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Home , Chondrula tridens, Granaria frumentum, Helicopsis striata, Petrovaradin, Pupilla muscorum, Pupilla triplicata

SCARCE POPULATION OF MALACOFAUNA FROM MIS8/L3, AT LOESS PLATEAU,

Radaković, G.M.,1 Gavrilović, B.,2 Bosnić, L.,1 Gavrilov, M.B.,1 Sümegi, P.,3 Molnár, D.,3 Marković, S.B.1,4

1 University of , Faculty of Sciences, Department of Geography, Tourism and Hotel Management, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia. 2 Serbian Academy of Siences and Arts, Georgaphical Institute „Jovan Cvijić“, Department of Physycal Geography, Đure Jakiša 9, 11000 , Serbia. 3 Geology and Paleontology Department, University of Szeged, Aradi vértanúk tere 1, Szeged 6720, Hungary. 4 Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Kneza Miloša 35, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.

Introduction Methods Examination of malacofauna can produce very detailed information about Samples for the magnetic susceptibility (MS) variations have previously been collected paleoenvironmental and paleoclimatological conditions during Quaternary, over the whole investigated sections with step each 5 cm. as it shows different types of biotopes necessary for each specie. Holocene floodplain Measurements were obtained using a Bartington MS2 susceptibility meter in Laboratory Serbia is known to have well-studied LPS. The study area of this paper for paleoenvironmental reconstruction, Faculty of Sciences, . belongs to the Mošorin village on the northern side of the Titel loess plateau (TLP). The section name is Veliki (Big Gully). For the purpose of malacological studies samples of approximately 10 kg were taken continuously at 20 cm intervals. A total of 26 samples were collected from 5.2 m long TLP is situated near the confluence of Tisa and rivers, in the southern cleaned profile section (ending of S3 to the beginning of S2). central part of the province (Fig. 1), the region known for having the valuable continental climate record for the past million years. Individual fossils were extracted from loess sediments by washing samples through sieves (0.5–1 mm) in field conditions and then air-dried. Individual shells and shell fragments The Veliki Surduk LPS is 30 m high and covers the last three glacial periods. were further sorted and identified on a dissecting stereomicroscope. The L3 in Serbia was dated to 269± 46 ka (Marković et al., 2015).

Identification was done using various malacological literature: Kerney et al. (1983), It is the first time we carried out a malacological analysis on the L3 segment Pfleger (2000), Fehér et al. (2010), Welter-Schultes (2012) and Nekola et al. (2015). of the profile. Previous studies at this section did not include malacological Classification of mollusc taxa according to their ecological preferences (temperature, interpretation (e.g. Perić et al., 2019; Constantin et al., 2019; Basarin et al, humidity and vegetation structure) was done by comparison with the interpretations of 2008). Ložek (1964), Sümegi and Krolopp (2002), Sysoev and Shileyko (2009) and Juřičková et al. (2014), as well as from already published malacological findings on the Serbian LPS. Figure 1. Position of Titel loess plateau and Mošorin loess-paleosol sequence in Vojvodina province, Serbia, This paper presents the preliminary interpretation of the malacological including the pictures of the profile during the sampling. findings.

Dry steppe Grassland Transitional zone Wetland L3 horizon of the Veliki Surduk LPS has a nine of snails and Results and Discussion certain as-yet-unidentified slug taxa (Limacidae, Agriolimacidae, Milacidae).

Batajnica Veliki Surduk χfd(%) MS (10 -8m 3kg-1) MS (10 -8m 3kg-1) The greatest diversity and abundance was found near the S3 paleosol. 0 120 0 150 0 1 2 tridensGranaria frumentumHelicopsis striataPupilla triplicataPupilla muscorumPunctum pygmaeumVallonia costataVitrina pellucidaSuccinellaMilacidae, oblonga Limacidae,Total percentageTotal number (%) Samples with no snail shells are continuous, and they are situated in the Agriolimacidae (?) middle and upper part of the studied profile section. The first three VS500 53.8 15.4 30.8 100 13 0 samples that are closest to S3 include 65% of all snails shells found in the VS480 33.3 66.7 100 3 profile. The number of snail taxa and their abundance gradually VS460 100 No snails 0 increases again toward the S2 paleosol. VS440 100 100 1 VS420 100 1 5 L1 L1 100 VS400 100 100 1 Based on ecological preferences of discovered species (mostly VS380 50.0 50.0 100 2 thermophilous and xerophilous) we deduced that the environment during VS360 100 100 1 10 the L3 period was an opened grassland, while the climate was mild and VS340 100 0 mostly dry. S1 VS320 100 0 S1 VS300 No snails 100 0 Short description and dimensions of species in L3 of Veliki Surduk 15 L2 tephra VS280 100 0 VS260 100 0 frumentum striata L2 tephra VS240 100 0 (Draparnaud, 1801) (Müller, 1774)

Depth (m) S2SS1 VS220 100 100 1 Thermophilous, VS200 100 100 1 20 S2SS2 Thermophilous, aridity tolerant, VS180 100 1 aridity tolerant, L3 tephra? S2SS1 100 warm steppe, VS160 No snails 100 0 warm steppe. xerophilous. S2SS2 VS140 100 100 178 25 VS120 100 19 100 Chondrula tridens triplicata L3 VS100 100 100 1 (Müller, 1774) (Studer, 1820) VS080 0.91 1.84 24.7 36.7 32.1 0.91 2.75 100 109 VS060 100 100 2 Thermophilous, Preferring mildness, 30 S3 aridity tolerant, VS040 0.5 2.3 91.0 5.7 0.5 100 212 aridity tolerant, warm steppe, VS020 81.0 12.2 0.5 100 205 warm steppe. 1.5 4.4 xerophilous. VS000 0.5 0.1 7.8 10.2 37.4 41.3 0.5 1.5 100 206 Figure 1. The table on the right side is showing percentage (%) of each snail specie in the each sample (VS000-VS500), a total percentage per sample and a total number of snails in each sample. On the left side is a Punctum pygmaeum Vallonia costata plot of a low-frequency and frequency dependent magnetic susceptibility for investigated Veliki Surduk LPS. The data is taken from Marković et al., (2009). (Draparnaud, 1801) (Müller, 1774) Subhygrophilous, Highly tolerant, mesophilous mesophilous, Comparation with other Serbian LPSs dense vegetation. subhygrophilous Conclusion mild climate, L3 is relatively thin loess horizon if compared to younger Serbian loesses. It was developed The study aim is to gather palaeoenvironmental data and discern patterns of environmental changes during the open habitat. during the glacial cycle D, or MIS 8. On the Batajnica LPS, which is situated 45 km southern L3/MIS8 in the loess domain. Previous studies were done at the loess sites in Batajnica, , Mošorin, Pupilla muscorum Vitrina pellucida of Veliki Surduk (Fig. 1), the L3 horizon probably has a tephra layer, on the beginning of Crvenka, , , and Irig. In Veliki Surduk. (Linnaeus, 1758) (Müller, 1774) MIS 8. Such layer is visible in magnetic susceptibility curve. In records of TLP, such peak is missing. On the other side, L3 loess in Veliki Surduk is thicker than one in Batajnica A total of 26 samples were collected from 5.2 m long cleaned profile section (ending of S3 to the beginning of Highly tolerant, Shade-loving, (Marković et al., 2009) and Zemun (Laag et al., 2019). The bottom of the L3 is the most S2). Nine species of snails were present in this horizon, including Chondrula tridens, Granaria frumentum, mesophilous, steppe. woodland. abundant in snail species. One peak is visible at the depth of 24.35 m in L3 in Veliki Surduk. Helicopsis striata, Pupilla muscorum, Pupilla triplicata, Punctum pygmaeum, oblonga, Vallonia -8 3 -1 It has MS value of 35 10 m kg making it the highest value in investigated section, while costata, Vitrina pellucida, and certain as-yet-unidentified slug taxa (Limacidae, Agriolimacidae, Milacidae). Milacidae, Limacidae, the frequency-dependent has a maximum value of 2.1 %. At this depth, the last sample was (Draparnaud, 1801) Agriolimacidae (?) taken with a total number of shells being 13, but compared to previous samples with barely The dominance of temperate thermophilous and aridity-tolerant snails such as Chondrula tridens, Granaria some, or no shells at all, this change is worthy of mention. The average MS for L3 is 22.3 frumentum, Helicopsis striata, and Pupilla triplicata in loess L3 indicates open vegetation and a mostly dry Cold tolerant, There are 10 shells -8 3 -1 10 m kg and frequency-dependent is 1.8 %. environment related to steppe-like grassland. eurytherms, which need further hygrophilous identification in L3 open habitat of Veliki Surduk. Malacological investigations in Vojvodina region have given results in Crvenka (Marković preference. et al., 2018), Irig (Marković et al., 2007), Mišeluk (Marković et al., 2008), Petrovaradin (Gaudenyi et al., 2005), Batajnica (Osipova et al., 2013), Ruma (Marković et al., 2006) and Zemun (Gavrilović et al., 2019) LPSs. All of the species in this study have also been living References during the L2 and L1 in Vojvodina, except that Vitrina pellucida was not found in any other Basarin, B., Machalett, B., Markovic, S. B., Milojkovic, N., Lukic, T., & Frechen, M. 2008. High resolution paleoenvironmental and climate variability of SE Europe since the MIS 9, recorded at the Mosorin loess-paleosol sequence (Vojvodina, Serbia). In AGU Fall Meeting Abstracts. profile. The characteristic of malacofauna in Veliki Surduk is a large population close to Constantin, D., Veres, D., Panaiotu, C., Anechitei-Deacu, V., Groza, S. M., Begy, R., ... & Gerasimenko, N. 2019. Luminescence age constraints on the Pleistocene-Holocene transition recorded in loess sequences across SE Europe. Quaternary Geochronology, 49, 71-77. Feher, Z., Deli, T., & Sólymos, P. É. T. E. R. 2010. Revision of Granaria frumentum (Draparnaud 1801)(, , ) subspecies occurring in the eastern part of the species' range. Journal of Conchology, 40(2), 201. paleosols, while at the middle of the L3, the shells were not found. On the contrary, other Gaudenyi, T., Jovanović, M., Stevens, T., Walther, R., Ivanišević, P., & Galić, Z. 2005. Paleoclimate record in the Upper Pleistocene loess-paleosol sequence at Petrovaradin brickyard (Vojvodina, Serbia). Geologica Carpathica, 56(6), 545-552. investigated profiles showed a different situation. Some LPSs like Irig and Ruma do not Gavrilović, B., Sümegi, P., Ćirić, M., Radaković, M. G., Gavrilov, M. B., Mlađan, D., & Marković, S. B. 2019. The Middle and Late Pleniglacial (Weichselian) malacofauna of the Zemun loess–paleosol sequence, Serbia. 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