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Evaluation of the USDA Soybean Germplasm Collection: Maturity Groups 000-IV (PI 578371-PI 612761)

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Evaluation of the USDA Soybean Germplasm Collection: Maturity Groups 000-IV (PI 578371-PI 612761) United States Department of Agriculture Evaluation of the USDA Agricultural Research Soybean Germplasm Collection: Service Technical Bulletin Maturity Groups 000-IV Number 1919 April 2008 (PI 578371-PI 612761) United States Department of Evaluation of the USDA Agriculture Agricultural Soybean Germplasm Collection: Research Service Maturity Groups 000-IV Technical Bulletin Number 1919 (PI 578371-PI 612761) April 2008 J.L. Hill, E.K. Peregrine, G.L. Sprau, C.R. Cremeens, R.L. Nelson, J.H. Orf, and D.A. Thomas Peregrine is an agronomist, Sprau (now retired) was an agricultural research technician, and Cremeens (now retired) was an agricultural research technician with USDA, ARS, Soybean/Maize Germplasm, Pathology, and Genetics Research Unit, Urbana, IL. Nelson is a supervisory research geneticist with USDA, ARS, Soybean/Maize Germplasm, Pathology, and Genetics Research Unit, and a professor in the Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL. Orf is a professor in the Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN. Thomas is a chemist with USDA, ARS, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Peoria, IL. Nelson and Peregrine are curator and assistant curator, respectively, of the USDA Soybean Germplasm Collection, Urbana, IL. Abstract E.K. Peregrine, G.L. Sprau, C.R. Cremeens, R.L. Nelson, J.H. Orf, and D.A. Thomas. 2008. Evaluation of the USDA Soybean Germplasm Collection: Maturity Groups 000-IV (PI 578371-PI 612761). U.S. Department of Agriculture, Technical Bulletin No. 1919, 155 pp. This publication contains information on the origin, descriptive characteristics, agronomic performance, and seed composition of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) germplasm accessions in maturity groups 000-IV from the USDA Soybean Germplasm Collection that were primarily introduced into the United States between 1993 and 2000. The accessions included in this publication were evaluated in 2001 and 2002 in Rosemount, MN (Lat. 45° 02´ N, for MG 000-I) and Urbana, IL (Lat. 40° 00´ N, for MG I-IV). Keywords: agronomic characteristics, fatty acids, Glycine max, origin, seed composition, seed yield, soybean oil, soybean protein. While supplies last, single copies of this publication may be obtained from USDA Soybean Germplasm Collection, 1101 West Peabody Drive, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61801. Copies of this publication may be purchased in various formats (microfiche, photocopy, CD, print on demand) from the National Technical Information Service, 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, VA 22161, (800) 553-6847, www.ntis.gov. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, and where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion, sexual orientation, genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or part of an individual's income is derived from any public assistance program. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA's TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write to USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue SW, Washington, DC, 20250- 9410, or call (800) 795-3272 (voice) or (202) 720-6382 (TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. ii ARS Mission The Agricultural Research Service conducts research to develop and transfer solutions to agricultural problems of high national priority and provides information access and dissemination to: • ensure high quality, safe food and other agricultural products, • assess the nutritional needs of Americans, • sustain a competitive agricultural economy, • enhance the natural resource base and the environment, and • provide economic opportunities for rural citizens, communities, and society as a whole. iii Contents Page Introduction .....................................................................................................................................1 Maturity Groups 000-I ....................................................................................................................8 Table 1.1. Identification and origin information for USDA soybean germplasm in maturity groups 000-I, PI 578371 to PI 612761B, plus earlier accessions not previously evaluated. Table 2.1. Descriptive data for USDA soybean germplasm in maturity groups 000-I, PI 578371 to PI 612761B, plus earlier accessions not previously evaluated. Table 3.1. Agronomic data for USDA soybean germplasm collection in maturity groups 000-, PI 578371 to PI 612761B, plus earlier accessions not previously evaluated, grown at Rosemount, MN. Table 4.1. Seed composition data for USDA soybean germplasm in maturity groups 000-I, PI 578371 to PI 612761B, plus earlier accessions not previously evaluated, grown at Rosemount, MN. Maturity Groups I-IV ....................................................................................................................52 Table 1.2. Identification and origin information for USDA soybean germplasm in maturity groups I-IV, PI 578360 to PI 612761B, plus earlier accessions not previously evaluated. Table 2.2. Descriptive data for USDA soybean germplasm in maturity groups I- IV, PI 578360 to PI 612761B, plus earlier accessions not previously evaluated. Table 3.2. Agronomic data for USDA soybean germplasm in maturity groups I- IV, PI 578360 to PI 612761B, plus earlier accessions not previously evaluated, grown at Urbana, IL. Table 4.2. Seed composition data for USDA soybean germplasm in maturity groups I-IV, PI 578360 to PI 612761B, plus earlier accessions not previously evaluated, grown at Urbana, IL. iv Introduction This publication contains information on the origin, descriptive characteristics, agronomic performance, and seed composition data of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) germplasm accessions initially classified in maturity groups 000 through IV in the range from PI 578371 to PI 612761, plus some accessions that were omitted from earlier publications. Also included are cultivars in the same maturity groups, developed at public institutions in the United States and Canada, and released by 2001. These data are also available electronically through the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN) at http://www.ars- grin.gov/npgs/ or from the Database Management Unit, USDA-ARS, BARC West, Beltsville, MD 20705. This is one of a series of technical bulletins that report on evaluation of the USDA Soybean Germplasm Collection. Other evaluation publications can be obtained from the Curator, USDA Soybean Germplasm Collection, USDA-ARS, 1101 West Peabody Drive, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801. The accessions included in this publication were evaluated in 2001 and 2002 in Rosemount, Minnesota (Lat. 45° 02´ N, for MG 000-I) and Urbana, Illinois (Lat. 40° 00´ N, for MG I-IV). Accessions are listed with the evaluation in which they were planted, regardless of which maturity group they were placed in following evaluation. All tests were replicated once per year. Specific comments about each evaluation follow. MG 000 - I evaluation (Minnesota) Planting dates were June 8, 2001, and May 28, 2002. Plots were 3.6 m long with 4 rows 76 cm apart. Plots were trimmed to 2.4 m after maturity and the middle two rows harvested. Because of the difference in planting date, plants matured an average of six days later in 2001 than in 2002. Growing conditions in 2001 were hot and dry, while 2002 was wet most of the growing season. As a result, seed size and yield in 2002 was generally greater than in 2001. MG I - IV evaluation (Illinois) Planting dates were May 4, 2001, and May 27, 2002. Plots were 4 m long with 4 rows 76 cm apart. They were trimmed to 2.4 m after maturity and the middle two rows harvested. Accessions initially classified as maturity group I were stunted by herbicide damage and were not harvested in 2002. Seed composition was analyzed at the USDA Northern Center for Agricultural Utilization Research in Peoria, IL. Fatty acid composition was obtained by gas-liquid chromatography of the methyl esters (Christie 1989, Bannon et al. 1982). Oil and protein for samples with yellow seed coats was analyzed using the near infrared method for whole-grain analysis (AACC Method 39-21). Protein concentrations for samples with colored or heavily mottled seed coats were obtained using the improved 1 Kjeldahl method (AACC Method 46-16) and oil by the Butt Extraction method (AOCS Official Method Ac 3-44). Data categories and abbreviations The maturity groups of some accessions were changed based on evaluation data, but accessions are listed with the evaluation in which they were planted. Each evaluation was blocked by maturity group but the data are presented in cultivar name or PI number order. Numeric values are the mean of observations from 2 years, except chemical data from the Urbana, IL, location for maturity group I are for 2001 only. Where only one observation was used, that value is followed by a caret (^). Chemical data obtained using the Kjeldahl procedure and Butt extraction are followed by a “w”. An asterisk (*) following a mean indicates that the difference between the values for the two replications exceeded a specified limit. The limits for each trait are as follows: Flowering Date >14 days Maturity Date >14 days Lodging >1 unit
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