Development of Valvetrain for Formula One Engine
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4.6L/5.4L Sohc Modular ( 2 Valve ) Mechanical Flat
4.6L/5.4L SOHC MODULAR (2 VALVE ) MECHANICAL FLAT TAPPET Ford Low Lift Design 1994-1998 (Early Model Cylinder Head) Advertised Duration Gross Lift Suitable Description Part Lobe Duration @ .050" Lobe Lift (1.8) Component Number Sep Intake Exhaust Intake Exhaust Intake Exhaust Intake Exhaust Kit FACTORY OEM SPECS (1994-98) Stock 233° Lobe 242° 186° Lobe 191° Stock .256" .259" .461" .466" 242° Valve 254° 202° Valve 207° STAGE 1 62811-2 252° Lobe 256° 204° Lobe 208° 84706 .296" .296" .532" .532" Hot street profi le. Emphasis on mid range. Spring recommended. RPM Range: 1500 to 6000+ on 4.6L, 5.4L will be lower MTO 114° 266° Valve 270° 220° Valve 224° 84707 STAGE 2 62812-2 258° Lobe 258° 212° Lobe 212° 84706 114° .296" .296" .532" .532" Designed specifi cally for supercharger applications for street use. RPM Range: 1750 to 6500+ on 4.6L, 5.4L will be lower MTO 272° Valve 272° 230° Valve 230° 84707 STAGE 3 62813-2 258° Lobe 258° 212° Lobe 212° 114° Designed specifi cally for supercharger applications for street use. RPM Range: 1750 to 6500+ on 4.6L, 5.4L will be lower MTO 272° Valve 272° 230° Valve 230° CUSTOM GROUND 4.6L/5.4L CAMS 00080-2 Special order custom ground profi les available for an additional charge. Proprietary and confi dential profi les also Refer to www.crower.com for available. camshaft recommendation Note: These cams use .000" intake and exhaust valve lash. NOTE: These cams require aftermarket cam bolt kit #86053-2. The factory bolt WILL NOT work. -
The Achates Power Opposed-Piston Two-Stroke Engine
Gratis copy for Gerhard Regner Copyright 2011 SAE International E-mailing, copying and internet posting are prohibited Downloaded Wednesday, August 31, 2011 08:49:32 PM The Achates Power Opposed-Piston Two-Stroke 2011-01-2221 Published Engine: Performance and Emissions Results in a 09/13/2011 Medium-Duty Application Gerhard Regner, Randy E. Herold, Michael H. Wahl, Eric Dion, Fabien Redon, David Johnson, Brian J. Callahan and Shauna McIntyre Achates Power Inc Copyright © 2011 SAE International doi:10.4271/2011-01-2221 technical challenges related to emissions, fuel efficiency, cost ABSTRACT and durability - to name a few - and these challenges have Historically, the opposed-piston two-stroke diesel engine set been more easily met by four-stroke engines, as demonstrated combined records for fuel efficiency and power density that by their widespread use. However, the limited availability of have yet to be met by any other engine type. In the latter half fossil fuels and the corresponding rise in fuel cost has led to a of the twentieth century, the advent of modern emissions re-examination of the fundamental limits of fuel efficiency in regulations stopped the wide-spread development of two- internal combustion (IC) engines, and opposed-piston stroke engine for on-highway use. At Achates Power, modern engines, with their inherent thermodynamic advantage, have analytical tools, materials, and engineering methods have emerged as a promising alternative. This paper discusses the been applied to the development process of an opposed- potential of opposed-piston two-stroke engines in light of piston two-stroke engine, resulting in an engine design that today's market and regulatory requirements, the methodology has demonstrated a 15.5% fuel consumption improvement used by Achates Power in applying state-of-the-art tools and compared to a state-of-the-art 2010 medium-duty diesel methods to the opposed-piston two-stroke engine engine at similar engine-out emissions levels. -
Optimizing the Cylinder Running Surface / Piston System of Internal
THIS DOCUMENT IS PROTECTED BY U.S. AND INTERNATIONAL COPYRIGHT. It may not be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, distributed or transmitted, in whole or in part, in any form or by any means. Downloaded from SAE International by Peter Ernst, Saturday, September 15, 2012 04:51:57 PM Optimizing the Cylinder Running Surface / Piston 2012-32-0092 System of Internal Combustion Engines Towards 20129092 Published Lower Emissions 10/23/2012 Peter Ernst Sulzer Metco AG (Switzerland) Bernd Distler Sulzer Metco (US) Inc. Copyright © 2012 SAE International doi:10.4271/2012-32-0092 engine and together with the adjustment of the ring package ABSTRACT and the piston a reduction of 35% in LOC was achieved. This Rising fuel prices and more stringent vehicle emissions engine will go into production in September 2012 with requirements are increasing the pressure on engine limited numbers coated in the Sulzer Metco Wohlen facility manufacturers to utilize technologies to increase efficiency in Switzerland, until an engineered coating system is ready on and reduce emissions. As a result, interest in cylinder surface site to start large series production. More details on the coatings has risen considerably in the past few years. Among engine performance and design changes made to the cast these are SUMEBore® coatings from Sulzer Metco. These aluminium block in order to take full advantage of the coating coatings are applied by a powder-based air plasma spray on the cylinder running surfaces is presented in the paper (APS) process. The APS process is very flexible, and can from Zorn et al. [1]. -
Simulation Approaches for the Solution of Cranktrain Vibrations Pavel Novotný, Václav Píštěk, Lubomír Drápal, Aleš Prokop
Simulation Approaches for the Solution of Cranktrain Vibrations PaveL NOVOTNÝ, VÁCLav PíštěK, LUBOMÍR DRÁPAL, ALEš PROKOP 10.2478/v10138-012-0006-8 SIMULATION APPROACHES FOR THE SOLUTION OF CRANKTRAIN VIBRATIONS PAVEL NOVOTNÝ, VÁCLAV PíštěK, LubOMÍR DRÁPAL, ALEš PROKOP Institute of Automotive Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Technická 2896/2, 616 69 Brno, Czech Republic Tel.: +420 541 142 272, Fax: +420 541 143 354, E-mail: [email protected] SHRNUTÍ Vývoj moderních pohonných jednotek vyžaduje využívání pokročilých výpočtových metod, nutných k požadovanému zkrácení času tohoto vývoje společně s minimalizací nákladů na něj. Moderní výpočtové modely jsou stále složitější a umožnují řešit mnoho různých fyzikálních problémů. V případě dynamiky pohonných jednotek a životnosti jejich komponent lze využít několik různých přístupů. Prvním z nich je přístup zahrnující samostatné řešení každého subsystému pohonné jednotky. Druhý přístup využívá model pohonné jednotky obsahující všechny hlavní subsystémy, jako klikový mechanismus, ventilový rozvod, pohon rozvodů nebo vstřikovací čerpadlo, a řeší všechny tyto subsystémy současně i s jejich vzájemným ovlivněním. Cílem článku je pomocí vybraných výsledků prezentovat silné a slabé stránky obou přístupů. Výpočty a experimenty jsou prováděny na traktorovém vznětovém šestiválcovém motoru. KlíčOVÁ SLOVA: POHONNÁ JEDNOTKA, DYNAMIKA, VIBRACE, KLIKOVÝ mechANISMUS, NVH, MKP ABSTRACT The development of modern powertrains requires the use of advanced CAE tools enabling a reduction in engine development times and costs. Modern computational models are becoming ever more complicated and enable integration of many physical problems. Concentrating on powertrain dynamics and component fatigue, a few basic approaches can be used to arrive at a solution. The first approach incorporates a separate dynamics solution of the powertrain parts. -
10 Years of BMW F1 Engines Abstract
- 1 - Prof. Dr.-Ing. Mario Theissen, Dipl.-Ing. Markus Duesmann, Dipl.-Ing. Jan Hartmann, Dipl.-Ing. Matthias Klietz, Dipl.-Ing. Ulrich Schulz BMW Group, Munich 10 Years of BMW F1 Engines Abstract BMW engines gave the company a presence in Formula One from 2000 to 2009. The overall project can be broken down into a preparatory phase, its years as an engine supplier to the Williams team, and a period competing under the banner of its own BMW Sauber F1 Team. The conception, design and deployment of the engines were defined by the Formula One regulations, which were subject to change virtually every year. Reducing costs was the principal aim of these revisions. Development expenditure was scaled down gradually as a result of the technical restrictions imposed on the teams and finally through homologation and a freeze on development. Engine build costs were limited by the increased mileage required of each engine and the restrictions on testing. A lower number of engines were therefore required for each season. A second aim, reduced engine output, was achieved with the switch from 3.0-litre V10 engines to 2.4-litre V8s for the 2006 season. In the early years of its involvement in F1, BMW developed and built a new engine for each season amid a high-pressure competitive environment. This process saw rapid improvements made in engine output and weight, and the BMW powerplant soon attained benchmark status in F1. In recent years, development work focused on raising mileage capability and reliability without changing the engine concept itself. The P86/9 of the 2009 season achieved the same engine output, despite a 20% reduction in displacement, of the E41/4 introduced at the beginning of the 2000 season. -
PDF of Catalog
Edition rd The Power Behind The Power 3 Marine & Industrial Accessories Guide Headquarters New England Carolinas Great Lakes 2365 Route 22, West 48 Leona Drive 4500 Northchase Pkwy., NE 1270 Kyle Court Union, NJ 07083 Middleborough, MA 02346 Wilmington, NC 28405 Wauconda, IL 60084 (908) 964-0700 (508) 946-9200 (910) 792-1900 (847) 526-9700 Fax: (908) 687-6725 Fax: (508) 946-0779 Fax: (910) 792-6266 Fax: (847) 526-9708 [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] (800) MAC K-E N G • w w w.m a c k bo ring.c om • (8 00 ) MA C K-FAX TO OUR FRIENDS A Reputation Built On Dependable Service Since 1922 Dear Friends: As we enter into our 84th year in business, we still maintain the core values upon which Mack Boring was founded by our grandfather, Ed McGovern, Sr. Quality, Strong Support, Engineered Solutions, Superior Customer Service, and Added Value to the products we supply, has been the Mack Boring way. Mack Boring and the McGovern Family stand for Quality. We provide quality solutions, backed by quality support – with no compromise, to the challenges our customers face every day, and deliver high quality prod- ucts, services and resources. We hire high quality personnel. Mack Boring relentlessly strives to provide superior support in the form of friendly, technically-savvy customer service representatives in the field, or on the telephone when you call for parts or whole-goods. If you are performing a start-up or an application review, we will support your needs. -
TECH GUIDE 1 1-5 Gaskets/Decks 4/15/09 10:51 AM Page 2
2009 APRIL Pg 1 Head & Block Decks & Gaskets Pg 6 Cylinder Bores & Piston Rings Pg 12 Valves & Valve Seats Pg 16 Cam Bores, Bearings & Camshafts Circle 101 or more information 1-5 Gaskets/Decks 4/15/09 10:51 AM Page 1 ince the days of sealing Smooth Operation or chatter when it makes an interrupt- engines with asbestos, cork, How smooth is smooth enough? You ed cut. S rope and paper are, for the used to be able to tell by dragging For example, a converted grinder most part, ancient history, your fingernail across the surface of a may be able to mill heads and blocks. new-age materials and designs have cylinder head or engine block. And But the spindles and table drives in elevated the critical role gaskets and besides, it didn’t really matter because many of these older machines cannot seals play in the longevity of an the composite head gasket would fill hold close enough tolerances to engine. Finding the optimum sealing any gaps that your equipment or tech- achieve a really smooth, flat finish. material and design remain a chal- nique left behind. One equipment manufacturer said lenge many gasket manufacturers face But with MLS gaskets the require- grinding and milling machines that as engines are asked to do more. ments have changed. To seal properly, are more than five years old are prob- Gaskets that combine high per- a head gasket requires a surface finish ably incapable of producing consistent formance polymers with metal or that is within a recommended range. results and should be replaced. -
The Last Road Race
The Last Road Race ‘A very human story - and a good yarn too - that comes to life with interviews with the surviving drivers’ Observer X RICHARD W ILLIAMS Richard Williams is the chief sports writer for the Guardian and the bestselling author of The Death o f Ayrton Senna and Enzo Ferrari: A Life. By Richard Williams The Last Road Race The Death of Ayrton Senna Racers Enzo Ferrari: A Life The View from the High Board THE LAST ROAD RACE THE 1957 PESCARA GRAND PRIX Richard Williams Photographs by Bernard Cahier A PHOENIX PAPERBACK First published in Great Britain in 2004 by Weidenfeld & Nicolson This paperback edition published in 2005 by Phoenix, an imprint of Orion Books Ltd, Orion House, 5 Upper St Martin's Lane, London WC2H 9EA 10 987654321 Copyright © 2004 Richard Williams The right of Richard Williams to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted by him in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner. A CIP catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. ISBN 0 75381 851 5 Printed and bound in Great Britain by Clays Ltd, St Ives, pic www.orionbooks.co.uk Contents 1 Arriving 1 2 History 11 3 Moss 24 4 The Road 36 5 Brooks 44 6 Red 58 7 Green 75 8 Salvadori 88 9 Practice 100 10 The Race 107 11 Home 121 12 Then 131 The Entry 137 The Starting Grid 138 The Results 139 Published Sources 140 Acknowledgements 142 Index 143 'I thought it was fantastic. -
Your Vacuum Gauge Is Your Friend
WRENCHIN’ @ RANDOM YOUR VACUUM GAUGE IS YOUR FRIEND Two Essential Diagnostic Tools No Hot Rodder Should Be Without, and How to Use Them Marlan Davis hI’ve been answering read- ers’ Pit Stop tech questions for decades, explaining how to improve performance, troubleshoot pesky problems, or recommend a better combina- tion. Yet rarely do any of these problem- solving requests include information on the problem combo’s vacuum reading. That’s unfor- tunate, as [Above: Two essential diagnostic tools no hot rodder should be with- vacuum out, from left: a Mityvac handheld can tell vacuum pump for testing vacuum you a heck of a lot about an consumers (some models will even engine’s condition, without the aid in brake bleeding), and a large, easy-to-read vacuum gauge like need to invest in a bunch of this one by OTC (this model also high-tech diagnostic tools. includes a pressure gauge for even So what’s the deal on more test possibilities). vacuum? Consider an internal- [Left: Knowing how to use a combustion engine as basically vacuum gauge is the key to a giant air pump that operates diagnosing many performance under the principles of pres- problems. It aids in tuning your sure differential. The difference motor to the tip of the pyramid. It even helps diagnose problems not between normal atmospheric seemingly engine-related, such as pressure (14.7 psi at sea level a weak power-brake system. Add at standard temperature and one to your toolbox today. pressure) and how hard this “pump” sucks under various engine-management system). -
Service Table of Limits and Torque Value Recommendations
SERVICE TABLE OF LIMITS AND TORQUE VALUE RECOMMENDATIONS NOTICE The basic Table of Limits, SSP-1776 has been completely revised and reissued herewith as SSP-1776-5. It is made up of the following four parts, each part contains five sections. PART I DIRECT DRIVE ENGINES (Including VO and IVO-360) PART II INTEGRAL ACCESSORY DRIVE ENGINES PART III GEARED ENGINES PART IV VERTICAL ENGINES (Excluding VO and IVO-360) SECTION I 500 SERIES CRANKCASE, CRANKSHAFT & CAMSHAFT SECTION II 600 SERIES CYLINDERS SECTION III 700 SERIES GEAR TRAIN SECTION IV 800 SERIES BACKLASH (GEAR TRAIN) SECTION V 900 SERIES TORQUE AND SPRINGS This publication supersedes and replaces the previous publication SSP-1776-4. To make sure that SSP-1776-5 will receive the attention of maintenance personnel, a complete set of pages for the book is sent to all registered owners of Overhaul Manuals. These recipients should remove all previous Table of Limits material from the Overhaul Manual and discard. SSP-1776-5 April 13, 2020* * - Indicates cut-off date for data retrieved prior to publication. ©2020 by Lycoming “All Rights Reserved” This page intentionally left blank. INTRODUCTION SERVICE TABLE OF LIMITS This Table of Limits is provided to serve as a guide to all service and maintenance personnel engaged in the repair and overhaul of Lycoming Aircraft Engines. Much of the material herein contained is subject to revision; therefore, if any doubt exists regarding a specific limit or the incorporation of limits shown, an inquiry should be addressed to the Lycoming factory for clarification. DEFINITIONS Ref. (1st column) The numbers in the first column headed “Ref.” are shown as a reference number to locate the area described in the “Nomenclature” column. -
Camshaft Installation and Degreeing Procedure
1 INSTRUCTIONS Camshaft Installation and Degreeing Procedure Thank you for choosing COMP Cams® products; we are proud to be your manufacturer of choice. Please read this instruction booklet carefully before beginning installation and also take a moment to review the included limited warranty information. This instruction booklet is broken down into several categories for ease of use. Some of the topics may not apply to every application, but all of the information will be very beneficial during the cam installation process. For step-by-step visual detail, it is recommended to watch the COMP Cams® DVD “The Proper Procedure to Install and Degree a Camshaft” (Part #190DVD). If you have any questions or problems during the installation, please do not hesitate to contact the toll free CAM HELP® line at 1-800-999-0853, 7am to 8pm CST Monday through Friday, 9am to 4pm CST Saturday. Important: In order for your new COMP Cams® camshaft to be covered under any warranty, you must use the recommended COMP Cams® lifters and valve springs. Failure to install new COMP Cams® lifters and valve springs with your new cam can cause the lobes to wear excessively and cause engine failure. If you have any questions about this application, please contact our technical department immediately. Camshaft Installation Procedure 1. Prepare a clean work area and assemble the tools needed for the camshaft installation. It is suggested to use an automotive manual to help determine which items must be removed from the engine in order to expose the timing chain, lifters and camshaft. A good, complete automotive manual will save time and frustration during the installation. -
VVT (Variable Valve Timing): Motion of Cam Phasing Device
MULTIDISCIPLINARY UNIVERSITY 1962 2013 11 Faculties Faculty of Mechanics and Technology, Faculty of Electronics, Communications and Computers, Faculty of Sciences, Faculty of Mathematics, Faculty of Letters, Faculty of Social Sciences, Faculty of Economics, Faculty of Law and Administration, Faculty Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Theology, Faculty of Education Sciences ~ 12 000 students in bachelor and master degrees, ~ 200 PhD students, 2013 Teaching & Research personal ( ~ 600 persons) o r g a n i z e THE ONE DAY SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP e n t i t l e d Variable Valve Actuation (VVA). A technique towards more efficient engines 18 April 2013 University of Pitesti, Romania Amphitheatre CC1, B-dul Republicii nr. 71, Pitesti OPENING SPEECHES Mihai BRASLASU – Vice Rector of the University of Pitesti, Romania Thierry MANSANO – Head of Engine Calibration Department of Renault Technologie Roumanie (DCMAP - RTR) Pierre PODEVIN – Cnam Paris, LGP2ES, EA21, France. Co-organizer Adrian CLENCI – Head of Automotive and Transports Department – University of Pitesti, Romania. Organizer o r g a n i z e THE ONE DAY SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP e n t i t l e d Variable Valve Actuation (VVA). A technique towards more efficient engines 18 April 2013 University of Pitesti, Romania Amphitheatre CC1, B-dul Republicii nr. 71, Pitesti PROGRAMME 10h00 – 11h00: Giovanni CIPOLLA, Politecnico di Torino, Italy, former GM Powertrain. Variable Valve Actuation (VVA): why? 11h00 – 12h00: Eduard GOLOVATAI SCHMIDT, Schaeffler Technologies AG, Germany. Consistent Enhancement of Variable Valve Actuation (VVA) 12h00 – 13h30: Lunch Break 14h00 – 15h00: Stéphane GUILAIN, Renault France, Powertrain Design and Technologies Division. VVT/VVA and Turbochargers: which synergies can we expect from these technologies? 15h00 – 16h00: Hubert FRIEDL, AVL GmbH Austria, Powertrain Systems Passenger Cars.