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Gli Angiò-Durazzo: La Rappresentazione Del Potere

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Gli Angiò-Durazzo: La Rappresentazione Del Potere Tesi di dottorato in cotutela tra Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II Dipartimento di Studi Umanistici Dottorato di ricerca in Scienze storiche, archeologiche e storico-artistiche - XXXII ciclo e Université d’Avignon École doctorale 537 Culture et Patrimoine Gli Angiò-Durazzo: la rappresentazione del potere Tutor/Directeur de thèse Ch. Mo Prof. Francesco Senatore Dottorando Tutor/Directeur de thèse Davide Passerini Ch. Mo Prof. Guido Castelnuovo Coordinatore del Dottorato Ch. Mo Prof. Valerio Petrarca Anno accademico: 2019-2020 Indice Premessa .................................................................................................................................................. 6 I parte: Storia ed organizzazione del regno sotto gli Angiò-Durazzo ................................................... 12 Introduzione. Il regno di Napoli nell’Europa in trasformazione ........................................................... 12 Fonti di storia angioina e durazzesca ................................................................................... 16 I documenti della cancelleria angioina ............................................................................ 16 Le cronache ...................................................................................................................... 20 Il panorama bibliografico ................................................................................................. 21 1. Profilo storico della dinastia d’Angiò-Durazzo ................................................................................. 24 1.1 L’incerto cammino degli Angiò-Durazzo prima della conquista di Napoli ................... 24 1.1.1 Il capostipite Giovanni d’Angiò, dalla contea di Gravina al ducato di Durazzo .... 24 1.1.2 Carlo di Durazzo e l’instabile inizio del regno di Giovanna I ................................ 27 1.1.3 Luigi di Durazzo e la difficile riscossa della famiglia ............................................ 30 1.1.4 Una donna di carattere: Giovanna di Durazzo ........................................................ 33 1.1.5 Carlo di Durazzo e la questione della successione dei regni di Ungheria e di Napoli ...................................................................................................................................................... 36 1.2. Il Grande Scisma e l’investitura a Carlo III del regno di Sicilia ................................... 40 1.2.1 Un cammino trionfale: Carlo III sul trono di Napoli .............................................. 41 1.2.2 Le divisioni nel regno e l’invasione di Luigi I di Valois ........................................ 43 1.2.3 Da Nocera a Visegrád: lo scontro con papa Urbano VI e l’avventura ungherese ... 50 1.3 La reggenza di Margherita e l’espansionismo di Ladislao ............................................. 52 1.3.1 Margherita reggente e il problema dell’incoronazione di Ladislao ........................ 52 1.3.2 Ladislao assume il potere: la guerra per riprendere Napoli .................................... 54 1.3.3 La lotta contro i baroni ............................................................................................ 56 1.3.4 L’espansione di Ladislao in Italia centrale ............................................................. 60 1.4 Il turbolento regno di Giovanna II .................................................................................. 63 1.4.1 Alla ricerca della corona ......................................................................................... 63 1.4.2 Il problema della successione di Giovanna II: Alfonso d’Aragona e Luigi III d’Angiò ......................................................................................................................................... 68 1.4.3 Gli anni del crepuscolo ........................................................................................... 71 2. La struttura del potere........................................................................................................................ 76 2.1 L’Amministrazione regia: gli uffici centrali .................................................................. 76 1 2.1.1 L’hospitium regis .................................................................................................... 77 L’hospitium di Carlo III ................................................................................................... 77 L’hospitium di Ladislao ................................................................................................... 84 L’hospitium di Giovanna II ............................................................................................. 86 2.1.2 Giustizia .................................................................................................................. 91 2.1.3 Finanze .................................................................................................................... 92 2.1.4 Esercito ................................................................................................................... 94 2.2 La capitale Napoli come interlocutore politico della dinastia ........................................ 99 2.2.1 Napoli nel XIV secolo e l’appoggio alla dinastia ................................................... 99 2.2.2 Gli Otto del Buono Stato ...................................................................................... 102 2.2.3 I Venti Eletti.......................................................................................................... 104 2.3 Il Regno ........................................................................................................................ 106 2.3.1 Geografia amministrativa...................................................................................... 106 Abruzzo .......................................................................................................................... 107 Molise e Campania ........................................................................................................ 109 Puglia ............................................................................................................................. 111 Basilicata ........................................................................................................................ 111 Calabria .......................................................................................................................... 112 2.3.2 Tra giustizieri e vicegerenti: il vertice delle province ........................................... 112 2.3.3 Giustizia ................................................................................................................ 117 2.3.4 Finanze .................................................................................................................. 121 Economia di “Stato” ...................................................................................................... 124 2.4 Conclusioni .................................................................................................................. 125 II parte. Ideologia del potere ............................................................................................................... 127 Introduzione. Potere: della sua rappresentazione e della sua legittimità ............................................. 127 3. La scrittura e il potere ...................................................................................................................... 133 3.1 Le scritture pubbliche dei Durazzo .............................................................................. 136 3.1.1 La produzione delle scritture: la cancelleria degli Angiò-Durazzo (secoli XIII-XIV) .................................................................................................................................................... 136 Struttura e redazione degli atti ....................................................................................... 136 3.1.2 Tipologie di atti emanati dalla cancelleria: classificazione diplomatistica o contenutistica? ............................................................................................................................ 139 3.2 Il preambolo come inquadramento retorico della decisione sovrana ........................... 140 3.3 I preamboli dei documenti durazzeschi ........................................................................ 142 2 3.3.1 I formulari angioini e i precedenti svevi ............................................................... 142 3.3.2 La rappresentazione del sovrano ........................................................................... 147 Temi ................................................................................................................................... 147 Caritas ............................................................................................................................ 147 Clementia e misericordia ............................................................................................... 148 Guerra ............................................................................................................................ 150 I destinatari ......................................................................................................................... 151 Fideles regis ................................................................................................................... 151 Officiales .......................................................................................................................
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