Mag_Contents.pdf, Cover.jpg Military Technology BIS Space Flight 1406MT_Contents.pdf, Cover.jpg 1407SF_Contents.pdf, Cover.jpg [What’s New in Real Library?] [謝辞] - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2014.7.10 12:30 http://sankei.jp.msn.com/wired/ スマートフォンが国際宇宙ステーション・ロボットの頭脳に 7 月 11 日に ISS に向け打上げる宇宙船には、グーグル 3D ヴィジョン Satellites」(姿勢保持、連動、方向修正同期型実験衛星)の略で、 搭載スマホ「Tango」が積込まれる。ISS 船内で浮遊しながら飛行士た 将来的には、ISS 船外での危険作業を含め、宇宙飛行士の代わりに ちを支援するロボットに利用される。 日常雑務をこなせるようになることが期待されていた。ただし、2006 年に 初めて ISS に送込まれたときには、正確な浮遊動作をする以外に大し たことはできなかった。カリフォルニア州マウンテンヴューにある NASA のエ イムズ研究センタの研究者たちは、2010 年から、SPHERES を改良す る最も優れた方法を探すべく取組んできた。 悩んだ結果、スマホにた どり着いた。 「SPHERES 高度化プロジェクト・マネージャー」のクリス・プ ロヴェンチャーは、Reuters に次のように話している。「われわれは、通信 やカメラ、処理能力の向上、加速度計をはじめとする各種センサなどを NASA は 7 月 11 日(米時間)、ISS に向けて、グーグル新型スマートフ 追加したかった。どうすればよいか頭を悩ませていたときに、その答えは ォンを乗せた宇宙船を打上げ予定。3D ヴィジョン技術「Tango」(日本 自分たちの手の中にあったことに気づいた。つまり、スマートフォンを使お 語版記事) うということになったのだ」 グーグルの「Tango」技術を搭載したスマートフ http://wired.jp/2014/05/26/google-creating-project-tango-tablets-with ォンには、SPHERES が利用するための 3D マップの作成に使用できる -3d-computer-vision/ 赤外線深度センサなど、魅力的な多数の技術が搭載されている。もち -
10/2/95 Rev EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This Report, Entitled "Hazard
10/2/95 rev EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This report, entitled "Hazard Analysis of Commercial Space Transportation," is devoted to the review and discussion of generic hazards associated with the ground, launch, orbital and re-entry phases of space operations. Since the DOT Office of Commercial Space Transportation (OCST) has been charged with protecting the public health and safety by the Commercial Space Act of 1984 (P.L. 98-575), it must promulgate and enforce appropriate safety criteria and regulatory requirements for licensing the emerging commercial space launch industry. This report was sponsored by OCST to identify and assess prospective safety hazards associated with commercial launch activities, the involved equipment, facilities, personnel, public property, people and environment. The report presents, organizes and evaluates the technical information available in the public domain, pertaining to the nature, severity and control of prospective hazards and public risk exposure levels arising from commercial space launch activities. The US Government space- operational experience and risk control practices established at its National Ranges serve as the basis for this review and analysis. The report consists of three self-contained, but complementary, volumes focusing on Space Transportation: I. Operations; II. Hazards; and III. Risk Analysis. This Executive Summary is attached to all 3 volumes, with the text describing that volume highlighted. Volume I: Space Transportation Operations provides the technical background and terminology, as well as the issues and regulatory context, for understanding commercial space launch activities and the associated hazards. Chapter 1, The Context for a Hazard Analysis of Commercial Space Activities, discusses the purpose, scope and organization of the report in light of current national space policy and the DOT/OCST regulatory mission. -
The Creation of the Delta 180 Program and Its Follow-Ons
JOHN DASSOULAS and MICHAEL D. GRIFFIN THE CREATION OF THE DELTA 180 PROGRAM AND ITS FOLLOW-ONS The Delta 180 Program was spawned by a rare conjunction of circumstances: a major national need; the new, forward-looking Strategic Defense Initiative Organization; available funding; adaptable hard ware; and, most important of all, an innovative and imaginative group of people in government, in in dustry, and at APL that became the Delta 180 team. This team became a driving force in the follow-on Delta 181, Delta 183, and MSX programs. DELTA 180 The Strategic Defense Initiative Organization (SOlO), "What can you do in a year?" This turned our think in its early days and with only a limited technical staff ing around completely, and we began to consider things in place, urgently needed the assistance of other govern we could lay our hands on. Returning from a meeting mental and not-for-profit organizations with experience in Washington, D.C., we laid out some ground rilles that in space and weapons systems. David Finkelman, on might allow the mission to be done in a year. We as loan from the Army Missile Command and who had sumed (1) it would not be a shuttle launch (payload in worked with APL before, met with members of APL'S tegration and safety requirements for a manned space Fleet Systems and Space Departments and the Director's flight would take too long to satisfy), (2) it would be Office on 17 April 1984. Samuel Koslov was charged necessary to use only existing technology, and (3) only to see whether some low level of technical support could minimal documentation could be tolerated. -
Historian's Corner
Historian’s Corner Ray Ziehm (POC) ([email protected] ) We are making some minor changes to the Historian’s writings for each addition of the STAR. Ray Ziehm has volunteered to take the lead in coordinating our quarterly write ups. He will be the only one listed under the officers for Historians. The individual contributors are well appreciated and are needed every year. We have in the past missed some Historian write ups, so having a lead coordinator should eliminate that. The individual writers will continue to be identified with their writings. Those of you that would like to write an article in the STAR for an item of historical interest should contact Ray at 303-784- 1413. Thanks, Bob Snodgress Ed Bock ([email protected] ) Atlas/Centaur Sale and Transition to Martin Marietta This Atlas Program history was originally presented at the Centaur 50th Anniversary celebration in San Diego by Ed Bock. It has been expanded with input from Tony Christensen to include the Centaur for Titan Program Transition. To appreciate this sale and transition, it’s necessary to understand the environment at General Dynamics Space Systems (GDSS) Division in the early 1990’s. The Commercial Atlas Program was inaugurated with the launch of AC-69, the first Atlas I, in July 1990. Atlas II was in development, and its first launch occurred in December 1991. GDSS was in the process of evaluating a Russian rocket engine (the RD-180) for its evolved Atlas. From mid 1990 to late 1993 there were 14 Atlas/Centaur launches, including three Atlas I failures. -
TABLE of CONTENTS SECTION PAGE Executive Summary 02
TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION PAGE Executive Summary 02 Acronym Listing 04 I. Authority and Purpose 05 II. Summary of Facts 06 III. Statement of Opinion 19 IV. Index of Tabs 26 LIST OF FIGURES FIGURE TITLE PAGE 1. Titan IV B 07 2. Centaur Upper Stage 07 3. Milstar Satellite 08 4. Intended vs. Actual Orbit 10 5. Software Process Flow Diagram 13 6. Pitch, Roll, & Yaw Errors 16 7. Titan IV B/Centaur Configuration 25 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY On 30 April 1999, at 12:30 hours EDT, a Lockheed Martin Astronautics Titan IV B configuration vehicle (Titan IV B-32), with a Titan Centaur upper stage (TC-14), launched from Space Launch Complex 40, at Cape Canaveral Air Station, Florida. The mission was to place a Milstar satellite in geosynchronous orbit. The flight performance of the Titan solid rocket motor upgrades and core vehicle was nominal. The Centaur separated from the Titan IV B approximately nine minutes and twelve seconds after lift-off. The vehicle began experiencing instability about the roll axis during the first burn. That instability was greatly magnified during Centaur’s second main engine burn, coupling each time into yaw and pitch, and resulting in uncontrolled vehicle tumbling. The Centaur attempted to compensate for those attitude errors by using its Reaction Control System, which ultimately depleted available propellant during the transfer orbit coast phase. The third engine burn terminated early due to the tumbling vehicle motion. As a result of the anomalous events, the Milstar satellite was placed in a low elliptical final orbit, as opposed to the intended geosynchronous orbit. -
N AS a Facts
National Aeronautics and Space Administration NASA’s Launch Services Program he Launch Services Program (LSP) manufacturing, launch operations and rockets for launching Earth-orbit and Twas established at Kennedy Space countdown management, and providing interplanetary missions. Center for NASA’s acquisition and added quality and mission assurance in In September 2010, NASA’s Launch program management of expendable lieu of the requirement for the launch Services (NLS) contract was extended launch vehicle (ELV) missions. A skillful service provider to obtain a commercial by the agency for 10 years, through NASA/contractor team is in place to launch license. 2020, with the award of four indefinite meet the mission of the Launch Ser- Primary launch sites are Cape Canav- delivery/indefinite quantity contracts. The vices Program, which exists to provide eral Air Force Station (CCAFS) in Florida, expendable launch vehicles that NASA leadership, expertise and cost-effective and Vandenberg Air Force Base (VAFB) has available for its science, Earth-orbit services in the commercial arena to in California. and interplanetary missions are United satisfy agencywide space transporta- Other launch locations are NASA’s Launch Alliance’s (ULA) Atlas V and tion requirements and maximize the Wallops Flight Facility in Virginia, the Delta II, Space X’s Falcon 1 and 9, opportunity for mission success. Kwajalein Atoll in the South Pacific’s Orbital Sciences Corp.’s Pegasus and facts The principal objectives of the LSP Republic of the Marshall Islands, and Taurus XL, and Lockheed Martin Space are to provide safe, reliable, cost-effec- Kodiak Island in Alaska. Systems Co.’s Athena I and II.