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Vital Spaces URBAN RIVERS - VITAL SPACES MANUAL FOR URBAN RIVER REVITALISATION IMPLEMENTATION, PARTICIPATION, BENEFITS This project is implemented through the CENTRAL EUROPE Programme co-financed by the ERDF. © REURIS Project Team 1 June 2012 www.reuris.gig.eu Editors: Elisabeth Bender, Linda Bigga, Wolfgang Maier Poland Central Mining Institute, Katowice (Lead Partner) Plac Gwarków 1 • 40-719 Katowice Leszek Trząski • Agnieszka Gieroszka • Małgorzata Kopernik • Krzysztof Korczak • Paweł Łabaj • Anna Mathea • external author: Agnieszka Brożkowska City of Katowice (PP2) ul. Młyńska 4 • 40-098 Katowice Sabina Denysenko • Krystian Gryglaszewski • Adam Lipiński City of Bydgoszcz, Department of Municipal Utilities and Environmental Protection (PP3) Ul. Jezuicka 4a • 85-102 Bydgoszcz Bogna Rybacka • external authors: Anna Januchta-Szostak • Aleksandra Czyżewska • Barbara Kozłowska Czech Republic City of Brno, Department of Urban Planning and Development (PP4) Kounicova 67 • 601 67 Brno Hana Bernardová • Ivan Hloušek • Ilona Hvězdová Urban Planning and Development Institute of the City of Pilsen (PP5) Škroupova 5 • 305 84 Plzeň Eva Brejchová • Pavlína Valentová Germany City of Stuttgart, Department of City Planning and Urban Renewal (PP6) Eberhardstr. 10 • 70173 Stuttgart Wolfgang Maier • Elisabeth Bender • external author: Bosch & Partner GmbH Aufbauwerk Region Leipzig GmbH (PP7) Otto-Schill-Straße 1 • 04109 Leipzig Sandra Commichau University of Leipzig (PP8) Institute for Infrastructure and Institute of Sociology Resources Management Grimmaische Str. 12 • 04109 Leipzig Beethovenstr. 15 • 04107 Leipzig Linda Bigga • Robert Holländer Karin Lange • Sylke Nissen This project is implemented through the CENTRAL EUROPE Programme co-financed by the ERDF. REURIS - Revitalisation of Urban River Spaces 3 EDITORIAL “Urban Rivers - Vital Spaces” REURIS (REvitalisation of Urban RIver Spaces) is dedicated to meeting the growing demand for attractive and accessible watercourses in city areas by developing sustainable river revitalisation tools through transnational cooperation. For decades, urban rivers in Central Europe were seen as a threat rather than a benefit. Thus, although river spaces are important reservoirs of biodiversity and open space in the city, their degradation and abandonment was common in Central European cities. Managing river areas to link their natural value with landscape and recreational values has been the aim of some projects implemented under EU programmes, but no project has tackled these issues exclusively in the region of Central Europe. The main focus of REURIS is urban river space revitalisation in Central Europe. Due to the complex nature of the issues involved, many environmental, socio-economic and political challenges must be addressed. Regardless of the specific nature of a particular Central Europe city or river, a strategic approach to dealing with such issues will benefit from transnational cooperation. Thus, in order to resolve the problems mentioned above, a common set of methods and procedures has been developed that will facilitate coordinated work by multidisciplinary teams and ensure effective involvement of relevant social groups. This manual is one of the major outcomes of the Interreg IV Central Europe Project REURIS which started in September 2008 and will by finalised by August 2012. It is meant to be a guide for planning and implementing urban river revitalisation projects. The manual is a synthesis of the transnational collaboration and exchange of expertise, knowledge, experience and know-how by experts from Poland, the Czech Republic and Germany who have been engaged in the REURIS project. Many of the problems encountered by town planners, landscape architects and city managers who implement urban river revitalisation projects are common throughout the European Union. Although there is no lack of ideas and plans, implementation of such projects is often unsuccessful. Planning and implementing urban river revitalisation projects is one of the most exciting but also one of the most complex tasks a town planner or landscape architect may have to solve. Moreover, the financial as well as the economic benefits of such projects are often not taken into account. Thus, river revitalisation projects are often deemed too cost-intensive and considered to be a kind of luxury that can only be realised if surplus funds are available. The REURIS project aims at solving concrete problem. Thus, in this manual, the main priority has been given to practical approaches, but also academic aspects of river revitalisation have been taken into account. Focusing on the most important problems to be solved within the implementation of urban river revitalisation projects, the manual is dealing with the following topics: • planning systems and planning and implementation methods • stakeholders’ involvement including participative planning • financing options and financial and economic benefits. Finally, transnational guidelines for urban river revitalisation projects have been developed. They can serve as a checklist in planning and implementing urban river revitalisation projects. They can also be used by decision makers as criteria for evaluating urban river revitalisation projects, either in the planning stage or after the completion. We hope that the manual will be a useful tool in the planning and implementation of urban river revitalisation projects. The REURIS Project Team Editorial REURIS - Revitalisation of Urban River Spaces 4 CONTENTS Introduction.....................................................................................................8 1. Manual Part 1............................................................................................11 1.1 Planning methods.....................................................................................................................13 1.1.1 The planning systems...............................................................................................................14 1.1.1.1 The planning system in Poland ..............................................................................................14 1.1.1.2 The planning system in the Czech Republic........................................................................18 1.1.1.3 The planning system in Germany..........................................................................................21 1.1.1.4 Analysis of the planning systems in Poland, the Czech Republic and Germany...........24 1.1.1.5 Review on the planning systems in Poland, the Czech Republic and Germany............27 1.1.2 Planning criteria and basic planning information................................................................28 1.1.2.1 Superior planning criteria based on European law .............................................................28 1.1.2.2 Planning criteria and basic planning information in Poland .............................................28 1.1.2.3 Planning criteria and basic planning information in the Czech Republic .......................34 1.1.2.4 Planning criteria and basic planning information in Germany .........................................35 1.1.2.5 Analysis of legal requirements and availability of information in Poland, the Czech Republic and Germany................................................................................................38 1.1.2.6 Review on legal requirements and availability of information in Poland, the Czech Republic and Germany................................................................................................39 1.1.3 Planning methods.....................................................................................................................40 1.1.3.1 Planning methods in Poland...................................................................................................40 1.1.3.2 Planning methods in the Czech Republic.............................................................................47 1.1.3.3 Planning methods in Germany...............................................................................................52 1.1.3.4 Planning methods – analysis and review ..............................................................................63 1.2 Best practices.............................................................................................................................65 1.2.1 Best practices in Poland, the Czech Republic and Germany ............................................66 1.2.1.1 Best practices in Poland ..........................................................................................................66 1.2.1.2 Best practices in the Czech Republic ....................................................................................94 1.2.1.3 Best practices in Germany ................................................................................................... 127 1.2.2 Review ..................................................................................................................................... 171 1.3 Guidelines for urban river revitalisation............................................................................ 178 1.4 Transnationally valid recommendations............................................................................ 181 1.4.1 Schemes of planning and implementation ........................................................................ 182 1.4.2 Recommendations for planning and implementation..................................................... 183 1.5 References
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