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Studi Pemanfaatan Tanaman Sebagai Obat Tradisional Di Desa Buluh Cina Kabupaten Kampar Provinsi Riau

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Studi Pemanfaatan Tanaman Sebagai Obat Tradisional Di Desa Buluh Cina Kabupaten Kampar Provinsi Riau STUDI PEMANFAATAN TANAMAN SEBAGAI OBAT TRADISIONAL DI DESA BULUH CINA KABUPATEN KAMPAR PROVINSI RIAU SKRIPSI OLEH: RADIATUL FADILLAH PUTRI NIM 151501154 PROGRAM STUDI SARJANA FARMASI FAKULTAS FARMASI UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN 2019 Universitas Sumatera Utara STUDI PEMANFAATAN TANAMAN SEBAGAI OBAT TRADISIONAL DI DESA BULUH CINA KABUPATEN KAMPAR PROVINSI RIAU SKRIPSI Diajukan sebagai salah satu syarat untuk memperoleh gelar Sarjana Farmasi pada Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Sumatera Utara OLEH: RADIATUL FADILLAH PUTRI NIM 151501154 PROGRAM STUDI SARJANA FARMASI FAKULTAS FARMASI UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN 2019 Universitas Sumatera Utara PENGESAHAN SKRIPSI STUDI PEMANFAATAN TANAMAN SEBAGAI OBAT TRADISIONAL DI DESA BULUH CINA KABUPATEN KAMPAR PROVINSI RIAU OLEH: RADIATUL FADILLAH PUTRI NIM 151501154 Dipertahankan di Hadapan Penguji Skripsi Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Sumatera Utara pada Tanggal: 14 Agustus 2019 Disetujui oleh: Panitia Penguji: Pembimbing, Popi Patilaya, S.Si., M.Sc., Apt. Dr. Marline Nainggolan, M.S., Apt. NIP 197812052010121004 NIP 195709091985112001 Popi Patilaya, S.Si., M.Sc., Apt. Ketua Program Studi Sarjana Farmasi, NIP 197812052010121004 Dr. Sumaiyah, S.Si., M.Si., Apt. Dra. Suwarti Aris, MSi, Apt. NIP 197712262008122002 NIP 195107231982032001 Universitas Sumatera Utara KATA PENGANTAR Bismillahirrahmanirrahim. Assalamu’alaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh. Pertama tama dan paling utama, Puji dan syukur penulis panjatkan kepada Allah SWT atas segala limpahan berkat, rahmat dan karunia-Nya, sehingga penulis dapat menyelesaikan penelitian dan penyusunan skripsi ini. Skripsi ini disusun untuk melengkapi salah satu syarat mencapai gelar Sarjana Farmasi pada Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Sumatera Utara yang berjudul “Studi Pemanfaatan Tanaman Sebagai Obat Tradisional di Desa Buluh Cina Kabupaten Kampar Provinsi Riau”. Dalam penyelesaian skripsi ini, banyak hambatan dan rintangan yang penulis hadapi namun pada akhirnya penulis dapat melaluinya berkat dukungan dan bantuan serta doa dari berbagai pihak. Oleh karena itu, pada kesempatan ini dengan segala kerendahan hati penulis mengucapkan terimakasih yang sebesar-besarnya kepada Ibu Prof. Dr. Masfria, M.S., Apt., selaku Dekan Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Sumatera Utara. Bapak Popi Patilaya, S.Si., M.Sc., Apt., selaku pembimbing yang telah membimbing dan memberi petunjuk serta saran-saran selama penelitian hingga selesainya skripsi ini. Ibu Dr. Marline Nainggolan, MS, Apt., selaku ketua penguji dan ibu Dra. Suwarti Aris, M.Si., Apt., selaku dosen penguji yang telah memberikan kritik, saran dan arahan kepada penulis dalam menyelesaikan skripsi ini. Bapak dan Ibu Staf Pengajar Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Sumatera Utara ataupun seluruh civitas akademika Universitas Sumatera Utara yang sudah membantu saya selama proses belajar baik secara formal maupun non formal. Keikhlasan Bapak Ibu semua telah menuntun saya hingga saya mampu berada pada posisi saat ini. iv Universitas Sumatera Utara Penulis mengucapkan terimakasih kepada kedua orang tua tercinta, ayahanda Masrizal dan Ibunda Liberti atas segala doa dan dukungannya bagi penulis dalam menempuh dan menyelesaikan pendidikan, untuk saudara-saudara tersayang Qairina, Arif Fajar Al-shiddiq, Yosi Noviani dan Ulfa Zulia atas nasehat serta pengorbanan baik moril maupun materil dalam menyelesaikan pendidikan, juga para penyemangatku Wirdayati Helmi Harahap, Reffy Mugrima, Siti Fatmala, pengurus DPP KAM Rabbani USU, DPW KAM Rabbani Farmasi USU, Ukmi Ath- Thibb, Lingkaran Cahaya dan IZI (Inisiatif Zakat Indonesia) atas doa dan dukungannya. Serta tidak lupa pula kepada BBKSDA Riau, Pak Bustami, Bang Agus dan Penduduk Desa Buluh Cina yang membantu penulis selama proses penelitian. Penulis menyadari sepenuhnya bahwa dalam penulisan skripsi ini masih jauh dari kesempurnaan dikarenakan terbatasnya pengalaman dan pengetahuan yang dimiliki penulis. Oleh karena itu penulis mengharapkan segala bentuk kritik dan saran yang membangun dari berbagai pihak demi kesempurnaan skripsi. Akhirnya penulis berharap semoga skripsi ini dapat memberi manfaat bagi kita semua. Medan, 14 Agustus 2019 Penulis, Radiatul Fadillah Putri NIM 151501154 v Universitas Sumatera Utara SURAT PERNYATAAN ORISINALITAS Saya yang bertanda tangan dibawah ini: Nama : Radiatul Fadillah Putri Nomor Induk Mahasiswa : 151501154 Program Studi : Sarjana Farmasi Judul Skripsi : Studi Pemanfaatan Tanaman Sebagai Obat Tradisional di Desa Buluh Cina Kabupaten Kampar Provinsi Riau Dengan ini menyatakan bahwa skripsi yang saya buat adalah asli karya sendiri dan bukan plagiat. Apabila di kemudian hari diketahui skripsi saya tersebut terbukti plagiat karena kesalahan sendiri, maka saya bersedia diberi sanksi apapun oleh Program Studi Sarjana Farmasi Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Sumatera Utara. Saya tidak akan menuntut pihak manapun atas perbuatan saya tersebut. Demikian surat pernyataan ini saya perbuat dengan sebenarnya dan dalam keadaan sehat. Medan, 14 Agustus 2019 Radiatul Fadillah Putri NIM 151501154 vi Universitas Sumatera Utara STUDI PEMANFAATAN TANAMAN SEBAGAI OBAT TRADISIONAL DI DESA BULUH CINA KABUPATEN KAMPAR PROVINSI RIAU ABSTRAK Latar Belakang: Desa Buluh Cina merupakan desa yang terletak di Kabupaten Kampar Provinsi Riau. Di sekitar desa sendiri terdapat hutan rimbo adat tujuh danau yang memiliki sumber daya alam yang melimpah ruah. Salah satunya adalah tanaman obat. Tanaman obat banyak tersebar di pemukiman warga juga di daerah kawasan hutan Desa Buluh Cina. Tujuan: Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui jenis tumbuhan yang dimanfaatkan, cara pemanfaatan tumbuhan obat dan jenis penyakit yang dapat diobati dengan tumbuhan obat yang dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat Desa Buluh Cina. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif yang menggunakan teknik observasi dan dokumentasi serta menggunakan metode wawancara terhadap responden dengan teknik snowball sampling. Hasil: Hasil penelitian pada Desa Buluh Cina Kabupaten Kampar Provinsi Riau terdapat 27 jenis tumbuhan obat yang berasal dari 20 famili. Cara pemanfaatan obat terdiri dari cara pengolahan dan penggunaan. Cara pengolahan tumbuhan obat oleh masyarakat Desa Buluh Cina Kabupaten Kampar Provinsi Riau yaitu dibakar, direbus, dihaluskan, dikikis, ditumbuk/diperas, dan dikunyah. Sedangkan cara penggunaan tumbuhan obat yaitu ditempelkan, dimakan langsung, diminum dan digosok. Ada sebanyak 22 jenis penyakit yang dapat diobati dengan tumbuhan obat yang dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat Desa Buluh Cina Kabupaten Kampar Provinsi Riau. Kesimpulan: Masyarakat Desa Buluh Cina banyak memanfaatkan tanaman obat untuk mengobati penyakit mulai dari akut hingga kronis Kata Kunci: Pemanfaatan Tanaman, Obat Tradisional, Desa Buluh Cina vii Universitas Sumatera Utara STUDY OF THE USE OF PLANTS AS TRADITIONAL MEDICINES IN BULUH CINA VILLAGE KAMPAR DISTRICT RIAU PROVINCE ABSTRACT Background: Buluh Cina Village is a village located in Kampar Regency, Riau Province. Around the village there are rimbo adat tujuh danau forest that have abundant natural resources. One of them is medicinal plants. Medicinal plants are spread in residential areas also in the forest area. Objective: The purpose of this study is to find out the types of plants used, how to use medicinal plants and types of diseases that can be treated with medicinal plants that are used by the people of Buluh Cina Village. Method: This study was a descriptive research that uses observation and documentation techniques and uses interview methods to respondents with a snowball sampling technique. Results: The results of the study in the Village of Buluh China, Kampar Regency, Riau Province, there were 27 types of medicinal plants from 20 families. The way to use medicinal plants consists of how to process and use. The way to process medicinal plants by the people of Buluh Cina Village, Kampar Regency, Riau Province, were to be burned, boiled, mashed, scraped, pounded / squeezed, and chewed. Whereas the method of using medicinal plants is affixed, eaten directly, drunk and rubbed. There were as many as 22 types of diseases that can be treated with medicinal plants that was used by the people of Buluh Cina Village, Kampar Regency, Riau Province. Conclusion: Many people in Buluh Cina used medicinal plants to treat various diseases from acute to chronic. Keywords: Plant Utilization, Traditional Medicines, Buluh Cina Village viii Universitas Sumatera Utara DAFTAR ISI JUDUL ..................................................................................................................... i HALAMAN JUDUL ............................................................................................... ii HALAMAN PENGESAHAN ................................................................................ iii KATA PENGANTAR ........................................................................................... iv HALAMAN PERNYATAAN ............................................................................... vi ABSTRAK ............................................................................................................ vii ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................... viii DAFTAR ISI .......................................................................................................... ix DAFTAR TABEL .................................................................................................. xi DAFTAR GAMBAR ...........................................................................................
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