To Profit or Not to Profit? The Role of Greed Perceptions in Consumer Support for Social Ventures SAEROM LEE LISA E. BOLTON KAREN PAGE WINTERICH An increasing number of social ventures are for-profit companies (i.e., for- profit social ventures) that seek to advance a social cause while making a profit. In a series of seven studies, this research investigates consumer sup- port for organizations as a function of their social mission and profit orienta- tion. The impact of profit orientation on consumer support depends on the prominence of the organization’s social mission. For organizations with a prominent social mission, profits are interpreted as a signal of greed; absent a prominent social mission, a for-profit orientation can instead imply greater competence. As a result, consumer support of for-profit social ventures suffers in comparison to both nonprofits and traditional for-profits—a downside to the organizational benefits of for-profit social ventures identified in prior research. In addition, this research investigates organizational factors—including exces- sive organizational spending, profit perceptions, and operational efficiency cues—that alter greed perceptions and consequently support for for-profit so- cial ventures. Together, this research sheds light on consumer reaction to organizations that support social causes, with implications for the social ven- ture marketplace, including the nonprofit versus for-profit quandary faced by social entrepreneurs. Keywords: for-profit social ventures, nonprofit, greed, social mission, profit orienta- tion, communal norms A social entrepreneur’s quandary: non-profit or for-profit? Saerom Lee (
[email protected]) is assistant professor of marketing —New York Times, 10 July 2013 at the University of Texas at San Antonio, College of Business, One For love or lucre UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249.