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Jenis Pohon Pakan Orangutan Sumatera

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Jenis Pohon Pakan Orangutan Sumatera JENIS POHON PAKAN ORANGUTAN SUMATERA (Pongo abelii Lesson, 1827) BERDASARKAN KETINGGIAN TEMPAT DI STASIUN PENELITIAN KETAMBE SEBAGAI REFERENSI MATAKULIAH EKOLOGI HEWAN SKRIPSI Diajukan Oleh : Taufiq Nurcholisudin NIM. 150207022 Mahasiswa Fakultas Tarbiyah dan Keguruan Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi FAKULTAS TARBIYAH DAN KEGURUAN UNIVERSITAS ISLAM NEGERI AR-RANIRY BANDA ACEH 2020 M/ 1441 H Jenis Pohon Pakan Orangutan Sumatera (Pongo abelii Lesson, 1827) Berdasarkan Ketinggian Tempat di Stasiun Penelitian Ketambe Sebagai Referensi Matakuliah Ekologi Hewan Banda Aceh, 05 Agustus 2020 Yang Menyatakan, NIM. 150207022 ABSTRAK Orangutan merupakan spesies kunci kekayaan hayati dan berperan penting dalam penyeimbangan ekosistem di lingkungan, akan tetapi populasi Orangutan Sumatera (Pongo abelii) semakin menurun akibat berkurangnya habitat dan ketersediaan pohon pakan yang merupakan faktor penting bagi kelangsungan hidup Orangutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis pohon pakan Orangutan Sumatera (P. abelii) berdasarkan ketinggian tempat, bagian pohon pakan yang dimakan oleh Orangutan Sumatera (P. abelii), dan bentuk dari hasil penelitian jenis pohon pakan Orangutan Sumatera (P. abelii) di Stasiun Penelitian Ketambe berupa poster dan buku ajar sebagai referensi matakuliah Ekologi Hewan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu survey eksploratif dengan teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan metode line transek di 3 strata ketinggian tempat yaitu 300-600 mdpl, 600-900 mdpl, dan 900-1100 mdpl. Teknik pengambilan sampel secara purposive sampling dengan kriteria keberadaan pohon pakan dan tempat yang landai pada setiap strata ketinggian tempat yang telah ditentukan. Instrumen pengumpulan data menggunakan lembar pengamatan yang dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh, jenis pohon pakan Orangutan sumatera (P. abelii) pada ketinggian 300-600 mdpl ditemukan 50 jenis dengan persentase 60,24%, ketinggian 600-900 mdpl ditemukan 34 Jenis dengan persentase 40,96% dan pada ketinggian 900-1100 mdpl ditemukan 38 jenis dengan persentase 45,78%. Bagian pohon pakan yang dimakan antara lain; buah dengan persentase 81,9%, biji 7,2%, daun muda 1,2%, bunga 1,2%. kemudian buah dan daun muda 2,4%, buah dan kulit pohon 1,2%, buah, kulit pohon dan Getah pohon 1,2%, buah, tunas muda dan daun muda 1,2%, buah, bunga, dan tunas muda 1,2%, buah, bunga 2,4%. Uji kelayakan terhadap pemanfaatan hasil penelitian berupa buku ajar dengan nilai 90,76% dan poster 88,54% dengan kriteria sangat layak digunakan sebagai referensi untuk matakulih Ekologi Hewan. Kata Kunci: Orangutan sumatera (Pongo abelii), Jenis Pohon Pakan, Ketinggian tempat, Stasiun Penelitian Ketambe. v KATA PENGANTAR Syukur Alhamdulillah kehadirat Allah Subhanahu wata’ala, yang senantiasa memberikan Rahmat dan Hidayah-Nya sehingga penulis telah dapat menyelesaikan proposal skripsi yang berjudul “Jenis Pohon Pakan Orangutan Sumatera (Pongo abelii Lesson, 1827) Berdasarkan Ketinggian Tempat di Stasiun Penelitian Ketambe Sebagai Referensi Matakuliah Ekologi Hewan”. Shalawat beriring salam kita sanjungkan kepangkuan Nabi Muhammad Shallallahu ‘alaihi wasallam, beserta keluarga dan para sahabat sekalian yang karena beliaulah kita merasakan betapa bermaknanya alam yang penuh dengan ilmu pengetahuan ini. Tujuan penulisan skripsi ini adalah untuk menyelesaikan pendidikan S1 pada Fakultas Tarbiyah dan Keguruan UIN Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh.Dari awal penulisan sampai tahap penyelesaian proposal ini tentu tidak akan tercapai apabila tidak ada bantuan dari semua pihak baik moril maupun materil. Oleh karena itu melalui kata pengantar ini penulis mengucapkan terimakasih kepada : 1. Bapak Dr. Anton Widyanto, M.Ag. sebagai Penasehat Akademik (PA) dan sekaligus pembimbing I dan Bapak Musclich Hidayat, M.Si Sebagai pembimbing II yang telah sangat banyak meluangkan waktunya untuk membimbing, mengarahkan dan memotivasi penulis untuk menyelesaikanskripsi ini. 2. Bapak Samsul Kamal, M.Pd, selaku ketua Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi, beserta Bapak dan Ibu dosen dan seluruh staf di lingkungan Program Studi Pendidikan Biologi yang memberikan nasehat dan motivasi. 3. Bapak Dr. Muslim Razali, M.Ag, selaku Dekan Fakultas Tarbiyah dan Keguruan UIN Ar-Raniry yang telah menyetujui penyusunan skripsi ini. vi 4. Bapak Menager FKL, Korlap TNGL dan Asisten Penelitian beserta seluruh staf di Kawasan Stasiun Penelitian Ketambe Kabupaten Ace Tenggara. 5. Ucapan terima kasih yang teristimewa ananda sampaikan kepada kedua orang tua tercinta Ayahanda tercinta Ilyas dan ibunda tersayang Jurniati dan keluarga yang senantiasa memberikan semangat, motivasi dan do’a terbaik untuk ananda. 6. Rekan-rekan seperjuangan kuliah famili 01 dan angkatan 2015 yang telah belajar bersama dan bekerja sama dalam menempuh pendidikan semoga kita semua sukses dan selalu dalam lindungan Allah Subhanahu wata’ala,Aamiin. Mudah-mudahan atas partisipasi dan motivasi yang telah diberikan dapat menjadi amal kebaikan dan mendapat pahala di sisi Allah Subhanahu wata’ala. Oleh karena itu penulis mengharapkan kritikan dan saran dari semua pihak yang sifatnya membangun demi kesempurnaan penulis di masa yang akan datang. Akhirul kalam, kepada Allah jualah semata kita berserah diri. Semoga limpahan rahmat dan karunia-Nya selalu mengalir kepada kita semua, Aamiin. Banda Aceh, 02 Agustus 2020 Penulis, vii DAFTAR ISI hal LEMBAR JUDUL SURAT PERSETUJUAN SURAT PENGESAHAN PEMBIMBING SURAT PERNYATAAN ABSTRAK ........................................................................................................... ..... ..... v KATA PENGANTAR .......................................................................................... ..... vi DAFTAR ISI .............................................................................................................. viii DAFTAR TABEL ................................................................................................ ..... ..... x DAFTAR GAMBAR ............................................................................................ ..... .... xi DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ........................................................................................ ..... .... xii BAB I : PENDAHULUAN ................................................................................... ..... ........1 A. Latar Belakang Masalah ....................................................................... ..... ........1 B. Rumusan Masalah ................................................................................ ............. 7 C. Tujuan Penelitian ................................................................................. ..... 8 D. Manfaat Penelitian ............................................................................... ..... 9 E. Definisi Operasional ............................................................................ ..... 9 BAB II : TINJAUAN PUSTAKA ...................................................................... ..... 13 A. Deskripsi Orangutan Sumatera (Pongo abelii) ...................................... ..... 13 B. Perilaku Makan .................................................................................... ..... 18 C. Pohon Pakan Orangutan ...................................................................... ..... 19 D. Pakan Orangutan ....................................................................................... 20 E. Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Ketersediaan Pakan Orangutan ................. ..... 21 F. Stasiun Penelitian Ketambe .................................................................. ..... 23 G. Pemanfaatan Jenis Pohon Pakan Orangutan Sumatera (Pongo abelii) Sebagai Referensi Matakuliah Ekologi Hewan ..................................... ..... 25 H. Uji Kelayakan ...................................................................................... ..... 27 BAB III : METODE PENELITIAN .................................................................... ..... 28 A. Rancangan Penelitian ........................................................................... ..... 28 B. Lokasi dan Waktu Penelitian ................................................................ ..... 28 C. Populasi dan Sampel Penelitian ............................................................ ..... 29 D. Alat dan Bahan Penelitian .................................................................... ..... 30 E. Prosedur Penelitian .............................................................................. ..... 30 F. Instrumen Pengumpulan Data .................................................................... 32 G. Teknik Analisis Data .................................................................................. 32 BAB IV : HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN................................................................... 34 A. Hasil Penelitian ............................................................................................. 34 1. Jenis pohon pakan Orangutan Sumatera (Pongo abelii Lesson, 1827) yang ditemukan di Stasiun Penelitian Ketambe ...................................... 34 2. Jenis pohon pakan Orangutan Sumatera (Pongo abelii Lesson, 1827) Berdasarkan ketinggian tempat di Stasiun Penelitian Ketambe............... 37 viii 3. Bagian pohon pakan yang dimakan Orangutan Sumatera (Pongo abelii Lesson, 1827) Berdasarkan Ketinggian Tempat di Stasiun Penelitian Ketambe ................................................................................................ 42 4. Faktor Fisik-Kimia Lingkungan di Stasiun Penelitian Ketambe Kabupaten Aceh Tenggara ....................................................................
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